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2014 年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）
1．（1分）What does the woman want to do？
A．Find a place．B．Buy a map．C．Get an address．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
2．（1分）What will the man do for the woman？
A．Repair her car．
B．Give her a ride．
C．Pick up her aunt．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
3．（1分）Who might Mr．Peterson be？
A．A new professor．
B．A department head．
C．A company director．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
4．（1分）What does the man think of the book？
A．Quite difficult．
B．Very interesting．
C．Too simple．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
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【分析】略【解答】B
【点评】略
5．（1分）What are the speakers talking about？
A．Weather．B．Clothes．C．News．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
6．（2分）听第6段材料，回答6、7题．
6．Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman？
A．He has a pain in his knee．
B．He wants to watch TV．
C．He is too lazy．
7．What will the woman probably do next？
A．Stay at home．
B．Take Harry to hospital．
C．Do some exercise．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】B C
【点评】略
7．（2分）听第7段材料，回答第8、9题．
8．When will the man be home from work？
A．At 5：45．
B．At 6：15．
C．At 6：50．
9．Where will the speakers go？
A．The Green House Cinema．
B．The New State Cinema．
C．The UME Cinema．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
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【分析】略【解答】AC
【点评】略
8．（3分）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题．
10．How will the speakers go to New York？
A．By air．
B．By taxi．
C．By bus．
11．Why are the speakers making the trip？
A．For business．
B．For shopping．
C．For hoilday．
12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A．Driver and passenger．
B．Husband and wife．
C．Fellow workers．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】AAC
【点评】略
9．（4分）（1）Where does this conversation probably take place？
A．In a restaurant．
B．In an office．
C．In a classroom．
（2）What does John do now？
A．He's a trainer．
B．He's a tour guide．
C．He's a college student．
（3）How much can a new person earn for the first year？
A．﹩10，500．
B．﹩12，000．
C．﹩15，000．
（4）How many people will the woman hire？A．Four．
B．Three．
C．Two．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】BCAC
【点评】略
10．（4分）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．
17．How long has the speaker lived in a big city？
A．One year． B．Ten years． C．Eighteen years．
18．What is the speaker's opinion on public transport？
A．It's comfortable． B．It's time﹣saving． C．It's cheap．
19．What is good about living in a small town？
A．It's safer． B．It's healthier． C．It's more convenient．
20．What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most？
A．Busy． B．Colourful． C．Quiet．
【考点】17：短文理解．
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【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1
分，满分15分）请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
11．（1 分）Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be
changed．（ ）
A．though B．as C．since D．unless
【考点】92：从属连词．
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【分析】尽管历史无法改变，但是学习过去的经验可以（更好地）面对未来，．
【解答】答案：A
though尽管；as因为；since因为；unless除非．题干表示的是转折的含义，意为"即使"，
要用表示让步关系的连词though/although．故选A．【点评】连词是用来连接复合句的，类型较多，用法灵活．平时学习时，要注意区分和
掌握．
12．（1分）The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at
work ________ a good impression is a must．（ ）
A．where B．when C．as D．which
【考点】7A：关系副词；H1：限制性定语从句．
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【分析】这本书在日常交际中极大地帮助了我，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中．
【解答】答案：A
分析句子结构可知，"especially at work ________ a good impression is a must"是定语
从句，work是先行词，"________ a good impression is a must"是从句部分；将先行词
放到从句中："a good impression is a must at work"其中"at work"作地点状语，所以要
用关系副词where．关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语；as，which 作为关系代词，
不能作状语，所以B．C．D都不正确．
故选：A．
【点评】本题考查的是定语从句中关系副词的用法．解题的突破口是对句子成分的正确
分析，例如：当从句部分有主语和宾语时，就可以排除关系代词，而选择可用作状语的
关系副词．
13．（1分）﹣How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in
Nanjing？
﹣Well，the media ________ it in a variety of forms．（ ）
A．cover B．will cover
C．have covered D．covered
【考点】E8：现在完成时．
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【分析】﹣﹣关于将在南京举办的青奥会你了解多少？
﹣﹣嗯，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道．
【解答】答案：C
根据句意"媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道．"可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调
过去的事情对现在的影响还存在．
故选：C．
【点评】考查时态时，句中如果没有明显的时间状语，就需要考生认真分析句意，从语
境、上下文中推断句子所需要的时态．14．（1分）Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push﹣ups too
to stay ________．（ ）
A．in place B．in order C．in shape D．in fashion
【考点】8B：介词短语．
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【分析】为了保持身材（有形），每天早晨Tom总去慢跑，也经常做引体向上．
【解答】答案C．
A项"有序，在适当的位置"；B项"井井有条"；D项"流行的，时尚的"；C项"身材有形；
健康的，状态良好的"；根据句意可知，Tom锻炼的目的是为了保持好身材．故选C．
【点评】本题考查介词短语辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，然后根据上下文语境
锁定合适的介词短语．平时学习中要加强介词短语的积累．
15．（1分）Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies．（ ）
A．chased B．registered
C．offered D．compensated
【考点】AE：动词的辨析．
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【分析】优秀大学毕业生受到大公司的追捧．
【解答】答案：A chase追逐，追求；register注册，登记；offer提供；compensate补偿．
句意表达的是受到大公司的欢迎和追捧，故选A．
【点评】动词短语是一个比较难的语言点，搭配较多，用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．
尤其是相似或相近的用法，要注意区分和掌握．
16．（1分）﹣What a mess!You are always so lazy!
