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专题 19 语法填空
考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势
2025全国二卷---从美国到浙江农村生活感 1.话题以人与社会为主，兼顾人
与自我和人与自然。
受；
2.主题以中国传统文化或中国元
2024九省联考卷—老式钢笔;
考点1 记叙文型
素为主，兼顾生活故事个人经
2023新课标II卷--动物园教英语;
语法填空（生活故
历。
2022新课标全国II—修理工救坠落孩子;
事）
3.给词填空占6-7空，自由填空占
（5年8考） 2022全国甲卷—失明男子徒步一带一路国家
3-4空。
2021新课标II卷—保护海洋减少塑料努力；
4. 给词填空以动词、名词、形容
2021全国甲卷—游览西安长城； 词和代词为主。
2021浙江6月卷—林肯老房子变迁。 5.自由填空以介词、冠词、连接
2025全国一卷---以围棋为灵感的艺术展览； 词和代词为主。
6.动词考查动词时态、语态、主
2025八省联考卷—联合国中文日；
谓一致用法；
2024新课标I卷--古丝绸之路丝路花园互鉴;
7.名词考查单数变复数用法和名
2024新课标II卷—汤显祖和莎士比亚互鉴;
词变形容词用法为主，兼顾名词
2023新课标I卷—美食小笼包;
考点2 说明文型语法 所有格和名词变动词。
2023全国甲卷—寓言故事智慧和意义;
填空（传统文化） 8.形容词考查形容词变副词、变
（5年12考）
2023全国乙卷—魅力北京新旧结合;
名词、变动词、变比较级或最高
2023浙江1月卷—北京胡同; 级甚至变反义词用法。
2022新课标全国I卷—大熊猫国家公园; 9.代词主要考查代词变形容词性
2022全国乙卷--庆祝国际茶日 物主代词、反身代词用法。
10.介词主要考查单一介词用法或
2021新课标I卷—黄山美景惹人醉；
“动词+介词”、“介词+名词”
2021全国乙卷—生态旅游。
用法。
2025浙江1月卷—服装租赁因经济环保流
11.冠词主要考查不定冠词(n)用法
考点3 说明文型语法
行；
以及the的区别和固定搭配。
填空（科学技术）
2024全国甲卷—美国国家公园；
12.连词主要考查并列句but, and,
（5年6考）
2024浙江1月卷—商家促销； or以及三大从句连接词用法，定
2022年浙江6月卷—给盲人展示触觉画； 语从句为主。2022年浙江1月卷—减少飞行应对气候挑
战；
2021浙江1月卷—体重指数变化背后。
考点01 记叙文型语法填空（生活故事）
【2025全国二卷】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang,
China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56 bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the
mountains, chickens are always free-range, and 57 (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me 58 this one-and to be sure, the first time I came here I never
imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt 59 learn in a
new environment. Over time, I’ve found 60 (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve
experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61
(be) one of them.
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance
62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an
entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 63 (absent) of smog
and plenty of blue sky 64 (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt 65 (leave) to sun for a day,
well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
【答案】56. where 57. central 58. for59. and 60. myself 61. is 62. to discover 63. absence 64. afternoons 65.
left
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从美国到中国浙江农村生活的经历与感受。
56. 考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野
生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
the countryside of Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。
故填where。
57. 考查形容词。句意同上。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故
填central。
58. 考查介词。句意：我生命中没有任何事情能让我为这一切做好准备——可以肯定的是，我第一次来到
这里时，从未想过我会在这个地方感到舒适。prepare sb. for...“使某人为……做好准备”，固定搭配。故
填for。
59. 考查连词。句意：但令人惊讶的是，你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
60. 考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语 I，表
示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时
态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes为第三人称单数，be动词用
is。故填is。
62. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有
机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语
used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填
to discover。
63. 查名词。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午的天很蓝天、
空气新鲜。本空作thanks to的宾语，应用名词absence“缺乏，没有”，不可数名词。故填absence。
64. 考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很
多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternoon“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternoons。故填
afternoons。
65. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味
道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a
sheet or shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
【2024九省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever you have to write a paper, a letter, or any other document for work or school, you probably head
toward the computer. Now, most people reach for 56 (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens. In a
Scottish primary school, however, Mr. Norman Lewis is taking a different approach. He feels that neat handwriting
57 (be) still an important skill, so he has his students write not only by hand but also 5 8 old fashioned
fountain pens.
Fountain pens 59 (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they
are refillable. Today, a writer 6 0 (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets 6 1 new one.
So far, Mr. Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment. He reports that his students are taking more
care with their work, and their self-confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the 62 (improve)
he sees in his students’ writing 63 in his own writing. He knows that computers are here 64
(stay) and that they will not disappear. However, he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to
focus, to write faster, and they can feel proud of 6 5 (they).
