文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．surfing n．冲浪(运动)
2．plastic adj.塑料制的
3．twist n．(形势或事态的)意外转折
4．soldier n．士兵，军人
5．assure v．向……保证，使确信
6．chart v．记录，跟踪(变化或进展)
7．setting n．(机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置，调节点
8．bar n．横木
9．upper adj.(位置)较上的，较高的，上面的
10．data n．资料，数据
11．label n．标签，标记
12．asthma n．哮喘(病)
13．gorilla n．大猩猩
14．ultimate adj.(目标等)最终的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．goal n．球门
2．content n．满意，满足
3．factor n．因素，要素
4．conflict n．武装冲突，战斗，战争
5．ideal adj.理想的，最好的
6．display n．显示器
7．monitor v．监视，监测
8．available adj.可用的，可获得的
9．skip v．跳绳
10．bone n．骨头，骨11．master n．大师，能手
12．interpret v．理解，了解，解释
13．lung n．肺
14．power n．力量
15．network n．人际关系网，联络网
16．tension n．紧张，焦虑
17．ache v．(持续而隐隐地)作痛
18．inspire v．鼓舞，激励
19．persuade v．说服，劝服
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．represent v．代表，表示→representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．代表
2．basis n．基础；根据→base vt.以……为基础→basic adj.基础的→basically adv.大体上，
基本上
3．equipment n．装备，设备，用具→equip v．装备，配备
4．defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫→defenc(s)e n．防卫，防护→defensive adj.防御的；保
护的
5．death n．死，死亡→dead adj.死的；无生命的→die v．死亡→dying adj.垂死的→deadly
adj.致命的
6．adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的→adjust v．调整，调节；适应→adjustment n．调整；
适应
7．balance n．平衡→balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的
8．involve vt.包含；需要→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n．参与；卷入；牵
连
9．response n．回答，答复→respond v．回答，作出反应
10．disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n．消失→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance
n．出现；外表
11．sweaty adj.满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→sweat n．汗水 v．出汗
12．champion n．(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军，第一名→championship n．锦标赛；冠军称号
1．disgusting /dIs'ɡʌstIŋ/ adj.令人厌恶的；极糟的→disgust /dIs'ɡʌst/ n．厌恶；憎恨；反感
vt.使作呕；使厌恶；使反感
2．triumph /'traIʌmf/ n．胜利；重大成功
in triumph胜利地
3．illusion /I'luːʒn/ n．幻想；假象；错觉
4．exalt /Iɡ'zɔːlt/ vt.表扬；褒扬；提拔5．chilly /'tʃIli/ adj.寒冷的；阴冷的；冷淡的
6．arrogance /'ærəɡəns/ n．傲慢；自大→arrogant /'ærəɡənt/ adj.傲慢的，自大的
7．terrific /tə'rIfIk/ adj.极好的；绝妙的；很大的
8．stick with坚持；紧跟
9．exclusive /Ik'skluːsIv/ adj.独有的；专有的；排外的 n．独家新闻；独家报道
10．controversial /ˌkɒntrə'vɜːʃl/ adj.引起争论的；有争议的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．to one’s heart’s content尽情地；心满意足地
2．die out消失，绝迹，灭绝
3．go back追溯
4．end with以……结束
5．break down消除；分解；发生故障；失败；垮掉
6．take...for example 以……为例
7．put down 降落，着陆；放下；记下
8．a matter of life and death 生死攸关的事情；成败的关键
9．tens of thousands of成千上万的
10．social network社交网络
11．around the corner 就快到了，就在附近
12．in turn反之，转而；轮流，依次；相应地
13．save...from...从……中救出……，使免受
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we could even say that it is
also the most popular sport out of this world！(given that＋从句)想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想
要把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！
2．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.(that引导的
主语从句)
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。
3．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made of
plastic bags.(see＋宾语＋宾补)
在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的球。
4．Whether I’m at the gym or on the road，my nervous energy pushes me through mile one.
