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【考点】15：短对话理解．
2014 年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版 菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
参考答案与试题解析 【解答】B
第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）
【点评】略
1．（1分）What does the woman want to do？ 5．（1分）What are the speakers talking about？
A．Find a place．B．Buy a map．C．Get an address． A．Weather．B．Clothes．C．News．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
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【分析】略
【分析】略
【解答】A
【解答】A
【点评】略
【点评】略
2．（1分）What will the man do for the woman？ 6．（2分）听第6段材料，回答6、7题．
A．Repair her car． 6．Why is Harry unwilling to join the woman？
B．Give her a ride． A．He has a pain in his knee．
C．Pick up her aunt． B．He wants to watch TV．
【考点】15：短对话理解．
C．He is too lazy．
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【分析】略
7．What will the woman probably do next？
【解答】B
A．Stay at home．
【点评】略
B．Take Harry to hospital．
3．（1分）Who might Mr．Peterson be？
C．Do some exercise．
A．A new professor．
【考点】16：长对话理解．
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B．A department head．
【分析】略
C．A company director．
【解答】B C
【考点】15：短对话理解．
【点评】略
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【分析】略
7．（2分）听第7段材料，回答第8、9题．
【解答】C
8．When will the man be home from work？
【点评】略
A．At 5：45．
4．（1分）What does the man think of the book？
B．At 6：15．
A．Quite difficult．
C．At 6：50．
B．Very interesting．
9．Where will the speakers go？
C．Too simple．
A．The Green House Cinema．B．The New State Cinema． C．He's a college student．
C．The UME Cinema． （3）How much can a new person earn for the first year？
【考点】16：长对话理解． A．﹩10，500．
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【分析】略 B．﹩12，000．
【解答】AC C．﹩15，000．
【点评】略 （4）How many people will the woman hire？
8．（3分）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题． A．Four．
10．How will the speakers go to New York？ B．Three．
A．By air． C．Two．
B．By taxi． 【考点】16：长对话理解．
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C．By bus． 【分析】略
11．Why are the speakers making the trip？ 【解答】BCAC
A．For business． 【点评】略
B．For shopping． 10．（4分）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．
C．For hoilday． 17．How long has the speaker lived in a big city？
12．What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A．One year． B．Ten years． C．Eighteen years．
A．Driver and passenger． 18．What is the speaker's opinion on public transport？
B．Husband and wife． A．It's comfortable． B．It's time﹣saving． C．It's cheap．
C．Fellow workers． 19．What is good about living in a small town？
【考点】16：长对话理解． A．It's safer． B．It's healthier． C．It's more convenient．
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【分析】略 20．What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most？
【解答】AAC A．Busy． B．Colourful． C．Quiet．
【点评】略 【考点】17：短文理解．
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9．（4分）（1）Where does this conversation probably take place？ 【分析】略
A．In a restaurant． 【解答】略
B．In an office． 【点评】略
C．In a classroom． 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请
（2）What does John do now？ 阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
A．He's a trainer． 11．（1分）Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed．（ ）
B．He's a tour guide． A．though B．as C．since D．unless【考点】92：从属连词． 故选：C．
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【分析】尽管历史无法改变，但是学习过去的经验可以（更好地）面对未来，． 【点评】考查时态时，句中如果没有明显的时间状语，就需要考生认真分析句意，从语境、上下文中推断句
【解答】答案：A 子所需要的时态．
though尽管；as因为；since因为；unless除非．题干表示的是转折的含义，意为"即使"，要用表示让步关系 14．（1分）Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push﹣ups too to stay ________．
的连词though/although．故选A． （ ）
【点评】连词是用来连接复合句的，类型较多，用法灵活．平时学习时，要注意区分和掌握． A．in place B．in order C．in shape D．in fashion
12．（1 分）The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work ________ a 【考点】8B：介词短语．
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good impression is a must．（ ） 【分析】为了保持身材（有形），每天早晨Tom总去慢跑，也经常做引体向上．
A．where B．when C．as D．which 【解答】答案C．
【考点】7A：关系副词；H1：限制性定语从句． A项"有序，在适当的位置"；B项"井井有条"；D项"流行的，时尚的"；C项"身材有形；健康的，状态良好
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【分析】这本书在日常交际中极大地帮助了我，尤其是在第一印象至关重要的工作中． 的"；根据句意可知，Tom锻炼的目的是为了保持好身材．故选C．
【解答】答案：A 【点评】本题考查介词短语辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，然后根据上下文语境锁定合适的介词短语．
分析句子结构可知，"especially at work ________ a good impression is a must"是定语从句，work是先行 平时学习中要加强介词短语的积累．
词，"________ a good impression is a must"是从句部分；将先行词放到从句中："a good impression is a 15．（1分）Top graduates from universities are ________ by major companies．（ ）
must at work"其中"at work"作地点状语，所以要用关系副词where．关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状 A．chased B．registered
语；as，which 作为关系代词，不能作状语，所以B．C．D都不正确． C．offered D．compensated
故选：A． 【考点】AE：动词的辨析．
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【点评】本题考查的是定语从句中关系副词的用法．解题的突破口是对句子成分的正确分析，例如：当从句 【分析】优秀大学毕业生受到大公司的追捧．
部分有主语和宾语时，就可以排除关系代词，而选择可用作状语的关系副词．
【解答】答案：A chase追逐，追求；register注册，登记；offer提供；compensate补偿．句意表达的是受到
13．（1分）﹣How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing？ 大公司的欢迎和追捧，故选A．
﹣Well，the media ________ it in a variety of forms．（ ） 【点评】动词短语是一个比较难的语言点，搭配较多，用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．尤其是相似或相近
A．cover B．will cover 的用法，要注意区分和掌握．
C．have covered D．covered 16．（1分）﹣What a mess!You are always so lazy!
