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2025年大学英语六级考试预测试卷一
问答题
1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Social
Practice.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
参考答案：(1)Social practice has been more and more popular in universities and colleges.Before
students entering the society, social practice will inspire them and let them get closer to the
world.And this surely brings them lots of advantages.(2)Firstly, social practice can offer
students a chance to get to know the society and meet different kinds of people.Secondly,
students can apply what they have learned in class to work, thus knowing themselves more
clearly.Tlurdly,social practice can bring them some financial reward and make them more
independent of their family.
(3)However, some problems may arise if no correct guidance is made.For instance, study may be
(4)neglected since some students (5)get overly interested in social prac tice, and earning
money seems to be more important.And some students are likely to get in touch with the dark
side of the society, which will affect their future studies.
(6)In order to carry out social practice smoothly, stu-dents should first know their
objective.They should put their studies in the first place and -see social practice just as a
useful supplement, so they ought to try to (7)strike a balance be-tween social practice and
their studies.
【羿文解析】(1)开篇直指主题。
(2)Firstly…Secondly…Thirdly…分三步讲述社会实践的好处。
(3)第二段提出可能产生的问题，并举例说明，提高说服力。
(4)neglected意为“被疏忽的”。
(5)get overly interested in表示“对……产生极大的兴趣”。
(6)第三段提出解决问题的方法。
(7)strikea balance意为“达到平衡”。
2.散文是与诗歌、小说、戏剧并称的一种文学体裁，指不讲究韵律的散体文章。其包括杂文、随笔、游记等
，是最自由的文体。散文不讲究音韵和排比，没有任何的束缚及限制，也是中国最早出现的行文体例。通常
一篇散文具有一个或多个中心思想，以抒情、记叙、论理等方式表达为主。散文通常通过对现实生活中某些
片断或生活事件的描述，来表达作者的观点和感情，着重于表现作者对生活的感受。
参考答案：Prose is a literary genre equal to poetry, novel and drama.It refers to the prose
that does not stress rhythm,including (1)essays, informal essays, travel notes,etc.It is (2)the
freest style of writing, which does not (3)emphasize phonology as well as parallelism and has
no restrictions.Usually, a prose has one or more (4)central ideas and is mainly expressed in
lyric, narrative and logical ways.It usually expresses authors' views and emotions by
describing (5)some episodes or life events in real life, focusing on demonstrating
authors'feelings about life.
【羿文解析】(1)杂文、随笔、游记可分别翻译为essays，informal essays，travel notes。
(2)“最自由的文体”可译为the freest style ofwriting。
(3)“讲究”可译为emphasize。
(4)“中心思想”可译为central idea。
(5)“某些片断”可译为some episodes。
共享题干题
【题干】Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.More than half of American
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adults____1____vitamin pills.Data from the National Health and Nutri-tion Examination Survey
(NHANES)____2____a trend away from all-in-one multivitamins and toward specific
supplements—especially fish oil and vitamin D.Most of this is self-prescribed.According to an
analysis of the NHANES data, less than a quarter of supplements are taken at the___3_____o f a
health professional.Most of this nutritional enthusiasm does no____4____, and for those with
inadequate diets or special health concerns, supplements can do a world of good.But it is wise
to keep in mind that doses that far exceed the recommended dietary allowances set by the
Institute of Medicine can be hazardous.A reminder comes from a recent study linking____5____B
vitamins to a heightened risk of hip fracture.The study combed through the vitamin habits of
nearly 76,000 postmenopausal women____6____in the decades-long Nurses' Health Study.Lo and
behold, those who took high doses of vitamin B6 (35 milligrams or more daily), together with
B12 (20 micrograms or more), had a nearly 50 per-cent____7____risk of fracturing their hip than
those taking low doses or none.High doses of B6 alone also raised the risk.The
study____8____similar findings in a large Norwegian trial that looked at whether these vitamins
and folic acid could reduce heart attacks and strokes in patients with narrowed blood
vessels.Alas, they did not, and to the great____9____ of researchers, high doses were linked to
hip frac-tures.Taken together, “the results are quite____10____”says Haakon Meyer,a professor
of epidemiology and preventive medicine at the University of Oslo.
