四级选词填空真题2015-2023.12_大学英语四级+六级_四级真题_专项_四级选词填空

目录 2023年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………1 2023年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套………………………………………………2 2023年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套………………………………………………3 2023年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套………………………………………………4 2023年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套………………………………………………5 2023年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………6 2023年03月大学英语四级选词填空全1套………………………………………………7 2022年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………8 2022年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………9 2022年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………10 2022年09月大学英语四级选词填空全1套……………………………………………11 2022年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套…………………………………………12 2022年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套………………………………………………13 2021年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套………………………………………………14 2021年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………15 2021年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………16 2021年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………17 2021年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………18 2021年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………19 2020年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………20 2020年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………21 2020年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套………………………………………………22 2020年09月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………23 2020年09月大学英语四级选词填空第2套………………………………………………24 2020年07月大学英语四级选词填空全1套………………………………………………25 2019年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………26 2019年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………27 2019年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套…………………………………………28 2019年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………29 2019年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………30 2019年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套…………………………………………31 2018年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………32 2018年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………33 2018年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………34 2018年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套………………………………………………35 2018年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………362018年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………37 2017年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………38 2017年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………39 2017年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………40 2017年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………41 2017年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………42 2017年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套………………………………………………43 2016年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………44 2016年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套………………………………………………45 2016年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………46 2016年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………47 2016年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………48 2016年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………49 2015年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………50 2015年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………51 2015年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套………………………………………………52 2015年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套……………………………………………53 2015年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套……………………………………………54 2015年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套……………………………………………55 淘宝店铺：一次过考研 温馨提示：2022年6月、2021年12月、2020年9月实考2 套选词填空真题，2023年3月、2022年9月、2020年7月实考1套。2023年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Exercising for just 10 minutes a w eek is linked to a long er life, according to a new study publish ed in The British Journal of Sports Medicine. Several re cent studies have found that even low-intensity exercise, done for a short amount of time, can have a meaningful . 26 on health. Still, the idea that exercising for just 10 minutes a week may be enough to increase your lifespan is novel. It's also some what 27 since the federal physical activity guidelines recommend getting at least 75 minutes of vigorous exercise or 150 minutes of . 28 exercise each week. The study was based on data from more than 88,0 0 0 U.S. adults who 29 in the National Health Interview Survey between 1997 and 2008. Contrary to some research that has found an 30 limit to the amount of exercise that is healthy, the researchers found that the re was 31 no limit to the longevity (长 寿)benefits of exercise. Even the small group of people who got 10 times the amount of exercise recommended by the federal government had a 46lower 32 of death than the least active group. Still, observational studies like this one cannot prove cause and effect; they can only find 33 The researchers also were not able to . 34 _for certain lifestyle factors that could affect lifespan, including dietary habits and changes in physical activity over time. Despite these 35 , the study's results are yet another indication of the power of physical activity, even in small amounts. A) adjust I) participated B)alter J)patterns C) approximately K)populated D) controversial L) risk E) coordinates M)seemingly F) impact N) type G) limitations 0) uppel H) moderate 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 1 页 共 58 页2023年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 A number of studies have looked at how family life can affect productivity and satisfaction in the workplace. However, there has been 26 little research on the influence of leisure activities. So Ciara Kelly and colleagues recruited 129 hobbyists to look at how the time spent on their hobbies 27 their work life. The researchers found that when participants spent longer than 28on their leisure activity, their belief in their ability to perform their job was strengthened. But this was only the 29 when they had a serious hobby that was dissimilar to their job, or . when their hobby was similar to their work but they only did it . 30 . When their hobby was both serious and similar to their job, then spending more time on it actually decreased their work . 31 Why might that be? To maintain a serious hobby, people need to invest significant psychological resources, say the authors—so if the activity has the same kinds of demands as their work, they may be left . 32 .and unable to perform well at their job. But if their hobby is quite different from their career, it may not . 33 in the same way but instead help them develop other knowledge and skills that can 34 their confidence at work. “Consider a scientist who is a keen rock climber,” says Kelly.“Since climbing is so far 35 from their day-to-day work activities, they can still recover from the demands of their job with plenty of resources." A)boost I) normal B) case J)prevalent C) casually K) relative D) efficiency L) removed E) estate M) scratch F) exhausted N)shaped G) faculty O) surprisingly H) interfere 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 2 页 共 58 页2023年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 When people set out to improve their health, they usually take a familiar path: starting a healthy diet, getting better sleep, and doing regular exercise. Each of these behaviors is important, of course, but they all . 26 on physical health—and a growing body of research suggests that social health is just as, if not more, important to . 27 well-being. One recent study published in the journal PLOS ONE, for example, found that the strength of a person's social circle was a better . 28 of self-reported stress, happiness and well-being levels than fitness tracker data on physical activity, heart rate and sleep. That finding suggests that the“. 29 self”represented by endless amounts of health data doesn't tell the whole . 30 There's also a qualified self, which is who I am, what are my activities, my social network, and all of these aspects are not 31 in any of these measurements. This idea is supported by plenty of . 32 .research. Studies have shown that social support—whether it comes from friends, family members or a spouse—is 33 associated with better mental and physical health. A rich social life, these studies suggest, can lower stress levels, improve mood, encourage positive health behaviors and discourage damaging ones, boost heart health and improve illness . 34 rates. Social isolation, meanwhile, is linked to higher rates of physical diseases and mental health conditions. It's a significant problem, 35 since loneliness is emerging as a widespread public health problem in many countries. A) base I) prompt B) eagerly J) puzzle C) especially K)quantified D) focus L) recovery E) indicator M)reflected F)overall N) story G) preached O) strongly H) prior 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 3 页 共 58 页2023年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 You probably haven't taken the time to think of all the work that went into creating the shirt on your back. I mean, how hard it could be to create fabric and 26 it into a shirt shape. Don't machines do all that? Well, creating fabric from cotton, which is the most 27 clothing material, is actually a process that involves a lot of water, 2,700 liters per shirt to be 28 . Take a look at the video below from National Geographic for some more mind-blowing . 29 about cotton clothing production. Clean water is 30 .becoming one of the most sought-after resources in the world. Given how large the . 31 .and cotton industries are, they take up a lot of our fresh water demands across the world, according to The Huffington Post. The video from National Geographic was created to spread 32 of how environmentally harmful cotton is. But the situation can be made better. Through better water management and farming practices, water usage in cotton production can be cut down by . 33 40 percent. Called“Better Cotton”, this environmentally conscious product will save millions of the demands of cotton production. Coton liters of water a year simply from 34 doesn't have to go, since it is, after all, one of the most useful cash crops across the globe. However, as water supplies 35 , farmers and consumers need to be more conscious of the effect that these products have on the environment as a whole A)abstracts I) nearly B) abundant J) reckoning C) awareness K)reducing D) conscience L) sew E) exact M)shrink F) increasingly N) statistics G) intense O) textile H)mend 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 4 页 共 58 页2023年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Morocco is responding to increasing energy demands by setting up one of the largest solar plants in the world. The Noor solar power station is . 26 in the city of Ouarzazate and, once completed, will generate 580 million watts of electricity. The World Bank estimates it will serve 1.1 million people. It's . 27 to be completed soon. Morocco's current energy comes 28 from imports. The nation hopes to get 50 percent of its energy ffom renewable sources by 2030. With demand for energy . 