【考点】E8：现在完成时． ﹣I'm not to blame，mum．I am ________ you have made me．（ ）
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【分析】﹣﹣关于将在南京举办的青奥会你了解多少？ A．how B．what C．that D．who
﹣﹣嗯，媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道． 【考点】58：连接代词；HD：表语从句．
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【解答】答案：C 【分析】﹣﹣怎么这么乱啊！你总是这么懒．
根据句意"媒体已经用各种形式进行了报道．"可以判定出，本题用现在完成时态，强调过去的事情对现在的 ！﹣﹣我不应该受到责备，妈妈．我今天这个样子都是你造成的．
影响还存在． 【解答】答案：B解答名词性从句时，如果从句中缺少主宾表语时，一般选择what．如果指人，则用who，但考虑本题从句中 题干中give是作lecture的后置定语，两者构成动宾关系，要用被动；句意表达的give动作发生在follow之前，
_____you have made me缺少me的宾语补足语，而且句意指的是妈妈使他成为那个样子，所以B正确． 要用分词的完成式．故选D．
【点评】考查此类试题，要分析从句缺少什么成分，其次要注意一些特殊的语境，比如用what指代人，表示 【点评】现在分词是非谓语动词的一种，表达主动或进行；过去分词表达被动或完成；动词不定式表达未发
人的状态或职业． 生的动作．学习时，要注意区分和掌握．
17．（1分）She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ________ in last year's 20．（1分）﹣Dad，I don't think Oliver the right sort of person for the job．
election．（ ） ﹣I see．I'll go right away and ________．（ ）
A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statue A．pay him back B．pay him off
【考点】35：名词的词义辨析． C．put him away D．put him off
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【分析】两年前她就遭软禁，但她在去年的选举中仍然是代表人物． 【考点】A9：动词短语．
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【解答】A 【分析】﹣﹣﹣爸爸，我认为Oliver不是这份工作的合适人选．
本题考查词意辨析．A．symbol符号；象征；标志； B．portrait肖像；画像；描写 C．identity一致；身份； ﹣﹣﹣我知道，我马上去拿钱打发了他．
特征 D．statue雕像；塑像．故选A． 【解答】答案：B
【点评】名词辨析考查的是词意理解，平时学习时要注意积累． A．pay him back 报复他，偿还他的钱；B．pay him off 拿钱打发了他，为他做出补偿；C．put him
18．（1分）The idea"happiness，"________，will not sit still for easy definition．（ ） away 把他送进监狱，把他关起来；D．put him off 使他分心；根据语境Oliver不是这份工作的合适人选可
A．to be rigid B．to be sure 知，此处的意思应是给他结清工资并解聘他；故选B
C．to be perfect D．to be fair 【点评】本题考查的是动词短语的用法．做本题时，需要明确各选项中动词短语的意思，然后在理解句意的
【考点】64：形容词词意辨析． 基础上，找出正确答案；因此在平时的学习中，应注意积累一定的词汇及动词短语，并且要牢记它们的意义．
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【分析】"幸福"的观念，可以肯定的是，决不意味着轻而易举，一蹴而就． 21．（1分）It was sad to me that they，so poor themselves，________ bring me food．（ ）
【解答】答案：B A．might B．would C．should D．could
A．to be rigid 硬性的；B．to be sure 可以肯定的是； C．to be perfect十全十美地； D．to be fair 公平 【考点】A6：情态动词．
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地说；此处是插入语，结合前后的句意可知，to be sure 符合句意；故选B 【分析】让我感到难过的是，他们自己那么穷，竟然还给我带吃的．
【点评】本题考查了形容词词意辨析．做本题的关键是在理解题意的基础上，正确辨析各选项的意思，从而 【解答】答案：C
选出答案；这就需要平时应熟练掌握一些形容词及其短语的意义及用法． 分析句意可知，此处表达的意思应是：他们自己那么穷，竟然还给我带吃的；A．可能，可以；B．愿意，会；
19．（1分）The lecture ________，a lively question﹣and﹣answer session followed．（ ） C．表示惊讶：竟然；D．能，可能；
A．being given B．having given 故选：C．
C．to be given D．having been given 【点评】本题考查了情态动词should（表示惊讶，意为：竟然，居然会）的用法．作此类题时，需要熟练掌
【考点】B1：现在分词的被动式；B2：现在分词的完成式． 握各情态动词所具有的意义及用法．
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【分析】演讲完成后有一个生动的问答板块． 22．（1分）I can't meet you on Sunday．I'll be ________ occupied．（ ）
【解答】答案：D A．also B．justC．nevertheless D．otherwise C．Thank goodness D．Come on
【考点】7B：副词辨析． 【考点】JI：语言交际．
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【分析】周日我不能和你见面，否则我将没空了． 【分析】﹣﹣哎呀！有人离开实验室门还开着．
【解答】答案：D ﹣﹣不要看着我（不是我干的）．
A．also 同样，也； B．just仅仅，只是； C．nevertheless 然而，尽管如此；D．otherwise否则，另外； 【解答】答案A．
句中occupied意为：无空闲的；分析句意可知，此处表达的是转折的意思，故选D B项"嗨"；C项"谢天谢地"；D项"加油"；A项"哎呀（表示惊讶）"；根据上下文的语境可知，前者对于实验
【点评】本题考查了副词词义辨析．做本题时，应首先理解句意，弄清句子之间的意义关系；其次应熟练掌 室的门还开着很惊讶．因此A项符合语境，故选A．
握各副词的意义及用法． 【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选
23．（1分）Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to ________ the soul of Qu Yuan． 项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反
（ ） 复记忆．
A．remember B．remind C．recover D．recall 第二节：完形填空（共1小题；每小题20分，满分20分）请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、
【考点】AE：动词的辨析． D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
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【分析】关于龙舟节的起源，传说是为了纪念屈原的亡灵． 26．（20 分）Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he
【解答】答案：D remember记住；remind提醒；recover康复；recall回忆，想起．句意表达的是为了让人们
found a way to fill a universal human need．
想起，故选D． It was a need that he first （36） D back in 1906when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers
【点评】动词短语是一个比较难的语言点，搭配较多，用法灵活．学习时，要注意积累．尤其是相似或相近 College in Warrensburg．To get an （37） B ，he was struggling against many difficulties．His family
的用法，要注意区分和掌握． was poor．His Dad couldn't afford the（38） B at college，so Dale had to ride horseback 12miles to
24．（1分）Good families are much to all their members，but ________ to none．（ ）
attend classes．Study had to be done （39） A his farm﹣work routines．He withdrew from many
A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
