11-14 单元复习
第17 讲
适用学科
初中英语
适用年级
九年级
适用区域
人教版区域
课时时长（分钟）
120
知识点
1. 动词不定式省略to 的情况
2. 宾语从句
3. 词语辨析
4. 过去完成时
5. Be used to
6. 动词不定式的用法总结
7. 意义一致原则
8. 就近原则
9. 语法一致原则
教学目标
1. 知识与技能目标：
1）I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7.
remember 的用法
2）I know that Ms. Lee was always patient with you in math class. 宾语从句以及be patient
with sb
3）make sb adj. / make sb do sth
4）比较级的用法, 越来越……
5) But it used to be so clean! used 的用法。
2. 过程与方法：
1）归纳总结；
概述
2）理解应用。
3. 情感态度和价值观：
1）通过复习能够利用语法规则进行解题，能够准确的利用语法组织英语表达。
教学重点
Make 的用法，be used to 的用法，过去完成时
教学难点
过去完成时
教学过程
一导入
Ask students to talk with each other about “protect the environment”.
It has to include:
Why should we protect the environment?
What can we do to protect the environment?
二知识讲解
知识点1 keep one’s cool
沉住气，保持冷静
在本短语中，cool 意为“冷静”。
如：One of Tom’s great strengths is the ability to keep cool when things start to go wrong.
知识点2 afford
(1) 动词，意为“承担得起；买得起”。
如：I can’t afford this car.
(2) 常构成短语：afford to do sth. 意为“负担得起做某事”。
如：I can’t afford to buy this car.
知识点3 put down 与bring down
(1) pull down 意为“拉下，拆毁”。
(2) bring down 意为“拿下；带下；搬下”。
如：He tried to pull down the zipper(拉链) normally.
He’ll need help to bring the computer down.
知识点4 put sth to good use
意为“好好利用”。
如：The waste water was put to good use.
知识点5 be used to
1.used to be+形容词/名词（短语）表示“过去存在某种状态”。
如：I used to be very quiet.
She used to be an English teacher.
2. used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。
如：My father used to read newspapers after dinner.
3. be used to(doing)sth.意为“习惯于（做）某事”。
Now I am used to practicing handwriting after finishing my homework.
知识点6
过去完成时
概念：过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态行为，它表示动作发生的
时间是“过去的过去”，它是一种相对于一般过去时的时态，没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时。
时间状语：before, by +过去的时间点；by the end of+过去的时间（last year, term, month…) , etc.
基本结构：had + done.
否定形式：had + not + done.
一般疑问句：had 放于句首。
如：The bus had gone when I got there.
The bus had not gone when I got there.
Had the bus gone when you got there?
知识点7 alive
(1) 形容词，“活着的；有生气的”，是表语形容词，不能放在它所说明的名词之前。
如：He says he is alive only because he is foreign.
(2) living 既可用作表语形容词，又可用作定语形容词，故可以放在它所修饰的名词之前。
如：English is a living language.
His father is still living.
知识点8 辨析above, on 与over
(1) above 意为“在……之上”，表示位置高，其反义词是below。
(2) over 意为“在……之上”，表示垂直向上，其反义词是under。
(3) on 意为“在……之上”表示与物体表面相接触。
如：His office is above ours.
The lamp is over the table.
There is a book on the desk.
知识点9 be about to do sth
(1) be about to do sth. 表示即将做某事。
如：The plane is about to take off.
(2) be about to do sth. when…表示正要做某事，突然发生其它事。
如：I was about to do my homework when my father came in.
知识点10 辨析embarrassing 与embarrassed
两词都有“尴尬的，为难的”
(1) embarrassing 用于修饰事情。
(2) embarrassed 用于修饰人。
如：He laughed off an embarrassing situation, so he didn’t look embarrassed.
知识点11 辨析take place 与happen
(1) take place 表示“发生，举行，举办”，一般指非偶然性事件，一定有原因或事先的安排。
(2) happen 表示“发生，碰巧”，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。
如：The Olympic Games of 2008 took place in Beijing.
What happened to you?
知识点12 make 的用法
(1) make sb. adj. 意为“使某人……”。
如：Sunny days make me happy.
(2) make sb. do sth.
意为“使某人做某事”。
如：The bad music made me want to leave.
