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高 2025 届高二（下）期末考试
英语试卷
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、班级、学校在答题卡上填写清楚。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮
擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试卷上作答无效。
3. 考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一
小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Matthew do on the weekend?
A. Attend an exhibition. B. Enter a contest. C. Visit China.
2. Where do the speakers want to go?
A. To a supermarket. B. To a bank. C. To a restaurant.
3. When will the man see the film?
A. At 1: 30 p. m. B. At 3: 30 p. m. C. At 5: 30 p. m.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A noisy night. B. A place of living. C. Their sleeping habits.
5. Why did the man call the woman last night?
A. To give her fruits. B. To invite her to a party. C. To ask for her cousin's number.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选
项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将5秒钟的时间阅读
各个小题； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man feel about the woman's suggestion?
A. A bit disappointed. B. Very satisfied. C. Greatly surprised.
7. What will the speakers do on Friday evening?
A. Go shopping. B. Eat out. C. Pick up their children.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司听第7段材料，回答第8、9 题。
8. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hotel. B. On a plane. C. On a lake.
9. Why will the man go to Chicago?
A. To attend a meeting. B. To visit his sister. C. To start university.
听第8段材料，回答第10至 12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. School friends. B. Teacher and student. C. Librarian and library user.
11. What does Michael say about the book?
A. It's sold at a discount price. B. It's important for Maria's study. C. It's written by Professor Hughes.
12. What will Michael do for Maria?
A. Sha re his book with her. B. Lend her some money. C. Ask Noah for help.
听第9段材料, 回答第13 至 16题。
13. Why does the man meet the woman?
A. To look at an apartment. B. To have a meal together. C. To deliver some furniture.
14. What does the man like about the carpet?
A. Its quality. B. Its size. C. Its color.
15. What does the man think of the kitchen?
A. It's well-designed. B. It's well-equipped. C. It's well-painted.
16. What will the man probably do next?
A. Take a bus. B. Make a payment. C. Talk with his wife.
听第10段材料, 回答第17 至20题。
17. Why does the speaker organize the activity?
A. To prepare for Children's Day. B. To celebrate the end of the school year.
C. To welcome children in the neighborhood.
18. What is the activity for children about?
A. Looking for the hidden gifts. B. Hiding around the center. C. Having a group discussion.
19. What are the children required to do before going out?
A. Find the flags. B. Write their names down. C. Stay together with their parents.
20. Who will go to the other side of the center?
A. The preschool children. B. The third-grade children. C. The fourth-grade children.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
第2页/共21页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Post of Executive Director of the AEC Committee
Asia Economic Cooperation (AEC), with 21 Member Economies, is a unique cooperative economic forum
that has been successful in promoting regional economic growth through trade and investment liberalization, and
capacity building since its foundation in 1989. It has achieved this through open dialogue, trust building and
voluntary commitments.
The AEC Committee, based in Singapore, fulfils an important role is supporting the AEC process, including
policy, technical and communications services to an extensive range of shareholders.
AEC is looking for a dynamic Executive Director for a 3-year term (with the option for a 1-3year extension) to
lead the Committee from January 2025.
The successful candidate should be from an AEC Member Economy and must possess strong leadership
qualities, public sector experience, senior management experience, and organizational development experience,
high political sensitivity and multilateral work experience, preferably in trade or economic related areas. The
candidate should also have managed multi-cultural work environment. The candidate must indicate how their
experience and qualifications match those required.
Extensive travel is expected.
More information on AEC can be found at our website www. aec. org. Applications should reach us no later
than 15 July 2024 via e-mail hr-recruit@aec. org or mailed to the Human Resource Director, AEC Committee, 35
Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Singapore119616.
Your application must indicate how your experience and qualifications match those required.
Only shortlisted candidates will be notified.
1. What do we know about the The AEC Committee?
A. It is based in Singapore. B. It leads the AEC process.
C. It deals with political issues. D. It has 21 Member Economies.
2. What is required of a qualified candidate?
A. Strong political background. B. High-level leadership expertise.
C. Advanced multi-linguistic skills. D. Sharp environmental awareness.
3. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?