29 at an annual rate of 7 percent, the new solar plant could be a . 30 . part of that goal. “This makes Morocco a big . 31 in the field of solar energy in the Arab region and the African continent. It could also be a forerunner for many other countries in the world that . 32 on foreign imports of energy," said Ali Hajji, a solar energy specialist and engineering professor. Experts believe that the Middle East and North Africa have huge 33 for solar energy projects. This is partly because of adequate sunlight and partly because technology has become more 34 in the region. “The last few years have seen a realization of 35 how competitive solar technologies can be," said Michael Taylor, a senior analyst at the International Renewable Energy Agency A) affordable I) mostly B) ancestor J) operating C) crucial K)perhaps D) depend L) pioneer E)initial M) potential F) insist N) rising G)just 0) scheduled H) located 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第5页 共 58 页2023年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Whether you're just having a down day or a down period, taking a walk can instantly lift your mood, especially when you go outdoors. Not only can walking make you less depressed, but according to a new study, depression sufferers who took a 26 walk showed just as much improvement in their . 27 as people taking medicine. In fact, 60- 70 percent of the participants in the study could no longer even be 28 as depressed. Bone density may not be one of the most exciting health benefits of walking, but it's an important one. People with stronger bones avoid osteoporosis(骨质疏松症)and all the problems that 29 with it, like breaks and other disabilities. And the best way to get strong, healthy bones is by doing weight-bearing exercises like running, dancing and walking, according to a large study. But as regards bones, it's . 30 use itor lose it: To keep your bones strong you have to keep exercising. The researchers found that adults who walked regularly had better bone density throughout their lives than their 31 friends. Taking a walk can be great for . 32 your head or blowing off some steam. It also provides a great opportunity to . 33 with friends and family, far away from electronics and other 34 at home. Even better, you set a powerful example because when they see you 35 _ the benefits of walking, they'll be encouraged to walk more, too. A) accompany I) distractions B) approved J) exclusively C) bond K)inactive D)classified L) occurrences E) clearing M)reaping F)come N)symptoms G) daily O)typical H)definitely 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 6 页 共 58 页2023年03月大学英语四级选词填空全1套 It's a fantasy that goes back centuries: a message in a bottle, carried ashore from far- off lands. Authors, artists and children 26 .have dreamed of such a gift from the sea. This time, though, it's not a bottle that washes ashore. It's eggs-thousands of little toy eggs. That's what happened on the German island of Langegoog this week. Lying just off the North Sea coast, it found itself . 27 by an invasion of colored plastic eggs—much to the . 28 of local children, because the eggs contained toys. Police 29 the eggs came from a freighter that lost part of its cargo during an unusually 30 .storm, the worst to hit Germany's northeastern coast since 2006. At any rate, what was lost has now been found by many of the community's littlest residents. “The surprise eggs have found their way to freedom,”said Mayor Uwe Garrels. However, the joy of the moment . 31 off soon. “At first I thought this was a wonder, because everything was so . 32 , but then we . realized that this is a huge 33 .in the end,”said the mayor. He also noted the plastic bags and other materials that have washed ashore on the island can cause serious problems for 34 Still, all these little eggs contained an extra treat with their toys. They . 35 . notes from afar. There was just one problem for the German children who received them: They were written in Russian. A) wore I) intense B) wildlife J) human C) suspect K) effective D)struck L) delight E) similar M) colorful F)quantity N) bore G) overthrown O) alike H) mess 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 7 页 共 58 页2022年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Researchers, writing in the journal Heart, pooled data from 23 studies and found that social isolation or feelings of loneliness were tied to an increased risk of coronary heart disease(冠心病)and strokes. The studies included data from 181,006 men and women ages 18 and over. There were 4,628 coronary events and 3,002 strokes in follow-up periods 26 .from three to 21 years. Three of the papers 27 .loneliness,18 looked at social isolation and two included both. Social isolation and loneliness were determined with questionnaires; the researchers depended on medical records and death . 28 for determining coronary events and strokes. 29 The scientists found that loneliness and social isolation increased the _ _ risk of having a heart attack or a death from heart disease by 29 percent, and the risk of stroke by 32 percent. There were no . 30 .between men and women. “People have tended to focus from a policy point of view on 31 lonely people to make them more . 32 ,”said the lead author, Nicole K. Valtorta, a research fellow at the University of York in England.“Our study . 33 .that if this is a risk factor, then we should be trying to prevent the risk factor in the first place.” The authors . 34 . that this was a review of observational studies and did not . 35 cause and effect. A) acknowledge I) narrow B) certificates J) permanent C) connected K)produces D) demonstrates L) ranging E) differences M) relative F) establish N) submitting G) formats O) targeting H) measured 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 8 页 共 58 页2022年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Parenting brings fathers more joy than it does mothers, according to a new study. The research examined three studies . 26 .more than 18,000 participants. Across all three, parenthood was 27 with more positive wellbeing outcomes for dads than for mums. So why are fathers happier than mothers?“Fathers may fare better than mothers in part due to how they spend time with their children," said lead author Katherine Nelson-Coffey. In one study, the authors 28 _that dads were more likely to take“playing” as an _ 29 __activity both when caring for their kids and spending time with their kids. “Playing with their children likely offers parents opportunities to experience positive feelings and . 30 closeness with their children," they say. Fathers also did better than men without kids, reporting greater happiness, life satisfaction, and fewer . 31 .symptoms.They also reported greater connectedness and 32 , compared to women without children, the results autonomy(自主).For mums,. weren't quite as positive. Mums reported greater autonomy, but also“greater trouble" and fewer positive . 33 Mums reported happier moods while interacting with their kids, compared to other experiences, but not while engaging 34 in childcare.“This difference suggests that how mothers and fathers spend time with their children might have important 35 for their wellbeing," the authors write. They suspect that mums may be less happy than dads because they're more likely to have higher expectations about parenthood. As such, they're more likely to be"let down" by the experience. A)additional I) implications B)associated J) interfered C) composing K)involving D) cultivate L) note E) depressive M) precisely F) directly N) superficial G) emotions O) therefore H) however 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 9 页 共 58 页2022年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Phones influence all aspects of teenage life. Ninety-five percent of Americans ages 13 to 17 have a smartphone or have access to one, and nearly half report using the internet .” “almost 26 But as recent survey data and interviews have suggested, many teens find much of that time to be unsatisfyingly spent. Continuous 27 _shouldn't be mistaken for endless enjoyment. A new . 28 _ representative survey about“screen time and device distractions”from the Pew Research Center indicates that it's not just parents who think teenagers are worryingly 29 from their phones—many teens themselves do too. Fifty- four percent of the 13-to-17-year-olds surveyed said they spend too much time 30 in their phones. Vicky Rideout, who runs a research firm that studies children's interactions with media and technology, was not surprised by this finding. She says it's hardly . 31 to teenagers.“They are dealing with the same challenges that adults are, as far as they are living in the . 32 of a tech environment designed to suck as much of their time onto their devices as possible,"Rideout says. The way parents interact with technology can 33 the way they interact with their kids. Rideout thus thinks it's up to parents to model good . 34 : Kids tend to take note if their parents put their phone away at dinner or charge it in another room while they sleep. Witnessing habits like that can help kids “realize that they can 35 _some more control over their devices," she says. A) absorbed I) recruited B) addicted J) shape C) behavior K)solution D) constantly L) specific E) context M)summary F) exercise N) usage G) inseparable O) vaguely H) nationally 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 10 页 共 58 页2022年09月大学英语四级选词填空全1套 Public perception of success in the U.S. might be totally misguided. While 92of people believe others care most about fame and 26 , fewer than 10actor those qualities into their own success. This is according to the newly 27 study by Harvard Graduate School of Education professor Todd Smith. Smith says he was 28 by how past studies on success “assumed what people will care about.” In this study, his team“went the . 29 direction”by spending years carrying out individual interviews and group surveys to see what people really talk about when they talk about success. As a scientist, Smith studied individuality for a living, and even he was surprised to find younger respondents cared more about having a 31 in life. Those between the ages of 18 and 34 prioritized it most, and that prioritization dropped off as respondents'ages went up. Perhaps this is because older people had fewer options when they were starting their careers, at a time when values focused more on stable incomes than 32 personal missions. . Other trends included an emphasis on the importance of parenting. Being a parent 33 very high across the priorities of all study participants. Ultimately, Smith hopes institutions will take note of these insights . 34 Higher education institutions tend to focus on preparing students for high-paying jobs. For such institutions, from universities to workplaces, to better . 35 people in the U.S., they'll need to understand“what the American public highly prioritizes,"Smith says. A) accommodate I) opposite B)accordingly J) profession C) acquiring K)purpose D) bothered L) ranked E) fortune M) released F)fulfilling N) similarly G) identify O) wrong H)literally 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 11 页 共 58 页2022年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 You might think of your teeth as tools, like built-in knives and forks, but if they are mere tools, why do they feel pain and wouldn't it be better if they could just 26 under any condition? In spite of our . 