文档内容
UNIT 4 Adversity and Courage
三言 两语
1. 原谅和宽恕也是一种美德，尤其是在这样充满竞
1. By being devoted to what he does
no matter how boring it is, he sets a 争和压力的社会。
good example to us. It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget,especially
2. Mr Moore pays more attention to in such a competitive and stressful society.
his way of teaching, trying various 2. 通过观看与我们生活息息相关的电影，我们能够
ways to make his classes lively and
从电影里面解决问题的方法中吸取一些教训。
interesting.
By watching some movies which_are_closely
3. Not only has he displayed
_relative/connected_to_our_lives,we are able to get
courage, but also he has proved
some lessons from the ways to solve problems in the
himself to be a reliable person.
movies.
[默写识记]根据汉语释义写出单词
1. qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)
2. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配
3. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌
4. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃
5. rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
核
6. sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉没
心
7. expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队
单
8. aboard_ adv. & prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
词
9. voyage n. & vi. 航海；航行
10. genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
11. furniture n. 家具
12. recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My heart sank (sink) as I heard the news that I failed in the examination.2. (2020·江苏卷)LoveFone, a company that advocates repairing cellphones rather
than abandoning (abandon) them, opened a mini workshop in a London phone box
in 2016.
3. I'm not sure how much scholarship you will receive, but it will roughly (rough)
cover your major expenses.
4. It's said that there is a growing need for qualified (qualify) teachers of Business
English.
5. Her assignment (assign) was in eastern Peru, where she would teach primitive
little children how to read.
续表
[词汇变形]根据汉语释义写出单词及其变化形式
1. belongings n. [pl.]财物；动产→belong vi. 属于；应归于
2. cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelty n. 残忍→cruelly adv. 残酷地；
极；非常
3. fortunately adv. 幸运地→unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地→fortune n. 运
气；幸运→fortunate adj. 幸运的
4. guidance n. 指导；引导；导航→guide n. 导游 vt. 引导；带领
5. advertising n. 广告活动；广告业→advertise vt. & vi. 公布；宣传；做广告
→advertisement n. 广告
6. endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→endure v. 容忍，忍耐
拓
7. persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
展
8. enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n. 热情
单
9. loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的→loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实
词
10. motive n. 动机；原因；目的→motivation n. 动机；积极性→motivated adj.
有动机的；有积极性的
11. resolve vi. & vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困难) n. 决心；坚定的信念
→resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定
12. thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的→thoroughly adv. 完全地；极度地；
彻底地；仔细地；详尽地
13. commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→commit v. 犯(错误或罪行)；使承担义
务；做出保证；承诺；忠于→committed adj. 忠诚的；坚定的；委托的
[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their belongings when they
leave the car. Once they find something that doesn't belong to them, they willmake every effort to return it to the owner. (belong)
2. Unfortunately,the little boy got his leg badly hurt in the car accident. And he
had to drop out of school to seek his fortune in big cities. When working in a
company, he fortunately got promoted and became rich. (fortunate)
3. The little girl got motivated by the touching movie shown yesterday. So I can
say her motivation for becoming a doctor comes from the leading actor Mr Mao.
(motivate)
4. Under the guidance of our professor Mr Smith, we carried out the experiment
smoothly. It's the professor's patient and careful explanations that guided us to the
final success. (guide)
5. Advertisers are supposed to be honest about the advertisements. If you advertise
your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined. (advertise)
【教师用书独具】
1. adversity n. 困境；逆境
2. wage n. 工资
3. bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
4. vigour n. 精力；力量；活力
5. cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
6. crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群
7. stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具
8. blanket n. 毯子
9. miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的
阅
10. navy n. 海军；海军部队
读
11. decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的
单
12. cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的
词
13. selfish adj. 自私的
14. crew n. ( 轮船、飞机等上面的 ) 全体工作人员；专业团队；一群人
15. bark vi. & n. ( 狗 ) 吠叫；吠叫声
16. rugby n. 橄榄球运动
17. bat n. 球拍 ； 蝙蝠 vi. & vt. 用球板击球；挥打；拍打
18. damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
19. nephew n. 侄子；外甥
20. corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的
21. motor n. 发动机；马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动车的
22. candidate n. 候选人；应试者23. episode n. ( 人生的 ) 一段经历； ( 小说的 ) 片段；插曲
24. Confucianism n. 孔子学说；儒家 ( 学说 )
熟
词 (2020·江苏卷)And tens of millions in Africa and Asia can see because of the
生 commitment Wilson made to preventing the preventable.奉献，投入
义
高频短语 短语应用
[语境运用1]填入一个适当的词
1. If you are enthusiastic about something,
you show how much you like or enjoy it by
the way that you behave and talk.
1. turn_sb._down 拒绝(某人) 2. There is no denying that our living
2. dream_of/about 梦想着…… qualities have gone from bad to worse.
3. to_one's_surprise 令某人惊讶的是 3. If you ask someone to hold on,you are
asking them to wait for a short time.