A. Cover Story. B. News Updates.
C. Career Opportunities. D. Volunteering Information.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是亚洲经济合作委员会（AEC）发布的一则招聘启事，寻找一位具有强
大领导力、公共部门经验、高级管理经验、组织发展经验、高度政治敏感性和多边工作经验的执行董事。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The AEC Committee, based in Singapore, fulfils an important role is supporting the
AEC process, including policy, technical and communications services to an extensive range of shareholders.(总部
设在新加坡的AEC委员会在支持AEC进程方面发挥着重要作用，包括向广泛的股东提供政策、技术和沟
通服务。)”可知，AEC 委员会总部位于新加坡，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“The successful candidate should be from an AEC Member Economy and must
possess strong leadership qualities, public sector experience, senior management experience, and organizational
development experience, high political sensitivity and multilateral work experience, preferably in trade or
economic related areas.(成功的候选人必须来自AEC成员经济体，必须具有很强的领导才能，公共部门经验，
高级管理经验，组织发展经验，高度的政治敏感性和多边工作经验，最好是在贸易或经济相关领域。)”可
知，合格的候选人需要具有高水平的领导才能，故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Post of Executive Director of the AEC Committee(AEC委员会执行主任一
职)”以及文章内容可知，本文是一篇招聘广告，所以它可能出现在杂志的“职业机会”栏目中，故选C。
B
Amy was a dear little girl, but she often tended to waste time in getting ready to do her tasks, instead of doing
them at once as she ought to.
In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thornton kept a store where he sold fruit of all kinds, including berries in
their season. One day he said to Amy, whose parents were quite poor, “Would you like to earn some money? ”
“Oh, yes,” replied she, “for I want some new shoes, and papa has no money to buy them with. ”
“Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thornton, “I noticed some fine, ripe blackberries in Mr. Green’s field today, and he said
that anybody was welcome to them. I will pay you thirteen cents a quart (度量单位) for all you will pick for me”
Amy was delighted at the thought of earning some money; so she ran home to get a basket, intending to go
immediately to pick the berries.
Then she thought she would like to know how much money she would get if she picked five quarts. With the
help of her slate (书写板) and pencil, she found out that she would get sixty-five cents.
“But supposing I should pick a dozen quarts,” thought she, “how much should I earn then?” “Dear me!” she
said, after figuring a while, “I should earn a dollar and fifty-six cents.”
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Amy then found out what Mr. Thornton would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred quarts. It took her
some time to do this, and then it was so near dinner time that she had to stay at home until afternoon.
As soon as dinner was over, she took her basket and hurried to the field. Some boys had been there before
dinner, and all the ripe berries were picked. She could not find enough to fill a quart measure.
4. Why did Mr. Thornton invite Amy to pick berries?
A. To help her buy new shoes. B. To help her make some money.
C. To help her get rid of bad habits. D. To help her enter the fruit business.
5. What should Amy do if she wanted to earn the money?
A. Calculate how much she earned. B. Make use of her slate and pencil.
C. Ask for permission from her parents. D. Get a basket and pick berries quickly.
6. Which of the following words can best describe the character of Amy?
A. Considerate and smart. B. Reasonable and realistic.
C. Idealistic and impractical. D. Unselfish and independent.
7. Which one can be the best title of the story?
A. Lost Blackberries. B. A Girl Picking Berries.
C. How Much Amy Can Earn. D. The Money Amy Didn’t Earn.
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个叫Amy的小女孩，总是光想事不做事。一天，Mr.
Thornton叫她去农场摘黑莓，告诉她这是一个挣钱的好机会，可是Amy迟迟不去，一直在算她能挣多少钱，
最后等她到了农场发现，黑莓都被摘光了。
【4题详解】公众号：高中试卷君
细节理解题。根据第二段“In the village in which she lived, Mr. Thornton kept a store where he sold fruit of all
kinds, including berries in their season. One day he said to Amy, whose parents were quite poor, “Would you like to
earn some money? ”(在她居住的村子里，桑顿先生开了一家商店，出售各种水果，包括当季的浆果。有一
天，他对父母很穷的艾米说：“你想赚点钱吗？”)”可知，桑顿先生让艾米去摘浆果是为了让她赚点钱。
故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段““Well, Amy,” said Mr. Thornton, “I noticed some fine, ripe blackberries in Mr.
Green’s field today, and he said that anybody was welcome to them. I will pay you thirteen cents a quart (度量单
位) for all you will pick for me”(“嗯，艾米，”桑顿先生说，“我今天在格林先生的田里看到了一些又好又
熟的黑莓，他说任何人都可以采摘。你帮我采摘一夸脱，我会付给你十三美分。”)”可知，如果艾米想赚
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司钱，她应该拿一个篮子，快速采摘浆果。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Amy was a dear little girl, but she often tended to waste time in getting ready to do
her tasks, instead of doing them at once as she ought to.(艾米是一个可爱的小女孩，但她往往会浪费时间准备
做事，而不是像她应该的那样立即完成它们。)”和倒数第二段“Amy then found out what Mr. Thornton
would pay her for fifty, a hundred, and two hundred quarts. It took her some time to do this, and then it was so near
dinner time that she had to stay at home until afternoon.(艾米随后得知桑顿先生愿意为她支付五十夸脱、一百
夸脱和两百夸脱的酒钱。她花了不少时间才搞清楚，但此时已经快到晚餐时间了，她不得不待在家里直到
下午)”可知，艾米只顾计算能挣多少钱，迟迟采取行动去摘黑莓，以至于最后黑莓被摘光了，由此可推知，
艾米是理想化而不切实际的。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了一个叫Amy的小女孩，总是光想事不做事。一天，Mr.
