文档内容
英语
单项填空
缺少2024年第一次1、2、4、5、7、8、12题；2024年第二次1、2、7题
1. The Smiths _________ the online shopping experience in China since they moved back to New Zealand two
years ago.
A. had been missing B. were missing
C. have been missing D. will be missing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从两年前搬回新西兰以来，史密斯一家一直很怀念在中国的网购体验。
由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句应该用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。结合选项可知，A选项为过
去完成进行时；B选项为过去进行时；C选项为现在完成进行时；D选项为将来进行时。故选C。
2. Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the
beginning of March.
A. available B. normal C. competitive D. expensive
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人打算搬出我们的大楼，他们的公寓将在三月初出租。A.
available可获得的，可租用的；B. normal正常的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据
“Someone is planning to move out of our building”可推知，有人要搬出去了，所以公寓将在三月初可以出
租，应用available，表示“可获得的，可租用的”。故选A项。
,
3. As a symbol of the glorious history of Chinese civilization the Forbidden City _________ the cultural
memory of the country.
A. invents B. preserves C. acquires D. declares
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为中华文明辉煌历史的象征，紫禁城保存着国家的文化记忆。A.
invents发明；B. preserves保存；C. acquires获得；D. declares宣布。根据“the cultural memory of the
country”可知，紫禁城作为历史的象征，应该是保存文化记忆。故选B。
4. The fence between the two tennis courts _________. Soon children will have enough space for football games.
A. are removed B. is to be removedC. were to be removed D. was being removed
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词不定式的被动语态结构。句意：两个网球场之间的栅栏将被拆除。很快孩子们就有足够
的空间踢足球了。此处为谓语动词的填入，由第二句中的“will”可知，该句应该用将来时，所以选项中
动词不定式可以表示将来，主语The fence和动词remove为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动语态结构，
结合主语The fence为单数名词，所以为动词三单形式。故选B项。
5. We were worried that there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite
_________ .
A. repeatedly B. endlessly C. smoothly D. urgently
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们本来担心开会时会有很多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。A. repeatedly
重复地；B. endlessly不断地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. urgently紧急地。根据上文“We were worried that
there would be a lot of disagreement at the meeting, but everything went quite”可知，指本来担心开会时会有很
多分歧，但是一切进展顺利。故选C。
6. Caroline doesn't have a natural talent for music but she _________ it with hard work.
A. lives up to B. makes up for C. reaches out to D. looks out for
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：卡洛琳没有音乐天赋，但她通过努力学习弥补了这一缺陷。A.lives up
to不辜负；B.makes up for弥补；C.reaches out to联系；D.looks out for留意。根据“Caroline doesn't have a
natural talent for music”及“hard work”可知，她通过努力学习弥补了这一缺陷。故选B。
7. The organizers had to cancel the outdoor concert due to the sudden thunderstorm, _________ many eager fans
who had been waiting for hours.
A. disappointing B. to disappoint
C. having disappointed D. disappointed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于突然的雷暴天气，组织者不得不取消了户外音乐会，使得等待了几
个小时的粉丝们非常失望。此处作状语，表示“自然而然的结果”，户外音乐会的取消让粉丝们失望，故
应用现在分词作结果状语，故选A。8. When he went out of his way to help me, I told him how _________ I was for his assistance.
A. sensitive B. annoyed C. reliable D. grateful
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他尽心尽力地帮助我，我因此向他表达诚挚的感谢。A. sensitive敏
感的；B. annoyed生气的；C. reliable可靠的；D. grateful感激的。根据前文“he went out of his way to help
me”可知，他尽心尽力地帮助我，因此我很感激他，故应用形容词grateful作表语，故选D。
9. From the first explorers to today's travelers, humans have always had a desire _________ new places.
A. to discover B. to be discovering
C. to be discovered D. to have discovered
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从第一批探险者到今天的旅行者，人类一直抱有发现新领域的渴望。
discover意为“发现”，与句子主语humans构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用to discover作desire的后置定语。
故选A。
10. Spring Festival is a time of good cheer in the _________ of family and friends.
A. company B. absence C. shape D. attempt
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：春节是亲朋好友团聚相伴的欢乐时光。A. company 陪伴；B.
absence缺席；C. shape形状；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“of family and friends”可知，此处指亲朋好友团
聚相伴。故选A。
11. This online course _________, but you can still access and use the original version.
A. has updated B. had updated
C. has been updated D. had been updated
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这个在线课程已经更新，但你仍然可以访问和使用原始版本。根据“you
can still access and use the original version”可知，此处暗示课程已经更新，但仍可使用原版本。主语This
online course与谓语update为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C项。
12. Exercise is not only good for our bodies, but it can also _________ our mood and help us deal with anxiety.
A. boost B. match C. ruin D. reflect【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动不仅对我们的身体有好处，而且还可以改善我们的情绪，帮助我
们应对焦虑。A. boost促进，提高；B. match匹配； C. ruin毁灭；D. reflect反思。由句意和help us deal
with anxiety可知，这里指运动可以“促进（改善）”我们的情绪。故选A项。
13. _________ focusing on winning the approval of others, try to understand and accept yourself.
A. Because of B. Instead of C. For fear of D. In terms of
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是要努力理解和接受自己。A.
Because of 由于；B. Instead of 代替、而不是；C. For fear of 担心；D. In terms of 就……而言。根据“try
to understand and accept yourself.”可知，不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是努力理解和接受自己。故选B
项。
14. —Do you remember little Julien from Grade Two?
—Well, _________, but I can’t quite think who he is.
A. it’s up to you B. that’s a good point
C. I really envy you D. that name rings a bell
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你记得二年级的小朱力安吗？——呃，这个名字有点耳熟，但是我记
不起他是谁了。A. it’s up to you你来决定；B. that’s a good point说得对；C. I really envy you我好羡慕你；
D. that name rings a bell这个名字有点耳熟。根据后文“but I can’t quite think who he is”可知，这个名字有
点耳熟，但是我记不起他是谁了。故选D。
15. Coffee may cause sleep disturbance, especially when _________ in large amounts or after 2 pm.
A. consumed B. being consumed C. consuming D. having consumed
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：咖啡可能会引起睡眠障碍，尤其是大量饮用后或在下午两点以后饮用。
此处为状语从句的省略，且consume意为“吃；喝；饮用”，与句子主语 coffee构成逻辑上的动宾关系，
省略be动词，故用过去分词形式。故选A。
16. The new model electric car should _________ many safety tests before it is released to the public.
A. turn out B. bring about C. go through D. set up【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：新款电动汽车在向公众发布之前应该经过许多安全测试。A. turn
out结果是；B. bring about引起；C. go through通过；D. set up建立。新型电动汽车在正式上市之前应该通
过多次安全测试。故选C项。
完形填空
Passage 1
At 23, I applied for my first job and it was not successful. When I received the ___17___ email, I felt
disappointed and angry. I had spent days ___18___ the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know what went
wrong.
Months later, after a job interview at another company, I got a call From the manager. “ ___19___ , we
decided to offer the job to someone else,” he said. “Would you like to hear the feedback (反馈)?”
The manager went on to tell me I hadn’t expressed my ___20___ for applying for the position. The feedback
was ___21___ to hear, but he was right. As I just wanted a job in my home city, I didn’t ___22___ much whether
it fit my interests. The job at the company was something I was capable of doing, but I didn’t feel ___23___ about
it — and that showed in the interview.
From the non, I decided to carefully evaluate each job opening and only ___24___ at I was interested in. In
my applications, I also began ___25___ clearly why I wanted that particular job. Soon my effort ____26____ , as
I got an offer I was truly excited about.
Years later, I found myself on the other side of the table, interviewing ____27____ for a position in my lab.
One of them got my attention. On paper, his application looked ____28____ , but the interview went badly. He
didn’t seem to have done any reading ____29____ about my research, which made me wonder ____30____ he
was truly interested in working with me.