【答案】56. keyboards 57. is 58. with 59. were used 60. simply 61. a 62. Improvement 63. and 64. to stay 65.
themselves
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在苏格兰的一所小学里，诺曼·刘易斯让学生使用老式钢笔写字
取得良好效果的故事。56.考查名词的数。句意：现在，大多数人拿起键盘的速度比拿起笔的速度还快。根据空格前的介词 for可
知，空格处应填名词作宾语，keyboard 为可数名词，前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填
keyboards。
57.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，
还让他们用老式的钢笔写字。空格处作谓语，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语
handwriting为不可数名词，应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
58.考查介词。句意：他觉得整洁的书写仍然是一项重要的技能，所以他不仅让学生手写，还让他们用老式
的钢笔写字。根据空格后的名词old fashioned fountain pens可知，空格处应填介词，表示“使用”应用介
词with。故填with。
59.考查动词时态和语态。句意：钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了，最近又重新流行起来，因为它们可以重
新填充。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语long ago可知，应用一般过去时，主语Fountain pens和动词use之
间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
60.考查副词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格处作状语，修饰动词
throws，应用副词形式。故填simply。
61.考查冠词。句意：今天，一个作家只是把一支空笔扔掉，再买一支新的。空格后的代词one指代可数名
词pen，此处表示泛指，且new是以辅音音标开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
62.考查名词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。根据空格前的冠词the可知，空
格处应填名词作介词with的宾语，表示“改善”是improvement，为不可数名词。故填improvement。
63.考查连词。句意：他很高兴看到他的学生和他自己的书写都有了改善。空格前短语 in his students’
writing和空格后的短语in his own writing为并列关系，应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
64.考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。根据空前的动词are可知，空格处应填不
定式作表语，be to do为固定搭配，表示“必定会”，是对未来的一种推测。故填to stay。
65.考查代词。句意：然而，他认为，用钢笔练习可以帮助学生集中注意力，写得更快，他们可以为自己感
到自豪。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应填代词作宾语，根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故
填themselves。
【2023新课标II卷】
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind
it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals?
Since June 2017, right before the 56 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have
been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 57 (confidence) speaking English.
And who do they speak English 58 ?
Not the pandas, even though 59 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 60 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to
check on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 61 (interview) in
English with international journalists. This is 6 2 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning? 6 3 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch thepanda programme develop 6 4 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 65
(wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers
do their job in English.
【答案】56. arrival 57. confident 58. with 59. the 60. visiting 61. interviews 62. why 63. Basically 64. and 65.
wished
【文章大意】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
56.考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮
助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空
处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。
57.考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在
帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，
作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。故填confident。
58.考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：
speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with。
59.考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特
指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
60.考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检
查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形
容词为visiting“来访的”。故填visiting。
61.考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，
所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填
interviews。
62.考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从
句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培
训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
63.考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用
副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
64.考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，
“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，
应该用and连接。故填and。
65.考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本
句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时。
故填wished。
【2022新课标全国II卷】
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out hisarms to catch the 56 (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors
say he'll be OK.
57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs.
Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and
climbed up 59 (see) them. When he looked down, he 60 (accidental ) slipped and fell over the
edge. He hung on for a few minutes 61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry 62 (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the
balcony. He quickly 63 (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my 64 (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下
来的小孩Eric的故事。
56. falling考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了 100米，跳
过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓
语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。
故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
57. The考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词
与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于
句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
58. asleep考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容
词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，
asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
59. to see考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一
把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，
他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
60. accidentally考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，
设空处应该填写副词修饰动词 slipped。accidental 为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为
accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
61. and考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，
设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
62. was fixing考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。
根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事
实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
63. threw考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故
填threw。
64. son’s考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，
故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
65. how考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to
do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
【2022全国甲卷】
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step 61
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 62 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a
car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International
Cooperation 63 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the
ancient Silk Road. 64 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 65 (protect).
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 66 (meaning). The two of them collected more than
1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years, Cao 67 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached
the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 68 (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700
kilometers 69 Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, 70 (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
61. to journey 62. who 63. held 64. A 45. protection 66. meaningful 67. has walked 68. highest 69. from 70.
planning
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。
61. to journey。考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”
徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不
定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。
62. who。考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省
的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为 Cao Shengkang，指人，
在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
63. held。考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹决定徒步穿
越这条路线，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词 decided，所以hold应用非谓语
动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。
64. A。考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的
一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
65. protection。考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词
environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词。故填protection。
66. meaningful。考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应
用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
67. has walked。考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到
达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语 in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成
时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。
68. highest。考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达
了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的
山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
69. from。考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西
安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar 可知，此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”，应用介词from，固定搭配from…
to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。
70. planning。考查非谓语动词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内
徒步回到西安。分析句子可知，已有谓语动词flew，所以动词plan(计划)应用非谓语动词形式，plan与主
语He之间为逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动。故填planning。
【2021新课标II卷】
I've always loved the ocean. In the 56 (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay
Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, 57 (think)it is food.
I decided to do something 58 (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to
teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company 59
used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）.
I found the contact information of the company 60 emailed its president. I told him how 61
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so
62 (excite) when he wrote back to me. He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic
straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I
wrote to 63 (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company 64 (represent) wrote back and told me the
airline was switching over 65 plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
56. seventh 57. thinking 58. to educate 59. which##that 60. and 61. harmful 62. excited 63. was 64.
representative 65. from
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己为了保护海洋，减少塑料垃圾所做出的努力。
56.考查序数词。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。 表示“七年级” 用序
数词，所以填seventh。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结
构，____57____ (think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，____58____
(educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。
59.考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使
用塑料。分析句子结构， ____59____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系
词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。
60.考查连词。句意：我找到了这家公司的联系方式，并给公司总裁发了电子邮件。“found”和“emailed”
之间是并列关系，用and连接两个并列的谓语动词，所以填and。
61.考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感
叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
62.考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作 was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用
v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
63.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的
谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词
复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
64.考查名词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天 1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。该
空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。
65.考查介词。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天 1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。
from sth to sth从...到..., 所以填from。
【2021全国甲卷】
The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It 6 1 (build)
originally to protect the city 6 2 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is
possible 63 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 64 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was
time for some action and what 65 (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We 66 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 67
did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 68 way around the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do
it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 69 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to
watch the local people going about their 70 (day) routines.
