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2019年6月英语六级考试试题第3套
2019年6月英语六级考试试题第3套
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
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Part III
Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Part III Reading Comprehension (4 0 minutes)
Section A
Section A
Directions:In ths section,there is apassagewih ten blanks.You are required to select one wordfor
Directions : In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for
each bank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Red the
each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the
passage through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank isidentified
passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified
by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letterfor each item on Answer Sheet 2with a
by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than
onsicnegl.e line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than
once.
Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel 26_ become
Steel is valued for its reliability, but not when it gets cold. Most forms of steel 26 become
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though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists 27 at much lower temperatures,
though, a novel type of steel has been developed that resists 27 at much lower temperatures,
while remaining its strength and toughness—without the need for expensive 28
while remaining its strength and toughness-without the need for expensive 28
Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War.
Steel's fragility at low temperatures first became a major concern during the Second World War.
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and-cheerful"Liberty ships"was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the
and-cheerful "Liberty ships" was introduced to replace the lost vessels, providing a lifeline for the
29_ British.But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships 30 in the icy north Atlantic,and 12
29 British. But the steel shells of hundreds of the ships 30 in the icy north Atlantic, and 12
broke in half and sank.
broke in half and sank.
Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs
Brittleness remains a problem when building steel structures in cold conditions, such as oil rigs
in the Arctic. So scientists have 31 to find a solution by mixing it with expensivemetals such as
in the Arctic. So scientists have 31 to find a solution by mixing it with expensive metals such as
nickel.
nickel.
Yuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical 32. Rather than adding other
Yuuji Kimura and colleagues in Japan tried a more physical 32 . Rather than adding other
metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe
metals, they developed a complex mechanical process involving repeated heating and very severe
mechanical deformation, known as tempforming.
mechanical deformation, known as tempforrning.
The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is _33 to
The resulting steel appears to achieve a combination of strength and toughness that is 33 to
that of modern steels that are very rich in alloy content and,therefore, very expensive
that of modem steels that are very rich in alloy content and, therefore, very expensive.
Kimura's team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as
Kimura's team intends to use its tempformed steel to make ultra-high strength parts, such as
bolts.They hope to reduce both the number of 34_ needed in a construction job and their
bolts. They hope to reduce both the number of 34 needed in a construction job and their
weight—by replacing solid supports with 35 tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount
weight-by replacing solid supports with 35 tubes, for example. This could reduce the amount
of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges.
of steel needed to make everything from automobiles to buildings and bridges.
第 1/8页
第 1／8页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室A) abruply ) cracked
A) abruptly I) cracked
B) addives J) fractures
B) additives J) fractures
C) approach K) hollow
C) approach hollow
K)
D) ardently L) eleant
D) ardently L) relevant
E) eieged M) reshuftled
E) besieged M) reshuffied
F) chanel N) strived
F) channel N) strived
G) comparable O) violent
G) comparable 0) violent
H) components
H) components
Section B
Section B
Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statemens aached to it.Each
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each
statement contains information gien in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from
statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each
paragraph is marked withaleter.Answer the quetions by marking the corresponding letter
paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 2.
on Answer Sheet 2.
The future of personal satellite technology is here—are we ready for it?
The future of personal satellite technology is here-are we ready for it?
[A] Satelites used to be the exclusive playthings of rich goverments and wealthy corporations.But
[A] Satellites used to be the exclusive playthings of rich governments and wealthy corporations. But
increasingly, as space becomes more democratized,they are coming within reach of ordinary
increasingly, as space becomes more democratized, they are coming within reach of ordinary
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transform our conceptions of who gets to do what up above our heads.
transform our conceptions of who gets to do what up above our heads.
[B] As a recent report from the National Academy of Sciences highlights, these satellites hold
[B] As a recent report from the National Academy of Sciences highlights, these satellites hold
tremendous potential for making satellite-based science more accessible than ever before. However,
tremendous potential for making satellite-based science more accessible than ever before. However,
as the cost of getting your own stellte in orbit drops sharply, the risks of irresponsible use grow.
as the cost of getting your own satellite in orbit drops sharply, the risks of irresponsible use grow.
