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高考英语3500词 · 按考频排序 196–210
高考英语3500词 · 按考频排序
第 14 辑 | 词频 196–210 | 释义锚定《普通高中英语课程标准(2017年版2020年修订)》
15 词含派生词族含熟词生义
课标重点标注课标要求掌握的核心词(带 * 为必修、带 ** 为选择性必修); 熟词生义标注高考高频陷阱义项; 词性转换标注语法填空高频派生词; 写作标注读后续写/应用文高频场景词。
一、五大题型词汇考查分布
二、词汇正文(第 196–210 词)
196. simplifyˈsɪmplɪfaɪvt.简化;使单纯;使简易词性转换
— 英文释义: To make simpler or easier
— 例句: The teacher simplified the complex theory so that students could understand it.(老师简化了复杂的理论以便学生理解)
固定搭配
— simplify the process — 简化流程
— simplify the text — 简化文本
— simplify one's life — 简化生活
派生:simple(adj.简单的);simply(adv.简单地;仅仅);simplicity(n.简单);simplification(n.简化)
语法填空考点:simple → simply(adv.) → simplify(v.) — 词族必考
近义词: ease, streamline 形近词: simply, amplify
197. singsɪŋn.演唱;鸣声;呼啸声vt.唱;用诗赞颂;唱着使vi.唱歌;歌颂;鸣叫;呼号
— 英文释义: To produce musical sounds with the voice
— 例句: She loves to sing along with the radio while driving to work.(她喜欢开车上班时跟着收音机唱歌)
固定搭配
— sing a song — 唱歌
— sing along — 跟着唱
— sing in the choir — 在合唱团唱歌
— sing praises — 歌颂
派生:singer(n.歌手);singing(n.演唱);song(n.歌曲)
近义词: chant, hum 形近词: ring, sign
198. sitsɪtvi.坐;位于vt.使就座
— 英文释义: To rest on one's buttocks; to be situated
— 例句: Please sit down and make yourself comfortable while I make some tea.(请坐下,我泡茶时你随便点)
固定搭配
— sit down — 坐下
— sit up — 坐直
— sit for an exam — 参加考试
— sit around — 闲坐着
派生:seat(n.座位 v.使就座);seated(adj.就座的);sitting(n.入座;开会)
近义词: rest, seat 形近词: set, spit
199. sleepsliːpn.睡眠vi.睡,睡觉
— 英文释义: To rest in sleep; a natural state of rest
— 例句: Getting enough sleep is essential for maintaining good health.(保证充足睡眠对保持健康至关重要)
固定搭配
— go to sleep — 入睡
— sleep well — 睡得好
— sleep on it — 考虑一晚再决定
— get enough sleep — 保证充足睡眠
派生:sleepy(adj.困倦的);sleeping(adj.睡着的);asleep(adj.睡着的);sleeplessness(n.失眠)
近义词: rest, slumber 形近词: steep, sheep
200. solvesɒlvvt.解决词性转换
— 英文释义: To find an answer to; to resolve
— 例句: Scientists are working hard to solve the problem of climate change.(科学家们正努力解决气候变化问题)
固定搭配
— solve a problem — 解决问题
— solve a mystery — 解开谜团
— solve a puzzle — 解开谜题
— solve the equation — 解方程
派生:solution(n.解决办法;溶液);solvable(adj.可解决的);dissolve(v.溶解)
语法填空考点:solve(v.) → solution(n.) — 词性转换必考
近义词: resolve, settle 形近词: resolve, sole
201. sortsɔːtn.种类;方式;品质vt.将…分类;将…排序;挑选出某物vi.分类;协调;交往课标·必修*
— 英文释义: To arrange things by kind or class; a kind or variety
— 例句: Could you sort the books by subject so they are easier to find?(你能按学科把书分类,这样更好找吗)
固定搭配
— sort out — 整理;解决;分类
— sort of — 有点儿;有几分
— all sorts of — 各种各样的
派生:sorting(n.分类);sorted(adj.已分类的);assort(v.使多样化)
近义词: classify, categorize 形近词: sought, port
202. speakspiːkvi.说话;演讲;表明;陈述vt.讲话;发言;讲演
— 英文释义: To say words; to deliver a speech; to express
— 例句: The teacher asked us to speak English as much as possible in class.(老师要求我们在课上尽可能多说英语)
固定搭配
— speak of — 谈起;提到
— speak out — 大胆说出;公开表态
— generally speaking — 一般来说
派生:speaker(n.演讲者;扬声器);spoken(adj.口头的);speech(n.演讲)
近义词: talk, say 形近词: peak, leak
203. spendspɛndn.预算vt.度过,消磨(时光);花费;浪费;用尽vi.花钱;用尽,耗尽
— 英文释义: To use money or time; to pass time
— 例句: She spent two hours preparing for the presentation yesterday.(她昨天花了两小时准备演示)
固定搭配
— spend ... on — 在…上花费(时间/金钱)