知识点13 neither…nor
(1) 意为“既不……也不……”，可连接任意两个并列的成分。作主语时，谓语动词采用“就近原则”。
如：Neither you nor he is out of money.
(2) either…or…意为“或者……或者……”；not only…but also…意为“不但……而且……”；there be 意为“有”
均采用“就近原则”。
知识点14 the more ...
the more...
意为“越……，越……”。
如：The more I got to know Julie, the more I’ve realize that we have a lot in common.
知识点15 辨析rather than 与instead of
(1) 两个短语都有“而不是”的意思。
(2) rather than 常用于平等结构，用来连接两个词性相同的、并列的成分。
(3) instead of 除“而不是”的意思外，还有“代替”的意思，后面通常接名词、代词或doing。
如：I want to be a tour guide rather than an English teacher.
I will play basketball instead of swimming.
知识点16 be thirsty for
动词词组，意为“渴望；渴求”，后接名词。
如：Young man should be thirsty for knowledge.
知识点17 be responsible for
动词词组，意为“对……有责任；负责任”，后接名词。
如：Do you want to be responsible for your own life decisions?
知识点18 不定式to do
的用法总结
①作主语：被视为单数，常被形式主语it 代替，而把to do 置于句尾
例：It is +adj./n.+(for sb. / of sb.)+to do sth.
It takes +sb. + st. +to do sth.
②作表语：be+ to do sth.“是做某事”
③作宾语：常用动词：like, wish, hope, decide, learn, start, agree, want, plan 等。
★被形宾代替：think / find / make+ it+adj. +(for sb. / of sb.)+ to do sth.
④作宾补：常用动词：teach, tell, ask, invite, wish, want, allow, encourage 等。
★常用省略to 的不定式作宾补的动词有：
感官动词：see, notice, watch, hear
使役动词：have, make, let
在被动语态中要还原to
⑤作定语：要后置。
★若不定式是不及物动词，作定语时其后介词不能省。
修饰的名词是time,place,way 时其后上常省略介词
⑥作状语：表目的：go to some place to do / do sb. can to do / follow sb. to do
表原因：be sorry to do / be happy to do
/be pleased to do
⑦疑问词+不定式
相当于一个名词
俗称“宾从省略式”
知识点19 语法一致原则
1. 单数名词或代词，动词不定式，动名词短语，句子作主语+单谓动
2. 复数名词或代词作主语+复谓动
3. 由and, both...and...连接的并列主语+复谓动
4. more than one+单名，many a +单名，作主语+单谓动
5. 主语后的with, together with, along with, but, except, besides, like 等不算主语数
6. 常复数形式出现glasses, trousers, pants, gloves, shoes, scissors 作主语+复谓
若用了pair 等计量单位名词修饰，谓动由pair 等词的单复数形式决定。
7. a number of+复名,作主语+复谓
the number of+复名, 作主语+单谓
8. each 或复合不定代词（some-
any-
every-
no- ），作主语+单谓
9. one of, each of, none of, either of, neither of,作主语+单谓
10. 定从中，关系代词作主语时，定从谓动的单复数应与先行词保持一致。
知识点
20 意义一致原则
1. and 连接的并列主语指同一人或物,作主语+单谓
The writer and the singer are from the USA.
The writer and singer is from the USA.
2. 时间、距离、金钱、度量衡等词作主语无论单复数，一律+单谓
3. news, physics, math, politics 作主语+单谓
4. people, police 等作主语+复谓
5. 集合名词,如:class, family, group, team, Chinese, Japanese 等作主语,
指整体+单谓;
指个体+复谓
6. all,some, any, half, enough, most, the rest,（百）分数等作主语，谓动由名词定数
7.“the+形容词”表示“一类人”,作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
8.“the+姓氏复数”表示“某某夫妇”或“某某一家人”,作主语,谓动用复数
9. population 被视为单数，但前有分数修饰时，被视为复数
知识点
21 就近一致原则
or,
either...or,
neither...nor,
not only...but also...,
not...but...
There be
例题1
___________ those lights, please. Don’t use so much energy.
A. Take off
B. Put on
C. Turn off
D. Turn on
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查动词词组辨析；题意：关掉那些灯请不要使用那么多能量。故选C。
例题2
At last the boy was made ________ and began to laugh.