school activities（40） C he didn't have the time or the （41） D ．He had only one good suit．He
【考点】54：不定代词．
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【分析】句意为：好的家庭对它所有的成员来说都非常重要，但不是任何人的全部．
this period Dale was slowly（44） C an inferiority complex （自卑感），which his mother knew could
【解答】答案：C
（45） A him from achieving his real potential．She（46） A that Dale join the debating team，
everything意为"一切，全部"，符合语境．something某事； anything任何事； nothing什么都没有，这三个
believing that （47） B in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed．
选项不符句意．句中的none是指代人（家庭成员），是否定词，也就是"没有家庭成员"，意思是好的家庭不
Dale took his mother's advice，tried desperately and after several attempts（48） C made it．This
是家庭成员的全部． 故本题选择C．
proved to be a（49） D point in his life．Speaking before groups did help him gain the（50） D
【点评】考查不定代词，要了解不同的不定代词在语境中的含义．
he needed．By the time Dale was a senior，he had won every top honor in（51） C ．Now other
25．（1分）﹣________!Somebody has left the lab door open．
students we re coming to him for coaching and they，（52） C ，were winning contests．
﹣Don't look at me．（ ）
Out of this early struggle to （53） B his feelings of inferiority，Dale came to understand that the
A．Dear me B．Hi，there
ability to （54） A an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence．And，（55） D it，Daleknew he could do anything he wanted to do﹣and so could others． 37．B 考查名词辨析．根据上句中的"when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in
Warrensburg"可知，为了获得教育，他经历了很多困难．故选B．
36．A．admitted B．filled C．supplied D．recognized 38．B 考查名词辨析．根据第二段第二、四句"…against many difficulties．His family waspoor…had to
37．A．assignment B．education C．advantage D．instruction
ride horseback 12 miles to attendclasses．"可知，他不得不骑着马上学，并且家里很穷，故可以判断，他的
38．A．training B．board C．teaching D．equipment
父亲无法为他支付膳宿费．board意为"膳宿，董事会，甲板"，符合语境．故选B．
39．A．between B．during C．over D．through
39．A 考查介词辨析．根据后文"his farm﹣work routines"及"withdrew from many school activities"和"he
40．A．while B．when C．because D．though
didn't have the time"可知，他做农活和没时间参加许多学校活动，他应该是在农活间隙中学习．between意
41．A．permits B．interest C．talent D．clothes
为"在…之间"，符合语境．故选A．
42．A．on B．for C．in D．with
40．C 考查连词辨析．根据第二段第三行中的"He withdrew from many school activities…"，可知，学校的
43．A．light B．flexible C．optimistic D．outgoing
许多活动他没有参加，应该是说明不参加的原因．所以用because引导原因状语从句．故选C．
44．A．gaining B．achieving C．developing D．obtaining
41．D 考查名词辨析．根据后面一句"He had only one goodsuit．"可知，他没有好衣服．clothes意为"衣
45．A．prevent B．protect C．save D．free
服"，符合语境．故选D．
46．A．suggested B．demanded C．required D．insisted
42．B 考查介词辨析．他想争取参加足球队，但是被教练拒绝．"try for"为固定搭配，意为"争取，谋求"，
47．A．presence B．practice C．patience D．potential
符合语境．try on 试穿； try in 把…放进去；try with 用…尝试．故选B．
48．A．hopefully B．certainly C．finally D．naturally
43．A 考查形容词辨析．根据第二段第二行中的"His family was poor"，可知，他因为贫穷，生活艰苦，
49．A．key B．breaking C．basic D．turning
长得比较瘦弱．故选A项．
50．A．progress B．experience C．competence D．confidence
44．C 考查动词辨析．根据语境可知，在那一段时期，因为太瘦弱，足球教练拒绝了他，并且不怎么参加
51．A．horse﹣riding B．football C．speech D．farming
学校活动，Dale 慢慢地形成了自卑感．develop意为"养成，形成"，符合语境．故选C．
52．A．in return B．in brief C．in turn D．in fact
45．A 考查动词辨析．根据句意可知，他的妈妈知道，这种自卑感将阻止他发挥他真正的潜能．"prevent
53．A．convey B．overcome C．understand D．build
54．A．express B．stress C．contribute D．repeat sb fromdoing sth"为固定搭配，意为"阻止某人做某事"，故选A．
55．A．besides B．beyond C．like D．with 46．A 考查动词辨析．根据第三段中的第一句"Dale took hismother's advice…"及语境可知，他的妈妈建议
【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读． 他参加辩论队，认为辩论队里的演讲的练习会给与他所需要的认可和信心．"suggest"表示"建议"时后接从句，
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【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．主要讲述了Dale Carnegie （戴尔•卡耐基）从不为人所知，到享有国际声誉的 从句为虚拟语气，用"should+动词原形"，故选A项．
成功故事．他年轻时因为家里穷不得不每天往返12英里求学．后来他听从母亲的建议，学习演讲，从而获 47．B 考查名词辨析．根据下文的语境可知，戴尔获得荣誉，一定是自己反复练习的缘故．"practice 训练，
得自信，最终成为成功的演说家．文章旨在告诉我们自信心的重要性，有了自信，我们就可以做到我们想做 实践"，符合语境．故选B．
的任何事情． 48．C 考查副词辨析．根据"tried desperately and after several attempts"及后文"he had won every top
【解答】36．D 考查动词辨析．根据第二段最后一句"…recognition that he needed"和第一段中的"…he honor"可知，他不顾一切地反复尝试，他最后终于成功了．finally意为"最后，终于"，符合语境．故选C．
found…a universal human need．"可知，戴尔意识到了自己的所需．recognize"识别，意识到"，符合语境． 49．D 考查名词辨析．根据第二段的内容"Dale形成自卑"以及第三段中"made it 他成功了"可知，这是他
故选D． 人生的"转折点"．"turning"意为"转折"，符合语境．故选D．50．D 考查名词辨析．根据"speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed"可知，
在众人面前演讲确实能帮助他获得他所需要的自信．"confidence"意为"自信"，符合语境．故选D．
51．C 考查名词辨析．根据第三段中的"Speaking before groups…"可知，他在演讲中获奖了．speech意
为"演讲"，符合语境．故选C．
52．C 考查介词短语辨析．根据语境可知，现在，其他学生过来找他培训，他们也一个一个地赢得比
赛．"inturn"意为"依次，轮流"，符合语境．"in return"作为报答；"in brief"简明地；"in fact"事实上．故选
C．
53．B 考查动词辨析．根据第二、三段内容可知，戴尔通过参加演讲克服了自己的自卑感，找到了自
信．"overcome"意为"克服"，符合语境．故选B．
54．A 考查动词辨析．根据第三段中戴尔参加演讲比赛的叙述可知，戴尔逐渐认识到他有能力在听众面前
