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专题 02 阅读理解之主旨大意题
目 录
主旨大意题 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
一 、 （ 最 新 模 拟 ） 阅 读 理 解 之 阅 读 理 解 之 主 旨 大 意 --- 文 章 标
题-------------------------------------------------------------2
二 、 （ 最 新 模 拟 题 ） 阅 读 理 解 之 主 旨 大 意 --- 文 章 大
意----------------------------------------------------------------------8
三 、 （ 最 新 模 拟 题 ） 阅 读 理 解 之 主 旨 大 意 --- 段 落 大
意---------------------------------------------------------------------15
四 、 （ 高 考 真 题 ） 阅 读 理 解 之 主 旨 大
意-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1702 阅读理解之主旨大意题
最新模拟演练
一、阅读理解之主旨大意---文章标题
1.（2024·安徽省皖东十校联盟高三月考）
Cancer-fighting genes in elephants could help to tackle one of the biggest killers of people, according to
research. Despite their large bodies and long lifespans (寿命), elephants are much less likely to die from cancer
than humans, with death rates of less than 5 per cent.
The paradox has puzzled scientists because more cells leads to greater replications, which increases the
possibility of the body failing to detect damaged DNA or a faulty cell that can result in tumours (肿瘤). Elephants
live for almost as long as humans, and can weigh up to five tons.
However, a group of British and European scientists say they have taken a big step towards solving Peto’s
paradox, named after the British epidemiologist Sir Richard Peto. Elephants, they say, carry a much larger, more
diverse group of tumour-fighting proteins.
The findings, published last week in the journal Molecular Biology and Evolution, raise hopes that the cancer-
fighting genes in elephants could be the key to tackling cancer, which kills about 167,000 Britons each year. Cells
keep dividing throughout an organism’s life, each carrying the risk of producing a tumour. One of the body’s
weapons is a gene called p53, known as the “guardian of the genome”, which hunts cells with faulty DNA．It
encourages the cell to repair itself or self-destruct, keeping the cell from binding with others and producing
tumours.
Humans have two versions of p53 but elephants have 40, said the researchers, including those from Oxford
and Edinburgh universities. Biochemical analysis and computer simulations also showed that an elephant’s p53
genes are structurally slightly different, providing a much larger anti-cancer toolkit. The researchers suspect that
while faulty cells might be able to skirt two p53 versions, they cannot bind to other cells as easily in the face of
dozens.The findings will open the way for research on how p53 genes are activated and on medical treatment for
humans.
1．What has puzzled scientists?
A．Few elephants end up dying from cancer. B．Elephants live long and weigh enormously.
C．More cells lead to higher chances of tumours.D．A larger body is less likely to discover faulty cells.
2．What can be learnt from paragraph 4?
A．How many Britons die each year. B．How the anti-cancer gene works.
C．How the research was carried out. D．What have the findings been applied to.
3．Which quality of elephants’ p53 genes contributes to preventing tumours?
A．Their sizes. B．Their lifespans. C．Their appearances. D．Their varieties.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Scientists Find Anti-cancer Genes in Elephants
B．P53 Genes Play Essential Role in Fighting Cancer
C．Elephant Genes Could Be Key to Preventing Cancer
D．Groundbreaking Medical Treatment for Cancer on the Way
2.（2024·山东省高三上学期适应性联考（一））
Many scholars agree that a meaningful existence comes down to three factors: the coherence of one’s life, the
possession of clear long-term goals and the belief that one’s life matters. But we believe there is another element to
consider.
Imagine the first butterfly you stop to admire after a long winter or the scenery atop a hill after a fresh hike.
Sometimes existence delivers us small moments of beauty. When people are open to appreciating such experiences,
these moments may enhance how they view their life. We call this element experiential appreciation, an ability to
detect and admire life’s inner beauty as events happen.
To better understand this appreciation, we conducted a series of studies involving over 3,000 participants.
Initially, we had participants rate their coping strategies to relieve their stress. Those managing stress by focusing
on their appreciation for life’s beauty reported experiencing life as highly meaningful. In the follow-ups, we asked
them to rate the extent to which they agreed with various statements, such as “I have a great appreciation for the
beauty of life” and other statements related to coherence, purpose, existential mattering. Our results showed that the
more people indicated that they were “appreciating life”, the more they felt their existence valuable. In the
subsequent experiment, we further explored the phenomenon by asking participants to watch an awe-inspiringvideo, they also reported having a greater sense of experiential appreciation and meaning in life in these moments,
compared with those watching more neutral videos.
The final results confirmed our original theory: appreciating small things can make life feel more meaningful.
But applying that insight can be difficult. Our modern, fast-paced, project-oriented lifestyles fill the day with
targets. We are on the go, attempting to maximize our output. This makes it easy to miss what is happening right
now. Yet life happens in the present moment. We should slow down, let life surprise us and embrace the
significance every day.
1．What is the author’s belief in meaningful life?
A．Owning the coherence of life.
B．Setting a long-term career goal.
C．Valuing what matters just to us.
D．Enjoying present beauty of life.
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A．The approach to conducting the studies.
B．The analysis of the specific objectives.
C．The necessity of a long-term goal in life.
D．The logic behind experiential appreciation.
3．What challenges us to feel more meaningful life according to the text?
A．Our fast-paced modern lifestyle.
B．The lack of employment chances.
C．Our focus on individual feelings.
D．The ignorance of future outcomes.
4．What can be the best title of the passage?
A．Appreciating the past.
B．Living in the moment.
C．Finding yourself back.
D．Embracing the future.
