文档内容
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年年12
1
月
2
月大大学学英英语语四四级级考考试试真真题题（（第第1
1
套套））
PartI Writing
(30minutes)
Part I Writing (30minutes)
Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You
should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.
should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
Part II
Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three
questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
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a single line through the centre.
a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
11..A A)L)a Lnda nad sap sapcaec ev evheihcilcele oonn tthhee mmoooonn iinn 22001199..
B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.
B) Design a new generation of mobile phones.
C)C )S Sete t uupp aa mmoobbiillee pphhoonnee nneettwwoorrkk oonn tthhee m moooonn..
D)DG)a tGhaetrh edra tdaa taf rformo mt hteh em mooono wni wthi tha at tiinnyy ddeevviiccee..
2.
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C)C )I tI t iiss iinneexxppeennssiivvee.. D)D I) tI ti iss ssoopphhiissttiiccaatteedd..
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3.3A. )AIt) Ilt alsatsetedd m moroer et thhaann s siixx hhoouurrss..
B)B )N oN oin ijnujruireiess wwereer ey yeett rreeppoorrtteedd..
C)C )N oNboobdyo dwya sw aisn itnh teh eb ubiulidlidning gw whehne ni ti t bbrrookkee oouutt..
D)DI)t Iht ahda dbu brunernd efdo rfo 4r 54 5mi mnuitneust ebsy btyh eth tei tmiem fei frierfeifgighhteterrss aarrrriivveedd..
4.4A. )ARe) cRrueictru aitn da ntdr atriani nm omreo rfei frierefifigghhtteerrss..
B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.
B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.
C)CT)u rTnu rtnh teh es hsohpoppipnign gm amlall li innttoo aann aammuusseemmenetn t ppaarrkk..
D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.
D) Find money to renovate the local neighborhood.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. 5 A . ) A ) S h S r h i r n i k n i k n in g g p p o o ta ta t t o o f fa a r r m mi in ng g . . B)B )H eHaevayv yre rleiliaannccee oonn iimmppoorrtt..
C)C )W Widiedsepsrperaeda dp lpalnatn t ddiisseeaassee.. D)D I) nIsnusfuffifcicieiennt t ppoottaattoo ssuuppppllyy..
6.
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B)BI)t Itw awnatnst st oto eexxppaannd di ittss oowwnn ffaarrmmiinngg..
C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.
C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.
D)D )I tI t iiss wwoorrrriieedd aabboouutt uunnffaaiirr ccoommppeettiittiioonn..
7
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C) Government regulation. D) Diminishing investment.
C) Government regulation. D) Diminishing investment.
Section B
Section B
Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four
Directions：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four
questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
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with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
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C)Dull. D) Shallow.
C) Dull. D) Shallow.
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D She takes notes.
C) She takes photos.
C) She takes photos. D) She takes notes.
1 1 0 0 .A . ) A I ) t It k e k e e p e s p s h h e e r r m m in in d d a a c c t t i iv v e e . . B)B )I Itt mmaakkeess hheerr ssttaayy aawwaakkee..
C) It enables her to think hard. D) It helps her kill time.
C) It enables her to think hard. D) It helps her kill time.
1111.A. )A )I tI t eennaabbleless hheerr ttoo iimmpprroovvee hheerr pprroonnuunncciiaattiioonn..
B)BI)t Ith ehleplps sh heerr bbeetttteerr rermemeemmbbeerr wwhhaatt sshhee lleeaarmnss..
C)It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.
C) It turns out to be an enjoyable way of learning.
D)DI)t Ipt rporvoevs etso t ob eb ef afra rm moroer ee feffefcetcitivvee tthhaann wwrirtitiinngg..
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1122.. AA)) TToo ssppeenndd hheerr h hoonneeyymmoooonn..
B) To try authentic Indian food.
B) To try authentic Indian food.
C)C )T oT ot atakke ep phhotootos so off tthhee TTaajj MMaahhaall..
D)DT)o Ttor atcrea cteh eth eor oirgiigni no fo fa a lloovvee ssttoorryy..
1
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BB) )I Inn hhoonnoro ro off aa ggrreeaatt eemmppeerroorr..
C)To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.