3.【单项选择题】空白处1应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：I
【羿文解析】此处要填动词。根据空格后的名词，可确定此处应填入一个表示“吃；服用”的动词，I项
take符合题意，take pills指服用药片。故本题选I。
4.【单项选择题】空白处2应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
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G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：A
【羿文解析】此处要填动词。主语为data，可确定此处动词应为复数形式，选项中A、D和L三项符合题意。根
据上下文“全国健康与营养调查数据________，当前趋势是从摄取复合型维生素转向服用特定补品
”，indicate符合题意。故本题选A。
5.【单项选择题】空白处3应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：F
【羿文解析】此处要填名词。“全国健康与营养调查组织的数据分析表示，只有不到四分之一的补品是按照
保健专业医生的________服用的”。根据选项，recommendation符合题意。故本题选F。
6.【单项选择题】空白处4应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
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L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：L
【羿文解析】根据句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，又根据后文“对于那些营养不足或有特殊健康问题的人来
说，补品可以带来很多好处”，可知此处表达的意义是正面、积极的，do no harm意为“没有害处”，符合
题意。故本题选L。
7.【单项选择题】空白处5应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：H
【羿文解析】此处要填形容词。根据空格所在句前一句“但是，明智的做法是要记住，摄入量远大于医学研
究所建议的饮食限额可能会造成危险”，说明过量摄入维生素会有危险，故此处所填形容词应意为“过量的
，过多的”，excessive符合题意。故本题选H。
8.【单项选择题】空白处6应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
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参考答案：B
【羿文解析】空格所在句结构完整，分析可知此处填入的词作postmenopausal women的后置定语，选项中动
名词participating，misleading和convincing可作后置定语。根据句意可知，这项研究梳理了近76 000名绝
经妇女服用维生素的习惯，这些妇女________了长达数十年的护士健康研究，participating意为“参与，参
加”，符合题意。故本题选B。
9.【单项选择题】空白处7应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：K
【羿文解析】此处要填形容词的比较级。根据空格之后的than可知，此处应填入表示比较的形容词，选项中
greater和less都符合。根据上下文可知，应填入greater，表示髋部骨折的风险比那些服用低剂量或不服用
的人高出50%。故本题选K。
10.【单项选择题】空白处8应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】此处要填动词。根据句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语，其意为“这项研究________了挪威的一项
大型试验中的类似发现”，由此可知，此处应填入一个表示“证实，验证，证明”的动词，选项中
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confirms符合题意。故本题选D。
11.【单项选择题】空白处9应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：E
【羿文解析】此处要填名词。空格所在句意为“让研究人员非常________的是，高剂量摄入会增加髋部骨折
的风险”，又根据上句“该试验研究了这些维生素和叶酸是否能降低血管狭窄患者心脏病发作和中风的风险
”，由此可知，研究结果与预期不同，让研究人员非常吃惊，故填入surprise符合句意。故本题选E。
12.【单项选择题】空白处10应填
A.indicate
B.participating
C.misleading
D.confirms
E.surprise
F.recommendation
G.convincing
H.excessive
I.take
J.reduction
K.greater
L.harm
M.less
N.inadequate
O.disappointment
参考答案：G
【羿文解析】此处要填形容词。该句意为“总的来说，结果相当令人________”。选项中形容词只有
convincing和m-adequate，根据上下文可知，两个研究结果趋向一致，因此结果应当是“令人信服的”，而
不是“不足的”，因此convincing符合题意。故本题选G。
参考译文
一半以上的美国成年人都会服用维他命。全国健康与营养调查的数据表明，当前趋势从摄取复合型维生素转
向服用特定补品——特别是鱼油和维生素D，它们大部分都是非处方药。全国健康与营养调查组织的数据分析
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表示，只有不到四分之一的补品是按照保健专业医生的建议服用的。
大多数情况下，人们对这种营养品所表现出来的热情并没有害处，对于那些营养不足或有特殊健康问题的人
来说，补品可以带来很多好处。但是，明智的做法是要记住，摄入量远大于医学研究所建议的饮食限额可能
造成危险。最近的一项研究提醒我们，过量服用维生素B会增加髋部骨折的风险。
这项研究梳理了近76 000名绝经妇女服用维生素的习惯，这些妇女参与了长达数十年的护士健康研究。你瞧
，那些服用高剂量维生素B6（每日35毫克或更多）和B12 (20微克或更多)的人，髋部骨折的风险比那些服用
低剂量或不服用的人高出50%。过量服用B6也会增加风险。这项研究与挪威的一项大型试验成果不谋而合，该
试验研究了这些维生素和叶酸是否能降低血管狭窄患者心脏病发作和中风的风险。唉，结果显示并没有。让
研究人员非常吃惊的是，高剂量摄入会增加髋部骨折的风险。总的来说，“结果相当令人信服。”奥斯陆大
学流行病学和预防医学教授哈肯·迈耶说道。
【题干】Revitalising Credit Suisse(A)Tidjane Thiam is not the first non-Swiss cluef executive
of Credit Suisse（瑞士信贷）.His American predecessor, Brady Dougan, held the job for eight
years.But Mr.Dougan was an insider, having been at the firm for ages.Mr.Thiam was anything but
a citizen oflvory Coast,where he was a govemment minister in the late 1990s, he had been a
consultant at McKinsey and had overseen the European arm of Aviva and the whole of Prudential,
two British insurers.Before taking the top job at Credit Suisse in 2015, he had never even
worked for a bank.Charming in person and intimidating and forceful by reputation, Mr.Thiam
walked straight into a tempest.(B)From the start he knew that Credit Suisse's defenses against
disaster were uncomfortably thin.Its common equity tier 1 capital(普通股一级资本)covered just
10.3% of risk-weighted assets (RWAS，风险加权资产)，less than at any of its peers.To bolster
them Mr.Thiam quickly raised SFr6bn ($6.3bn)in equity.Unleashing his inner consultant, he set
about reorganising the bank's structure, steering it towards wealth management and away from
the riskier whirlpools of investment banking.(C)But within months a nightmare had unfolded.In