3.（2024·广东省普语高中毕业班高三第二次调研）
Behind the enthusiastic song of an all-male choir (合唱队) lies a force that is better known for shaping the
lives of hopeful frogs and crickets, research suggests. Recordings of a top boys’ choir, once directed by Johann
Sebastian Bach in Germany, reveal that the more mature boys in the group boosted their voices when girls wereappreciating their performances. The effect, seen only among the older singers, aged 16 to 19, is thought to be
similar behaviour more often observed in frogs and crickets, which enhance their individual calls to stand out from
the crowd during mate-attracting choruses.
“The boys’ singing sounds more brilliant and has a more attractive quality when girls are in the audience, but it
is subtle,” said Keller, a professor who led the work at the centre for music in the brain at a university in Denmark.
Keller and his colleagues teamed up with a well-known choir in Germany after a student and former member of the
choir mentioned that the boys boosted their voices in a barely noticeable manner when female audience members
were present.
Sound analysis of the boys singing a song composed by Bach found that, in the presence of girls aged 15 to
16, the boys improved their vocal brilliance and carried power by putting more energy. But it was unclear whether
people, as opposed to sensitive sound devices, could detect the shift in voices, and if they could, whether the
resulting sound was more or less appealing because of the enhanced singer’s performance.
To find out, the researchers ran two online studies in which 2,247 male and female volunteers listened to
recordings of the boys singing with and without girls in the audience. While both male and female participants
showed a difference between the two performances, only female volunteers preferred the boosted singing. “It’s
really hard to tell,” Keller said. Details are published in a journal.
For the recordings, the boys performed once before an all-male audience and a second time when a group of
teenage girls joined the front row on the pretence of being on a school trip. In interviews after the concert, the boys
felt they sang better in front of the girls but none admitted trying to attract their attention.
According to the scientists, the findings suggest choir singing is a special form of social communication where
cooperation and competitiveness, the latter potentially motivated by the opposite sex, can exist alongside one
another. “You have a group of people working together,” said Keller, “but at the same time individually having this
parallel channel of communication, sending out the competitive signal saying: pick me!”
1．What drives the mature boys to sing better according to Paragraph 1?
A．Their directors.B．Their audience. C．The frogs. D．The crickets.
2．What does the underlined word “subtle” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Brilliant. B．Competitive. C．Unforgettable. D．Unnoticeable.
3．How did Keller’s team carry out the research?
A．By observing the singers. B．By studying documents.
C．By doing field research. D．By conducting studies online.4．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．Cooperation or Competition B．Force behind Boy’s Choir
C．Research into the Performance D．Attractive Frogs and Cricket Songs
4.（2024·浙江省台州市高三上学期第一次教学质量评估）
South Baltimore is often thought of as a place to avoid—folks are taught to be careful of it. There was a mass
shooting this past July, and another in early September.
“People think Curtis Bay is a dangerous place. It’s not. It’s just we’re surrounded by dangerous things,” says
Taysia Thompson, 17.
Taysia, is one of the Free Your Voice members, a group of student activists fighting against a very different
kind of danger in their neighborhood: air pollution and climate change. Now, the focus of their movement is the
mountains of coal. Coal releases a fine, black dust small enough to get into people’s lungs. It makes respiratory (呼
吸的) diseases worse, or can even cause disease and premature death. And there are the greenhouse gas emissions
after the coal is burned.
The teens of Free Your Voice are taking on a big opponent: the massive goods transportation company CSX,
which transported more than 8 million tons of coal through South Baltimore in 2021. The goal is to eventually get
the state regulators to deny the permit that CSX needs to operate, or at least require the company to enclose all the
coal, or at the very least put water onto all of it so there’s less dust blowing around.
This past summer, Taysia and three other students spent their time gathering evidence to try and get the coal
pollution out of their neighborhood. They used sticky paper to gather samples of dust from all over the
neighborhood to prove that the dust is from coal. They are also sending dust samples to a scientist in California,
who uses an electron microscope to compare the dust that’s in this neighborhood to samples from the piles of coal
at the terminal in South Baltimore to see if it matches.
The students now have support from their community. But the responses from officials have not been very
satisfying. “Everyone is just breathing the air. And we will keep fighting.” says Taysia.
1．Why do the teens of Free Your Voice take CSX as an opponent?
A．To cure lung diseases. B．To tackle air pollution.
C．To resist mass shootings. D．To cut premature death rate.
2．What do the teens of Free Your Voice hope to achieve?
A．Scientists will examine the dust samples.
B．Officials will refuse CSX the operation permit.C．State regulators will keep fighting against pollution.
D．Locals in Curtis Bay will clear the mountains of coal away.
3．What can be inferred about the teens’ fight?
A．It isn’t all plain sailing. B．It will definitely end in victory.
C．The teens lack solid evidence. D．The teens work on it all by themselves.
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Tourists Avoiding Dangerous South Baltimore
B．Teens Gaining Support in Environmental Protection
C．Student Activists Pushing back against Big Polluter
D．17-year-old Girl Combating Coal Pollution in Neighborhood
5.（2024·河北省保定市高三上学期摸底）
The idea that humans are facing a global extinction of experience of nature is popular, but is it true? To give
more light on this issue, the scientists measured how the average distance from an individual’s home to the nearest
area with low human impact changed in the last decade.
The scientists found that humans currently live 9.7 kilometers away from a natural area on average, which is
7% further away than in the year 2000. Europe and East Asia have the highest average distance to natural areas,
such as 22 kilometers in Germany and 16 kilometers in France. The scientists also showed that tree cover within
cities has declined worldwide since 2000, suggesting that the possibility for the urban population to access green
spaces is reducing as well.