表达思想．express意为"表达"，符合语境．故选A．
55．D 考查介词辨析．根据语境可知，带着这种自信，Dale知道他能够做他想要做的任何事，别人也是如
此．with意为"带着"，符合句意．故选D项．
【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一
批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对
和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度
出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．
第三部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题4分，满分30分）请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、
D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
27．（4分）
56．Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs A ？
A．It helped display their money status．
B．It was created by famous architects．
C．It was named after a famous institute．
D．It represented the 19th century urban culture．
57．What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts C ？A．Its designs are anti﹣conventional． For economists，every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo﹣in terms of money and
B．Its designs come from famous structures． enjoyment﹣in order to take it up．By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing
C．Its customers can enjoy their own composition． out on，you ought to be able to make better﹣informed，more reasonable decisions．Consider that most
D．Its customers can choose from various new styles．
famous economic rule of all：there's no such thing as a free lunch．Even if someone offers to take you
【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一则广告．文章主要介绍了SieMatic Beaux﹣Arts系列厨房的设计风格、设计的由来以及它
forgone opportunities．
吸引顾客的独特之处：顾客可以按自己的喜好进行装饰布置，也可加入自己的创新，从而可以分享到自己的
Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging：imagine spending your entire life
成果．
calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or
【解答】56．A 细节理解题．根据第二段第一句"Back then，a Generation of successful American
enjoyable ． Yet ， in a sense it's human nature to do precisely that﹣ we assess the advantages and
Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth"可知，一代成功的美国
disadvantages of decisions all the time．
企业家梦想着一种新的建筑风格能够表达他们个人财富，也就是说能够显示他们有钱，展示他们的金钱地位．
In the business world，a popular phrase is"value for money．"People want their cash to go as far as
故选A．
possible．However，another is fast obtaining an advantage："value for time．"The biggest restriction on our
57．C 推理判断题．根据第三段最后一句"you too can break the conventional rules of style and create
resources is the number of hours we can devote to something，so we look to maximize the return we get
something new：your own personal composition of your kitchen．For that，SieMatic BeauxArts offers
on our investment of time．By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be
unique opportunities：A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious
spent doing other activities，such as sleeping and eating．In return，however，this passage will help you to
design of your own．"可知，你也可以打破传统的风格规则，创造一些新的东西，按自己的喜好进行装饰布
think like an economist，closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions．
置，所以SieMatic BeauxArts让顾客有机会显示自己的构思，从而可以分享到自己的成果．故选C．
【点评】本文是政治经济类阅读，主要考查学生对细节的理解能力，做题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题
58．According to the passage，the concept of"opportunity cost"is applied to D ．
干进行比较，再做出正确选择．
A．making more money
28．（6分）However wealthy we may be，we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we
B．taking more opportunities
want．Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost，which simply refers to C．reducing missed opportunities
whether someone's time or money could be better spent on something else． D．weighing the choice of opportunities
Every hour of our time has a value．For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing 59．The"leftover…time"in Paragraph 3probably refers to the time C ．
another，or be sleeping or watching a film．Each of these options has a different opportunity cost﹣ A．spared for watching the match at home
namely，what they cost us in missed opportunities． B．taken to have dinner with friends
Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of C．spent on the way to and from the match
hours to get to and from the stadium．Why not，you might reason，watch the game from home and use D．saved from not going to watch the match
60．What are forgone opportunities B ？
the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends？This﹣the alternative use of your cash and time﹣
A．Opportunities you forget in decision﹣making．
is the opportunity cost．B．Opportunities you give up for better ones． tolerated．We no longer regard duels （决斗） as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one