A. stop crying
B. to stop to cry
C. to stop crying
D. stop to cry
【答案】C
【解析】被动语态与非谓语动词make, have, see 等动词在变为被动语态时要把省略的不定式符号to 补出来；
stop to do “停下来去干…”；stop doing“停止做…” 句意为“小男孩停止哭笑了起来”，故选C。
例题3
How time flies! Three years ________ really a short time.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察主谓一致；时间、距离、金钱无论多少一律被视为单数，所以选A。
例题4
In our school library, there ________ a number of books on science and the number of them ________ growing
larger and larger.
A. is; are
B. are; is
C. have; is
D. is; have
三例题精析
【答案】B
【解析】本题考察主谓一致；There be 结构采用就近一致原则a number of 意思是“许多……”被视为复数，
所以用are；the number of 意思是“……的数量”，被视为单数，所以用is，因此本题选B
例题5
Nobody but Li Hua ________ the secret.
A. knows
B. know
C. have known
D. is known
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察主谓一致；本题主语是nobody，复合不定代词被视为单数，所以选A。
例题6
He has failed several times, but he won’t __________.
A. go on
B. come on
C. get up
D. give up
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察动词词组辨析；题意：他已经失败几次，但他将不放弃。靠意思，选D。
例题7
He ________ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag.
A. picked up
B. threw away
C. looked for
D. handed in
【答案】A
【解析】本题考察动词词组辨析；题意：他捡起一张费纸放它进入垃圾袋。考意思，选A。
例题8
My parents ________ getting up early on weekdays.
A. used to
B. be used to
C. was used to
D. are used to
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：在工作日，我父母习惯于早起。“习惯于做某事”用be used to doing
sth.结合句意可知本句用一般现在时，故答案为D。
例题9
He lost his key. It made him ________ in the cold to wait for his wife’s return.
A. to stay
B. stayed
C. stays
D. stay
【答案】D
【解析】本题考察使役动词，make sb. do sth.，故答案为D。
例题10
The boy is sleeping. Please ________ the radio.
A. turn up
B. turn down
C. turn on
D. turn off
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。句意需要“调小”，故答案为B。
四课堂运用
单项选择
1. -It’s his new book, but I think it is more interesting than his other books.
- I agree with you. His latest book is up to his highest__________________
A. choice
B. standard
C. purpose
D. wealth
2. Could you tell me how to behave politely in public in the UK?
-Yes, _____________________you should keep your voice down and always queue.
A. After all
B. First of all
C. In all
D. At all
3. - I passed my driving test yesterday?
-Did you?_____________
基础
A. Forget it!
B. Congratulations!
C. Thanks.
D. Don’t worry.
4. Choose one that is the same with the phrase underlined.
John will call you in advance to tell you when and where to meet.
A.in a way B.in time C.later D.ahead of time
5. As we ________________on our new journey,we shouldn't forget where we came from.
A. take out
B. set out
C. cut out
D. blow out
6. -Mr. Lin, I have some difficulty ______________________the article.
-Remember__________________ it three or four times at least.
A. to understand; reading
B.understanding; reading
C.understanding; to read
D. to understand; to read
7. -What should we do for the disabled children?
-You should ___________a study group to help them.
A. take up
B. set up
C. look up
D. put up
8. -Wow, your sweater is very beautiful!
-Thank you. I bought it two days ago. It __________________me $ 50.