61. was built 62. in 63. to walk 64. spending 65. better 66. hired 67. but 68. the 69. watchtowers 70. daily
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。
61. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，
动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可
知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。62. 句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个
朝代”应用介词in。故填in。
63. 句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好
的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真
正主语。故填to walk。
64. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什
么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。
故填spending。
65. 句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什
么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词 than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填
better。
66. 句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描
述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
67. 句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky
之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
68. 句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约 3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为 all the
way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
69. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人
进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，
应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
70. 句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人
进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。
【2021浙江6月卷】
It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown
Springfield, Illinois, 5 6 (prove) irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored
（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they
bought it 57 $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their 58 (marry)
ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much 59 (small) than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, "The little
home 60 (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house
was a reflection of 61 (she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.
Although Mary loved flowers, 62 she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time
neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace,
often came over 63 (plant) flowers in the front yard.
64 Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing
family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they
rented the house and 65 (sell) most of their furniture.56. has proved/has proven 57. for 58. marriage 59. smaller 60. was painted 61. herself 62. neither 63. to plant
64. The 65. sold
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变
迁历史。
56.考查动词。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺
伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分
可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后
的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完
成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是 has/have +过去分词；主语 Lincoln’s home in
downtown Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数，所以助动词用 has，提示词 prove 的过去分词形式是
proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。
57.考查介词。句意：1866年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，
查尔斯·德莱瑟在1862年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语 buy sth. for +价格，意为
“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
58.考查名词。句意：1866年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，
查尔斯·德莱瑟在1862年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；
结合设空处后的 ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词 marry 意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为
marriage，marriage ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
59.考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考
查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。
60.考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little
home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被
动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是 was/were+过去
分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故
填was painted。
61.考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，
此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。62.考查连
词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构
“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
63.考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空
处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为
to plant。故填to plant。
64.考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。
根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示
夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
65.考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可
知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
【2020全国III卷】
In ancient China lived an artist, 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him
proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present
their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 63 (choose), but
when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him
to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks
of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The
next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 68
(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed
milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and
the soft clouds, 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦
卑) by the greatest artist 70 earth, Mother Nature.
61. whose 62. finest 63. be chosen 64. curiosity 65. When/As 66. pointed 67. to find 68. gently 69.
surrounding 70. on
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智
的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位
世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。
61. 句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从
句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
62. 句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，
以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级
finest。故填finest。
53. 句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he
与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
64. 句意：怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇
心”。故填curiosity。
65. 句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为
时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词 asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应
用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
66. 句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上
文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
67. 句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语
为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
68. 句意：当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词moved应用副
词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。69. 句意：当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知，the soft
clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，
与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。
70. 句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”
短语为on earth。故填on。
【2019全国II卷】
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 61 (be) Britain's oldest full-time
employee---still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield, 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63
(final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.
Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65
(retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and
seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67
because I want to.”
Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31, who works alongside her in the family business, said it remained unknown as
to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got
a call 68 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official
letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder).”
【答案】61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made 67. but 68. saying
69. a 70. wonderful
【文章大意】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依然在宠物
店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的打算，她由此被评为“年度女士”。
61.考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
62.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened
一词的宾语，故用which。
63.考查副词用法。根据空格所处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词 have been
acknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”，故填finally。
64.考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had以及said可知，
用一般过去时态，故填declared。
65.考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故
填to retire。
66.考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我
喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
67.考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我
想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意，故填but。
68.考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，根据say与其逻辑主语call是
主动关系，故填saying。69.考查冠词用法。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为泛指，故填a。
70.考查形容词作表语。根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。
【2019全国III卷】
On our way to the house, it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would
take 62 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained
by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their
experiences and 65 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were
able to eat papaya (木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66
(compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition) stories
about Hawaii that were 68 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 69
(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 70 (listen) to
musicians and meeting interesting locals.
【答案】61. so62. to get 63. of64. who 65. recommended 66. competition 67. traditional 68. hugely69. were
invited 70. listening
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人
热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。
61.考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。
“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，固定句型。故填so。
62.考查固定搭配。本句运用了take...to do sth.，意为“花费……做某事”，故此处应填to get。
63.考查介词。“a pack of”意为“一群……”。故填of。
64.考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行
词为masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。
65.考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参
观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填
recommended。
66.考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填
competition。
67.考查形容词。空格修饰名词 stories，应用形容词形式，tradition 的形容词为 traditional，故填
traditional。
68.考查副词。空格处修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。
69.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会。由“on the last day of our
week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。
70.考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音
乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
考点2 说明文型语法填空（传统文化）
【2025全国一卷】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,
56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and
white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the
exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We
hope 58 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force
them to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to
the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the
opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent 62 no more
than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy)
placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil
paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【答案】56. which 57. the 58. to present 59. guidance 60. are revealed 61. tries 62. by 63. strategic 64. and 65.
digitally
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
56.考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围
棋”），它起源 4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为 Go, or weiqi in
Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
57.考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主
义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某
事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。
59.考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作
follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
60.考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本
句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的
尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，
所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
62.考查介词。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。
“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。
63.考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含
的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词
placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。
64.考查连词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的
能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。the balance between
the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each
move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
65.考查副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的
能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词
generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。
【2025八省联考卷】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the
organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 56 (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to
promote the equal use of all six 57 (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 58 the bond of
understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 59 (write) forms
make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 60 (treat)
equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 61 the world to better
understand China, but also 62 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays
an increasingly important role in 63 (improve) communication and cooperation between China and
64 rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese
culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its
development through 65 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱)
the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
【答案】56. to celebrate 57. tongues 58. and 59. written 60. be treated 61. for 62. promotes 63.
improving 64. the 65. innovation
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。
56.考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to
celebrate。
57.考查名词的数。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。tongue“语
言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。
58.考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of
communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations
为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
59.考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词 forms，需用形容
词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。
60.考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对
待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。
61.考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范
围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词
for，符合题意。故填for。
62.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促
进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The
UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。
63.考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。
此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。
64.考查冠词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest
of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。
65.考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰
富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词 through 的宾语，应用名词
innovation“创新”。故填innovation。
【2024新课标I卷】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,
56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and
white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the
exhibition.