C) To mark the death of an emperor of the 1600s.
D)DTo) Tcoel ceebrleabtera tteh et hbei rbtirht ho fo fa ap pririnncceessss'’ss 1144tthh cchhiilldd..
1144.A. )AI)t Itl olookosk so oldldeerr tthhaann eexxppeecctteedd..
B)B )I tIt iiss bbuuiilltt o of fw woooodd aanndd bbrriicckkss..
C)It stores lots of priceless antiques.
C) It stores lots of priceless antiques.
D)DI)t Iht ahsa sw awlallsl sd deeccooraratetedd wwitithh jjeewweellss..
15
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B)B )T Thehye ya arree mmoossttllyy ccrroowwddeedd..
C)CE)a Echa cohn eo nhea sh aas au nuinqiuqeu ec hcahraarcatceterr..
D)D L) iLfief ec acna nb be et teeddiioouuss iinn ssoommee ppllaacceess..
Section C
Section C
Directions:In this section, you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will
hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only
hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only
once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
chcohiociecse sm marakrekde dA A),) , BB),), CC)),, DD)).. TThheenn mmaarrkk tthhee ccoorrrersepsoponnddiningg l eltetetrt eorn oAnn Asnwsweerr
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Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
1166.A. )AT)h eTyh ehyel hpe lspp rseparde atdh eth el altaetesstt tteecchhnnoollooggyy..
B) They greatly enrich people's leisure life.
B) They greatly enrich people’s leisure life.
C) They provide residents with the resources needed.
C) They provide residents with the resources needed.
D)D )T hTehy eayl alollwo wfr feree ea caccecsess st oto d diiggiittaall bbooookkss aanndd vviiddeeooss..
1
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B)By inspiring their creativity.
B) By inspiring their creativity.
C)C )B yB yke keepeipngin tgh tehme mof fo ftf hteh es sttrreeeettss..
D)By providing a place of relaxation.
D) By providing a place of relaxation.
1
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BB)T)h eTyh euyse uds eldib lriabrriaersie sl elsess so offtteenn tthhaann tteeeennaaggeerrss..
C)CTh) eTyh teeyn dteend dteod vtois viits ilt ilbibrarrairieess rreegguullaarrllyy..D) Their number increased modestly.
D) Their number increased modestly.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you havejust heard.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
119.9A. )AIt) Iits i st hthe ec clleevvereerests t ccaatt iinn tthhee wwoorrlldd..
B)B I)t I ti iss tthhee llaarrggeesstt ccaatt iinn AAffrriiccaa..
C) It is an unusual cross breed.
C) It is an unusual cross breed.
D)D I) tI ti iss aa llaarrggee--ssiizzeedd wwiilldd ccaatt..
20.A) They are as loyal as dogs.
20. A) They are as loyal as dogs.
B) They have unusually long tails.
B) They have unusually long tails.
C)C )T hTehye yar aer ef ofnodn do fo fs lsleeeeppiningg i inn ccaabbiinneettss..
D)They know how to please their owners.
D) They know how to please their owners.
2211.A. )AT)h Teyh esyh askhea kteh tehieri rf frroonntt ppaawwss..
B) They teach them to dive.
B) They teach them to dive.
C) They shower with them.
C) They shower with them.
D) They shout at them.
D) They shout at them.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you havejust heard.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
222.2A. )A )A Anxnixoiuosu sa anndd d deepprreesssseedd..
B) Contented and relieved.
B) Contented and relieved.
C)C )E Excxictietedd bbuutt ssoommeewwhhaatt ssaadd..
DD) )P rPoruodu db ubtu ta a b biitt nneerrvvoouuss..
2233.A. )AI)t Iti sis bbeeccoomminign gp paraerenntsts'’b biiggggeesstt ccoonncceerrnn..
B)BI)t Iit si sg gaianinining gi innccrreeaasisningg p pubulbilcic a atttteennttiioonn..
C)CIt) Iit si sd depeepnednsd so no nt htehieri r ppaarreenntsts ffoorr ssuucccceessss..
DD)I)t Its tsatarrttss tthhee mmoommenetn tt thheeyy aarree bboorrnn..
24
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B)Read books and magazines to them.