A. took
B. cost C. paid
D. spent
9. Please_______________the lights when you go out.
A. turn down
B. turn up
C. turn up D. turn off
10. More and more people have realized that we shouldn't___________the ancient buildings in cities.
A. get off
B. put off
C. cut down D. pull down
答案：1-5 B B B D B 6-10 C B B D D
1. B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一—这本书是他新写的书，不过我认为这本书比他的其他书更有趣。——
我同意你的看法。他最近出版的书达到了他的最高。choice“选择”；standard“标准”；purpose“目标”；
wealth“财富”。根据句意应该是他新写的书达到他的最高写作水平。故选B。
2. B 考查副词短语。句意：一你能告诉我在英国如何在公共场合举止文明吗?—一好。首先，你应当放低声
音，总是要排队。after all“毕竞”；first of all“首先”；in all“总共”；at all“根本”。故选B。
3. B 考查情景交际。句意：—昨天我通过驾照考试了！——你通过了?当我们得知对方通过驾照考
试时，应该表示祝贺。故选B。
4. D 考查同义词替换。句意：约翰会事先给你打电话告诉你在什么时间什么地点见面。in advance“预先，
提前"，in a way“在某种程度上”，in time“及时”，later“较晚，更晚”，ahead of time“提前”。故选D。
5. B 考查动词短语。句意：当我们开始新的旅程时，我们不应该忘记我们是从哪里来的。take out“取出；
除去”；set out“动身；出发”；cut out“裁剪，剪下”；blow out“吹熄”。故选B。
6. C 考查非谓语动词。句意：——林老师，我在理解这篇文章上有困难。——记得至少要读三到四遍。have
difficulty doing sth.意为“在做某事方面有困难”remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事”。故本题选C。
7. B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一—我们应该为残疾儿童做点什么呢?——你们应该成立一个学习小组来帮
助他们。set up“创立，建立”，故选B。
8. B 考查动词。句意：——哇，你的毛衣真漂亮！一—谢谢。我两天前买的。它花了我50 美元。表示“某
物花费某人多少钱”，用动词cost。故选B。
9. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当出去的时候，请灯。turn down“开小（音量、电源等）"；turn up
“开大（音量、电源等）”；turn on“打开（电源等）”；turnoff“关闭（电源等）”。根据常识，出去应
该关灯。故选D。
10. D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：越来越多的人意识到我们不应该推倒城市里的古建筑。get off“下车”；
put off 推迟”；cut down“切断”；pull down“推倒”。故本题选D。
巩固
1. Computers are very important in our life today. (改为感叹句）
_______________
______________computers are in our life today!
2. Where does the man live? I don’t
know.(合并为一句）
I don't know ___________the man__________________.
3. The river near our village used to be clean. (改为否定句）
The river near our villager____________
_______________ to be clean.
4.We don’t have enough money to buy that car. (改为同义句）
We ______________
__________________ to buy that car.
4. We watched Zhang Yining play table tennis on TV.（改为被动语态）
Zhang Yining __________________
________________
_______________
________________play table
tennis on TV.
答案：1. How important
2. where; lives
3. didn’t use / used not 4. can’t afford 5. was watched to play
拔高
用所给单词的适当形式填空
discover, can, cancel, fool, believe
1. He _____________me into giving him much money.
2. In the future, humans_____________ more secrets of nature.
3. He is an honest man and his words are_________________.
4. I didn’t know the competition of model planes __________________the other day.
5. On those snowy days, all the drivers drove as carefully as they ______________.
答案1. fooled
2. will discover
3. believable 4. was cancel(1)ed
5. could
五课堂小结
1. Keep one’s cool 沉住气，保持冷静
2. Be thirsty for 动词词组，意为“渴望；渴求”，后接名词。
3. Be responsible for 动词词组，意为“对……有责任；负责任”，后接名词。
4.
make sb adj / do sth
5. neither...nor... 意为“既不……也不……”，可连接任意两个并列的成分。作主语时，谓语动词采用“就近
原则”。
6. The more... the more...意为“越……，越……”。
7. 过去完成时常见的时间状语从句有by, before, by the end of last year
8. above 意为“在……之上”，表示位置高，其反义词是below。
over 意为“在……之上”，表示垂直向上，其反义词是under。
on 意为“在……之上”表示与物体表面相接触。
9. be about to do sth. when…表示正要做某事，突然发生其它事。
两词都有“尴尬的，为难的”embarrassing 用于修饰事情。embarrassed 用于修饰人。
afford 动词，意为“承担得起；买得起”。常构成短语：afford to do sth. 意为“负担得起做某事”
