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2025年大学英语六级考试预测试卷二
问答题
1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay en,titled The
Influence of Artificial Intelligence in Education.You should write at least 150 words but no
more than,200words.
参考答案：(1)With the development of science and technol-ogy, artificial intelligence (AI)has
been applied in many areas of our lives,(2)from online payment to agricul-ture.But what is its
impact on education, and will it be helpful in education?
(3)In reality, AI enhances education in many ways.(4)Here are some of the benefits ofAIin
educa-tion.First ofall, it provides tools for developing a more ac-curate and detailed picture
of how the students' mind works, and adapts to each student's(5)individual learn-ing needs that
will form target instructions based on their strengths and weaknesses in order to improve their
studies.Secondly, AI can drive efficiency and(6)streamline ad-ministrative tasks to allow
teachers the time and freedom to provide with better educational practices.
From the reasons mentioned above, we could draw the conclusion that AI will be an integral part
in promot-ing the advancement of education.
【羿文解析】(1)With the development of意为“随着……的发展”。
(2)表示人工智能广泛的应用范围，可以使用丘om…to…。
(3)In reality意为“实际上，事实上”。
(4)Here are some of...用来举例说明。
(5)individual learning needs意为“个性化学习需求”。
(6)streamline administrative tasks意为“简化管理任务”。
2.中国的官方语言普通话(Mandarin)在美国的学校中突然热起来。由于中国经济在21世纪的快速发展，美国
的公立和私立学校纷纷在外语课程中加入汉语这一科目，或将已有的汉语教学项目进行扩展。据统计，在美
国的学校中，有5万名孩子在学习汉语。但推动汉语项目的发展不是没有遇到困难。由于缺乏受过专业训练、
持有证书的教师，一些学校很难加入汉语教学的竞争。当学校聘用教师时，它们通常直接从中国招聘，这种
方式为文化冲突埋下了隐患。
参考答案：Mandarin, the official language of China, is suddenly hot in American schools.With
the rapid development of China's economy in the 21st century,both public and private schools in
America (1)are scrambling to add Mandarin to their (2)curricula of foreign languages or
expanding Chinese language programs already (3)in place.By some estimates, as many as 50,000
children nationwide are taking Mandarin in American schools.But to develop Chinese language
programs has met some difficulties.(4)A shortage of professionally trained teachers with
certificates has made it difficult for some schools to join the competition.When schools need
to employ teachers, they often recruit some from China directly, which is a hidden trouble for
(5)culture clash.
【羿文解析】(1)“纷纷”即“争先恐后地做某事”，所以可译为scramble to do sth.。
(2)“课程”可译为curriculum。
(3)“已有的”可译为in place。
(4)“缺乏”可译为a shortage of。
(5)“文化冲突”可译为culture clash。
共享题干题
【题干】Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Using a computer or smartphone at
night can cause us to pile on the pounds, new research has revealed.The study found a link
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between blue light exposure—blue light is____1____by smartphones and tablets—and increased
hunger.It found that exposure to the light increases hunger levels for several hours and even
increases hunger levels after eating a meal.Results of the US study show that blue-enriched
light exposure, compared with____2____light exposure, was____3____with an increase in hunger
that began 15 minutes after light onset and was still present almost two hours after the
meal.Blue light exposure has also already been shown to decreased____4____ in the evening
increasing the risk of insomnia.Study co-author Ivy Cheung, of Northwestern University, in
Chicago, said: “A single three-hour exposure to blue-enriched light in the
evening____5____impacted hunger and glucose metabolism.”“These results are important because
they suggest that manipulating environmental light exposure for humans may represent a
novel____6____ of influencing food intake patterns and metabolism.” The study group____7____10
healthy adults with regular sleep and eating schedules who received_____8___carbohydrate-rich
meals.They completed a four-day trial under dim light conditions, which involved exposure to
less than 20 lux during 16 hours____9____and less than three lux during eight hours of sleep.On
day three they were exposed to three hours of 260 lux, blue-enriched light starting 10.5 hours
after waking up, and the effects were compared with dim light exposure on day two.Ms Cheung
said more research is needed to determine the____10____of action involved in the relationship
between light exposure, hunger and metabolism.