(whether...or...引导让步状语从句)
无论是在健身房还是在路上，跑第一英里时我还能感受到神经的紧张。
5．The funniest moment was when someone watching the race offered me a banana—a real
treat for a running gorilla！(when引导的表语从句)
最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐！Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．setting n． ( 机器、仪器等调控装置的 ) 设定位置，调节点
2．assure v． 向 …… 保证，使确信
3．chart v． 记录，跟踪 ( 变化或进展 )
4．data n．资料，数据
5．label n．标签，标记
6．upper adj. ( 位置 ) 较上的，较高的，上面的
7．twist n． ( 形势或事态的 ) 意外转折
8．ultimate adj. ( 目标等 ) 最终的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．ideal adj.理想的，最好的
2．content n．满意，满足
3．factor n．因素，要素
4．conflict n．武装冲突，战斗，战争
5．monitor v．监视，监测
6．available adj.可用的，可获得的
7．master n．大师，能手
8．tension n．紧张，焦虑
9．inspire v．鼓舞，激励
10．persuade v．说服，劝服
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．basis n．基础；根据→base vt.以……为基础→basic adj.基础的→basically adv.大体上，
基本上
2．death n．死，死亡→dead adj.死的；无生命的→die v．死亡→dying adj.垂死的
3．adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的→adjust v．调整，调节；适应→adjustment n．调整；
适应
4．defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫→defenc(s)e n．防卫，防护→defensive adj.防御的；保
护的
5．sweaty adj.满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→sweat n．汗水 v．出汗
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．disgusting adj.令人厌恶的；极糟的→disgust n．厌恶；憎恨；反感 vt.使作呕；使厌恶；
使反感2．arrogance n．傲慢；自大→arrogant adj.傲慢的，自大的
3．chilly adj.寒冷的；阴冷的；冷淡的
4．terrific adj.极好的；绝妙的；很大的
5．controversial adj.引起争论的；有争议的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1． to one ’ s heart ’ s content 尽情地；心满意足地
2．go back 追溯
3．end with 以……结束
4．put down 降落，着陆；放下；记下
5．save...from...从……中救出……，使免受
6．tens of thousands of 成千上万的
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．To help the students adjust to the new surroundings，the school will make some adjustments.
(adjust)
2．The manager responded to the complaints of the product，but the customers were not satisfied
with the response.(respond)
3．He involved himself in a series of events and he regretted the involvement.(involve)
4．If you want to be healthy，you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation，and
more importantly，keep a balanced diet.(balance)
5．She was not only a champion herself，but also led her team to world championship and then
to Olympic gold of 2016.(champion)
6．To our delight，our classroom is equipped with the most advanced equipment.(equipment)
7．Romanticism is representative of his works，where natural scenes are represented vividly.
(represent)
8．The instant the headmaster appeared，all the students playing with water on the playground
ran in all directions and soon disappeared.(disappear)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．As we all know，all theories come from practice and in turn serve practice.
2．Teachers’ Day is around the corner，and many students present different ideas to celebrate
it.
3．Many effective measures have been taken to protect endangered animals from dying out.
4．You should break down your tasks in an appropriate way so that you can finish them on time.
5．Some people really devote their life to their career，taking Professor Li for example.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)1．鉴于你英语口语不好，我强烈建议你抓住每个机会说英语。(given that＋从句)(应用文写
作之建议信)
Given that you don ’ t get along well with oral English ，I strongly suggest that you should seize
every chance to speak English.
2．受邀到那个中学去发表演讲对他来说是莫大的荣幸。(that引导的主语从句)
That he was invited to deliver a speech to the middle school was a great honour for him.
3．他看见眼前的人山人海全部起立，有的鼓掌，有的挥舞帽子和手帕，表达着他们对这部
杰作的赞赏。(see＋宾语＋宾补)
Before him，he saw a sea of people all standing ， clapping ， and waving their hats and
handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork.
4．无论你贫穷还是富有，我都愿意和你在一起。(whether...or...引导让步状语从句)
Whether you are poor or rich，I would like to stay with you.
5．最幸福的时刻是一家人团聚在一起，有说有笑。(when引导的表语从句)
The happiest moment is when the whole family get together ， talking and laughing .
