文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．fortune cookie幸运曲奇
2．gumbo n．秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)
3．nachos n．[pl.]墨西哥玉米片
4．chip n．(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片
5．cheese n．干酪；奶酪
6．spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的
7．ethnic adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
8．graffiti n．[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画
9．comic n．连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的
10．immigrant n．(外来)移民；外侨
11．china n．瓷；瓷器
12．jazz n．爵士乐
13．bar n．酒吧；小吃店；小馆子
14．diagram n．简图；图解；图表；示意图
15．Atlantic adj.大西洋的
16．jeans n．牛仔裤
17．boot n．靴子
18．mushroom n．蘑菇；蕈
19．accessory n．配饰；附件；配件
20．souvenir n．纪念物；纪念品
21．tai chi 太极拳
22．herbal adj.药草的；香草的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．definitely adv.肯定；确实
2．downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心3．mission n．传教(区)；重要任务；使命
4．district n．地区；区域
5．afterwards(NAmE usually afterward) adv.以后；后来
6．seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
7．journal n．日志；日记；报纸；刊物
8．claim vt.& n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言
9．series n．一系列；连续；接连
10．escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱
11．super adv.特别；格外 adj.顶好的；超级的
12．percentage n．百分率；百分比
13．climate n．气候
14．mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
15．material n．材料；布料；素材 adj.物质的；实际的
16．clothing n．衣服；服装
17．item n．项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)
18．neat adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．diverse adj.不同的；多种多样的→diversity n．差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性
2．fortune n．机会；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately
adv.不幸地
3．admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)→admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费
4．occur vi.发生；出现→occurrence n．发生；发生的事
5．historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.有历史意义的；历史性的
6．earn vt.& vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得→earning n．收入；收益
7．select vt.选择；挑选；选拔→selection n．选择；挑选→selective adj.选择性的；有选择
的
8．minority n．少数民族；少数派；少数人→minor adj.次要的；较小的
9．financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financially adv.金融上地；财政上地→finance
n．财政；金融
10．poetry n．诗集；诗歌；诗作→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗歌
11．poisonous adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的→poison n．毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒
死；毒害
12．fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平→unfold vt.打开；展开
13．collection n．作品集；收集物；收藏品→collect vt.搜集；收藏
14．settle vt.& vi.定居；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷)→settlement n．解决；定居→settler n．殖民者；移居者
15．construction n．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建设；建造
16．suit vt.适合；满足……需要；相配；合身 n．西服；套装→suitable adj.合适的；适当
的→suitably adv.合适地
17．contain vt.包含；含有；容纳→container n．容器
1．proverb /'prɒvɜːb/ n．谚语；格言
2．fulfilling /fʊl'fIlIŋ/ adj.让人感觉有意义的；令人满足的→fulfil /fʊl'fIl/ vt.实现；履行；符
合
3．potent /'pəʊtnt/ adj.强大的；强有力的；有强效的
4．idleness /'aIdlnəs/ n．闲散状态→idle /'aIdl/ adj.闲散的 vt.& vi.混时间；闲荡
5．disheartening /dIs'hɑːtnIŋ/ adj.令人沮丧的
6．nonetheless /ˌnʌnðə'les/ adv.(also none the less)尽管如此
7．seminar /'semInɑː(r)/ n．研讨课；研讨会
8．stem /stem/ vt.阻止；封堵；遏止 n．(花草的)茎；(花或叶的)梗
9．confess /kən'fes/ vi.& vt.承认；坦白；供认
10．divorce /dI'vɔːs/ vi.& vt.离婚；使分离 n．离婚；分离
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
2．seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
3．earn a living谋生
4．series of一系列或一连串(事件)
5．apart from (especially NAmE aside from)除了……外(还)；此外
6．bring about导致；引起
7．to name but a few仅举几例
8．(at) first hand第一手；亲自
9．used to do sth 过去常常做某事
10．turn into变成
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in
1906.(what引导的感叹句)
多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
2．There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills...(独立主格结构)
这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅……
3．To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.(不定式作目的状语)
为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店、开餐馆。4．The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from
different countries and cultures.(how引导的宾语从句)
这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。
5．What started as a residential area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for
Chinese culture.(what引导的主语从句)
这里原本是中国移民的居住地，后来变成一个中华文化中心。
6．The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese，many of whom do not speak
English fluently.(“代词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)
唐人街的绝大多数居民依旧是华人，他们中很多人英语说得并不流利。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．cheese n．干酪；奶酪
2．spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的
3．souvenir n．纪念物；纪念品
4．herbal adj.药草的；香草的
5．diagram n．简图；图解；图表；示意图
6．accessory n．配饰；附件；配件
7．ethnic adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
8．comic n．连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的
9．immigrant n． ( 外来 ) 移民；外侨
10．graffiti n．[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．definitely adv.肯定；确实
2．downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心