C．Opportunities you miss accidentally． person's awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another．
D．Opportunities you make up for． Anger can be identified in the brain，where the electrical activity changes．Under most conditions EEG
【考点】O7：政治经济类阅读． （脑电图） measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal （额
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【分析】本文是一篇议论文．文章主要介绍了如何更好地支配自己的时间和金钱，以及如何在作决定时考虑
叶前部） areas．Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even﹣handed disposition （意向） that most
花费的机会成本．因为无论我们多么富有，我们也不可能在一天里找到足够的时间做我们想要做的一切．因
of us possess most of the time．But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas
此，我们要放弃一些事情选择做更好的事情．
aren't balanced and，as a result of this，we're likely to react．And our behavioural response to anger is
【解答】58．D 推理判断题．根据第一段的"Economics deals with this problem through the concept of
different from our response to other emotions，whether positive or negative．
opportunity cost，which simply refers to whether someone's time or money could be better spent on
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour：we move closer to people we like．Most
something else"．和第三段的"This﹣the alternative use of your cash and time﹣is the opportunity cost"可知，
negative emotions，in contrast，are associated with avoidance behaviour：we move away from people and
opportunity cost（机会成本）是指人们考虑自己的时间和金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上，也就
things that we dislike or that make us anxious．But anger is an exception to this pattern．The angrier we
是在衡量自己的选择是否合理．所以这个概念应用于衡量机会的选择方面，故选D．
are，the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger．This corresponds to what
59．C 词义推测题．根据第三段的"Say…but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of
psychologists refer to as of ensive anger：the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control
hours to get to and from the stadium…use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends？"可
the person or situation causing his anger．This approach﹣and﹣confront behaviour is accompanied by a
知，人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵了．所以就把本来准备看球赛的金钱和时间用在了别的地方，
leftward prefrontal asymmetry （不对称） of EEG activity．Interestingly，this asymmetry lessens if the
所以leftover …time所指的是"花在观看比赛（路上）来去的时间"．故选C．
angry person can experience empathy （同感） towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry
60．B 推理判断题．根据第四段的"Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free，the time you
response．In defensive anger，in contrast，the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person
will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities．"可知，即使有人带
feels helpless in the face of the anger﹣inspiring situation．
你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你吃饭的时间还是会让你失去某些东西．所以推测出 forgone
opportunities是指"所放弃的可以做更有价值事情的更好的机会"．故B正确．
61．The"duels"example in Paragraph 2proves that the expression of anger C ．
【点评】本文是政治经济类阅读，考查学生对细节的理解把握和推理判断能力，做题时一定要找到文章中的
A．usually has a biological basis
原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根 B．varies among people
据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断． C．is socially and culturally shaped
29．（8 分）Most damagingly，anger weakens a person's ability to think clearly and keep control over his D．influences one's thinking and evaluation
behaviour．The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or 62．What changes can be found in an angry brain B ？
situation that arouses his anger． A．Balanced electrical activity can be spotted．
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way； what angers one person may amuse another．The B．Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas．
specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces．In C．Electrical activity corresponds to one's behaviour．
D．Electrical activity agrees with one's disposition．
contemporary culture，physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be63．Which of the following is typical of offensive anger A ？ 和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度
A．Approaching the source of anger． 出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．
B．Trying to control what is disliked． 30 ． （ 12 分 ）
C．Moving away from what is disliked．
D．Feeling helpless in the face of anger．
64．What is the key message of the last paragraph D ？
A．How anger differs from other emotions．
B．How anger relates to other emotions．
C．Behavioural responses to anger．
D．Behavioural patterns of anger．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读．