3.【单项选择题】空白处1应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】emitted的意思是“发出，散发（光、热、声音等）”，结合上下文可知，蓝光是智能手机和平
板电脑发出的光线。故本题选D。
4.【单项选择题】空白处2应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
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G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：M
【羿文解析】dim的意思是“暗淡的，昏暗的”，根据常识可以推断，与明亮光线相对应的应该是昏暗的光线
。故本题选M。
5.【单项选择题】空白处3应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】associated with的意思是“与……有关系”。根据前文可知，蓝光照射可以增加饥饿感，表明
蓝光照射与饥饿感之间是有关系的。故本题选C。
6.【单项选择题】空白处4应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
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M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：H
【羿文解析】sleepiness的意思是“睡意，瞌睡”，结合上下文可知，失眠意味着睡不着，因此跟在
decreased后面的应该是表示“睡觉，睡意”之意的词。故本题选H。
7.【单项选择题】空白处5应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：F
【羿文解析】acutely的意思是“深深地，极其”，下文指出这一发现意义重大，由此推断出应该是有着重大
的影响。故本题选F。
8.【单项选择题】空白处6应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：K
【羿文解析】approach的意思是“方法，途径”，与of连用。结合上文可知，此处大意为控制人体周围环境
的光线照射或许是一种新的方法。故本题选K。
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9.【单项选择题】空白处7应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：G
【羿文解析】comprised的意思是“包括，包含，由……组成”，根据文意，此处应指研究小组包括10名健康
的成年人。故本题选G。
10.【单项选择题】空白处8应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：L
【羿文解析】identical的意思是“同一的，完全相同的”，根据文意，这个实验的设计应是10个研究对象每
日摄入完全相同的高碳水化合物食物。故本题选L。
11.【单项选择题】空白处9应填?
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
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E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】awake的意思是“醒着的，警惕的”，根据文意可知，and前后内容应该形成对比，即空格处与
后文的sleep形成对比，所以“在每日16小时的清醒状态下接受低于20勒克斯的光照”。故本题选B。
12.【单项选择题】空白处10应填
A.exposure
B.awake
C.associated
D.emitted
E.related
F.acutely
G.comprised
H.sleepiness
I.agencies
J.significant
K.approach
L.identical
M.dim
N.mechanisms
O.slightly
参考答案：N
【羿文解析】mechanisms的意思是“机制，机能”，此处指光线照射、饥饿感和新陈代谢三者之间的“作用
机制”。故本题选N。
参考译文
最新的研究表明，在夜晚使用电脑或者智能手机可能会让我们的体重增加好几磅。这项研究发现接触智能手
机和平板电脑发出的蓝光会增加饥饿感。并且，被此光线照射会增加数小时的饥饿感，甚至是刚刚吃过饭的
人，饥饿感也会增加。这项来自美国的研究结果显示，相对于昏暗的光线辐射来说，在被明亮蓝色光线照射
15分钟后，饥饿感便会开始增加。这种饥饿感在饭后近两小时内都会存在。同时，蓝光照射已被证实会减少
夜间的困意，从而增加患失眠症的风险。
研究者之一，来自芝加哥西北大学的张艾薇称：“夜晚被明亮蓝光照射三个小时，会对饥饿感和葡萄糖代谢
有着极大的影响。”“该研究之所以意义重大，是因为其结果表明，控制人体周围环境的光线照射或许是一
种可左右饮食摄入方式和新陈代谢的新方法。”实验的研究对象是10位有着规律睡眠和饮食时间的健康成年
人。在研究期间，研究对象每日摄入完全相同的高碳水化合物食物。他们在昏暗光线环境下完成了一个为期
四天的实验：在每日16小时的清醒状态下接受低于20勒克斯的光照，而在8小时的睡眠期间接受低于3勒克斯
的光照。第三天，研究对象在起床10.5小时后的3小时内受到了260勒克斯的明亮蓝光照射，然后将其实验结
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果与实验第二天用昏暗光线照射的结果进行了对比。
张女士表示，光线照射、饥饿感和新陈代谢三者之间的作用机制仍然需要进一步的研究证明。
【题干】A Class Apart(A)Housed in a jumble of ancient buildings in the shadow of Westminster
Abbey, Westminster School has been educating boys since it was founded in 1560 by Queen
Elizabeth I to provide lessons for 40 poor scholars.It has evolved since then—its 750 pupils
now include some girls, and with fees of ￡39,252 a year for boarders and￡27,174 for day
pupils, poor scholars are thin on the ground—but for nearly half a millennium, these
historical premises defined its geographical limits.(B)That is about to change.A ground-
breaking ceremony on April 9th marked the start of the con-struction of Westminster Chengdu,
the first stage in a venture with a local partner, Hong Kong Melodious Education Technology
Group.The school is due to open in September 2020 and will have 2,500 pupils from the ages of3
to 18.It will be followed by a further five establishments of a similar size in other Chinese
cities over the next ten years, by the end of which Westminster will be educating 20 times as
many children in China as in the heart of London.(C)A slice of the Chinese operation's income
will flow back to the mother ship, enabling Westmin-ster to increase the share of pupils on
bursaries in Britain from around 5% to 20%.“It w ill give us a revenue stream that will allow
us to go back to our roots,” says Rodney Harris, deputy head-master in London, who is moving
to Chengdu in September to take the top job there.By extend- ing its model to China, the school
thus hopes to mitigate the inequality to which it contributes in Britain.(D)Education used to
be provided by entrepreneurs and religious organizations, but starting in Prus-sia in the 18th
