文档内容
必修第三册 Unit 1 Nature in the balance(1)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·新课标Ⅰ，C)
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands
were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these
precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately ， it took the explorers and the settlers who
followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水
禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious
sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the everincreasing
populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)．
In 1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act)，an increasingly
concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the
wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act，all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over
must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was
designed by J．N.“Ding” Darling，a political cartoonist from Des Moines，Lowa，who at
that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological
Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation
Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge
System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to
come.Since 1934，better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5
million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the
most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
1．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A．Loss of wetlands. B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers. D．Arrival of other wild animals.
2．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Acquire. B．Export. C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
3．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A．The stamp price has gone down. B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting. D．The government has collected money.
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story B．The National Wildlife Refuge SystemC．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
B
(2023·全国甲，D)
Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a
conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening
dreams.Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they
most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are reoccupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist
Chris Servheen.As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a
century or more，they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The Western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number
of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.By the early 1970s，after centuries of cruel
and continuous hunting by settlers,600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their
former range in the Northern Rockies.In 1975，grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species
Act.
Today，there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US.Their recovery has been so
successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies，which
would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to
lawsuits from conservation groups.For now，grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously，if precautions(预防) aren’t taken，grizzlies can become troublesome，
sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food.If people remove food
and attractants from their yards and campsites ， grizzlies will typically pass by without
trouble.Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly
effective at getting grizzlies away.“Our hope is to have a clean，attractantfree place where bears
can pass through without learning bad habits，” says James Jonkel，longtime biologist who
manages bears in and around Missoula.
5．How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A．They cause mixed feelings in people.
B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value.
D．They are a symbol of American culture.
6．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A．The European settlers’ behavior.
B．The expansion of bears’ range.
C．The protection by law since 1975.
D．The support of Native Americans.7．What has stopped the US Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies?
A．The opposition of conservation groups.
B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists.
D．The local farmers’ advocates.
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023·全国乙)
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much，but in many ways they are
the unsung heroes of the home.__1__，but studies have shown that they can promote people’s
wellbeing by improving their mood(心情)，reducing stress and helping their memory.What’s
more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants，also known as houseplants or pot plants，are plants that like to grow
indoors.Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK，
especially in the winter.__2__.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra，who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens，says，“__3__.I find during the
winter months，plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed
this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity，focus and memory.There is also
research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases，such
as carbon dioxide.They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.__4__.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera，peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow
indoors.You can buy plants from supermarkets，garden centres or online.Younger plants are often
cheaper than fully grown ones，and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the
joy of owning plants.“__5__，” Spoelstra says.“It can bring a new interest and focus into
people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D．Instead，they grow better inside，where it is warmer
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the bestF．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
Ⅲ.完形填空
Jim Quick grew up on a farm in Orchard Hill，Georgia.There he learned how __1__ bees are
to the food we eat.When he was 11，his grandfather asked him to start a beehive to keep the __2__
growing strong.
“Fortytwo years later，and I’m still __3__，” Quick said in a recent interview.Before his
retirement，the master beekeeper taught entomology(the study of insects) at the University of
Georgia in Athens.
Quick is still learning about bees on the farm where he grew up.But he is worried：The bee
__4__ is in danger.Nearly 40% of beehives in the United States were __5__ in 2021 alone.This
__6__ Quick and other scientists because bees are essential to food __7__.They pollinate(授粉)
flowering crops and plants, __8__ the production of seeds and fruits.
The declining bee population can be __9__ by several factors，including parasites(寄生物)
that kill or weaken the hives.Habitat loss, __10__，and climate change are also to blame.Pesticides
get into the nectar(花蜜) of plants，which is essential to a bee’s __11__.Poisonous substances in
the nectar harm the bees’ memory.
Scientists are searching for __12__ to help the bee population.But Quick already has a(n)
__13__.“Set up a beehive at school，” he said，“and learn more about pollinators.” Kids
aren’t too young to __14__.After all，just at the age of 11 Quick __15__ his first beehive.“We
could grow more bees，” he said，“if we had more people to do it.”
1．A.vital B．friendly C．addicted D．sensitive
2．A.bees B．bushes C．crops D．roots
3．A.trying B．working C．learning D．teaching
4．A.growth B．migration C．diversity D．population
5．A.lost B．moved C．collected D．discovered
6．A.disappoints B．concerns C．shocks D．challenges
7．A.safety B．storage C．flavor D．production
8．A.relying on B．resulting in C．speeding up D．controlling over
9．A.caused B．identified C．worsened D．limited
10．A.enemies B．disasters C．diseases D．chemicals
11．A.size B．life C．diet D．memory
12．A.clues B．solutions C．volunteers D．donations
13．A.job B．idea C．choice D．schedule
14．A.help B．remember C．decide D．communicate
15．A.decorated B．designed C．started D．bought
Ⅳ.语法填空(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National
Park(GPNP).1.____________(cover) an area about three times 2.____________ size of
Yellowstone National Park，the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.The
plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3.____________(be) previously
unprotected，bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
4.____________(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a threeyear pilot period，the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP
5.__________(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and
integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems，preserving biological diversity，protecting ecological
buffer zones,6.____________ leaving behind precious natural assets( 资 产 ) for future
generations” ． The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate
7.____________(population) and homes of giant pandas，and 8.____________(eventual) achieve
a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9.____________ an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a
host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is
intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10.____________ live within the Giant
Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
Ⅴ.应用文微写作
长江江豚(the Yangtze finless porpoise)是中国特有的物种，有极高的研究价值。近年来，
受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，其数量仅剩1 000－1 800只。假设你是李华，请用英文给世界
自然基金会(WWF)写一封信，请他们关注这一情况。内容如下：
1．简述江豚现状；
2．列举保护措施；
3．表示感谢并期待回复。
范文补全
Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m a student from China.I am writing to ask you to pay attention to the situation of the
Yangtze finless porpoise.
As we all know ， this endangered species is native to
China,1.__________________________________( 它 们 对 生 物 多 样 性 极 有 价 值 ) ．
Nevertheless，in recent years，the number of them has dropped sharply to only 1,000 to
1,800.2.______________________________________________________________________( 我
们真诚地希望可以采取更多措施来保护它们以免灭绝)．The top priority is to establish more
organizations specialized in protecting
them.Additionally,3._______________________________________________________________
_______(如果有专业的专家给我们提供一些实用的建议就更好了)．Moreover，moresponsorship is needed to offer a livable
habitat.4.________________________________________________(尽管这个任务很具挑战性，
我们最终一定会成功)．
I would appreciate it if you could keep an eye on this issue.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