When I called to tell him, I couldn’t offer him the ____31____ , he was disappointed. I then told him where
he could ____32____ in future interviews. As the ____33____ went on, I got the sense that he was grateful for
what I said.
Nowadays, when my own trainees apply for positions else where, I encourage them to ____34____ feedback.
It’s never pleasant to ____35____ constructive criticism, but if we are told where we are lagging (落后), we are
more likely to avoid making the same ____36____ in the future.
17. A. congratulation B. invitation C. rejection D. complaint
18. A. taking up B. preparing for C. calling off D. passing down
19. A. Consequently B. Hopefully C. Surprisingly D. Unfortunately20. A. requirement B. motivation C. imagination D. suggestion
21. A. tough B. pleasant C. frightening D. reasonable
22. A. care B. regret C. doubt D. know
23. A. nervous B. enthusiastic C. relaxed D. embarrassed
24. A. introduce B. abandon C. pursue D. display
25. A. examining B. stating C. judging D. instructing
26. A. came about B. faded away C. settled down D. paid off
27. A. officials B. candidates C. visitors D. employers
28. A. great B. easy C. confusing D. complicated
29. A. in advance B. on average C. by contrast D. for free
30. A. that B. when C. where D. whether
31. A. salary B. degree C. award D. position
32. A. continue B. serve C. improve D. participate
33. A. conversation B. adventure C. negotiation D. journey
34. A. set aside B. ask for C. put off D. contribute to
35. A. give away B. insist on C. listen to D. fight for
36. A. proposals B. decisions C. comments D. mistakes
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. D 32. C
33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者两次面试失败后，通过获得反馈并调整求职策略，最终成功找
到工作的经历。第一次失败后，他因缺乏反馈而感到失望和愤怒；第二次失败时，他得到了关于表达动机
不清晰的反馈，这促使他开始仔细选择职位。最终，他只申请感兴趣的工作，并成功找到工作。后来作为
面试官，作者会为求职者提供反馈，帮助他们改进。
【17题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我收到拒绝邮件时，我感到失望和愤怒。A. congratulation祝贺；B. invitation
邀请；C. rejection拒绝；D. complaint投诉。根据后文“I felt disappointed and angry.”可知，作者会感到失
望和愤怒说明被拒绝了。故选C。
【18题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我花了好几天准备面试，到最后，我甚至不知道哪里出了问题。A. taking up从
事；B. preparing for准备；C. calling off取消；D. passing down传递。根据上文“I had spent days”以及宾
语“the interview”指花时间准备面试。故选B。
【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我们决定把这份工作给别人，”他说。A. Consequently结果；B.
Hopefully有希望地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“we decided to offer the job
to someone else”可知，工作给了别人，对作者来说是不幸地。故选D。
【20题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经理接着告诉我，我没有表达我申请这个职位的动机。A. requirement要求；B.
motivation动机；C. imagination想象；D. suggestion建议。根据后文“I just wanted a job in my home city”
可知，作者的动机只是想要一份工作，这是经理没有听到作者申请时所表达出的。故选B。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些反馈让人难以接受，但他是对的。A. tough艰难的；B. pleasant令人愉快
的；C. frightening可怕的；D. reasonable合理的。根据后文“to hear, but he was right”中but表示转折，说
明经理的话让作者难受，但却是事实。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我只想在家乡找一份工作，所以我并不太在意这份工作是否符合我的兴趣。
A. care关心，在意；B. regret后悔；C. doubt怀疑；D. know知道。根据上文“As I just wanted a job in my
home city”以及后文“much whether it fit my interests”可知，作者只是想要一份工作，并不太在意这份工
作是否符合自己的兴趣。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这家公司的工作是我有能力做的，但我对它没有热情——这在面试中表现出
来了。A. nervous紧张的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. relaxed放松的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文作者
面试被拒，说明作者对这份工作并没有热情，因此被经理拒绝了。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从一开始，我就决定仔细评估每一个工作机会，只追求我感兴趣的。A.
introduce介绍；B. abandon抛弃；C. pursue追求；D. display展示。根据上文“I decided to carefully evaluate
each job opening and only”可知，作者评估工作机会，是为了追求自己感兴趣的工作。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的申请中，我也开始清楚地说明我为什么想要这份工作。A. examining检
查；B. stating陈述；C. judging判断；D. instructing指导。根据后文“clearly why I wanted that particular
job”指作者在申请中陈述自己申请的理由。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，我的努力得到了回报，我得到了一份令我真正兴奋的工作。A. came
about发生；B. faded away消失；C. settled down定居；D. paid off取得回报。根据后文“as I got an offer I
was truly excited about”可知，作者得到了想要的工作，努力得到了回报。故选D。【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年以后，我发现自己站在桌子的另一边，为我实验室的一个职位面试候选人。
A. officials官员；B. candidates候选人；C. visitors游客；D. employers雇主。根据上文“I found myself on
the other side of the table”可知，作者站在了桌子的另一边，即成为了面试候选人的面试官。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在纸上，他的申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。A. great不错的；B.
easy容易的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. complicated复杂的。根据后文“but the interview went badly”可
知，but表示转折，申请书看起来不错，但面试进行得很糟糕。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。
A. in advance提前；B. on average平均的；C. by contrast相比之下；D. for free免费地。根据后文“about my
research, which made me wonder whether he was truly interested in working with me.”可知，作者怀疑他是否
有兴趣和自己一起工作，所以推测他没有提前阅读作者的研究。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：他似乎没有提前阅读我的研究，这让我怀疑他是否真的有兴趣和我一起工作。
A. that那；B. when当……时候；C. where在哪里；D. whether是否。此处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”应
用whether。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我打电话告诉他我不能给他这个职位时，他很失望。A. salary薪水；B.
degree度数；C. award奖品；D. position职位，位置。根据上文“for a position in my lab”可知，此处指给
对方这个职位。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我告诉他在以后的面试中他可以改进的地方。A. continue继续；B. serve服
务；C. improve改善；D. participate参加。根据后文“constructive criticism”可推测得知，作者告诉了对方
面试中可以改进的地方。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着谈话的进行，我感觉到他对我所说的话很感激。A. conversation谈话；B.
adventure冒险；C. negotiation谈判；D. journey旅程。根据上文“I then told him”指作者和对方进行了谈话。
故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，当我自己的学员申请其他公司的职位时，我鼓励他们寻求反馈。A. set
aside留出；B. ask for寻求；C. put off推迟；D. contribute to有助于。根据后文“feedback”可知，指面试者向面试官寻求反馈。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的地方，
我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. give away赠送；B. insist on坚持；C. listen to听；D. fight for
为……而战。根据后文“constructive criticism”以及后文“we are told where we are lagging”指听建设性的
批评，故选C。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：听建设性的批评从来都不是一件愉快的事，但如果我们被告知我们落后的地方，
我们更有可能避免在未来犯同样的错误。A. proposals提议；B. decisions决定；C. comments评论；D.
mistakes错误。根据上文“we are more likely to avoid making the same”可知，听从建议是为了避免犯同样
的错误。故选D。
Passage 2
I had struggled with math since fourth grade, but worked very hard to ___37___ the smart students around
me. In eleventh grade, much to my classmates ___38___, I signed up for precalculus BC, the hardest math class.
That was when I met Mr. Dena and told him I had ___39___ in math, yet I would try my hardest. He was
convinced I could succeed ___40___ the doubts from my classmates.
Mr. Dena kept an unforgettable ___41___ by Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see
further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.” He reflected on that throughout the year and was
___42___ to teach us more than math.
Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests, believing that we could solve hard problems together. He drew
names out of a hat to ___43___ partners. Students were ___44___ out loud that they wouldn't be paired with me.