The question here is no longer"Can we?"but"Should we?"What are the potential downsides
The question here is no longer "Can we?" but "Should we?" What are the potential downsides
of having a slice of space densely populated by equipment built by people not traditionally
of having a slice of space densely populated by equipment built by people not traditionally
labeled as"professionals"? And what would the responsible and beneficial development and use
labeled as "professionals"? And what would the responsible and beneficial development and use
of this technology actually look like? Some of the answers may come from a nonprofit
of this technology actually look like? Some of the answers may come from a nonprofit
organization that has been building and launching amateur satellites for nearly 50 years.
organization that has been building and launching amateur satellites for nearly 50 years.
[C] Having your personal satellite launched into orbit might sound like an idea straight out of science
[C] Having your personal satellite launched into orbit might sound like an idea straight out of science
fiction. But over the past few decades a unique class of satellites has been created that fits the bill:
fiction. But over the past few decades a unique class of satellites has been created that fits the bill:
CubeSats.The"Cube"here simply refers to the satellite's shape. The most common CubeSat is a
CubeSats. The "Cube" here simply refers to the satellite's shape. The most common CubeSat is a
10 cm cube, so small that a single CubeSat could easily be mistaken for a paperweight on your
10 cm cube, so small that a single CubeSat could easily be mistaken for a paperweight on your
desk. These mini-satellites can fit in a launch vehicle's formerly"wasted space."Multiples can be
desk. These mini-satellites can fit in a launch vehicle's formerly "wasted space." Multiples can be
deployed in combination for more complex missions than could be achieved by one CubeSat alone.
deployed in combination for more complex missions than could be achieved by one CubeSat alone.
第 2 /8页
第 2／8页 淘宝店铺∶ 光速考研工作室[D] Within their compact bodies these minute satelites are able to house sensors and communications
[D] Within their compact bodies these minute satellites are able to house sensors and communications
receivers/transmitters that enable operators to study Earth from space, as well as space around
receivers/transmitters that enable operators to study Earth from space, as well as space around
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space from around 200 to 800 miles above Earth, where human-tended missions like the Hubble
space from around 200 to 800 miles above Earth, where human-tended missions like the Hubble
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distant orbits; NASA plans for most of its future Earth-escaping payloads(to the moon and Mars
distant orbits; NASA plans for most of its future Earth-escaping payloads (to the moon and Mars
especially) to carry CubeSats.
especially) to carry CubeSats.
[E] Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a CubeSat into Earth's orbit than a
[E] Because they're so small and light, it costs much less to get a CubeSat into Earth's orbit than a
traditional communications or GPS satellite. For instance, a research group here at Arizona State
traditional communications or GPS satellite. For instance, a research group here at Arizona State
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put in orbit. This decrease in cost allows researchers, hobbyists and even elementary school
put in orbit. This decrease in cost allows researchers, hobbyists and even elementary school
groups to put simple instruments into LEO or even having them deployed from the ISS.
groups to put simple instruments into LEO or even having them deployed from the ISS.
[F] The first CubeSat was created in the early 2000s,as a way of enabling Stanford graduate students
[F] The first CubeSat was created in the early 2000s, as a way of enabling Stanford graduate students
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all launched and operated CubeSats. There are more than 130 currently in operation. The NASA
all launched and operated CubeSats. There are more than 130 currently in operation. The NASA
Educational Launch of Nano Satellite program, which offers free launches for educational groups
Educational Launch of Nano Satellite program, which offers free launches for educational groups
and science missions, is now open to U.S.nonprofit corporations as well. Clearly, satellites are
and science missions, is now open to U.S. nonprofit corporations as well. Clearly, satellites are
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[G] The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes CubeSats'importance in scientific
[G] The National Academy of Sciences report emphasizes CubeSats' importance in scientific
discovery and the training of future space scientists and engineers. Yet it also acknowledges that
discovery and the training of future space scientists and engineers. Yet it also acknowledges that
widespread deployment of LEO CubeSats isn't risk-free. The greatest concern the authors raise is
widespread deployment of LEO CubeSats isn't risk-free. The greatest concern the authors raise is
space debris—pieces of"junk"that orbit the earth, with the potential to cause serious damage if
space debris-pieces of "junk" that orbit the earth, with the potential to cause serious damage if
they collide with operational units, including the ISS.
they collide with operational units, including the ISS.