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【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些与愤怒有关的表现以及医学原理和人们生气的时候表现出的行
为模式．
【解答】61．C 推理判断题．根据文章第二段"In contemporary culture，physical expressions of anger
are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated．"在当代社会里，愤怒的肢体表现被认为是对
社会有伤害而不能被容忍．但是在古代却又着决斗这样的行为，说明愤怒的表现形式是由不同的社会和文化
形成的．故C正确．
62．B 细节理解题．根据第三段 3，4 行"But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left
prefrontal areas aren't balanced"可知，当我们生气的时候，脑电图在额叶前部会出现不平衡的现象．故B正
确．
63．A 细节理解题．根据文章第四段 3，4，5行"The angrier we are．the more likely we are to move
towards the object of our anger．This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as offensive anger：the
angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger．"可
知，当我们生气的时候，我们很可能靠近让我们生气的对象．这是典型的offensive anger的表现．故A正确．
64．D 段落大意题．根据本段 1，2 行"Most positive emotions are associated with approach
behaviour"及"Most negative emotions，in contrast，are associated with avoidance behaviour 中的 approach
behaviour和avoidance behaviour"可知，本段讲述的是愤怒的时候，人们表现出的行为模式．故D正确．
【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一
批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对A．It is bitter and disappointing．
B．It is painful but understandable．
C．She feels sorry but sympathetic．
D．She feels hurt and angry．
67．What does"I stood out like a sore thumb"in Paragraph 5mean D ？
A．I walked clumsily out of pains．
B．I was not easy to love due to jealousy．
C．I was impatient out of fear．
D．I looked different from others．
68．What can be inferred from Mommy's Anglo family life A ？
A．She used to experience an identity crisis．
B．She fought against her American identity．
C．She forgot the pains of her early years．
D．She kept her love for Asia from childhood．
69．Why did Mommy name her daughter"Shao﹣ming C ？"
A．To match her own birth﹣name．
B．To brighten the lives of the family．
C．To identify her with Chinese origin．
D．To justify her pride in Chinese culture．
70．By"Your past is more complete than mine，"Mommy means B ．
A．her past was completed earlier than Shao﹣ming's
B．Shao﹣ming has got motherly care and a sense of roots
C．her mother didn't comfort her the way she did Shao﹣ming
D．her past was spent brokenly，first in Asia，then in the US．
65．Why is June 6，1990a special day for Mommy D ？
【考点】O2：故事类阅读．
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A．Her dream of being a mother came true．
【分析】本文是一位从小就被母亲送走的母亲写给女儿的一封情真意切的信，信里充满了对女儿的爱以及对
B．She found her origin from her Chinese mother．
自己之前的生活的回想，对自己的母亲的怀念之情．
C．She wrote the letter to her daughter．
【解答】65．D 细节题．根据第一段中"You are more than just a second child，more than just a girl to
D．Her female line was well linked．
match our boy．You，little daughter，are the link to our female line"可知这一天她的女儿出生了．更重要
66．How does Mommy feel about her being given away B ？
的是家族里的女性传承得以延续．故选D．66．B 推理题．根据第二段最后 3 行 Worn down by the demands of the new baby and perhaps the as everybody else does．It can be positive or negative．Most people experience it in some way during their
constant threat of starvation，she made the painful decision to give away her girl so that both of us might lives．
have a chance for a better life．可知她的母亲把她送走也是万般无奈，要不然两个人没有好的生活．所以她 People are social creatures by nature，and so it is hardly surprising that part of their self﹣respect comes
对母亲的选择是可以接受和理解的，但是同时被母亲送走的确是一件很痛苦的事情．故选B． from the approval of others．This instinct （天性） is why the approval of peers，or the fear of
67．D 推理题．根据段"In a family of blue﹣eyed blonds，though，I stood out like a sore thumb"．家里 disapproval，is such a powerful force in many people's lives．It is the same instinct that drives people to
都是蓝眼睛的白种人，而我是一个黄皮肤黑头发的中国人．Though后面这句话说明我和他们是不一样的．故 dress one way at home and another way at work，or to answer"fine"when a stranger asks"how are
选D． you？"even if it is not necessarily true．There is a practical aspect to this：it helps society to function
68．A 推理题．根据第四段中的"Whether from jealousy or fear of someone who looked so different，my efficiently，and encourages a general level of self﹣discipline that simplifies day﹣to﹣day interaction．
older brothers sometimes teased me about my unpleasing skin，or made fun of my clumsy walk．"可知在 For certain individuals，seeking social acceptance is so important that it becomes like an addiction； in
这个家庭里不知道是处于嫉妒还是恐惧我的哥哥们有时会嘲笑我．再根据"My mother and I conflicted order to satisfy the desire，they may go so far as to abandon their sense of right and wrong．Teens and
countless times over the years，but gradually came to see one another as real human beings with faults and young adults may feel forced to use drugs，or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior．Mature adults
