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【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（上海专用）
黄金卷08
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡
皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Quit driving because of the traffic jam. B. Take the motorway on Saturday.
C. Set off earlier in case of heavy traffic. D. Take public transport to get there.
2. A. The man is fond of travelling.
B. The woman is a photographer.
C. The woman took a lot of pictures at the contest.
D. The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.
3. A. The coffee machine is always convenient.
B. Coffee buyers should have the exact change.
C. The coffee from a coffee machine is cheaper.
D. Coffee buyers should wait for getting coffee.
4. A. The woman is sure to get more bonus next year.
B. There are some problems with the woman’s bonus.
C. They have to reduce the expenses this year.
D. The bonus is in proportion to the woman’s work.
5. A. Buy a sweater as a gift. B. Check out in the counter.
C. Switch to another store. D. Select a sweater she likes.
6. A. He learns it on his own. B. He starts playing guitar quite early.
C. He processes the basic ideas himself. D. He finds a tutor to teach him.
7. A. The bus to the department store. B. The route for the No.6 Bus.C. The bus sent off by the store. D. The rules to take the No. 6 Bus.
8. A. The man’s eyes are infected when swimming.
B. The man can’t swim before his eyes are cured.
C. The woman persuades the man into quitting swimming.
D. The woman gives the man suggestions to protect his eyes.
9. A. Because his boss is very strict.
B. Because he has some work problems.
C. Because his boss assigned him many projects.
D. Because he had a hard time in sleeping.
10. A. They are very convenient.
B. They cost people much money.
C. They take up people much time.
D. They have both advantages and disadvantages.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer
conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the
four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. She was stuck in dense fog. B. She was too old to swim for a long time.
C. She had been swimming for too long. D. She suffered a lot for the sea water was icy.
12. A. She was too tired to persist in swimming.
B. The fog was too dense to make her see her goal.
C. The water was cold enough to defeat her.
D. She was persuaded by her mother and her trainer.
13. A. She swam across the Catalina Channel.
B. She insisted on her dream.
C. She convinced others’ suspicion.
D. She eliminated discrimination against women.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. They provide a variety of subjects in their courses.
B. They award most degrees online to their students.
C. They ensure students to improve their language skills.
D. They have met certain standards of excellence.
15. A. They are addicted to computer.
B. They lack human interaction.
C. They are reluctant to meet people.D. They need physical exercises.
16. A. His financial situation. B. His schedule arrangement.
C. His interpersonal competence. D. His social activities.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. They are complaining about the college life.
B. They are planning ways to improve study.
C. They are discussing ways to relax themselves.
D. They are talking about their study here.
18. A. It is more informative to study here.
B. The students are demanded to read more.
C. The students need to keep up with others.
D. It is more difficult to get used to the life here.
19. A. Because she doesn’t plan to deal with the problem.
B. Because she is puzzled by the way to write her essay.
C. Because she is involved too much in planning her essay.
D. Because she must attend too many lectures for study.
20. A. The lectures can’t make any sense for him.
B. The subjects aren’t related to the lectures.
C. The lecturers can’t attract students.
D. The subjects are too boring to be presented.
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Champagne is a sparkling wine produced from grapes grown in the Champagne region of France 21
(follow) rules that demand secondary fermentation（发酵）of the wine in the bottle to create carbonation. Some
use “Champagne” as a general term for sparkling wine, but it is illegal to officially label any product Champagne
22 it both comes from the Champagne region and is produced under the rules of the title.
In France the first sparkling Champagne was created accidentally. Contrary to legend and popular belief, Dom
Pérignon did not invent sparkling wine. The oldest 23 (record) sparkling wine is Blanquette de Limoux,
24 was apparently invented by Benedictine Monks in the Abbey of Saint-Hilaire in 1531. Over a century later,
the English scientist and physician Christopher Merret documented the addition of sugar 25 a finished
wine to create a second fermentation.
The pressure in the Champagne bottle led it to be called “the devil's wine,” as bottles exploded or corkspopped. In 1844 Adolphe Jaquesson invented the muse-let 26 (prevent) the corks from blowing out. Even
when it was deliberately produced as a sparkling wine, Champagne was for a very long time made by the méthode
rurale, where the wine was bottled before the initial fermentation had finished. Champagne did not use the
méthode champenoise 27 the 19th century, about 200 years after Merret documented the process.