B) Read books and magazines to them.
C)CH)e lHpe ltph ethme mto tol eleaarrnn bbyy tthheemmsseellvveess..
D)Choose the right school for them.
D) Choose the right school for them.
25
2
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5
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B) Their home life.
B) Their home life.
C)The effort they put in leaming.
C) The effort they put in learning.
D)DT)h eT hqeu aqluiatlyi tyof o ft htheierir sscchhooooll..
Part Ⅲ
Part Ⅲ R R ea ea d d i i n n g g C Co o m m p p r r e e h h e e n n s s i io o n n ( 4 ( 0 4 0 m m i i n n u u t t e es s ) )
Section A
Section A
Directions: In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list
of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.
of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.
Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2
Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2
with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.MMillililoionsn sd dieie e eaarrllyy ffrroomm a aiirr ppoolllluuttiioonn eeaacchh yyeeaarr.. AAiirr ppoolllluuttiioonn ccoossttss ththee g glolobbaall e ceoconnoommyy mmoroer et hthana n$ 5$ 5t rtriilllliioonn aannnnuuaallllyy iinn
welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world.
welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world.
The figures include a number of costs 27 with air pollution.Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.
The figures include a number of costs 27 with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year.
The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution.Indoor pollution, which includes 28 like home heating and
The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28 like home heating and
cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have
cooking, has remained 29 over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have
grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation.
Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30 it as an"urgent call to action."One of the risk
Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray 30 it as an “urgent call to action.”“One of the risk
factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31,"he said.
factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little 31 ,”he said.
The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32nearly 1?
The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32 nearly 1% of
GDP.Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they 33 experience dangerous levels
GDP. Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle-income countries live in places where they 33 experience dangerous levels
of outdoor air pollution.
of outdoor air pollution.
But the problem is not limited34 to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S.as a result of related
But the problem is not limited 34 to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related
iillllnneesssseess.. InIn m maannyy EEuurrooppeeaann ccoouuntnrtriieess，, w whheerree ddieiesesle(l柴（油柴)油 3）5 3h5a vhaev eb ebceocmomee mmoorree ccoommmmono ni ni nr erceecnetn ty yeaerasrs，, ththaat tn unmumbbeerr
reaches tens of thousands.
reaches tens of thousands.
A) ability K) regularly
A) ability K) regularly
B)associated L) relates
B) associated L) relates
C) consciously M) sources
C) consciously M) sources
D) constant N) undermine
D) constant N) undermine
E) E ) c c o o n n t t r ro o l l O )O )v veehhiicclleess
F) damage
F) damage
G) described
G) described
H) equals
H) equals
I exctusively
I) exclusively
J)innovated
J) innovated
Section B
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains
information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a
information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a
paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding
paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2.
letter on Answer Sheet 2.
F
F
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d
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[A] Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph's market in Huntington Beach, California,
[A] Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph’s market in Huntington Beach, California,
wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food.On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the
wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food. On one recent day, this doctor was Daniel Nadeau, wandering the
cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy.
cereal aisle with Allison Scott, giving her some idea on how to feed kids who persistently avoid anything that is healthy.
"Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?"he asks her."The frozen oranges and apples are a little
“Have you thought about trying fresh juices in the morning?” he asks her. “The frozen oranges and apples are a little
cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the
cheaper, and fruits are really good for the brain. Juices are quick and easy to prepare, you can take the frozen fruit out the
night before and have it ready the next morning.""
night before and have it ready the next morning.”
[B[B] ]S cSoctott t iiss ddeelliigghhtteedd ttoo ggeet tf ofoodod a davdviciec ef rformom a ap hphyyssiciicaina nw whhoo iis sp rporgograrmam ddiirreecctotor ro fo fth teh nee naerbaryb My Maaryry a nandd D Diicckk AAlllleenn
Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center's 'Shop with Your Doc'program sends doctors to
Diabetes Center, part of the St. Joseph Hoag Health alliance. The center’s ‘Shop with Your Doc’ program sends doctors to
the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around
the grocery store to meet with any patients who sign up for the service, plus any other shoppers who happen to be around
with questions.
with questions.