The scientists also systematically searched for scientific publications assessing a trend in experiences of
nature, finding that the number of studies assessing these trends was very low (the number is 18), most of which are
about the US, Europe and Japan. This shows that more studies should investigate the claim about the extinction of
nature experience, especially in Africa and Latin America. The 18 studies found by the scientists show a decline in
visits to nature parks in the US and Japan, a decrease in camping activities in the US, and a decrease in the number
of flower species observed by Japanese children. They also find signs of decline in the use of natural elements in
novels, songs and cartoons.
Despite these examples of decline, other interactions are increasing. Watching wildlife documentaries or
interacting with wild animals in videogames is, for example, more common than a few years ago. “New ways of
digitally interacting with nature have certainly emerged or increased in recent years,” says Dr Gladys Barragan-
Jason. “But several former studies show that these vicarious interactions have a lesser effect on our sense ofconnection with nature than exposure to nature, such as visiting nature parks.”
1．How does the author mainly develop the text?
A．By giving examples and making contrast.
B．By listing data and classifying them.
C．By giving examples and definitions.
D．By analyzing data and making comparison.
2．The scientists showed several signs of decline in .
A．the distance between humans and nature
B．the connection between humans and wild animals
C．reading novels, singing songs and watching cartoons
D．tree cover, visits to nature parks and nature presence in the arts
3．What does the underlined word “vicarious” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Positive. B．Novel. C．Indirect. D．Complex.
4．What can be a suitable title of the text?
A．Global Extinction of Green Spaces. B．Decline in Experiences of Nature.
C．The Lost Joy in the Natural World. D．A New Way of Connecting With Nature.
二、阅读理解之主旨大意---文章大意
1.（2024·黑龙江省佳木斯市三校联考高三第三次调研）
Xiong Linghao was born on May 29th, 2002 in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. She lost her eyesight
because of illness when she was only two months old. But her mother later found that Xiong had a talent for music.
She could play children’s songs on a small electric (电子的) piano when she was 3 years old. At the age of 6, she
started learning the piano.
Unlike most learners, Xiong could not see the piano keyboard (琴键), so she must remember where each key
is through its sound. That was very hard for her. She practiced for six to eight hours every day so that she could find
the right keys.
Xiong’s piano skill was getting better and better as she kept practicing. In 2020, she won the Special Jury Prize
in an international youth piano competition in Shanghai. “The piano is my best friend,” said Xiong. It brings so
much pleasure into my life and encourages me to face my life bravely.”
Xiong has a great dream. She wants to be a great musician like Beethoven. Beethoven lost his hearing in his
20s and later went completely deaf, but he didn’t give up his love for music. He wrote so many famous music
works in his life. So for herself, Xiong still has a long way to go.1．When did Xiong Linghao lose her eyesight?
A．When she was a baby. B．When she was a child.
C．When she was a student. D．When she was an adult.
2．How did Xiong remember the location of each key?
A．She learned from Beethoven.
B．She could see the piano keyboard.
C．She practiced for six to eight hours every day.
D．She listened to each key carefully and remembered it.
3．What can we know from the passage?
A．Beethoven went completely deaf in his 20s.
B．Xiong wrote many famous music works in her life.
C．Most learners remember where each key is through its sound.
D．Xiong should work hard to achieve her dream to be a great musician.
4．What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
A．Better late than never.
B．Strike while the iron (铁) is hot.
C．Actions speak louder than words.
D．God helps those who help themselves.
2.（2024·浙江省县域教研联盟高三上学期12月月考）
Today, being freelancers (自由职业者) is one of the most powerful trends in the way we work. According to a
current study, there are 70.4 million freelancers in the US. By 2028, this number will increase to 90.1 million,
or54% of the workforce, basically divided equally between genders.
It would appear to be solid guidance in today’s modern workforce to tell some one who wants the “3Fs”—
flexibility, fulfillment, and financial independence — to “just go freelance”, right? The large numbers and data
support this direction and suggest that it could be regarded as safe and wise advice.
However, telling someone who is unhappy in their current professional situation to “just go freelance”, is like
telling them to climb Mt Qomolangma without oxygen: 5% of climbers have succeeded, so it can be done, but there
will be hardship and a much higher chance of failure. Just as one should weigh the risks of attempting to climb the
8848.86m mountain without essential supplies, the idea of being freelancers must be truly understood.
The number is increasingly growing, however, actually three quarters of self-described freelancers in the
USare part-time, meaning the vast majority are using freelance work as a side hustle (副业). What’s more, researchshows that 70% of full-time freelancers participated in upskilling training. Besides, more than half (58%) of
freelancers have experienced non-payment from clients, and most do not have retirement plans or affordable health
insurance. Many freelancers fail after the first year as a result of making avoidable mistakes with only a third
making it.
We can’t simply tell people to “just go freelance” unless we also tell them to invest in training and cooperate
with like-minded, supportive communities to strengthen industry rights before they start their journey to the summit
as an individual, but never alone.
1．Which of the following is NOT a benefit as a freelancer?
A．Flexible schedule.
B．Safer environment.
C．Less financial reliance.
D．A sense of achievement.
2．Why does the author mention “Mt Qomolangma” in paragraph3?
A．To indicate a bright future of freelancers.
B．To show the determination of freelancers.
C．To highlight the challenge of reaching the top.
D．To emphasize the importance of weighing risks.
3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the growing number of freelancers?
A．Concerned. B．Supportive. C．Understandable. D．Ambiguous.