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amateur satellites, they may pose an increasing threat. As the report authors point out, even near-
amateur satellites, they may pose an increasing threat. As the report authors point out, even near
misses might lead to the"creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the future
misses might lead to the " creation of a burdensome regulatory framework and affect the future
disposition of science CubeSats."
disposition of science CubeSats."
[I] CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible
[I] CubeSat researchers suggest that now's the time to ponder unexpected and unintended possible
consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space. In an era
consequences of more people than ever having access to their own small slice of space. In an era
when you can simply buy a CubeSat kit off the shelf, how can we trust the satelites over our
when you can simply buy a CubeSat kit off the shelf, how can we trust the satellites over our
heads were developed with good intentions by people who knew what they were doing? Some
heads were developed with good intentions by people who knew what they were doing? Some
"expert amateurs" in the satellite game could provide some inspiration for how to proceed
"expert amateurs" in the satellite game could provide some inspiration for how to proceed
responsibly.
responsibly.
第 3/8页
第 3／8页 淘 宝店铺∶ 光速考研工作室[J] In 1969, the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation(AMSAT) was created in order to foster ham
[J] In 1969, the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT) was created in order to foster ham
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continued the efforts,begun in 1961, by Project OSCAR—a U.S.-based group that built and
continued the efforts, begun in 1961, by Project OSCAR-a U. S.-based group that built and
launched the very first nongovernmental satellite just four years after Sputnik. As an organization
launched the very first nongovernmental satellite just four years after Sputnik. As an organization
of volunteers, AMSAT was putting"amateur" satellites in orbit decades before the current
of volunteers, AMSAT was putting " amateur" satellites in orbit decades before the current
CubeSat craze. And over time, its members have leamned a thing or two about responsibility. Here,
CubeSat craze. And over time, its members have learned a thing or two about responsibility. Here,
open-source development has been a central principle. Within the organization, AMSAT has a
open-source development has been a central principle. Within the organization, AMSAT has a
philosophy of open sourcing everything—making technical data on all aspects of their satellites
philosophy of open sourcing everything-making technical data on all aspects of their satellites
fully available to everyone in the organization, and when possible, the public. According to a
fully available to everyone in the organization, and when possible, the public. According to a
member of the team responsible for FOX 1-A, AMSAT's first CubeSat, this means that theres no
member of the team responsible for FOX 1-A, AMSAT's first CubeSat, this means that there's no
way to sneak something like explosives or an energy emitter into an amateur stellite when
way to sneak something like explosives or an energy emitter into an amateur satellite when
everyone has access to the designs and implementation.
everyone has access to the designs and implementation.
[K] However, they're more cautious about sharing information with nonmembers, as the organization
[K] However, they're more cautious about sharing information with nonmembers, as the organization
guards against others developing the ability to hijack and take control of their satellites. This form
guards against others developing the ability to hijack and take control of their satellites. This form
of"self-governance"is possible within long-standing amateur organizations that, over time, are
of " self-governance" is possible within long-standing amateur organizations that, over time, are
able to build a sense of responsibility to community members, as well as society in general. But
able to build a sense of responsibility to community members, as well as society in general. But
what happens when new players emerge, who don't have deep roots within the existing culture?
what happens when new players emerge, who don't have deep roots within the existing culture?
[L] Hobbyists and students are gaining access to technologies without being part of a long-standing
[L] Hobbyists and students are gaining access to technologies without being part of a long-standing
amateur establishment. They're still constrained by funders launch providers and a series of
amateur establishment. They're still constrained by funders, launch providers and a series of
regulations—all of which rein in what CubeSat developers can and cannot do. But there's a
regulations-all of which rein in what CubeSat developers can and cannot do. But there's a
danger they're ill-equipped to think through potential unintended consequences. What these
danger they're ill-equipped to think through potential unintended consequences. What these
unintended consequences might be is admittedly far from clear. Yet we know innovators can be
unintended consequences might be is admittedly far from clear. Yet we know innovators can be
remarkably creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. Think of something as
remarkably creative with taking technologies in unexpected directions. Think of something as
seemingly benign as the cellphone—we have microfinance and text-based social networking at
seemingly benign as the cellphone-we have microfinance and text-based social networking at
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[M] This is where a culture of social responsibility around CubeSats becomes important—not simply
[M] This is where a culture of social responsibility around CubeSats becomes important-not simply
to ensure that physical risks are minimized, but to engage with a much larger community in
to ensure that physical risks are minimized, but to engage with a much larger community in
anticipating and managing less obvious consequences of the technology. This is not an easy task.
anticipating and managing less obvious consequences of the technology. This is not an easy task.