27 discomfort, it turns out there's a good reason our teeth are so sensitive. Tooth pain is a 28 mechanism that ensures when a tooth is being damaged we'll notice and do something about it. If we eat something too hot or too cold, or if the tooth is worn down enough where the tissue 2 is exposed, all of those things cause pain, and then the pain causes the 29 person not to use that tooth to try to protect it a little bit more. So it's really a protective mechanism more than anything else. If teeth didn't feel pain, we might . 30 to use them in situations that damage them, and for humans, damaging . 31 teeth is a problem because, unlike crocodiles, we can't . 32 them. Teeth have three layers, only one of which-the innermost layer of the tooth-can hurt, as that layer of the tooth . 33 _both blood vessels and nerves. Pain is the only feeling to which the nerves in that layer respond. Whereas people with tooth sensitivity may complain, for example, of tooth pain . 34 .by heat or cold, the nerves in the inner layer don't sense temperature. Rather, they feel pain, which may be 35 .with, say, drinking something very cold A)adult I) emotional B) associated J)implies C) chew K)mammal D) contains L) replace E) continue M) swallow F)defense N) triggered G) dental O) underneath H)downward 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 12 页 共 58 页2022年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 If you've ever looked at the ingredients list while grocery shopping, chances are you've seen the term“natural flavors”. But have you taken a 26 to consider what these natural flavors actually are? Most of us might think that “natural flavors” are, well, naturally good for us. A recent study in the journal Appetite found that when the word“natural” appears on packaging, people . 27 that the food within is indeed healthier. In truth, natural flavors do not 28 .much, at least chemically speaking, from their flavor-boosting 29 : artificial flavors. Both can be made in a lab by trained flavorists, but artificial flavors use chemicals to give a product a 30 smell or taste. Natural flavors come from plant or animal . 31 , like fruit, vegetable, meat, fish or milk that is then processed or refined in some way. In short, natural flavors are 32 from plants and animals to create specific flavors for processed foods. But that does not 33 make it easier to tell what is really in your food. Because the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)has not 34 the term, companies can use it to refer to pretty much anything derived from a plant or animal. And natural flavors can also include a variety of chemical additives, such as preservatives. The FDA doesn't require companies to reveal what additional chemicals a specific item 35 So if you want to know for certain what you're getting with your groceries, you might want to stick to the farmer's market. A) acknowledge I) implies B) chance J) necessarily C) contains K)particular D) counterparts L) perceive E) defined M) second F) differ N) sources G) especially O) strange H) extracted 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 13 页 共 58 页2021年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Many people believe that passion and commitment are the foundations of strong romantic relationships. But a relationship is made of two . 26 individuals. And the 27 or lack can often make a relationship personality traits(特性)these individuals . more—or less—likely to 28 . Recent research has found that one trait in particular— humility(谦逊)— is an important indicator of successful relationships. Humility can sometimes be 29 with a lack of confidence. But researchers have come to realize that being humble generally indicates the . 30 of deeply admirable personal qualities. Being humble means you have the ability to accurately 31 your deficiencies without denying your skills and strengths. For example, you might recognize that you are intelligent, but realize that you are not a 32 . Thus, humility leads to an honest view of one's own advantages and shortcomings. Humble people do not ignore, avoid, or try to deny their limits or deficiencies. They can 33 mistakes, see value in things that are far from perfect and identify areas for improvement. Perhaps it is not 34 then, that humility appears to be a huge asset to relationships. One study found that people tend to rate this quality 35 in their spouse. The study also found that someone who is humble is more likely to initiate a romantic relationship, perhaps because they are less likely to see themselves as "too good"for someone else. Thus, a humble partner might be your ideal partner. A)acknowledge I) possess B) assess J) presence C) confused K)puzzled D) endure L) status E) extremely M) surprising F) genius N) thoroughly G) highly O) unique H)permanent 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 14 页 共58 页2021年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 It is commonly believed that the great English dramatist and poet William Shakespeare was born in Stratford-on-Avon on April 23, 1564. But it is impossible to know the 26 day on which he was born. Church records show he was baptized(施洗礼)on April 26, and three days was a customary amount of time to wait before baptizing a newly born baby. Shakespeare's date of death is 27 known, however: it was April 23, 1616. He was 52 and had retired to Stratford three years before. Although few plays have been performed or analyzed as extensively as the 38 plays Shakespeare wrote, there are few surviving details about his life. This 28 of biographical information is due primarily to his social 29 ; he was not a noble, but the son of a leather trader. Shakespeare 30 attended the grammar school in Stratford, where he would have studied Latin and read 31 literature. He did not go to university and at age 18 married Anne Hathaway, who was eight years his 32 . They had four children, including the twins, Hamnet and Judith. Nothing is known of the period between the birth of the twins and Shakespeare's 33 as a dramatist in London in the early 1590s. In a million words written over 20 years, he . 34 the full range of human emotions and conflicts with a . 35 that remains sharp today. As his great contemporary the poet and dramatist Ben Jonson said,“He was not of an age, but for all time.” A)captured I) precision B) classical J) probably C) conclusively K)quality D)emergence L) scarcity E) exact M) senior F)generated N) separated G) particular O) systematically H) position 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 15 页 共 58 页2021年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 The sheets are damp with sweat. You're cold, but your heart is racing as if a killer just chased you down a dark street. It was just a nightmare, you tell yourself, there's nothing to be afraid of. But you're still filled with 26 Given how unsettling and haunting nightmares can be, is there a way for dreamers to 27 , or even turn off, these bad dreams as they happen? Research is _ 28 , but some studies suggest that people who can master lucid dreaming — that is, the ability to be . 29 that a nightmare is happening and possibly even control it without waking up—may hold the 30 Nightmares are part of the human experience, especially for kids. Doctors . 31 don't consider occasional nightmares a problem. They can just be symptoms of a sleep disorder that can 32 from an unpleasant experience, stress, or certain drugs To treat the disorder, there are a number of medicines and therapies that are backed by 33 research, according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, which analyzed the available research on the treatment of nightmare disorder in a recent . 34 published in the Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. However, nightmares are complicated, and researchers are still struggling to understand them, said Dr. Rachel Salas, an expert on sleep disorders and an associate professor at Johns Hopkins Medicine in Baltimore. What we do know is that people . 35 to have different kinds of nightmares at different points during the sleep cycle. A)amount I) mechanical B) answer J) result C) avoid K) review D) aware L) rigorous E) depart M) tend F)drastically N) timidity G) fear O) typically H) limited 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 16 页 共 58 页2021年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Most animals seek shade when temperatures in the Sahara Desert soar to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. But for the Saharan silver ant, . 26 from their underground nests into the sun's brutal rays to . 27 for food, this is the perfect time to seek lunch. In 2015 these ants were joined in the desert by scientists from two Belgian universities, who spent a month in the 28 heat tracking the ants and digging out their nests. The goal was simple, to discover how the . 29 adapted to the kind of heat that can . 30 melt the bottom of shoes. Back in Belgium, the scientists looked at the ants under an electronic microscope and found that their 31 , triangular hair reflects light like a prism(棱镜),giving them a metallic reflection and protecting them from the sun's awful heat. When Ph.D. student Quentin Willot 32 the hair from an ant with a . 33 .knife and put it under a heat lamp, its temperature jumped. The ants' method of staying cool is . 34 among animals. Could this reflective type of hair protect people? Willot says companies are interested in . 35 these ants' method of heat protection for human use, including everything from helping to protect the lives of firefighters to keeping homes cool in summer. A)adapting I) remote B) consciously J) removed C) crawling K)species D)crowded L) specimens E) extreme M) thick F) hunt N) tiny G) literally O) unique H) moderate 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第17 页 共 58 页2021年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Social isolation poses more health risks than obesity or smoking 15 cigarettes a day, according to research published by Brigham Young University. The . 26 is that loneliness is a huge, if silent, risk factor. Loneliness affects physical health in two ways. First, it produces stress hormones that can lead to many health problems. Second, people who live alone are less likely to go to the doctor 27 , to exercise or to eat a healthy diet. 28 Public health experts in many countries are _ _how to address widespread loneliness in our society. Last year Britain even appointed a minister for loneliness. “Loneliness 29 .almost every one of us at some point," its minister for loneliness Baroness Barran said.