Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

1. A)Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.

B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.

C) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.

D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.

2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.

B) It found its way back to the park’s zoo.

C) It became a great attraction for tourists.

D) It was sent to the animal control department.

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

3. A) It is the largest of its kind.

B) It is going to be expanded.

C) It is displaying more fossil specimens.

D) It is staring an online exhibition.

4. A)A collection of bird fossils from Australia.

B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.

C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.

D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

5. A) Pick up trash.

B) Amuse visitors.

C) Deliver messages.

D) Play with children.

6. A) They are especially intelligent.

B) They are children’s favorite.

C They are quite easy to tame.

D) They are clean and pretty.

7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.

B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.

C) Children may contract bird diseases.

D) Children may overfeed the rooks.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University.

B) It will be hosted by famous professors.

C) It will cover different areas of science.

D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.

9. A)It will be more futuristic.

B) It will be more systematic.

C) It will be more entertaining.

D) It will be easier to understand.

10. A) People interested in science.

B) Youngsters eager to explore.

C) Children in their early teens.

D) Students majoring in science.

11. A) Offer professional advice.

B) Provide financial support.

C) Help promote it on the Internet.

D) Make episodes for its first season.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) Unsure.

B) Helpless.

C) Concerned.

D) Dissatisfied.

13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect.

B) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.

C) He is too ambitious in achieving goals.

D) He takes on projects beyond his ability.

14. A) Embarrassed.

B) Unconcerned.

C) Miserable.

D) Resentful.

15. A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens.

B) Compare his present with his past only.

C) Always learn from others’ achievements.

D) Treat others the way he would be treated.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.

B) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.

C) They are more likely to become engineers.

D) They have greater potential to be leaders.

17. A) Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.

B) Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.

c) Insist that boys and girls work together more.

D) Respond more positively to boys’ comments.

18. A) Offer personalized teaching materials.

B) Provide a variety of optional courses.

C) Place great emphasis on test scores.

D) Pay extra attention to top students.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) It often rains cats and dogs.

B) It seldom rains in summer time.

C) It does not rain as much as people think.

D) It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.

20. A) They drive most of the time.

B) The rain is usually very light.

C) They have got used to the rain.

D) The rain comes mostly at night.

21. A) It has a lot of places for entertainment.

B) It has never seen thunder and lighting.

C) It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.

D) It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. A) It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.

B) It results from exerting one’s muscles continuously.

C) It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.

D) It comes from staining one’s muscles in an unusual way.

23. A) Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.

B) Body movements in the affected area become difficult.

C) They begin to make repairs immediately.

D) They gradually become fragmented.

24. A) About one week.

B) About two days.

C) About ten days.

D) About four weeks.

25. A) Apply muscle creams.

B) Drink plenty of water.

C) Have a hot shower.

D) Take pain-killers.

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or 26 the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is 27, and the label says "pure water". But maybe what's inside is not so 28. Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world 29microplastics?

That's the conclusion of a recently 30study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, 31an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a 32 commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and 33containers. The study was conducted at the State New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the 2.1 billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.

    Confronted with this 34, several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the 35health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.

A.adequate

B.admiring

C.contains

D.defending

E.evidence

F.instant

G.liquid

H.modified

I.natural

J.potential

K.released

L.revealing

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The quiet heroism of mail delivery

[A] On Wednesday, a polar wind brought bitter cold to the Midwest. Overnight, Chicago reached a low of 21 degrees Fahrenheit below zero, making it slightly colder than Antarctica(南极洲), Alaska, and the North Pole. Wind chills were 64 degrees below zero in Park Rapids, Minnesota, and 45 degrees below zero in Buffalo, North Dakota, according to the National Weather Service. Schools, restaurants, and businesses closed, and more than 1,000 flights were canceled.

[B] Even the United States Postal Service(USPS) suspended mail delivery. "Due to this arctic outbreak and concerns for the safety of USPS employees, " USPS announced Wednesday morning, "the Postal Service is suspending delivery Jan. 30 in some 3-digit ZIP Code locations." Twelve regions were listed as unsafe on Wednesday; on Thursday, eight remained.

[C] As global surface temperatures increase, so does the likelihood of extreme weather In 2018 alone, wildfires, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, mudslides, and other natural disasters cost at least $49 billion in the United States. As my colleague Vann Newkirk reported, Puerto Rico is still confronting economic and structural destruction and resource scarcity from 2017's Hurricane Maria. Natural disasters can wreck a community's infrastructure, disrupting systems for months or years. Some services, however, remind us that life will eventually return, in some form, to normal.