— spend time (in) doing — 花时间做某事
— spend oneself — 耗尽精力
派生:spending(n.开销;花费);spent(adj.用尽的;精疲力竭的)
近义词: cost, exhaust 形近词: send, bend
204. standstændn.站立;立场;看台;停止vi.站立;位于;停滞vt.使站立;忍受;抵抗
— 英文释义: To be on one's feet; to endure; a position
— 例句: I can't stand the noise from the construction site next door.(我受不了隔壁工地的噪音)
固定搭配
— stand for — 代表;象征;容忍
— stand out — 突出;显眼
— stand by — 支持;袖手旁观
— stand up for — 维护;为…辩护
派生:standing(n.地位;adj.长期的);standpoint(n.立场;观点);withstand(v.抵抗)
近义词: bear, endure 形近词: strand, brand
205. startstɑːtn.开始;起点vt.开始;启动vi.出发
— 英文释义: To begin; to set in motion; a beginning
— 例句: We started the meeting on time despite the heavy rain.(尽管下大雨,我们准时开始了会议)
固定搭配
— start with — 以…开始
— start out — 出发;起初是
— start up — 启动;创办
— to start with — 首先;一开始
派生:starting(adj.最初的);restart(v.重新开始);starter(n.初学者;启动器)
近义词: begin, launch 形近词: smart, stark
206. statesteɪtn.国家;州;情形adj.国家的;州的;正式的vt.规定;声明;陈述
— 英文释义: A condition or nation; to express clearly
— 例句: The report clearly states the causes of the decline in sales.(报告清楚地陈述了销量下滑的原因)
固定搭配
— state of mind — 心境;心态
— in a ... state — 处于…状态
— state-owned — 国有的
派生:statement(n.陈述;声明);statesman(n.政治家);restate(v.重申)
近义词: declare, express 形近词: statue, stake
207. staysteɪn.逗留;停止;支柱vi.停留;坚持;暂住;停下vt.坚持;暂住;抑制
— 英文释义: To remain in a place; to continue to be
— 例句: Please stay calm and follow the instructions of the staff.(请保持冷静,听从工作人员的指引)
固定搭配
— stay up — 熬夜
— stay away — 远离;不靠近
— stay in touch — 保持联系
— stay on — 留任;继续停留
派生:staying(n.逗留);stay-at-home(adj.恋家的)
近义词: remain, keep 形近词: sway, clay
208. stickstɪkn.棍;手杖;呆头呆脑的人vi.坚持;伸出;粘住vt.刺,戳;伸出;粘贴
— 英文释义: A thin piece of wood; to adhere; to persist
— 例句: The note was stuck to the fridge with a magnet.(便条用磁铁粘在冰箱上)
固定搭配
— stick to — 坚持;信守
— stick out — 伸出;显眼
— get stuck — 卡住;陷入
派生:sticky(adj.粘的;棘手的);stuck(adj.卡住的;被困的)
近义词: adhere, persist 形近词: tick, stack
209. stopstɒpn.停止;车站;障碍;逗留vi.停止;中止;逗留;被塞住vt.停止;堵塞;断绝
— 英文释义: To cease moving or happening; a halt
— 例句: The bus stopped suddenly, and several passengers lost their balance.(公交车突然停下,几名乘客失去平衡)
固定搭配
— stop doing — 停止做某事
— stop to do — 停下来去做另一件事
— stop by — 顺道拜访
— come to a stop — 停下来
派生:stopping(n.停止);stopper(n.塞子)
近义词: halt, cease 形近词: shop, step
210. storestɔː(r)n.商店;储备,贮藏;仓库vt.贮藏,储存
— 英文释义: A shop; to keep something for future use
— 例句: The app stores all your data safely in the cloud.(这个应用把所有数据安全储存在云端)
固定搭配
— store up — 储存;囤积
— in store — 贮藏着;必将发生
— chain store — 连锁店
派生:storage(n.贮藏;储存);storeroom(n.储藏室);restore(v.恢复;归还)
近义词: keep, save 形近词: stare, score
三、本辑考点总结
(一)完形填空高频动词选项
- simplify(简化;使单纯;使简易) / sing(唱;用诗赞颂;唱着使) / sit(坐;位于) / sleep(睡,睡觉)
- sort(将…分类;将…排序;挑选出某物) / speak(说话;演讲;表明;陈述) / spend(度过,消磨(时光);花费;浪费;用尽) / stand(站立;位于;停滞)
- start(开始;启动) / state(规定;声明;陈述) / stay(停留;坚持;暂住;停下) / stick(坚持;伸出;粘住)
- stop(停止;中止;逗留;被塞住) / store(贮藏,储存)
(二)本辑「一词多义 / 熟词生义」聚焦
| sing | |
| sort | |
| stand | |
| state | |
| stay | |
| stick | |
| stop | |
| speak |
(三)本辑完形名词 / 形容词辨析重点(共 11 个)
| sing | ||
| sleep | ||
| sort | ||
| spend | ||
| stand | ||
| start | ||
| state | ||
| stay | ||
| stick | ||
| stop | ||
| store |
— 第14辑(196–210)完 —
下一辑预告:第211–225词