Once，I was not content with my figure.On the basis of my ultimate goal，I persuaded
myself 1.to run(run) at 6 am.In my hometown，there are parks available for me to run
in.Running involves many 2.benefits(benefit) ， such as developing our balance and
strengthening our lungs.When we are sweaty after running ， the ache in the back will
disappear and the bone will be 3.stronger(strong) than before.Besides，in my spare time，I
enjoy 4.skipping(skip)．Believe it or not，recently I 5.have bought(buy) an adjustable display
to monitor my weight.
When running ， you don’t need much 6.equipment(equip) except a pair of
7.comfortable(comfort) shoes and then you can run and take 8.in the fresh air to your heart’s
content.9.Although/Though/While your weight depends on different factors，keep inspiring
yourself，and I assure that everyone will have the power to have 10.an ideal figure.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
content n．满意，满足；内容；(pl.)目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题 vt.满足，知足
adj.满意的；满足的
·with content满意地
·content oneself with满足于
·feel/be content with...对……满足/满意be content to do sth满足于做某事
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我满意地对大卫说：“我对你在越野赛中的表现很满意。”脸上
带着满意的笑容，大卫对参加越野赛也很满意。
I said to David with content ， “ I am/feel quite content with/content myself with your
performance in the cross-country running race.” With a content smile on his face，David was
also content to take part in the race.
技法点拨 “对……满意”的常用短语小结：be content with，be pleased with，be satisfied
with，be happy with。
defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 [defenc(s)e n．防御；保卫；保护]
·defend...against/from (doing) sth保护……免受……
defend oneself自卫；为自己辩护
·in defenc(s)e (of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one’s defenc(s)e为某人辩护
(1)The soldier stepped back appearing frightened and put up his hands as if in defence.He seemed
to defend himself from/against being injured.
(2)(读后续写之肢体动作描写)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。
Seeing the fierce snake，he rushed to defend his son like an arrow/he rushed in defence of his
son/in his son ’ s defence like an arrow .
balance n．平衡；天平；余额 vt.平衡；权衡；使相等(balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的)
·keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
·balance...against 权衡，比较(1)Before making the response，you’d better balance the
advantages against the disadvantages.
(2)The young man was persuaded to keep a balanced(balance) diet for the benefit of his health.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。所以我建议你应该在学习和娱乐
之间保持平衡，比如做运动、听音乐等。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.So I suggest you should keep a balance between your
study and entertainment，such as doing sports and listening to music.
persuade v．说服，劝服 (persuasive adj.有说服力的 persuasion n．说服)
persuade
(1)You must possess persuasive powers.After your persuasion，the stubborn boy agreed to
deliver a speech.(persuade)
(2)He tried to persuade us of his honesty.＝He tried to persuade us that he was honest.
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我成功地说服他同意我挨家挨户卖爆米花的计划。
I managed to persuade him to approve of my plan/persuade him into approving of my plan to sell
popcorn from door to door.
(4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)成功说服大卫不要放弃越野赛之后，我欣慰地笑了。
Having successfully persuaded David not to quit/out of quitting the cross-country race，I smiled
with relief.
(5)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)我非常紧张，犹豫不决地敲开老人的门，试图说服他买我的报
纸。
Having butterflies in my stomach，I hesitantly knocked on the old man’s door and tried to
persuade him to buy my newspaper/advised him to buy my newspaper.
用法点拨 (1)persuade表示“说服”，强调说服的结果；advise表示“劝说，建议”，强调
动作，对方不一定接受。“劝说但不一定有效果”应表述为：advise sb to do sth 或try to
persuade sb to do sth。
(2)表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式：talk sb into doing sth，argue sb into doing sth，
convince sb to do sth。
in turn 依次；轮流；反之；相应地；转而
in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
by turns 交替地；轮流
It is one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。
take turns to do sth轮流做某事
(1)The girls take turns to skip(skip) the rope on the playground.
(2)The ten students who represented our club took turns to deliver speeches at the New Year
Party.Finally，it was my turn to deliver(deliver) a speech.As far as I’m concerned，in the past it
was our parents and coaches that helped us in many aspects and in turn，we should give a helping
hand to them from now on.