Méthode champenoise is the traditional method by which Champagne is produced. After primary fermentation and
bottling, a second alcoholic fermentation occurs in the bottle. This second fermentation is caused by adding several
grams of yeast and rock sugar to the bottle --- although each brand has 28 own secret recipe. Usually a
minimum of 1.5 years is required to completely develop the full flavor.
The 19th century 29 (see) a fast growth in Champagne production, going from a regional production
of 300,000 bottles a year in 1800 to 20 million bottles in 1850. In 2007, Champagne sales hit 30 all-
time record of 338.7 million bottles.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A．categorise B．creation C．sake D．innovative E. maximum F. packed
G. pedestrianise H. processing I. shape J. short-lived K. transformation
All Change in Curitiba!
Like many other major world cities, Curitiba in southern Brazil has had to deal with issues such as pollution,
poverty, and limited public funding. However, the architect and three-times mayor of the city, Jaime Lerner, has
introduced some 31 solutions.
As part of his ‘Master Plan’, Lerner hoped to make the city more environmentally friendly. He initiated a
recycling scheme. In return for delivering recyclable rubbish to specified 32 points, residents receive a
bag of vegetables or bus tickets. As a result, Curitiba now has one of the highest recycling rates in the world. Lerner
also ordered the 33 of 26 urban parks. As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding.
Lerner did not win over all the city’s residents immediately, however. When his plans to 34 part of
the centre were passed, local businesses were up in arms, fearing a reduction in profits. Realising he needed to act
quickly, Lerner had the 35 of six blocks completed within three days. When a group of motorists
attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a paintingworkshop on the streets. The drivers were forced to turn back. Luckily for Lerner, this rebellion was 36 .
The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop owners to change their minds.
Lerner’s determination helped 37 the Curitiba of today. The average income per capita has risen
from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate high
levels of resident satisfaction.
So, is it all just one big success story? In some respects, Curitiba may have been too successful for its own
38 . People and businesses have come to the city, which now has more than 1.8 million residents. This has put
the city under enormous stress. Forty years ago, buses transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3
million. According to some experts, the transport system has reached its 39 efficiency capacity.
Following a rise in complaints about the noisy and 40 buses, the service is in decline.
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
Recently, Senator Kirsten Gillibrand of New York said that if we want to fix the gridlock (僵局) in Congress,
we need more women. Women are more focused on finding common ground and 41 , she argued.
Besides, neuroscientists have uncovered evidence suggesting that, when the 42 is on, women bring
unique strengths to decision making.
Mara Mather and Nichole R. Lighthall, two cognitive neuroscientists, are two of the many researchers who
have found that under normal circumstances, when everything is low-key and 43 , men and women make
decisions about risk in similar ways. We gather the best information we can, we 44 potential costs
against potential gains, and then we choose how to act. 45 , add stress to the situation and men and
women begin to part ways.
Dr. Mather and her team taught people a simple computer gambling game, in which they got points for
inflating (给……充气) digital balloons. The more they inflated each balloon, the greater its value, and the 46
of popping it. When they were relaxed, men and women took similar risks and averaged a similar number of
pumps. But after experiencing the cold water, the stressed women 47 sooner, cashing out their winnings
and going with the more guaranteed win. Stressed men did just the 48 . They kept pumping — in one
study averaging about 50 percent more pumps than the women and risking more.
Of course, just because it works this way in a(n) 49 it doesn’t mean the same thing happens in themessy real world. Do organizations with women 50 actually make less risky and more empathetic
decisions in stressful circumstances?
Some evidence suggests they do. Credit Suisse (瑞士信贷) examined almost 2,400 global corporations from
2005 to 2011 — including the years directly preceding (之前的) and 51 the financial crisis — and
found that companies with at least one woman on their boards 52 comparable companies with all-male
boards by 26 percent.
53 , what often happens is that women are asked to lead only during periods of intense stress. It’s
called the glass cliff, in which highly qualified women are asked to lead organizations only in times of 54
. Think of Mary T. Barra at General Motors and Marissa Mayer at Yahoo, who were both brought in only after
things had begun to fall apart. If more women were key decision makers, perhaps organizations could respond
effectively to small stresses, 55 letting them escalate into huge ones. There’s a good reason that we’d
benefit from more women in positions of power.