4. turn_back 翻回到；拒绝；阻挡
4. I think there will be an invention that will
5. be_stuck_in 陷入；困于
help prevent drivers from getting stuck in
6. be_enthusiastic_about 对……充满热情
traffic jams.
7. from_bad_to_worse 每况愈下
[语境运用2]填入一个适当的词
8. hold_on 不挂断电话，等一下；继续
Tony has been dreaming 1. of working in a
9. make_fire 生火 large company since his childhood. After
10. give_off_放出(热、光、气味或气体) graduation, he set off for the big city to hunt
for a job, but 2. to_his surprise, he had been
turned 3. down almost every time because he
didn't have some relevant working
experience.
教材原句背诵 句式仿写应用
代表我们公司在此进行演讲真是一件荣幸的
1. It is/was an honour to do sth.
事情。
... it was considered a great honour to be
It_is_my_great_honour_to_give_a_speech on
part of his expeditions.
behalf of our company.
没有你真诚的帮助，我不可能度过那段困难
2. without构成的虚拟语气
Without Frank and Ernest, we'd all be 的时光。Without your sincere help, I
dead by now.
couldn't_have_gone_through that tough time.
3. if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 如果我是你，我会选择在小城镇工作。
If it weren't for sea animals, we would all If_I_were_you,_I_would_choose to work in a
starve. small town.
4. It happens that ...
Well, it so happened that one morning I 碰巧我有一个朋友在这所学校学习。
bought a newspaper and read the It_happens_that_I_have_a_friend studying in
advertisement about the Antarctic this school.
expedition.
1. envy n. & vt. 羡慕；妒忌
(1)envy sb. sth. 羡慕某人某事
(2)out of envy出于羡慕，出于嫉妒；成为……嫉妒或羡慕的目标/对象
the envy of sb. 令人羡慕的人或物
with envy羡慕地；嫉妒地
become/be the envy of... 成为……羡慕的对象
(3) envious adj. 羡慕的；嫉妒的
be envious of羡慕/嫉妒……
单句语法填空
①Learn to be truly happy for the successes of others, rather than envious (envy)．
②Being a poor girl, she looked with envy at her neighbour's beautiful necklace.
完成句子
我多么羡慕她在暑假中过得那么快乐啊！
③How I envy her the pleasures she had during the summer holidays!
他们出于忌妒才说你这些坏话。
④They say such unkind things about you out_of_envy.
2. abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃
(1)abandon doing sth. 放弃做某事
abandon oneself to doing sth. 沉湎于做某事；放纵(感情)于做某事
(2)with abandon纵情；放任地
(3)abandoned adj. 抛弃了的；废弃的；放纵的
[词块]
an abandoned farm废弃的农场abandon an animal遗弃动物
abandon himself to despair陷入绝望
单句语法填空
①(全国卷Ⅲ)These plans were_abandoned(abandon) because of financial problems.
②(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned_(abandon) bricks of
different ages.
③They abandoned carrying(carry)out the plan because of the bad weather.
句式升级
(普通表达)He abandoned himself to playing computer games and didn't pass the exam.
④(高级表达)Abandoning_himself_to_playing_computer_games，he didn't pass the exam. (现
在分词短语作状语)
⑤(高级表达)Abandoned_to_playing_computer_games，he didn't pass the exam. (过去分词短
语作状语)
3. assign vt. 分派；布置；分配
(1) assign sb. to do sth. 安排/分配某人做某事
assign sth. to sb. 把某事安排给某人
be assigned to sb./sth. 被指派；被分配给……
(2)assignment n. 作业；任务；工作
[词块]
assign me a small room 分配给我一个小房间
单句语法填空
①Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment (assign) at the office of China Daily.
②One man was assigned to_operate (operate) each section of roughly 10 jackscrews (螺旋起
重机)．
完成句子
这两间大教室分配给了我们。
③The two large classrooms have_been_assigned_to_us.
4. turn sb. down拒绝(某人)
turn in上交
turn up出现；把音量调大
turn out (to be) 结果是；证明是；原来是
turn to sb. for help求助于某人
turn off 关闭，停止
turn on打开，开启take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
如果宾语为代词，需要把代词放在turn与down之间。
单句语法填空
①(2020·江苏卷)Yet, when something new turns up,more often than not, we do not even know
its name.
②How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?
③You can always turn to your parents when you are in trouble.
词汇升级/句式升级
(普通表达) Because he didn't make full preparations for the interview, he was refused.
④(高级表达) Not_having_made_full_preparations_for_the_interview,he was turned_down.
(非谓语动词作原因状语)
5. It happens that ...
(教材原文) Well, it so happened that one morning I bought a newspaper and read the
advertisement about the Antarctic expedition. 嗯，碰巧有一天早上我买了一份报纸，看到了南极
探险的广告。
It happens that ... 意为“碰巧……”，句中it为形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的that从句。
it作形式主语的其他常见句型有：
It suddenly occurs to sb. that ... 某人突然想到……
It strikes/hits sb. that ... 某人突然想到……
[金句] It happened to me that I had been away when he called. 他打电话时，我正好不在家。
单句语法填空
①It hits (hit) him that nothing is more precious than health after he recovered from a severe
illness.