“The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We
hope 58 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with
minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.”
“In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and forcethem to follow your 59 (guide) till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to
the exhibition.
“The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the
opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent 62 no more
than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy)
placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil
paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
【答案】56. which 57. the 58. to present 59. guidance 60. are revealed 61. tries 62. by 63. strategic 64. and 65.
digitally
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
56.考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围
棋”），它起源 4000 多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为 Go, or weiqi in
Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
57.考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主
义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某
事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。
59.考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作
follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
60.考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本
句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被
动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。
61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的
尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，
所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
62.考查介词。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。
“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。
63.考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含
的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词
placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。
64.考查连词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的
能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。the balance between
the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each
move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
65.考查副词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词
generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。
【2024新课标I卷】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens.
This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road
influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function)
structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).
These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather,
the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey
influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61
first time. These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and
fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk
Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the
southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64
brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of
gardening in England.
【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61 the 62. favorites 63. as 64.
which##that 65. richness【解析】
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位
于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸
之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
56.考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查
短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
57.考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词
structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth.
to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to
give。
59.考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之
后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
60.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一
般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
61.考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：
for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
62.考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，
意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数
形式。故填favorites。
63.考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热
带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英
国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
64.考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国
亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带
到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，
关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
65.考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热
带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英
国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故
填richness。
【2024新课标II卷】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 56 is known as “the Shakespeare of
Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there
are common 57 (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare
Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about 58 (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns.
I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways 59 Romeo
and Juliet.”
A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two
years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, 60 (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, 61 (build)at the Firs
Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 62 (visible), said Edmondson,
adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed 63 (find)the connection
between the two great writers.
64 (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and
meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson
said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language 65 see how Tang’s play was being performed.”【答案】56. who 57. themes 58. were 59. to 60. inspired 61. was built 62. visibility 65. to find 66.
Recalling 65. and
【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联
系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对
于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。
56. 考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡
——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，
在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
57. 考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过
面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，
本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。
58. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的
戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句
时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。
59. 考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧
《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符
合句意。故填to。
60. 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十
分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”
和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。
61. 考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十
分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本
句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用
被动语态。故填was built。
62. 考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客
们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，
visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，
游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的
原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来
斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是
如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动
关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。
65. 考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉
特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被
表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was beingperformed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。
【2023新课标I卷】
Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot,
56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive
steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first,
releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot
soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food
historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There
you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60
hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift)
out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat
should be fresh with 6 3 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 6 4 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always
left 65 (want) more next time.
【答案】56. tasty 57. to bite 58. or 59. recognized 60. by 61. to be lifted 62. their 63. a 64. rarely 65. wanting
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作
方法等等。
56.考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最
喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词 soup(汤)，故空格需用 tasty“美味的”作定语，故填
tasty。
57.考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包
放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并
列作宾语，故填to bite。
58.考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴
里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
59.考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南
翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去
分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。
60.考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，
而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不
会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作
宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被
动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。
62.考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会
撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。63.考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；
稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
64.考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下
次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据
句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
【2023全国甲卷】
For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 61 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables
were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 62 (six)
century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for
Tomorrow”
Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at
children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence
with is surroundings,” her fable begins, 65 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind
the simple style, however, is a serious message 66 (intend) for everyone.
67 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She
warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68
saving their environment.
The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Cason’s theme is
a more weighty 69 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has
been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】61. to teach 62. sixth 63. as 66. where 65. borrowing 66. intended 67. Different 68. for 69. warning
50. be employed
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
61.考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达
“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。
62.考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。
century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
63.考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价
值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。
64.考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一
起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为
town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境
一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。
故填borrowing。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for
打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。
67.考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from
与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
68.考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take
responsibility for对……负责。故填for。
69.考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据
句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。
70.考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要
真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后
接动词原形。故填be employed。
【2023全国乙卷】
Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong
61 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city
keeping its carefully 62 (build) system of ring roads.
But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of
modern life, with 21st-century architectural 64 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of
the past.
It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds
make a good combination. 66 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As
a photographer, I have spent the last two years 68 (record) everything I discovered.
The 69 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while
stepping into the modern world, 70 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be
photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【答案】61. to 62. built 63. which##that 64. wonders 65. but 66. Having visited 67. was amazed 68.
recording 69. remarkable 70. means
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同
时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，
并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。
61.考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有 3000多年的辉煌历史，甚
至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples
to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。
62.考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是 3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表
示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。
63.考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的
建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当
主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
64.考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑
奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of
the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。
65.考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct
visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good
combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
66.考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个
城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间
为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完
成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。
67.考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个
城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was
able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词
amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing
sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。
69.考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里
总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修
饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
70.考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有
新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本
句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
【2023浙江1月卷】
During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential
areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian,
appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by
the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit) to live closer to the center of
the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60
(feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined
by 61 (space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers.Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were
narrower.
Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63
capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64
(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace,
and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers.
56. and 57. originally 58. surrounded 59. were permitted 60. featured 61. spacious 62.simpler 63. as 64. events
65. the
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。
56.考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，
planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
57.考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词
meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
58.考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，
was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾
关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
59.考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，
空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应
用一般过去时。故填were permitted。
60.考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁
和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过
去时。故填featured。
61.考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容
词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
62.考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更
窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填
simpler。
63.考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些
还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。
64.考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有
一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应
用复数形式。故填events。
65.考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草
根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概
念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
【2022新课标全国I卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 56
(cover)an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59
(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60
(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems,
preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62
(population)and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the
wild.
Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection
for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the
ecosystem in the area.
56.Covering 57. the 58. were 59. to increase 60. is designed 61. and 62. populations 63. eventually 64.
as 65. that
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
56. Covering。考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家
公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词
的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
57. the。考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本
句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
58. were。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现
有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在 that引导的限制性
定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之
前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
59. to increase。考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现
有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做
目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
60. is designed。考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，
保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，
和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的
被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
61. and。考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保
护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填
and。62. populations。考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到
理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和 and后的复数名词 homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词
population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。
63. eventually。考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到
理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词
achieve。故填eventually。
64. as。考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。
65. that。考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的
保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设
空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
【2022全国乙卷】
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the
United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at
the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address) the opening ceremony. “As a
main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 (large) tea-producing
country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development
of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for
people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the
initiative.
68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public
promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the
world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 70
(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
61. by 62 the 63. addressed 66. largest 65. responsibility 66. shared 67. and 68. To strengthen 69. inviting 50.
its
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一
系列活动。
61. by。考查介词。句意：2019年11月47日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可
知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。
62. the。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。
特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。65. addressed。考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。
故填addressed。
64. largest。考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中
国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以
用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。
65. responsibility。考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国
有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词 a 后接可数名词的单数形式。故填
responsibility。
66. shared。考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词
future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
67. and。考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进
国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote
的宾语。故填and。
68. To strengthen。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公
共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处
表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。
69. inviting。考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣
传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑
主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。
70. its。考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真
——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【2021新课标I卷】
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. 56
is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are
at the top will remind you how tiny we 57 (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 58
(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the
59 (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us 60
(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it 61 (be) for the
people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,
still it highlights the whole adventure 62 offers a place where you can sit down to rest your 63
(ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s
memory. It sure does in 64 (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is 65 must to
visit!56. What 57. humans 58. undoubtedly 59. hotter 60. astonished 61. was 62. and 63. aching 64. mine 65. a
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。去游览黄山让作者想起了披头士流行的歌曲“蜿蜒长路”。如果到中国，
黄山应该是必游之地。
56. What。考查名词性从句。该句的“ 56 is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句，从句
中缺少主语，所以用What。
57. humans。考查名词。与主语we是同位语，所以用复数。
58. undoubtedly。考查副词。修饰动词help，用副词形式。
59. hotter。考查形容词。此处相当于“the more..., the more...”结构，意为“越……越……”。前面用的是
the colder，所以此处用the hotter。
60. astonished。考查形容词。此处说明“us”的状态，所以用astonished。
61. was。考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。
62. and。考查连词。空格后的动词offers与前面的动词highlights构成并列关系，所以用and。
63. aching。考查非谓语动词。修饰legs用现在分词aching，表示主动和进行的动作。
64. mine。考查代词。上文提到“in the visitor’s memory”，此处相当于“in my memory”，所以用mine代
替my memory。
65. a。考查冠词。a must意为“一处必须去的地方”。
【2021全国乙卷】
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from
traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in
terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and
benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely
accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness
made it desirable.
Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66
trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:
·Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations
aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.
61. educated 62. development 63. its 64. until 65. the 66. of 67. visiting 68. financial 69. activities 70. to have
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环
境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一
些规定。61.句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且
经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated
about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
62. 句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并
且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词
development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
63. 句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主
代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
64.句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪
80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。
故填until。
65.句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结
构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure
travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
66. 句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various
types of 为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。
67. 句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介
词of的宾语。故填visiting。
68. 句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词
aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
69. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range
可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填activities。
70. 句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译
为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
【2020新课标卷】
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th
centuries, 56 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept
their collection at home until it got too big 57 until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The
80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 5 8 (form) the core collection of the British
Museum 59 opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public 60 (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a
museum’s collection 61 (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can
play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 62 (they) living at a different time in history or
63 (walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and
people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical 64 (accurate) is importantbut so is entertainment. Museums must compete 65 people’s spare time and money with other
amusements. Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
56. wealthy 57. or 58. formed 59. which/that 60. are called 61. is 62. themselves 63. walking 64. accuracy 65.
for
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博物馆藏品的来源及博物馆给人们带来的好处和面临的挑战。
56. wealthy考查形容词。句意:在18和19世纪，富人旅行并收集植物、历史物品和艺术品。此处修饰名词
people，应使用形容词，做定语。故填wealthy。
57. or考查连词。句意:他们把自己的藏品留在家里，直到收藏变得太大或者自己去世，然后这些藏品被捐
给一家博物馆。根据语境可知，前后陈述的是两者可能性，应使用连词or:或者。故填or。
58. formed考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核
心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
59. which/that考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的
核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系
代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
60. are called考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观
使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填 are
called。
61. is考查主谓一致。句意:通常，博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在
时，主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，且后面的
Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。
62．themselves考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不
同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代 visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填
themselves。
63. walking考查非谓语动词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同
的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与 living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagine sb
doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。
64. accuracy考查名词。句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处做主语，位于形容词historical
之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
65. for考查介词。句意:博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争人们的业余时间和金钱。此处是固定短语:compete
for，意为: “为了……竞争”。故填for。
【2020全国II卷】
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of
spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62 (carry) special significance. They
represent the earth 63 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:Oranges: Orange trees are more 64 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They
make great gifts and you see them many times 65 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good
fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.