the last quarter of 2015 Credit Suisse made a stonking net loss(净亏损）of SFr6.4bn, as it
wrote down（减低账面价值）the value of its investment bank and was buffeted by trading
losses.More cash glugged away when the bank settled American charges that it had mis-sold
residential mortgage-backed securities a decade before.Another share sale, raising SFr4bn,
ensued in 2017.(D)The firm's shares—and presumably Mr.Thiam-still bear the imprint of those
rights issues（权利股发行）and write-downs.Their price is half what it was when Mr.Thiam took
over, and about 70% of tangible book value（有形账面价值）.The bank is still not free of legal
and ethical shadows: it is being sued over loans in Mozambique before his time.(E)Nevertheless,
Mr.Thiam has survived and now argues the worst is over.The restructuring programme was
completed last year.The s“strategic resolution unit" (SRU)（战略重组单位，瑞士信贷事业部之一
）housing dud assets（无用资产），which once held a quarter of RWAS, has been closed.hi the
latest quarter the firm's retum on tangible equity climbed to 9.7%, roughly what investors
regard as par（标准；票面价值；平均数量）for banks.Many European banks struggle to do as well
(although Credit Suisse's bigger neighbour, UBS, which shified its weight from investment
banking to wealth management afew years earlier, rang up 11.9%).The question now is whether the
restyled Credit Suisse can progress from mere stability towards higher profitability and
growth.(F)Mr.Thiam may have studied engineering in Paris, but instead of elegant simplicity he
opted for an unusual, complex and asymmetrical structure for the firm, based around five
divisions.One houses a Swiss universal bank.Another contains all the Asian businesses.Three
functional divisions cover the rest of the world—wealth management, investment banking and
global markets (trading).(G)In total, markets-related activities accounted for half of RWAS in
2015.Now their share is just one-third.Reckoning that banks' sales and trading revenues would
羿文教育官网 www.yiwenjy.com 版权所有 7stagnate, thanks to overcapacity and technological advance, Mr.Thiam chose “not to be all
things to all people and to have very low costs”.Growth would come instead from managing the
assets of rich people—especially the very rich indeed.The trading platform would still be
needed, but at a size to serve those clients.(H)He borrows a parallel(类似的事情)from his
former trade.Insurers prefer policies with repeated premiums to one-offs.Revenues from managing
the assets of the wealthy, Mr.Thiam says, recur like the former, because once clients place
money with you, then, if you look after them, they tend to stay; trading revenues come and go
like single premiums.Net new assets in wealth management in all territories have been growing
at about 5%a year, and profits at 15%.(I)Mr.Thiam's aim to be “the bank for entrepreneurs” is
the rationale for the dedicated division for Asia, which is minting billionaires fast.If you
are a tycoon whose personal and business finances are intertwined, you might want to sell
shares in your firm and invest the proceeds: why should you face the hassle of dealing with
different parts of the firm? About half of wealth-management infiows in Asia, Mr.Thiam says,
come from referrals by local investment bankers.J 1 He had also bet on Asia at Prudential,
trying to buy AIA,a big regional life insurer.But that was predicated on(以……为基础）the
growing mass of the region's middle class.At Credit Suisse,he is after the truly rich.In Asia's
fragmented wealth-management market, Credit Suisse's SFr219bn of assets, or a 12% share, ranks
a healthy second, according to Magdalena Stoklosa of Morgan Stanley.UBS leads the pack.(K)Asia
still accounts for just one-sixth of revenue and pre-tax profits.After decades of
globetrotting,the anchor of the firm remains reliable Switzerland, which yields fully half of
profits.Two-thirds of total growth in assets under management in the past three years, Mr.Thiam
says, has come from existing clients, which are also more profitable than new ones.(L)Yet with
wealth on the up and trading in retreat, revenue growth has been sluggish.Profits have risen
mainly because costs have been cut.Operating costs have been slashed by 18% in four
years.Rather than shave budgets across the board (全面地 ), Mr.Thiam canned whole