3．item n．项目；一件商品(或物品)；一条(新闻)
4．neat adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的
5．seek vt.& vi.(sought，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
6．mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
7．claim vt.& n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言
8．escape vi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共16分)
1．occur vi.发生；出现→occurrence n．发生；发生的事
2．historical adj.(有关)历史的→history n．历史→historic adj.有历史意义的；历史性的3．admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)→admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费
4．minority n．少数民族；少数派；少数人→minor adj.次要的；较小的
5．financial adj.财政的；财务的；金融的→financially adv.金融上地；财政上地→finance
n．财政；金融
6．poisonous adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的→poison n．毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒死；
毒害
7．fold vt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.(可)折小；(可)叠平→unfold vt.打开；展开
8．construction n．建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的)结构→construct vt.建设；建造
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．idleness n．闲散状态
2．disheartening adj.令人沮丧的
3．confess vi.& vt.承认；坦白；供认
4．fulfil vt.实现；履行；符合
5．divorce vi.& vt.离婚；使分离 n．离婚；分离
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．(at) first hand 第一手；亲自
2． seek one ’ s fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
3．series of 一系列或一连串(事件)
4．bring about 导致；引起
5．to name but a few 仅举几例
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)
1．There are diverse cultures in our country，but it’s the diversity that makes our motherland
wonderful.(diverse)
2．He intended to make a fortune in a big city and fortunately，he successfully got a
job.Meanwhile，he was fortunate to find a good friend.But unfortunately，he lost his job one
year later.(fortune)
3．He admitted that he was admitted into a financial school，but he hadn’t received the letter
of admission.(admit)
4．The shop offers various goods for selection and the owner is willing to see the customers
selecting what they like freely.(select)
5．The famous poet has written many wonderful poems.(poet)
6．He loves collecting stamps and he often shows off his collections in front of others.(collect)
7．With the problems settled，they finally reached a new settlement.(settle)
8．The container is very heavy and it contains a great deal of oil.(contain)9．He earns three thousand dollars and gives most of his earnings to his wife.(earn)
10．I don’t have anything suitable to wear for the party，so I must buy an evening dress that
suits me perfectly.(suit)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共12分)
1．The Internet is a technological wonder，bringing about great changes in all aspects of our
lives.
2．After experiencing so many challenges，he has turned into a determined and strong-willed
young man.
3．I used to be a very self-centered person，but in the past two years I have really changed.
4．After the fierce football competition，all the excited fans headed to the exit and went home.
5．Apart from being the kingdom of flowers，Yunnan Province is home to many ethnic minority
groups.
6．The teenager supposed that he was capable of earning a living by himself rather than living
with his parents.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．主题为“自律”的调查多么有意义、多么重要呀！(what引导的感叹句)
What a meaningful and important research with a theme as “self-discipline”！
2．为了更好地了解中国的过去和现在，我们可以观看那些有关中国的纪录片。(不定式作目
的状语)
To better know China ’ s past and present ，we can enjoy those documentaries about China.
3．她在书中描写了她是如何适应大学生活的。(how引导的宾语从句)
She wrote about how she adapted to the college life in the book.
4．使我感到宽慰的是，我终于按时完成了任务。(what引导的主语从句)
What made me relieved was that I finally finished the task on time.
5．这位女士挑选了很多衣服，都很适合她。(“代词/名词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从
句)
The lady selected many clothes，all of which suited her well.
I had always been attracted to ethnic cultures.So 1.wearing(wear) my jeans and boots，I
went to Dali，Yunnan Province，which is 2.a district of diverse minorities and has a mild
climate.It would be a 3.definitely(definite) super experience.In fact，at first，I thought there
would be a large percentage of constructions 4.made(make) of primitive materials due to
financial difficulty.However，it turned out that the downtown area contained neat bars in
which jazz was played and shops 5.where special clothing，accessories，souvenirs and
china ， to name but a few were for sale.Tourists can always select what suits them6.best(well)．Many people are migrants from other places.Some come 7.to seek(seek) their
fortune or earn a living while others settle down to escape from the cold north of
China.Afterwards，I headed to a neighborhood where the Bai ethnic group lived.I had the
fortune to participate in a series of 8.activities(activity) ， including identifying poisonous
mushrooms，learning about herbal medicine,9.and collecting items unique to the Bai.Apart
from these，I tasted some authentic local foods which were specially spicy but delicious.What an
10.amazing(amaze) experience it was!