As the “lucky” name was ___45___, the class burst into laughter. My partner joked about being ____46____ with
me. However, we worked well together and surprised everyone with our ____47____ on this test. I learned so
much from my classmates and I realized this was really ____48____ we had partner tests.
The final exam was Mr. Dena's final ____49____ to us, but I failed it. I told him I didn't understand how I
could do so ____50____ on a test when I had studied so hard. He explained it's not about the grades; it's about true
understanding. If studying didn't ____51____ on a test, it would someday. I knew then that ____52____ passing
or failing tests, studying was about hard work and effort. And I ____53____ myself harder than I ever had.
To be challenged in math really changed the way I ____54____ other challenges in life. I wasn't going to let a
grade stop me from learning some of the best lessons of my life. Mr. Dena is one of the giants that Newton
____55____. He has helped me see not only more ____56____ ideas than I thought possible, but who I can be.
37. A. keep up with B. give in to C. stay away from D. watch out for38. A. sorrow B. delight C. surprise D. relief
39. A. talent B. methods C. innovation D. weaknesses
40. A. in spite of B. in case of C. in view of D. in consequence of
41. A. diary B. quote C. essay D. letter
42. A. embarrassed B. determined C. astonished D. puzzled
43. A. assign B. honor C. persuade D. monitor
44. A. reading B. singing C. praying D. applauding
45. A. registered B. changed C. abandoned D. picked
46. A. concerned B. stuck C. impressed D. content
47. A. negotiation B. mistake C. performance D. standard
48. A. when B. why C. where D. how
49. A. decision B. challenge C. instruction D. victory
50. A. accurately B. carefully C. effortlessly D. poorly
51. A. give out B. break down C. turn up D. pay off
52. A. beyond B. within C. upon D. across
53. A. praised B. defended C. pushed D. criticized
54. A. viewed B. created C. ignored D. presented
55. A. admires B. establishes C. measures D. describes
56. A. social B. mathematical C. psychological D. moral
【答案】37. A 38. C 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. B 49. B 50. D
51. D 52. A 53. C 54. A 55. D 56. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从四年级开始学数学就很吃力，同学们都不愿意和作者
进行小组活动，但作者却很努力，微积分课程的老师Mr. Dena让作者理解到了学习不是关乎于考试，而是
努力和付出，付出终会有回报的。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从四年级开始，我的数学就很困难，但是我努力赶上我周围那些最聪明的学生。
A. keep up with赶上；B. give in to向……屈服；C. stay away from远离；D. watch out for注意，留意。根据
空前的“but worked very hard to”转折but可知，尽管我的数学学起来很费力，但我还是尽力追上、赶上周
围的同学，故选A。
【
38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我的同学惊讶的是，我报名了微积分BC这一课程，最难的数学课。A.sorrow伤心；B. delight高兴；C. surprise惊讶；D. relief轻松。根据前文“I had struggled with math since
fourth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，但我却报名了最难的数学课，这让我的同学很惊讶，
故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是当我遇到Mr. Dena的时候，我告诉他，我在数学上有一定的弱点，但我
会尽最大的努力。A. talent天赋；B. methods方法；C. innovation创新；D. weaknesses弱点，劣势。根据前
文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我本身学数学就有一定的困难，因此我告诉Mr.
Dena，我学数学有一定的劣势，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：他让我相信，即使同学怀疑我，但我还是能成功。A. in spite of尽管；B. in case
of以防……； C. in view of鉴于；D. in consequence of因为，由于……的结果。根据空后“the doubts from
my classmates.”可知，即使我学数学有困难，即使同学对我有怀疑，但他让我相信，我还是能成功，故选
A。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena在黑板上留下了Sir Isaac Newton的一句难忘的话：“如果我能看得更
远，那是因为我站在巨人肩膀上。”A. diary日记；B. quote引文，引语；C. essay论文；D. letter信。根据
后文“Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to see further, it is only because I stand on the
shoulders of giants.””可知，后文提到Mr. Dena引用了的Sir Isaac Newton一句话，写在黑板上，故选B。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他一整年都在思考这一点，并决定要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西。A.
embarrassed尴尬的；B. determined有决心的；C. astonished惊讶的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据空前“He
reflected on that throughout the year”可知，他全年都在思考“如果我能看得更远，那只是因为我站在巨人
肩膀上”这一点，因此下定决心要教我们除了数学以外更多的东西，故选B。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档。A. assign分配；B. honor尊敬；C. persuade
说服；D. monitor监视。根据前文“Mr. Dena occasionally gave partner tests”可知，他会给我们进行小组测
试，因此从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组。A. reading阅读；B. singing唱歌；C.
praying祈祷；D. applauding鼓掌。根据前文“I had struggled with math since fourth grade”可知，我学数学
有一定的困难，因此在分组的时候，同学都大声祈祷不要跟我分在一组，故选C。
【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当“幸运的”名字被挑选出来时，同学们都大笑起来。A. registered注册；B.
changed改变；C. abandoned抛弃；D. picked挑选。根据前文“He drew names out of a hat”可知，Mr. Dena
从帽子里抽出名字来分配搭档，因此当“幸运儿”的名字被选出来的时候，故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了。A. concerned关心的；B. stuck被困的，被缠
住的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. content满意的。根据前文“Students were ___8___ out loud that they
wouldn't be paired with me.”可知，同学们都不想和我一组，因此我的搭档开玩笑说被我缠住了，我会拖累
他，故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们合作得很好，并用我们在这次考试的成绩震惊了每个人。A.
negotiation谈判；B. mistake错误；C. performance表现，成绩；D. standard标准。根据空后“on this test”
可知，我们合作得很好，用考试的成绩震惊了每个人，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我从同学那里学到了很多，并且我意识到，这也就是为什么我们有小组测试。
A. when当……时候；B. why为什么；C. where哪里；D. how怎样。根据空后“we had partner tests”可知，
我们进行小组测试的原因是因为我们能从搭档那里学到很多东西，故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：期末考试就是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，但我没能通过考试。A. decision决
定；B. challenge挑战，考验；C. instruction指导；D. victory胜利。根据前文“The final exam”可知，期末
考试是Mr. Dena对我们最后的考验，故选B。
【50题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我学习如此努力了，怎么还能在考得这么差。A. accurately准确地；
B. carefully小心地；C. effortlessly不费力地；D. poorly差地。根据空后“when I had studied so hard”可知，
我感到很疑惑，为什么我这么努力，考试成绩却这么差，故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果学习没有在考试上得到回报，那终有一天会有回报的。A. give out泄
露，分发；B. break down垮掉；C. turn up出现；D. pay off取得回报。根据后文“He explained it's not about
the grades; it's about true understanding.”可知，Mr. Dena解释道，学习是理解，而不是分数，因此如果努力
没有在测试上取得回报，那终有一天会有回报的，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我知道了，学习是超出通过或者没通过考试的范围，是关乎于努力
和汗水的。A. beyond超出……范围；B. within在……范围以内；C. upon在……上；D. across跨越。根据后文“studying was about hard work and effort.”可知，学习是关乎于努力和付出的，超出了通过考试或者
没通过考试的范围，故选A。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我督促自己比之前更加努力了。A. praised表扬；B. defended辩护；C. pushed
督促，催促；D. criticized批评。根据前文“I knew then that ___16___ passing or failing tests, studying was
about hard work and effort.”可知，我理解到学习不是关于考试是否通过，而且关乎于努力和付出的，因此
我督促自己比之前更加努力了，故选C。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：挑战数学真的改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式。A. viewed看待；B. created
创造；C. ignored忽视；D. presented呈现。根据空前“To be challenged in math really changed the way”可知，
挑战数学改变了我看到生活中的挑战的方式，故选A。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mr. Dena就是Newton描述的巨人之一。A. admires钦佩；B. establishes建立；
C. measures测量；D. describes描述。根据前文“Sir Isaac Newton on his chalk board: “If I have been able to
see further, it is only because I stand on the shoulders of giants.””可知，Newton说过，“如果我能看得更远，
那只是因为我站在巨人肩膀上”，而作者就将Mr. Dena视为Newton描述的巨人之一，让作者看得更远，
故选D。
【56题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不仅让我看到了比我想象 的更多的数学改变，还让我看到了我能成为
什么。A. social社会的；B. mathematical有关数学的；C. psychological心理的；D. moral道德上的。根据前
文“I signed up for precalculus BC, the hardest math class. That was when I met Mr. Dena”可知，Mr. Dena是
我的数学老师，因此让我看到了比我想象的更多的数学概念，故选B。
阅读理解
Passage 1
Humans have evolved (进化) to spend long periods doing physical exercise. But why doesn’t everyone enjoy
exercising? The complexity of the human brain is to blame.