[D] Days after the deadly 2017 wildfires in Santa Rosa, California, a drone (无人机) caught footage(连续镜头) of a USPS worker, Trevor Smith, driving through burned homes in that familiar white van, collecting mail in an affected area. The video is striking: The operation is familiar, but the scene looks like the end of the world. According to Rae Ann Haight, the program manager for the national-preparedness office at USPS, Smith was fulfilling a request made by some of the home owners to pick up any mail that was left untouched. For Smith, this was just another day on the job. "I followed my route like I normally do," Smith told a reporter. " As I came across a box that was up but with no house, I checked, and there was mail—outgoing mail—in it. And so we picked those up and carried on."

[E] USPS has sophisticated emergency plans for natural disasters. Across the country, 285 emergency-management teams are devoted to crisis control. These teams are trained annually using a framework known as the three Ps: people, property, product. After mail service stops due to weather, the agency's top priority is ensuring that employees are safe. Then it evaluates the health of infrastructure, such as the roads that mail carriers drive on.

Finally, it decides when and how to re-open operations. If the destruction is extreme, mail addressed to the area will get sent elsewhere. In response to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, USPS redirected incoming New Orleans mail to existing mail facilities in Houston. Mail that was already processed in New Orleans facilities was moved to an upper floor so it would be protected from water damage.

[F] As soon as it's safe enough to be outside, couriers(邮递员) start distributing accumulated mail on the stillaccessible routes. USPS urges those without standing addresses to file change-of-address forms with their new location. After Hurricane Katrina hit in 2005, mail facilities were set up in dozens of locations across the country in the two weeks that USPS was unable to provide street delivery.

[G] Every day, USPS processes, on average, 493.4 million pieces of mail—anything from postcards to Social Security checks to medicine. Spokespeople from both USPS and UPS told me all mail is important. But some mail can be extremely sensitive and timely. According to data released in January 2017, 56 percent of bills are paid online, which means that just under half of payments still rely on delivery services to be completed.

[H] It can be hard to identify which parcels are carrying crucial items such as Social Security checks, but USPS and UPS try their best to prioritize sensitive material. They will coordinate with the Social Security Administration to make sure that Social Security checks reach the right people in a timely fashion. After Hurricane Florence and Hurricane Michael last fall, USPS worked with state and local election boards to make sure that absentee ballots were available and received on time.

[I] Mail companies are logistics (物流)companies, which puts them in a special position to help when disaster strikes. In a 2011 USPS case study, the agency emphasized its massive infrastructure as a"unique federal asset "to be called upon in a disaster or terrorist attack. " I think we're unique as a federal agency."USPS official Mike Swigart told me,“ because we're in literally every community in this country.. We're obligated to deliver to that point on a daily basis."

[J] Private courier companies, which have more dollars to spend, use their expertise in logistics to help revitalize damaged areas after a disaster. For more than a decade, FedEx has supported the American Red Cross in its effort to get emergency supplies to areas affected by disasters, both domestically and internationally. In 2012, the company distributed more than 1, 200 MedPacks to Medical Reserve Corps groups in California. They also donated space for 3.1 million pounds of charitable shipping globally. Last October the company pledged $1 million in cash and

transportation support for Hurricanes Florence and Michael. UPS's charitable arm, the UPS Foundation, uses the company's logistics to help disaster-struck areas rebuild. "We realize that as a company with people, trucks, warehouses, we needed to play a larger role, " said Eduardo Martinez, the president of the UPS Foundation. The company employs its trucks and planes to deliver food, medicine, and water. The day before I spoke to Martinez in November, he had been touring the damage from Hurricane Michael in Florida with the American Red Cross. We

have an obligation to make sure our communities are thriving,"he said.

[K] Rebuilding can take a long time, and even then, impressions of the disaster may still remain. Returning to a normal life can be difficult, but some small routines—mail delivery being one of them—may help residents remember that their communities are still their communities. "When they see that carrier back out on the street, "Swigart said, "that's the first sign to them that life is starting to return to normal."

36.The United States Postal Service has a system to ensure its employees' safety.

37.One official says USPS is unique in that it has more direct reach to communities compared with other federal agencies.

38.Natural disasters can have a long-lasting impact on community life.

39.Mail delivery service is still responsible for the completion of almost half of payments.

40.The sight of a mailman on the street is a reassuring sign of life becoming normal again.

