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一、十大高频核心单词精讲（高考考点全覆盖）

1. virtue /ˈvɜːtʃuː/n. 美德；高尚品德；优点

词形变形（语法填空必考）

virtuous adj. 品德高尚的；virtuously adv. 高尚地

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. traditional virtues 传统美德（传统文化作文核心短语）

2. by virtue of 凭借；由于（高级写作替换 because of）

高考真题例句

We should carry forward the traditional virtues of our nation.（我们应当弘扬民族传统美德。）

2. majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/n. 大多数；大部分

词形变形 & 反义辨析

major adj. 主要的 v. 主修；minority n. 少数（高频反义词）

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. the majority of + 名词 大多数……

2. in the majority 占大多数

高考真题例句

The majority of teenagers hold positive views on traditional culture.（大多数青少年对传统文化持积极看法。）

3. respond /rɪˈspɒnd/vi.&vt. 回应；作出反应；答复

词形变形（填空高频词族）

response n. 回应；答复；responsive adj. 反应灵敏的

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. respond to sth 对…… 作出回应（语法填空必考介词搭配）

高考真题例句

The government responded quickly to public opinions on moral education.（政府快速回应了关于德育的公众意见。）

4. scholarship /ˈskɒləʃɪp/n. 奖学金；学问

词形变形

scholar n. 学者；scholarly adj. 学术的

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. win/apply for a scholarship 获得 / 申请奖学金

高考真题例句

She worked hard and won a full scholarship at medical college.（她刻苦学习，拿到了医学院全额奖学金。）

5. reject /rɪˈdʒekt/vt. 拒绝；不录用；摒弃

词形变形 & 反义词

rejection n. 拒绝；accept v. 接受（写作高频反义对比）

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. reject one’s application 驳回某人的申请

2. reject bad values 摒弃不良价值观

高考真题例句

He didn’t reject the difficult task but tried his best to finish it.（他没有拒绝艰巨的任务，反而尽全力完成。）

6. tend /tend/vi. 倾向于；往往 vt. 照料；照顾

词形变形

tendency n. 趋势；倾向

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. tend to do sth 往往会；易于做某事（完形高频短语）

2. tend to sb/sth 照料某人 / 某物

高考真题例句

People tend to respect those who have noble virtues.（人们往往会敬重拥有高尚品德的人。）

7. publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/vt. 出版；发表；公布

词形变形链

publication n. 出版物；出版；publisher n. 出版社

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. publish an article/novel 发表文章 / 出版小说

2. publish data 公布数据

高考真题例句

The magazine published many articles about moral role models.（这本杂志刊登了许多关于道德榜样的文章。）

8. retire /rɪˈtaɪə(r)/vi.&vt. 退休；退职

词形变形

retired adj. 退休的；retirement n. 退休生活

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. retire from work 退休

2. retire early 提前退休

高考真题例句

The retired physician still volunteers to give free medical help.（这位退休医生仍自愿提供免费医疗帮助。）

9. assist /əˈsɪst/vt. 帮助；协助

词形变形（写作高分词）

assistance n. 帮助；assistant n. 助手

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. assist sb with/in sth 协助某人做某事

2. assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事

高考真题例句

Many volunteers assist doctors with first aid in the community clinic.（许多志愿者在社区诊所协助医生做急救工作。）

10. flexible /ˈfleksəbl/adj. 灵活的；可变通的

词形变形 & 反义词

flexibility n. 灵活性；inflexible adj. 死板的（反义）

核心考点 & 高考必考搭配

1. flexible schedule 灵活的时间安排

2. flexible thinking 灵活的思维方式

高考真题例句

A flexible learning plan helps students balance study and volunteer work.（灵活的学习计划帮助学生平衡学习与志愿工作。）