Evolving an ability doesn’t automatically mean we’ll want to use it. While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s
still typically unpleasant. It has to be: you’re pushing your body to its physical limits, which leads to significant
discomfort.
Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. Studies have shown that it calculates
the effort required for actions and tends to stop us from squandering vital resources on fruitless efforts, like walking
over 30 km for a handful of berries.The thing is, regular exercise to get “in shape” requires constant and considerable effort — all for gradual
progress and uncertain rewards. So, your brain’s tendency to ask, “Is it worth it? ” will be hard to quieten. This
particular feature also means we typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward.
Thankfully, the human brain is a complex organ. It isn’t ruled by its more primitive drives. While many species’
thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”, “Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. Our
brains can form multiple long-term goals and ambitions. We can imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure
out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. Or at least work toward it. This directly impacts how our brain processes
motivation and willpower. It makes us capable of delayed gratification (满足): we can recognize that rejecting a
reward now can lead to a greater reward later, and act accordingly.
So how does the brain process motivation? The self-discrepancy (自我差异) theory suggests we have several
“selves” active in our minds at any given time: our “actual” self, our “ideal” self, and our “ought” self. Your “actual”
self is how you are right now. Your “ideal” self is what you want to be. And your “ought” self is the self that does
what you ought to be doing to become your “ideal” self. So, if your “ideal” self is a professional footballer, and your
“actual” self isn’t, your “ought” self is the one that spends a lot of time training, exercising, and getting better at
football.
As far as your brain is concerned, there are processes that discourage exercise, and processes that encourage it.
Ideally, you’ll end up putting more weight on the latter than the former.
57. What can be learnt from the first two paragraphs?
A. Some people are born physically weaker than others.
B. Some people dislike driving themselves too hard physically.
C. Most people have the habit of doing physical exercise.
D. Most people do physical exercise for comfort and pleasure.
58. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “squandering” in Paragraph 3?
A. Conserving. B. Mixing. C. Misusing. D. Sharing.
59. What is the author’s purpose in writing Paragraph 4?
A. To raise a question. B. To provide a definition.
C. To make a comparison. D. To further explain a point.
60. According to the author, how are humans different from many other species?
A. Humans are able to picture a favorable future.
B. Humans benefit more from painful experiences.
C. Humans care more about immediate rewards.
D. Humans are skilled at avoiding dangers.61. According to the self-discrepancy theory, who presents the most active “ought” self?
A. A footballer dreaming of becoming a movie star.
B. A student eating potato chips while watching TV.
C. A professional dancer performing at a theatre.
D. A swimmer training to win an Olympic medal.
【答案】57. B 58. C 59. D 60. A 61. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了并非人人都喜欢体育锻炼的原因，指出这是因为人脑对无谓的努
力很抵触且锻炼本身的回报不确定，不过大脑能形成长期目标、处理动机，我们能学会延时满足，为目标
不懈努力。
【57题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“But why doesn’t everyone enjoy exercising? (但是为什么不是每个人都喜欢锻炼
呢？)”和第二段中“While physical exercise isn’t that bad, it’s still typically unpleasant. It has to be: you’re pushing
your body to its physical limits, which leads to significant discomfort. (虽然体育锻炼并没有那么糟糕，但它通
常还是令人不愉快的。这是必然的：你正在把你的身体推向它的身体极限，这导致了明显的不适)”可知，
有些人不喜欢锻炼是身体被迫达到体能极限时会感到明显不适。由此可知，有些人不喜欢对自己的身体施
加太大的压力。故选B项。
【58题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. Studies
have shown that it calculates the effort required for actions (另一个问题是，人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感。
研究表明，它可以计算出行动所需的努力)”可知，人脑对无谓的努力很抵触。由此可知，此处指“它会阻
止我们将重要资源浪费在无效的努力上”，画线词意思应该是“浪费，滥用”，与Misusing意思相近。故
选C项。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。第三段中的“Another issue is that the human brain is highly sensitive to wasted effort. (另一个问
题是，人类的大脑对浪费精力非常敏感)”指出人脑对无谓的努力很抵触，第四段“The thing is, regular
exercise to get “in shape” requires constant and considerable effort — all for gradual progress and uncertain rewards.
So, your brain’s tendency to ask, “Is it worth it? ” will be hard to quieten. This particular feature also means we
typically prefer things which offer minimum effort for maximum reward (问题是，有规律的锻炼来保持“身
材”需要持续和相当大的努力——所有这些都是渐进的，回报是不确定的。所以，你的大脑问“这值得
吗？”问题的倾向将很难平息。这个特殊的特征也意味着我们通常更喜欢那些付出最少努力却获得最大回
报的东西)”用规律锻炼以保持身材的例子具体说明人脑的这种工作机制。由此可知，作者写第四段的目的是进一步解释上文的观点。故选D项。
【60题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“While many species’ thought processes are limited to “Food, eat it!”, “Danger, run!”,
“Pain, avoid!”, we’ve evolved beyond that. Our brains can form multiple long-term goals and ambitions. We can
imagine a desirable future scenario (情况), figure out how we’d achieve it, and do just that. (虽然许多物种的思维
过程仅限于“食物，吃它！”、“危险，快跑！”、“痛苦，躲避！”，我们已经超越了这一点。我们的
大脑可以形成多个长期目标和抱负。我们可以想象一个理想的未来场景，弄清楚我们如何实现它，然后去
做)”可知，人类与许多其他物种的不同之处在于，人类能够想象一个美好的未来。故选A项。
【61题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中“And your “ought” self is the self that does what you ought to be doing to become
your “ideal” self. So, if your “ideal” self is a professional footballer, and your “actual” self isn’t, your “ought” self is
the one that spends a lot of time training, exercising, and getting better at football. (你的“应该”自我就是做你应
该做的事情来成为你的“理想”自我的那个自我。所以，如果你的“理想”自我是一名职业足球运动员，
而你的“实际”自我不是，那么你的“应该”自我就是花大量时间训练、锻炼，并在足球方面做得更好的
那个人)”可知，“自我差异”理论认为“应该”自我会使人为奋斗目标持续努力。由此可知，为赢得奥运
奖牌而训练的游泳运动员表现出最活跃的“应该”自我。故选D项。
Passage 2
Staring at the bookcases in my study, packed with so many great books that had remained unread, I heard a
loud voice in my head — “Shame on you! How can you leave these masterpieces unread?”
The first book I picked up was Montaigne's Essays. To my surprise I discovered in the margins (页边空白)
what clearly was my own faded hand-writing. So I was actually reading it again, but what I was rereading seemed
entirely new. I also found sentences underlined. Only this time I wondered: Why did I underline this sentence? It's
the next one that is important!
Clearly, my way of reading the text had shifted, and I myself had changed over the years. This raised the larger
question of rereading. It comes in many forms. There’s voluntary rereading, the result of a willful decision to revisit
a book one has admired, or a book that has left one with some unanswered questions. This kind of planned revisit
could also be for confirming certain details in the text, or for checking on the moves of a given character. A devoted
teacher might also wish to refresh his closeness to a work, and thus avoid teaching through the same old written
notes with soporific (让人瞌睡的) effects.
