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2025年秋季八年级开学摸底考试模拟卷(苏州专用)
数学·答案及评分参考
一、选择题(本题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个选项是符合题
目要求的.将唯一正确的答案填涂在答题卡上)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
D C B D A A D C
二、填空题(本题共8小题,每题3分,共24分)
9.
10.每一个内角都大于
11.
12.
13. /0.5
14.九
15.
16.5或
三、解答题(本题共11小题 ,共82分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程
或演算步骤)
17.【详解】(1)解:原式
;····················································2分
(2)解:原式
= .····················································5分
18.【详解】(1)解: ,
移项得, ,
∵ ,
∴ ;····················································2分
(2)解: ,
∵ ,∴ ,
解得, .····················································5分
19.【详解】解:(1)
,得 ,
解得 .
将 代入①,得 .
∴原方程组的解是 ····················································3分
(2)
由①,得 .
由②,得 .
原不等式组的解集是 .····················································6分
20.【详解】(1)解:设该超市采购1个 型篮球需要 元,1个 型篮球需要 元.
根据题意,得
解得 ····················································3分
答:该超市采购1个A型篮球需要30元,1个B型篮球需要65元;
(2)解:设采购 型篮球 个,则采购 型篮球 个.
根据题意,得 ,解得 ,
所以 的最大值为30.
答:最多可采购 型篮球30个.····················································6分
21.【详解】(1)解:如图, 即为所求:面积为
;····················································2分
(2)解:如上图, 即为所求;····················································4分
(3)解:如上图,直线 即为所求.····················································6分
22.【详解】(1)解:∵ ,即 ,
∴ ,即 ,
∴ , ;····················································4分
(2)解:∵ , ,
∴ ,
∴ 的算术平方根是5.····················································8分
23.【详解】(1)证明:如图所示,连接 , ,
∵ 是 的中点, ,
∴ , ,
又∵ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∵ 平分 , , ,
∴ , ,
又∵ ,
∴ ,
∴ ;····················································4分(2)解:在 和 中,
∴ ,
∴ ,
由( )得 ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∵ , ,
∴ ,
∴ .····················································8分
24.【详解】(1)解;
,
∵ ,
∴ ,
∴当 时,代数式 的最小值为 ;············································4分
(2)解:∵ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,····················································6分
∵ ,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴ 的周长 .····················································8分
25.【详解】(1)解:设 是二元一次方程 的“1系相关解”,则得 ,
解得: ,故 ;故答案为: ;····················································3分
(2)解:设 是二元一次方程的“2系相关解”,即 ;
当 时, ,解得 ;
当 时,方程组 无解;
当 时, ,解得 ;
综上,二元一次方程存在“2系相关解”的是①,③;
故答案为:①,③;····················································5分
(3)解:由题意得 ,则 .
∵ ,
∴ .
解得 .····················································8分
∴ .
∴ ,即 .····················································10分
26.【详解】(1)解:如图①, , ,
;
故答案为:15;····················································2分
(2)解:当 在 内部时,如图,
,
,
当 在 外部时,如图,;
综上所述: 与 之间的数量关系为 ,
故答案为: ;····················································4分
(3)解:由题意得: , ,
当 时,如图所示:
,
解得: ;
当 时,如图所示:
,
,
解得: ;当 时,如图所示:
、 、 三点在同一直线上,
,
解得: ;综上所述:当 与△ 的一边平行时, 或5或9.
····················································10分
27.【详解】(1)解:∵在 中, ,
∴ ,
∴ .····················································1分
分类讨论:①当点P在 上时, 不存在;②当点P在 上时,此时 ,如图,
∴ ,
∴ ;
③当点P在 上时,此时 ,如图,
∵ 的面积等于 面积的一半,
∴ ,
∴ ,
∴ .
综上可知当 或 时, 的面积等于 面积的一
半;····················································5分
(2)解:∵ ,
∴只存在两种情况:①当点P位于 ,点Q位于 上时;②当点Q位于 ,点P位于 上时.
设点Q的运动速度为 ,
①当点P位于 ,点Q位于 上时,此时 , ,如图,
∵ ,∴ , ,
∴ , ,
解得: , ,
∴此时点Q的运动速度为 ;····················································7分
②当点Q位于 ,点P位于 上时,此时 ,
,如图,
∵ ,
∴ , ,
∴ , ,
解得: , ,
∴此时点Q的运动速度为 .····················································10分
综上可知点Q的运动速度为 或 .