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switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese."So I'd have to make it?"she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of
switch to whole grain macaroni and real cheese. “So I’d have to make it?”she asks, her enthusiasm fading at the thought of
how long that might take,just to have her kids reject it. "I'm not sure they'd eat it. They just won't eat it."
how long that might take, just to have her kids reject it. “I’m not sure they’d eat it. They just won’t eat it.”[[DD] ]N aNdaedaeua usa yssa yssu gsaurg aarn da npdr opcreoscseesds efdo ofdoso dasr ea rbei gb icgo nctornitbruibtourtosr st ot ot hteh er irsisiinngg ddiiaabbeetteess rraatteess aammoonngg cchhiillddrreenn.. “"IInn
America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,"Nadeau tells her."And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based
America, over 50 percent of our food is processed food,” Nadeau tells her. “And only 5 percent of our food is plant-based
ffooodo.d .I I tthhiinnkk wwee s shhouoludl dt rtryy ttoo rreevveerrssee tthhaatt..”" SSccootttt aaggrreeeess ttoo ttrryy mmoorree ffrruuiitt jujuiciecse sf ofro rth teh ke idkisd asn adn dto t mo amkakee r eraela lm maaccaarroonnii aanndd
cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.
cheese. Score one point for the doctor, zero for diabetes.
[E] Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been
[E] Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California. The food-as-medicine movement has been
around for decades, but it's making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment.
around for decades, but it’s making progress as physicians and medical institutions make food a formal part of treatment,
raratthheerr tthhaann rreellyyiinngg ssoolleellyy oonn mmeeddiiccaattiioonnss （(药药物物)）. .BByy pprreessccrribibinigng n nuutrtirtiiotnioanl aclh acnhganegse os r olra ulnacuhnicnhgi npgr opgroragmrasm ss uscuhc ha sa s‘'SShhoopp
with your Doc', they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat."There's no question
with your Doc’, they are trying to prevent, limit or even reverse disease by changing what patients eat. “There’s no question
people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure,even preventing cancer by food
people can take things a long way toward reversing diabetes, reversing high blood pressure, even preventing cancer by food
choices,"Nadeau says.
choices,” Nadeau says.
[[FF]]I nI nt hthe eb bigig ppiiccttuurree,, ssaayyss DDrr.. RRiicchhaarrdd AAffaabbllee,, CCEEOO aanndd pprreessiiddeenntt ooff SSTT..J Joosesepph hH oHaoga gHe Haletahl,th m, emdiecdailc ail nisntsittituuttiioonnss
acarcorosss s ththee ssttaattee aarree ssttaarrttiningg toto mmaakkee aa pphhiilloossoopphhiiccaall sswwiittcchh ttoo bbeeccoomminign ga ah ehaelatlht ho rogragnainziaztaitoionn, , nnoot t jjuusstt aa hheeaalltthh ccaarree
organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General
organization. That feeling echoes the beliefs of the Therapeutic Food Pantry program at Zuckerberg San Francisco General
Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city.
Hospital, which completed its pilot phase and is about to expand on an ongoing basis to five clinic sites throughout the city.
The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition,along with intensive training in how to
The program will offer patients several bags of food prescribed for their condition, along with intensive training in how to
cook it."We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,"says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital's
cook it. “We really want to link food and medicine, and not just give away food,” says Dr. Rita Nguyen, the hospital’s
medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. "We want people to understand what they're eating, how to prepare it, the role
medical director of Healthy Food Initiatives. “We want people to understand what they’re eating, how to prepare it, the role
food plays in their lives."
food plays in their lives.”
[[GG] ]I nIn S Souotuhtehrenr nC aClaifliofronrinai,a , LLomoam Lai nLdian dUan iUvenrisvietrys itSyc hSocohl ooofl oMef dMiceidneic iinse oifsf eorfifenrgi nsgp escpieacliiazleidz etdr atrianiinnign gf ofro ri titss rreessiiddeenntt
physicians in Lifestyle Medicine— that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly
physicians in Lifestyle Medicine — that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease. Research findings increasingly
show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that
show the power of food to treat or reverse diseases, but that does not mean that diet alone is always the solution, or that
every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data
every illness can benefit substantially from dietary changes. Nonetheless, physicians say that they look at the collective data
and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation's high
and a clear picture emerges: that the salt, sugar, fat and processed foods in the American diet contribute to the nation’s high
rates of obesity,diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart
rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. According to the World Health Organization, 80 percent of deaths from heart
disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and
disease and stroke are caused by high blood pressure, tobacco use, elevated cholesterol and low consumption of fruits and
vegetables.
vegetables.