4．What’s the main idea of the text?
A．Most of the freelancers meet with failure.
B．Many Americans choose to be freelancers.
C．Being a freelancer is not as easy as imagined.
D．Going freelance brings us a promising future.
3.（2024·浙江省诸暨市高三上学期12月诊断性考试）
As vast fields surrounding Beijing and Shanghai transformed into towering skyscrapers, and old bicycles gave
way to motor vehicles, the essence of music communication remained unchanged over these shifts.
“I’ll never forget that I’ve never seen so many bicycles in my life,” Philadelphia Orchestra violinist Davyd
Booth said, recalling his first tour in China 50 years ago. “Everyone rode a bicycle. There were literally hundreds,
thousands.”
This month, 14 musicians from the Philadelphia Orchestra, including Booth, are returning to China, withperformances scheduled in Beijing, Tianjin, Suzhou and Shanghai. The tour marks the 50th anniversary (周年纪念
日) of their first visit in the 1970s, celebrating the unique friendship between China and the United States. Over the
years, the orchestra (管弦乐团) has strengthened connections across China, with concerts and residencies that
facilitate meaningful people-to-people interactions.
Booth said the 1973 tour was his first international trip with the orchestra. He considered himself lucky to
have been part of the tour. He had just auditioned (试演) and got accepted into the orchestra that year. His official
start date was scheduled after the orchestra’s return from China, but Booth received a call from the personnel
manager informing him that someone had fallen ill. He then took the place and went to China.
“I was incredibly thrilled! Then, after I hung up, I realized I didn’t even have a passport,” Booth said.
However, he got his passport and visa in just three days, thanks to the strong support from both countries. With his
violin in tow. Booth joined the team on the 15-hour flight to China.
In addition to some regular compositions, the Philadelphia Orchestra also played the YellowRiver Concerto,
one of the most popular piano concertos in China even today. The Philadelphia Orchestra cooperated on this
ensemble (合奏) with a Chinese pianist, marking the earliest ties between the US and China in music.
After the concert, the team was hanging around on the streets, Booth said. It was a fun experience even though
people did not know how to talk to locals because of language barriers, he said. “You can communicate a lot by
smiling, and it worked out very, very well,” he added.
1．What is the passage generally about?
A．US artists will give live performances
B．Booth recalled his first visit to China.
C．Great changes have occurred in China.
D．China and the US are living in peace.
2．What do you know from paragraph 3?
A．The orchestra is popular in America.
B．Music performances happen a lot in China.
C．Music communication remains active.
D．Booth has come to China for the 50th time.
3．Booth meant that his getting the chance to come to China in 1973 was just a(an) ________.
A．magic B．mistake C．luxury D．accident
4．What is the role music plays based on the passage?A．It serves to build bridge. B．It stimulates people’s interest.
C．It contributes to equality. D．It removes barriers to harmony.
4.（2024·湖南省名校联考联合体高三上学期第二次联考）
Social scientists have long understood that when people are smart and skilled, they’re likely to gain trust. To
appear more capable — and therefore more trustworthy — many people tend to boast (吹嘘), according to another
longstanding theory that researchers call impression management. But a new paper suggests that the common
method people use to gain trust could have the opposite effect.
“If you consider yourself a highly capable individual, have a good education, are successful in life, then don’t
talk too proudly about it when presenting yourself to others or managing impressions about what you can do,” said
Martin Reimann, the paper’s lead author. “It can backfire, and people might become distrusting.”
“Since impression management is so widespread, we wondered how it impacts the well-known effect of ability
on trust,” Reimann said.
To answer the question, the researchers designed seven online experiments concerning participants’ trust. In
one experiment, for example, participants shopped for a TV in an online marketplace, similar to Amazon, with
third-party vendors (销售商). Customer reviews with star ratings told participants how capable or competent
vendors were, and each vendor’s ad either did or did not include a boastful statement of self-promotion.
Designing seven studies, Reimann said, allowed the researchers to reach more people and explore a range of
variables that might affect someone’s willingness to trust. There were more than 106,000 participants across all
seven studies.
The experiments showed that participants were more likely, unsurprisingly, to trust people or companies that
appeared more capable. But every study also showed that highly capable people or companies were viewed as less
trustworthy if they also boastfully promoted themselves.
“We see trust as a central concept that holds together society,” Reimann added. “If we don’t trust each other,
then a lot of processes could come to a standstill. It’s important to understand what it is in the first place that leads
people to trust each other, and how we can encourage that at different levels of society. That’s what we want to
further uncover.”
1．According to the text, what do many people do by impression management?
A．Make themselves seem more important. B．Remind others that boasting will lose trust.
C．Show what their impression of someone is. D．Prove that they have become more capable.
2．Which of the following in the experiment was connected with boasting?A．A TV. B．Participants. C．Vendors. D．Customer reviews.
3．What will the researchers’ future study focus on?
A．The bad effects of boasting. B．People’s views on boasting.
C．Promotion of trust among people. D．Different levels of trust in society.
4．What is the main idea of the text?
A．People need to be able to trust each other. B．Boasting could make people trust you less.
C．People’s trust depends on how honest you are.D．Being good at your job helps you to gain trust.
5.（2024·广东省江门市高三调研测试）
A computer model created by researchers can detect ChatGPT-generated fake studies with great accuracy, a
new study shows. This implies that although the artificial intelligence(AI)chatbot ChatGPT may be a decent
imitator of human workers in several fields, scientific research is not one of them.