用法点拨 by turns是“交替地；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；
in turn表示“按顺序”。
given that＋从句 Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we
could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world！想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯
特朗曾想要把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！
·“given that＋从句”是独立成分作状语，用来标记已知事实，意为“考虑到……，鉴
于……”。
·given that后面跟从句；given与之意思相同，但后面常跟名词。(1)(话题写作之传统文化)鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向您介绍端午
节。
Given that you are keen on the Chinese traditional festival，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to
introduce it to you.
(2)(读后续写之肢体动作描写)鉴于没有人帮他与恶狼作斗争，他立即从自行车上下来，抓牢
自行车，并用尽全力把它扔向狼，试图把狼吓跑。
Given that there was nobody to help him fight against the fierce wolf，he instantly got off the
bike，seized the bike tightly and threw it towards the wolf with all his strength，trying to frighten
it away.
用法点拨 类似用法的还有：generally speaking 一般来说；frankly speaking 坦白地说；
considering...考虑到……；to tell you the truth 说实话；judging from/by 从……来判断；
compared to/with与……相比较；believe it or not信不信由你；supposing假设。这些结构不用
考虑逻辑主语，直接运用。
see＋宾语＋宾补 All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content
with a ball made of plastic bags.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的
球。
·see sb do sth看见某人做了某事，强调动作的全过程(在变为被动语态时，see sb do sth应改
为sb be seen to do sth)。
·see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。
·see sth done看见某事被做，强调动作的被动和完成。
(1)(2020·浙江 7 月)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading(head) towards the
motorway.I ran desperately but failed to catch up.
(2)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)I saw a hummingbird covered(cover) in spider-webs and it was
desperately trying to escape，unable to move its wings.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)When I strode into the classroom，I saw that he was buried in reading.
＝When I strode into the classroom，I saw him buried in reading.(see的复合结构)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．content
A.n.目录 B.n.书籍、文章、演讲等的主要内容 C.n.容器等容纳的东西 D.n.含量
E.adj.满意的，满足的 F.vt.使满足，使满意
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them tobe lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents. C
(2)(2022·全国乙)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for
every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content. D
(3)(2021·新课标Ⅱ)Look at the table of contents，the preface，the chapter heading，etc.This
will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. A
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，
the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes written down or words underlined. B
(5)To be honest，we should never content ourselves with book knowledge only. F
(6)(2021·浙江6月)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look
content or annoyed，you may be onto something. E
2．involve vt.
(1)(2023·全国甲)But when Derek built our family house about eight years ago，I was heavily
involved，painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. C
(2)(2023·北京)While a routine involves repeated behaviour，it’s not necessarily performed in
response to a deep-rooted urge，as a habit is. A
(3)If your goal involves other people，put yourself in their positions. B
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)(2022·浙江 1 月)With help from Tesla，Westinghouse’s firm developed a system using
alternating current(交流电)，which soon became the major form of power delivery. n . 电力
(2)What is known to us all is that art is a powerful way to represent life and express feelings.
vt . 描绘，展现
(3)(2020·江苏)Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they
exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast(禁食)． vt . 不做 ( 应做的事 )
(4)I’d like to check the balance in my account，please. n . 余额；结余
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．When she turned around，she saw her mother staring(stare) at her with joy.
2．The son，as well as his parents，wants(want) to get involved in the activities and see the
fireworks.
3．Equipped(equip) with some tools，the farmers walked into the mountain with great effort.
4．The thieves admitted that they had broken into the bank and stolen a lot of money.
5．As a result of the global warming，these endangered animals may even die out.
6．Mr Smith and his wife broke up two years ago regardless of others’ disagreement.
7．The man failed to persuade his wife to go(go) with him to participate in the competition.
8．The guy’s goal is to be(be) a host on CCTV whose programme will attract a large
audience.9．He is regarded as the most suitable person who has the power to handle(handle) various
emergencies.
10．Representing(represent) my school，I am greatly honoured to talk about how to be civilised
citizens.