41．A．socializing B．memorizing C．cooperating D．deciding
42．A．presentation B．pressure C．administration D．measure
43．A．understandableB．acceptable C．manageable D．remarkable
44．A．fight B．weigh C．race D．protest
45．A．Furthermore B．Therefore C．Likewise D．However
46．A．sound B．result C．sight D．risk
47．A．pumped B．escaped C．stopped D．learned
48．A．same B．opposite C．great D．latter
49．A．computer B．lab C．team D．analysis
50．A．in charge B．under control C．in demand D．under pressure
51．A．preventing B．following C．deepening D．affecting
52．A．outweighed B．outdated C．outperformed D．outsourced
53．A．Preciously B．Surprisingly C．Unfortunately D．Arguably
54．A．crisis B．prime C．development D．mistake
55．A．according to B．along with C．apart from D．rather than
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)
At 14, Fraser Doherty was busy making jam after his grandparents taught him a family recipe. He started
selling jars of his jam door to door near his parents’ home in Edinburgh. As interest grew, his hobby stated to turn
into a business. He now makes 40,000 jars of jam a month and is well on his way to making his first million.
Doherty, who has been chosen to represent Britain in the Global Students Entrepreneurs Awards in Chicago
next month, said there are several advantages to having started young: “As a young person you have a different
view of the world. You have a naivety and an optimism and are willing to give things a shot. The downside for me
isn’t particularly scary. I don’t have a mortgage or kids to worry about so I didn’t have a huge amount to lose if my
idea had not worked.”
Duncan Cheatle, founder of The Supper Club, a forum for established entrepreneurs in London, agreed that
becoming an entrepreneur at a young age has a lot to recommend it.
“For young people there is no concept of thinking outside the box because there isn’t a box. There is capacity
in young people to see things in a different way that older people lose. And often not being an expert in something
can be helpful because if you don’t understand why something works in a certain way, you will decide to do it
differently.”
Emma Jones, founder of Enterprise Nation, the home business website, said that young people were much
more confident about using technology as a base for their business than the older generation. “Whole sectors that
didn’t exist ten years ago are coming up now because young entrepreneurs are challenging all previous rules and
saying technology means that we can do things like this. They have an open capacity to think of new ideas and as a
result they are starting very interesting businesses.”
56．According to Doherty, is the competitive edge of young people starting business compared with the older
generation?
A．ignorance of the reality B．naïve pursuit of a hobby
C．readiness to try things out D．parents shouldering the financial burden
57．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means young people .
A．are reluctant to obey the existing rules
B．are not bound by established ways of doing things
C．have superior ideas to those of the older generation
D．will not fall into traps that old people set up for them
58．Which of the following statements will Emma Jones most likely agree with?
A．Abandoning all previous rules is a must to establish new sectors.
B．As people grow older, they are less able to take a fresh approach.C．Those lacking confidence are less able to start creative businesses.
D．The use of technology contributes to the creation of new businesses.
59．The purpose of this passage is to .
A．inform readers of success stories of young entrepreneurs
B．introduce opinions on the advantages of being young entrepreneurs
C．convince young people to follow the trend and start their own businesses
D．provide specific guidance on how to become successful young entrepreneurs
(B)
Know how much to tip
New rules of gratuities
The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs
at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lot of people
to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential
service workers suddenly faced.
Just as many services have changed, so should tipping. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several
newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over.
Some new rules of tipping that are likely here to stay:
Give more if you can. Treat business owners
Think outside the (cash) box. You can
differently.
It’s common for tips to be divided
also “tip” with a thank-you note or a
between all the workers at a store or A practice of the past, tipping
homemade gift when a business (or your
restaurant, not just those who the boss separately is no longer
budget) doesn’t permit gratuities.
interact directly with customers. So necessary. But if he provides
Consider writing a review online,
giving generously ensures a fairer you with your service, tip him as
making sure to name names.
tip for all. you would any of his workers.
As for specific situations, here’s what the experts recommend:
FOOD AND DRINKS
Restaurant workers
Old rule: Leave a tip only when you dine in.
New rule: Always tip, even for takeout.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders.
Personal shoppers
Old rule: N/A(Not applicable). Many of these services, such as grocery pickup, are newer.
New rule: Tip, and do it in the app, since you are unlikely to interact directly with your shopper.
Tip: 10 to 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dollars extra.