﹣I'm not to blame，mum．I am ________ you have made me．（ ）
A．how B．what C．that D．who
【考点】58：连接代词；HD：表语从句．
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【分析】﹣﹣怎么这么乱啊！你总是这么懒．
！﹣﹣我不应该受到责备，妈妈．我今天这个样子都是你造成的．
【解答】答案：B
解答名词性从句时，如果从句中缺少主宾表语时，一般选择what．如果指人，则用
who，但考虑本题从句中_____you have made me缺少me的宾语补足语，而且句意指
的是妈妈使他成为那个样子，所以B正确．
【点评】考查此类试题，要分析从句缺少什么成分，其次要注意一些特殊的语境，比如
用what指代人，表示人的状态或职业．17．（1 分）She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful
________ in last year's election．（ ）
A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statue
【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．
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【分析】两年前她就遭软禁，但她在去年的选举中仍然是代表人物．
【解答】A
本题考查词意辨析．A．symbol符号；象征；标志； B．portrait肖像；画像；描写
C．identity一致；身份；特征 D．statue雕像；塑像．故选A．
【点评】名词辨析考查的是词意理解，平时学习时要注意积累．
18．（1 分）The idea"happiness，"________，will not sit still for easy definition．
（ ）
A．to be rigid B．to be sure
C．to be perfect D．to be fair
【考点】64：形容词词意辨析．
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【分析】"幸福"的观念，可以肯定的是，决不意味着轻而易举，一蹴而就．
【解答】答案：B
A．to be rigid 硬性的；B．to be sure 可以肯定的是； C．to be perfect十全十美地；
D．to be fair 公平地说；此处是插入语，结合前后的句意可知，to be sure 符合句意；
故选B
【点评】本题考查了形容词词意辨析．做本题的关键是在理解题意的基础上，正确辨析
各选项的意思，从而选出答案；这就需要平时应熟练掌握一些形容词及其短语的意义及
用法．
19．（1分）The lecture ________，a lively question﹣and﹣answer session followed．（
）
A．being given B．having given
C．to be given D．having been given
【考点】B1：现在分词的被动式；B2：现在分词的完成式．
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【分析】演讲完成后有一个生动的问答板块．
【解答】答案：D
题干中give是作lecture的后置定语，两者构成动宾关系，要用被动；句意表达的give
动作发生在follow之前，要用分词的完成式．故选D．【点评】现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，表达主动或进行；过去分词表达被动或完成；
动词不定式表达未发生的动作．学习时，要注意区分和掌握．
20．（1分）﹣Dad，I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job．
﹣I see．I'll go right away and ________．（ ）
A．pay him back B．pay him off
C．put him away D．put him off
【考点】A9：动词短语．
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【分析】﹣﹣﹣爸爸，我认为Oliver不是这份工作的合适人选．
﹣﹣﹣我知道，我马上去拿钱打发了他．
【解答】答案：B
A．pay him back 报复他，偿还他的钱；B．pay him off 拿钱打发了他，为他做出补
偿；C．put him away 把他送进监狱，把他关起来；D．put him off 使他分心；根据
语境Oliver不是这份工作的合适人选可知，此处的意思应是给他结清工资并解聘他；故
选B
【点评】本题考查的是动词短语的用法．做本题时，需要明确各选项中动词短语的意思，
然后在理解句意的基础上，找出正确答案；因此在平时的学习中，应注意积累一定的词
汇及动词短语，并且要牢记它们的意义．
21．（1分）It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，________ bring me food．
（ ）
A．might B．would C．should D．could
【考点】A6：情态动词．
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【分析】让我感到难过的是，他们自己那么穷，竟然还给我带吃的．
【解答】答案：C
分析句意可知，此处表达的意思应是：他们自己那么穷，竟然还给我带吃的；A．可能，
可以；B．愿意，会；C．表示惊讶：竟然；D．能，可能；
故选：C．
【点评】本题考查了情态动词should（表示惊讶，意为：竟然，居然会）的用法．作此
类题时，需要熟练掌握各情态动词所具有的意义及用法．
22．（1分）I can't meet you on Sunday．I'll be ________ occupied．（ ）
A．also B．just
C．nevertheless D．otherwise【考点】7B：副词辨析．
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【分析】周日我不能和你见面，否则我将没空了．
【解答】答案：D
A．also 同样，也； B．just仅仅，只是； C．nevertheless 然而，尽管如此；D．
otherwise否则，另外； 句中occupied意为：无空闲的；分析句意可知，此处表达的是
转折的意思，故选D
【点评】本题考查了副词词义辨析．做本题时，应首先理解句意，弄清句子之间的意义
关系；其次应熟练掌握各副词的意义及用法．
23．（1分）Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the
soul of Qu Yuan．（ ）
A．remember B．remind C．recover D．recall
【考点】AE：动词的辨析．
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【分析】关于龙舟节的起源，传说是为了纪念屈原的亡灵．
【解答】答案：D remember记住；remind提醒；recover康复；recall回忆，想起．句意
表达的是为了让人们想起，故选D．
【点评】动词短语是一个比较难的语言点，搭配较多，用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．
尤其是相似或相近的用法，要注意区分和掌握．
24．（1分）Good families are much to all their members，but ________ to none．（
）
A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
【考点】54：不定代词．
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【分析】句意为：好的家庭对它所有的成员来说都非常重要，但不是任何人的全部．
【解答】答案：C
everything意为"一切，全部"，符合语境．something某事； anything任何事； nothing
什么都没有，这三个选项不符句意．句中的none是指代人（家庭成员），是否定词，
也就是"没有家庭成员"，意思是好的家庭不是家庭成员的全部． 故本题选择C．
【点评】考查不定代词，要了解不同的不定代词在语境中的含义．
25．（1分）﹣________!Somebody has left the lab door open．
﹣Don't look at me．（ ）
A．Dear me B．Hi，there
C．Thank goodness D．Come on【考点】JI：语言交际．
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【分析】﹣﹣哎呀！有人离开实验室门还开着．
﹣﹣不要看着我（不是我干的）．
【解答】答案A．
B项"嗨"；C项"谢天谢地"；D项"加油"；A项"哎呀（表示惊讶）"；根据上下文的语境
可知，前者对于实验室的门还开着很惊讶．因此A项符合语境，故选A．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑
关系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键
平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．
第二节：完形填空（共1小题；每小题20分，满分20分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各
题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
26．（20分）Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international
fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need．
It was a need that he first （36） D back in 1906when young Dale was a junior