Contrarily, there’s involuntary rereading. The original reading was either forgotten or so totally absorbed that
the new chance encounter with the text produced surprise and astonishment. My reaction to the renewed reading nolonger corresponded to the original experience, and I was no longer sure that I recognized myself as the same
reader.
Then there are what one might call subconscious (潜意识的) rereadings, those that occur without the specific
act of reading, much as the memory of a tune can keep coming back to the mind without its actually being heard
again. This form of remembered contact with a book can accompany us during a lifetime and continue to strengthen
and shape us. Much in the same manner, we may over the years recite to ourselves poems learnt by heart long ago,
which have become part of our self-recognition.
All of these ways of reading are valuable. Renewed contact with a novel or a poem can activate the search for
a better knowledge of the self. The new reading, a form of revision, uncovers the change in us. The newness is not
in the text. It is we who have evolved. In the process of rereading, our outlook has also been significantly changed.
Rereading makes it possible for us to see the world around us, ourselves included, in a new light.
62. What did the author find when reading Montaigne’s Essays?
A. He still couldn't understand it. B. He had made notes in it.
C. It was a brand new copy. D. It was his favorite work.
63. According to the author, what could be a purpose of voluntary rereading?
A. To improve the quality of teaching. B. To learn from admirable characters.
C. To collect details for writing novels. D. To help making important decisions.
64. According to Paragraph 4, involuntary rereading can bring about?
A. Unexpected reading experience. B. Total concentration on new books.
C. Changed preferences for books. D. Enhanced reading skills.
65. What can be learnt about subconscious rereading?
A. It prevents memory from fading. B. It helps make who we are.
C. It involves actual reading. D. It works best with poetry and music.
66. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. Accessing Masterpieces through Rereading B. Rereading: Voluntary or Involuntary?
C. Rereading: Pursuit of Truth D. Transformative Power of Rereading
【答案】62. B 63. A 64. A 65. B 66. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自己对重新阅读的感悟和想法，认为重新阅读能更好地了解
自我，能让我们以新的眼光来看待周围的世界，包括自己。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The first book I picked up was Montaigne's Essays. To my surprise I discoveredin the margins (页边空白) what clearly was my own faded hand-writing.(我拿起的第一本书就是Montaigne的散
文。令我惊讶的是，我在页边空白处发现了明显是我自己褪色的笔记。)”可知，作者惊讶地发现书的空白
处是自己之前的笔记，故选B。
【63题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“A devoted teacher might also wish to refresh his closeness to a work, and thus
avoid teaching through the same old written notes with soporific (让人瞌睡的) effects.(一位敬业的教师可能也希
望重新建立与工作的亲密关系，因此避免通过具有催眠效果的相同的旧笔记来进行教学。)”可知，教师通
过主动再读更新内容，提高教学质量是主动再读的目的之一，故选A。
【64题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Contrarily, there’s involuntary rereading. The original reading was either
forgotten or so totally absorbed that the new chance encounter with the text produced surprise and astonishment.
My reaction to the renewed reading no longer corresponded to the original experience, and I was no longer sure
that I recognized myself as the same reader. (相反，有一种非主动再读。原来的阅读要么被遗忘，要么完全被
吸收，以至于与文本的新的偶遇产生了惊讶和震惊。我对重新阅读的反应不再符合最初的体验，我也不再
确定我是否认出自己是同一个读者。)”可知，非主动再读能让读者感到与最初体验不符合的反应，因此能
带来意料之外的阅读体验，故选A。
【
65题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This form of remembered contact with a book can accompany us during a
lifetime and continue to strengthen and shape us. Much in the same manner, we may over the years recite to
ourselves poems learnt by heart long ago, which have become part of our self-recognition.(这种与书的记忆联系
可以伴随我们一生，并继续加强和塑造我们。同样地，多年来，我们可能会背诵很久以前背下来的诗，这
些诗已经成为我们认知的一部分。)”可知，潜意识再读有助于进一步塑造自我，是我们认知的一部分，故
选B。
【66题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Rereading makes it possible for us to see the world around us, ourselves
included, in a new light.(重新阅读使我们能够以新的眼光看待周围的世界，包括我们自己。)”和后文对重新
阅读的介绍可知，文章主要论述了重新阅读的重要意义，即再读具有提升读者对作品、自我及世界认知的
力量，故D项 “Transformative Power of Rereading(重新阅读的变革力量)” 符合文章标题，故选D。
Passage 3
Our teacher, Miss Chevalier was a small woman, with a moon face, fatty fingers and curls that sprang straight
up from her head, hence the funny name “Poodle (卷毛狗)”. She taught in our reading club. Sometimes she wouldlook in and ask what we were reading — not to check but to know.
That’s what happened the day my club was reading aloud a poem by Henry Longfellow. I guess I was better
than the others, for Miss Chevalier asked a while later, “Addie, I was wondering if you would recite the whole
poem to the Saturday evening’s club.” She said a famous professor was going to give a lecture about the poet, and a
presentation of that poem would be a fresh way to start.
She asked me to memorize it. “But that shouldn’t be a problem for a child of your ability,” she added. I’m
telling you, my happy feet barely touched the ground all the way home. To me, that was the biggest thing ever and I
soon learned the whole poem by heart, well prepared for our first rehearsal.
I was desperately nervous when I went to her office the next day. But the good thing was she always had the
smile that would make you feel like you just did something right.
Halfway through the poem, Miss Chevalier stopped me and asked if I knew what “impetuous” meant. Despite
her encouraging smile, I wanted to sink through the floor because I was unsure about its pronunciation as well as its
meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended not to have noticed my red face and handed me a dictionary, asking me to read
its definition aloud. “Impetuous has two definitions: rushing with great force or violence; acting suddenly, with
little thought. ”
She asked me which one fitted the poem. I read both definitions over again, trying to figure it out, but Miss
Chevalier must have read my mind. “There is no wrong answer,” she said, “I want to know your opinion, Addie.”
Hesitantly, I said, “Maybe… both.”
She liked that. “One has to be impetuous both ways or they wouldn’t dare to face up to any challenge. Would
you call yourself impetuous?”
I knew she was asking for an opinion. “My mother thinks being impetuous for girls is improper, anyway.”
She said my mom was somewhat right about that. “But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when
needed. I believe you are such a girl.”
After that, I would never call Miss Chevalier “Poodle” again.
67. Why was Addie asked to recite Longfellow’s poem to the Saturday evening’s club?
A. To help with her performance.
B. To get the attention of her classmates.
C. To set an example for the rest of the class.
D. To try a new way to warm up the coming lecture.
68. Why did Addie feel happy on her way home?
A. An event was going to happen.
B. She was fully ready for her first rehearsal.C. She gained recognition for her performance.
D. She memorized the poem sooner than others.
69. What can be learned about Miss Chevalier’s personality from the way she treated Addie?
A. Caring and considerate. B. Easygoing and carefree.
C. Curious and open-minded. D. Disciplined and strong-willed.
70. How did Miss Chevalier succeed in making Addie truly understand the word “impetuous”?
A. By asking Addie to define it in her own way.
B. By interpreting the two definitions separately.
C. By consulting the dictionary for its definitions.
D. By linking its definitions to Addie’s situations.
71. What is the probable reason that Addie would never call Miss Chevalier “Poodle” again?
A. She followed her mother’s advice. B. She made up her mind to be a polite girl.
.
C She was touched by Miss Chevalier’s trust. D. She felt Miss Chevalier’s teaching funny.