talents，and as women of strength in our own right"可知我和妈妈经常发生冲突．这些事情让我感觉自己的 may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal activity at the company where they work，or end up in
生活没有安全感，总是很惶恐，缺乏安全感．进而产生了身份危机．故选A． debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an
69．C 推理题．根据文章倒数第二段 That，plus a little knowledge of classroom Cantonese，is all the effort to"keep up with the Joneses．"
Chinese culture I have to offer you．Not white，certainly，but not really Asian，I try to pave the way However，peer pressure is not always negative．A student whose friends are good at academics may be
between the two worlds and bridge the gap for you．Your name，"Shao﹣ming，"is very much like mine urged to study harder and get good grades．Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in
﹣"Shao"means"little．"And"ming"is"bright"可知母亲想给女儿添加一些中国文化的元素，所以女儿的名字为 order to help the team win．This type of influence can also get a friend off drugs，or to help an adult
Shao ming，让女儿知道自己的祖先有中国血统．故选C． take up a good habit or drop a bad one．Study groups and class projects are examples of positive peer
70．B 推理题．根据下一句"and each day I cradle you in your babyhood，generously giving you the groups that encourage people to better themselves．
loving care I lacked for my first two years．"得知母亲一直在照顾着女儿，这和母亲自己的经历是不同的． Schools try to teach kids about the dangers of negative peer pressure．They teach kids to stand up and be
母亲很小就被送走了，没有享受到母爱．所以该句是指B项含义．故选B． themselves，and encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe are wrong．Similarly，it
【点评】文章是社会生活类阅读，要求学生仔细阅读文章，理解文章大意，找到相关信息回答问题，以及推 can be helpful to encourage children to greet the beneficial influence of positive peer groups．
断答案．
第四部分：任务型阅读（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表
格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上．每个空格只填一个单
词．
31．（10 分）The expression，"everybody's doing it，"is very much at the center of the concept of peer
pressure．It is a strong influence of a group，especially of children，on members of that group to behave同伴的压力会让人失去个体的判断力，丧失道德准则，不辨是非，甚至违法犯罪．
作者建议正确认识"同伴压力"﹣﹣在学校，学校应该让学生认识到不恰当的同伴竞争的危害，保持独立，做
自己，坚持自己的见解，鼓励积极的竞争关系，调整攀比心理．
【解答】71．feeling 推理题．根据文章第一段 2，3 行 it is a strong influence of a group，
especially of children，on members of that group to behave as everybody else does．peer pressure（同龄人
压力）是指同龄人的行为会影响到同一群里另外的年轻人会有相似的行为．也就是说peer pressure会让我们
有一种强烈的感觉要做和同伴一样的事情，所以feeling正确．
72．influences 推理题．根据第一段 2，3 行 it is a strong influence of a group，especially of
children，on members of that group to behave as everybody else does．it can be positive or negative．可知
peer pressure对每个人都会有一些，这种影响可能是积极的，也可能是消极的．本句中的 influences与前面的
works是并列结构．
73．practical 归纳总结题．根据文章第二段第五行there is a practical aspect to this可知peer pressure
会产生很多现实的影响，这些影响都是实际存在的．
74．unconsciously 推理题．根据文章第三段 3，4，5行teens and young adults may feel forced to use
drugs，or join gangs that encourage criminal behavior．mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover
up illegal activity at the company where they work可知不管是年轻人还是成年人都在不知不觉中收到同伴
的影响．故使用unconsciously表示无意识地．
75．individuals 原词再现．根据第三段第一行for certain individuals可知同伴的压力对个体会产生很大的
影响．
76．moral 推理题．根据文章第三段2，3，4行in order to satisfy the desire，they may go so far
71． feeling 72． influence s 73． practica l 74． unconsciously 75． individual s 76．
as to abandon their sense of right and wrong．teens and young adults may feel forced to use drugs，or
moral 77． spiri t 78． habit s 79． independen t 80． n o ．
join gangs that encourage criminal behavior．可知同伴的压力会让人丧失道德准则，不辨是非，甚至违法犯
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；PB：阅读填空．
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罪．本句中的moral指道德的．
【分析】本文讲述了"同伴压力"（peer pressure）．
77．spirit 推理题．根据第四段2，3行players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in
人作为社会人，总要受到他人的评价和认同，他人的评价和认同对人的行为造成很大的影响．这也可以解释
order to help the team win．可知同伴的压力也有积极的影响，为了帮助自己锁在的队伍获胜，他们会养成
﹣﹣为什么有些人在家里的表现和在外面的表现不一样？在家里可以穿拖鞋很随意，在外面却要西装革履待
团队合作精神．故使用名词spirit．
人接物均符合社会准则．
78．habits 原词再现．根据第四段3，4行this type of influence can also get a friend off drugs，
他人的评价和社会认同影响着人的日常生活，包括因为看到有些人买了车有些人买了房而产生的"攀比心理"．
or to help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one．可知peer pressure可以帮助人们养成好的习惯
家长也普遍存在"攀比心理"，把自己的孩子和别人的孩子比较，对自己的孩子施加压力．
并摈弃一些不好的习惯．79．independent 推理题．根据文章最后一段they teach kids to stand up and be themselves 可知要教会孩 [评分标准]
子独立，并做真正的自己． 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当．
80．no 推理题．根据最后一段encourage them to politely decline to do things that they believe 【考点】R5：读写任务作文；S3：议论文．