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preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is
preventive medicine residency program at Loma Linda University School of Medicine. The lifestyle medicine specialty is
designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients'nutritional habits. The medical
designed to train doctors in how to prevent and treat disease, in part, by changing patients’ nutritional habits. The medical
center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about
center and school at Loma Linda also has a food cupboard and kitchen for patients. This way, patients not only learn about
which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.
which foods to buy, but also how to prepare them at home.
[] Many people don't know how to cook, Rea says,and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending
[I] Many people don’t know how to cook, Rea says, and they only know how to heat things up. That means depending
on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare
on packaged food with high salt and sugar content. So teaching people about which foods are healthy and how to prepare
them, she says, can actually transform a patient's life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that
them, she says, can actually transform a patient’s life. And beyond that, it might transform the health and lives of that
patient's family."What people eat can be medicine or poison,"Rea says."As a physician, nutrition is one of the most
patient’s family. “What people eat can be medicine or poison,” Rea says. “As a physician, nutrition is one of the most
powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease.
powerful things you can change to reverse the effects of long-term disease.”
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inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet —particularly for
inhospitable to cancer cells. In general, many lifestyle medicine physicians recommend a plant-based diet — particularly for
people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.
people with diabetes or other inflammatory conditions.
[K]"As what happened with tobacco,this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen," says Nguyen."In the same
[K] “As what happened with tobacco, this will require a cultural shift, but that can happen,” says Nguyen. “In the same
way physicians used to smoke,and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can
way physicians used to smoke, and then stopped smoking and were able to talk to patients about it, I think physicians can
have a bigger voice in it."
have a bigger voice in it.”
36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.
36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.
37.There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.
37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.
38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.
39.A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.
39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.
40.Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.
40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.
41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.
41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.
42.Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.
42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself, thinking it would simply be a waste of time.
43.Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.
43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.
44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.
44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea, but the movement is making headway these days.
45.Americans'high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.
45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.
Section C
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For
each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Passage One
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
Questions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.
California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds
California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds
of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New
of miles to their distribution system. The problem is growing as the population of the state continues to expand. New
research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous dilling of wells
research has found deep water reserves under the state which could help solve their drought crisis. Previous drilling of wells
cocuoludl do nolny lyr eraecahc hde dptehpst hosf o1f， 10,0000 0f efeete，t, bbuutt dduuee ttoo n neeww ppuummpipnign gp rparcatcitciecse，s, wwaatteerr ddeeeeppeerr tthhaann tthhiiss ccaann nnooww b be ee extxrtraacctetedd（ (抽抽取取）)..
TTheh et etaema mat a tS tSatnafnofrodr di ninvevsetsitgigaatteedd tthhee aaqquuiiffeerrss（(地地下下蓄蓄水水层层）)bbeellooww tthhiiss ddeepptthh aanndd ffoouunndd tthhaatt rreesseerrvveess mmaayy bbee ttrriipplele w whhaatt wwaass
previously thought.
previously thought.
It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it
It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it
become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which
become profitable to pump water from this depth. The aquifers range from 1,000 to 3,000 feet below the ground, which
means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this
means that pumping will be expensive and there are other concerns. The biggest concern of pumping out water from this
deep in the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the
deep in the gradual settling down of the land surface. As the water is pumped out, the vacant space left is compacted by the
weight of the earth above.
weight of the earth above.
EEvevne nth tohuoguh gphu mppuimngp finrogm frtohmes et hdeespet hdse pisth se xipse nesxipveen，s iviet , iist isst sitlilll cchheeaappere rt thhaann d deseaslailninaatitinngg（(脱脱盐盐）)tthhee oocceeaann wwaatteerr iinn tthhee
largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs.
largely coastal state. Some desalination plants exist where feasible, but they are costly to run and can need constant repairs.
Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater,and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to
Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to
their severe water shortage.
their severe water shortage.
One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This
One problem with these sources is that the deep water also has a higher level of salt than shallower aquifers. This
means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the
means that some wells may even need to undergo desalination after extraction, thus increasing the cost. Research from the
exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves
exhaustive study of groundwater from over 950 drilling logs has just been published. New estimates of the water reserves
now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
now go up to 2,700 billion cubic meters of freshwater.
46.How could California's drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?
46.How could California’s drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?
AA) )B By yb ubiulidldiinngg mmoroer er reesseerrvveess ooff ggrroouunnddwwaatteerr..
BB)B)y B dyr adwrianwgi nwga twera tefrr ofmro tmh et hdee dptehpst hosf o ft hthe ee eaarrtthh..
C)CB)y B dye vdeelvoeplionpgi nmgo mreo raed vaadnvcaendc eddr idlrlililningg d deevviicceess..
D) By upgrading its water distribution system.
D) By upgrading its water distribution system.
47.What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?
47.What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?
AA)I)t I tw wasa sd edeemeemd evdi tvailta lt oto ssoollvviinngg tthhee wwaatteerr pprroobblleemm..B) It was not considered worth the expense.
B) It was not considered worth the expense.
C) It may not provide quality freshwater.
C) It may not provide quality freshwater.
D)DI)t Iit si sb boounudn dt ot og gaianin s suupppoprotr tf frroomm t hthe el looccaall ppeeooppllee..
48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
AA)T)h Te hsei nskinikngin gof o fl alandn ds usurfrfaaccee.. CC)) TThhee ddaammagaeg et ot oa aqquiufifeerrss..
B)The harm to the ecosystem. D)The change of the climate.
B) The harm to the ecosystem. D) The change of the climate.
49.What does the author say about deep wells?
49. What does the author say about deep wells?
A) They run without any need for repairs.
A) They run without any need for repairs.
B)BT)h eTyh eayre a reen teinrteirleyl yf rfereee f frroomm p pololluluttaannttss..
C)C )T hTehy eayr ae ret hteh eu lutlitimmataet es sooluluttiioonn ttoo ddrroouugghhttss..
D)D )T hTehye ypr porvoivdeid ea as tseteaaddy ys suuppplpyly o off ffrreesshhwwaatteerr..
50.What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?
50. What may happen when deep aquifers are used as water sources?
AA) )P Peoepolpel'es’ sh heeaalltthh mmaayy iimmpprorovev ew witihth c clleeaanneerr wwaatteerr..
B)B )P ePoepolpe'les’ sw awtaetre rb bililllss mmaayy bbee lloowweerreedd ccoonnssiiddeerraabbllyy..
C)C )T hTeh ec ocsots tm maya yg og ou pu pd udeu et ot od deseaslailinnaattiioonn..
D)D )T hTehye ym amy abye beex ehxauhsatuesdte sdo soonoenr eor ro rl alatteerr..
Passage Two
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
The AlphaGo program's victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
The AlphaGo program’s victory is an example of how smart computers have become.
But can artificial intelligence(AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
But can artificial intelligence (AI) machines act ethically, meaning can they be honest and fair?
One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can
One example of AI is driverless cars. They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can
program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than
program a machine to act ethically. As driverless cars improve, they will save lives. They will make fewer mistakes than
human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid
human drivers do. Sometimes, however, they will face a choice between lives. Should the cars be programmed to avoid
hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to
hitting a child running across the road, even if that will put their passengers at risk? What about making a sudden turn to
avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
avoid a dog? What if the only risk is damage to the car itself, not to the passengers?
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to
Perhaps there will be lessons to learn from driverless cars, but they are not super-intelligent beings. Teaching ethics to
a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.
About the same time as AlphaGo's triumph, Microsoft's 'chatbot'took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was
About the same time as AlphaGo’s triumph, Microsoft’s ‘chatbot’ took a bad turn. The software, named Taylor, was
designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she
designed to answer messages from people aged 18-24. Taylor was supposed to be able to learn from the messages she
received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor
received. She was designed to slowly improve her ability to handle conversations, but some people were teaching Taylor
racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler,Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
racist ideas. When she started saying nice things about Hitler, Microsoft turned her off and deleted her ugliest messages.