activities,such as private banking in America.“Cost cuts have to be binary,” he says.Then
fixed expenses,such as floor space and computer systems, can be got rid of He has also become
stricter about spending on contractors and consultants.Rather than worry about the ratio of
cost to income, a standard gauge of efficiency, he sets absolute targets, so that increases in
revenue go to profit rather than being spent.Budgets are still scrutinised in weekly
meetings.(M)Though an outsider, Mr.Thiam has relied mainly on insiders.He brought in Pierre-
Olivier Boué e, the chiefoperating officer, a colleague at McKinsey and Aviva and his chiefrisk
officer at Prudential, and Adam Gishen, the head ofinvestor relations and communications, who
advised him at the Pru.But he has mainly promoted from within.The chief financial officer,
David Mathers, has been in his job since 2010.That is unusual; incoming bosses at other
troubled banks have swept away more senior people.Iqbal Khan, the head of international wealth-
management, left abruptly in July.(N)With its time in purgatory seenungly over, Credit Suisse
is aiming to push its rote into double figures.Market conditions perm itting, it aimed to
breach 10% this year, but that now looks a stretch.With global interest rates falling, trade
wars raging and markets jittery, the months ahead may be tricky for banks and wealth managers
everywhere.(O)After four years, Mr.Thiam is an outsider no more.Running one of Europe's banks
is a hazardous occupation: ask John Cryan, sacked after less than three years at Deutsche Bank
in 2018, or John Flint, ousted from HSBC this month, after 30 years at the bank but a mere year
and a halfin the hot seat.Mr.Thiam says he wants to become a Swiss citizen in due course.He was
recently elected to the Intemational Olympic Comnuttee, based in Lausanne.Perhaps he will stay
a while yet.专专业业网网校校课课程程、、题题库库软软件件、、考考试试用用书书、、资资讯讯信信息息全全方方位位一一体体化化职职业业考考试试学学习习平平台台
13.【单项选择题】Credit Suisse's stock price fell, and the bank was in deep legal and ethical
dilemmas.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】此句意为“瑞士信贷股价下跌，该银行陷入了深刻的法律和道德困境”，与D段中第二、三句同
义，price fell与price is half what it was对应；in deep legal and ethical dilemmas与not free
oflegal and etlucal shadows对应。故本题选D。
14.【单项选择题】The restructured Credit Suisse relies on five divisions: Swiss Universal Bank,
Asia Business Unit,Wealth Management Department, Investment Banking Department and Global
Markets Depart-ment.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：F
【羿文解析】此句意为“重组后的瑞士信贷依托五个部门：瑞士环球银行、亚洲业务部、财富管理部、投资
银行部和全球市场部”，是对F段的概括总结。故本题选F。
15.【单项选择题】After taking office, he set about restructuring the bank, guiding it to wealth
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management and staying away from the risky vortex of investment banking.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】此句意为“上任后，他着手重组银行，引导其进行财富管理，远离风险投资银行的漩涡”，与
B段同义，restructuring，guiding it to和staying away from与reorganising，steering it towards和
away from是同义替换。故本题选B。
16.【单项选择题】The similarity between income from managing wealthy assets and the insurance
policy is thatonce the money is placed, the clients will tend to remain.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：H
【羿文解析】此句意为“管理富人资产的收入与保险单之间的相似之处在于，一旦存入资金，客户也将倾向
于留下”，与H段第一、三句意思相同，similarity与aparallel为同义替换。故本题选H。
17.【单项选择题】Half of the company's profits are from Switzerland, and two-thirds of the
total growth in man-aged assets over the past three years has come from existing customers,
which are more prof-itable.
A.A）
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B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：K
【羿文解析】此句意为“该公司一半的利润来自瑞士，过去三年管理资产总增长的三分之二来自现有客户
，这些客户的利润更高”，是对K段的概括总结，Halfof the company's profits是yields fully half of
profits的同义句。故本题选K。
18.【单项选择题】The special division for Asia is to help creating billionaires as fast as
possible to help achieve the aim to be “the bank for entrepreneurs”.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：I
【羿文解析】此句意为“负责亚洲事务这一部门帮助尽快创造亿万富翁，以帮助实现成为‘企业家银行’的
目标”，与I段第一句为同义替换，主句部分为Mr.Thiam’s aim to be“the bank for
entrepreneurs”…is the rationale for the dedicated division for Asia，（……成立亚洲事务这一部
门的原因是实现“企业家银行”的目标）。故本题选I。