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运 [fortunate adj.幸运的(＝lucky)
fortunately adv.幸运地(＝luckily) misfortune n．不幸 unfortunate adj.不幸的]
·seek/try one’s fortune找出路；碰运气
make a fortune发财；赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
·be fortunate to do sth/in doing sth 有幸做某事
(1)Many immigrants headed to California to seek their fortune(fortunate) but ended up doing
diverse odd jobs to earn a living.
(2)他决定到市区去碰碰运气，看看能不能发财。他有幸得到了市长的帮助，并且幸运地成
功开办了自己的公司。
He decided to seek/try his fortune downtown to see if/whether he could make a fortune.He had
the good fortune to/was fortunate to get the help of the mayor and successfully started his own
business fortunately/luckily.
admit vi.& vt.承认 vt.准许进入(或加入) (admission n．准许进入；承认；入场费)
be admitted into/to被……录取；被……接收
admit doing sth/having done sth 承认做过某事
admit sb/sth to be＋adj./n.承认某人/某物(事)为……
(1)It is said that admission(admit) to the concert is ￡ 5 and as a result，I determine to enjoy it.
(2)The boy admitted cheating/having cheated(cheat) in the examination and sincerely apologized
to his teacher.
→The boy admitted that he had cheated in the examination and sincerely apologized/made a
sincere apology to his teacher.
(3)只有达到特定标准的人才可以参加奥运会。
Only those who have reached the specific standard can be admitted to be the competitors in theOlympics.
(4)得知你已被北京大学录取，我写信真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信)
Learning that you have been admitted into/to Peking University，I am writing to offer sincere
congratulations to you.
escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃走；泄漏；避开；被忘掉 n．逃跑；逃脱；解脱 (escaped adj.
逃跑了的)
·escape from从……逃脱，从……逃跑
escape doing sth 避开做某事
·have a narrow escape死里逃生
(1)It was claimed that a prisoner had escaped from the prison，which shocked the public.
(2)You are fortunate enough to escape being killed(kill) in the accident and the escaped(escape)
driver has been arrested.
(3)最后，我们九死一生，幸运地躲过了饥饿的北极熊的伤害。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
At last ， we had a narrow escape ， fortunately escaping being hurt by the hungry polar bear.
(4)这个女孩看起来很面熟，但不知怎么的，我忘了她的名字。
The girl looks quite familiar，but her name escapes me somehow.
settle vi.定居；安家 vt.使定居；(使)平静下来；结束(争论)；解决(纠纷) (settlement n．
定居；协议；解决settler n．移居者；殖民者)
settle down (使)安定；安居；平静下来；舒适地坐下/躺下
settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应
settle down to (doing) sth 开始认真(做)某事
(1)The moment the settlers(settle) landed on the continent，they settled down to earning(earn)
their living in diverse ways.
(2)我很荣幸看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。(2023·新课标Ⅱ)
It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their
new home.
(3)他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人惊叹的景象。(读后续写之
动作链描写)
They dashed out of the car，put up the tent and settled down on the grass，enjoying the
surrounding breathtaking sights.
bring about引起；导致bring up抚养；培养；教育；提出；呕吐
bring in引进；获利；赚钱
bring out出版；使显现
bring down使倒下；减少；降低
bring back把……带回来；使回忆起；使恢复
用bring短语的正确形式填空
(1)I don’t clearly remember who brought up the question but remember it definitely brought
about a heated discussion.
(2)The reason why diverse goods are sold at such a low price is that the manufacturers are willing
to bring down the price in return for big volume purchases.
(3)The picture often brings back to me series of happy memories of my high school days.
(4)The idea he brought up two months ago has brought in a lot more money for the bar.
(5)As a teacher，I have the good fortune to bring out the best in my students.