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are wrong．可知要鼓励孩子拒绝去做一些他们认为错误的事情．句中的decline拒绝转换成say no to． 【分析】本文是读写任务型写作，这类作文可按照三段式模板写：第一段：概况所给短文要点．第二段：过
【点评】议论文类的阅读需要明确文章的中心思想和写作意图，在中心思想和写作意图的指导下，寻找依据． 渡词引出主题句﹣﹣﹣阐述理由．第三段：个人观点．特别要注意第一段的概括．用自己的语言概括，不能
此类文章考查了学生的逻辑推理能力． 照搬照抄原文． 时态用一般现在时．人称用第一和第三人称． 重要短语：find one's way（渗入到…），in
第五部分：书面表达（满分25分） favor of（支持…），on the rise （上升），on some occasions（在一些场合），instead of（代替），
32．（25分）请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章． borrow sth from…（从…借…），stop doing sth（停止做某事），facilitate daily communication（促进日常
When we read newspapers，we often come across such English words as"AIDS"and"PK．"When we watch 交流），sooner or later （迟早），Chinese tones（声调）．take…for granted （把…当成理所当然）．
TV，we frequently hear words like"NBA"or"PM2.5．"When we speak，we automatically use words 【高分句型一】
like"OUT"or"Bye﹣bye．"English words and expressions like these are getting popular．They have already 1．it's not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts．
become part of our daily language．And 239English words have been included in the latest Dictionary of 此处是由"it"引导的主语从句，"it"作形式主语，结构为"It+be+形容词+for sb to do sth"．
Contemporary Chinese． 【高分句型二】
The inclusion has started a heated discussion．A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the In English，there are many words borrowed from Latin，French，or even Chinese．
此处是由过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词"words"，可以理解为定语从句"which/that are borrowed from
inclusion of these English words，which，they think，goes against Chinese language policies．They not
Latin"．
only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words but are also concerned that
【高分句型三】
the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language．However，others are in favor of the inclusion
2 ． it's safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily
because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language．They believe the selection is
comm①unication． ②
mostly a result of their function and use in daily life．
此处是由"it"引导的主语从句，"it"作形式主语，结构为"It+be+形容词+for sb to do sth"．
[写作内容]
①此处是由关系代词"which"引导的定语从句，先行词为"English"，"which"在从句中作主语．
1．用约30个单词写出上文概要；
②【解答】支持：
2．用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：
Today，more and more English words find their way into the Chinese language．Even the Dictionary of
（1）支持或反对汉语词典收录英语词汇；
Contemporary Chinese includes 239 English words．Some people support it while others do not．（概括）
（2）用2﹣3个理由或论据支撑你的观点．
Generally，I am in favor of the inclusion．As the number of English learners is on the rise，it's not
[写作要求]
difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts．【高分句型一】Besides，it is，on some
1．可以支持文中任一观点，但必须提供理由或论据；
occasions ， more convenient to use English words ． Most people nowadays use"IT"instead of its
2．阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句；
3．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； translation"xinxi jishu"．In our global village，we can see that it's not uncommon for one language to
4．不必写标题． borrow words from other languages．In English，there are many words borrowed from Latin，French，oreven Chinese．【高分句型二】In fact，Chinese has never stopped taking words from other languages，
say，"ganbu"or"minzhu"from Japanese．（支持汉语词典收录英语词汇原因）
So，it's safe to conclude that it is reasonable to include English which facilitates daily communication．
【高分句型三】（个人观点）
反对：
With English words getting popular in both media and daily life，a Chinese dictionary has included 239 of
them ， leaving the public divided into two opposing groups ： "For"and"Against ． "I tend to take
the"Against"side for two reasons．Firstly，this inclusion has actually polluted our mother tongue．Sooner or
later，many English accents will rise and fall with the four Chinese tones．And，rules don't tell us how to
pronounce such English﹣ turned Chinese words as"wifi"and"Out"in a Chinese way!Secondly ， such an
inclusion may give rise to prejudices of the educated against those with little knowledge of English．Just
for one illustration，while college students take"Bye﹣bye"for granted when parting from each other，it may
unconsciously hurt the feelings of someone who is used to"zaijian．"In short，not only has the inclusion
poisoned Chinese，it may also bring about distance between the Chinese people．
【点评】读写任务型写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地
表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的
来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句．写作时注意准确运用时态，上
下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文
章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．