Thornton叫她去农场摘黑莓，告诉她这是一个挣钱的好机会，可是Amy迟迟不去，一直在算她能挣多少钱，
最后等她到了农场发现，黑莓都被摘光了，以至于最后没有挣到钱。D项“艾米没有赚到的钱。”适合作
文章标题，故选D。
C
In an attempt to explore unknown environments, a Chinese team created an octopus (章鱼) — inspired
flexible robotic arm capable of sensing and controlling objects in limited spaces and underwater.
According to the study published in the latest edition of Science Robotics, the robot allowed blindfolded
human operators to guide its arm, using suckers (吸盘) to pick up various objects, including a toy shark and a
smooth metal ball, via a single-finger glove.
This new invention created by a team of researchers, led by Wen Li from Beihang University was inspired by
the octopus, which moves its soft arms to catch its games with sensitive suckers.
A simple strategy like this can be used as a model for robotic grasping, controllable with a few inputs, as well
as a highly deformable arm with sensing capabilities.
Wen’s team fixed electronics and circuits into the robots while maintaining their deformability. The
researchers presented a stretchable electronics-integrated soft octopus arm with 16 air-driven devices and multiple
degrees of freedom.
,
The robot's stretchable liquid-metal-based electronic circuit can stand super stretching force to perform tasks
autonomously in a limited environment, findings from the study showed.
The soft arm with two rows of sensory sucking cups that connect with the wearer's finger can perform a
reaching-grasping-returning motion across a range of up to 1.5 times its original arm length, similar to the
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司biological counterpart (对应方), the study revealed.
“This robotic model provides new prospects and development ideas for the future interactive applications of
flexible robots, including medical robots, seabed exploration robots, and so on” said the expert.
8. What inspired the invention of the robotic arm according to the passage?
A. The limited spaces underwater.
B. The special biological structure of the octopus.
C. The desire to explore the living environment of octopus.
D. The team work of the researchers from Beihang University.
9. What's the meaning of the underlined word “deformable” in paragraph 4?
.
A Powerful. B. Changeable. C. Steady. D. Active.
10. Which device is integrated into the robot?
A. Plastic circuits. B. Suckers of octopuses.
.
C Electronic sensors. D. Arms of octopuses.
11. What do the experts imply in the last paragraph?
A. Octopus is a very magic underwater creature.
B. Creativity plays a very important part in science.
C. The unknown world offers possibility for innovation.
D. One invention can bring about a chain reaction of breakthroughs.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国团队创造了一种受章鱼启发的柔性机械臂，够在有限的空间和
水下感应和控制物体。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“This new invention created by a team of researchers, led by Wen Li from Beihang
University was inspired by the octopus, which moves its soft arms to catch its games with sensitive suckers. (这项
由北航大学的温丽领导的研究小组创造的新发明受到了章鱼的启发，章鱼会移动柔软的手臂，用敏感的吸
盘捕捉游戏)”可知，根据文章，章鱼的特殊生物结构激发了机械臂的发明。故选B。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。文章第五段讲到“Wen’s team fixed electronics and circuits into the robots while maintaining their
deformability. The researchers presented a stretchable electronics-integrated soft octopus arm with 16 air-driven
devices and multiple degrees of freedom. (温的团队在保持机器人变形能力的同时，将电子器件和电路固定在
机器人上。研究人员展示了一种可拉伸的电子集成软章鱼手臂，该手臂具有16个空气驱动装置和多个自由
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司度)”可知，这种机器人的手臂是一种可拉伸的电子集成软章鱼手臂，这个手臂是软的，可变形的，因此划
线单词所在句子的意思是“像这样的简单策略可以用作机器人抓取的模型，只需少量输入即可控制，也可
以用作具有传感能力的高度变形手臂”。因此，第四段中带下划线单词的含义是“可变的”。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“The soft arm with two rows of sensory sucking cups that connect with the
wearer's finger can perform a reaching-grasping-returning motion across a range of up to 1. 5 times its original arm
length, similar to the biological counterpart(对应方), the study revealed. (柔软的手臂上有两排与佩戴者手指相
连的感觉吸盘，可以在高达1的范围内进行伸手抓地的返回动作。研究显示，它是原来臂长的5倍，与生
物对应物相似。)”可知，电子传感器集成到机器人中。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“ This robotic model provides new prospects and development ideas for the
future interactive applications of flexible robots, including medical robots, seabed exploration robots, and so on(该
机器人模型为未来柔性机器人的交互应用提供了新的前景和发展思路，包括医疗机器人、海底探测机器人
等)”可知，专家们在最后一段中的意思是：一项发明可以带来突破的连锁反应。故选D。
D
Some songs might speak to your soul even if you don't know the words. The almost magical way that music
reflects and influences our emotions led American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow to declare it the “universal
language of mankind”. But how universal is it really?