独立主格结构 There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big
hills...这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅……
·句中many sitting on top of big hills是独立主格结构，可表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、
条件或伴随情况等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。
·独立主格结构的构成：n./pron.＋v.-ing/v.-ed/to do/adj./adv./n./介词短语
(1)我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。(读后续写之心理描写)
I looked at my father nervously，my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly.
(2)心中有梦想，我坚信你会成功的。
Dreams in mind，I am firmly convinced that you will make it in the end.
(3)她抬起头，悲伤地盯着我，眼泪夺眶而出。(读后续写之动作描写)
She raised her head and stared at me sorrowfully，tears welling up in her eyes.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．settle
(1)I tried to settle the crying baby down，but in vain. D
(2)The disagreement was so sharp that neither he nor I knew how to settle it.(2022·全国甲) B
(3)With no one living in it for weeks，dust has settled on everything in the house. E(4)Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.(2021·全国甲) A
(5)It’s all settled—we’re leaving on the nine o’clock plane. C
2．claim
(1)Heart disease is the biggest killer，claiming 180,000 lives per year. E
(2)It is claimed that some doctors are working 80 hours a week. A
(3)You can claim your money back if the goods are damaged. B
(4)He repeatedly pushed forward his own claim. C
(5)If the owner doesn’t claim the dog in 48 hours，you can apply for adoption. D
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)My father could hardly contain his pride in me.控制；抑制
(2)It is no surprising that he earned praise for his honesty.赢得；博得
(3)It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.(2022·浙江6月)满足需要
(4)The media training industry has mushroomed over the past decade.迅速成长；大量涌现
(5)Learning that our school tennis club is admitting new members，I can hardly wait to invite
you to join.招纳；招收
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．When it comes to a chain of learning methods，I must make a proper selection(select)．
2．Jim was bitten by a dog in the park.Fortunately(fortune)，he only got slightly injured.
3 ． My colleague admitted complaining/having complained(complain) a great deal about
income.
4．The kindness of the family brought back my faith in humanity and I would try to bring warmth
to others in the future.(读后续写之主旨升华)
5．I bought a collection(collect) of first aid books，which completely suited my taste.
6．The physician wanted to escape taking(take) responsibility for the medical malpractice.
7.Therefore，apart from being(be) fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
8．Your jeans are not suitable(suit) for such a formal occasion，so you’d better replace it with a
suit.
9．The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and
integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems，preserving biological diversity(diverse) and protecting
ecological buffer zones”．(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
10．It suddenly occurred to me that I had missed the appointed time.
2022·浙江1月假定你是李华，在“中国－爱尔兰文化节”活动中结识了爱尔兰朋友Chris，现在他已
回国，请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.回忆活动经历；
2.分享个人收获；
3.希望保持联系。
完成句子
1．为促进两国文化交流，上月在我市举办了“中国－爱尔兰文化节”。(不定式作目的状
语)
2．两国的一些学生代表出席了艺术节，其中许多人是第一次参加这样的活动。(全部倒装；
“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
3．这个节日非常成功，学生代表们游览了城市，进行了精彩的表演，并交换了意见。(独立
主格结构)
4．给我印象最深的是文化之夜，来自两国的人们展示了他们精心准备的艺术表演。(what引
导主语从句)
5．幸运的是，我们在活动中认识了对方，愿我们保持联系，友谊长存。(It is fortunate
that...)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Chris，
How is everything going? Though it’s long since we met at the China-Ireland Culture
Festival，our acquaintance there and the festival itself stay fresh in my memory.
To promote cultural exchange between the two countries，the China-Ireland Culture Festival
was held in our city last month.Present at the festival were some student representatives of both
countries，many of whom took part in such activities for the first time.The festival being so
successful，student representatives travelled around the city，gave amazing performances and
exchanged ideas，helping me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two dynamic
cultures.What impressed me most was the Culture Night，where people from both countriespresented their well-prepared art performances.