41. After Hurricane Katrina interrupted routine delivery, temporary mail service points were set up.

42.Postal service in some regions in the U.S. was suspended due to extreme cold weather.

43.Private postal companies also support disaster relief efforts by distributing urgent supplies.

44.A dedicated USPS employee was on the job carrying out duties in spite of extreme conditions.

45.Postal services work hard to identify items that require priority treatment.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage one

Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program. ProfessorGoel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.

Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.

Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40, 000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students’ questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advance and realistic that the students didn't know she was a was a

computer. The students who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn’t tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn’t inform them about Jill's true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.

The goal of Professor Goel's virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester.

Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.

46. What do we learn about Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence?

A.It is a robot that can answer students’ questions.

B.It is a course designed for students to learn online.

C.It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.

D.It is a computer program that aids student learning.

47. What problem did Professor Goel meet with?

A.His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.

B.His course was too difficult for the students.

C.Students’ questions were too many to handle.

D.Too many students dropped out of his course.

48. What do we learn about Jill Watson?

A.She turned out to be a great success.

B.She got along pretty well with students.

C.She was unwelcome to students at first.

D.She was released online as an experiment.

49. How did the students feel about Jill Watson?

A.They thought she was a bit too artificial.

B.They found her not as capable as expected.

C.They could not but admire her knowledge.

D.They could not tell her from a real person.

50.What docs Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson?

A.Launch different versions of her online.

B.Feed her with new questions and answers.

C.Assign her to answer more of students' questions.

D.Encourage students to interact with her more freely.

Passage two

Thinking small, being engaging, and having a sense of humor don't hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network and some promotional skills may be more crucial.

Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more than twice their goals, but others have fallen short of reaching even modest targets.

To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Schafer of the University of Zurich examined the content of the webpages for 371 recent campaigns.

Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platforms such as Experiment.com and Petridish.org only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors, since projects that answered questions from interested donors fared better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4000 on average, with 30% receiving less than $1000. The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.

Other factors may also significantly influence a project's success, most notably, the size of a scientist's personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on their own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researchers' efforts to reach the public, and people give because"they feeI a connection to the person "who is doing the fundraising - not necessarily to the science.

51.What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projects?

A.They did not raise much due to modest targets

B.They made use of mixed fundraising strategies

C.Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals

D.Most of them put movies online for the purpose

52.What is the purpose of Mike Schafer's research of recent crowdfunding campaigns?

A.To create attractive content for science websites.

B.To identify reasons for their different outcomes.

C.To help scientists to launch innovative projects.

D.To separate science projects from general ones.

53.What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfunding campaign?

A.The potential benefit to future generations.

B.Its Interaction with prospective donors.

C.Its originality in addressing financial issues.

D.The value of the proposed project.

54.What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projects?

A.They should be small to be successful.

B.They should be based on actual needs.

C.They should be assessed with great care.

D.They should be ambitious to gain notice.

55.What motivates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaign?

A.The ease of access to the content of the webpage.

B.Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.

C.The significance and influence of the project itself.

D.Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Section A

News report 1

New York City police captured a cow on the loose in Prospect Park on Tuesday after the animal became an attraction for tourists while walking along the streets and enjoying the park facilities. The confused creature and camera-holding humans stared at each other through a fence for several minutes. At other times the cow wandered around the 526 acre park and the artificial grass field normally used for human sporting events. Officers use soccer goals to fence the animal in. However, the cow then moved through one of the nets knocking down a police officer in the process. Police eventually trapped the cow between two vehicles parked on either side of a baseball field’s bench area. An officer then shot an arrow to put it to sleep. Then officers waited for the drug to take effect. After it fell asleep they loaded the cow into a horse trailer. It was not clear where the cow came from or how it got lost. Police turned it over to the animal control department after they caught it.

Q1: What happened in New York's Prospect Park on Tuesday?

A)Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.

B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.

C) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.

D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.

Q2: What do we learn about the cow from the end of the news report?

A) It was shot to death by a police officer.

B) It found its way back to the park’s zoo.

C) It became a great attraction for tourists.

D) It was sent to the animal control department.