【答案】67. D 68. C 69. A 70. D 71. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了老师希望作者以诗歌朗诵的形式为周六晚上的演讲活动来暖场，排
练时作者有一个词不懂，老师耐心引导作者理解，使作者逐渐领悟该词词义，作者很感动。
【67题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中“She said a famous professor was going to give a lecture about the poet, and a
presentation of that poem would be a fresh way to start. (她说一位著名的教授要给这位诗人做讲座，而这首诗
的演讲将是一个新的开始)”可知，老师谢瓦利埃小姐希望作者以诗歌朗诵的形式为周六晚上的演讲活动来
暖场，D项“尝试一种新的方式来为即将到来的讲座热身”符合题意。故选D项。
【68题详解】
推理判断题。由第三段中““But that shouldn’t be a problem for a child of your ability,” she added. (“但对于你
这种能力的孩子来说，这应该不是问题，”她补充道)”可知，老师信任作者的朗诵能力，她感到非常高兴，
C项“她的表现获得了认可”符合题意。故选C项。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中“But the good thing was she always had the smile that would make you feel like you
just did something right. (但好的是，她总是面带微笑，让你觉得你做得对)”和第五段中“Despite her
encouraging smile, I wanted to sink through the floor because I was unsure about its pronunciation as well as its
meaning. Miss Chevalier pretended not to have noticed my red face and handed me a dictionary, asking me to read
its definition aloud. (尽管她微笑着鼓励我，但我还是想沉下去，因为我不确定它的发音和含义。谢瓦利埃小姐假装没有注意到我的脸红，递给我一本词典，让我大声朗读它的定义)”可知，老师对作者很关爱和耐心
指导。由此推知，老师是一个关心人和体贴的人。故选A项。
【70题详解】
推理判断题。由第六段中““There is no wrong answer,” she said, “I want to know your opinion, Addie.”(“没有
错误的答案，”她说，“我想知道你的意见，艾迪)”，第七段中“One has to be impetuous both ways or
they wouldn’t dare to face up to any challenge. Would you call yourself impetuous? (一个人必须左右都冲动，否
则他们不敢面对任何挑战。你会说自己冲动吗？)”， 第八段中“My mother thinks being impetuous for girls
is improper, anyway. (不管怎样，我妈妈认为对女孩冲动是不合适的)” 和第九段“She said my mom was
somewhat right about that. “But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when needed. I believe you are such
a girl.”(她说我妈妈说得对。“但女孩们也应该明智地在需要时接受挑战。我相信你就是这样一个女
孩。”)”可知，通过教师与作者对话的叙述，教师通过一系列问题把作者的成长背景和“impetuous”词
义联系起来，使作者逐渐领悟该词词义，D项“把它的定义与艾迪的情况联系起来”符合题意。故选D项。
【71题详解】
推理判断题。由第九段中“But girls should also be wise to take up challenges when needed. I believe you are
such a girl. (但女孩们也应该明智地在需要时接受挑战。我相信你就是这样一个女孩)”可推知，老师的信任
令作者感动，所以作者再也不会称谢瓦利埃小姐为“卷毛狗”。故选C项。
Passage 4
Research sometimes proves, with data, what we more or less already know（e. g. Exercise is good for you,
and polluted air isn’t）. Still, sometimes our assumptions are incorrect, and scientific findings surprise researchers,
along with the rest of us. A recent example is the phenomenon of disappearing lakes in parts of the frozen treeless
Arctic（北极的） region.
You might think these lakes would be expanding, not disappearing. As climate change warms the region —
melting（融化）surface snow and ice as well as the permafrost（永冻层）— there should be more surface water,
forming larger lakes and even new ones. Recently, however, scientists have observed not just shrinking（缩小的）
lakes but lakes that have completely gone away.
Many scientists shared the commonsense expectation that as permafrost melted, lakes would at first expand
with meltwater flowing into them. Eventually, researchers made a prediction that progressive warming during the
21st and 22nd centuries would dry out the Arctic, and lakes would begin to shrink. But now it looks as if Arctic
lakes are disappearing a century sooner than predicted. A case in point is that some large, age-old lakes shrank
dramatically in what appears to have been a matter of months. Scientists have labeled this phenomenon “disastrous
lake loss”What caused this? The frozen solid ground actually contains bits of rock, mineral and organic matter, leaving
spaces in between. And because these spaces are filled with solid ice, liquid water cannot readily get inside, but it
can when the permafrost melts, allowing more water to get through. Soon after that, around 192 lakes in
northwestern Alaska are gone from sight.
Why did scientists miss this? One probable reason is that most climate models assume that the melting of
permafrost is driven only by warming air.
New evidence suggests, however, that rainfall — particularly increasing autumn rain — is now contributing
significantly to permafrost loss. The rainfall carries heat into the ground. Yet none of the existing models includes
such processes.
That is a good example of why — no matter how complex our models are or may one day be — we need
direct observation of the natural world.
72. What does Paragraph 1 mainly tell us?
A. General knowledge can at times turn out to be true.
B. Commonsense assumptions can sometimes prove wrong.
C. Research findings should be built on popular assumptions.
D. Scientific research is inspired by an unknown phenomenon.
73. Contrary to the general expectation, climate change has caused ________.
A. a rapid rise of water surface B. the permafrost to melt faster
C. many Arctic lakes to grow larger D. the disappearance of many Arctic lakes
74. The disastrous climatic impacts on the Arctic region have been ________.
A. proved with emerging lakes B. underestimated by scientists
C. well predicted by researchers D. shown elsewhere in the world
75. Why is the frozen Arctic ground hard for water to get through?
A. Because of the solid ice within it.
B. Because of its unique composition.
C. Because it is far away from the waters.
D. Because snow rarely melts on frozen ground.
76. What lesson can we learn from the passage?
A. Direct observation is a must for scientific research.
B. Scientific research is guaranteed by sufficient lab facilities.
C. New evidence should be found to back up research findings.
D. Scientific predictions should be mostly based on research models.
【答案】72. B 73. D 74. B 75. A 76. A【解析】
【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章通过对在冰冻无树的北极地区部分湖泊消失的现象这一实例的分析，表明
了直接观察自然世界对科学研究是必要的。
【72题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Research sometimes proves, with data, what we more or less already know.(研究有
时会用数据证明我们或多或少已经知道的事情。)”和“Still, sometimes our assumptions are incorrect, and
scientific findings surprise researchers, along with the rest of us.(尽管如此，有时我们的假设是不正确的，科学
发现让研究人员和我们其他人感到惊讶。)”可知，该段表明有时一些常识性的假设可能被证明是错误的。
故选B。
【73题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“You might think these lakes would be expanding, not disappearing.(你可能会认为这
些湖泊会扩大，而不是消失。)”和“Recently, however, scientists have observed not just shrinking（缩小的）
lakes but lakes that have completely gone away.(然而，最近科学家们不仅观察到湖泊在萎缩，而且还观察到
湖泊已经完全消失。)”可知，与人们的普遍预期相反，气候变化已经引起了许多北极湖泊的消失。故选
D。
【74题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“But now it looks as if Arctic lakes are disappearing a century sooner than predicted.
(但现在看来，北极湖泊的消失似乎比预测的要早一个世纪。)”可知，对比之前科学家的预测，一些北极
湖泊似乎消失得要快很多，可见灾难性的气候对北极地区的影响一直被科学家低估了。故选B。
【75题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“And because these spaces are filled with solid ice, liquid water cannot readily get
inside,(因为这些空间充满了固体冰，液态水不容易进入，)”可知，因为冻土层中的空间里充满了坚实的冰，
导致液体水无法进入。故选A。
【76题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“That is a good example of why — no matter how complex our models are or may
one day be — we need direct observation of the natural world.(这是一个很好的例子——说明为什么不管我们的
例子有多复杂，或者有一天可能会复杂——我们都需要直接观察自然世界。)”可知，文章通过对在冰冻无
树的北极地区部分湖泊消失的现象这一实例的分析，让我们学到了直接观察自然世界对科学研究是必要的。
故选A。
阅读表达
Passage 1
阅读表达Awake from a short sleep in her chair, my grandmother ran her fingers through her wavy white hair, looked
out her window at the blue sky, and asked me what I would wish for if I had just one wish.