It is fortunate that we made acquaintance with each other in the event and may we keep in
touch and our friendship be everlasting.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
[情感描写] fortune n．→fortunate adj.→unfortunate adj.；mild；feel good；
excited；super；cool；sounds great
亮
[动作描写] admit；occur；head to；seek；earn a living；select；claim；escape；
词
fold；settle；suit；experience traditional Chinese culture first hand；experience a real
taste of China；practise tai chi
1.I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.(情感描写)
2.I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.(动作描写)
3.Many others found jobs on farms，joined the gold rush，or went to build the railway
美 that joined California to the eastern region of the country.(动作描写)
句 4.The climate is mild all year round，meaning it is always a good time to visit.(环境描
写)
5.Visitors can also spend hours just exploring the interesting sights，smells，and sounds
of China.(动作描写)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：哭泣流泪(二)
misty adj.泪眼模糊的；watery adj.眼泪汪汪的；tearful adj.眼含热泪的；
单词
crocodile tears n．鳄鱼眼泪，假哭
tears cloud one’s eyes泪水模糊了双眼；tears well up in one’s eyes热泪盈
眶；tears roll/stream/run/flow down one’s cheeks泪水滑落脸庞；be wet with
词块
tears/in tears泪流满面；be close to tears快要哭了；with a lump in one’s throat
喉咙哽咽；break down崩溃大哭
1.He stood silently，tears rolling down his cheeks，while the music played.(独
立主格结构)音乐声响起时，他静静地站着，泪水顺着脸颊淌下来。
2.There was a lump in my throat and I didn’t speak because I knew I would
cry.我哽咽了，没有说话，因为我知道我会哭的。
句型
3.I left quickly，not wanting to break down in front of the children.我赶快离开
了，因为我不想在孩子们面前大哭。
4.Realizing she would never come back to the land and never see her dear friends
and teachers，Emma’s eyes went red and watery.想到她将不会再回到这片土地上，再也见不到她亲爱的朋友和老师了，埃玛双眼发红，泪水盈盈。
5.His wife passed away last week.At that time he shed a few crocodile tears and
now he’s preparing for his wedding again.上周他的妻子去世了，那时他假惺
惺地掉了几滴眼泪，但现在他又准备结婚了。
语料运用 文化交流
I still remember the time when ①I was fortunate to be selected as an exchange student in this
country.When getting the news，② I was close to tears.Here，I had a very pleasant time，
③experiencing authentic France culture first hand(分词短语作状语) and making a lot of great
friends.However，as the saying goes，all good things come to an end.Even so，when thinking
about the moment，④tears would roll down my cheeks.When the day really came，⑤I almost
broke down.⑥Eyes watery(独立主格)，I finally picked up myself，gathered my courage and
determined to bade farewell to all my friends in Paris.
我还记得我有幸被选为这个国家的交换生的时候。得到这个消息时，我几乎要哭了。在
这里，我度过了一段非常愉快的时光，亲身体验了真正的法国文化，结交了许多极好的朋友。
然而，俗话说，天下没有不散的筵席。即便如此，当我想起那一刻时，眼泪还是会顺着脸颊
滚落。当那一天真的到来时，我几乎崩溃了。眼睛湿润，我终于振作起来，鼓起勇气，决心
向我在巴黎的所有朋友告别。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
Four Multicultural Cities
New York City
It is probably not all that surprising to find out that the Big Apple is one of the most global
cities in the world.It has the largest population of immigrants on the planet.Over 35% of its
residents are born outside the USA.You can hear over 800 languages in New York City being
spoken on a daily basis.Which is the most multicultural district in the city? Queens is the largest
and also the most multiracial urban area in the world!
London
London may come in second place behind New York City for the percentage of the immigrant
population.But it is easily the most international city in all of Europe.Bangladeshis，Pakistanis，
and Indians are a few of the larger immigrant groups and a walk around the city will uncover that
they have definitely brought their cultures with them.People from around the world are drawn toLondon and over 30% of its residents are born outside the UK.
Singapore
This city-state is not just the main financial center of Southeast Asia，but also one of the most
multicultural places on the planet.Singapore has four official languages：Mandarin Chinese，
English，Malay，and Tamil.It is also a center for international residents and their cultures.So，
you are sure to meet large communities of permanent residents who are foreign-born.
Sydney
Following World War Ⅱ，Sydney saw a huge inflow of immigrants.This trend has continued
into the present day，making Sydney one of the most multicultural cities in the world.Although
English is the official language spoken in Sydney ， this city is home to more than 250
languages.Immigrants from places such as Vietnam，India，and South America have made this
city their home and brought their cultures with them.You will be spoilt for choice when it comes to
Sydney’s cultural variety!
1．Where can you find the largest multiracial district?
A．In Singapore. B．In Sydney.
C．In New York City. D．In London.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据New York City部分的“Which is the most multicultural district in the
city? Queens is the largest and also the most multiracial urban area in the world！”可知，纽约市
的皇后区是世界上最大的种族多样化的城市区域。故选C。
2．What do London and Singapore have in common?