10. Put to good use 意为“好好利用”。
11. Be used to be+形容词/名词（短语）表示“过去存在某种状态”。
used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”。
be used to(doing)sth.意为“习惯于（做）某事”。
六课后作业
基础
1. Mr .Green is the person who is responsible _______________the job.
1 A. with
B. of
C. for
D. as
2. If you don’t know how to use the new computer, you can read the___________________ first.
A. inventions
B. instruction
C. experiences
D. experiment
3. She doesn’t like swimming, so she_____________goes swimming in her free time.
A. always
B. usually
C. often
D. seldom
4. Old Mr.Black lives happily with his three dogs. _______________of them are part of his family.
A. Both
B. All
C. None
D. Neither
5. Which season do you like_________________ ,winter or summer?
-Summer.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D the best
6. Practice more, you’ll do better in playing _________________chess.
A. but
B. and
C. when
D. after
7. If you want to be a good teacher, you should be ________________students.
A. angry with
B. full of
C. relaxed about D. patient with
答案：1-5 C B D B B 6-7. B D
解析：1. C 考查介词。be responsible for 是固定搭配，故所缺的介词是for。
2. B 考查名词辨析。结合本题语境可知，如果不会使用这台新电脑，可以先看看说明书，故所缺的词是
instructions。
3. D 考查副词辨析。根据本题中的“她不喜欢游泳”可推断，所缺的频度副词是seldom。
4. B 考查不定代词。句意：老莱克先生和他的三只狗一起快乐地生活。它们都是他家庭中的一部分。由题
干中的three 及语境可知答案为B 项。
5. B 考查副词的比较级。句意：—冬天和夏天，你更喜欢哪个季节？——夏天。本题对冬天和夏天两者进
行比较，应用比较级，故选B。
6. B 考查连词。句意：多练习，你下国际象棋的水平会更高些。本句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，故答
案为B 项。
7. D 考查固定搭配。句意：如果你想当个好老师，你应该对学生有耐心。故be patient with 符合题意。
巩固
1. Since we began to use the Internet, our lives______________ a lot.
A. change
B. had changed
C. will change
D. have changed
2. People__________ overweight need more water than thin people.
A. who is
B. which are C. that is
D. who are
3. -Excuse me, could you please tell me____________________ ?
-Sure. It’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A. how long it takes to go to the zoo
B. how far it is from here to the zoo
C. how far is it from here to the zoo
4. The man drew a series of pictures about WeChat _________________how to use this software.
A. to show
B. showed C. shows D. to showing
5. He speaks English very well because he________________ in the US for 20 years.
A.lives
B.lived
C.has lived
D.had lived
答案：D D B A C
1. D 考查时态。since 是现在完成时的标志词，主语“our lives”是复数，所以用have changed，句意为“自
从我们开始用互联网，我们的生活发生了很大变化”。故选D。
2. D 考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是people, 且关系词在从句中作主语，故答案为D 项。
3. B 考查宾语从句。句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我从这儿到动物园有多远吗?——当然可以。步行大
约10 分钟。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除C。由答句可知是问“路程多远”而不是问“多长时间”，排除
A。故选B。
4. A 考查动词不定式。句意：这个人画了关于微信的一系列的图片来展示如何使用这个软件。由句意可知
本题用动词不定式作目的状语。故本题选A。
5. C 考查时态。句意：他英语说得非常好，因为他在美国生活了20 年。由“for 20years”可知本题用现在
完成时。故本题选C。
拔高
1. I look forward ____________you soon.
A. see
B. seeing
C. to see
D. to seeing
2. There ______________an NBA match on TV this weekend.
A. will play
B. is going to be
C. will have
D. is going to have
3. After a 3-week winter vacation, students usually ___________some weight when they return to school.
A. put away
B. put up
C. put on
D. put off
4. My father is too busy to drive me to school. My mother will send me to school_________________.
A. too
B. instead
C. as well
D. instead of
5. Our geography teacher told us that light much _________________faster than sound.
A. travels
B. traveled
C. were traveling
D. would travel
答案：D B C B A
1. D 考查固定搭配。句意：我希望尽快见到你。Look forward to“期待，盼望”。其中的to 是介词，后面
接名词或动词-ing 形式。故选D。
2. B 考查时态和句型。句意：这个周未将有一场NBA 比赛。there be 的一般将来时的结构为there is going
to/will be，意为“将要有”。故选B。
3. C 考查动词短语辨析。结合本题语境可知，三周寒假之后，学生的体重通常会有所增加，故put on 符合
题意。
4. B 考查副词。结合本题语境可知，爸爸很忙，我妈妈会送我去上学，故instead 符合题意。
5. A 考查动词。当宾语从句是客观真理或自然现象时，即便主句是一般过去时，宾语从句也要用一般现在
时，故答案为A。
七教学反思