at State Teachers College in Warrensburg．To get an （37） B ，he was struggling
against many difficulties．His family was poor．His Dad couldn't afford the（38） B
at college，so Dale had to ride horseback 12miles to attend classes．Study had to be
done （39） A his farm﹣work routines．He withdrew from many school activities
（40） C he didn't have the time or the （41） D ．He had only one good
suit．He tried（42） B the football team，but the coach turned him down for
being too （43） A ．During this period Dale was slowly（44） C an
inferiority complex （自卑感），which his mother knew could （45） A him from
achieving his real potential．She（46） A that Dale join the debating team，
believing that （47） B in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition
that he needed．
Dale took his mother's advice，tried desperately and after several attempts（48） C
made it．This proved to be a（49） D point in his life．Speaking before groups
did help him gain the（50） D he needed．By the time Dale was a senior，he
had won every top honor in（51） C ．Now other students we re coming to him
for coaching and they，（52） C ，were winning contests．Out of this early struggle to （53） B his feelings of inferiority，Dale came to
understand that the ability to （54） A an idea to an audience builds a person's
confidence．And，（55） D it，Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do
﹣and so could others．
36．A．admitted B．filled C．supplied D．recognized
37．A．assignment B．education C．advantage D．instruction
38．A．training B．board C．teaching D．equipment
39．A．between B．during C．over D．through
40．A．while B．when C．because D．though
41．A．permits B．interest C．talent D．clothes
42．A．on B．for C．in D．with
43．A．light B．flexible C．optimistic D．outgoing
44．A．gaining B．achieving C．developing D．obtaining
45．A．prevent B．protect C．save D．free
46．A．suggested B．demanded C．required D．insisted
47．A．presence B．practice C．patience D．potential
48．A．hopefully B．certainly C．finally D．naturally
49．A．key B．breaking C．basic D．turning
50．A．progress B．experience C．competence D．confidence
51．A．horse﹣riding B．football C．speech D．farming
52．A．in return B．in brief C．in turn D．in fact
53．A．convey B．overcome C．understand D．build
54．A．express B．stress C．contribute D．repeat
55．A．besides B．beyond C．like D．with
【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．主要讲述了Dale Carnegie （戴尔•卡耐基）从不为人所知，
到享有国际声誉的成功故事．他年轻时因为家里穷不得不每天往返12英里求学．后来
他听从母亲的建议，学习演讲，从而获得自信，最终成为成功的演说家．文章旨在告诉
我们自信心的重要性，有了自信，我们就可以做到我们想做的任何事情．
【解答】36．D 考查动词辨析．根据第二段最后一句"…recognition that he needed"和第一段中的"…he found…a universal human need．"可知，戴尔意识到了自己的所需．
recognize"识别，意识到"，符合语境．故选D．
37．B 考查名词辨析．根据上句中的"when young Dale was a junior at State
Teachers College in Warrensburg"可知，为了获得教育，他经历了很多困难．故选B．
38．B 考查名词辨析．根据第二段第二、四句"…against many difficulties．His family
waspoor…had to ride horseback 12 miles to attendclasses．"可知，他不得不骑着马上
学，并且家里很穷，故可以判断，他的父亲无法为他支付膳宿费．board意为"膳宿，董
事会，甲板"，符合语境．故选B．
39．A 考查介词辨析．根据后文"his farm﹣work routines"及"withdrew from many
school activities"和"he didn't have the time"可知，他做农活和没时间参加许多学校活动，
他应该是在农活间隙中学习．between意为"在…之间"，符合语境．故选A．
40．C 考查连词辨析．根据第二段第三行中的"He withdrew from many school
activities…"，可知，学校的许多活动他没有参加，应该是说明不参加的原因．所以用
because引导原因状语从句．故选C．
41．D 考查名词辨析．根据后面一句"He had only one goodsuit．"可知，他没有好衣
服．clothes意为"衣服"，符合语境．故选D．
42．B 考查介词辨析．他想争取参加足球队，但是被教练拒绝．"try for"为固定搭配，
意为"争取，谋求"，符合语境．try on 试穿； try in 把…放进去；try with 用…尝试．
故选B．
43．A 考查形容词辨析．根据第二段第二行中的"His family was poor"，可知，他因
为贫穷，生活艰苦，长得比较瘦弱．故选A项．
44．C 考查动词辨析．根据语境可知，在那一段时期，因为太瘦弱，足球教练拒绝了
他，并且不怎么参加学校活动，Dale 慢慢地形成了自卑感．develop意为"养成，形成"，
符合语境．故选C．
45．A 考查动词辨析．根据句意可知，他的妈妈知道，这种自卑感将阻止他发挥他真
正的潜能．"prevent sb fromdoing sth"为固定搭配，意为"阻止某人做某事"，故选A．
46．A 考查动词辨析．根据第三段中的第一句"Dale took hismother's advice…"及语境
可知，他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为辩论队里的演讲的练习会给与他所需要的认可
和信心．"suggest"表示"建议"时后接从句，从句为虚拟语气，用"should+动词原形"，故
选A项．47．B 考查名词辨析．根据下文的语境可知，戴尔获得荣誉，一定是自己反复练习的
缘故．"practice 训练，实践"，符合语境．故选B．
48．C 考查副词辨析．根据"tried desperately and after several attempts"及后文"he had
won every top honor"可知，他不顾一切地反复尝试，他最后终于成功了．finally意
为"最后，终于"，符合语境．故选C．
49．D 考查名词辨析．根据第二段的内容"Dale形成自卑"以及第三段中"made it 他成
功了"可知，这是他人生的"转折点"．"turning"意为"转折"，符合语境．故选D．
50．D 考查名词辨析．根据"speaking could give him the confidence and recognition
that he needed" 可 知 ， 在 众 人 面 前 演 讲 确 实 能 帮 助 他 获 得 他 所 需 要 的 自
信．"confidence"意为"自信"，符合语境．故选D．
51．C 考查名词辨析．根据第三段中的"Speaking before groups…"可知，他在演讲中
获奖了．speech意为"演讲"，符合语境．故选C．
52．C 考查介词短语辨析．根据语境可知，现在，其他学生过来找他培训，他们也一
个一个地赢得比赛．"inturn"意为"依次，轮流"，符合语境．"in return"作为报答；"in
brief"简明地；"in fact"事实上．故选C．
53．B 考查动词辨析．根据第二、三段内容可知，戴尔通过参加演讲克服了自己的自
卑感，找到了自信．"overcome"意为"克服"，符合语境．故选B．
54．A 考查动词辨析．根据第三段中戴尔参加演讲比赛的叙述可知，戴尔逐渐认识到
他有能力在听众面前表达思想．express意为"表达"，符合语境．故选A．