In the new study, published June 7 in the journal Cell Reports Physical Science, researchers created a new
computer learning program to tell the differences between real scientific papers and fake examples written by
ChatGPT. The scientists trained the program to identify key differences between 64 real studies published in the
journal Science and 128 papers created by ChatGPT using the same 64 papers as a prompt.
The team then tested how well their model could distinguish between a group of real papers and ChatGPT-
generated papers, which included 60 real papers from the journal Science and 120 AI-generated papers. The
program marked the AI-written papers more than 99%of the time and could correctly tell the differences between
human-written and chatbot-written paragraphs 92%of the time.
ChatGPT-generated papers differed from human text in four key ways: paragraph complexity, sentence-level
diversity in length, punctuation marks and “popular words”. For example, human authors write longer and more
complex paragraphs, while the AI papers used punctuation that is not found in real papers, such as exclamation
marks.
Creating computer programs to tell real papers from AI-generated ones is important because previous studies
have hinted that humans may not be as good at spotting the differences and AI is still capable of fooling some
humans with its science writing.
The researchers of the new study say they are pleased that their program is effective at weeding out fake
papers but warn it is only a proof of concept. Much more wide-scale studies are needed to create better models that
are even more reliable and can be trained to specific scientific disciplines to maintain the integrity of the scientific
method.1．Which of the following statements may be true according to the passage?
A．Paragraphs created by ChatGPT are shorter and easier.
B．Every human behaviour can be imitated by ChatGPT.
C．AI-generated papers can be correctly recognized by humans.
D．Humans are better at telling real papers from AI-generated ones.
2．What does the figures in Para.3 indicate?
A．The complexity of the test.
B．The importance of AI-generated papers.
C．The effectiveness of the computer model.
D．A perfect match between AI-generated papers and real papers.
3．What may be the the researchers’ attitudes towards the computer program?
A．Favorable. B．Pessimistic. C．Skeptical. D．Cautious.
4．What does the author mainly talk about in the text?
A．The application of ChatGPT in paper writing.
B．A computer program to identify.AI-generated papers.
C．The difference between AI-generated papers and real papers.
D．Possibility for ChatGPT to create convincing scientific papers.
三、阅读理解之主旨大意---段落大意
1.（2024·浙江省台州市高三上学期第一次教学质量评估节选）
The company worked hard to make the system simple to put in place and easy to run. A wooden walkway
allows wheelchair users to reach the Seatrac. The system is solar powered and can continue to run even if the
electricity goes out. The Scatrac system can easily be packed up and stored when swimming season ends.
30．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The advantages of the Seatrac system. B．The success of the TOBEA company.
C．The efforts of the TOBEA company. D．The application of the Seatrac system.
2.（2024·浙江省Z20名校联盟高三上学期第二次联考）
Amazon recently announced its latest launch, a robot called Astro. Small in size, but with impressive
technology, Astro is seemingly similar to Amazon’s popular virtual assistant. With all the same capabilities as
Alexa, many critics are asking why there’s a need for Astro.
Answering this question, Amazon’s Vice-President of Products, Charlie Tritschler, highlights some unique
features of Astro that make it a different kind of robot. Astro can move on its own and follow people, offeringconsumers a far broader range of options. Besides, it can monitor home security. Astro uses Artificial Intelligence to
learn more about household members by interacting with users. Users can also register themselves and others into
its recognition system. When they leave home, they can make an away mode, which means “Sentry (哨兵) Mode”,
or “Patrol Mode” start working. If someone who is not recognized enters the house, Astro will follow and record
them. Astro’s mobility seems to be the key feature in its technological enhancement, but what appeals to people
most is its “unique persona”. Its big, circular, blinking “eyes” displayed on its screen-like head making it look
rather cute are a big reason for this.
Years of research show that humans often experience positive emotional connections with robots. According to
MIT’s technology review of Astro, it may not fall far from this observation. People have come to love robotic pets,
though they are fully aware that the pets are lifeless. Robots at home can play a useful role in helping elderly
patients fight loneliness or young children face social anxiety.
Amazon is offering people interested in Astro the chance to sign up for Day 1 Editions, a program giving
invitations to Astro as soon as it goes on the market later this year. Tritschler is encouraging people to personalize
the robot when it becomes available, and he is confident that users will come up with more ideas and features they
will want to see in the robot in the near future to make it even better.
1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about?
A．The convenient operation of Astro. B．The essential functions of Astro.
C．The increasing popularity of Astro. D．The distinctive capabilities of Astro.
2．Which aspect of Astro attracts people most?
A．Its recognition system. B．Its ability to move on its own.
C．Its adorable appearance. D．Its ability to monitor home security.
3．What is Tritschler’s attitude to the future of Astro?
A．Critical. B．Positive. C．Uncertain. D．Doubtful.
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．Astro: A Robot Assistant B．The New Revolution of AI
C．Astro: An Emotional Relief D．The Great Potential of Robots
3.（2024·浙江省稽阳联谊学校高三上学期11月联考 阅读理解B节选）
Debate tests the teenage character perhaps more than any other activity. The shy and the unsure often have no
desire to look up from their screens and engage in the oldest human interaction: persuasive oral arguments. It’s
dreadful territory for the average teenager. Research, writing, delivering a speech in front of your peers, it allsounds like the kind of class students would be most likely to skip. But Anna draws them in.
4.（2024·河北省邢台市质检联盟高三上学期10月期中阅读理解B节选）
Wall painting is part of Tom’s output. He has created a wall painting for Electric Picnic, along with four other
artists invited to take part in this commission. His wall painting has a special theme, portrayed by doves (鸽子). As
well as his anti-war standpoint, he is doing something meaningful. Tom is a founding member of a tree planting
project called Trees Please. The group has distributed 10, 000 trees in about four years across Ireland.