A．They are suitable for minorities to earn a living.
B．They make it their mission to attract immigrants.
C．They both have over 30% foreign-born populations.
D．They both have different races and cultures mixed together.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据London部分的“Bangladeshis，Pakistanis，and Indians are a few of
the larger immigrant groups and a walk around the city will uncover that they have definitely
brought their cultures with them.”以及 Singapore 部分的“It is also a center for international
residents and their cultures.”可知，这两座城市都有不同种族和文化的交融。故选D。
3．What makes Sydney one of the most multicultural cities?
A．World War Ⅱ. B．Immigration.
C．Economy. D．Education.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据 Sydney 部分的“Following World War Ⅱ，Sydney saw a hugeinflow of immigrants.This trend has continued into the present day，making Sydney one of the
most multicultural cities in the world.”可知，自二战后至今，大量移民涌入悉尼，移民潮使
其成为一座拥有多元文化的城市。故选B。
B
If you’ve ever emerged from the shower or returned from your walk with a clever idea or a
solution to a problem you had been struggling with ，it may not be a surprise.Rather than
constantly concentrating on a problem，research from the last 15 years suggests that people may
be more likely to have creative breakthroughs when they’re doing a habitual task that doesn’t
require much thought.
“People always get surprised when they realize they get interesting ， novel ideas at
unexpected times，” says Kalina Christoff，a scientist at the University of British Columbia in
Vancouver，“because our culture tells us that we should do it through hard work.”
Now researchers begin to understand why these clever thoughts occur during more passive
activities and what’s happening in the brain.They have found that the key is a series of brain
activities—within what’s called the default mode(DM) network—that occur while an individual
is resting or performing habitual tasks that don’t require much attention.
“Simply put，it is a state that your brain returns to when you’re relaxed，” explains
Christoff.“By contrast，when you’re working on a demanding task，the brain’s executive
control(EC) systems keep your thinking focused，analytical，and logical.”
Researchers find that the DM network is also involved in the early stages of idea generation，
drawing from past experiences and knowledge about the world.When your mind wanders ，
you’re allowing thoughts to playfully cross your mind，which helps you combine information
and ideas in new ways and something clicks.
“A cautionary note：While the DM network plays a key role in the creative process，it is
the EC systems that help you to evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively to your problems
in the real world，” Christoff says.“So it’s unwise to place blind faith in the discovery that
creative ideas can be generated in the shower or during any other kinds of mind
wandering.Instead，you have to do the work to set the groundwork for creative ideas to emerge in
the first place.”
4．What is the most unlikely function of the EC systems?
A．To start your thinking process.
B．To help you analyze.
C．To let you get novel ideas.
D．To keep you focused.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句以及第四段中的“By contrast，when you’re workingon a demanding task，the brain’s executive control(EC) systems keep your thinking focused，
analytical，and logical.”可知，EC系统主导的是有意识的思维活动而不是无意识的创意思
维活动，能让你开始思维过程，帮助你分析，使你集中注意力，不能让你获得新的想法。故
选C。
5．What does the underlined part “something clicks” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．A clever idea occurs.
B．Something drops down.
C．A memory disappears.
D．A funny thought happens.
答案 A
解析 句意理解题。根据画线句所在段“Researchers find that the DM network is also involved
in the early stages of idea generation，...，which helps you combine information and ideas in new
ways and something clicks.”可推断，something clicks与idea generation所表达的意思相近，
即当走神时，想法在我们的脑海中嬉戏，有助于我们以新的方式将信息和想法结合起来，这
样一个聪明的想法就产生了。故选A。
6．What is Kalina Christoff’s attitude to the culture of hard work?
A．Disapproving. B．Positive.
C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
答案 B
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“‘So it’s unwise to place blind faith in the discovery
that creative ideas can be generated in the shower or during any other kinds of mind
wandering.Instead，you have to do the work to set the groundwork for creative ideas to emerge in
the first place.’”可知，Kalina Christoff认为盲目相信在洗澡或其他任何形式的走神中都能
产生创意的发现是不明智的，还是要努力为创意的出现打好基础，因此推断她对努力工作这
一文化持正面态度。故选B。
7．Which statement might the author agree with?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Where there is a will，there is a way.
C．Everything comes to him who waits.