A team of more than a dozen researchers and countless undergraduates set out to collect and interpret
descriptions and recordings of musical performances around the world. Their first finding: Music is indeed
universal. Or at least statistical modeling strongly suggests that more than 99% of societies have music. Then, they
analyzed the song descriptions for sixty very different societies and looked at different qualities related to song
performance.
As they classified the songs, they found that three dimensions (方面) accounted for more than a quarter of the
variability between songs. The first was how formal or informal a song was. Songs high in formality had large
audiences and lots of instruments, often involved ceremonial events, and frequently had adult-only audiences.
Informal events had smaller audiences, including children, or no audience at all. The second was how arousing a
song was to its listeners. Lively events involving lots of dancing were high on this dimension, while a low value
reflected a calmer event, like someone singing to themselves or a baby. The last was how religious song was. Songs
used in ceremonies were high in religiosity, while those without a spiritual context scored low.
The researchers applied their findings to four widespread categories of music: lullabies (摇篮), dance songs,
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司love songs and healing songs, and found clear trend. Most dance was highly arousing and formal, but low in
religiosity. Lullabies were mostly low in formality and low in arousal. And healing songs scored high in all
dimensions while love songs were low in all dimensions. Even more interesting, the distribution of these behaviors
was similar in all societies studied.
Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring questions about music
universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields, like storytelling or
visual art.
12. How was the research conducted?
A. By making comparison and contrast. B. By finding similarities.
C. By collecting and analyzing data. D. By illustrating examples.
13. Which kind of music may involve the most audiences and instruments?
A. Lullabies. B. Dance songs. C. Love songs. D. Healing songs.
14. How is the future of their research findings according to the scholars?
A. Promising. B. Unpredictable. C. Impractical. D. Limited.
15. What can be concluded from the passage?
A. Songs can speak to your soul only if you know their words.
B. Differences in formality lead to the variability between songs.
C. Music is classified by the number of audience and instruments.
D. Research on the universals of music can help explore other fields.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员对音乐普遍性进项了分析和研究。音乐普遍性具有启
发性，也有助于探索其他领域。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“A team of more than a dozen researchers and countless undergraduates set out to collect
and interpret descriptions and recordings of musical performances around the world.(一个由十几名研究人员和无
数本科生组成的团队开始收集和解读世界各地音乐表演的描述和录音)”以及第三段“As they classified the
songs, they found that three dimensions (方面) accounted for more than a quarter of the variability between songs.(当他
们对歌曲进行分类时，他们发现三个维度占歌曲之间可变性的四分之一以上)”可推知，研究是通过收集和
分析数据进行的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Songs high in formality had large audiences and lots of instruments, often involved
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司ceremonial events, and frequently had adult-only audiences.(高度正式的歌曲有大量的观众和大量的乐器，通常
涉及仪式活动，而且通常只有成人观众)”以及第四段“Most dance was highly arousing and formal, but low in
religiosity. (大多数舞蹈都很有煽动性，很正式，但宗教信仰很低)”可推知，舞曲可能涉及最多的观众和乐
器。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring
questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields,
like storytelling or visual art.(学者们表示，他们的数据库可以推动未来对音乐普遍性更具启发性的问题的研
究。他们的方法可能被用来挑选其他难以分析的领域的模式，比如讲故事或视觉艺术)”可推知，学者们认
为，他们的研究结果是很有前景的。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scholars say that their database could fuel future research into even more inspiring
questions about music universals. And their method might be used to pick out patterns in other hard-to-analyze fields,
like storytelling or visual art.(学者们表示，他们的数据库可以推动未来对音乐普遍性更具启发性的问题的研
究。他们的方法可能被用来挑选其他难以分析的领域的模式，比如讲故事或视觉艺术)”可推知，对音乐普
遍性的研究有助于探索其他领域。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is likely
to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to
reflect on the quality of food and service. ___16___
Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening eatery
at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-by
may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example.
___17___ Ever-increasing numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led
to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded restaurant.
Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as
“herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common example
being sheep. ___18___
In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of
large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司protection and comfort. ___19___ Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal or
unique decision.
___20___ Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called
“information cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically
appraising the underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid
behaviours.