5．What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Tom?
A．His sense of humor and creativity. B．His effort to protect plants and animals.
C．His advice on painting and planting trees. D．His passion for peace and the environment.
5.（2024·河北省邢台市质检联盟高三上学期 10月期中）Nash equilibrium helps a player determine the
best payoff in a situation based on not only their decisions but also the decisions of other parties involved. It can
also be used in many aspects of life, from economics to social behavioral sciences, from business strategies to a
house sale and so on.
What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Nash equilibrium?
A．Its elements. B．Its applications. C．Its drawbacks. D．Its backgrounds.
高考真题
1.2022年全国甲卷之C篇
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅)
longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni
would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a
professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and
her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually
getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute
cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South
American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t
nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towardsAntarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an
impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just
rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the
operatic sounds it was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit
home to Ginni.
28. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
29. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica?
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend’s invitation.
30. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey?
A. It could be a home for her. B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
31. What is the text mainly about?
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
2.C【2021·全国新高考II卷】
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash
to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom
revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the
arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-
coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School, her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've
seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and
their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact
with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake tosee the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not
just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.
What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our
visionary sense of freshness,that has been our strength for centuries."
8．What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
A．Make a movie. B．Build new schools.
C．Run a project. D．Help local musicians.
9．What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?
A．It is particularly difficult. B．It increases artists' income.
C．It opens children's mind. D．It deserves greater attention.
10．What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
A．Moral principles. B．Interpersonal skills.
C．Creative abilities. D．Positive worldviews.
11．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Bring Artists to Schools B．When Historians Meet Artists
C．Arts Education in Britain D．The World's Best Arts Teacher
3.D【2021·英语全国甲卷】
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want
to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more
intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this
is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to
the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different
color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say
that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that
belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our
planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know theanswer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes
of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender,
race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with
“intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．Geniuses Think Alike B．Genius Takes Many Forms
C．Genius and Intelligence D．Genius and Luck
4.C【2021·全国新高考I卷】
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an
astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.
Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of
these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly
ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation
took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their
survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal
Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from
Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of
Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to
purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures
this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars
has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp
Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
31．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
5.C【2021·全国高考乙卷】You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean
ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong
wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine
their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic
waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the
sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of
plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and,
because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork
likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take
centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a
truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of
volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been
dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
6.2022年全国甲卷之C篇
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-
recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved
skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut
inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently
shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another
year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that ashape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In
the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition
alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that
Goffin’s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to
two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual
clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
24. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment?
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
25. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text?
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
26. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos?
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
7.2022年全国乙卷之C篇
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time,
help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in
the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施)
worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing
to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks
and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time
performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is
calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, includingsending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work
that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’ efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting
faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail
don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They
will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with
advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see
ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
28. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
29. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
30. What function is expected of the rail drones?
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
31. Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
8.2022年1月浙江卷之C篇
The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list.
New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to
develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.
Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said: "These findings are
exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管 的）fitness in middle age could
delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "
For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted tomeasure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103
watts.
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were
in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80
watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other
cardiovascular problems.
These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of
the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent
of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only
shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of
dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a
relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be
applicable to other groups.
7. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. Positive effects of doing exercises.
B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.
C. Experimental studies on diseases.
D. Advantages of sporty woman over man
8. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?
A. To predict their maximum heart rate.
B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity
C. To change their habits of working out
D. To detect their potential health problems
9. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?
A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.
B. Data collection was a lengthy process.
C. Some participants withdrew from it.
D. The results were far from satisfactory.
10. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent DementiaB. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise
C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia
D. Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness
9.2021年新高考I卷之C篇
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an
astonishing variety of wildlife. Native Americans had taken care of these precious natural resources wisely.
Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of
these resources. Millions of waterfowl ( 水 禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly
ambitious sportsmen. Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations,
greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.
In 1934, with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act (Act), an increasingly concerned nation
took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory ( 迁徙的) waterfowl and the wetlands so vital to their
survival. Under this Act, all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must annually purchase and carry a Federal
Duck Stamp. The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N. “Ding” Darling, a political cartoonist from
Des Moines, lowa, who at that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of
Biological Survey. Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to
purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System — a fact that ensures
this land will be protected and available for all generations to come. Since 1934, better than half a billion dollars
has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5 million acres of habitat. Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp
Program has been called one of the most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
28. What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A. Loss of wetlands. B. Popularity of water sports.
C. Pollution of rivers. D. Arrival of other wild animals.
29. What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A. Acquire. B. Export.
C. Destroy. D. Distribute.
30. What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A. The stamp price has gone down. B. The migratory birds have flown away.
C. The hunters have stopped hunting. D. The government has collected money.31. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. The Federal Duck Stamp Story B. The National Wildlife Refuge System
C. The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl D. The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
10.2021年全国甲卷之D篇
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want
to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more
intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this
is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to
the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different
color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say
that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that
belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our
planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the
answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes
of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender,
race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with
“intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective. D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
.
C They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.B. Less discrimination against women.
C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck
11.2021年全国乙卷之C篇
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean
ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong
wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine
their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic
waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the
sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of
plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and,
because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork
likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take
centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a
truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of
volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been
dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.
28. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?
A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?
A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.
30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?
A. Calming. B. Disturbing.
C. Refreshing. D. Challenging.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
12.2021年新高考II卷之C篇
A British woman who won a S1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash
to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.