century, governments began to take over.In more recent years the state has domi- nated
education in the rich world, with the private sector restricted to the elite and the pious.In
the developing world, too, new states created from crumbling empires were keen to provide (and
control)education, both to respond to their people's ambitions and to shape the minds of the
next generation.(E)But now the private sector is enjoying a resurgence.Enrolment in private
schools has risen glob- ally over the past 15 years, from 10-17% at primary level and from 19-
27% at secondary level;the increases are happening not so much in the rich world as in low- and
middle-income coun-tries.People are pouring money into schooling, tuition and higher education
(see chart).(F)Four factors are driving the increase.First, incomes are rising, especially
among the better-off.Since birth rates are falling, the amount of money available for each
child is rising even faster than incomes.In China the one-child policy has meant that in many
families six people (four grandparents and two parents)are prepared to invest in the education
of a single child.(G)Second, thanks to the relative decline and increasing capital intensity of
manufacturing, job op-portunities for the less well-educated are shrinking.Even good factory
jobs require qualifica-tions.The returns to education have risen despite the rise in the supply
of well-educated people.In developing countries, which have fewer of them, the returns are
higher than in the rich world,making it even more important for young people there to go to
school.(H)Third, the output of education also provides some of the input: the more children
that are educat-ed, the more teachers will be available to bring on the next lot.This is
especially true in countries in which job opportunities for women are limited: lots of educated
women translate into a ready supply of cheap teachers.(I)Fourth, technology is creating a
demand for new skills which the private sector seems better at providing.It is also opening up
new markets as the Intemet enables people to get educated in dif-ferent ways and at different
times in their lives.(J)The dividing line between private and public is often unclear—many
countries have government schools that are partly privately financed, for instance, and private
羿文教育官网 www.yiwenjy.com 版权所有 7schools that are publicly fi-nanced—and the size and growth of the private sector varies from
country to country.Broadly,the more developed the country, the smaller the private sector's
role tends to be.In Haiti about 80% of primary-school pupils are being educated privately; in
Germany, just 5%.In mainland Europe, the quality of state education is generally high, so the
private sector tends to play a smallish role—though there are wrinkles.For example, a history
of religious divisions in the Netherlands has meant that three-quarters of pupils go to private
schools, the great majority of them publicly financed; in Sweden, 10% do.In America and Britain
the quality of government schools is variable, which explains sizeable elite private sectors
and a growing number of pri-vately managed, publicly funded schools—“charters” in America,
“academies” in Britain.In the tertiary sector, private institutions have a big role in
America, both at the top and the bottom of the market; in Britain, the tertiary sector is now
largely privately financed.(K)In Latin America the Catholic church's big role in schooling, the
low quality of state provision and the rapid growth in demand for tertiary education have all
contributed to a big role for the private sector.In much of South Asia and Africa, poverty,
migration and population growth make it hard for governments to provide schooling in many
cities, so the private sector is big,and growing fast.The elites have already left the public
systems, and many middle-class and poorer people are following.(L)Like Europe, South and East
Asia has generous and mostly good state provision, but unlike Eu-rope they also has a fast-
growing private sector.Vietnam has both the best state-school system in a low-income country
and probably the world's fastest-growing private-school sector.The mar-ket capitalization of