A. But is this true?
B. It is therefore an easy option.
C. After all, there’s “safety in numbers”.
D. Herding can appear to make a lot of sense.
E. This could have resulted in a snow-balling effect.
F. Herd behaviours, while easy to explain, hold significant dangers.
G. The number of diners is unlikely to indicate the quality of the meal.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了跟随他人行为的问题，包括在选择餐馆时随意跟随人群的不
良影响，并解释了“从众”行为的危险性。
【16题详解】
上文“How to pick the best place for a much-needed refreshment? If you’re like most people, a simple clue is
likely to vary your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is
bound to reflect on the quality of food and service(如何挑选一个最适合休息的地方？如果你和大多数人一样，
一个简单的线索可能会改变你的选择。你会寻找最繁忙、食客最多的餐厅，因为它的受欢迎程度必然会反
映在食物和服务的质量上)”指出了人们在挑选餐馆时会跟随他人的行为，下文“Ever-increasing numbers
of customers were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an
overcrowded restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚
餐选择。)”指出，食客多、繁忙的餐厅晚餐也可能不好；A项“但这是真的吗？”承上启下，下文对此问
题作出了回答，“this”指代上文陈述的内容。故选A。
【17题详解】
上文“Early diners with no meaningful clues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked their evening
eatery at random, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the smiliest waiter. The following passers-
by may have misinterpreted their restaurant choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example.
(早起的食客对于选择哪家餐厅没有任何有意义的线索，他们可能会随机选择晚餐餐厅，例如选择名字最好
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司听的餐厅或笑容最灿烂的服务员。随后的路人可能会误解他们的餐厅选择是明智的决定，并盲目地效仿他
们的做法)”指出人们在选择餐厅时只是根据名字最好听或笑容最灿烂的服务员等来选择，这是没有任何意
义的，这导致其他人误解他们的选择是明智的，进而盲目跟随，下文“Ever-increasing numbers of customers
were attracted to the restaurant in question, which could have led to a bad dinner choice in an overcrowded
restaurant.(越来越多的顾客被这家餐厅吸引，这可能会导致在过度拥挤的餐厅中出现糟糕的晚餐选择。)”
指出这种盲目跟风行为导致一种不良结果，由此可知，空处应引起下文，指出这种行为会产生不良后果，
E项“这可能会产生滚雪球效应。”符合语境，选项中“snow-balling effect”与下文“Ever-increasing
numbers of customers were attracted to the restaurant”相对应。故选E。
【18题详解】
上文“Voluntarily copying other people’s thoughts or choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to
as “herd behaviour.” It is a frequent occurrence amongst humans as well as many other animals, a common
example being sheep.(自愿模仿其他人的想法或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”。这种行
为在人类以及许多其他动物中经常发生，常见的例子就是绵羊。)”介绍了指出这种自愿模仿其他人的想法
或选择，或者只是随波逐流通常被称为“从众行为”，下文“In an earlier article, I discussed the so-called
“wisdom of crowds”, which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform
individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. (我在之前的一篇文
章中讨论了所谓的“群体智慧”，该观点认为，大群体的平均判断往往优于个人选择。此外，随大流似乎
能提供保护和安慰。)”指出这种行为所蕴含的智慧，由此可知，这种行为似乎很有道理，D项“从众行为
看上去很有道理。”符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
上文“Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort.(此外，随波逐流似乎能带来保
护和安慰。)”指出从众似乎能带来保护和安慰，空处承接上文，对此作出解释，C项“毕竟，‘人多势
众。”符合语境，“人多势众”这种心理使得人们感觉从众会带来保护和安慰，故选C。
【20题详解】
下文“Contrary to the so-called “wisdom of crowds”, herd behaviours typically rely on so-called “information
cascades (瀑布)”, where people take on others’ beliefs or copy their choices without critically appraising the
underlying reasons. This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviours.(与所谓的
“群体智慧”相反，从众行为通常依赖于所谓的“信息瀑布”，即人们接受他人的信念或模仿他们的选择，
而不批判性地评估其背后的原因。这经常导致模仿不合理或愚蠢的行为)”指出了从众心理的危害性，F项
“从众行为虽然很容易解释，但却具有重大危险”符合语境，引起下文，故选F。
第三部分 语言应用（共两节，满分30分）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分 15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
At 33, I did something brave, or some would say stupid. I ___21___ Congress (国会). For years, I had
existed safely ___22___ the scenes in politics as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The polls
(投票), however, told a very ___23___ story. I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first
time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn’t worry about being ___24___.
In 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code. We immediately see our girls’ ___25___ of not being
perfect. When the girls are first learning how to code, she’ll say, “I don’t know what ___26___ to write.” and
shows a ___27___ text editor. But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code and
then ___28___ it. Instead of showing the ___29___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all.