55．D 考查介词辨析．根据语境可知，带着这种自信，Dale知道他能够做他想要做的
任何事，别人也是如此．with意为"带着"，符合句意．故选D项．
【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体
印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．
如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记
号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确
保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．
第三部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题4分，满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各
题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
27 ． （ 4 分 ）56．Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs A ？
A．It helped display their money status．
B．It was created by famous architects．
C．It was named after a famous institute．
D．It represented the 19th century urban culture．
57．What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts C ？
A．Its designs are anti﹣conventional．
B．Its designs come from famous structures．C．Its customers can enjoy their own composition．
D．Its customers can choose from various new styles．
【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一则广告．文章主要介绍了SieMatic Beaux﹣Arts系列厨房的设计风格、
设计的由来以及它吸引顾客的独特之处：顾客可以按自己的喜好进行装饰布置，也可加
入自己的创新，从而可以分享到自己的成果．
【解答】56．A 细节理解题．根据第二段第一句"Back then，a Generation of successful
American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal
wealth"可知，一代成功的美国企业家梦想着一种新的建筑风格能够表达他们个人财富，
也就是说能够显示他们有钱，展示他们的金钱地位．故选A．
57．C 推理判断题．根据第三段最后一句"you too can break the conventional rules of
style and create something new：your own personal composition of your kitchen．For
that，SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities：A broad range of seemingly
conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own．"可知，你
也可以打破传统的风格规则，创造一些新的东西，按自己的喜好进行装饰布置，所以
SieMatic BeauxArts让顾客有机会显示自己的构思，从而可以分享到自己的成果．故选
C．
【点评】本文是政治经济类阅读，主要考查学生对细节的理解能力，做题时一定要找到
文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．
28．（6分）However wealthy we may be，we can never find enough hours in the day
to do everything we want．Economics deals with this problem through the concept of
opportunity cost，which simply refers to whether someone's time or money could be
better spent on something else．
Every hour of our time has a value．For every hour we work at one job we could
quite easily be doing another，or be sleeping or watching a film．Each of these
options has a different opportunity cost﹣ namely ， what they cost us in missed
opportunities．
Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take
you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium．Why not，you might reason，
watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner withfriends？This﹣the alternative use of your cash and time﹣is the opportunity cost．
For economists，every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo﹣in
terms of money and enjoyment﹣in order to take it up．By knowing precisely what
you are receiving and what you are missing out on，you ought to be able to make
better﹣informed，more reasonable decisions．Consider that most famous economic rule
of all：there's no such thing as a free lunch．Even if someone offers to take you out
to lunch for free，the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something
in terms of forgone opportunities．
Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging ： imagine
spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere
doing something more profitable or enjoyable．Yet，in a sense it's human nature to do
precisely that﹣we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time．
In the business world，a popular phrase is"value for money．"People want their cash
to go as far as possible．However，another is fast obtaining an advantage："value for
time．"The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote
to something，so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time．
By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent
doing other activities，such as sleeping and eating．In return，however，this passage
will help you to think like an economist，closely considering the opportunity cost of
each of your decisions．
58．According to the passage，the concept of"opportunity cost"is applied to D ．
A．making more money
B．taking more opportunities
C．reducing missed opportunities
D．weighing the choice of opportunities
59．The"leftover…time"in Paragraph 3probably refers to the time C ．
A．spared for watching the match at home
B．taken to have dinner with friends
C．spent on the way to and from the match
D．saved from not going to watch the match60．What are forgone opportunities B ？
A．Opportunities you forget in decision﹣making．
B．Opportunities you give up for better ones．
C．Opportunities you miss accidentally．