HOME DELIVERIES
Package delivery drivers
Old rule: Don’t tip.
New rule: Show appreciation if you get deliveries more than once a week.
Tip: Drinks, snacks, or $5 to $20 if a package is particularly heavy or large. Postal workers cannot accept cash orgifts worth more than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers to decline tips unless a customer insists. And FedEX prohibits
employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards).
Flower delivery drivers
Old rule: The person who places the order tips those who deliver flowers (and other specialty items).
New rule: You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the
goodwill along in the form of a tip.
Tip: $5 to $10.
PERSONAL SERVICES
Ride-share drivers
Old rule: Tip in cash.
New rule: Ask your driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let you add gratuities, but some drivers prefer cash.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent.
60．New rules of tipping are recommended because ________.
A．the pandemic has driven many businesses to financial ruin
B．some people have to work from home without interaction
C．some old standards can’t help out some service workers now
D．customers dismiss the old standards as unfair to themselves
61．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Tip every worker fairly in case some may keep the money to himself.
B．Writing a review online is highly recommended to express gratitude
C．The more you tip, the more those who interact directly with you will get.
D．There is no need to tip the boss because he doesn’t provide any service.
62．Which of the following people did best in tipping according to the recommended rules?
Names Situations Tips
Michael order a roast goose ($50) at Kam’s Roasts for takeout None
Susan take a delivery of a package from FedEx (bottled water, 500ml, 24-pack) None
Brittany receive a bunch of flower delivered by a Flower Plus driver $5(cash) for the gardener
Steven take an Uber ($15) from St Vincent’s Hospital to the Central Library $3(cash) for the driver
A．Michael B．Steven C．Brittany D．Susan
(C)
Many early approaches to language technology—and particularly translation—got stuck in a conceptual dead
end: the rules-based approach. In translation, this meant trying to write rules to analyze the text of a sentence in the
language of origin, breaking it down into a sort of abstract “interlanguage” and rebuilding it according to the rulesof the target language. These approaches showed early promise. But language is full of ambiguities (歧义) and
exceptions, so such systems were hugely complicated and easily broke down when tested on sentences beyond the
simple set they had been designed for.
Nearly all language technologies began to get a lot better with the application of statistical methods, often
called a “brute force” approach. This relies on software scanning vast amounts of data, looking for patterns and
learning from precedent. For example, in parsing language (breaking it down into its grammatical components), the
software learns from large bodies of text that have already been parsed by humans. It uses what it has learned to
make its best guess about a previously unseen text. In machine translation, the software scans millions of words
already translated by humans, again looking for patterns. In speech recognition, the software learns from a body of
recordings and the transcriptions made by humans.
Thanks to the growing power of processors, falling prices for data storage and, most crucially, the explosion in
available data, this approach eventually bore fruit. Mathematical techniques that had been known for decades came
into their own, and big companies with access to enormous amounts of data were ready to benefit.
The final advance, which began only about five years ago, came with the arrival of deep learning through
digital neural networks (DNNs). These are often claimed to have qualities similar to those of the human brain:
“neurons” are connected in software, and connections can become stronger or weaker in the process of learning.
But Nils Lenke, head of research for a language technology company, explains matter-of-factly that “DNNs are just
another kind of mathematical model,” the basis of which had been well understood for decades. What changed was
the hardware being used.
Almost by chance, DNN researchers discovered that the graphical processing units (GPUs) used to produce
graphics in applications like video games were also brilliant at handling neural networks. The technique has already
produced big leaps in quality for all kinds of deep learning, including decoding handwriting, recognizing faces and
classifying images. Now they are helping to improve all manner of language technologies, often bringing
enhancements of up to 30%. That has shifted language technology from usable at a pinch to really rather good. But
so far no one has quite worked out what will move it on from merely good to reliably great.
63．According to the passage, which of the following is a problem of the rules-based approach?
A．Rules are difficult to identify in some languages.
B．It is impossible to find all the rules in a language.
C．The rules are often misinterpreted by researchers.
D．There are always rules too abstract to understand.
64．________ has a part to play in enabling the “brute force” approach to gradually bear fruit?A．The increasing amount of data
B．The falling prices of scanning software
C．The availability of recordings and transcripts
D．The wider knowledge people have of language
65．Which of the following is Nils Lenke most likely to agree with about DNNs?