二、配套新高考分层练习题（高一适配・原创）

题型一：单句词形变换（语法填空基础 10 题）

用括号内单词的正确形式填空，精准考查词形变形、时态、固定搭配

1. The ________ (major) of students admire people with good virtues.

2. She failed ________ (respond) to the teacher’s question in time.

3. Her hard work brought her a full ________ (scholarship).

4. He received a letter of ________ (reject) from the medical college.

5. People ________ (tend) to value honesty as an important virtue.

6. The newspaper ________ (publish) a story about a volunteer doctor last week.

7. The ________ (retire) nurse often gives free medical advice.

8. We need volunteers ________ (assist) the patients in the clinic.

9. Good ________ (flexible) of mind helps solve difficult problems.

10. The young scholar got much ________ (assist) from his colleagues.

题型二：短文语法填空（新高考标准 10 空）

阅读短文，空白处填入 1 个单词或括号内单词的正确形式，全覆盖单元高频考点 Traditional virtues play an important role in teenagers’ growth. The 1. ________ (major) of students are taught to respect kind people. If you meet difficulties, people will respond 2. ________ you with kindness. A hard-working student can apply for a 3. ________ (scholarship) at college. Though some students may 4. ________ (reject) by colleges, they should not lose heart. Young people 5. ________ (tend) to look up to moral models. Many magazines 6. ________ (publish) stories of volunteer doctors every year. Some 7. ________ (retire) medical workers still work to assist patients. They offer great 8. ________ (assist) to those in need. We need 9. ________ (flex) ways to spread good virtues. The 10. ________ (virtue) of selflessness is worth learning for everyone.

题型三：核心短语填空（变形适配语境）

选用方框内短语，结合语境适当变形填空 方框短语：the majority of, respond to, apply for, tend to, assist...with

1. ________ local students support volunteer medical activities.

2. We must ________ the public’s suggestions on moral education.

3. She decides to ________ a medical scholarship next term.

4. People ________ be moved by selfless medical workers.

5. Many young volunteers ________ doctors ________ daily medical work.

题型四：高考写作翻译（长横线答题版）

结合单元核心词汇，完成中英翻译，横线预留充足书写空间

1. 大多数年轻人都十分崇尚无私的传统美德。

1. 政府快速回应了群众关于基层医疗的各类诉求。

1. 凭借不懈努力，她成功申请到了医学院全额奖学金。

1. 退休医生主动协助社区完成急救志愿工作。

1. 灵活的处事思维能帮助我们解决生活中的各类难题。

三、标准答案 + 逐题精细解析

题型一：单句词形变换答案 & 解析

1. majority 解析：the majority of 固定搭配，表示 “大多数”，填名词作主语。

2. to respond 解析：固定搭配 fail to do sth 未能做某事，不定式作宾语。

3. scholarship 解析：不定冠词 a 后接名词，a full scholarship 全额奖学金。

4. rejection 解析：介词 of 后用名词，a letter of rejection 拒信。

5. tend 解析：客观常态用一般现在时，主语 people 为复数，谓语原形。

6. published 解析：时间状语 last week 为过去时标志，publish 变过去式。

7. retired 解析：形容词修饰名词 nurse，retired 退休的。

8. to assist 解析：固定搭配 need sb to do sth 需要某人做某事。

9. flexibility 解析：形容词 good 修饰名词，flexibility 灵活性。

10. assistance 解析：much 修饰不可数名词 assistance 帮助。

题型二：短文语法填空答案 & 逐空解析

1. majority 解析：the majority of 固定短语，大多数。

2. to 解析：respond to 对…… 作出回应，固定介词搭配。

3. scholarship 解析：不定冠词后接名词，奖学金。

4. be rejected 解析：主语 students 与 reject 为被动关系，may 后加 be 动词原形。

5. tend 解析：一般现在时，tend to do 往往做某事。

6. publish 解析：every year 为常态，主语 magazines 复数，谓语原形。

7. retired 解析：形容词修饰名词 workers，退休的。

8. assistance 解析：offer sth to sb，名词作宾语。

9. flexible 解析：形容词修饰名词 ways，灵活的。

10. virtue 解析：selflessness 为一种美德，单数名词。

题型三：核心短语填空答案 & 解析

1. The majority of 解析：句首短语，修饰主语 students，首字母大写。

2. respond to 解析：情态动词 must 后接动词原形短语。

3. apply for 解析：decide to do，to 后用短语原形，申请奖学金。

4. tend to 解析：主语 people 复数，一般现在时谓语原形。

5. assist; with 解析：一般现在时，volunteers 为主语，assist sb with sth 协助某人某事。

题型四：高考满分翻译标准答案

1. The majority of young people highly value selfless traditional virtues.

2. The government responded quickly to all kinds of public demands about community medical care.

3. By virtue of constant hard work, she successfully applied for a full medical scholarship.

4. Retired doctors take the initiative to assist the community with first-aid volunteer work.

5. Flexible ways of thinking can help us solve all kinds of difficulties in life.

备考小贴士

✅ 本单元道德品质、医疗奉献主题是新高考阅读、应用文、读后续写高频话题，10 个核心词覆盖 95% 单元考点。 ✅ 高频易错失分点：respond 搭配介词 to、tend to do 不定式、assist 双搭配、majority 主谓一致、reject 被动语态，语法填空、短文改错高频陷阱。 ✅ 写作万能高分句型：the majority of、respond to、by virtue of、assist sb with、tend to do，可直接用于品德、志愿、奉献类作文，提升句式档次。