D．Opportunities you make up for．
【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一篇议论文．文章主要介绍了如何更好地支配自己的时间和金钱，以及
如何在作决定时考虑花费的机会成本．因为无论我们多么富有，我们也不可能在一天里
找到足够的时间做我们想要做的一切．因此，我们要放弃一些事情选择做更好的事情．
【解答】58．D 推理判断题．根据第一段的"Economics deals with this problem
through the concept of opportunity cost，which simply refers to whether someone's
time or money could be better spent on something else"．和第三段的"This﹣the
alternative use of your cash and time﹣is the opportunity cost"可知，opportunity cost
（机会成本）是指人们考虑自己的时间和金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上，
也就是在衡量自己的选择是否合理．所以这个概念应用于衡量机会的选择方面，故选
D．
59．C 词义推测题．根据第三段的"Say…but the tickets are expensive and it will take
you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium…use the leftover money and
time to have dinner with friends？"可知，人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵
了．所以就把本来准备看球赛的金钱和时间用在了别的地方，所以leftover …time所指
的是"花在观看比赛（路上）来去的时间"．故选C．
60．B 推理判断题．根据第四段的"Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch
for free，the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms
of forgone opportunities．"可知，即使有人带你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你
吃饭的时间还是会让你失去某些东西．所以推测出forgone opportunities是指"所放弃的
可以做更有价值事情的更好的机会"．故B正确．
【点评】本文是政治经济类阅读，考查学生对细节的理解把握和推理判断能力，做题时
一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要
以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
29．（8分）Most damagingly，anger weakens a person's ability to think clearly and keepcontrol over his behaviour ． The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the
emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger．
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way； what angers one person may amuse
another．The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on
biological and cultural forces．In contemporary culture，physical expressions of anger
are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated．We no longer regard
duels （决斗） as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person's
awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another．
Anger can be identified in the brain，where the electrical activity changes．Under most
conditions EEG （脑电图） measures of electrical activity show balanced activity
between the right and left prefrontal （ 额 叶 前 部 ） areas ． Behaviourally this
corresponds to the general even﹣handed disposition （意向） that most of us possess
most of the time．But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal
areas aren't balanced and，as a result of this，we're likely to react．And our
behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions，
whether positive or negative．
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour：we move closer to
people we like．Most negative emotions，in contrast，are associated with avoidance
behaviour：we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us
anxious．But anger is an exception to this pattern．The angrier we are，the more
likely we are to move towards the object of our anger．This corresponds to what
psychologists refer to as of ensive anger：the angry person moves closer in order to
influence and control the person or situation causing his anger．This approach﹣and﹣
confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry （不对称） of
EEG activity．Interestingly，this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience
empathy （同感） towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response．In
defensive anger，in contrast，the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the
angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger﹣inspiring situation．
61．The"duels"example in Paragraph 2proves that the expression of anger C ．A．usually has a biological basis
B．varies among people
C．is socially and culturally shaped
D．influences one's thinking and evaluation
62．What changes can be found in an angry brain B ？
A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted．
B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas．
C．Electrical activity corresponds to one's behaviour．
D．Electrical activity agrees with one's disposition．
63．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger A ？
A．Approaching the source of anger．
B．Trying to control what is disliked．
C．Moving away from what is disliked．
D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger．
64．What is the key message of the last paragraph D ？
A．How anger differs from other emotions．
B．How anger relates to other emotions．
C．Behavioural responses to anger．
D．Behavioural patterns of anger．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些与愤怒有关的表现以及医学原理和人们生
气的时候表现出的行为模式．