周二，纽约市警方在展望公园抓获了一头四处游荡的奶牛，在此之前这头奶牛在沿街散步、享受公园设施，这吸引了许多游客。这只糊涂的奶牛和拿着相机的人类隔着栅栏相互凝视了几分钟。在其他时候，奶牛徘徊在526英亩的公园里和通常用于人类体育赛事的人造草地上。警官们用足球球门把奶牛围起来。然而，这头奶牛随后穿过其中一个球网，在此过程中撞倒了一名警察。警方最终将这头奶牛困在了停在棒球场长椅两侧的两辆车之间。然后，一名警官射出一支箭，让它进入梦乡。然后，警官们等待药物生效。奶牛睡着后，他们把它装上了马车。目前还不清楚这头奶牛是从哪里来的，也不清楚它是怎么迷路的。警方在抓到它后把它交给了动物管理部门。

请根据刚才所听的新闻报道回答1-2题。

问题1：星期二那天，纽约展望公园发生了什么？

问题2：关于这头奶牛，我们从这篇新闻报道的末尾了解到了什么？

News report 2

Starting April 28 of this year, the National Museum of Natural History will begin renovating its fossil hall. The fossil hall, which displays some of the world’s oldest and largest fossil specimens, receives more than 2 million visitors each year. It’s one of the museum’s most famous attractions. As a result, the museum plans to expand the hall, as well as add to its ancient birds collection. Bird lovers, both young and old, have already responded with excitement at the news. The museum’s social media account has been flooded with messages of support. In the meantime, the current collection will be closed. However, visitors will be compensated during the closure. Museum’s special exhibition area will now be free of charge. This week, the resident exhibition is a display of ancient wall paintings on loan from Australia. They celebrate the cultural heritage of the country and will be available to view until Sunday. Next week, the exhibition will be taken over by the Wildlife Photographer of the Year Competition. The winner of this year’s competition will be awarded a preview of the new fossil hall, as well as a cash prize.

Q3. What does the news report say about the fossil hall of the National Museum of Natural History?

A) It is the largest of its kind.

B) It is going to be expanded.

C) It is displaying more fossil specimens.

D) It is staring an online exhibition.

Q4. What is on display this week in the museum’s exhibition hall?

A)A collection of bird fossils from Australia.

B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.

C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.

D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.

从今年4月28日起，相关人员将开始对国家自然历史博物馆里的化石馆进行修复。这个化石馆展示了一些世界上最古老和最大的化石标本，每年接待200多万游客。这是博物馆最著名的景点之一。因此，博物馆计划扩建这个大厅，并增加古代鸟类收藏品。无论老少，爱鸟人士都对这一消息感到兴奋。博物馆的社交媒体账户上有众多对此支持的回应。同时，当前的收藏品将不对公众开放。但是，游客将在闭馆期间得到补偿。博物馆的特别展区现在是对公众免费开放的。本周，驻地展览是一个从澳大利亚借来的古代壁画展览。他们庆祝该国的文化遗产，并将提供观赏，直到周日。下周，这个展览将由年度野生动物摄影师大赛接管。今年竞赛的获胜者将获得新化石馆的预展和现金奖励。

请根据刚才所听的新闻报道回答3-4题。

问题3：关于国家自然历史博物馆的化石馆，新闻报道说了些什么？

问题4：这个星期博物馆的展览厅里展出的是什么？

News report 3

Six birds have just been trained to pick up rubbish at a French historical theme park. According to the park’s manager, Mr. Villiers, the goal is not just to clear up the park. He says visitors are already good at keeping things clean. Instead, he wants to show that nature itself can teach us to take care of the environment. He says that rooks, the chosen birds, are considered to be particularly intelligent. In the right circumstances, they even like to communicate with humans and establish a relationship through play. The birds will be encouraged to clean the park through the use of a small box that delivers a small amount of bird food. Each time, the rook deposits a cigarette end or a small piece of rubbish. So far, visitors to the theme park have been excited to see the birds in action. However, some parents are concerned that it encourages their children to drop litter so they can watch the birds to pick it up. Villiers is not concerned about this criticism. He maintains most of the feedback he has received has been overwhelmingly positive. He hopes now to train more birds

Q5: What have six birds been trained to do at a French historical theme park?

A) Pick up trash.

B) Amuse visitors.

C) Deliver messages.

D) Play with children.

Q6: Why were rooks chosen by the park manager?

A) They are especially intelligent.

B) They are children’s favorite.

C They are quite easy to tame.

D) They are clean and pretty.

Q7: What is the concern of some parents?

A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.

B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.

C) Children may contract bird diseases.

D) Children may overfeed the rooks.