She often asks this, and I always answer the same way—“To have Granddad back” —which usually gets her
reminiscing about him. Memories of their 67-year life together would always make her smile.
My grandmother was born in Ireland. In her teens, she moved to a poor village in England. At 28, my
grandmother walked herself through the snow to birth her first child. When she was 50, she survived an emergency
surgery. In her 60s, she suffered from arthritis(关节炎)but still managed to climb Snowdon, Wales’s tallest peak.
About a decade ago, I noticed that she began to lose her hearing. If I asked what she had for lunch, she might
say, “Oh, the weather has been lovely today. ” She seemed to recycle the same handful of answers to my questions.
In recent years, I’ve been trying to show up for her more, in person. One day after I made us coffee, I asked
her: “What’s the secret to being successful in your 90s? ”
“Oh Richard, so many people are old at 60. They just want to sit all day. You won’t make it to 90 like that. You
have to try. ”
“Try what? ”
“Try walking, ” she said. “Try gardening. Try cooking. Trying doesn’t require a lot of trying. Just try a little .
Like, with this coffee you’ve made us. I know you tried . ”
Even at 93, my grandmother still knits blankets for the local hospital’s babies and buys books to continue with
her French. “Age is just another bot- her attempting to convince you of the impossible in the world, but actually the
world is filled with possibilities,” she once said.
77. What does the underlined phrase mean in Paragraph 2? (no more than 2 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
78. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
79. Why did the author’s grandmother recycle the same answers to his questions? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
80. How can people be successful in old age according to the author’s grandmother? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
81. In your opinion, what can young people do to improve the quality of old people’s life? (no more than 20
words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】77. Remembering.##Thinking of. ##Thinking about. ##Missing.
78. My grandmother has## had a rich life experience.##My grandmother has gone through a lot. ##My grandmotheris##was an extraordinary woman.
79. Because she began to lose her hearing. ##Because she could not hear clearly.
80. They should remain active in old age.##By trying different things. ##They should try doing things.
81. We can help old people to learn new skills so that they can keep pace with society.##They can visit their
grandparents more often and spend time with them.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者与祖母之间的日常交流，重点描绘了祖母积极向上、勇于尝
试的生活态度，并表达了年龄不是限制、世界充满可能性的主旨。
【77题详解】
考查词义猜测。根据第二段划线词前面的内容“She often asks this, and I always answer the same way—“To
have Granddad back” (她经常问我这个问题，我总是这样回答——“为了让爷爷回来。”)”以及划线词后
的内容“Memories of their 67-year life together would always make her smile.(他们67年的共同生活总是让她
微笑。)”可知，作者总是以同样的方式来回答：让爷爷回来，一提到这就会让奶奶想起了和爷爷在一起的
时光，这些时光总是让奶奶微笑。故划线词意为“想起，记起来，想念”。故答案为Remembering./
Thinking of./ Thinking about. /Missing.
【78题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“My grandmother was born in Ireland. In her teens, she moved to a poor village
in England. At 28, my grandmother walked herself through the snow to birth her first child. When she was 50, she
survived an emergency surgery. In her 60s, she suffered from arthritis(关节炎)but still managed to climb Snowdon,
Wales’s tallest peak.(我祖母出生在爱尔兰。在她十几岁的时候，她搬到了英国的一个贫穷的村庄。28岁时，
我的祖母在雪地里步行生下了她的第一个孩子。50岁时，她在一次紧急手术中幸存下来。60多岁时，她饱
受关节炎之苦，但仍成功攀登了威尔士最高峰斯诺登峰。)”可知，本段主要介绍了奶奶的生活经历描述了
奶奶具有丰富的人生经历，她是一位非凡的女性。故答案为My grandmother has/had a rich life
experience./My grandmother has gone through a lot./My grandmother is/was an extraordinary woman.
【79题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段中“About a decade ago, I noticed that she began to lose her hearing. If I asked what
she had for lunch, she might say, “Oh, the weather has been lovely today. ”(大约十年前，我注意到她的听力开始
下降。如果我问她午餐吃了什么，她可能会说：“哦，今天天气真好。”)”可知，作者注意到祖母十年前
开始失去听力，所以当作者问她午饭吃了什么时，她可能会说“哦，今天天气真好。”，这说明她无法听
清作者的问题，因此会用同样的几个答案来回答作者的问题。故答案为Because she began to lose her
hearing./Because she could not hear clearly.
【80题详解】考查细节理解。根据第六段中““Oh Richard, so many people are old at 60. They just want to sit all day. You
won’t make it to 90 like that. You have to try. ”(“哦，Richard，很多人60岁就老了。他们只想整天坐着。你
这样活不到90岁的。你必须尝试。”)”以及第八段““Try walking, ” she said. “Try gardening. Try cooking.
Trying doesn’t require a lot of trying. Just try a little . Like, with this coffee you’ve made us. I know you tried .
”(“试试走路，”她说。“试试园艺。试着做饭。尝试并不需要很多尝试。就尝一点。比如，你给我们煮
的咖啡。我知道你尽力了。”)”可知，作者祖母认为人要想在老年时成功，就要不断尝试。故答案为
They should remain active in old age./By trying different things./ They should try doing things.
【81题详解】
开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，回答合理即可。根据问题内容“In your opinion, what can young people do
to improve the quality of old people’s life? (在你看来，年轻人能做些什么来提高老年人的生活质量？)”可知，
本人认为：我们可以帮助老年人学习新的技能，使他们能够跟上社会的步伐。或者他们可以更经常地看望
他们的祖父母，花时间和他们在一起。故答案为We can help old people to learn new skills so that they can
keep pace with society./They can visit their grandparents more often and spend time with them.
Passage 2
阅读表达
Studies show teaching children how to cook at an early age helps with reading comprehension and fine motor
ability, in addition to learning about nutrition and food safety. In 2015 Stephanie Drewry was looking for a cooking
summer camp for her three children. To her dismay, she quickly realized such a camp didn’t exist.
“I have my degree in education, but I had been staying home with my kids, ” Drewry says. “I love working
with kids, so I just decided to take a spare bedroom and turn it into a one-room cooking school called Sprouts
Cooking School. ”
The school grew in popularity so quickly that Drewry realized she would need more space outside her home
for the classes. In 2017 she moved Sprouts into a 1,400-square-foot storefront (临街店面) in Carmel, Indiana. As
demand grew, Drewry opened another Sprouts in the same area in 2022.
“Our classrooms are built with kids in mind. The worktops (操作台) in the classrooms are slightly lower than
normal to fit in with their height,” Drewry says. “All of the cooking facilities are domestic ones. I wanted to have
them feel like cooking in their own home.”
The school offers activities targeted at kids aged 3 to 13. Younger kids might make cookies while older ones
are cooking soup and meatballs. There are birthday parties and summer camps as well. The fun part of the activities
is that the kids can eat or take home whatever they make. They can also enjoy themselves in the themed classes like
Harry Potter or Winter Wonder-land Baking. With all these activities, the school is extremely popular.Teaching kids, especially those picky eaters, to cook helps a lot because they’re more willing to eat something
made by themselves. More importantly, it is also about releasing children into the world with a life skill they’ll
need as an adult when they’re no longer in their parents’ care.
82. What does the underlined word mean in Paragraph 1? (1 word)
______________________________________________________________________________________
83. Why was Sprouts moved into a 1,400-square-foot storefront in 2017? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
84. How does the school design the classrooms in consideration of kids’ height? (no more than 10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
85. Why is the school so popular according to Paragraph 5? (no more than10 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
86. Besides cooking, what other life skills would you like to develop? Please give one example and explain why.
(no more than 20 words)
______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】82. Disappointment. / Unhappiness. / Frustration. / Worry. / Sadness. / Discouragement. / Dissatisfaction.