【解答】61．C 推理判断题．根据文章第二段"In contemporary culture，physical
expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated．"在
当代社会里，愤怒的肢体表现被认为是对社会有伤害而不能被容忍．但是在古代却又着
决斗这样的行为，说明愤怒的表现形式是由不同的社会和文化形成的．故C正确．
62．B 细节理解题．根据第三段3，4行"But when we are angry the EEG of the
right and left prefrontal areas aren't balanced"可知，当我们生气的时候，脑电图在额叶
前部会出现不平衡的现象．故B正确．
63．A 细节理解题．根据文章第四段3，4，5行"The angrier we are．the more
likely we are to move towards the object of our anger．This corresponds to whatpsychologists refer to as offensive anger：the angry person moves closer in order to
influence and control the person or situation causing his anger．"可知，当我们生气的
时候，我们很可能靠近让我们生气的对象．这是典型的offensive anger的表现．故A正
确．
64．D 段落大意题．根据本段1，2行"Most positive emotions are associated with
approach behaviour" 及 "Most negative emotions ， in contrast ， are associated with
avoidance behaviour中的approach behaviour和avoidance behaviour"可知，本段讲述的
是愤怒的时候，人们表现出的行为模式．故D正确．
【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体
印象，同时初选出一批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．
如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记
号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度出发，仔细审核答案，确
保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．
30 ． （ 12 分 ）65．Why is June 6，1990a special day for Mommy D ？
A．Her dream of being a mother came true．
B．She found her origin from her Chinese mother．
C．She wrote the letter to her daughter．
D．Her female line was well linked．
66．How does Mommy feel about her being given away B ？
A．It is bitter and disappointing．
B．It is painful but understandable．C．She feels sorry but sympathetic．
D．She feels hurt and angry．
67．What does"I stood out like a sore thumb"in Paragraph 5mean D ？
A．I walked clumsily out of pains．
B．I was not easy to love due to jealousy．
C．I was impatient out of fear．
D．I looked different from others．
68．What can be inferred from Mommy's Anglo family life A ？
A．She used to experience an identity crisis．
B．She fought against her American identity．
C．She forgot the pains of her early years．
D．She kept her love for Asia from childhood．
69．Why did Mommy name her daughter"Shao﹣ming C ？"
A．To match her own birth﹣name．
B．To brighten the lives of the family．
C．To identify her with Chinese origin．
D．To justify her pride in Chinese culture．
70．By"Your past is more complete than mine，"Mommy means B ．
A．her past was completed earlier than Shao﹣ming's
B．Shao﹣ming has got motherly care and a sense of roots
C．her mother didn't comfort her the way she did Shao﹣ming
D．her past was spent brokenly，first in Asia，then in the US．
【考点】O2：故事类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一位从小就被母亲送走的母亲写给女儿的一封情真意切的信，信里充满
了对女儿的爱以及对自己之前的生活的回想，对自己的母亲的怀念之情．
【解答】65．D 细节题．根据第一段中"You are more than just a second child，more
than just a girl to match our boy．You，little daughter，are the link to our female
line"可知这一天她的女儿出生了．更重要的是家族里的女性传承得以延续．故选D．
66．B 推理题．根据第二段最后 3行Worn down by the demands of the new baby
and perhaps the constant threat of starvation，she made the painful decision to give
away her girl so that both of us might have a chance for a better life．可知她的母亲把她送走也是万般无奈，要不然两个人没有好的生活．所以她对母亲的选择是可以接受
和理解的，但是同时被母亲送走的确是一件很痛苦的事情．故选B．
67．D 推理题．根据段"In a family of blue﹣eyed blonds，though，I stood out like a
sore thumb"．家里都是蓝眼睛的白种人，而我是一个黄皮肤黑头发的中国人．Though
后面这句话说明我和他们是不一样的．故选D．
68．A 推理题．根据第四段中的"Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who
looked so different，my older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing
skin，or made fun of my clumsy walk．"可知在这个家庭里不知道是处于嫉妒还是恐
惧我的哥哥们有时会嘲笑我．再根据"My mother and I conflicted countless times over
the years，but gradually came to see one another as real human beings with faults and
talents，and as women of strength in our own right"可知我和妈妈经常发生冲突．这些
事情让我感觉自己的生活没有安全感，总是很惶恐，缺乏安全感．进而产生了身份危机．
故选A．
69．C 推理题．根据文章倒数第二段 That，plus a little knowledge of classroom
Cantonese，is all the Chinese culture I have to offer you．Not white，certainly，but
not really Asian，I try to pave the way between the two worlds and bridge the gap
for you ． Your name ， "Shao﹣ ming ， "is very much like mine
﹣"Shao"means"little．"And"ming"is"bright"可知母亲想给女儿添加一些中国文化的元素，
所以女儿的名字为Shao ming，让女儿知道自己的祖先有中国血统．故选C．
70．B 推理题．根据下一句"and each day I cradle you in your babyhood，generously
giving you the loving care I lacked for my first two years．"得知母亲一直在照顾着女
儿，这和母亲自己的经历是不同的．母亲很小就被送走了，没有享受到母爱．所以该句
是指B项含义．故选B．
【点评】文章是社会生活类阅读，要求学生仔细阅读文章，理解文章大意，找到相关信
息回答问题，以及推断答案．
第四部分：任务型阅读（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）请阅读下面短文，并根据
所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：请将答案写在答题卡上
相应题号的横线上．每个空格只填一个单词．
31．（10分）The expression，"everybody's doing it，"is very much at the center of the