19.【单项选择题】Considering overcapacity and technological advances, banks' sales and trading
income will be sluggish, and Credit Suisse will choose to provide rich people with a platform
to manage assets.
A.A）
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B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：G
【羿文解析】此句意为“考虑到产能过剩和技术进步，银行的销售和交易收入将会低迷，瑞士信贷选择为有
钱人提供管理资产平台”，与G段第三、四句意思相近。故本题选G。
20.【单项选择题】Credit Suisse is trying to acquire AIA, a large regional life insurance
company.But this depends on the growth of the middle class population in the region.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：J
【羿文解析】此句意为“瑞士信贷正试图收购一家大型地区人寿保险公司友邦保险。但这取决于该地区中产
阶级人口的增长”，是J段第一、二句话的同义替换，两者意思相同。故本题选J。
21.【单项选择题】His success also lies in introduction of appropriate and excellent talents,
each performing his own duties.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
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F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：M
【羿文解析】此句意为“他的成功还在于引进适当的优秀人才，各司其职”，是对M段的概括总结，M段中列
举了Mr.Thiam引入多位高管人才。故本题选M。
22.【单项选择题】Credit Suisse expects to break through double-digit growth, and given the
global interest rate,trade wars and market tensions, the target may be postponed.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
参考答案：N
【羿文解析】此句意为“瑞士信贷希望突破两位数增长，鉴于全球利率、贸易战和市场紧张局势，目标可能
会被推迟”，是对N段的概括总结,break through double-digit growth，global interest rate，trade
wars and market ten-sions和be postponed分别对应文中的push its rote into double figures，With
global interest rates falling，trade wars raging and markets jittery和that now looks a
stretch。故本题选N。
参考译文
瑞士信贷改革
A)迪德简·蒂亚姆不是瑞士信贷的第一位非瑞士籍首席执行官。前任首席执行官是美籍人士布兰迪·道根
，其任期长达八年。但道根先生是一名圈内人，多年来一直在这家公司工作。蒂亚姆先生是象牙海岸（科特
迪瓦）的公民，他在20世纪90年代末担任政府部长，也曾在麦肯锡担任顾问，并监管了Aviva的欧洲分支机构
以及Prudential总部，这两家都是英国保险公司。在2015年担任瑞士信贷首席执行官之前，他从未在银行工
作过。蒂亚姆先生充满入格魅力，威风凛凛，令人望而生畏，径直进入了这个行业。
B)一开始他就知道瑞士信贷应对风险的防御措施较为薄弱。其普通股一级资本仅占风险加权资产(RWAS)的
10.3%，低于任一同业机构。为了改善这一现状，蒂亚姆先生迅速筹集了60亿瑞士法郎（约合63亿美元）的股
羿文教育官网 www.yiwenjy.com 版权所有 13权。他遵从内心的想法开始着手重组银行，引导其向财富管理转型，远离投资银行业风险的漩涡。
C)但在几个月内，一场噩梦袭来。2015年第四季度，因为降低了投资银行的账面价值，加上交易损失受到冲
击，瑞士信贷的净亏损额达到64亿瑞士法郎。当银行解决美国指控它十年之前错误地出售住房抵押贷款支持
证券时，大量现金外流。2017年，已出售股票筹集了40亿瑞士法郎。
D)也许是由于蒂亚姆先生，瑞士信贷的股票受到权利股发行和票面减值的影响，其价格只有蒂亚姆上任时的
一半，约占有形账面价值的70%。该银行还深陷法律和道德困境：在蒂亚姆就任前曾因贷款事宜被莫桑比克起
诉。
E)然而，蒂亚姆先生幸存下来，他指出最坏的情况已经结束。重组计划已于去年完成。战略重组单位曾用于
管理闲置资产，占RWAS四分之一，如今已被关闭。在最近一个季度，该公司的有形资产回报率攀升至
9.7%，达到银行业的标准水平。许多欧洲银行也在努力做好准备（作为瑞士信贷的较大同业者，瑞银几年前
将投资银行业务转向财富管理业务，其比例上升了11.9%）。现在问题是，整改后的瑞士信贷是否可以从单纯
的业务稳定转向更高的盈利能力。
F)蒂亚姆先生可能曾在巴黎学习工程学，但他没有选择优雅的简约，而是选择了不寻常的、复杂的、不对称
的结构，这个结构基于五个部门。一个是瑞士全能银行，另一个涵盖了亚洲所有业务。另外的三个职能部门
囊括了世界其他地区——财富管理、投资银行和全球市场（交易）。
G)总的来说，与市场相关的活动在2015年占RWAS的一半。现在它们的份额只有三分之一。考虑到产能过剩和
技术进步，银行的销售和交易收入将停滞，蒂亚姆选择“不面向所有人提供所有服务，而且要降低成本”。
增长将源自管理富人的资产——特别是非常富裕的人。交易平台仍不可或缺，规模也要同服务这些客户相匹
配。
H)他从先前的贸易经验中获得灵感。相比于一次性保险，保险公司更喜欢重复性保险政策。蒂亚姆先生说
，管理富人资产的收入与重复性保险相似，因为一旦客户将钱交给你，你就会帮忙打理，这样他们就会留下
；而交易收入来来去去，就像单一的保费一样。所有地区的财富管理净新资产每年增长约5%，利润为15%。
I)成立亚洲事务这一部门的原因是实现蒂亚姆提出的“企业家银行”的目标，那就是尽快创造亿万富翁。如
果你的个人和商业财产交织在一起，你可能想出售公司的股票并投资收益：你为什么要面对与公司不同部门
打交道的麻烦？蒂亚姆说，亚洲大约一半的财富管理流入，他们来自当地投资银行家的转介。
J)他还在保诚集团就亚洲打赌，试图收购～家大型地区人寿保险公司友邦保险，但这取决于该地区中产阶级
人口的增长。在瑞士信贷，他追求真正的富裕。摩根士丹利的马格达莱纳·斯托克洛萨表示，在亚洲分散的
财富管理市场中，瑞士信贷以2 190亿瑞士法郎的资产（即12%的股份）排名第二，瑞银位居第一。
K)亚洲仍然只占收入和税前利润的六分之一。经过几十年的全球业务扩张，该公司仍依靠瑞士主力，其利润
占一半。蒂亚姆先生表示，过去三年管理资产总增长的三分之二来自现有客户，这些客户也比新客户更有利
可图。
L)然而，由于财富增加以及交易减少，收入增长缓慢。利润上升主要是因为成本下降。运营成本在四年内削
减了18%。蒂亚姆先生并没有全面削减预算，而是停止整个活动，例如美国的私人银行业务。他指出：“成本
削减必须一分为二。”固定费用，如占地和计算机系统可以排除。他对承包商和顾问的支出变得更加严格。
他没有担心成本与收入的比率，也就是效率的标准衡量，而是设定了绝对目标，因此收入的增加会转化为利
润而不是花费。每周会议仍会仔细审查预算。
M)虽然作为局外人，蒂亚姆先生主要依赖圈内人士。他带来了首席运营官Pierre-Olivier Bou6e，也是他在
麦肯锡和Aviva的同事，以及他在Prudential的首席风险官。曾在Pru共事的同事Adam Gishen担任了投资者关
系和沟通部门的负责人。但他主要是内部任命。首席财务官大卫·马瑟斯自2010年以来任职于瑞士信贷，这
很不常见。其他陷入困境的银行，新老板一上任就会辞退一些高层资深人士。然而，国内财富管理负责人伊
克·巴尔汗在7月份突然离职。
N)其炼狱时期似乎已经结束，瑞士信贷的目标是实现两位数增长。市场条件允许，它的目标是今年突破
10%，但现在看起来其可能会延期实现。随着全球利率下降，贸易战肆虐和市场紧张，未来几个月对于各地的
银行和财富管理机构来说可能都很棘手。
O)四年后，蒂亚姆先生不再是局外人。经营一家欧洲银行是一项冒险的职业：John Cryan 2018年在德意志银
行工作不到三年被解雇，John Flint在汇丰银行工作了30年，但执掌一年半的时间于本月被辞退。蒂亚姆先专业网校课程、题库软件、考试用书、资讯信息全方位一体化职业考试学习平台
生说他希望在适当的时候成为瑞士公民。他最近当选为洛桑国际奥林匹克委员会成员，也许他会再待上一段
时间。
【题干】Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.By education, I mean the influence
of the environment upon the individual to produce a perma-nent change in the habits of
behaviour, of thought and of attitude.It is in being thus susceptible to the environment that