Yet the evidence from AMSAT and other areas of technology development suggests that
Yet the evidence from AMSAT and other areas of technology development suggests that
responsible amateur communities can and do emerge around novel technologies. The challenge
responsible amateur communities can and do emerge around novel technologies. The challenge
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is. Here's where there needs to be a much wider public conversation that extends beyond
is. Here's where there needs to be a much wider public conversation that extends beyond
govermnment agencies and scientific communities to include students, hobbyists, and anyone who
government agencies and scientific communities to include students, hobbyists, and anyone who
may potentially stand to be affected by the use of CubeSat technology.
may potentially stand to be affected by the use of CubeSat technology.
36. Given the easier accessibility to space, it is time to think about how to prevent misuse of satellites.
36. Given the easier accessibility to space, it is time to think about how to prevent misuse of satellites.
第4/8页
第 4／8页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室37.A group of mini-satellites can work together to accomplish more complex tasks.
37. A group of mini-satellites can work together to accomplish more complex tasks.
38.The greater accessibility of mini-satellites increases the risks of their irresponsible use.
38. The greater accessibility of mini-satellites increases the risks of their irresponsible use.
39.Even school pupils can have their CubeSats put in orbit owing to the lowered launching cost.
39. Even school pupils can have their CubeSats put in orbit owing to the lowered launching cost.
40.AMSAT is careful about sharing information with outsiders to prevent hijacking of their satellites.
40. AMSAT is careful about sharing information with outsiders to prevent hijacking of their satellites.
41.NASA offers to launch CubeSats free of charge for educational and research purposes.
41. NASA offers to launch CubeSats free of charge for educational and research purposes.
42.Even with constraints, it is possible for some creative developers to take the CubeSat technology
42. Even with constraints, it is possible for some creative developers to take the CubeSat technology
in directions that result in harmful outcomes.
in directions that result in harmful outcomes.
43.While making significant contributions to space science, CubeSats may pose hazards to other
43. While making significant contributions to space science, CubeSats may pose hazards to other
space vehicles.
space vehicles.
44. Mini-satellites enable operators to study Earth from LEO and space around it.
44. Mini-satellites enable operators to study Earth from LEO and space around it.
45. AMSAT operates on the principle of having all its technical data accessible to its members,
45. AMSAT operates on the principle of having all its technical data accessible to its members,
preventing the abuse of amateur satellites.
preventing the abuse of amateur satellites.
Section C
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
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Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of solitary self-
When I re-entered the full-time workforce a few years ago after a decade of solitary self
employment, there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work
employment, there was one thing I was looking forward to the most: the opportunity to have work
friends once again.It wasn't until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being
friends once again. It wasn't until I entered the corporate world that I realized, for me at least, being
friends with colleagues didnt emerge as a priority at all.This is surprising when you consider the
friends with colleagues didn't emerge as a priority at all. This is surprising when you consider the
prevailing emphasis by scholars and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close
prevailing emphasis by scholars and trainers and managers on the importance of cultivating close
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output such as team-based conflict, jealousy, undermining, anger,and more.
output such as team-based conflict, jealousy, undermining, anger, and more.
Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful
Perhaps my expectations of lunches, water-cooler gossip and caring, deep-and-meaningful
第 5/8页
第 5／8页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. Whereas now,
conversations were a legacy of the last time I was in that kind of office environment. Whereas now,
as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling
as I near the end of my fourth decade, I realize work can be fully functional and entirely fulfilling
without needing to be best mates with the people stting next to you.
without needing to be best mates with the people sitting next to you.
In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management,
In an academic analysis just published in the profoundly-respected Journal of Management,
researchers have looked at the concept of" indifferent relationships".It's a simple term that
researchers have looked at the concept of " indifferent relationships " . It's a simple term that
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unimportant and even, dare I say it, disposable or substitutable.
unimportant and even, dare I say it, disposable or substitutable.
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far
Indifferent relationships are neither positive nor negative. The limited research conducted thus far
indicates they're especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation. and
indicates they're especially dominant among those who value independence over cooperation, and
harmony over confrontation.Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially
harmony over confrontation. Indifference is also the preferred option among those who are socially
lazy. Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort
lazy. Maintaining relationships over the long term takes effort. For some of us, too much effort.