concept of peer pressure．It is a strong influence of a group，especially of children，on members of that group to behave as everybody else does．It can be positive or
negative．Most people experience it in some way during their lives．
People are social creatures by nature，and so it is hardly surprising that part of their
self﹣respect comes from the approval of others．This instinct （天性） is why the
approval of peers，or the fear of disapproval，is such a powerful force in many
people's lives．It is the same instinct that drives people to dress one way at home and
another way at work，or to answer"fine"when a stranger asks"how are you？"even if it
is not necessarily true．There is a practical aspect to this：it helps society to function
efficiently，and encourages a general level of self﹣discipline that simplifies day﹣to﹣
day interaction．
For certain individuals，seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like
an addiction； in order to satisfy the desire，they may go so far as to abandon their
sense of right and wrong．Teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs，or
join gangs that encourage criminal behavior ． Mature adults may sometimes feel
pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work，or end up in
debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they
can't afford in an effort to"keep up with the Joneses．"
However，peer pressure is not always negative．A student whose friends are good at
academics may be urged to study harder and get good grades．Players on a sports
team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win．This type of
influence can also get a friend off drugs，or to help an adult take up a good habit or
drop a bad one．Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer groups
that encourage people to better themselves．
Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure．They teach kids
to stand up and be themselves，and encourage them to politely decline to do things
that they believe are wrong．Similarly，it can be helpful to encourage children to greet
the beneficial influence of positive peer groups．71． feeling 72． influence s 73． practica l 74． unconsciously 75．
individuals 76． mora l 77． spiri t 78． habit s 79． independen t 80．
no ．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；PB：阅读填空．
菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文讲述了"同伴压力"（peer pressure）．
人作为社会人，总要受到他人的评价和认同，他人的评价和认同对人的行为造成很大的
影响．这也可以解释﹣﹣为什么有些人在家里的表现和在外面的表现不一样？在家里可
以穿拖鞋很随意，在外面却要西装革履待人接物均符合社会准则．
他人的评价和社会认同影响着人的日常生活，包括因为看到有些人买了车有些人买了房
而产生的"攀比心理"．家长也普遍存在"攀比心理"，把自己的孩子和别人的孩子比较，
对自己的孩子施加压力．同伴的压力会让人失去个体的判断力，丧失道德准则，不辨是非，甚至违法犯罪．
作者建议正确认识"同伴压力"﹣﹣在学校，学校应该让学生认识到不恰当的同伴竞争的
危害，保持独立，做自己，坚持自己的见解，鼓励积极的竞争关系，调整攀比心理．
【解答】71．feeling 推理题．根据文章第一段2，3行it is a strong influence
of a group，especially of children，on members of that group to behave as everybody
else does．peer pressure（同龄人压力）是指同龄人的行为会影响到同一群里另外的年
轻人会有相似的行为．也就是说peer pressure会让我们有一种强烈的感觉要做和同伴一
样的事情，所以feeling正确．
72．influences 推理题．根据第一段2，3行it is a strong influence of a group，
especially of children，on members of that group to behave as everybody else does．it
can be positive or negative．可知peer pressure对每个人都会有一些，这种影响可能是
积极的，也可能是消极的．本句中的influences与前面的works是并列结构．
73．practical 归纳总结题．根据文章第二段第五行there is a practical aspect to
this可知peer pressure会产生很多现实的影响，这些影响都是实际存在的．
74．unconsciously 推理题．根据文章第三段3，4，5行teens and young adults may
feel forced to use drugs，or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior．mature adults
may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they
work 可知不管是年轻人还是成年人都在不知不觉中收到同伴的影响．故使用
unconsciously表示无意识地．
75．individuals 原词再现．根据第三段第一行for certain individuals可知同伴的压力
对个体会产生很大的影响．
76．moral 推理题．根据文章第三段 2，3，4 行 in order to satisfy the
desire，they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong．teens and
young adults may feel forced to use drugs，or join gangs that encourage criminal
behavior．可知同伴的压力会让人丧失道德准则，不辨是非，甚至违法犯罪．本句中的
moral指道德的．
77．spirit 推理题．根据第四段 2，3 行 players on a sports team may feel
driven to play harder in order to help the team win．可知同伴的压力也有积极的影响，
为了帮助自己锁在的队伍获胜，他们会养成团队合作精神．故使用名词spirit．
78．habits 原词再现．根据第四段 3，4行this type of influence can also geta friend off drugs，or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one．可知
peer pressure可以帮助人们养成好的习惯并摈弃一些不好的习惯．
79．independent 推理题．根据文章最后一段 they teach kids to stand up and be
themselves 可知要教会孩子独立，并做真正的自己．
80．no 推理题．根据最后一段encourage them to politely decline to do
things that they believe are wrong．可知要鼓励孩子拒绝去做一些他们认为错误的事情．
句中的decline拒绝转换成say no to．
【点评】议论文类的阅读需要明确文章的中心思想和写作意图，在中心思想和写作意图
的指导下，寻找依据．此类文章考查了学生的逻辑推理能力．
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分）