Some people worry about our budget deficit (赤字), but I worry about our ____30____ deficit. Most girls
are raised to ____31____ risk and failure. This is ____32____ women are underrepresented in STEM, in
Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with
____33____, and we’ve got to do it now. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers,
when it has the most potential to ____34____ their lives, and we have to show them that they will be loved and
____35____ not for being perfect but for being courageous.
21. A. ran for B. lied to C. voted against D. traded with
22. A. on B. off C. inside D. behind
23. A. classic B. simple C. different D. complex
24. A. risky B. perfect C. stupid D. beautiful
25. A. fear B. effort C. trouble D. struggle
26. A. code B. answer C. deficit D. character
27. A. random B. blank C. marked D. broken
28. A. used B. saved C. cracked D. deleted
29. A. mess B. success C. progress D. difference
30. A. honesty B. bravery C. generosity D. determination
31. A. face B. avoid C. admit D. expect
32. A. why B. how C. when D. where
33. A. doubt B. danger C. uncertainty D. imperfection
34. A. earn B. risk C. impact D. enjoy
35. A. inspired B. accepted C. tolerated D. protected
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. D
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在33岁的时候做了一些勇敢的事：竞选国会议员。由此作者感悟到女生
会被爱和接受，不是因为她们完美，而是因为她们勇敢。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我竞选国会议员。A. ran for为……竞选；B. lied to对……撒谎；C. voted
against投票反对；D. traded with对……与交易。根据下文“but in my heart, I always wanted to run”可知，
作者参选国会议员。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：多年来，作为一名组织者，我一直安全地生活在政治的幕后，但在我心中，我
一直想参选。A. on在……上；B. off关闭；C. inside内部；D. behind在……的后面。根据下文“as an
organizer”可知，作者多年来一直在幕后工作。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，民意调查却讲述了一个截然不同的故事。A. classic经典的；B. simple
简单的；C. different不同的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“but in my heart, I always wanted to run”以及下
文“I only got 19 percent of the vote”可知，作者心里想的参选结果和事实结果是不同的。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管结果如此，这是我一生中第一次做一些真正勇敢的事情，我不担心自己
是完美的。A. risky有风险的；B. perfect完美的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据上文“I only
got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that
was truly brave”可知，这是作者第一次参选，虽然结果不太如意，作者真正做了这一生中真正勇敢的事实，
作者也不必担心自己不够完美。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们立刻看到了我们的女孩们对不完美的恐惧。A. fear害怕；B. effort努力；
C. trouble故障；D. struggle奋斗。根据下文“Instead of showing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather
show nothing at all.”可知，女孩子们害怕出现错误。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道该写什么代码。A. code代码；B. answer答案；C. deficit赤字；D.
character性格。根据上文“When the girls are first learning how to code”可知，此处指的是写代码。故选A
项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后展示一个空白文本编辑器。A. random随机的；B. blank空白的；C.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司marked标记的；D. broken破碎的。根据下文“Instead of showing the ___9___ that she made, she’d rather
show nothing at all.”可知，女孩子们宁愿在编辑器里什么都不显示，也不愿展示出她们出现的错误，因此，
编辑器是空白的。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果老师按下undo几次，她会看到她的学生写了代码，然后删除了它。A.
used用；B. saved保存，拯救；C. cracked断裂；D. deleted删除。根据下文“Instead of showing the
___9___ that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all. ”可知，女孩子们宁愿在编辑器里什么都不显示，
也不愿展示出她们取得的进步。她们把编辑器里的代码都删除了。故选D项。
【29题详解】
的
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她宁愿什么都不显示，而不是显示她所取得 进步。A. mess一团糟；B.
success成功；C. progress进度；D. difference差别。根据上文“But if the teacher presses undo a few times,
she’ll see her student wrote code”以及常识可知，写代码的过程是一个不断修正，不断试错，从而取得进步
的过程。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人担心我们的预算赤字，但我担心我们的勇气赤字。A. honesty诚实；B.
bravery勇敢；C. generosity慷慨；D. determination决心。根据下文“We have to teach them to be brave in
schools and early in their careers”可知，作者担心女孩子们不够勇敢。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数女孩的成长是为了避免风险和失败。A. face面对；B. avoid避免；C.
admit承认；D. expect预料。根据下文“We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their
careers”可知，教育女孩子们避免风险。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查表语从句连接词辨析。句意：这就是为什么女性在STEM、国会以及几乎所有你看到的地方都代表性
不足的原因。A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. when当……时候；D. where哪里。根据上文“Most girls are
raised to ___11___ risk and failure.”可知，这是女性代表性不足的原因。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们必须让我们的女孩适应不完美，现在我们必须这样做。A. doubt怀疑；B.
danger危险；C. uncertainty不确定性；D. imperfection缺陷。根据下文“and we have to show them that they
will be loved and ___15___ not for being perfect but for being courageous.”可知，要让我们的女孩适应不
完美。故选D项。
【34题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们必须教会她们在学校和职业生涯早期要勇敢，当她们最有可能享受生活时，
我们必须向她们表明，她们会被爱和被接受，不是因为他们完美，而是因为她们勇敢。A. earn赚；B. risk
风险；C. impact冲击；D. enjoy享受。根据上文“We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in
their careers”可知，只有足够勇敢才能享受生活。故选D项。
【35题详解】公众号：高中试卷君
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. inspired启发；B. accepted接受；C. tolerated耐受；D. protected保护。
根据前文“be loved”可知，因为自己的勇敢和不完美而被接受和被爱。故选B项。
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Celebrity giant panda He Ye, who ___36___ (believe) to be male after it was born in July 2020, is in fact
female, according to a recent post from the Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding.