Andria Zafirakou,a north London secondary school teacher, said she wanted to bring about a classroom
revolution (变革). “We are going to make a change, ”she said.“I’ve started a project to promote the teaching of the
arts in our schools.”
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort - whether an up-and-
coming local musician or a major movie star - into schools to work with and inspire children.
,
Zafirakou began the project at Alperton Community School her place of work for the past twelve years. “I've
seen those magic moments when children are talking to someone they are inspired by - their eyes are shining and
their faces light up,” she said. “We need artists . more than ever in our schools."
Artist Michael Craig-Martin said: “Andria's brilliant project to bring artists from all fields into direct contact
with children is particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being downgraded in schools." It was a mistake to
see the arts as unnecessary, he added.
Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the project. He said that arts education in schools was not
just an add-on. “It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity and creativity depends on the young.
What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our
visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries."
8. What will Zafirakou do with her prize money?
A. Make a movie. B. Build new schools.
C. Run a project. D. Help local musicians.
9. What does Craig-Martin think of the teaching of the arts in UK schools?A. It is particularly difficult. B. It increases artists' income.
C. It opens children's mind. D. It deserves greater attention.
10. What should be stressed in school education according to Schama?
A. Moral principles. B. Interpersonal skills.
C. Creative abilities. D. Positive worldviews.
11. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Bring Artists to Schools B. When Historians Meet Artists
C. Arts Education in Britain D. The World's Best Arts Teacher
13.2021年6月浙江卷
We live in a town with three beaches. There are two parts less than 10 minutes’ walk from home where
neighborhood children gather to play. However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen — any
screen — and stare at it for hours. They are not alone. Today's children spend an average of four and a half hours a
day looking at screens, split between watching television and using the Internet.
In the past few years, an increasing number of people and organisations have begun coming up with plans to
counter this trend. A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realised that his children, then aged five and three,
were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say “chocolate” into his three-year-old son’s ear without
getting a response. He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed
himself “marketing director from Nature”. He documented his journey as he set about treating nature as a brand to
be marketed to young people. The result was Project Wild Thing, a film which charts the birth of the World
Network, a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature.
“Just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference,” David Bond says. “There is a lot of really interesting
evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will
be on habit for life.” His own children have got into the habit of playing outside now: “We just send them out into
the garden and tell them not to come back in for a while.”
Summer is upon us. There is an amazing world out there, and it needs our children as much as they need it. Let
us get them out and let them play.
4. What is the problem with the author’s children?
A. They often annoy their neighbours. B. They are tired of doing their homework.
C. They have no friends to play with D. They stay in front of screens for too long.
5. How did David Bond advocate his idea?
A. By making a documentary film. B. By organizing outdoor activities.C. By advertising in London media. D. By creating a network of friends.
6. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “charts” in paragraph 2?
A. records B. predicts C. delays D. confirms
7. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Let Children Have Fun B. Young Children Need More Free Time
C. Market Nature to Children D. David Bond: A Role Model for Children
15.2021年1月浙江卷之C篇
Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to
communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a "vocabulary" of 66
gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more
than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to
be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they
deliberately sent a message to another group member.
"That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures," she said. "They're the only thing that looks like human
language in that respect. ”
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from
another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This
was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one
case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling:" Climb on me. " The youngster immediately jumps
on to its mothers back and they travel off together. "The big message from this study is that there is another species
(物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans," said Dr Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was
praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results
were "a little disappointing".
"The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are
still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions," she said. "Moreover, the meanings
seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. "
44．What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A．Memorizing specific words. B．Understanding complex information.
C．Using voices to communicate. D．Communicating messages on purpose.
45．What did Dr Shultz think of the study?
A．It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B．It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C．It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D．It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
46．What does the underlined word "gulf" in the last paragraph mean?
A．Difference. B．Conflict. C．Balance. D．Connection.
47．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B．Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C．Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D．Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated
16.2020年全国II卷之D篇
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an
enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while
other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did
everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had
several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go
to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It
was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library
lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when
they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that
helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 thinkall writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share
library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
34. What does the author call on other writers to do?
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
17.2020年新课标Ⅰ卷之D篇
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have
found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the
city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces
were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the
actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants
that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful
chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things
that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables.
Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth
of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the
rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a
one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂
switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed
from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of
energy is lost during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. To detect plants’ lack of water
B. To change compositions of plants
C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
18.2020年新课标ⅠI卷之D篇
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an
enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while
other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did
everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had
several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go
to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It
was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library
lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when
they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that
helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think
all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share
library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
34. What does the author call on other writers to do?
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
19.2020年新课标ⅠII卷之D篇
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists lookdeeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.
People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and
northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to
air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers.
The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the
Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts (支柱)
in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii
researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as
divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than
us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the
Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the
task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo.
She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B. New knowledge of human evolution.
C. Recent findings of human origin. D. Significance of food selection.
33. Where do the Bajau build their houses?
A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast.
34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.
C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B. Highlanders’ Survival Skills
C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research D. The World’s Best Divers
20.2020年6月浙江卷之C篇
Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help
your brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1, 000 retired workers who wereover age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, for eight
years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.
Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激), demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on
the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive(认知) function at a much slower rate than those with the least mentally
challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants’ overall health status.
“This works just like physical exercise, ” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may
feel like you’re in pain, you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work-sure, you will feel tired,
but it can help your brain stay healthy. ”
It's not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiter’s job,
for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and decision-making could be just as stimulating as any high-
level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating(协调), ” she
says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries. ”
Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons-including other environmental
influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only
help.
28. Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?
A. To assess their health status. B. To evaluate their work habits.
C. To analyze their personality. D. To measure their mental ability.
29. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?
A. By using an expert’s words. B. By making a comparison.
C. By referring to another study. D. By introducing a concept.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills
B. Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs
C. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp
D. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age
21.2020年1月浙江卷之C篇
Today's world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. Key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a
characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University
discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 Americanfamilies over several years. And over time，the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in
school.
"There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers，"Padilla-Walker said. "This research
also helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence-which can be taught-are key to a child's life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an "authoritative" parenting style. Authoritative parenting is
not authoritarian:rigid，demanding or controlling. Rather，an authoritative parenting style includes some of the
following characteristics:children feel warmth and love from their father；responsibility and the reasons behind
rules are stressed children are given an appropriate level of autonomy(自主权).
In the study，about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key
finding is that over time，children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop
persistence，which leads to better outcomes in school.
This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that
single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence，which is an avenue of future research.
27. What is special about the BYU professors' study?
A. It centered on fathers' role in parenting.
B. It was based on a number of large families.
C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D. It aimed to improve kids' achievement in school.
28. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them.
C. Control their behaviors. D. Explain the rules to them.
29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A. Single parents.
B. Children aged from 11 to 14.
C. Authoritarian fathers.
D. Mothers in two-parent homes.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers.
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future.
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father.
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance.22.D【2020·全国I】
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have
found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the
city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces
were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the
actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants
that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful
chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things
that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables.
Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth
of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the
rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a
one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂
switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed
from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of
energy is lost during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.316
32．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．A new study of different plants.
B．A big fall in crime rates.
C．Employees from various workplaces.
D．Benefits from green plants.
23. B【2020·全国新课标III】
When "Rise of the Planet of the Apes" was first shown to the public last month, a group of excited animal
activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-wearing film
stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers:"Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!"
The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals,
spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance and later processes it with
computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet "Apes" is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One
nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more
than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part
Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated
properly.
In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s
the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made
outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the Sates.241
25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The cost of making "Apes."
B. The creation of digitalized apes.
C. The publicity about “Apes."
D. The performance of real apes.
24.D【2022·新高考I卷】
Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of
some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-
year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the
world’s languages.
More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f”
and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by
Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.
They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it
hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws
changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.
The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic
period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn’t have to do as much work and so didn’t growto be so large.
Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world
languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand
years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.
This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings
evolved around 300,000 years ago. ”The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the
appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a
complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the
research team.
12. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasi’s research focus on?
A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.
13. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?
A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.
B. They could not open and close their lips easily.
C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.
D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.
14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A. Supporting evidence for the research results.
B. Potential application of the research findings.
C. A further explanation of the research methods.
D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.
15. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?
A. It is key to effective communication.
B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.
C. It is a complex and dynamic system.
D. It drives the evolution of human beings.
25.D【2022·全国甲卷】
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor.
Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb
beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the wholemorning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went
our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not
fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are
increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,
Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she
said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that
we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a
thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me.
“What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the
Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a
drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
33. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
34. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
35. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.26.2021年全国乙卷之B篇
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a
landline（座机）?
These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile
phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls
anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only
on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third
concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it
while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor
（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby
Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do
with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone
rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever
ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling
before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk
deliveries?
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?
A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity.
C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design.
25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue.
C. Remember. D. Remark.
26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family.
27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall out of use some day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as important as the gas light.
27.2021年6月浙江卷之C篇
If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto
something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between happy and angry human faces, according to a new
study
Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images(图像)of the same person making either
a happy or an angry face. During the training stage, each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the
person's face. The researchers then tested the dogs' ability to distinguish between human facial expressions by
showing them the other half of the person's face on images totally different from the ones used in training. The
researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses
more often than one would expect by random chance.
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply what they learned about human faces during
training to new faces in the testing stage. "We can rule out that the dogs simply distinguish between the pictures
based on a simple cue, such as the sight of teeth," said study author Corsin Muller. "Instead, our results suggest that
the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes, and the same rule applies
to an angry mouth having the same meaning as angry eyes."
"With our study, we think we can now confidently conclude that at least some dogs can distinguish human
facial expressions," Muller told Live Science.
At this point, it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped with the ability to recognize different facial
expressions in humans. "To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis lies in their living with
humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions," and this exposure has provided them
with many chances to learn to distinguish between them, Muller said.
8. The new study focused on whether dogs can_________.
A. distinguish shapes B. make sense of human faces
C. feel happy or angry D. communicate with each other
9. What can we learn about the study from paragraph 2?
A. Researchers tested the dogs in random order.B. Diverse methods were adopted during training.
C. Pictures used in the two stages were different
D. The dogs were photographed before the lest.
10. What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. A suggestion for future studies. B. A possible reason for the study findings.
C. A major limitation of the study D. An explanation of the research method.
28.2020年新课标Ⅰ卷之D篇
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have
found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example, discovered that greener areas of the
city experienced less crime. In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces
were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further changing the
actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions. These include plants
that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful
chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things
that we use every day,＂explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow(发光)in experiments using some common vegetables.
Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light，about one-thousandth
of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the
rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a
one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off＂
switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed
from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of
energy is lost during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer?
A. To detect plants’ lack of water
B. To change compositions of plants
C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Can we grow more glowing plants?
B. How do we live with glowing plants?
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps?
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free?