“It can lead to very serious health 30 for individuals who become isolated and disconnected." Barran started a“Let's Talk Loneliness” campaign that 31 difficult conversations across Britain. She is now supporting“ 32 benches,” which are public seating areas where people are encouraged to go and chat with one another. The minister is also 33 to stop public transportation from being cut in ways that leave people isolated. More than one-fifth of adults in both the United States and Britain said in a 2018 34 that they often or always feel lonely. More than half of American adults are unmarried, and researchers have found that even among those who are married, 30of relationships are 35 strained.A quarter of Americans now live alone, and as the song says, one is the loneliest number. A) abruptly I) implication B) appointments J)pushing C) consequences K) severely D)debating L) sparked E) dimensions M)splitting F) friendly N) survey G) hindered O) touches H) idiom 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 18 页 共 58 页2021年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Nowadays you can't buy anything without then being asked to provide a rating of a company's performance on a five-star scale. I've been asked to rate my “store 26 ” on the EFTPOS terminal before I can pay. Even the most 27 .activities, such as calling Telstra or picking up a parcel from Australia Post,are followed by texts or emails with surveys asking,“How did we do?” Online purchases are 28 _followed up by a customer satisfaction survey. Companies are so . 29 .for a hit of stars that if you delete the survey the company sends you another one We're 30 to rate our apps when we've barely had a chance to use them. One online course provider I use asks you what you think of the course after you've only completed . 31 2 per cent of it. Economist Jason Murphy says that companies use customer satisfaction ratings because a 32 display of star feedback has become the nuclear power sources of the modern economy. However, you can't help but 33 if these companies are basing their business on fabrications(捏造的东西).I. 34 that with online surveys 1 just click the . 35 that's closest to my mouse cursor(光标)to get the damn thing off my screen. Often the star rating I give has far more to do with the kind of day I'm having than the purchase I just made. A)announce I) roughly B) commonplace J) routinely C) confess K)shining D)desperate L) showering E) experience M)variety F)fascinated N) voyage G) optior O) wonder H) prompted 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 19 页 共 58 页2020年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Trust is fundamental to life.If you can't trust anything,life becomes intolerable. You can't have relationships without trust, let alone good ones. In the workplace, too, trust is . 26 . An organization without trust will be full of fear and 27 . If you work for a boss who doesn't trust their employees to do things right, you'll have a . 28 .time. They'll be checking up on you all the time, correcting “mistakes”and 29 reminding you to do this or that. Colleagues who don't trust one another will need to spend more time 30 their backs than doing any useful work Organizations are always trying to cut costs. Think of all the additional tasks caused by lack of trust. Audit(审计)departments only exist because of it. Companies keep large volumes of . 31 because they don't trust their suppliers, their contractors or their customers. Probably more than half of all administrative work is only there because of an ever-existing sense that "you can't trust anyone these days." If even a small part of such valueless work could be 32 , the savings would run into millions of dollars. All this is extra work we . 33 onto ourselves because we don't trust people — the checking, following through,doing things ourselves because we don't believe others will do them . 34 一 or at all. If we took all that away, how much extra time would we suddenly find in our life? How much of our work 35 would disappear? A)constantly I) properly B) credible J) records C) essential K)removed D)exploring L) stacks E) gather M)suspicion F)load N)tracked G) miserable O) watching H)pressure 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 20 页 共 58 页2020年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 When my son completes a task, I can't help but praise him. It's only natural to give praise where praise is due, right? But is there such a thing as too much praise? According to psychologist Katherine Phillip, children don't benefit from 26 _ praise as much as we'd like to think.“Parents often praise, believing they are building their child's self-confidence. However, over-praising can have a 27 effect,”says Phillip.“When we use the same praise 28 , it may become empty and no longer valued by the child. It can also become an expectation that anything they do must be 29 with praise. This may lead to the child avoiding taking risks due to fear of . 30 their parents.” Does this mean we should do away with all the praise? Phillip says no.“The key to healthy praise is to focus on the process rather than the 31 . It is the recognition of a child's attempt, or the process in which they achieved something, that is essential,"she says. “Parents should encourage their child to take the risks needed to learn and grow.” So how do we break the 32 of praise we're all so accustomed to? Phillip says it's important to 33 between “person praise"and"process praise".“Person praise is 34 .saying how great someone is. It's a form of personal approval. Process praise is acknowledgement of the efforts the person has just 35 . Children who receive person praise are more likely to feel shame after losing," says Phillip. A)choose I) pattern B) constant J) plural C) disappointing K) repeatedly D) distinguish L) rewarded E) exhausting M) separately F) experienced N) simply G) negative O) undertaken H) outcome 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 21 页 共 58 页2020年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 The things people make, and the way they make them, determine how cities grow and decline, and influence how empires rise and fall. So, any disruption to the world's factories 26 . And that disruption is surely coming. Factories are being digitised, filled with new sensors and new computers to make them quicker, more 27 , and more efficient. Robots are breaking free from the cages that surround them, learning new skills and new ways of working. And 3D printers have long 28 .a world where you can make anything, anywhere, from a computerised design. That vision is . 29 closer to reality. These forces will lead to cleaner factories, producing better goods at lower prices, personalised to our individual needs and desires. Humans will be . 30 many of the dirty, repetitive,and dangerous jobs that have long been a 31 of factory life. Greater efficiency 32 means fewer people can do the same work. Yet factory bosses in many developed countries are worried about a lack of skilled human workers- and see 33 and robots as a solution. But economist Helena Leurent says this period of rapid change in manufacturing is a 34 opportunity to make the world a better place. “Manufacturing is the one system where you have got the biggest source of innovation, the biggest source of economic growth, and the biggest source of great jobs in the past. You can see it changing. That's an opportunity to 35 .that system differently, and if we can, it will have tremendous significance.” A)automation I) interaction B) concerns J) leaning C) enormously K)matters D)fantastic L)moving E) fascinated M)promised F)feature N) shape G) flexible O) spared H) inevitably 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 22 页 共 58 页2020年09月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 There're three main types of financial stress people encounter. The first type is apparent in people being stressed about the . 26 ups and downs of investment markets —actually not so much the ups, but 27 the downs. These people are usually unable or unprepared to endure the long haul. The next common type of financial stress is that caused by debt. In a . 28 percentage of cases of debt-induced financial stress, credit cards and loans will be a central element. Often there'll be a car loan and perhaps a mortgage, but credit cards often seem to be the gateway to debt-related financial difficulties for many. The third type of stress and . 29 .the least known is inherited financial stress, which is the most destructive. It is experienced by those who have grown up in households where their parents regularly . 30 and fought about money. Money therefore becomes a stressful topic, and so the thought of sitting down and planning is an unattractive 31 Those suffering inherited financial anxiety _32_to follow one of two patterns. Either they put their head in the sand: they would . 33 .examining their financial statements, budgeting, and discussing financial matters with those closest to them. Alternatively, they would go to the other . 34 and micro-analyze everything, to the point of complete 35 . They're convinced that whatever decision they make will be the wrong one A)appearance I) normal B) argued J) possibly C)avoid K)proposition D)considerable L) rebelled E) definitely M) statement F)extreme N) tend G) inaction O) traditional H) incredibly 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 23 页 共 58 页2020年09月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 It can be seen from the cheapest budget airlines to the world's largest carriers: Airlines across the globe 26 various shades of blue in their cabin seats, and it is no . 27 There does appear to be some psychology behind it. Blue is 28 with the positive qualities of trust, efficiency, quietness, coolness, reflection and calm. Nigel Goode is a leading aviation designer who works at a company which has been delivering aircraft interiors for airlines for 30 years.“Our job as designers is to reinforce the airline's brand and make it more . 29 ,”he says.“But our primary concern is to deliver an interior that . 30 comfort to create a pleasant environment.” “It's all about making the travelling experience less . 31 and blue is said to induce a feeling of calm. While some of the budget airlines might use brighter, bolder shades, most others go with softened tones. The . 32 aim is to create a home-like relaxing feel, so airlines tend to use soft colors that feel domestic, 33 and earthy for that reason.” It's also a trend that emerged decades ago and has 34 .stuck.“Blue became the color of choice because it's a conservative, agreeable, corporate shade that 35 .being trustworthy and safe. That's why you see it used in all of the older airlines like British Airways,” Nigel Goode added. A)associated I) maximizes B) coincidence J) natural C) determined K) principal D) drastically L)recognizable E) enormous M) simply F) imitate N) stressful G) indication O) symbolizes H) integrate 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 24 页 共 58 页2020年07月大学英语四级选词填空全1套 “Science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated.” Those were the words uttered by pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin, who firmly believed that the pursuit of science should be 26 to all. As a woman working in the first half of the 20th century, Franklin's contributions to some of the greatest scientific discoveries of our time including the structure of DNA— were sadly . 27 in her lifetime. More than 60 years after Franklin's death, we are . 