As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in
As noted above, indifferent relationships may not always be the most helpful approach in
resolving some of the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several empirically proven
resolving some of the issues that pop up at work. But there are nonetheless several empirically proven
benefits. One of those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and
benefits. One of those is efficiency. Less time chatting and socializing means more time working and
chuning （产出）.
churning (/L tll ).
The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we're primed to compare ourselves to each other in
The other is self-esteem. As human beings, we're primed to compare ourselves to each other in
what is an anxiety-inducing phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than
what is an anxiety-inducing phenomenon. Apparently, we look down on acquaintances more so than
friends. Since the former is most common among those inclined towards indifferent relationships, their
friends. Since the former is most common among those inclined towards indifferent relationships, their
predominance can bolster individuals''sense of self-worth.
predominance can bolster individuals' sense of self-worth.
Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been
Ego aside, a third advantage is that the emotional neutrality of indifferent relationships has been
found to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one's focus on task resolution, and to gain greater
found to enhance critical evaluation, to strengthen one's focus on task resolution, and to gain greater
access to valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll
access to valuable information. None of that might be as fun as after-work socializing but, hey, I'll
take it anyway.
take it anyway.
46. What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate world?
46. What did the author realize when he re-entered the corporate world?
AA) )MaMkiakngin nge nw efwr ifreniednsd ws iwthit hh ihsi sw owrokrmkamteast ews aws anso tn oats a se aesays ya sa sh eh eh ahda da natnitciciippaatteedd..
B)BC)ulCtiuvltaitviantgin pgo spiotsiivtiev ei nitnetreprperesrosnoanla lr erlealattiioonnsshhiippss hheellppeedd h himim e xepxepl esl osloiltiataryry ffeeeelliinnggss..
C)C W)oWrkoirnkgin ign itnh eth ce ocroprporoartaet ew owrlodrl dr erqeuqiurierse s mmoroer ei ninteterrppeerrssoonnaall sskkiilllls st htahna ns eslefl-efmp-emlpolyomymeenntt.
DD)B)uiBludiilndgin cgl ocsloe ser erlealtaitoionnshshipipss wwitithh hhiiss ccoolllleeaagguueess wwaass nnoott aass iimmppoorrttaanntt aass hhee hhaadd eexxppeecctteedd..
47.What do we learn from many studies about collegial relationships?
47. What do we learn from many studies about collegial relationships?
AA) )InInhahramromnioonuiso urse lraetlaitionosnhsihpisp sh havaev ea nan a davdevresres ee fefffecetc t oonn p prorodducutcitviviittyy..
B)BH)arHmaronmioounsi oruesl raetliaotinosnhsihpisp sa raree wwhahta tm manany yc ocmopmanpiaensi easi ma imto toc uclutlitivvaattee..
C)C C)lCosleo sceo lcloelglieagli arl erlealtatioionsnhsihpisp sc ocnotnrtribiubtuet ev evreyr yl iltitttllee ttoo pprroodduucct t qquualailittyy..
D)D )CoCnfolniflcitcitinngg rreellaattiioonnsshhiippss iinn tthhee wwoorrkkppllaaccee eexxiisstt aalmlmoosstt eevveeryrywwhheerree..
48. What can be inferred about relationships at work from an academic analysis?
48. What can be inferred about relationships at work from an academic analysis?
AA) )ThTehye ys hsohuoludl db eb ec uclutlitivvaatteedd.. C)C )ThTehy eayr ear vei vtaitla lt too c coorrpporoarattee ccuullttuurree..
B)B )ThTehy eayr ear ev ivritrutualalllyy rirrreelleevvaanntt.. D)D )ThTehy eysh sohuolud ldb eb er eraesaosnoanbalbyl yi ninttiimmaattee..
第 6/8页
第 6／8页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室49. What does the author say about people who are socially lazy?
49. What does the author say about people who are socially lazy?
AA) )ThTehye yf efeele lu uncnocmofmorfotarbtalbe lew hwenh eenn geanggianggi nign isno csioaclia li nitneterraaccttiioonnss..
B)B )ThTehy eyof toeftne nf ifindn dt htehmesmelsveelvse is ni nc ocnofnrfronotnattaitioonn w witihth t htheeiirr ccoolllleeaagguueess..
