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必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Dressed in a shiny metallic suit，Katia Krafft’s small frame is overshadowed by the red
curtain of molten rock that bursts from the ground before her.The dramatic moment was captured in
a photo taken atop Iceland’s Krafla volcano in 1984，during the final breathing of a multi-year-
long eruption.Looking at the image，one can almost feel the volcano’s heat，hear its roar，and
sense Krafft’s heart pounding as the volcanologist does what she loves most：bearing witness to
our planet’s strong anger.
Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology，studying the explosive peaks at a time
when there were few women in the field.She was born in the Rhine valley of northeast France in
1942，during the height of World War Ⅱ.The chaotic human world drove both Katia and her
husband，Maurice Krafft，also a volcanologist，to seek comfort in nature.The moment a volcano
exploded，they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and mystery of each event.
The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and
uncertainties of these disasters.It changed the ability to communicate volcano science.Their videos
are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of
Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously.Yet the Kraffts didn’t live to see that eruption.The
couple died less than two weeks earlier in Japan during a monstrous eruption，which claimed 41
other lives.
Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many
young women to study our restless planet.“Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing
this job，” says Carla Tiraboschi，a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster，
Germany.Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and
has been crazy about volcanoes ever since.She now studies the processes at work deep below the
volcanic peaks.
1．What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A．The importance of volcanology.
B．The damage of a volcanic eruption.
C．The difficulty of filming volcanoes.
D．Katia Krafft’s passion for her work.
2．What can we know about the videos of explosive eruptions?
A．They prevented a natural disaster.
B．They served as a warning in Japan.C．They helped spread volcano science.
D．They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption.
3．How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi?
A．Katia’s death made her restless.
B．Katia helped her with her research.
C．Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice.
D．Katia taught her to make a documentary.
4．Which of the following best describes Katia Krafft?
A．Creative and honest. B．Brave and enthusiastic.
C．Ambitious and outgoing. D．Determined and generous.
B
Cars powered by batteries made from seawater and planes fueled by ammonia(氨) will
become common over the next 10 years，Bill David，a professor of materials chemistry has
predicted.
Most batteries for electric cars and smartphones are powered by lithium(锂)，which has to be
mined，but David thinks that they will be overtaken by batteries made from sodium(钠)，which
can be obtained from seawater and salt.The future of air travel could also be greener thanks to
biofuels.
David said，“We are developing an ammonia-based plane.In principle，we can improve on
an Airbus A320 or a Boeing 787 and essentially replace jet fuel with ammonia.”
David said that batteries could，at first，combine sodium and lithium，as sodium was not
quite as powerful as lithium but is much more sufficient.“It’s not quite perfect in terms of
performance，so we need both，” David said.“Sodium is on the way up and most electric cars
have had a combination of lithium and sodium batteries in them.My estimate is that by 2040 I
would not be surprised if there were ten times more sodium batteries than lithium ones，maybe
even 100 times.”
The first generation of mass-produced sodium batteries has been used for an electric car for
the first time.Sodium will not be the final answer to eco-friendly air travel，however，which is
why David’s team is looking into the use of ammonia.Some companies are looking into whether
jet fuel can be replaced with hydrogen ， but David sees ammonia as more sustainable.He
said，“If you do the sums，then at 500mph you get the same amount of power as jet fuel，but
just 40 per cent of the range.However，even with the range hit，a 787 could still go from London
to New York.”
However，a report from the Royal Society on net-zero aviation，which David co-wrote，
says that replacing jet fuel with biofuel would require half of the agricultural land in the UK.
5．What is an advantage of sodium batteries?
A．Their performance is easy to improve.B．Their raw material is easily accessible.
C．They are widely applied to various vehicles.
D．They are more powerful than other batteries.
6．According to David，which is ideal for future electric cars?
A．Lithium battery. B．Sodium battery. C．Hydrogen fuel. D．Ammonia fuel.
7．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．Hydrogen casts a light on jet fuel market.
B．Electric car makers favor sodium batteries.
C．Ammonia features sustainability and practicability.
D．Companies have mass-produced recycled batteries.
8．What’s David’s attitude to replacing jet fuel with biofuel?
A．Tolerant. B．Unclear. C．Careful. D．Doubtful.
Ⅱ.完形填空
I finally retired.After 30 years’ 1 as director of a radio station，I would have more time
for housework，but I worried I’d lose the sense of 2 I had felt in my profession.
I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but they were 3 .I finally got the doors open and
started to empty the shelves.Then my hand hit something 4 .It was a common old metal can.I
5 the cover and found a 6 envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside. 7 ，I
opened it and found some flower seeds in it，“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still
grow.”
I 8 the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day，but nothing happened.“I guess
they’re just too 9 to be any good，” I told my wife Peg in 10 .I picked up the pot to
get rid of it，but something made me 11 .I changed my mind and set it aside.Meanwhile，I
was keeping 12 ，improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters
gardening.
Six weeks later，I was out in the yard when I 13 to notice the pot.A new bit of green—a
leaf had 14 .I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters.“Look，girls，even something
this old can still 15 for its purpose and be pretty cool.Just like your grand-papa！”
1．A.dream B．belief C．study D．service
2．A.freedom B．purpose C．trust D．security
3．A.worn B．stuck C．broken D．lost
4．A.delicate B．special C．hard D．sharp
5．A.removed B．washed C．cleaned D．fastened
6．A.labeled B．selected C．yellowed D．ruined
7．A.Curiously B．Sincerely C．Skillfully D．Bravely
8．A.collected B．planted C．abandoned D．stored9．A.old B．wet C．weak D．small
10．A.anger B．surprise C．regret D．relief
11．A.delay B．reflect C．hesitate D．disappoint
12．A.upset B．awake C．social D．busy
13．A.expected B．attempted C．failed D．happened
14．A.showed up B．fallen off C．taken off D．dried up
15．A.compete B．grow C．survive D．relax
Ⅲ.语法填空
Ai Kanxiang is about to finish his first semester at college, 1. he is working hard to
make his dream come true.As a physical education major，he hopes 2. (become) a
PE teacher and train China’s future soccer 3. (play)．
Two years ago，though，his dream was even bigger.Ai wanted to join the men’s 4.
(nation) soccer team，but the 20-year-old has experienced twists and turns on the soccer field.
5． (raise) in a small village in Yunnan，Ai got public attention last year after
videos of him playing soccer in a river became popular.Demonstrating creativity，such as the way
to do a precise bicycle kick in the water，he became 6. online celebrity，with
some fans even 7. (say) that he was “better than professional players”．
But when Ai 8. (final) played with the team，he was beaten.He was barely able
to keep up.His skills were not as strong as he 9. (imagine)，and he had little
awareness of teamwork.Ai realized he needed more experience.So he set a new and more practical
goal—to apply to university 10. become a PE teacher.