2022·上海1月假如你是明启中学的高三学生李明。入冬以来，你们学校组织全校师生进
行晨跑，时间在7：30到7：50，休息5分钟之后准备上第一节课。但是有同学反映，晨跑
后身体不适。校方委托学生会向同学们征集意见，请你向学生会写封邮件。要求：
1.提出问题；
2.提出改进的建议和理由。
完成句子
1．我们很高兴学校组织早上7：30到7：50的跑步，这有助于保护老师和学生免受疾病的
侵袭。(defend；定语从句)
2．考虑到很多学生反映跑步后不舒服，我们应该尽快解决这个问题。(given that)
3．何不把晨跑时间放在第二节课后的大休息时间，这相应地又能让学生更有活力。(in
turn；which引导的非限制性定语从句)
4．为了保持锻炼和身体舒适之间的平衡，我们最好给学生一个全面的身体检查。(balance)
5．只有当每个学生和老师都对晨跑满意时，我们才能达到预期的效果。(content；倒装句)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Student Council，
We are more than glad that the school organizes morning running from 7：30 to 7：50 which
helps defend teachers and students from illnesses.However，given that many students reflected
that they were uncomfortable after running，we should solve it as soon as possible.My suggestionsand reasons are as follows.
First of all，why not try to put the morning running time in the big break after the second
class，which in turn enables students to be more energetic.Besides，to keep a balance between
workout and physical comfort ， we’d better give students a comprehensive physical
examination.Only when each student and teacher is content with morning running can we achieve
the desired effect.
I hope sincerely students can experience happiness in reasonable sports.
Yours，
Li Ming
教材语料整合
[情感描写] content；to one’s heart’s content；tension
[动作描写] defend；conflict；monitor；skip；disappear；ache；inspire；
亮词
persuade
[人物描写] sweaty；available；champion；master
1.All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball
made of plastic bags.(心理描写)
美句 2.As a computer engineer，there’s always a new challenge just around the corner！
It can be quite stressful at times，though，which in turn makes me feel anxious.(矛盾
冲突)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：悲伤、沮丧与孤独(二)
heart-broken adj.心碎的 upset adj.不高兴的，心烦意乱的 v．使心烦意乱，使生
气 desperate adj.无望的，绝望的 despair n．绝望；令人绝望的人或事 v．绝
望，丧失信心 depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧→depressed adj.抑郁的，沮丧的
单词
→depressing adj.令人沮丧的→depression n．悲伤，沮丧 disappoint vt.使失望
→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointment n．失
望
fall into despair陷入绝望 with a heavy/sinking/sorrowful/broken heart心情沉重/难
过/心碎 cry one’s heart out 悲痛欲绝 in low spirits情绪低落 in a bad mood心
情不好 in a sorrowful/sad tone/voice伤心地说 one’s heart sank 心沉下去
词块
sadness came in waves悲伤如潮涌 an ocean of sadness悲伤的海洋 a look of
disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over one’s face 脸上露出失望/孤独
的表情
She rode home from school slowly，numb with sorrow.(形容词短语作状语)
句型
她从学校慢慢地骑车回家，悲伤得麻木了。So desperate did she feel that she couldn’t help weeping，unable to hold back her
tears.(倒装句；形容词短语作状语)她感到如此绝望，以至于禁不住哭了，无法控
制自己的眼泪。
She walked to me，with great sorrow，the light in her eyes darkened，and said with
sadness，“I failed.”
她走到我面前，悲痛万分，眼睛里的光芒暗了下来，悲伤地说：“我失败了。”
Cold with no hope for warmth，she felt drowned in a crowd of people.(形容词短语
作状语)
她感到又冷又无取暖的希望，感觉就像被人群淹没一样。
I bit my bottom lip，struggled to my feet and ran forward desperately，with
sweat blurring my sight.(动作链描写)(with复合结构)我咬着下嘴唇，挣扎着站起
来，拼命向前跑，汗水模糊了我的视线。
In low spirits，she dragged her heavy legs back home，tired out.