Chinese education companies, bigger than those of any other country, sug-gests that investors
see it as a golden opportunity.(M)The Chinese state is clamping down on the private sector's
role between the ages of 6 and 16,but there is still room for growth.If the child goes to a
private nursery and a private university,and receives two hours of private tuition on each
school day and eight at the weekends, with a summer maths camp thrown in-a fairly standard
routine for a child of Chinese professionals he or she will spend as much time in the private
as in the state sector.(N)All of this makes education attractive to investors, says Ashwin
Assomull of L.E.K.Consulting.Demand is growing faster than incomes and holds up well in
economic downturns.Technology is creating new markets.Schooling is fragmented, but there are
large and growing chains, such as GEMS Education, a Dubai-based company with 47 schools mostly
in the Middle East; Cognita, a British company with 73 schools in eight countries; and
Beaconhouse School Systems, a Pak-istani company with 200 schools in seven countries.(O)The
main downside is the sector's political sensitivity.Private investment in education makes
governments uncomfortable because it pits a private good against a social one.Governments, like
parents, want children to learn, but they also want to maximise social mobility and minimise
in-equality, whereas parents simply want to ensure that their children do better than anyone
else' s.(P)These objectives inevitably conflict, so governments regulate and restrict the
private sector, con-trolling what is taught, banning profits, outlawing selection, cutting fees
and generally making the business unattractive to investors.Yet they need it, too, so they work
with it, channelling its skills, inventiveness and capital and pouring taxpayers' money into
it.
13.【单项选择题】Private education develops at dissimilar speeds in different countries and
plays different roles.In general, the development scale of private education is inversely
proportional to the development degree of the country.
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B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：J
【羿文解析】此句意为“私立教育在不同国家的发展速度不同，发挥的作用也不同。大体来看，私立教育的
发展规模与国家的发展程度成反比”。其中，Private education develops at dissimilar speeds in
different countries与J段第一句最后半句the size and growth of the private sector varies from
country to country意思相近，In generaLthe development scale ofprivate education is inversely
proportional to the development degree of the country与Broadly, the more developed the
country，the smaller the private sector's role tends to be意思相近。故本题选J。
14.【单项选择题】Westminster School could be benefited by its school in China's Chengdu, for
its development is helpful to alleviate the inequalities it has fueled in the UK.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】此句意为“威斯敏斯特公学可以从中国成都分校中获利，因为成都分校的建立有助于减少它在
英国引发的不平等现象”。其中，its development in China与C段最后一句中extending its model to
China意思相近，helpful to alleviate the inequalities it has fueled in the UK与hopes to mitigate
the inequality to which it con-tributes in Britain意思相同。故本题选C。
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15.【单项选择题】Private education is rapidly developing and expanding in Latin America, South
Asia and Africa,resulting from poor-quality education provided by government and the great
demand for higher education in Latin America, and the absence of public education in some areas
of South Asia and Africa.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：K
【羿文解析】此句意为“在拉丁美洲、南亚和非洲地区，拉丁美洲政府提供的教育质量低下，对高等教育的
需求增加，南亚和非洲某些地区缺乏公立教育，因此私立教育发展迅速”。其中，rapidly developing and
expanding与K段第一句a big role和第二句的is big，and growing fast的意义相近，poor-quality
education provided by govemment and the great demand for higher education与the low quality of
state provision and the rapid growth in demand for tertiary education意思相近，the absence
ofpublic education ill some areas与hard for govemments to provide schooling in many cities意思
相近。且题干有关键词Latin America, South Asia and Africa。故本题选K。
16.【单项选择题】The Westminster School initially taught for 40 poor students.It has been a
boys' school for a long time, but later experienced development, so some girls are enrolled
now.?