A．They are a big breakthrough. B．They depend more on hardware.
C．They are not innovative in nature. D．They haven’t been scientifically proved.
66．What does the writer imply about GPUs?
A．They are inferior to DNNs in their quality of deep learning.
B．They have made language technology reliably greater than ever.
C．They have achieved limited success regarding language technology.
D．They help enhance language technologies by means of image classification.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used
once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
A．Mr Sigaty was also the first to admit there was lots of work to be done to ensure the sport continued to
grow.
B．The popularity of e-sports is surprising.
C．Organized competitive gaming has become a billion-dollar industry.
D．Even the US government grants professional athlete visas to top e-sports players.
E．E-sports doesn’t fit neatly into any of the existing definitions of a sport.
F．With the launch of video streaming services, e-sports became the mainstream.
E-sports: the world’s biggest performance you’ve never heard of
Whoever said you’re wasting your life away playing video games obviously had no idea how big e-sports
were going to get.
E-sports has become huge business over the past five years, with professional video gaming tournaments
offering more prize money than some of sport’s biggest events. 67 The League of Legends championship
last year was watched by more than 27 million people when broadcast on ESPN, eclipsing the audiences for last
year’s baseball World Series (23.5 million viewers) and NBA Finals (18 million). With big popularity and big
money involved these days, more and more people across the world are considering professional gaming as a
genuine career.
While some gamers have been making a living off their skills since the late 1990s, it wasn’t until 2010’s Star-craft II that things really changed. One of the first games built with e-sports squarely as its focus, Star-craft Ii
became a true spectator sport. 68 “We knew we were building an e-sport and the competitive nature
combined with streaming coming into its own really helped catch viewership in Europe and North America.” the
game’s executive producer Chris Sigaty told an Australian news agency.
69 In Australia, the biggest challenge is basic facilities. Countries like South Korea and the USA
have high-speed broadband that allows competitors to play and practice without the limitations of Australia’s
relatively slow connection speeds. As more money is brought into the sport, it’s hoped traditional media companies
and sponsors will invest money to help bring world class facilities to Australia’s shores.
But even if that does happen - will e-sports be able to truly claim it is a “sport”?
Fans argue that e-sports have all the excitement, skill and competition of a basketball game. On top of that, e-
sports have teams, star players, sponsors and millions of dedicated fans across the world. 70 But e-sports
cannot escape the argument that it lacks the athletic aspects of other professional sports.
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Vertical farming isn’t actually a very new concept. The idea has existed since at least the 1950s. However, it
was only recently that we began to seriously explore the idea, and put it forward as a solution to the world food
crisis.
So what has vertical farming got going for it? At present, over 80 per cent of the world’s land that is suitable
for farming is already being used. In order to grow enough food to feed the nine billion people that will be living on
our planet in the middle of the 21 century, we’ll need TEN million more square kilometres of land - that’s an area
20 per cent bigger than Brazil!
The building used for vertical farming won’t take up much space because they are tail - they’re skyscrapers.
They can be built in the middle of cities, where all the people are. The food would be on people’s doorsteps, almost
literally, so transport costs are minimal. That’s great for helping to combat global warming and climate change.
Another advantage is that all food could be grown organically. The crops would need less water than
traditional ones because all the water is recycled. All the nutrients are recycled too. The only thing that actually
leaves the building is the produce, the food.
Vertical farming would create jobs too. Imagine the small businesses that would spring up around these farms
- for packaging, distribution, catering, and so on - they would employ thousands of people.
Where is it likely to happen? Who will benefit most from it? First and foremost, countries that don’t haveagriculture: cold countries, like Greenland and Iceland, and hot, desert countries, like Saudi Arabia. You would
have sealed buildings in these places with an artificial climate - artificially warm in Iceland, artificially cool in a hot
country.
The social benefits are amazing and everybody gets good, healthy food. People have reacted really well to this
idea - I think the idea is about to develop into reality.
71.__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil)
73．这两部电影的共同点是故事新颖，特效震撼，大咖云集。(What)
74．经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一新。(take on)
75．植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way)
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
76．假设你班将举行十八岁集体生日，并请每位同学准备一份生日礼物在班会上进行随机互赠。你打算赠
送什么物品？写一篇短文介绍你的礼物，内容须包括：
1. 对该物品的简要描述；
2. 你选择赠送该物品的理由。
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