她垂头丧气地拖着两条沉重的腿回家，累坏了。
The next following days，she felt like she was floating in an ocean of sadness，not
wanting to do anything.(比喻句)接下来的几天，她觉得自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋
里，什么都不想做。
Depression hung over me like a dark cloud.(无灵主语句，比喻句)沮丧像乌云一样
笼罩着我。
语料运用 比赛受挫
Minutes later，my legs ached.My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes，
and it seemed as if my arms would fall off if I swung them one more time.But I still gathered up my
strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.① Depression ， despair and sadness hung over
me like a dark cloud(无灵主语)．② I felt like I was floating in an ocean of sadness.(比喻句)
③ So desperate did I feel that I couldn ’ t help weeping ， unable to hold back my tears (倒装句)．
However，inspired by my classmates，④ I bit my bottom lip ， struggled to my feet and ran
forward desperately ， with sweat blurring my sight .(动作链描写)(with复合结构) The tension and
disappointment in my heart disappeared.
几分钟后，我的腿疼了。汗水流进了我的眼睛，我的视线模糊了，我的手臂似乎再甩一
次就要掉下来了。但我仍然集中我的力量加速，但突然跌倒在地上。沮丧、绝望和难过像乌
云一样笼罩着我。我觉得自己漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。我感到如此绝望，以至于禁不住哭了，
无法控制自己的眼泪。然而，在同学们的鼓舞下，我咬着下嘴唇，挣扎着站起来，拼命向前
跑，汗水模糊了我的视线。我心头的紧张和失望消失了。高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Tobogganing ， or sledding( 雪 橇 ) ， likely comes before the colonization of North
America.Records show that Canada’s First Peoples used small sleds to transport their belongings
and food between camps，Raymond Flower writes in The History of Skiing and Other Winter
Sports.But modern-day sled races can trace their origins back to the Swiss Alps in the late 1800s
when British tourists decided to race in wooden luges(a sled used by one person) that locals had
used to travel through snow.The origin is debatable in snowy northern New York，however，
where there is evidence that Albany held bobsled(a sled used by two or more people) races as early
as 1885.
Wherever they began，sled races quickly became popular.The famous Cresta Run，named
after the Swiss town near the base of its course，was built in 1885 using snowbanks.The first
organized competition was in 1898，hosted by the first bobsled club in nearby St.Moritz(a city in
Switzerland)．It was then that sledding began to separate from the luge to include two new
sports：bobsledding，and skeleton sledding(俯式冰橇)．
Cresta Run is considered the birthplace of the skeleton ，a particularly daring form of
sledding.Unlike the luge，where competitors ride feet-first on a sled with metal runners，the
skeleton sledding is a steel sled with a slim appearance.Riders lie down on the sled head-first，and
then drop suddenly down an ice track.Bobsledding，meanwhile，involves teams of two to four in
which the person in front controls directions and the player in back brakes when needed.It earned
its name after competitors started swinging back and forth to speed up the sled.
Bobsledding initially overtook skeleton sledding in popularity，becoming one of a handful of
sports played at the first Winter Games in 1924.The skeleton sledding was limited to the Cresta
Run for decades because other bob runs around the world were not built for the steel skeleton
sled.But in the 1970s，adjustments were made to both the skeleton and bob runs in order to include
the event at future winter games.
1．What can we infer about Raymond Flower?
A．He is a writer. B．He is good at sledding.
C．He invented the sledding race. D．He set the first record of sledding.
2．How does skeleton sledding differ from the luge?
A．Skeleton sledding runs on metal runners.
B．Skeleton sledding doesn’t have back brakes.
C．Riders on skeleton sledding sled with their feet.
D．Skeleton sledding needs players to lie down on it head-first.3．What limited the popularity of skeleton sledding?
A．Its special shape. B．Its speed.
C．Its steel runners. D．Its unsuitable adjustments.
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Why Is Sledding So Popular? B．How Did Sledding Develop in Switzerland?
C．What Are Sledding Adventures About? D．How Did People Kill Time in North America?
B(★)
A famous springboard driver was defeated by his competitor in the finals of a world
championship，offering congratulations to the winner and waving a tearful goodbye to the
audience.
It is common in the athletic world.Sportsmen spend the best part of their lives on hard training
and competitions.When it becomes evident that they are on the decline，they still make great
efforts to give their best so as to bring a satisfactory end to their career.
Chances to compete for the championship are few and far between.Life is short.Still shorter is
the time for an athlete trying to win games.An athletic contestant really feels that there are so few
opportunities and time flies.He treasures every minute，makes full use of it and tries to grasp any
chance coming his way.He gets as much as he gives，winning honors not only for himself but also
for his country.