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
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N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：A
【羿文解析】此句意为“威斯敏斯特公学最初教授40名贫困学生，很长一段时间内是男子学校，但后来不断
发展，现在也有一些女孩入学”。其中taught for 40 poor students与A段第一句中to provide lessons
for 40 poorscholars为同义替换’has been a boys' school fora long time与该段的has been educating
boys since it wasfounded意义相近，later experienced development与该段的evolved since then为同义
替换，some girls are en-rolled与该段的include some girls为同义替换。故本题选A。
17.【单项选择题】Different from Europe, although East Asia area is also equipped with generally
quality public ed-ucation, it is still experiencing the accelerating advancement in private
sectors.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：L
【羿文解析】此句意为“与欧洲不同的是，虽然东亚地区也配备了整体优质的公立教育，但该地区的私立教
育仍在快速发展”。由East Asia可定位到L段。different from是L段第一句unlike的同义替换，equipped
withgenerally quality public education与has generous and mostly good state provision意义相近
，the accelerating ad-vancement in private sectors与该段的fast-growing private sector意思相近。
故本题选L。
18.【单项选择题】The first construction of Westminster School in China is just a start of
expansion, and five other Westminster campuses in other cities of Cluna in the next decade will
be established, which will witness the number of students in China campuses reach 20 times that
of central London.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
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G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】此句意为“威斯敏斯特公学在中国建设的第一个校区只是一个开始，未来十年内，其计划在中
国其他城市建设另外5个校区，到时中国校区的学生人数将达到伦敦市中心的20倍”。a start of the
expansion与B段第二句the first stage in a venture意思相近，in the next decade与over the next ten
years为同义替换，the number of students in China campuses reach 20 times that of central
London与educating 20 times as many chil-dren in China as in the heart of London意思相近。故本题
选B。
19.【单项选择题】According to Ashwin Assomull, the education industry has great appeal to
investments, due to those factors mentioned above.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：N
【羿文解析】此句意为“根据阿斯温·阿索米尔的说法，上述因素都使教育行业具有吸引力，更有可能吸引
投资”。根据关键词Ashwin Assomull定位到N段，due to those factors mentioned above与N段第一句的
all of this 意思相近，the education industry has great appeal to investments与education
attractive to investors意义相近。故本题选N。
20.【单项选择题】The govemment's attitude towards private education is to control its
development on one hand and cooperate with private education on the other hand.
A.A）
B.B）
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C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：P
【羿文解析】此句意为“政府对私立教育的态度是一方面限制其发展，另一方面与私立教育合作”。control
its de-velopment是P段第一句regulate and restrict the private sector的同义替换，cooperate with
private education与they work with it意思相近。故本题选P。
21.【单项选择题】With the decline in birth rates and the increase in people's income, the
investment in each child's education has increased, which has boosted the growth of private
schools' students.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：F
【羿文解析】此句意为“随着出生率的下降和收入的增加，父母对孩子的教育资金投入有所增加，这促进了
私立学校学生的增长”，由mcome可定位到F段。其中，the decline in birth rates and the increase in
people's income 是对F段第二句incomes are rising和F段第三句since birth rates are falling的同义替
换，the investment in each child of education has increased是对the amount of money available
for each child is rising even faster than incomes及后面内容的总结概括。故本题选F。
22.【单项选择题】Manufacturing downturn and increasing capital intensity reduce the the
羿文教育官网 www.yiwenjy.com 版权所有 13opportunities of less edu-cated people seeking for a job.