D．All work and no break makes Jack a dull boy.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。通读全文，再根据第一段可知，大脑机制决定了只有劳逸结合才能富有
创意。由此推知，作者可能会同意D项“只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻”的说法。故选
D。
Ⅱ.完形填空★I recently attended a wedding in Canada，in the countryside.When the taxi driver sent us back
at midnight，I was 1 worried all the way home about tipping him since I was not rich.I 2
nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note，which I was keeping for a(n)
3 ，nothing else but two chocolates from the wedding.I couldn’t not tip him，so I was 4
between a rock and a hard place.I handed in the note at last，controlling the urge to ask for 5 .
Tipping has long been a source of 6 interactions throughout the world.Tipping customs
7 wildly from country to country，which generates no small amount of 8 .Norwegians，
who come from a culture where wages are high and tips are low，could 9 people in Las
Vegas with their tiny offerings. 10 ，high-tipping Americans might anger people in Tokyo
because good service in Japan is a 11 of honour.
Such an embarrassed mess often occurs because there’s no 12 logic to any of
this.None! Similarly，a 2016 study from Cornell University 13 that people are twice as likely
to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker.Why is that？And nobody can
work out the reasons for this 14 .
Perhaps，tipping one and not the other only 15 in terms of what has become customary.
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者以自己在加拿大坐车给司机小费的事为例子，引出了
文章主题：不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，造成了不小的混乱。
1．A.helplessly B．curiously
C．secretly D．strangely
答案 C
解析 由下文“I handed in the note at last”可知，作者最终还是给了大额小费，推知在回来
的路上作者一直暗自忧心给司机小费的事。故选C。
2．A.selected B．fished
C．weighed D．calculated
答案 B
解析 由下文“nervously in my purse and realized that all I had was a $100 note”可知，作者
紧张地在钱包里摸找，想找到钱。fish此处为熟词生义，意为“摸，找”。故选B。
3．A.emergency B．tip
C．award D．deal
答案 A
解析 emergency紧急情况；tip建议；award奖品；deal交易。由上文“all I had was a $100
note，which I was keeping for”可知，作者钱包里只有一张100美元的钞票，这是留着应付
紧急情况的。故选A。
4．A.buried B．lost
C．stuck D．locked答案 C
解析 bury掩埋；lose丢失；stick陷入困境；lock锁。由上文“I couldn’t not tip him”可
知，作者钱包里只有应急的100美元，但作者又不能不给小费，所以作者陷入进退两难的境
地，be stuck between a rock and a hard place是固定搭配，意为“陷入进退两难的境地”。故
选C。
5．A.gratitude B．permission
C．help D．change
答案 D
解析 gratitude感谢；permission允许；help帮助；change找零。由空前“I handed in the
note at last，controlling the urge to ask for”和上文提到的作者并不富有可知，此处指作者控
制住了要求找零的冲动。故选D。
6．A.common B．awkward
C．necessary D．active
答案 B
解析 common共同的；awkward尴尬的；necessary有必要的；active积极的。由下一段的
“Such an embarrassed mess”可知，小费一直是世界各地尴尬互动的一个来源。故选B。
7．A.vary B．spread
C．grow D．work
答案 A
解析 由空后“wildly from country to country”以及下文所举的例子可知，不同国家的小费
习俗差异很大。故选A。
8．A.panic B．harm
C．bond D．confusion
答案 D
解析 panic 惊慌；harm 损害；bond 联系；confusion 混乱。由下一段的“Such an
embarrassed mess”可知，此处指不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，造成了不小的混乱。故选
D。
9．A.amuse B．astonish
C．annoy D．satisfy
答案 C
解析 amuse 使娱乐；astonish 使惊讶；annoy使恼怒；satisfy 使满意。由上文“tips are
low”和下文“people in Las Vegas with their tiny offerings”以及“high-tipping Americans”可
知，挪威人习惯低小费，所以他们提供的微不足道的小费可能会惹恼习惯高小费的美国拉斯
维加斯的人们。故选C。
10．A.Therefore B．LikewiseC．Otherwise D．Furthermore
答案 B
解析 therefore因此；likewise同样地；otherwise否则；furthermore此外。分析语境可知，
上下文都在举例说明不同国家的小费习俗差异很大，造成了不小的混乱，所以此处表示“同
样地”。故选B。
11．A.matter B．choice
C．way D．trick
答案 A
解析 matter 事情，问题；choice选择；way方法；trick 诡计。由上文“good service in
Japan”和下文“of honour”可推知，此处指在日本，良好的服务是一个荣誉问题。a matter