To participate and to win—that is the Olympic spirit.It finds expression in the weak daring to
challenge the strong，and the strong searching forever better performance.Ever better—the ideal
always makes a sportsman forward.He will do everything he can for it，never relax，never give
up.It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated—even the best is bound to be
defeated by someone still stronger.This is the rule of sports—thousands of losers set off one winner
who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honor list.However，he is always trying
to do the best he can.When the time comes and he knows he can’t，he will step down happily to
give place to the younger winner，aware contentedly of the fact that he has done his best for the
“ever better” records of the Olympic Games.He will say proudly that he has not lived his youth
in vain.
5．What is the function of the paragraph 1?
A．To explain a phenomenon.
B．To describe a competition.
C．To lead in the topic of this passage.
D．To express worries about sportsmen.
6．According to the passage，what kind of ideal pushes an athlete forward?
A．He wants to win people’s respect.
B．He wants to win honor for his nation.
C．He wants to make greater achievements than ever.D．He wants to earn more and more money and fame.
7．What can be learnt from the rule of sports?
A．Whatever difficulties you have met，never give up.
B．Even the strongest athlete will be defeated one day.
C．You can’t live in the sports field without any effort or progress.
D．You are the winner if you are brave enough to challenge the strong.
8．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Sportsmen’s spirit. B．Sportsmen’s life.
C．Sportsmen’s honor. D．Sportsmen’s pride.
C
(2024·福建福州5月联考)
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A
research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless，soft e-skin that
can both detect and deliver the sense of touch，and form a touch network allowing one-to-
multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate(模拟) the sense of touch in the
virtual world，they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-
skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7cm×10cm,4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators(驱动器)，a
microcontroller unit，a Bluetooth module，and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The
actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin.Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force，a
current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter(转
换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received，a current is
caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration(振
动)．The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the
corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with
smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch，and to form a touch Internet of
Things(IoT) system ， where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be
realized.Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of
touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human
communication.
Next，the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability，who
could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
9．What is the unique feature of the e-skin?
A．It provides hugs for users.
B．It builds a social network.C．It provides touch sensing and copying.
D．It monitors the process of self-sensing.
10．What does the underlined word “reversed” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．Started. B．Disturbed. C．Completed. D．Exchanged.
11．What can we learn about e-skin?
A．It strengthens bonds across distance.
B．Its converter vibrates when working.
C．It sends electrical signals to receivers.
D．Its system delivers touch with phones.
12．What would be the best title of the text?
A．A Signal-sending Application B．An Invention for the Disabled
C．A Device for Virtual Interaction D．A Long-distance Communication
Ⅱ.七选五
You may feel your backbreaking and low-paid part-time summer job isn’t worth your effort. 1
Here are some you can enjoy.
When landing a job，you’ll put yourself into unfamiliar territory and learn how to survive
and develop there. 2 Whether it’s learning a new skill or dealing with a tough boss，you
must rely on yourself for solutions，through which you can build up your self-belief.
Hanging around all summer is a great way to relax，but it won’t contribute to your time
management skill. 3 This skill helps you decide what should be accomplished in a day and
learn how to handle those things to make it happen，which involves prioritizing，planning and
judging how much you can realistically finish.The best way to develop this skill is through
practice.With loads of free time，you’ll likely not have to flex your time-management muscles.
4 Take it easy.Most people change their minds many times before settling on their long-
term career.Getting out into the workforce as a waiter at a cafe may not help you see what it’ll
be like as a doctor but you’ll figure out whether you like to work with people or whether you can
work efficiently under pressure.A summer job helps zero in on your likes and dislikes to evaluate
your strengths and resolve your weaknesses.
Chances are that your social circle is comprised of people in your age group.However，in a
job，you’ll work with diverse groups of people，from whom you’ll learn varying viewpoints
and experiences. 5
A．Working will，though.
B．But such jobs uplift willpower.
C．Not sure of your future profession?
D．Does a summer job help with college?
E．Actually，its added bonuses go beyond your wallet.
F．There’re various confidence-boosting challenges to overcome.G．You can develop friendships and increase your visibility as well.