②It happened that they spent their childhood in the same village.
一句多译
他突然想到第二天上午他要参加一个重要的会议。
③It_occurred_to_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. (occur)
④It_hit_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. (hit)
⑤It_struck_him_that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. (strike)用所给词的正确形式填空
1. He received a letter saying that his application(apply) had been rejected, which made him
very upset.
2. Unfortunately (fortunate), it's a pity that not all the athletes were able to take part in the
Olympic Games during that time.
3. Abandoned to playing (play) computer games，Wang Ping has fallen behind the other
students in his studies.
4. To pay for training and equipment, he has sold his house and most of his belongings
(belonging).
5. Each piece of furniture (furnish) in their home suited the style of the house.
在空白处填入一个适当的词
1. He tried to join the army but was turned down because of the poor health.
2. Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.
3. Mr Perczel came up with the idea under the guidance of Professor Ulf Leonhardt.
4. Our country has sent several parties of people on an expedition to Antarctica.
5. What beautiful furniture you have got in your apartment! I am green with envy.
查缺补漏
1. To be a champion of women's rights requires great courage and perseverance (persevere)．
2. TV takes the place of similar sorts of recreation(recreate), such as listening to the radio and
playing sports.
3. It happened that she was out when we called.
4. Tom was very enthusiastic (enthusiasm) about the place the writer mentioned in his article.
5. If plastic and rubber are burnt, they'll give off poisonous gases.
【教师用书独具】
单元话题语篇练
Adversity can beat you down, 1. but/yet probably it also has the ability to make you stronger.
The impact and ultimate result depend on 2. what you do with the difficulties that come in your way.
Beethoven composed one of his 3. greatest (great) works after going deaf. Sir Walter Raleigh
wrote The History of the World during his thirteenyear imprisonment. Had Columbus turned back, no
one could 4. have_blamed (blame) him. Of course, no one would have remembered 5. him (he),
either. Abraham Lincoln made great achievements by his display of wisdom during the Civil War.
Eventually, consider a more recent example. For sixteen years, Mary GrodaLewis had a
difficult time in recognising and comprehending the written words on account of a learning disorder.She 6. was_put_ (put) in prison on two different occasions and almost died of a stroke when 7.
bearing (bear) a child. Committed to going to college, she did a variety of odd jobs to save money.
When she graduated from high school at eighteen, she was considered as an outstanding student and
finally entered college 8. successfully (success). Determined to become a doctor, she received many
medical school 9. rejections (reject) before Albany Medical College finally accepted her. In 1984, Dr
Mary GrodaLewis, 10. who was thirtyfive years old then, graduated with honours and realised her
dream.
单元话题写作练
1. 补全要点句(黑体部分请使用本单元所学词汇)
①我们都知道，逆境可以使人成长，而痛苦的经历可以使人变得更加成熟。
As we all know, adversity can make people grow, while bitter and painful experiences can
make people become more mature.
②上个月，玛丽和彼得计划去探险。
Last month, Mary and Peter planned an expedition.
③尽管他们的父母拒绝了他们的要求，他们还是偷偷地去了。
Although their parents refused their request, they still went secretly.
④他们对这次探险充满热情。
They were enthusiastic about the expedition.
⑤他们想乘船去一个荒岛，但在途中遇到了风暴，船几乎沉没。
They wanted to go to an abandoned island by boat, but on the way they met a storm and the
boat almost sank.
⑥幸运的是，他们终于成功了。
Fortunately,they succeeded finally.
⑦他们走进了森林。
They went into the forest.
⑧他们必须自己做饭，睡在森林里的树上。
They had to cook for themselves and sleep in trees in the forest.
⑨他们没有享受舒适的床，美味的食物和美妙的闲暇时光，而是经历了一段痛苦的旅程。
Instead of enjoying cosy beds, delicious food and wonderful leisure time, they went through a
miserable journey.
⑩他们的毅力给同学们留下了深刻的印象。
Their perseverance impressed their classmates deeply.
2. 升级平淡句
用where引导的非限制性定语从句合并1中句⑦和句⑧
They_went_into_the_forest,_where_they_had_to_cook_for_themselves_and_
sleep_in_trees.3. 衔接成文
As we all know, adversity can make people grow, while bitter and painful experiences can
make people become more mature. Last month, Mary and Peter planned an expedition. Although
their parents refused their request, they still went secretly. They were enthusiastic about the
expedition. First they wanted to go to an abandoned island by boat, but on the way they met a storm
and the boat almost sank. Fortunately, they succeeded finally. Then, they went into the forest, where
they had to cook for themselves and sleep in trees. Instead of enjoying cozy beds, delicious food and
wonderful leisure time, they went through a miserable journey. Their perseverance impressed their
classmates deeply.