man differs from the animals, and the higher animals from the lower.The low-er animals are
influenced by the environment but not in the direction of changing their habits.Their
instinctive responses are few and fixed by heredity.When transferred to an unnatural situation,
such an animal is led astray by its instincts.Thus the “ant-lion” whose instinct implies it
to bore into loose sand by pushing backwards with abdomen, goes backwards on a plate of glass
as soon as danger threatens, and endeavors, with the utmost exertions to bore into it.It knows
no other mode of flight,“or if such a lonely animal is engaged upon a chain of actions and is
interrupted, it either goes on vainly with the remaining actions (as useless as cultivating an
unsown field)or dies in helpless in-activity”.Thus a net-making spider which digs a burrow and
rims it with a bastion of gravel and bits of wood, when removed from a half finished home, will
not begin again, though it will continue an-other burrow, even one made with a pencil.Advance
in the scale of evolution along such lines as these could only be made by the emer-gence of
creatures with more and more complicated instincts.Such beings we know in the ants and
spiders.But another line of advance was destined to open out a much more far-reaching
possibility of which we do not see the end perhaps even in man.Habits, instead of being born
ready-made (when they are called instincts and not habits at all)were left more and more to the
formative influ-ence of the environment, of which the most important factor was the parent who
now cared for the young animal during a period of infancy in which vaguer instincts than those
of the insects were moulded to suit surroundings which might be considerably changed without
harm.This means, one might at first imagine, that gradually heredity becomes less and
environment more important.But this is hardly the truth and certainly not the whole truth.For
although fixed au-tomatic responses like those of the insect-like creatures are no longer
inherited, although selection for purification of that sort is no longer going on, selection
for educability is very definitely still of importance.The ability to acquire habits can be
conceivably inherited just as much as can definite responses to narrow situations.Besides,
since a mechanism-is now, for the first time, created by which the individual (in contradiction
to the species)can be fitted to the environment, the latter be-comes, in another sense, less
not more important.And finally, less not the higher animals who pos-sess the power of changing
their environment by engineering feats and the like, a power possessed to some extent even by
the beaver, and preeminently by man.Environment and heredity are in no case exclusive but
always supplementary factors.
23.【单项选择题】What is the difference between human beings and animals?
A.The way they communicate.
B.How they express feelings.
C.The permanent change influenced by the environment upon human beings instead of animals.
D.Whether they can use tools or not.
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】细节题。根据关键词difference定位至原文第一段前三句。第二句明确指出区别是
“susceptible to en-vironment”（易受环境影响），同时还需结合第一句和第三句。第一句指出人类会受
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环境影响，并形成持久的改变（a permanent change）。第三句指出虽然低等动物也受环境影响，但不会直
接引起习惯的改变。故本题选C。
24.【单项选择题】Why does the author cite the example of the ant-lion in the first paragraph?
A.To support the evidence that the way lower animals respond to environment result from in-
stinct.
B.To demonstrate the specialty of the ant-lion.
C.To emphasize the influence of environment.
D.To support the evidence that the way higher animals respond to the environment result from
instinct.
参考答案：A
【羿文解析】细节题。根据关键词ant-lion可定位至第一段第六句。此例子用“蚁狮”对新环境下险境的反
应，说明低等动物靠本能，而不是随着环境的变化而做出反应，是第四句与第五句的例证。D项意思与原文恰
好相反，B、C两项均偏离原文意思。故本题选A。
25.【单项选择题】Which of the following is true about habits according to the passage?
A.They are natural endowments to living creatures.
B.They are more important than instincts to all animals.
C.They are subject to the formative influence of the environment.
D.They are destined to open out a much more far-reaching possibility in the evolution of human
beings.