在法国的一个历史主题公园里，六只鸟已经被训练去捡垃圾。据公园经理维利尔先生所言，这样做目的不仅仅是清理公园。他说，游客们已经很擅长保持环境清洁。相反，他想证明大自然本身就能教会我们如何保护环境。他说，秃鼻乌鸦被选中了，因为这种鸟类是特别聪明的。在适当的情况下，它们甚至喜欢与人类交流，通过玩耍建立关系。鼓励它们通过使用一个提供少量鸟食的小盒子来清洁公园。秃鼻乌鸦每次都会存储一个烟头或一小片垃圾到小盒子里。到目前为止，来到主题公园的游客们在目睹鸟儿们的行为后都很兴奋。然而，一些家长担心这会鼓励他们的孩子扔垃圾，这样他们就可以看着鸟儿捡垃圾了。维利尔并不关心这种批评。他坚持认为他收到的大部分反馈都是非常积极的。现在他希望能训练更多的鸟。

请根据刚才所听的新闻报道回答5-7题。

问题5：在法国历史主题公园里，这六只鸟被训练来做什么？

问题6：为什么公园经理要选秃鼻乌鸦？

问题7：有些家长担心的是什么？

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Conversation 1

Woman: The name of the TV show we wish to produce is Science Nation.

Man: Please tell us more. What will Science Nation be about?

Woman: It will be about science, all sorts of science. Each episode will focus on a different area of science, and tell us what we know, how we know it, and what we still don't know. The show will have one host only, and this will be Professor Susan Paul from Harvard University. She's a great public speaker.

Man: So, just to be clear, will the show its format be like that of the documentary?

Woman: Kind of. It will be like a documentary in the sense, that it will be non-fiction and fact-based. However, our idea is for it to be also fun and entertaining, something which traditional documentaries aren't so much. Please keep in mind, this will be a new TV show, like nothing ever done before.

Man: Okay, so it will be both educational and entertaining, and your audience will be anyone interested in science, right?

Woman: That's correct, yes.

Man: Right, thank you. So, I think we're more or less clear what the show will be like. Could you please tell us now, what exactly you want from us?

Woman: Yes, of course. Basically, what we need from you is financial support. In order to go ahead with this idea, we need 2 million dollars. This will cover the cost of making all 12 shows in the first season for the first year. If the show is a success, we can then look at making a second season for the following year.

Q8. What do we learn about the TV show Science Nation?

A) It will be produced at Harvard University.

B) It will be hosted by famous professors.

C) It will cover different areas of science.

D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.

Q9. In what way will the TV show Science Nation differ from traditional documentaries?

A)It will be more futuristic.

B) It will be more systematic.

C) It will be more entertaining.

D) It will be easier to understand.

Q10. Who will be the intended audience of the TV show Science Nation?

 A) People interested in science.

B) Youngsters eager to explore.

C) Children in their early teens.

D) Students majoring in science.

Q11. What does the woman want the man to do for the TV show?

A) Offer professional advice.

B) Provide financial support.

C) Help promote it on the Internet.

D) Make episodes for its first season.

我们希望制作一档叫《Science Nation》的电视节目。

请多告诉我们一些关于这档节目的情况。这档节目会是关于什么的呢？

是关于科学的，各种各样的科学。

每一集都将聚焦于不同的科学领域，

告诉我们所知道的，我们是如何知道的，还有我们未知的。

这个节目将只有一个主持人，来自哈佛大学的苏珊·保罗教授，她演讲极好。

所以，需要明确的是，这个节目的形式会像纪录片一样吗？

算是吧。从某种意义上讲，它就像一部纪录片，它是非虚构的，是以事实为基础的。

然而，我们的想法是它也具备趣味性和娱乐性，相比于一些传统的纪录片而言，它们并没有那么多的考虑。

请记住，这将是一个全新的电视节目，让人觉得这是之前从来没有做过的节目。

好吧，既富有教育性又具备娱乐性，你的观众都是对科学感兴趣的吧，对吗？

是的，没错。

好的，谢谢。所以，我想我们或多或少都很清楚这个节目会是什么样子。

你能告诉我们你到底想从我们这里得到什么吗？

是的，当然。总的说来，我们需要你的资金支持。

为了实现这个想法我们需要200万美元。

这将涵盖在第一年的第一季中制作所有12个集节目的成本。

如果这个节目成功推出的话，那么我们可以考虑在来年制作第二季。

请根据刚才所听的新闻报道回答8-11题。

问题8：关于这个电视节目《Science Nation》，我们从中了解到了什么？

问题9：电视节目《Science Nation》与传统纪录片有何不同？

问题10：谁将是电视节目《Science Nation》的目标受众？

问题11：为成功举办这个电视节目，这位女士想让这位男士做什么？

Conversation 2

(W=woman, M=man)

W: What’s up with you? You don’t look very happy.