A.A）
B.B）
C.C）
D.D）
E.E）
F.F）
G.G）
H.H）
I.I）
J.J）
K.K)
L.L)
M.M)
N.N)
O.O)
P.P)
参考答案：G
【羿文解析】此句意为“制造业的衰落和资本密度的提高使教育程度较低者就业机会减少”。根据题干关键
词in-creasing capital intensity定位到G段第一句。其中manufacturing downturn与the relative
decline意义相近，reduce the the opportunities of less educated people seeking for a job与job
opportunities for the less well-educat-ed are shrinking意思相同。故本题选G。
参考译文
独树一帜
A)威斯敏斯特公学位于伦敦市中心威斯敏斯特大教堂附近的古建筑群中。1560年，女王伊丽莎白一世创办威
斯敏斯特公学，让40名贫困学生有学可上，学生均为男性。但从那时起，它发生了一些变化。现在它共有
750名学生，也接收了一些女孩。寄宿生费用为每年39 252英镑，走读生费用为27 174英镑，实际上贫困生已
经鲜有了。但是近半个世纪以来，这些历史前提导致了它在地理上的局限性。
B)但这种状况即将发生改变。4月9日的奠基仪式标志着威斯敏斯特公学成都分校开始建设，这是与当地合作
伙伴香港斯为美教育科技集团合资项目的第一阶段。学校将于2020年9月开学，届时将招收2 500名3至18岁的
学生。未来十年，五所类似规模的分校将在中国其他城市陆续建立，届时威斯敏斯特公学在中国的学生数量
将达到伦敦威斯敏斯特公学的20倍。
C)中国分校的部分收入将流回本部，使威斯敏斯特公学中领取助学金的英国学生的比例从5%右提高到20%左右
。伦敦的副校长罗德尼，哈里斯说：“它将为我们带来收入，让我们能够实现办学初衷。”他将于9月搬到成
都，担任该分校校长。通过将其模式扩展到中国，威斯敏斯特公学希望减轻它在英国助长的不平等。
D)在过去，教育由企业家和宗教组织提供，但从18世纪的普鲁士开始，政府开始接管。近年来，在富裕国家
，政府主导着教育，私立教育仅限于精英阶层和虔诚教徒。在发展中国家，从摇摇欲坠的帝国中建立的新国
家也热衷于提供（和控制）教育，既要对国民的野心做出回应，又要塑造下一代的意识形态。
E)但现在私立教育正在复苏。过去15年来，全球范围内私立学校的入学人数在上升，小学生占比从10%上升到
17%,中学生占比从19%上升到27%。中低收入国家私立学校入学人数的增长超过富裕国家。
F)四个因素推动了这种增长。首先，人们的收入正不断增加，尤其是富裕阶层。由于出生率下降，每个孩子
的可用资金增速甚至超过了收入增速。在中国，独生子女政策意味着在许多家庭中，有六个人（四个祖父母
和两个父母）为一个孩子的教育投资做准备。
G)其次，由于制造业相对衰退且制造业资本密集度不断提高，受教育程度较低者的就业机会正在不断减少。
即使在利润颇丰的工厂工作也有学历要求。尽管受过良好教育的人越来越多，但教育回报率仍在上升。在发
展中国家，受过良好教育的人相对较少，回报率高于发达国家，这使得教育对于那里的年轻人来说更为重要专业网校课程、题库软件、考试用书、资讯信息全方位一体化职业考试学习平台
。
H)再次，教育产出也促进了就业：受教育的孩子越多，下一批教师就越多。在女性就业机会有限的国家尤其
如此，许多受过教育的女性可以转化为工资低廉的教师储备。
I)最后，科技不断要求人类掌握新技能，私立教育似乎更擅长培养这些技能。技术也开辟了新的市场，因为
互联网使拥有不同的生活方式和生活在不同时代的人们都能接受教育。
J)私立和公立学校的界线往往不明确，许多国家的公立学校部分是私人融资的，而私立学校由政府资助。此
外，私立教育的发展规模和速度因国家而异。大体来看，国家越发达，私立教育的作用就越小。在海地，约
80%的小学生正在接受私立教育；在德国，只有5%。在欧洲大陆，国家教育的质量普遍较高，因此私立学校往
往作用不大——虽然也不完全如此。比如，荷兰宗教分裂的历史意味着75%的学生进入私立学校，其中绝大多
数学校是由政府资助的。而在瑞典，私立学校学生占比10%。在美国和英国，公立学校的教育质量参差不齐
，因此出现了大批精英私立学校和越来越多私人管理但由政府资助的学校，这种学校在美国叫“特许学校
”(charters)，在英国叫“学院”(academies)。在第三产业中，私营机构在美国发挥着重要作用，无论是在
市场顶端还是底层。而在英国，第三产业主要是私人融资的。
K)在拉丁美洲，天主教会在学校教育中发挥着重要作用，国家提供低质量教育，以及对高等教育的需求快速
增长，这些都促使私立教育扮演着重要角色。在南亚和非洲的大部分地区，贫困、迁移和人口增长使得政府
在许多城市难以提供学校教育，因此私立学校教育规模庞大，而且增长迅速。精英们已经离开了公立系统
，许多中产阶级和贫穷人群都在追随他们的脚步。
L)与欧洲一样，南亚和东亚各政府资助教育的资金庞大且有效。但与欧洲不同，它们的私立教育行业也在迅
速发展。越南的公立学校体系在低收入国家中最为完善，其私立学校行业可能是世界上发展速度最快的。中
国教育企业的市值比其他任何国家的同类企业都大，这表明投资者认为这是一个千载难逢的机会。
M)中国政府正在弱化私立教育在6至16岁教育中的角色，但私立教育仍有增长空间。如果孩子去私立幼儿园和
私立大学，接受每天放学两小时、周末每天八小时的家教补习，再参加个数学夏令营——这是中国精英的孩
子上学的普遍流程——那么这个孩子在私立和公立教育中花费的时间一样多。
N)艾意凯咨询公司的阿斯温，阿索米尔表示，所有这些都使得教育对投资者具有吸引力。需求增长快于收入
增长，并在经济低迷时期保持良好势头。科技正在创造新的市场。学校教育是分散的，但是也出现了大型且
不断发展的连锁学校。例如总部位于迪拜的环球教育集团公司，拥有47所分校，且大部分位于中东地区；英
国公司Cognita在8个国家拥有73所学校；一家名为Beaconhouse School Systems的巴基斯坦公司在7个国家拥
有200所学校。
O)私立教育的主要缺点是缺少政治敏感性。私人教育投资使政府感到不安，因为它使私营产品与社会公共产
品相抗衡。政府和父母一样，希望孩子们学习，但政府也希望使社会流动性最大化并尽量减少不平等，而父
母只想确保他们的孩子比其他人的孩子过得好。
P)这些目标不可避免地会发生冲突，因此政府监管并限制私立教育，控制其教授的内容，禁止谋取利润和筛
选学生，削减费用，在总体上减少私立教育对投资者的吸引力。然而，政府也需要私立教育，因此它们与之
合作，为其注入技能、创造力和资本，并将纳税人的钱投入其中。
【题干】Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Using Facebook makes people sadder,
at least according to some research.But just what is it about the social network that takes a