of为固定搭配，意为“……的问题”。故选A。
12．A.official B．convenient
C．practical D．consistent
答案 D
解析 official 官方的；convenient 方便的；practical 实用的；consistent 一致的。由上文
“Such an embarrassed mess often occurs”再结合上一段的小费差异的例子可知，这种尴尬的
混乱经常发生是因为各个国家之间没有一致的逻辑。故选D。
13．A.found B．ensured
C．confirmed D．witnessed
答案 A
解析 find发现；ensure确保；confirm确认；witness见证。由下文“that people are twice as
likely to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker”可知，以下是研究
的发现。故选A。
14．A.assumption B．concept
C．difference D．accident
答案 C
解析 assumption假设；concept概念；difference差异；accident事故。由上文“people are
twice as likely to tip a supermarket delivery person than a supermarket store worker”可知，人们
给超市送货员小费的可能性是给超市店员的两倍，这是一种差异。故选C。
15．A.pays off B．takes place
C．takes effect D．makes sense
答案 D
解析 pay off 得以回报；take place 发生；take effect 生效；make sense 讲得通。由上文
“And nobody can work out the reasons”和下文“in terms of what has become customary”可
知，没有人知道为什么存在小费差异，或许唯一一个讲得通的解释是：给谁小费取决于习惯。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·浙江湖州联考)
“Painting is just another way of keeping a diary，” said Spanish artist Pablo Picasso.Wu
Liren has been maintaining such a “diary” of the Grand Canal 1. 1978.
The 65-year-old painter from Hangzhou City，Zhejiang Province，has been using ink and
brush for more than 40 years 2. (record) the beauty of the arterial(干线的)
waterway，the hospitality of local residents and the richness of culture 3. flows all
the way.
Wu says memories and emotions run deep in his paintings ， and these are far
4.______________ (important) than any technical perfection.“My art has always been about the
Grand Canal.Sometimes I paint what I 5. (see) in the past and sometimes I reproduce
what I heard about people who lived by the canal，” he says.
Wu believes the Grand Canal is often compared with the West Lake，one of the most famous
scenic 6. (attraction) in Hangzhou.“The West Lake is seen as a beautiful treasure that
needs to be cared for.But the Grand Canal is like our mother，who has watched us grow up，earn
a living along her busy banks，leave her in search of a better future 7. return to her
embrace later on，” he says.
Recently，Wu completed a 100-meter-long scroll(卷轴) painting of the canal’s Tangxi-
Xixing stretch in Hangzhou.“I have actually painted the entire Grand Canal in
Hangzhou,8.__________(borrow) historical anecdotes from every dynasty ， ” Wu
9.__________________ (proud) says.“The story of the canal needs to be told and the culture it
represents must 10. (pass) down.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。杭州的一位画家吴理人用绘画的方式捕捉大运河的美丽并记
录了与其相关的历史故事。
1．答案 since
解析 考查介词。因为主句的时态是现在完成进行时，所以此处用“since＋过去的一个时
间点”作时间状语。故填since。
2．答案 to record
解析 考查非谓语动词。use sth to do sth意为“用某物做某事”。此处的动词不定式作目的
状语。故填to record。
3．答案 that/which
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行
词是culture，指物，所以此处用关系代词 that或 which。故填that/which。
4．答案 more important解析 考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的修饰词 far和空后的than可知，此处应填形容词的
比较级。故填more important。
5．答案 saw
解析 考查时态。根据时间状语in the past及句意可知，此处用所给动词的过去式。故填
saw。
6．答案 attractions
解析 考查名词复数。attraction在此处意为“游览胜地”，是可数名词，又因为空前有one
of the most famous 修饰，所以此处用复数形式。故填attractions。
7．答案 and
解析 考查连词。根据句意可知，空处前后的动词短语为语义上顺承的并列关系，所以此处
用并列连词 and。故填and。
8．答案 borrowing
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处用非谓语动词。逻辑主语I与动词borrow
之间存在主谓关系，所以此处用borrow的现在分词形式作状语。故填borrowing。
9．答案 proudly
解析 考查副词。此处用副词修饰谓语动词says，作状语。故填proudly。
10．答案 be passed
解析 考查被动语态。根据句意可知，主语the culture与动词短语pass down之间为被动关
系，所以此处用被动语态，又因为空前有情态动词must，be 动词用原形。故填be passed。