M: I feel like I’m a failure. I can’t seem to do anything very well.

W: I wouldn’t say that. You do very well in a lot of things. That presentation you gave last week was excellent.

M: Yes, but I have this urge to strive for perfection. I really want to push harder and progress further.

W: Well, that’s very admirable. But be careful. Overconcern with being perfect can damage our confidence if we never achieve it.

M: Yes, I know. I feel awful whenever I make a mistake in whatever I’m trying to do.

W: Well, think about it. You can’t make progress without making mistakes and learning from them. Thomas Edison, the famous inventor, once said “I’ve not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.”

M: You may well be right. I guess I should recognize my mistakes and learn the lesson they teach me and move forward.

W: Also, remember a successful ending is not the only thing worthy of a celebration. You need to recognize each step of progress you take towards achieving your goals. And no matter how tiny it is, it’s still good news.

M: I always feel down when I see others accomplishing things and I feel miserable about my own achievements. I’m always trying to be as good as others, but I never seem to get there.

W: Listen. If you always compare yourself with others, you’ll never feel good enough. You’re the only person you should be comparing yourself with. When you compare your current status with the starting point, you’ll find you’ve made progress, right? That’s good enough.

M: That’s great advice. Thank you. I’m feeling better already.

Q12: How does the man feel about himself?

 A) Unsure.

B) Helpless.

C) Concerned.

D) Dissatisfied.

Q13: What does the woman think is the man’s problem?

A) He is too concerned with being perfect.

B) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.

C) He is too ambitious in achieving goals.

D) He takes on projects beyond his ability.

Q14: How does the man feel when he sees others accomplishing things?

A) Embarrassed.

B) Unconcerned.

C) Miserable.

D) Resentful.

Q15: What does the woman suggest the man do?

A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens.

B) Compare his present with his past only.

C) Always learn from others’ achievements.

D) Treat others the way he would be treated.

你这是怎么了？你看起来不太高兴。

我觉得自己是个失败者。我好像什么事都做不好。

我可不会这么说。你在很多方面都做得很好。你上周的演讲很精彩。

是的，但我有追求完美的冲动。我真的想更加努力，取得更大的进步。

哦，那真是令人钦佩。但要注意的是，如果我们从未实现完美的话，过分关注完美可能会损害我们的信心。

是的，我知道。每当我在想做的事情上犯了一个错误，我就觉得很糟糕。

好吧，想想吧。如果不犯错误，不从中吸取教训，你就不可能取得进步。

著名的发明家托马斯·爱迪生曾经说过：“我从来没有失败。我只是刚刚找到了一万种行不通的方法。”

你也许是对的。我想我应该认识到自己的错误，吸取错误带来的教训，继续进步。

另外，记住，一个成功的结局并不是唯一值得庆祝的事情。

你需要认识到在实现目标的过程中所取得的每一次进步。不管进步多么小，但对你来说仍然是个好消息。

当我看到别人取得成就时，我总是感到沮丧，我对自己的成就感到悲哀。

我总是试图做一个和别人一样棒的人，但我似乎从来没有做到。

听着。如果你总是拿自己和别人比较，你就永远感觉自己不够好。

唯一一个应该去比较的人是自己。

当你将现状与之前进行比较时，你会发现你已经取得了进步，对吗？你已经够棒了。

你给我的建议非常好。谢谢你。我已经感觉好多了。

请根据刚才所听的新闻报道回答12-15题。

问题12：这位男士是怎么评价自己的？

问题13：这位女士认为这位男士的问题是什么？

问题14：当这位男士看到别人取得成就时，他是什么感觉？

问题15：这位女士建议这位男士做什么？

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage 1

Single-sex education can have enormous benefits for female students. Numerous studies have shown that women who attend single-sex schools tend to have stronger self-confidence, better study habits and more ambitious career goals than women who attend coeducational schools. Girls who graduate from single-sex schools are three times more likely to become engineers than those who attend coeducational schools. The reason is that all-girls schools encourage women to enter fields traditionally dominated by men such as science, technology and engineering. In coeducational schools, girls are often expected to succeed only in humanities or the art. Research has also shown that in coeducational settings, teachers are more likely to praise and give in-depth responses to boys’ comments in class. In contrast, they might only respond to a girl’s comments with a nod. They are also more likely to encourage boys to work through problems on their own, while they tend to step in and help girls who struggle with a problem.