66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 67
health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 68 (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds
(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 70 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融
化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
61. celebration 62.carries 63.coming 64. than 65. decorated 66. Certainly 67. with 68. to care 69. beautiful 70.
The
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。
61.考查名词。句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词 a后接名词形式。故填
celebration。
62.考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，
从句主语为动名词短语 decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填
carries。
63.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，
所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填
coming。
64.考查短语。句意：桔子树不仅仅是装饰品；more than不仅仅，不只是。故填than。
65.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是很好的礼物，你会经常看到它们装饰着红包和好运的信息。句中them
指代前句中的 orange trees，与 decorate 之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填
decorated。
66.考查副词。句意：当然在假期期间，这种植物是绝对必要的事物。介词短语做时间状语，因此只有改变
成副词才能复合句子结构，用副词形式做状语。故填Certainly。
67.考查短语。句意：竹类植物与健康、富足和幸福的家庭联系在一起。be associated with与……相联系。
故填with。
68.考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。
故填to care。
69.考查形容词。句意：美丽的长枝上覆盖着粉红色的花蕾，做成漂亮的装饰。修饰名词 branches，用形容
词形式。故填beautiful。
70.考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词
the。故填the。
考点3 说明文型语法填空（科学技术）
【2025浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The price of fashion – economically and environmentally – has led to the rise of 56 new way
of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes
fewer 5 7 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular.
“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers
today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 5 8 the fact that they have
something unique to wear 5 9 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to
landfill.”
Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 6 0 (rent) rather than purchase them outright,
providing a less expensive 6 1 (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 6 2 (be)
certainly not new – men have been renting good suits for decades – but for female shoppers, it is just
taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared
economies.
Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 6 3 she plans to
package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a
longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for 6 4 (people) lives today, and I
know that doesn’t always mean 6 5 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she
says.
【答案】56. a 57. times 58. on / upon 59. and 60. to rent 61. solution 62. is 63. which
64. people’s 65. returning
【解析】服装租赁服务因经济与环保需求在澳大利亚兴起。消费者倾向 "少穿多次"，租赁模式既满足个
性化穿搭又减少浪费。Tanya Perilli 的店铺提供女性时装租赁，替代直接购买，解决特殊场合的高成本着
装问题。
56. a。考查冠词。way此处意为“方式”，为可数名词，且new以辅音音素开头，故填a，表示泛指。
57. times。考查名词。根据空白处前fewer可知，空白处应填可数名词复数形式。
58. on/ upon。考查介词。focus on / upon是固定搭配，意为“集中（注意力、精力等）于……”。
59. and。考查并列连词。句意为：如今的顾客不再在意衣物是否二手，而是关注这样的事实：他们有独特
的衣服穿，同时还不会让自己的衣柜过于拥挤，也不会为垃圾填埋场制造垃圾。结合句意及分析句子结构
可知，空白处缺少连词连接两个并列成分have和are not overstuffing，故填and。
60. to rent。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空白处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。
61. solution。考查词性转换。由空白处前a可知，空白处应填名词形式。
62. is。考查谓语动词。由but后的并列分句可知，本句描述的是现在的情况，且主语The concept为单数，
故填is。
63. which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词clothing，并
在从句中作package和offer的宾语，故填which。
64. people’s。考查名词。句意：我真的希望能让这个（服装租赁模式）顺应如今人们的生活（方式）。根
据句意可知，lives与people之间是所属关系，故应用名词所有格。65. returning。考查非谓语动词。句意：……这并不总是意味着要在某个特别的周末过后的周一就归还衣
服。根据句意可知，mean 此处意为“意味着”，mean doing sth是固定搭配，意为“意味着做某事”。
【2024全国甲卷】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61
(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage
(遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men
relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63 is now northwestern Wyoming. They
64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the
natural beauties there.
What should 65 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 66
(it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy - as
a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68 ( complete ) of their
journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone
became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 69 ( large) United
States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a
national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】61. to catch 62. treasures 63. what 64. were 65. be done 66. its 67. for 68. completion 69. largest 70.
which
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景
区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏并为此做出了许多努力。
61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规
模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾
语，故填to catch。
62.考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，
应用复数形式，故填treasures。
63.考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前
放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语
从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
64.考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里
的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完
成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。
65.考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词
do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。
66.考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国
家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。67.考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。故填for。
68.考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词
作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。
69.考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家
纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。
本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣
伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，
故填largest。
70.考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，
指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
【2024浙江1月卷】
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping
for one, buying extra 56 (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then
too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58 will make them the most
money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s 59 they’ll promote. But that
leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the 6
(criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a
few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller
packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some
supermarkets 62 (start) selling chicken or salad in packs 63 (design) with two halves
containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, 64 other stays fresh.
Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking 65 (one) may yet come out with a whole
range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
【答案】56. to benefit 57. or 58. that##which 59. what 60. criticism 61. be offered 62. have started 63.
designed 64. the 65. ones
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。
56. 考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据
“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作
目的状语。故填to benefit。
57. 考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。
either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。
58. 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
59. 考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺
少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
60. 考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。
根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。
61. 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以
小包装出售，那就更好了。动词 offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语 they代指前文中的
sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
62. 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成
两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词 start意为“开始”。故填have
started。
63. 考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两
份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，
所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。
64. 考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为
固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
65. 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并
提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。
【2022年浙江6月卷】
To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting 56
(appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not 57 (do).