AlphaGo's victory and Taylor's defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing
AlphaGo’s victory and Taylor’s defeat happened at about the same time. This should be a warning to us. It is one thing
to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The
to use AI within a game with clear rules and clear goals. It is something very different to use AI in the real world. The
unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.
unpredictability of the real world may bring to the surface a troubling software problem.
Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which own AlphoGo.He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said
Eric Schmidt is one of the bosses of Google, which own AlphoGo. He thinks AI will be positive for humans. He said
people will be the winer, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and"just
people will be the winner, whatever the outcome. Advances in AI will make human beings smarter, more able and “just
better human beings."
better human beings.”51.What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo's victory?
51.What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo’s victory?
AA)C)oCmopmutpeurtse rwsi wlli llp prerevvaialil oovveerr hhuummaann bbeeiinnggss..
BB)C)oCmopmutpeurtse rhs ahvaev eu numnamtcahtcehde dpo ptoetnetnitaiall..
C)CC)oCmpoumteprust earrs ea rmea mn'asn ’pso tpeontteinatlia lr irivvaallss..
DD)C)oCmopumtpeurste rcsa nc abne bceocmeo mhei ghhilgyh liyn tinetlelliliggeenntt..
52.What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?
52.What does the author mean by AI machines acting ethically?
AA)T)hTehy eayr ea reca cpaapblaeb loef o pf rperdeidcitcitnign gp opsossisbilbel er riisskkss..
B)They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.
B)They weigh the gains and losses before reaching a decision.
C)They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
C)They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
D)DT)hTeyh esya csraicfriifciec ee evvereyryththiinngg ttoo ssaavvee hhuummaan nl liivveess..
53.What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?
53.What is said to be the bigger challenge facing humans in the AI age?
A)How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.
A)How to make super-intelligent AI machines share human feelings.
B)BH)oHw otwo teon seunrseu rteh atth astu spuepr-eirn-itnetlelliliggeennt t AAI I mmacahcihniense sa catc te eththiiccaallllyy..
C)CH)oHwo two top rperveevnetn tA AI Im macahcihniense s ddooiinngg hhaarrmm ttoo hhuummaannss..
D)DH)oHw otwo toav aoviodi db ebiening go ovveerr--ddeeppeennddeennt t oonn AAII mmaacchhiinneess..
54.What do we learn about Microsoft's "chatbot"Taylor?
54.What do we learn about Microsoft’s “chatbot” Taylor?
AA)S)hSeh ec ocuoludl dn onto td diissttiinngguuiisshh ggoooodd ffrroomm bbaadd..
B)She could turn herself off when necessary.
B)She could turn herself off when necessary.
C)CS)hSeh ewa ws anso nt omt amdea dteo toha hnadnled len onvoevl esl istiutuaattiioonnss..
D)She was good at performing routine tasks.
D)She was good at performing routine tasks.
55.What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?
55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?
A) It will be far superior to human beings.
A) It will be far superior to human beings.
B)BI)t Itw iwlill l kkeeeepp iimmpprorovviningg a ass ttiimmee ggooeess bbyy..
C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
C) It will prove to be an asset to human beings.
D)D )I tI t wwililll bbee hheerree ttoo sstatyay w whhaatteevveerr ththee o ouutctcoommee..
Part NV
Translation
Part Ⅳ Translation ( 3 (3 0 0 m m i i n n u u t t e e s s ) )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write
your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。
由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。
他他们们现现在在经经常常智智能能手手机机上上看看新新闻闻和和文文章章，，而而不不买买传传统统报报刊刊。。大大量量移移动动应应用用程程序序的的开开发发使使人人们们能能用用手手机机读读小小说说和和其其他他
形形式式的的文文学学作作品品。。因因此此，，纸纸质质书书籍籍的的销销售售受受到到了了影影响响。。但但调调查查显显示示，，尽尽管管能能手手机机阅阅读读市市场场稳稳步步增增长长，，超超半半数数成成年年人人
仍仍喜喜欢欢读读纸纸质质书书。。