In an all girls setting, girls are more likely to speak up frequently and make significant contributions to class than in a coeducational setting. Girls studying in a single-sex setting also earn higher scores on their College Board and advanced placement exams than girls who study in coeducational settings. All girls schools tend to be smaller than coeducational schools, which means teachers would be able to tailor the materials to girl students’ personal learning styles and interest.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q16: What advantage does the speaker say girls from single-sex schools have over those from coeducational schools?

A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.

B) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.

C) They are more likely to become engineers.

D) They have greater potential to be leaders.

Q17: What do teachers tend to do in coeducational settings?

A) Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.

B) Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.

c) Insist that boys and girls work together more.

D) Respond more positively to boys’ comments.

Q18: What are teachers more likely to do in an all-girls’ school?

 A) Offer personalized teaching materials.

B) Provide a variety of optional courses.

C) Place great emphasis on test scores.

D) Pay extra attention to top students.

男女分校的教育可以给女学生带来很多好处。大量研究表明，上过男女分校的女学生往往自信心更强，相比男女同校的女学生而言，她们有更好的学习习惯和更远大的职业目标。从男女分校毕业的女学生成为工程师的可能性是那些男女同校的女学生的三倍。原因是女子学校鼓励女学生进入传统上由男学生主导的领域，如科学、技术和工程。在男女同校的学校里，女学生往往只能在人文或艺术方面取得成功。研究还表明，在男女同校的情况下，老师更有可能表扬男学生，并对男学生在课堂上的评论做出深入的回应。相反，老师可能只会点头回应女学生的评论。老师还更有可能鼓励男学生自己解决问题，而往往倾向于介入并帮助那些陷入问题而无法独自解决的女学生。在全是女学生的环境中，女学生比在男女同校的环境中更有可能经常发言，并为班级做出重大贡献。在男女分校的环境中学习的女学生在大学委员会和高级入学考试中也比在男女同校环境中学习的女学生获得更高的分数。在规模上，所有的女子学校往往都比男女同校的学校小，这意味着教师可以根据女学生的个人学习风格和兴趣定制教材。

请根据刚才所听的文章回答16-18题。

问题16：根据作者所言，男女分校的女学生和男女同校的女学生相比较有什么优势？

问题17：在男女同校的环境下，老师倾向于做什么？

问题18：在女子学校，老师们更可能做什么？

Passage 2

Today I found out that Seattle doesn’t really get that much rain compared with most US cities. In fact, Seattle ranks 44th among major US cities in average annual rainfall. Cities that get more rainfall than Seattle include Huston, Memphis, Nashville, and pretty much every major city on the eastern coast, such as New York, Boston, and Miami.

So, why does everyone think of Seattle as a rainy city? The primary root of this misconception lies in that Seattle has a relatively large number of days per year with rainfall compared with New York and Boston, which get an average of about 16% more rain per year than Seattle, but also average between them about 36 fewer days a year of rainfall. So it rains a lot less in Seattle. And the rain is spread out over more days than those cities. This is why few locals in Seattle carry an umbrella generally. When it does rain, it tends to be a very light rain that isn’t troublesome. It almost never really rains as most people think. On top of that, it never really storms in Seattle, either. Seattle gets an average of a mere 7 days a year with thunder.

So in short, if you like sunny but not too hot summers, mild winters but with lots of cloudy days, Seattle’s the place to be. Anyway, if you visit Seattle, don’t bring an umbrella. People will look at you, thinking you are funny.

Questions 19-21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

Q19. What does the speaker find out about Seattle?

A) It often rains cats and dogs.

B) It seldom rains in summer time.

C) It does not rain as much as people think.

D) It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.

Q20. Why do local people in Seattle seldom carry an umbrella?

A) They drive most of the time.

B) The rain is usually very light.

C) They have got used to the rain.

D) The rain comes mostly at night.

Q21. Why does the speaker say ‘Seattle is a good place to be’?

A) It has a lot of places for entertainment.

B) It has never seen thunder and lighting.

C) It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.

D) It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.