28 _ living in a different world, where women play an important part in every echelon(阶层)of our society—not least in science, innovation, higher education and research. UK universities are world leaders when it comes to advancing and . 29 gender equality. In the past decade, we have seen a 30 increase in England in the number of women accepted on to full-time undergraduate degrees in science, technology, engineering and maths(Stem subjects). And in the last academic year, women 31 for more than half of all Stem postgraduates at UK universities. Data shows us the . 32 to success gets harder for women to climb the further up they go. Although women make up the majority of undergraduates in our universities, just under half of academic staff are female. At . 33 levels, only a quarter of professors are women, and black women make up less than 2of all female academic staff. There are also stark differences in pay across grades. The gender pay gap based on median salaries across the sector in 2016-2017 was 13.7? 34 there is still some way to go to ensure women are rising through the ranks to higher grade positions and being paid . 35 A) accessible I) nomination B) accounted J) overlooked C) adaptation K)promoting D) appropriately L) senior E) considerable M) submission F) effective N) suggesting G) ladder O) thankfully H) misread 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 25页 共 58 页2019年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or 26 the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is . 27 , and the label says“pure water". But maybe what's inside is not so . 28 . Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world . 29 .microplastics? That's the conclusion of a recently 30 study, which analysed 259 botles from 11 brands sold in nine countries,. 31 an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a 32 commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and 33 .containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water. Confronted with this . 34 , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the 35 health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles. A)adequate I) natural B) admiring J) potentia C) contains K)released D)defending L) revealing E) evidence M) sealed F) instant N)solves G) liquid O) substance H)modified 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 26 页 共 58 页2019年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Finally, some good news about airplane travel. If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get sick. That is the . 26 of a new study that looked at 27 on airplanes. Researchers found that only how respiratory(呼吸道)viruses people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example—or one row in front of or behind that individual—had a high risk of catching the illness. All other passengers had only a very . 28 chance of getting sick, according to the findings. Media reports have not necessarily presented 29 information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the past. Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less . 30 to catching respiratory infections while traveling by air. Prior to the new study, little was known about the risks of getting . 31 infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers said.So,to. 32 the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different 33 in the U.S. during the flu season. The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on 34 side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting sick. But other passengers were 35 safe from infection. They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the flu A)accurate I) nearby B) conclusion J) respond C)directly K)slim D) either L) spread E) evaluate M) summit F) explorations N) vividly G) flights O) vulnerable H) largely 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 27 页 共 58 页2019年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Millions of people travel by plane every single day. If you're planning on being one of them soon, you might not be looking forward to the 26 feeling air travel often leaves you with Besides the airport crowds and stress, travelling at a high altitude has real effects on the body. Although the pressure of the cabin is 27 .to prevent altitude sickness, you could still 28 sleepiness or a headache. The lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is 29to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of altitude. A drop in oxygen pressure can cause headaches in certain 30 . To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid alcohol and coffee. Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you 31 thought. The air you breathe in a plane dries out your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost 30 percent in a simulation of air travel. However, you can make your taste buds active again by drinking water. A dry mouth may 32 taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by drinking fluids. Although in-flight infections 33 in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of getting sick from an airplane is actually low because of the air 34 used. Unless you're . sitting next to someone who is coughing or sneezing, you shouldn't worry too much about getting sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, so wash your hands 35 A)adjusted I) particular B) channels J) primarily C) equivalen K)reduce D) experience L) renovated E) filters M) smooth F) frequently N) thrive G) individuals O) unpleasant H) originally 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 28 页 共 58 页2019年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has . 26 from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life. In a 27 to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28 that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road. “Michigan's 29 in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to 30 our leadership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead . 31 of four bills recently introduced. If all four bills pass as written, they would . 32 .a substantial update of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set up on-demand 33 of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building. Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34 , Califormia, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more . 35 rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self driving technology. A)bid I) replace B) contrast J) represent C) deputy K) restrictive D) dominance L) reward E) fleets M) significant F)knots N)sponsor G) legislation O) transmitted H)migrated 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 29 页 共 58 页2019年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Just because they can't sing opera or ride a bicycle doesn't mean that animals don't have culture. There's no better example of this than killer whales. As one of the most 26 27 of a cultured creature. .predators(食肉动物), killer whales may not fit the . However, these beasts of the sea do display a vast range of highly . 28 .behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development. The word "culture" comes from the Latin “colere," which . 29 means “to cultivate.” In other words, it refers to anything that is 30 or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populations, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spent many generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic 31 that help them digest and utilize this fat-rich diet, thereby allowing them to 32 in their cold climate. Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different . 33 across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet with an empire that . 34 from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn different hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey(猎物). This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to 35 that the ability to learn population- specific hunting methods could be driving the animals' genetic development. A)acquired I) image B) adaptations J) literally C) brutal K)refined D)deliberately L) revolyes E) expressed M)speculate F) extends N) structure G) habitats O) thrive H) humble 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023第30页 共 58 页2019年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Ships are often sunk in order to create underwater reefs(暗礁)perfect for scuba diving (水肺式潜泳) and preserving marine . 26 . Turkish authorities have just sunk something a little different than a ship, and it wouldn't normally ever touch water, an Airbus A300. The hollowed-out A300 was . 27 of everything potentially harmful to the environment and sunk off the Aegean coast today. Not only will the sunken plane . 28 the perfect skeleton for artificial reef growth, but authorities hope this new underwater attraction will bring tourists to the area. The plane 29 a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will 30 be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's 31 . Aydin Municipality bought the plane from a private company for just under US $100,000, but they hope to see a return on that 32 through the tourism industry. Tourism throughout Turkey is expected to fall this year as the country has been the . 33 of several deadly terrorist attacks. As far as sunken planes go, this Airbus A300 is the largest . 34 .sunk aircraft ever. Taking a trip underwater and . 35 the inside of a sunken A300 would be quite an adventure, and that is exactly what Turkish authorities are hoping this attraction will make people think. Drawing in adventure seekers and experienced divers, this new artificial Airbus reef will be a scuba diver's paradise (天堂). A)create I) intentionally B)depressed J) investment C) eventually K)revealing D)experiences L) stretches E) exploring M) stripped F)exterior N) territory G) habitats O) victim H) innovate 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 31 页 共 58 页2018年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Millions die early from air pollution each year. Air pollution costs the global economy more than $5 trillion annually in welfare costs, with the most serious 26 occurring in the developing world. The figures include a number of costs . 27 .with air pollution. Lost income alone amounts to $225 billion a year. The report includes both indoor and outdoor air pollution. Indoor pollution, which includes 28 .like home heating and cooking, has remained 29 _ over the past several decades despite advances in the area. Levels of outdoor pollution have grown rapidly along with rapid growth in industry and transportation. Director of Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation Chris Murray . 30 it as an “urgent call to action.”“One of the risk factors for premature deaths is the air we breathe, over which individuals have little . 31 ,” he said. The effects of air pollution are worst in the developing world, where in some places lost-labor income 32 nearly 1of GDP.Around 9 in 10 people in low-and middle- income countries live in places where they . 