hit on our mood? A study of the different ways of interacting with the site now offers an
answer:[Grazing] on the content of other people's idealized lives may make reality
painful.Scientists have long debated Facebook's impact on users' in-the-moment mood as well as
their deeper satisfaction with life.Some studies have found that the site makes us happier;
others, sadder.One of the problems is that most studies were cross-sectional, taking a snapshot
of people at one point of time.But that makes it difficult to separate our use of Facebook from
the many other factors known to affect well-being, from overwork to romantic meltdowns.A 2013
study led by Ethan Kross, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, sidestepped [this
problem] by studying people's use of Facebook over time, surveying them about their well-being
羿文教育官网 www.yiwenjy.com 版权所有 15专专业业网网校校课课程程、、题题库库软软件件、、考考试试用用书书、、资资讯讯信信息息全全方方位位一一体体化化职职业业考考试试学学习习平平台台
five times per day for 2weeks.The conclusion was that the more you use Facebook, the sadder you
get.That study generated an enormous amount of attention.But the results offered no clue to
what it is about the social network, or how people are using it, that might have this negative
effect.Since then, a collaboration of labs including Kross's has tried to tease apart the
mechanisms.The researchers performed an “intervention”, using subjects' personal Facebook
accounts in specific ways.After all, interaction with Facebook consists of a whole set of
activities, from browsing photos and “liking” websites to directly interacting with others
through messages and comments.Last week, Kross shared a sneak preview of his team's
results.Their findings suggest that there is no effect on well-being ifone “actively” uses
Facebook.When subjects directly interacted with the social network by posting status updates,
sharing content, and messaging others, their mood stayed the same over the course of a day.But
the negative impact on well-being that Kross discovered in his 2013 study reappeared for
individuals who were made to “passively” use the site-just browsing through photographs of
other people's happy moments, reading people's conversations, and not contributing
anything.“Using Facebook is not bad for well-being per se,” Kross concluded, but “grazing”
its content is.Possible reasons for this were bounced around by the audience of
psychologists.For example, one theory holds that people post idealized versions of themselves
on Facebook, and comparing those to your own real-world life is toxic if you don't take part in
the online theater.
23.【单项选择题】The word “Grazing” (Para.1)most probably means________.
A.feeding
B.digesting
C.eating
D.scraping
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】词义题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段。最后一句“Grazing他人理想化的生活会让你对现实感
到痛 苦”，考生可以结合文章主旨判断出Grazing有“过度关注”的意思。digesting“消化；吸收，领悟
”可引申为“过度关注”。故本题选B。
24.【单项选择题】What does the phrase “this problem” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Most studies were typical and not general.