“When He Ye was born, her gender ___37___ (characteristic) leaned toward being male, such as high
urination (排尿), lively personality, and tall figure. However, as He Ye grew up, her male features did not develop
___38___ (according)” a keeper named Tan said.
Hearing the news, Chinese netizens expressed surprise and heatedly discussed the ___39___ (complex) of
identifying the gender of a giant panda. Some called on researchers to conduct similar investigations into other
giant pandas. Some others felt happy and had fun ___40___ (get) creative with photos of the girl.
In fact, it is not the first time a giant panda ___41___ (have) its gender misidentified. Tan, the keeper who
has been taking care ___42___ He Ye, explained: “because the gender of the panda is a little bit complicated, and
there have been cases in the past ___43___ the gender of the panda was mistaken.” Out of many large mammals,
giant pandas are ___44___ (challenging) to distinguish between males and females. It is difficult to determine
their gender without ___45___ DNA test. This is mainly because young giant pandas do not exhibit obvious
secondary sexual features.
【答案】36. is believed
37. characteristics
38. accordingly
39. complexity
40. getting
41. has had
42. of 43. where
44. the most challenging
45. a
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了明星大熊猫和叶于2020年7月出生，人们一直以为它是雄
性，但根据成都大熊猫繁育研究基地最近的一篇文章，它是雌性。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：明星大熊猫和叶于 2020 年 7 月出生，人们一直以为它是雄性，但根据成都大
熊猫繁育研究基地最近的一篇文章，它是雌性。此处在who引导的定语从句中作谓语，who代指先行词He
Ye，为单数意义，和动词believe是被动关系，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，故填is believed。
【37题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：和叶出生时，性别特征就偏向男性，排尿量多、性格活泼、身材高挑。由such as
high urination (排尿), lively personality, and tall figure可知，性格不止一个，应用复数形式，故填
characteristics。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：“但随着和叶长大，它的男性特征却没有发育出来。”饲养员谭先生说。此处应用副词
accordingly作状语，修饰动词develop，故填accordingly。
【39题详解】公众号：高中试卷君
考查名词。句意：消息一出，中国网民纷纷表示惊讶，并热烈讨论大熊猫性别识别的复杂性。此处应用名
词complexity作宾语，表示“复杂性”，不可数，故填complexity。
【40题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：其他一些人则感到高兴，并很开心地为女孩拍摄创意照片。have fun doing sth.固
定搭配，意为“做某事很开心”，故填getting。
【41题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：事实上，这并不是大熊猫第一次被误认性别。it is the first time (that) 主语+has/have
done sth.，主语是单数，助动词应用has，故填has had。
【42题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：负责照顾和叶的饲养员谭先生解释道：“因为大熊猫的性别比较复杂，以前也发生
过误认性别的情况。”take care of固定搭配，意为“照顾”，故填of。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：负责照顾和叶的饲养员谭先生解释道：“因为大熊猫的性别比较复杂，以前也发生
过误认性别的情况。”空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词cases，且关系词在从句中作状语，应用关系副词
where引导定语从句。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在许多大型哺乳动物中，大熊猫是最难区分雄性和雌性的。由空前比较范围“
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Out of many large mammals”可知，此处表示大熊猫是最难区分雄性和雌性的，所以空处需用形容词的
最高级。故填the most challenging。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：如果没有 DNA 测试就很难确定他们的性别。此处泛指一个DNA测试，应用不定冠词来
修饰，且DNA发音是以辅音因素开头，应用a，故填a。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Jack所在的学校将举办中国传统文化节，他准备从以下三个节目中选其
一表演：中国传统乐器演奏、中国传统服饰秀、中国传统才艺展示。现向你征求建议。请给他写封邮件，
内容包括：
1. 你的建议；
2. 你的理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jack,
I am writing to express my opinion on the Chinese Traditional Culture Festival to be held by your school. The
Chinese traditional instrument performance, such as playing erhu, is a good choice.
In the vast and rich musical landscape of China, erhu stands out as a unique and enchanting instrument. Often
described as the “voice of the Chinese soul”, erhu has a history that spans thousands of years, making it one of the
oldest musical instruments in the world. What’s more, it has been three years since you began to learn about it, so
I’m firmly convinced that your performance will be attractive to the audience.