33 experience dangerous levels of outdoor air pollution. But the problem is not limited 34 .to the developing world. Thousands die prematurely in the U.S. as a result of related illnesses. In many European countries, where 35 _have become more common in recent years, that number reaches diesel (柴油). tens of thousands. A)ability I) exclusively B) associated J) innovated C) consciously K) regularly D) constant L) relates E) control M)sources F)damage N) undermine G) described O) vehicles H) equals 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 32 页 共 58 页2018年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Have you ever used email to apologize to a colleague? Delivered a _ 26 to a subordinate(下属)with a voice-mail message? Flown by plane across the country just to deliver important news in person? The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for . 27 and productivity — and at the same time very troublesome. With so many ways to communicate, how should a manager choose the one that's best — 28 when the message to be delivered is bad or unwelcome news for the recipient? We've . 29 .business communication consultants and etiquette(礼仪)experts to come up with the following guidelines for 30 using the alternative ways of delivering difficult messages First of all, choose how personal you want to be. A face-to-face communication is the most . 31 . Other choices, in descending order of personalization, are: a real-time phone call, a voice-mail message, a handwritten note, a typewritten letter, and the most 32 is email. Some of these may change order according to the 33 situation or your own preferences; for example, a handwritten note might seem more personal than voice-mail. How do you decide on the best choice for the difficult message you've got to deliver? “My. 34 concern is: How can I soften or civilize this message?” says etiquette expert Dana Casperson.“So when I apologize, I usually choose in-person first, or a phone conversation as my top alternative, and maybe a handwritten note next. Apologizing by .” email is something I now totally 35 A) avoid I) reward B) convenience J) silent C) effectively K)specific D) escape L) surveyed E) intimate M) unfriendly F)particularly N) warning G) primary O) witnessed H)prompt 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 33 页 共 58 页2018年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different . 26 I tried, I still couldn't get rid of the cough. Not only did it . 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders. I was . 29 because I knew so little about it and have never tried it before. Eventually,my cough got so much 30 that I couldn't sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scraping(刮) treatment known as Gua Sha'. I was a little 32 at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 _strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation. I didn't feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . Then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone! A)deeper I)remedies B) experiences J) scared C) hesitant K)sensitive D)inconvenience L) sink E) lessen M)temporary F) licenses N) tremble G)pressured O) worse H)recommended 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 34 页 共 58 页2018年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first 26 in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was 27 During this renovation the building's owners, CIS,. 28 the solar panel company, Solar century. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest 29 of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large 30 .has never been repeated since Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the"10 best green energy projects". For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was 31 overtaken by the Millbank Tower. Green buildings like this aren't 32_cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy 33 through fossil fuels. As solar panels get . 34 the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels,collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of . 35 , but rather one to collect the most solar energy. A) cheaper I) eventually B) cleaner J) height C) collection K)necessarily D) competed L) production E)constructed M)range F)consulted N) scale G) dimension O) undertaken H) discovered 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第35页 共 58 页2018年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze(霾). Nor is the state's bad air . 27 to its south. Fresno,in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents'hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 . All of which, combined with California's reputation as the home of technological 29 makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in . 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are . 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices. To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida Herzl,Aclima's boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workers went on strike and the city's 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely,“cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows. A) assisted I) inhabitants B)collaborating J) innovation C) consequence K)intended D) consumers L) outdoor E)creating M)pollutants F)detail N) restricted G) domestic O) sum H)frequently 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 36 页 共 58 页2018年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Neon(霓虹)is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Francisco.When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy(雾蒙蒙的) glow over a city lit up by tens of thousands of neon signs. But many of them are going dark, 27 .by more practical, but less romantic,LEDs(发光二极管). Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those wonderful old signs have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28 , but still carry great cost.“To me, neon represents memories of the past,” says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon celebrates the city's famous signs."Looking at the signs now I get a feeling of amazement, mixed with sadness.” Building a neon sign is an art practiced by . 29 .trained on the job to mold glass tubes into . 30 shapes and letters They fil these tubes with gases that glow when. 31 Neon makes orange, while other gases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a single sign. Blance spent a week in Hong Kong and 32 more than 60 signs; 22 of them appear in the series that capture the signs lighting up lonely streets—an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and craftsmanship.“I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old- fashioned . 34 of neon,” says Blance. The signs do nothing more than 35 _a restaurant, theater, or other business, but do so in the most striking way possible. A)alternative I) photographed B) approach J) professionals C) cast K)quality D)challenging L) replaced E) decorative M)stimulate F) efficient N) symbolizes G) electrified O) volunteers H) identify 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 37 页 共58 页2017年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some . 26 _skills that could help the treatment of human diseases. Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban . 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 of your index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29 memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images. Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long- tailed animal is highly . 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors (嗅觉感受器),whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect 33 _smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to a 34 detect TB(肺结核).When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to . sample is infected Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to . 35 but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives. A) associated I) slight B) examine J) specify C) indicate K)superior D) nuisance L) suspicious E) peak M)tip F)preventing N) treated G) prohibiting O) visual H) sensitive 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 38 页 共 58 页2017年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and communication became commonplace in the U.S. The driving force behind much of this change was a(n) 26 popularly known as the Internet. The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack, military advisers suggested the 27 of being able to operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the Internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists. The Internet 28 under government control until 1984. One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone lines could only transmit information at a 29 .rate. The development of fiber-optic(光纤)cables allowed for billions of bits of information to be received every minute. Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could process the 30 .signals at a more rapid rate. In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, for 31 _ purposes. Corporations created home pages where they could place text and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel . 32 and even cars and homes could be purchased online. Universities 33 research data on the Internet, so students could find . 34 information without leaving their dormitories. Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and 35 online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living from home offices unshaven and wearing pajamas (睡衣). A) advantage I)maintainec B)commercial J) occupations C)conservation K)posted D)equipped L) remained E) incoming M) reservations F) innovation N)submitted G) limited O) valuable H)local 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 39 页 共 58 页2017年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 We all know there exists a great void(空白)in the public educational system when it comes to . 26 to STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) courses. One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at all . 27 of the public educational system. She said,“I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after noticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to . 28 .my own kids in.” She decided to start an afterschool program where children 29 in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state 30 , she decided to devote all her time to cultivating and 31 it. The global business EFK was born. Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to 32 .recreation centers. Today, the EFK program 33 over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled from $5 million in 2014 to $10 million in 2015,with 25 new branches planned for 2016. The EFK website states,“Our nation is not . 34 enough engineers. Our phi.”losophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great 35 A)attracted I) feeding B) career J) graduating C) championships K) interest D)degrees L) levels E) developing M) local F)enroll N) operates G) exposure O) participated H) feasible 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第40 页 共 58 页2017年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 The method for making beer has changed over time. Hops(啤酒花), for example, which give many a modern beer its bitter flavor, are a 26 recent addition to the beverage. This was first mentioned in reference to brewing in the ninth century. Now, researchers have found a 27 .ingredient in residue(残留物)from 5000-year-old beer brewing equipment. While digging two pits at a site in the central plains of China, scientists discovered fragments from pots and vessels. The different shapes of the containers 28 they were used to brew, filter, and store beer. They may be ancient “beer-making tools,” and the earliest . 