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】细节题。根据关键词habits可定位到第二段第四句Habits，instead ofbeing born ready-made
were left more and more to the formative influence of the environment，即习惯并不是天生的，更多
受环境的影响。故本题选C。
26.【单项选择题】Besides human beings, who is able to alter environment by engineering feats?
A.Ant-lion.
B.Beaver.
C.Spider.
D.Insect.
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】细节题。根据关键词engineering feats可定位至最后一段倒数第二句a power possessed to
some extent even by the beaver，and preeminently by man.由此可知海狸和人类具备这种能力。故本题
选B。
27.【单项选择题】What is the relationship between the environment and the heredity??
A.Heredity is far more important than environment.
B.Environment is far more important than heredity.
C.They are independent from each other.
D.They are supplementary rather than exclusive factors.
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】细节题。定位至文章最后一句，环境与遗传不是相互排斥的因素，而永远是相辅相成的。故本
题选D。
参考译文
我认为通过教育，环境会对人们的行为、思想和态度带来永久的改变。容易受环境影响是人类区别于动物、
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高等动物区别于低等动物的地方。低等动物容易受环境影响，但不会引起习惯的改变。它们很少做出本能反
应，其由遗传决定。当遇到不自然的环境时，这样的动物会被本能引上歧途。就像“蚁狮”会按照本能的暗
示，在面临巨大危险时，利用腹部向后移动，钻入松散细沙中。其向玻璃板后退，尽最大努力钻进去。它没
有别的脱险办法，“或者说，这样一个孤独的动物，在专心于活动时被打断，它要么徒劳地继续活动（如同
在一片没有播种的土地上耕作），要么死于无助的不作为”。因此，编织网的蜘蛛挖一个地洞，并且在其周
围用沙砾和木片构筑时，如果在完成一半时退出，它不会再重新开始，即使它继续挖另一个洞穴，也不会重
复之前的工作。
进化的发展只有依靠具备越来越多复杂本能的生物才能完成，如蚂蚁和蜘蛛。但另一条进化的线路注定会带
来另一种深远的可能性，即使在人类身上也看不到结果。习惯，不是天生就有的（有时被叫作本能，而不是
习惯），更多地受环境的影响，其中最重要的因素便是父母，他们在婴幼儿时期照料孩子，在这一阶段，为
了适应周围环境的需要，模糊的本能会做出无害的改变。
人们起初或许会认为，这意味着遗传的影响会逐渐变小，环境的作用变得更为重要。可很难说这是对的，当
然不是全部事实。虽然对于那些像昆虫一样的生物来说，机械的反应不再由遗传决定，尽管物种进化选择已
不复存在，但可塑性的遴选仍然很重要。正如对恶劣环境可以做出确切回应一样，习性可以得到遗传。另外
，如今一些机制第一次被创建出来时，个体（相对于物种）可以很好地适应环境。这样看来，环境的作用也
不重要了。最后，高等动物有能力通过类似的工程壮举来改变环境。从某种程度上来说，海狸具备这样的能
力，人类更加卓越。环境与遗传绝不互相排斥，而永远是相辅相成的。
【题干】Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Last year at airports across the
world, 18% of flights were delayed, leaving millions of passen-gers stuck with a lot of time on
their hands.Most of us can kill time at airports with a bit of shopping or the distractions
provided by our smartphones, but some instead choose to get creative.Richard Dunn is a case in
point.Earlier this month, he found himself stuck overnight at Las Vegas' Mc-Car ran
International Airport, and decided to pass the time by shooting a music video of himself
singing the Celine Dion cover of “All by Myself.”Make a game ofitEarlier this month, Daniel
Wiersema, from Austin, Texas, was travelling with fellow members of the American Outlaws, a
soccer fan club that travels to matches worldwide to show support for the USA.He was one of 530
members who flew to Brazil for the 2014 FIFA World Cup.At George HW Bush In-ternational
Airport, however,he and his fellow fans found they had time to kill before boarding “Myself
and about eight others began passing a ball around, and it broke into a full out game,” he
recalls. People-watching Sometimes, people-watching provides its own rewards.Training
consultant Nick Holyoake found this to be true while waiting around at arrivals at London's
Stansted Airport.He happened to notice a woman who, despite her bright yellow dress and smiley
face balloon, looked “sad and soli-tary”, he says“She looked like she made such an effort
for someone who was either late or never coming,” Holyoake guesses.“The contrast between the
bright yellow of her hopefulness and the re-ality that all was most likely not going smoothly
impressed me.” When he noticed her cover her face with the balloon, he couldn't help but snap
a picture.Hit the loungeSome travelers, meanwhile, found themselves actually relishing their
flight delays.Freddy Sherman, a luxury travel blogger, was so pleased with the facilities at
Istanbul Ataturk Airport's VIP Lounge that he hated to board his flight.In addition to a
spacious billiards area, the lounge also has a flight simulator (飞行模拟器 ).“I travel
frequently and have experienced a lot of airport lounges,but this one constantly amazes me with
all the thigs to see, do and eat,” he says.“I actually wanted my plane to be delayed so I
could spend more time there.”
28.【单项选择题】What did Richard Dunn do when he was stuck at McCarran Intemational Airport?