John Olson, a former 58 (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models.
The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to 59 blind because we don’t see with
just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that
the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their 60
(exist) senses, in a way similar to that of 61 (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist.
Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly 62 age seven. When he felt a 3D version
of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he 63 (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you
see when you look at it,” he said.
For Luc, this means 64 (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it 65 to form
my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.”
56. be appreciated 57. to do 58. photographer 59. the 60. existing 61. sighted 62. at 63. noticed 64.
independence 65. and
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。
56.考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语
appreciate 为被动关系，且置于情态动词 can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填 beappreciated。
57.考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不
要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。
58.考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词
做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。
59.考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。
the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。
60.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的
感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。
61.考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的
感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不
盲的”。故填sighted。
62.考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词 at。故填
at。
63.考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。
根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
64.考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词 independence 作 mean 的宾语。故填
independence。
65.考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为
并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。
【2022年浙江1月卷】
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing
minority of academics 56 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to
conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 57 (view) as important for scientists to get
together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 58 (be) now questioning that idea pushing
conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 59 (change) their personal behavior to do
their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 60
(rough) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 61 (promise) to fly as little as possible since the
effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 62 she could do so
remotely; about three-quarters of 63 time, they agreed. When the answer was no, she declined the 64
(invite). That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 65 (continue) the
practice. "It has been fairly rewarding", she says, "a really positive change."
56. who/that 57. is viewed/has been viewed 58. are 59. changing 60. roughly 61. have promised 62. whether/if
63. the 64. invitation 65. to continue
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候变化危机。
56. 考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数
学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中
作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
57. 考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息
这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在
的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。
58. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参
加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此
处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。
59.考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及
为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and连
接并列的动词questioning和change，故填changing。
60. 考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学
者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。
61. 考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学
者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填
have promised。
62. 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后
面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。
63. 考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指 Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填
the。
64. 考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词 decline的宾语，
故填invitation。
65. 考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词 plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，
故填to continue。
【2021浙江1月卷】
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier 56 that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 57 gives an indication of whether someone is a
healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a 58 (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a
BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased 60 2.1 in women and men. In
cities, however, the gain 61 (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes”
in the geography of BMI. In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries 62
(study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban
and rural people in many countries had narrowed 63 (sharp) .This may be due to some disadvantages for people 64 (live) in the countryside, including 65 (low)
levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
56. and 57. that / which 58. person’s 59. is considered 60. by 61. was 62. studied 63. sharply 64. Living 65.
lower
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了在200个国家进行的一项有关33年来体重指数趋势的研究中，科
学家发现全世界的人都变得越来越重，增长的主要原因是农村地区体重指数的增加。
1.and 考查连词。科学家们发现，世界各地的人们越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区 BMI的增加。设空
处连接两个并列成分，前后均为that引导的宾语从句，故填and。
2.that/which考查定语从句。句意：BMI是国际公认的测量工具，它能显示一个人的体重是否健康。先行
词tool指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。.
3.person’s考查名词所有格。它的计算方法是用一个人的体重（公斤）除以身高（米）的平方。根据句意
可知，空后的名词weight与person之间是所属关系，故填person’s。
4.is considered考查时态、语态和主谓一致。BM在19到25之间被认为是健康的。句中第一个and连接并
列句，故设空处为谓语动词，由is calculated可知此处为一般现在时；分句主语是a BML，故用单数；a
BMI与consider是被动关系，故填is considered。
5.by考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村女性和男性的平均BM增加了2.l。increase
by“增加了多少”，故填by。
6.ws考查主谓一致和时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性的指数增加了 1.3，男性的增加了1.6。主语为
the gain，故谓语动词用单数；根据上文的increased可知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。
7.studied考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMI
值高于农村地区的男性和女性的 BMI值。本句中谓语动词是 had，故设空处是用来作后置定语修饰
countries的，两者间是被动关系，表示完成的动作，故填studied。
8.sharply考查词性转换。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。副词修饰动
词had narrowed，故填sharply
9.living考查非谓语动词。这可能是由于生活在农村的人的一些不利条件。设空处作后置定语修饰 people，
两者之间是主动关系，故填living。
10.lower考查形容词比较级。根据后面的higher、fewer可知，设空处填lower。
【2020全国I卷】
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in
the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the
moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the
moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of
particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65
the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and
study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. “This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at BrownUniversity, says, “because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon
68 (construct)”. Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
61. touched 62. extremely 63. where 64. interest 65. than 66. to find 67. means 68. is constructed 69. much 70.
its
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家，文章主要介绍了中国无
人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。
61. touched。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极
艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
62. extremely。句意：登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme
的副词形式，故填extremely。
63. where。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天
器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句
中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
64. interest。句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词 particular可知，空处应填名词，
interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。
65. than。句意：因为它比熟悉的一面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级 more so可知，此处填介词
than，表示“比……更”。故填than。
66. to find。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，
应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。
67. means。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着
我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般
现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
68. is constructed。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语 construct与主语the moon
之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填
is constructed。
69. much。句意：关于月亮构成的数据，比如它含有多少水和其他财富，可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基
地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。
70. its。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知，此处应使用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
【2020浙江6月卷】
Some time after 10,000 BC, people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 56
，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or
gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 58 hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise
more children. And，as more children were born，more food 59 (need). Agriculture gave people their
first experience of the power of technology 60 (change)lives.By about 6000 BC，people 61 (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they
learned to work with the 62 (season)，planting at the right time and, in dry areas, 6 3
(make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with 64 rise of science，changes began.
