【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社|选修一|Unit 6: Nurturing nature|语法&口语和写作

学习重点

Ø词汇学习 【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社｜选修一｜Unit 6: Nurturing nature｜词汇学习

Ø语法：Present perfect continuous

Ø口语&写作：Write a job advertisement & Debate whether natural heritage sites should be open to the public

语法：现在完成进行时 Present perfect continuous

✅ 核心公式

have / has + been + doing

含义：从过去开始，持续到现在的动作；强调过程、持续性，动作可能还在继续。

区分：

现在完成时 have done：侧重结果

现在完成进行时 have been doing：侧重持续过程

✨总结用法：

Present perfect continuous（现在完成进行时）描述始于过去、持续到现在的动作，常常和时间段（for years, for a while）连用，重点突出动作持续进行。

阅读练习（关注现在完成进行时）

I ¹ have been hearing (hear) a strange sound for a while. It’s a deep, loud roar, like a lion’s. But there aren’t any lions here… Or are there? Soon I see what ² has been making (make) the noise: a howler monkey. Now I feel less worried. Realising that something ³ has been moving (move) on my shoulder, I turn my head to look at it. Oh no! It’s a giant spider! I brush it off and it runs under some leaves. I try to bat away the huge insects, which ⁴ have been flying (fly) around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.

I pull off the headset and I’m back in my living room. Thank goodness! I ⁵ have been given (give) the latest virtual reality headset and, for the last twenty minutes, I ⁶ have been using (use) it to explore the Amazon. This is an amazing experience and a reminder of how many species there are in the rain forest. We must do all we can to protect it.

注意：第5空 have been given  不是现在完成进行时，是现在完成时的被动语态（have been done），重点对比区分！

① I have been hearing (hear) a strange sound for a while.

✅ 时态：现在完成进行时

- 时间线索：for a while  一段时间

- 含义：我从刚才开始一直听见奇怪的声响（声音持续不断，到此刻还能听到）

- 补充：hear 本身是感官动词，一般不用于进行时，但 have been hearing  在这里强调断断续续一直听到，非常适合描写体验。

② Soon I see what has been making (make) the noise: a howler monkey.

✅ 时态：现在完成进行时（主语what视作单数 → has）

- 含义：我很快发现，是什么东西一直在发出这个声响。

- 逻辑：噪音在过去一段时间持续产生，直到现在我才找到声源，突出持续过程。

③ Realising that something has been moving (move) on my shoulder, I turn my head to look at it.

✅ 时态：现在完成进行时（something不定代词，单数 → has）

- 含义：我意识到有东西一直在我的肩膀上蠕动。

- 逻辑：蠕动这个动作已经持续了一段时间，在我转头那一刻之前一直在发生。

④ …the huge insects, which have been flying (fly) around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.

✅ 时态：现在完成进行时（which指代insects复数 → have）

- 时间线索：for quite a while  好一阵子

- 含义：一大群虫子，已经在我头顶盘旋很久了，此刻还在飞。

⑤ I have been given (give) the latest virtual reality headset…

⚠️ 【不属于现在完成进行时！】

结构：have been given = have + been + done → 现在完成时被动语态

翻译：我收到了最新VR耳机

侧重点：强调“被给予”这个结果，不强调持续过程。

✔考点辨析：

have been doing 现在完成进行：主动，强调持续过程

have been done 现在完成被动：被动，强调已经完成的结果

⑥ …for the last twenty minutes, I have been using (use) it to explore the Amazon.

✅ 时态：现在完成进行时

- 时间线索：for the last twenty minutes  在过去二十分钟里

- 含义：刚刚过去这20分钟，我一直在用它探索亚马逊雨林（直到摘下耳机之前，这个动作持续进行）

📖翻译

有一阵子，我不断听见一种奇怪的声响。低沉轰鸣，像是狮子吼叫，可这里本没有狮子……或者真的有？很快我发现，原来是一只吼猴一直在发出这个声音。我不那么害怕了。这时我察觉到有东西一直在肩膀上动，我转头一看——天哪，一只大蜘蛛！我把它掸走，它钻到落叶底下。我挥开成群巨大的昆虫，它们黑压压一团，在我头顶飞了好一阵子。

我摘下头戴设备，回到自家客厅。谢天谢地！我收到了最新的虚拟现实耳机，刚刚过去二十分钟，我正戴着它探索亚马逊雨林。这场体验十分奇妙，提醒我们雨林中物种何其繁多。我们应当尽一切努力保护雨林。

造句（现在完成进行时）

1.Wooded areas 林地：20年→10年→现在，面积不断增加

✅ Wooded areas have been increasing over the past 20 years.

2.Desert areas 荒漠：20年→10年→现在，面积不断缩小

✅ Desert areas have been decreasing for 20 years.