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A.Did some shopping.
B.Watched a video on his smartphone.
C.Watched a football game on his smartphone.
D.Made a video of himself.
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】细节题。根据题干中的stuck at McCarran Intemational Airport可以定位到文中Earlier
this month，he found himself stuck overnight at Las Vegas' McCarran International Airport
decided to pass the time by shooting a music video of himselfsinging the Celine Dion cover
of“All by Myself”可知，正确答案是给自己录了一段视频，而不是B、C两项所说的在智能手机上看视频
，看足球赛，A项是一般人打发时间的方法，不是他的方法。故本题选D。
29.【单项选择题】What do we know about the American Outlaws?
A.They are convicted criminals who have escaped.
B.They are football players.
C.They are going to play football in the 2014 FIFA World Cup.
D.A soccer fan club.
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】推断题。根据题干中的American Outlaws可以定位到文中was travelling with fellow
members of the American Outlaws,a soccer fan club that travels to matches worldwide to show
support for the USA，由此可知它是一个足球迷俱乐部。A项是字面上的理解，与实际不符，B、C两项不准
确，他们不是足球运动员，也不会参加世界杯，他们是球迷。故本题选D。
30.【单项选择题】Why did Nick Holyoake take a picture of the sad woman?
A.She wore a bright yellow dress which was very attractive.
B.The smiley face balloon was very cute.
C.The contrast between the hopefulness of the yellow and the harsh reality moved him.
D.The woman's sadness touched him deeply.
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】推断题。根据题干中的Nick Holyoake可以定位到文中第三段“The contrast between the
bright yellow of her hopefulness and the reality that all was most likely not going smoothly
impressed me.”When he noticed her cover her face with the balloon，he couldn't help but snapa
picture.由此可以推断出是希望与现实的巨大反差打动了他，因此他才拍照的。故本题选C。
31.【单项选择题】What's the main idea of this passage?
A.How people behave at the airport.
B.How people kill time at the airport.
C.How people kill their time creatively at the airport.
D.How we should spend our time at the airport.
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】主旨题。本文主要讲的是人们如何充满创造力地打发在机场的时间。A、D两项偏题了中心，B项
不够准确，不是说如何打发时间而是怎么有创意地打发时间。故本题选C。
32.【单项选择题】Which of the following can not be inferred from Freddy Sherman's words?
A.Istanbul Ataturk Airport's VIP Lounge is the best lounge he has ever seen.
B.There are so many things to do in this lounge that you will never be bored.
C.It is the best lounge in the world with many superb facilities.
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D.Delaying at the airport is much more interesting than boarding on time.
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】推断题。根据题干中的Freddy Sherman’s words可以定位到他的话Itravel frequently and
have experienced a lot of airport lounges, but this one constantly amazes me with all the
things to see, do and eat, he says.“I actually wanted my plane to be delayed so I could spend
more time there，从他的话可知，在这里有许多事可做，不会无聊，而且比登机更有趣。但是，不能说这个
休息室是世界上最好的，只能说在他看过的当中是最好的，所以C项错误。故本题选C。
参考译文
去年全世界有18%的航班被延迟，使数百万旅客长时间滞留。大部分人会买点东西打发时间或通过玩手机分散
注意力，但是一些人却选择极具创造性的方式。理查德·邓恩就是一个很好的例子。这个月的早些时候，他
发现自己被迫在拉斯维加斯的麦卡伦国际机场滞留一夜，他决定为自己制作一个音乐视频，演唱席琳·迪翁
翻唱的歌曲All by Myself。
来场比赛
这个月的早些时候，来自得克萨斯州奥斯丁的丹尼尔·沃塞曼正和“美国逃犯”的同伴们在旅行途中。“美
国逃犯”是一个足球粉丝俱乐部，他们到世界各地的比赛现场为美国助威。他是530个飞往巴西参加2014世界
杯足球赛的成员之一。然而在布什国际机场，他和他的同伴们在登机前要打发时间。“我和其他大约八个人
开始传球，后来变成一场完整的比赛。”他回忆说。
观察他人
一些时候，观察人会带来收获。培训顾问尼克·赫里艾克说这是真的。当他在伦敦斯坦斯特机场的移民区周
围等待登机时注意到一位女士，尽管穿着鲜艳的黄色裙子，拿着笑脸气球，却看上去“悲伤孤独”。赫里艾
克猜测“她看上去这么精心准备等待的那个人要么迟到了，要么永远也不会来了”。“她那明黄色似的希望
与现实之间的对比给我留下了深刻的印象？，当他看见她用气球遮住脸时，他情不自禁地按下了快门。
去休息室
一些旅行者实际上很享受他们的飞机延误。豪华旅游博客撰写者费雷迪·舍曼非常满意伊斯坦布尔奥特克飞
机场的贵宾休息区以至于他讨厌登机了。除了宽敞的台球区，这里还有一个飞行模拟器。“我经常坐飞机
，去过许多飞机场的休息室，但是这个休息室有这么多东西可看、可做、可吃，总是让我惊讶不已，”他说
，“我真希望我的飞机会延误，这样我就可在这里多待会了。”
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