今天我发现，相比大多数美国城市，西雅图的降雨量不是很充沛。事实上，西雅图的年平均降雨量在美国主要城市中排名第44位。降雨量超过西雅图的城市包括休斯顿、孟菲斯、纳什维尔，以及东海岸几乎所有主要城市，如纽约、波士顿和迈阿密。那么，为什么每个人都认为西雅图是一个降雨量多的城市呢？这种误解的主要根源在于，与纽约和波士顿相比，西雅图每年降雨的天数相对较多。这两个城市每年的平均降雨量比西雅图多约16%，而且平均每年少降雨36天左右。所以西雅图的降雨量要少得多，而且比那些城市要多下几天雨。这也就明白西雅图的当地人出门为什么很少带伞了。当下雨的时候，往往是毛毛细雨，这并不是什么麻烦事。几乎从来没有像大多数人想的那样真的会下雨。最重要的是，西雅图也从来没有过真正意义上的狂风暴雨。西雅图平均每年只有7天的雷电天气。总之，如果你喜欢晴朗但不太热的夏天，气候温和但多云的冬天，西雅图是你的理想之地。不管怎样，如果你去西雅图，不要带伞。要不然别人会看着你，觉得你很奇葩。

请根据刚才所听的短文回答19-21题。

问题19：作者对西雅图有什么了解？

问题20：为什么西雅图的当地人出门很少带伞？

问题21：为什么作者说“西雅图是你的理想之地”？

Passage 3

After tough workout or a day full of physical activity, it’s common to find your muscles aching, but where do these pains come from? According to a German professor, the soreness comes from straining your muscles in an uncommon way, for example, jumping on a bicycle for a ride, because you haven’t ridden in a long time. Soreness occurs since your leg muscles aren't used to that movement. When muscles perform an activity they aren’t regularly expose to, the tiny fibers that are inside them are being torn apart. As muscle soreness develops, the body has to work to repair the muscle tears, but this doesn’t happen immediately. First, the body must realize the muscles are damaged. When the body realizes the muscles are hurt, the response is to increase blood flow to the area and increase body heat, damaged cells are then cleaned up and the body sends cells specially designed to break down the large muscle fiber fragments. Healing can take place after this. It takes about a day until these cells make it to your aching muscles. That’s why there is most often a delay associated with muscle soreness. Repair of damaged cells takes about two days, and afterwards the soreness disappears. Unfortunately, there is little that can be down to relieve muscle soreness. Pain relieving creams don’t work, but a hot shower, or warm bath can provide some relief.

Questions 22-25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

22. What does the German professor say about muscle soreness?

 A) It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.

B) It results from exerting one’s muscles continuously.

C) It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.

D) It comes from staining one’s muscles in an unusual way.

23. What happens when muscles are damaged according to the passage?

A) Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.

B) Body movements in the affected area become difficult.

C) They begin to make repairs immediately.

D) They gradually become fragmented.

24. How long does it take for damaged cells to heal?

A) About one week.

B) About two days.

C) About ten days.

D) About four weeks.

25. What does the speaker suggest one do to relieve muscle soreness?

A) Apply muscle creams.

B) Drink plenty of water.

C) Have a hot shower.

D) Take pain-killers.

在经过艰苦的锻炼或一天的体力活动后，你经常会发现肌肉疼痛，但这些疼痛从何而来呢？据一位德国教授说，疼痛来自于非同寻常的肌肉拉伤，例如，骑自行车去兜风，因为你已经很长时间没骑了。疼痛的发生是因为你的腿部肌肉不习惯这种运动。当肌肉进行某种偶然的活动时，肌肉内的细小纤维就会被撕裂。随着肌肉酸痛的发展，身体必须努力修复肌肉撕裂，但这个修复过程不会马上就发生。首先，身体必须意识到肌肉受损。当身体意识到肌肉受伤时，对此的反应是增加流向该区域的血流并增加体温，然后，受损的细胞被清理干净，身体派出专门针对于此的细胞来分解大的肌纤维碎片。愈合可以发生在这之后。这些细胞到达你患处大约需要一天的时间。这就是为什么与肌肉酸痛相关的延迟最常见的原因。受损细胞的修复需要大约两天，然后疼痛消失。不幸的是，几乎没有什么东西可以减轻肌肉酸痛。止痛膏不起作用，但冲个热水澡或泡个温水浴可以缓解疼痛。

请根据刚才所听文章回答22-25题。

问题22：关于肌肉酸痛，这位德国教授说了什么？

问题23：根据这篇文章，当肌肉受损时会发生什么？

问题24：受损细胞需要多长时间才能愈合？

问题25：作者建议人们做些什么来缓解肌肉酸痛？