3.Butterfly population 蝴蝶数量：20年→10年→现在，持续上升

✅ The butterfly population has been growing over the last two decades.

📋配套练习题

一、用正确形式填空

1.She ____________ (study) English for 6 years.（has been studying）

2.It ____________ (rain) all morning.（has been raining）

3.My hands are dirty. I ____________ (paint) the wall.（have been painting）

二、翻译

1.这个村子的树木二十年来一直在增加。

Trees in this village have been increasing for twenty years.

2.近十年来，野生动物的数量一直在下降。

The number of wild animals has been falling over the last ten years.

📖 拓展：Ecotourism（生态旅游）重点表达

- ecotourism n.生态旅游

- conserve the environment 保护环境

- responsible travellers 负责任的游客

- endangered animals 濒危动物

- voluntary work 志愿工作

口语&写作：Write a job advertisement & Debate whether natural heritage sites should be open to the public

招聘广告

✅ 招聘广告文体特征

1.标题醒目，吸引人；

2.简洁要点：岗位、地点、时间、工作职责、福利、优先条件；

3.多用名词短语、祈使句，语言简洁正式；

4.面向求职者，清晰易懂。

三个环保岗位信息

1.Guardian of the Pine Tree 迎客松守护者

Location: Mount Huangshan, Anhui Province

Responsibilities: Protect the Welcoming-Guest Pine; check it several times a day; take notes of observations.

Benefits: The job is hugely rewarding（非常有成就感）

2.Panda Nanny of Wolong 卧龙熊猫保育员

Location: Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan

Responsibilities: Take care of pandas; communicate with visitors; post updates on social media to raise public awareness.

Benefits: A meaningful job to protect endangered species.

3.Spider-man of Yuntai’s Red Stone Gorge 云台山红石峡“蜘蛛侠”

Location: Yuntai’s Red Stone Gorge

Responsibilities: Climb cliffs, collect rubbish left by tourists, protect the environment.

Benefits: Proud to contribute to environmental conservation.

✍️ 示范范文：Job Advertisement（招聘广告，可直接背诵）

Wolong Panda Nanny Wanted!

Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan, needs panda nannies!

- Full-time job for panda protection

- Location: Wolong National Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province

- Responsibilities: Care for giant pandas, communicate with visitors and share updates on social media to encourage more people to protect pandas.

- Salary: negotiable; free accommodation provided.

Preference will be given to people who love wild animals and have related experience.

Please visit our official website for further information and submit your application.

💡写作模板

标题：XXX Wanted!

- Job: …

- Location: …

- Responsibilities: …

- Benefits: …

Preference will be given to those who …

For more information, visit our website and send your application.

Debate：Should natural heritage sites be open to the public?

话题：自然遗产地是否应当向公众开放

正方：For（应该开放）

Point of view: Natural heritage sites should be open to the public.

Arguments:

1.Visitors can learn more about nature and raise environmental awareness.

2.Tourism creates income, which can be used for heritage protection.

3.More public attention helps governments fund conservation projects.

Supporting examples: Jiuzhaigou receives visitors, and tourism money helps protect its ecosystem.

反方：Against（不应该开放）

Point of view: Natural heritage sites should NOT be open to the public.

Arguments:

1.Crowds of tourists may damage plants, pollute water and disturb wildlife.

2.Human activities may break the delicate balance of ecosystems.

3.Over-tourism may cause lasting damage which is hard to repair.

Supporting examples: Too many visitors once harmed coral reefs in some natural reserves.

📌辩论高频句型（考场/口语比赛）

✅ 开篇陈述

- We hold the view that …

- From our perspective, …

✅ 论证

- One main argument is that …

- For instance, …

✅ 反驳对方

- I’m afraid we can’t agree. Although…, we should consider that…

✅ 总结

- In conclusion, we believe that…

📚单元核心词

- natural heritage sites 自然遗产地

- nature conservation 自然保护

- endangered species 濒危物种

- ecosystem n.生态系统

- raise public awareness 提升公众意识

- over-tourism n.过度旅游

- delicate balance 微妙平衡

- submit an application 提交申请

- rewarding adj.有意义的，值得的

📎配套小练习

一、短语翻译

1.监测藻类 ________ 

monitor algae

2.包食宿 ________ 

accommodation and meals provided

3.自然遗产地 ________ 

natural heritage sites

4.提升环保意识 ________ 

raise environmental awareness

二、写作任务

Write a job advertisement for the “spiderman” in Yuntai Red Stone Gorge.

参考答案

Environmental Spiderman Wanted

We need environmental workers for Yuntai’s Red Stone Gorge.

- Location: Yuntai’s Red Stone Gorge

- Responsibilities: Climb cliffs and clear rubbish left by tourists to protect the local environment.

- Salary negotiable; meals provided.

Anyone who is brave and loves nature is welcome to apply. Preference will be given to people with rock-climbing experience.

Visit our website for more details.