,
The song I recommend to you is “Two Springs Reflecting the Moon” which is a rare and timeless piece of
Chinese traditional instrumental music. It has captivated listeners across generations and continues to do so today.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生英国朋友Jack写封邮件，Jack的学校将举办中国传统文化节，
向他推荐三个节目中的一种表演：中国传统乐器演奏、中国传统服饰秀、中国传统才艺展示，并说明理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
迷人的：enchanting →fascinating
此外：what’s more→in addition
相信：be convinced→believe
迷住：captivated→fascinate
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Often described as the “voice of the Chinese soul”, erhu has a history that spans thousands of years, making
it one of the oldest musical instruments in the world.
拓展句：Often described as the “voice of the Chinese soul”, erhu has a history that spans thousands of years,
which makes it one of the oldest musical instruments in the world.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Often described as the “voice of the Chinese soul”, erhu has a history that spans
thousands of years, making it one of the oldest musical instruments in the world. (使用了过去分词作定语，that
引导定语从句以及现在分词短语作状语)
【高分句型2】The song I recommend to you is “Two Springs Reflecting the Moon”, which is a rare and timeless
piece of Chinese traditional instrumental music. (使用了省略关系代词that的定语从句以及which引导的非限
制性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The paper was hidden in a brown bag. It was her late father’s bucket list, written on three pages torn from a
notebook. Laura Carney looked down at it, then she glanced up at her husband. Without a word spoken, they both
knew: “I needed to finish it,” says Carney, 46.
Her brother, David, was the first to spot it. He uncovered the treasure in 2016—13 years after their father,
Michael Mick Carney, was tragically killed when he was 54 by a distracted driver.
The list, Carney says, was written in 1978, the year she was born. It had 60 tasks, five of which had already
been checked off. One was marked “failed”. That left 54 items for Carney to complete. The tasks ranged from
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司relatively simple tasks, like “grow a watermelon,” to more complicated ones like “correspond with a famous
celebrity”. Several tasks were seemingly impossible. Still, Carney was not discouraged. For Carney, the bucket list
was an unexpected opportunity to work through her pain and reconnect with her dad.
“The first couple ones that I did happened organically,” Carney says. She had already signed up for a
marathon, which allowed her to check “run 10 miles straight” off the list.
Another item she completed early on was “talk with the president.” She learned that former President Jimmy
Carter—who would have been president when Carney’s father wrote the list—taught Sunday school in Georgia.
She and her husband flew there to meet him.
While Carney completed many of the bucket list tasks on her own—including a two-week trip to Europe— “it
didn’t really feel like I was doing things alone, because I knew my dad was with me,” she says. “I feel like my
relationship with him is very present.”
Carney’s brother and mother accompanied her for some activities, and her husband joined her for others.
“After about the first year or two of doing this project, he would say to me that the person he had always seen in me
was coming out,” Carney says. “I had all these layers of sadness and fear that I was leaving behind.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
There was only one last task left on the list: “Have five songs recorded”.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
So she decided to write her own bucket list.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
There was only one last task left on the list: “Have five songs recorded”. To complete the last task, Carney
began to practice singing. Carney practiced hard and had a music teacher to guide her, sometimes staying up late.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司After learning to sing, Carney found one of the best local record companies to record, hoping to fulfill her father’s
wish with the best record. It took a lot of hard work for Carney to complete the recording of five songs, and it was
reassuring to know that she had ticked off everything on her father’s bucket list. Completing her father’s bucket list
gave Carney a deeper understanding of her father and, at the same time, of herself.
So she decided to write her own bucket list. With this in mind, she began to write her own bucket list. As she
missed her father, Carney thought about her life. She had to make her own list, just like her father. She wrote her
wishes on a list that included her wishes and those of her family. By helping her father complete the bucket list,
Carney learned that everyone should have their own goals and work hard to achieve them in order to be worthy of
their own life. Cherish the present and strive to move forward.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Carney在父亲去世后，发现父亲的遗愿清单，并决定要完成它，
在这个过程中，她逐渐认识到了真正的自己。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“名单上只剩下最后一个任务：‘录五首歌’。”可知，第一段可描写作最后一个任
务的完成过程和感受。
②由第二段首句内容“所以她决定写一份自己的遗愿清单。”可知，第二段可描写她的遗愿清单的相关
内容和对人生的感悟。
2.续写线索：练习歌曲——努力付出——录制歌曲——完成清单——反思过程——人生感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①希望：complete/finish/accomplish
②练习：practice/exercise
③指导：guide/direct
情绪类
①希望：hope/wish/expect
②宽慰的：reassuring/relieved/comforting
【点睛】【高分句型1】She wrote her wishes on a list that included her wishes and those of her family.(运用了
that引导的定语从句)
【高分句型2】By helping her father complete the bucket list, Carney learned that everyone should have their own
goals and work hard to achieve them in order to be worthy of their own life.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