29 _evidence of beer brewing in China, the researchers reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. To 30 .that theory, the team examined the yellowish, dried . 31 . inside the vessels. The majority of the grains, about 80?were from cereal crops like barley(大麦), and about 10were bits of roots,. 32 lily, which would have made the beer sweeter, the scientists say. Barley was an unexpected find: the crop was domesticated in Western Eurasia and didn't become a 33 food in central China until about 2,000 years ago, according to the researchers. Based on that timing, they indicate barley may have 34 in the region not as food, but as 35 material for beer brewing. A)arrived I) relatively B) consuming J) remains C) direct K)resources D) exclusively L) staple E) including M) suggest F) inform N) surprising G) raw O) test H) reached 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 41 页 共 58 页2017年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During . 26 exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a 27 called “central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the body's chemical messengers prevents the central nervous system from directing muscle movements . 28 . It was not known, however, whether central fatigue might also affect motor systems not directly 29 in the exercise itself, such as those that move the eyes. To find out, researchers gave 11 30 either with a moderate dose of volunteer cyclists a carbohydrate (碳水化合物的). caffeine(咖啡因),which is known to stimulate the central nervous system, or as a placebo 31 . After exercising, the scientists tested the (安慰剂)without, during 3 hours of cyclists with eye-tracking cameras to see how well their brains could still . 32 their visual system. The team found that exercise reduced the speed of rapid eye movements by about 8%, 33 their ability to capture new visual information. The caffeine, the equivalent of two strong cups of coffee, was 34 to reverse this effect, with some cyclists even displaying 35 eye movement speeds. So it might be a good idea to get someone else to drive you home after that marathon. A)cautiously I) phenomenon B) commit J) preventing C) control K)sensitive D) cycling L) slowing E) effectively M) solution F)increased N) sufficient G) involved O) vigorous H) limited 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 42 页 共 58 页2017年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 America's Internet is faster than ever before, but people still complain about their Internet being too slow. New York's Attorney General's office . 26 .an investigation in the fall into whether or not Verizon, Cablevision and Time Warner are delivering broadband that's as fast as the providers . 27 it is. Earlier this month, the office asked for the public's help to measure their speed results, saying consumers 28 to get the speeds they were promised.“Too many of us may be paying for one thing, and getting another,” the Attorney General said. If the investigation uncovers anything, it wouldn't be the first time a telecom provider got into . 29 over the broadband speeds it promised and delivered customers. Back in June,the Federal Communications Commission fined AT& T $ 100 million over . 30 that the carrier secretly reduced wireless speeds after customers consumed a certain amount of . 31 , Even when they stay on the right side of the law, Internet providers arouse customers'anger over bandwidth speed and cost. Just this week, an investigation found that media and telecom giant Comcast is the most . 32 provider. Over 10 months, Comcast received nearly 12,000 customer complaints, many 33 to its monthly data cap and overage(超过额度的)charges. Some Americans are getting so 34 with Internet providers they're just giving up. A recent study found that the number of Americans with high-speed Internet at home today 35 .fell during the last two years, and 15of people now consider themselves to be“cord-cutters.” A)associated I) slight B) examine J) specify C) indicate K)superior D)nuisance L) suspicious E) peak M)tip F)preventing N) treated G) prohibiting O) visual H) sensitive 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 43 页 共 58 页2016年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 When someone commits a criminal act, we always hope the punishment will match the offense. But when it comes to one of the cruelest crimes—animal fighting—things . 26 . work out that way.Dog-fighting victims are 27 and killed for profit and“sport,” yet their criminal abusers often receive a 28 sentence for causing a lifetime of pain. Roughly half of all federally-convicted animal fighters only get probation(缓刑). . Some progress has been made in the prosecution(起诉) of animal fighters. But federal judges often rely heavily on the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines when they 29 penalties, and in the case of animal fighting, those guidelines are outdated and extremely . 30 The U.S. Sentencing Commission, which . 31 these sentencing guidelines, is revisiting them, proposing to raise the minimum sentence from 6-12 to 21-27 months. This is a step in the right . 32 , but we'd like to see the U.S. Sentencing Commission make further changes to the guidelines. Along with this effort, we're working with animal advocates and state and federal lawmakers to . 33 anti-cruelty laws across the country, as well as supporting laws and policies that assist overburdened animal . 34 that care for animal fighting victims. This help is 35 important because the high cost of caring for animal victims is a major factor that prevents people from getting involved in cruelty cases in the first place. A) convenient I) method B) creates J)minimal C) critically K)rarely D) determine L) shelters E) direction M)strengthen F) hesitate N) sufferings G) inadequate O) tortured H) inspired 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 44 页 共 58 页2016年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 The ocean is heating up. That's the conclusion of a new study that finds that Earth's oceans now . 26 heat at twice the rate they did 18 years ago. Around half of ocean heat intake since 1865 has taken place since 1997, researchers report online in Nature Climate Change Warming waters are known to 27 to coral bleaching (珊瑚白化)and they take up more space than cooler waters, raising sea 28 . While the top of the ocean is well studied, its depths are more difficult to . 29 . The researchers gathered 150 years of ocean temperature data in order to get a better 30 of heat absorption from surface to seabed. They gathered together temperature readings collected by everything from a 19th century . 31 of British naval ships to modern automated ocean probes. The extensive data sources,. 32 __with computer simulations(计算机模拟),created a timeline of ocean temperature changes, including cooling from volcanic outbreaks and warming from fossil fuel 33 About 35 percent of the heat taken in by the oceans during the industrial era now resides at a 34 of more than 700 meters, the researchers found. They say they're 35 whether the deep-sea warming canceled out warming at the sea's surface. A)absorb I) heights B)combined J) indifferent C) contribute K)levels D) depth L) mixed E) emissions M) picture F) excursion N) unsure G) explore O) voyage H)floor 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023第45页 共 58 页2016年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Many men and women have long bought into the idea that there are“male” and “female”brains, believing that explains just about every difference between the sexes. A new study . 26 that belief, questioning whether brains really can be distinguished by gender In the study, Tel Aviv University researchers . 27 .for sex differences throughout the entire human brain. And what did they find? Not much. Rather than offer evidence for . 28 brains as “male”or“female,” research shows that brains fall into a wide range, with most people falling right in the middle. Daphna Joel, who led the study, said her research found that while there are some gender-based 29 , many different types of brain can't always be distinguished by gender While the“average”male and“average” female brains were . 30 different, you couldn't tell it by looking at individual brain scans. Only a small . 31 of people had “all-male” or“all-female” characteristics. Larry Cahill, an American neuroscientist(神经科学家),said the study is an important addition to a growing body of research questioning 32 .beliefs about gender and brain function. But he cautioned against concluding from this study that all brains are the same,. 33 of gender. “There's a mountain of evidence 34 the importance of sex influences at all levels of brain function,"he told The Seattle Times. If anything, he said, the study . 35 that gender plays a very important role in the brain—“even when we are not clear exactly how.” A) abnormal I)regardless B)applied J) searched C) briefly K)similarities D) categorizing L) slightly E) challenges M) suggests F)figure N) tastes G) percentage O) traditional H)proving 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 46 页 共 58 页2016年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Physical activity does the body good, and there's growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own,. 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies that looked at physical activity and academic 28 , investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading. The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as schools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time.With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom instead of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be. 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are . 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 .and relieve stress, which can also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when they're running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well. A) attendance I) mood B) consequently J) mutually C) current K)particularly D)depressing L) performance E) dropping M) review F)essentia N) survive G) feasible O) tend H) flow 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 47 页 共 58 页2016年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Signs barring cell—phone use are a familiar sight to anyone who has ever sat in a hospital waiting room. But the . 26 .popularity of electronic medical records has forced hospital-based doctors to become 27 on computers throughout the day, and desktops —which keep doctors from bedsides—are 28 giving way to wireless devices. As clerical loads increased,“something had to 29 , and that was always face time with patients."says Dr. Bhakti Patel, a former chief resident in the University of Chicago's internal-medicine program. In fall 2010, she helped . 