C)C )ThTehy eayr ear uen uwinlwliilnlign gt ot om amkeak eef feoffrotsrt st oto m maianitnatianin wworokrpklpalcaec er erlealattiioonnsshhiippss..
D)D T)hTeyh elya clka cbka sbiacs icc ocmommmunicuantiicoant isokni lslksi llisn ind edaelailnign gw iwthit hi nitnetreprperesrsoonnala l iissssuueess..
50. What is one of the benefits of indifferent relationships?
50. What is one of the benefits of indifferent relationships?
A) They provide fun at work. C) They help resolve differences.
A) They provide fun at work. C) They help resolve differences.
B) They help control emotions. D) They improve work efficiency.
B) They help control emotions. D) They improve work efficiency.
Passage Two
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
InIn a a f efeww d edceacdaesd,e sa, rartitfifiicciiaall iinntteelllilgiegnecnec e((AAII)) wwiillll ssuurprpaassss mmaannyy o fo ft hthe ea baibliilittiieess ththaatt wwee bbeelliieevvee
make us special. This is a grand challenge for our age and it may require an"irrational"response.
make us special. This is a grand challenge for our age and it may require an "irrational" response.
One of the most significant pieces of news from the US in early 2017 was the efforts of Google
One of the most significant pieces of news from the US in early 2017 was the efforts of Google
to make autonomous driving a reality.According to a report, Google's self-driving cars clocked 1,023,
to make autonomous driving a reality. According to a report, Google's self-driving cars clocked 1,023,
330 km, and required human intervention 124 times. That is one intervention about every 8,047 km of
330 km, and required human intervention 124 times. That is one intervention about every 8,047 km of
aauuttoonnoommouosu sd rdirviviinngg.. BBuutt eevveenn momroer ei mipmpresressisvivee isis tthhee pproroggrreessss iinn jjuusstt aa ssiinnggllee yyeeaarr: : hhuummaann
interventions fell from 0.8 times per thousand miles to 0.2, a400?provement. With such progress,
interventions fell from 0.8 times per thousand miles to 0.2, a 400% improvement. With such progress,
Google's cars will easily surpass my own driving ability later this year.
Google's cars will easily surpass my own driving ability later this year.
Driving once seemed to be a very human skill. But we said that about chess, too. Then a
Driving once seemed to be a very human skill. But we said that about chess, too. Then a
ccoommpuptuetre rb beaeatt tthhee hhuummaann wworolrdld cchhaammpipoino，n, rreeppeeatateeddlyl.y .T hTeh eb obaoradr dg amgamee GoGo （( I}]围 棋tt）) ttooookk oovveerr frfroomm
chess as a new test for human thinking in 2016, when a computer beat one of the world's leading
chess as a new test for human thinking in 2016, when a computer beat one of the world's leading
professional Go players. With computers conquering what used to be deeply human tasks, what will it
professional Go players. With computers conquering what used to be deeply human tasks, what will it
mean in the future to be human? I worry about my six-year-old son. What will his place be in a
mean in the future to be human? I worry about my six-year-old son. What will his place be in a
world where machines beat us in one area after another? He'll never calculate faster never drive
world where machines beat us in one area after another? He'll never calculate faster, never drive
better, or even fly more safely. Actually, it all comes down to a fairly simple question: What's so
better, or even fly more safely. Actually, it all comes down to a fairly simple question: What's so
special about us? It can't be skills like arithmetic, which machines already excel in. So far, machines
special about us? It can't be skills like arithmetic, which machines already excel in. So far, machines
have a pretty hard time emulating creativity, arbitrary enough not to be predicted by a computer, and
have a pretty hard time emulating creativity, arbitrary enough not to be predicted by a computer, and
yet more than simple randomness.
yet more than simple randomness.