/ Discontent.
83. Because of its growing popularity and need for more space.
Or: Because it needed more space for classes.
Or: Because it became popular very quickly.
84. By slightly lowering the worktops.
Or: The school makes the worktops lower than normal.
Or: The worktops are slightly lower than normal.
85. Because it offers different kinds of fun activities.
Or: Because various/ diverse and interesting activities are offered.
Or: It offers fun activities targeted at children of different ages.
86. I’d like to develop the skill of driving. I can go to different places and enjoy a convenient life.
Or: Swimming. I have a better chance of survival in case of emergency.
Or: Communication skills. With good communication skills, I can establish good interpersonal relationships with
people around me.
Or: Computer skills. Good computer skills enable me to enjoy a more convenient and efficient life.
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了斯蒂芬妮·德鲁里为了让自己的孩子学习烹饪知识，建立了烹饪
学校，介绍了学校的一些情况。【82题详解】
考查词句猜测。根据第一段“Stephanie Drewry was looking for a cooking summer camp for her three
children(斯蒂芬妮·德鲁里正在为她的三个孩子寻找一个烹饪夏令营)”和下文“she quickly realized such a
camp didn’t exist.(她很快意识到这样的营地并不存在)”可知，Drewry想让孩子参加烹饪夏令营，但是发现
没有此类项目，所以感到很失望。故划线词意思是“失望”或“不开心”、“沮丧”、“担心”或“悲
伤”。故答案为Disappointment. / Unhappiness. / Frustration. / Worry. / Sadness./ Discouragement. /
Dissatisfaction. / Discontent.
【83题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段“The school grew in popularity so quickly that Drewry realized she would need
more space outside her home for the classes.(这所学校受欢迎的速度如此之快，以至于德鲁里意识到她需要在
家外面有更多的地方来上课)”可知，Drewry的学校大受欢迎，所以需要更大的办学空间。故答案为
Because of its growing popularity and need for more space. Or: Because it needed more space for classes.
Or: Because it became popular very quickly.
【84题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第四段“Our classrooms are built with kids in mind. The worktops (操作台) in the
classrooms are slightly lower than normal to fit in with their height(我们的教室是为孩子们而建的。教室里的工
作台面略低于正常水平，以适应他们的身高)”可知，Sprouts学校的设计以学生为本，教室内的操作 台比
正常高度稍低，以适应孩子们的身高。故答案为By slightly lowering the worktops.
Or: The school makes the worktops lower than normal.
Or: The worktops are slightly lower than normal.
【85题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第五段“The school offers activities targeted at kids aged 3 to 13. Younger kids might make
cookies while older ones are cooking soup and meatballs. There are birthday parties and summer camps as well.
The fun part of the activities is that the kids can eat or take home whatever they make. They can also enjoy
themselves in the themed classes like Harry Potter or Winter Wonder-land Baking. With all these activities, the
school is extremely popular.(这所学校提供针对3至13岁儿童的活动。年幼的孩子可能会做饼干，而年长的
孩子正在做汤和肉丸。也有生日聚会和夏令营。这些活动的有趣之处在于，孩子们可以吃自己做的东西，
也可以把它们带回家。他们还可以在哈利波特或冬日仙境烘焙等主题课程中尽情享受。由于这些活动，这
所学校非常受欢迎)”可知，学校提供了各种各样有趣的课程和活动，深受学生喜爱。故答案为Because it
offers different kinds of fun activities.
Or: Because various/ diverse and interesting activities are offered. Or: It offers fun activities targeted at children of
different ages.【86题详解】
考查开放题。要求“除了烹饪，你还想培养哪些生活技能？请举一个例子并解释原因。”可回答我想提高
驾驶技术。我可以去不同的地方，享受便利的生活。或者：游泳。在紧急情况下我有更大的生存机会。或
者：沟通技巧。有良好的沟通能力，能与周围的人建立良好的人际关系。或者：计算机技能。良好的计算
机技能使我能够享受更方便、更高效的生活。故答案为I’d like to develop the skill of driving. I can go to
different places and enjoy a convenient life.
Or: Swimming. I have a better chance of survival in case of emergency.
Or: Communication skills. With good communication skills, I can establish good interpersonal relationships with
people around me.
Or: Computer skills. Good computer skills enable me to enjoy a more convenient and efficient life.
书面表达
87. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津。一位外国游客近日在Understanding China网站上发布短视频，赞叹科
技在中国人购物、出行、学习等方面的广泛应用，一位名为 Chris的网友在评论区询问是否确实如此。请
根据以下提示留言：
（1）对视频反映的情况予以肯定；
（2）介绍科技在你生活中的应用；
（3）希望国际友人来中国亲身体验。
试题词汇：短视频 video clip
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。
@ Chris
Posted on Mar. 15, 202411: 00 AM
Li Jin
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Chris,
What you see in the video clip is all true. Technology is indeed everywhere in our life.
Every day, I go to school by subway. I pay the fare with my mobile phone. In my school, every classroom is
equipped with a big touch screen, so we don’t use blackboards anymore. If I need books for study, I will do
shopping online. With a simple click, the books will be delivered to my door the next day. During holidays, my
family usually go traveling by high speed train, which carries us to our destinations with speed and comfort.
If you have the chance to come to China, you can see for yourself. You will be amazed by the fact that
Chinese people are so at ease with technology.
Best regards,
Li Jin
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就外国游客在网站上发布短视频，赞叹科技在中国人购物、
出行、学习等方面的广泛应用，对网友Chris在评论区询问一事进行留言。
【详解】1.词汇积累
地铁：subway→underground
配备：be equipped with→be furnished with
机会：chance→opportunity
惊讶的：amazed→astonished
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Technology is indeed everywhere in our life.
拓展句：It is certain that technology is indeed everywhere in our life.
【点睛】【高分句型1】During holidays, my family usually go traveling by high speed train, which carries us to
our destinations with speed and comfort. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】You will be amazed by the fact that Chinese people are so at ease with technology. (运用了that引
导的同位语从句)
88. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，学校即将举办“低碳校园，从我做起”英语主题演讲活动，你要报名
参加。请根据以下提示，写一篇演讲稿：
（1）指出校园中不符合低碳环保理念的现象；
（2）建议从身边小事做起，如……；（3）号召大家行动起来。
试题词汇：低碳校园 low carbon campus
注意：
（1）词数不少于100；
（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；
（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
My fellow students,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】My fellow students,
Recently, some careless behaviors like wasting food and leaving lights on all day long at school have raised
our concern, all of which are bad for the environment. To deal with such problems. I’d like to give the following
proposals to promote awareness of green living.
Firstly, always turn off the lights in your classroom upon leaving. Secondly, don’t order more than you need in
the school canteen to save every bit of food. After all, the production of food produces a large amount of
greenhouse gases. Thirdly, take reusable water bottles along instead of bottled water to reduce plastic waste.
Small acts can make a big difference. So let’s do something to create a beautiful, low carbon campus.
Thank you!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生按要求写一篇演讲稿，参加学校即将举办的“低碳校园，从
我做起”英语主题演讲活动。
【详解】1.词汇积累
处理：deal with → tackle with
想要做某事：would like to do sth. → feel like doing sth.
关掉：turn off → switch off
减少：reduce → diminish
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句原句：Thirdly, take reusable water bottles along instead of bottled water to reduce plastic waste.
拓展句：Thirdly, take reusable water bottles along instead of bottled water so that we can reduce plastic waste.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Recently, some careless behaviors like wasting food and leaving lights on all day long at
school have raised our concern, all of which are bad for the environment. (运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制
性定语从句)
【高分句型2】To deal with such problems. I’d like to give the following proposals to promote awareness of green
living. (运用了不定式形式作目的状语)