30 a pilot project in Chicago to see if the iPad could improve working conditions and patient care. The experiment was so 31 that all internal-medicine residents at the university now get iPads when they begin the program. Johns Hopkins' internal-medicine program adopted the same . 32 in 2011. Medical schools at Yale and Stanford now have paperless, iPad-based curriculums. “You'll want an iPad just so you can wear this” is the slogan for one of the new lab coats 33 with large pockets to accommodate tablet computers. A study of the University of Chicago iPad project found that patients got tests and 34 faster if they were cared for by iPad-equipped residents. Many patients also . 35 a better understanding of the illnesses that landed them in the hospital in the first place. A)dependent I) policy B) designed J) prospect C) fast K)rather D) flying L) reliable E)gained M) signal F)give N)successful G) growing O) treatments H) launch 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第48 页 共58 页2016年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children 26 every bit as much care and support to their agi,ng parents as was the case in the"good old days", and most older people do not feel . 27 About 80of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90of them have . 28 contact with their children. About 75of elderly parents who don't go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children. However, 29 having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be . 30 , however, as ill health often makes older people more . 31 and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement,. 32 spirits. Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious . 33 , they cause are likely to enjoy each other's company. Disagreements on such matters can . 34 problems. If parents are angered by their daughter's divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren,. 35 are that they are not going to enjoy her visits A) abandoned I) frequent B) advanced J) fulfillment C)biased K)grant D) chances L) merely E) commitment M) provide F)dampens N) understandably G) dependent O) unrealistically H) distant 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023第49 页 共 58 页2015年12月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 Children do not think the way adults do. For most of the first year of life, if something is out of sight, it's out of mind. If you cover a baby's 26 toy with a piece of cloth, the baby thinks the toy has disappeared and stops looking for it.A 4-year-old may 27 that a sister has more fruit juice when it is only the shapes of the glasses that differ, not the 28 of juice. Yet children are smart in their own way. Like good little scientists, children are always testing their child-sized . 29 about how things work. When your child throws her spoon on the floor for the sixth time as you try to feed her, and you say,“That's enough! I will not pick up your spoon again!" the child will . 30 test your claim. Are you serious? Are you angry? What will happen if she throws the spoon again? She is not doing this to drive you 31 rather, she is learning that her desires and yours can differ, and that sometimes those 32 are important and sometimes they are not. How and why does children's thinking change? In the 1920s, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget proposed that children's cognitive(认知的)abilities unfold 33 , like the blooming of a flower, almost independent of what else is 34 in their lives. Although many of his specific conclusions have been 35 or modified over the years, his ideas inspired thousands of studies by investigators all over the world. A)advocate I) immediately B) amount J) naturally C) confirmed K)obtaining D)crazy L) primarily E) definite M) protest F)differences N) rejected G) favorite O) theories H)happening 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 50 页 共 58 页2015年12月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increases in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is 26 different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progresses in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well. It seems that the information society . 27 the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a 28 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different . 29 is possible when the actual amount of information 30 by the user is taken into account. In fact, the more information 31 throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between"information haves” and"information have-nots", leading to digital divide. According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major 32 class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With . 33 to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, . 34 .with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation, 35 to an industrial society A)accustomed I) flows B) acquired J) fundamentally C) assembly K) interpretation D)attribute L) passive E) champions M) regard F) elements N) respectively G) expands O) superficial H) familiar 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 51 页 共 58 页2015年12月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 For many Americans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold spell. Late November and December 26 early snow and bone-chilling temperatures in much of the country, part of a year when, for the first time in two . 27 , record-cold days will likely turn out to have outnumbered record-warm ones. But the U. S. was the exception: November was the warmest ever . 28 , and current data indicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth hottest year on record. Enjoy the snow now, because 29 are good that 2014 will be even hotter, perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept. That's because, scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an El Niho year. El Niho, Spanish for “the child”, 30 when surface ocean waters in the southern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific, covering 30of the planet's surface, that the 31 energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes around the world. El Ni nos are . 32 with abnormally dry conditions in Southeast Asia and Australia. They can lead to extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even as southern Africa 33 .dry weather. Marine life may be affected too: El Niho can 34 the rising of the cold, mutrient-rich(营养丰富的)water that supports large fish . 35 , and the unusually warm ocean temperatures can destroy coral (珊瑚). A)additional I) logically B)associated J) occurs C) bore K)populations D) chances L) realize E) communicated M) reduce F) decades N) saw G) experiences O) Specific H) globally 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 52 页 共 58 页2015年06月大学英语四级选词填空第1套 As a teacher, you could bring the community into your classroom in many ways. The parents and grandparents of your students are resources and 26 for their children. They can be 27 .teachers of their own traditions and histories. Immigrant parents could talk about their country of 28 . and why they emigrated to the United States. Parents can be invited to talk about their jobs or a community project. Parents, of course, are not the only community resources. Employees at local businesses and staff at community agencies have 29 information to share in classrooms. Field trips provide another opportunity to know the community. Many students don't have the opportunity to 30concerts or visit museums or historical sites except through field trips. A school district should have . 31 for selecting and conducting field trips. Families must be made . 32 of field trips and give permission for their children to participate Through school projects, students can learn to be 33 in community projects ranging from planting trees to cleaning up a park to assisting elderly people. Students, 34 older ones, might conduct research on a community need that could lead to action by a city council or state government. Some schools require students to provide community service by 35 in a nursing home, child care center or government agency. These projects help students understand their responsibility to the larger community. A)assets I) joining B) attend J) naturally C) aware K)observe D)especially L) origin E) excellent M) recruited F)expensive N)up-to-date G) guidelines O) volunteering H) involved 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第 53 页 共 58 页2015年06月大学英语四级选词填空第2套 It's our guilty pleasure: Watching TV is the most common everyday activity, after work and sleep, in many parts of the world. Americans view five hours of TV each day, and while we know that spending so much time sitting . 26 .can lead to obesity(肥胖症) and other diseases, researchers have now quantified just how 27 being a couch potato can be In an analysis of data from eight large 28 published studies, a Harvard-led group reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per day spent channel 29 , the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes(糖尿病) rose 20over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease increased 15over a . 30 , and the odds of dying prematurely 31 13uring a seven-year follow-up. All of these . 32 are linked to a lack of physical exercise. But compared with other sedentary(久坐的) activities, like knitting, viewing TV may be especially 33 at promoting unhealthy habits. For one, the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time we spend on anything else. And other studies have found that watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to 34 them. Even so, the authors admit that they didn't compare different sedentary activities 35 whether TV watching was linked to a greater risk of diabetes, heart disease to or early death compared with, say, reading. A)climbed I) previously B) consume J) resume C) decade K) suffered D)determine L) surfing E) effective M) term F) harmful N) terminals G) outcomes O) twisting H) passively 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第54 页 共 58 页2015年06月大学英语四级选词填空第3套 The U.S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is 26 the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most. “All children are 27 .to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is . 28 important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full . 29 ,”U.S.Secretary of Education Arne Duncan said.“Despite the excellent work and deep . 30 _of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will 31 their own creative solutions, but we must work together to . 32 our focus on how to better recruit, support and . 33 effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most.” Today's announcement is another important step forward in improving access to a quality education, a . 34 of President Obama's year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a round table discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the . 35 of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools. A)announcing I) distributing B)beneficial J)enhance C) challenges K) entitled D)commitment L)potential E) component M) properly F)contests N)qualified G) critically O) retain H) develop 英语四级选词填空真题汇总2015-2023 第55页 共 58 页