Perhaps, if we continue to improve information-processing machines, well soon have helpful
Perhaps, if we continue to improve information-processing machines, we'll soon have helpful
rational assistants.So we must aim to complement the rationality of the machine, rather than to compete
rational assistants. So we must aim to complement the rationality of the machine, rather than to compete
with it. If I'm right, we should foster a creative spirit because a dose of illogical creativity will
with it. If I'm right, we should foster a creative spirit because a dose of illogical creativity will
complement the rationality of the machine. Unfortunately, however, our education system has not
complement the rationality of the machine. Unfortunately, however, our education system has not
caught up to the approaching reality.Indeed, our schools and universities are structured to mould pupils
caught up to the approaching reality. Indeed, our schools and universities are structured to mould pupils
to be mostly obedient servants of rationality,and to develop outdated skills in interacting with outdated
to be mostly obedient servants of rationality, and to develop outdated skills in interacting with outdated
machines. We need to help our children learn how to best work with smart computers to improve
machines. We need to help our children learn how to best work with smart computers to improve
human decision-making. But most of all we need to keep the long-term perspective in mind: that even if
human decision-making. But most of all we need to keep the long-term perspective in mind: that even if
第7/8页
第 7／8页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室computers will outsmart us, we can still be the most creative.Because if we arent, we won't be providing
computers will outsmart us, we can still be the most creative. Because if we aren't, we won't be providing
much value in future ecosystems,and that may put in question the foundation for our existence.
much value in future ecosystems, and that may put in question the foundation for our existence.
51. What is the author's greatest concern about the use of AI?
51. What is the author's greatest concern about the use of AI?
AA) )CoCmopmutpeurste rasr ea rpee rpfeorrfomrimngi nlgo tlso tos fo fcr ceraetaitvivee ttaasskkss..
B)B )MaMnyan ayb ialbiitliiteise s wwililll cceeaassee ttoo bbee uunniiqquuee ttoo hhuummaann bbeeiinnggss..
C) Computers may become more rational than humans.
C) Computers may become more rational than humans.
D)D )MaMnya nhyu mhaunm sakni lslksil las rare ef afasstt bbeeccoomminingg oouuttddaatteedd..
52. What impresses the author most in the field of AI?
52. What impresses the author most in the field of AI?
A)A )GoGogoloeg'lse 'esx epxerpiemreimnteanl tadlr idvreirvleersless sc acrars sr erqeuqiuriere lliittttllee h huummaann iinntteerrvveennttiioonn..
B)B )GoGogoloeg'lse 'csa rcsa rhs ahvea vseu rspuarpssaesds ehdi sh idsr idvriinvgin agb ialbiitliyt yi nin j juusstt aa ssiinnggllee yyeeaarr..
C)C )GoGoogoleg leh ahsa sm amdea dheu gheu gper opgrroegsrse sis ni na uatuotnoonmoomuso udsr idvriivnign gi nin a as shhoorrtt ttiimmee..
D) Google has become a world leader in the field of autonomous driving.
D) Google has become a world leader in the field of autonomous driving.
53. What do we learn from the passage about creativity?
53. What do we learn from the passage about creativity?
A)A I)tI ti sis rraattiioonnaall.. C)C )ItI t iiss hhuummaann s pspeceiciffiicc..
B) B ) I It i s is p r p e r d e i d c ic t t a a b b l le e . . D)D )ItI t iiss yyeett ttoo bbee eemmuullaatteedd bbyy AAIl..
54. What should schoos help children do in the era of AI?
54. What should schools help children do in the era of AI?
A) A ) Cu C lt u i lti va v t a e t e o o ri ri g g i i n n a a l l t th h i i n n k k i i n n g g. . C)C )CoCmopmetpee tew iwtiht hs msmarart t mmacachhiinneess..
B) B ) Le L a e r a n rn t t o o w w or o k rk i i n n d d e e p p e e n n d d e e n n t t l l y y . . D)D )UUndnedresrtstaanndd hhooww AAII wwoorrkkss..
55. How can we humans justify our future existence?
55. How can we humans justify our future existence?
C) By rationally compromising with AI.
AA) )ByB yc ocnosntsatnantltyly oouuttssmmaarrttiinngg ccoommppuuteterrss.. C) By rationally compromising with Al.
B) By adopting a long-term perspective. D) By providing value with our creativity.
B) By adopting a long-term perspective. D) By providing value with our creativity.
Part IV
Translation
(30 minutes)
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For ths part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translatea passage from Chinese into English.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.
You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2,
You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
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0
Writing
Part I
(30 minutes)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of
Directions : For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the imporlance of
motivation and methods in learning. You can cite examples to ilustrate your views.
motivation and methods in learning. You can cite examples to illustrate your views.
You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
第 8/8页
第 8／8页 淘宝店铺∶光速考研工作室