New methods 65 (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes
have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life
that started in the Stone Age.
56. in 57. what 58. than 59. was needed 60. to change 61. had discovered 62. seasons 63. making 64. the 65.
meant.
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。
56. 考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分
析可知，“they lived _____”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词
应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。
57. 考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多
地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。
根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
58. 考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与
狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more… than，意为“比……更”故填than。
59. 考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表
示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food
为不可数名词。故填was needed。
60. 考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动
词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。
61. 考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分
析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻
辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.
62. 考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪
水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。
63. 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的
洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主
语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。
64. 考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固
定短语。故填the。
65. 考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时
态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。
所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。【2020浙江1月卷】
Something significant is happening to the world population—it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an
American in 1950 56 (be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected 57 (increase) to 42 by 2050.
For Japan, the 58 (number) are more striking—22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12
people around the world were over 65; by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven 59 two factors. The first is declining birth rates, which means
old generations are large 60 (compare) to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
becomes 61 (old) than before. This is 62 (particular) true in the US. The second reason is that
people are living longer. A child born in the US today has 63 very realistic chance of living beyond
100 and needs to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 64 (place) on longevity
(长寿). It isn’t just that people are, on average, living longer. It’s also that they are on average healthier 65
more productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the
economy.
56. was 57.to increase 58.numbers 59.by 60. compared 61.older 62. particularly 63.a 64. be placed 65. and
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文字介绍了全世界范围内人口老龄化现象日益严重，并分析导致人口老
龄化的两个因素。
56. was考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合上文的主语age可知，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，同时根
据in 1950可知,此处用一般过去时。故填was。
57.to increase考查固定用法。此处考查固定用法sb./sth. is. expected to do sth. 预计某人/某物做某事。故填
to increase。
58.numbers考查名词的数。根据谓语动词are可知主语应该用复数。故填numbers。
59.by考查介词的用法。此句为被动语态,介词by的宾语是动作的执行者。故填by。
60. compared 考 查非谓语动词。结合句式结构可知,此处为非谓语动词，且主语 old generations 和
compare 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。填 compared。compared to/with 意为“....相比”。故填
compared。
61.older考查形容词的比较级。根据than before可知此处用比较级。这里意为“比以前更加年老”。故填
older。
62. particularly 考查词形转换。该词修饰形容词 true,应用副词。故填 particularly(尤其)。故填
particularly。
63.a考查冠词的用法。根据下文的chance 可知,这里表示“非常实际的一个可能性”，故填不定冠词a,表
示泛指。have a(n)... chance of意为“有....的可能性”。故填a。
64. be placed考查动词的语态。place 和主语attention之间是被动关系,又因空前的情态动词should。故填
be placed。
65. and考查连词的用法。healthier 和more productive是并列关系,故填and。
【2019全国I卷】The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While
they are rare north of 88°C, there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south
as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been
62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.
Modern methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the
mid-1980s, and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some
Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a
66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that
hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations
are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three
are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
【语篇解读】本文为科普文类说明文，介绍了北极熊的生存现状。
61. that。考查同位语从句。句意为“北极熊在北极圈以及最南端纽芬兰的一些大陆上被找到。虽然它们
很少在北纬88度出没，但是有证据显示它们横越北极圈，并且到最南端加拿大的詹姆士湾。”that 引导
同位语从句，解释说明evidence的内容。
62. poorly。考查副词。句意为“很难计算出全球北极熊的数量，因为它们大部分活动范围没有很好地被
研究。然而，生物学家计算出全球大约有20,000-25,000只北极熊。”修饰动词studied用副词poorly。
63. of/for。考查介词。句意为“现代跟踪监测北极熊数量的方法仅仅从 20世纪 80年代中期开始使
用。”methods of/for doing sth. 做某事的方法。
64. to perform。考查非谓语动词。句意为“现代跟踪监测北极熊数量的方法仅仅从20世纪80年代中期开
始使用，并且在大面积持续使用很昂贵。”系表结构之后用动词不定式做状语。
65. have reported。考查时态。句意为“最近几年，努纳武特的因纽特人报告说在人类居住区周围看到北
极熊的次数增加，”根据时间状语In recent years，可知用现在完成时。
66. belief。考查词性转换。句意为“最近几年，努纳武特的因纽特人报告说在人类居住区周围看到北极熊
的次数增加，导致人们认为北极熊的数量在增长。”believe 的名词形式是belief，that populations are
increasing 是a belief 的同位语从句。
67. noting。考查动名词。句意为“科学家回应指出饥饿的熊可能会聚集在人类居住区周围，”介词 by之
后跟动名词形式。
68. higher。考查形容词比较级。句意为“科学家回应指出饥饿的熊可能会聚集在人类居住区周围，导致
人们的错觉是熊的数量比实际数量多。”根据than可知用比较级。that populations are higher than
they actually are 是 the illusion(错觉)的同位语从句。
69. the。考查冠词。句意为“在十九个公认的北极熊亚群体中，”表示特指，用定冠词the。
70. are。考查谓语动词。句意为“在十九个公认的北极熊亚群体中，三个群体在下降，六个群体处于平稳
状态，一个群体在增长，九个群体缺少足够的数据。”根据句式结构可知此处是谓语部分，又根据主语
six，可知用复数形式are。