32．（25分）请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章．
When we read newspapers ， we often come across such English words
as"AIDS"and"PK ． "When we watch TV ， we frequently hear words
like"NBA"or"PM2.5．"When we speak，we automatically use words like"OUT"or"Bye﹣
bye．"English words and expressions like these are getting popular．They have already
become part of our daily language．And 239English words have been included in the
latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese．
The inclusion has started a heated discussion．A group of scholars signed a letter of
complaint over the inclusion of these English words，which，they think，goes against
Chinese language policies ． They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an
increasing number of English words but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt
the dignity of the Chinese language．However，others are in favor of the inclusion
because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language．They believe
the selection is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life．
[写作内容]
1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2．用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：
（1）支持或反对汉语词典收录英语词汇；
（2）用2﹣3个理由或论据支撑你的观点．
[写作要求]
1．可以支持文中任一观点，但必须提供理由或论据；2．阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句；
3．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
4．不必写标题．
[评分标准]
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当．
【考点】R5：读写任务作文；S3：议论文．
菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是读写任务型写作，这类作文可按照三段式模板写：第一段：概况所给短
文要点．第二段：过渡词引出主题句﹣﹣﹣阐述理由．第三段：个人观点．特别要注意
第一段的概括．用自己的语言概括，不能照搬照抄原文． 时态用一般现在时．人称用
第一和第三人称． 重要短语：find one's way（渗入到…），in favor of（支持…），
on the rise （上升），on some occasions（在一些场合），instead of（代替），borrow
sth from… （ 从 … 借 … ） ， stop doing sth （ 停 止 做 某 事 ） ， facilitate daily
communication（促进日常交流），sooner or later （迟早），Chinese tones（声调）．
take…for granted （把…当成理所当然）．
【高分句型一】
1．it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts．
此处是由"it"引导的主语从句，"it"作形式主语，结构为"It+be+形容词+for sb to do
sth"．
【高分句型二】
In English，there are many words borrowed from Latin，French，or even Chinese．
此处是由过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词"words"，可以理解为定语从句"which/that
are borrowed from Latin"．
【高分句型三】
2． it's safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates
daily① communication． ②
此处是由"it"引导的主语从句，"it"作形式主语，结构为"It+be+形容词+for sb to do
①sth"．
此处是由关系代词"which"引导的定语从句，先行词为"English"，"which"在从句中作
②主语．
【解答】支持：
Today，more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language．Eventhe Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese includes 239 English words．Some people
support it while others do not．（概括）
Generally，I am in favor of the inclusion．As the number of English learners is on
the rise，it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts．
【高分句型一】Besides，it is，on some occasions，more convenient to use English
words．Most people nowadays use"IT"instead of its translation"xinxi jishu"．In our
global village，we can see that it's not uncommon for one language to borrow words
from other languages．In English，there are many words borrowed from Latin，
French，or even Chinese．【高分句型二】In fact，Chinese has never stopped taking
words from other languages，say，"ganbu"or"minzhu"from Japanese．（支持汉语词典收
录英语词汇原因）
So，it's safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily
communication．【高分句型三】（个人观点）
反对：
With English words getting popular in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary
has included 239 of them ， leaving the public divided into two opposing
groups："For"and"Against．"I tend to take the"Against"side for two reasons．Firstly，
this inclusion has actually polluted our mother tongue．Sooner or later，many English
accents will rise and fall with the four Chinese tones．And，rules don't tell us how to
pronounce such English﹣turned Chinese words as"wifi"and"Out"in a Chinese way!
Secondly，such an inclusion may give rise to prejudices of the educated against those
with little knowledge of English．Just for one illustration，while college students
take"Bye﹣bye"for granted when parting from each other，it may unconsciously hurt
the feelings of someone who is used to"zaijian．"In short，not only has the inclusion
poisoned Chinese，it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people．
【点评】读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要
依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论
文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键
词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显
得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．