B.Most studies made a detailed study of people.
C.It's difficult to separate the use of social network from other factors.
D.There are some other factors affecting well-being.
参考答案：A
【羿文解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三段。第一句为One of the problems is that most
studies were cross-sectional，taking a snapshot of people at one point of time，接下来以A 2013
study led by Ethan Kross为例说明这个实验也忽视了上文提到的problem，因此可知this problem是指第一
句的内容。故本题选A。
25.【单项选择题】Ethan Kross's 2013 study failed to find________.
A.how people use social network
B.whether people will get sad when they use Facebook
C.what it is about Facebook that might have negative effect
D.when people get sad during the use of Facebook
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参考答案：C
【羿文解析】细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第三、四段。第三段最后一句提到了实验结果。第四段But the
resultsoffered no clue to what it is about the social network, or how people are using it,that
might have this negative effect.则提到了实验的缺陷，即研究结果并没有指出究竟是社交网络的哪一方
面，或者人们怎样使用社交网络会带来消极影响。故本题选C。
26.【单项选择题】It can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that________.
A.well-being can be affected if one actively uses Facebook
B.subjects' mood changed when they messaged others through Facebook
C.using Facebook is bad for well-being when people graze its content
D.it's good for people to post their idealized lives on Facebook
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】推断题。根据题干关键词定位到最后两段。由there is no effect on well-being if
one“actively”uses Facebook可知A项错误。由When subjects…messaging others，their mood stayed
the same…可知B项错误。由最后一句可知D项错误。最后一段提到Using Facebook is not bad for well-
being per se…but…“grazing”its content is。故本题选C。
27.【单项选择题】Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of the text?
A.Social network has negative impacts on well-being.
B.Facebook is bad for users' in-the-moment mood.
C.Whether people can actively use social network.
D.Whether Facebook will make you sad depends on how you use it.
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】主旨题。文章第一段点题，指出在社交网络中过度关注他人理想化的生活会让你对现实感到痛
苦。第二至六段介绍了相关实验，最后一段表明实验结果：使用社交网络本身并不会使人忧伤，过度关注他
人发布在网上的理想化生活状态才会使人对现实感到痛苦。故本题选D。
参考译文
一些研究称使用脸书网会让人变得悲伤。那么在社交网络中，究竟是什么在影响我们的情绪？目前，一项采
用了多种网络互动方式的研究给出了答案：过度关注他人理想化的生活会让你对现实感到痛苦。
长期以来，科学家们一直在讨论脸书网对用户的即时情绪及对生活的更深层满意度的影响。一些研究发现
，网络让我们更开心；另一些研究发现，网络让我们更悲伤。
其中有个问题，大部分研究都是典型性的，只选取人们某些时刻的即时印象。这导致我们很难将社交网络的
使用与其他影响我们幸福生活的因素分离开来，这些因素包括劳累过度以及浪漫关系的崩溃。2013年密歇根
大学的心理学家伊森·克罗斯在他主导的研究中同样忽略了这个问题。他研究了一段持续时间内人们对脸书
网的使用情况，每天五次记录他们的生活点滴，这样持续了两周，最后的结论是：耗在脸书网上的时间越长
，你就会越悲伤。
这项研究引起了人们极大的关注。但研究结果并没有指出究竟是社交网络的哪一方面，或者人们怎样使用社
交网络会带来消极影响。
从那时开始，包括克罗斯实验室在内的几家实验室联合推出一个研究项目，尝试梳理出这一内在原理。研究
者对实验进行了“干预”：用特殊方式使用研究对象的脸书网账号。最终，该项目的研究对象在脸书网上的
互动由一系列的活动组成，包括浏览照片和“喜欢”的网站以及通过留言和评论来和他人直接互动。
上周，克罗斯提前透露了该团队的研究结果。其研究结果认为，一个人“积极地”使用脸书网不会影响他的
幸福生活。当研究对象通过更新状态、分享评论和聊天这些方式来直接参与社交网络时，他们的情绪状态与
一天里其他活动中的情绪状态是一样的。而克罗斯在2013年的研究中发现的对幸福生活产生的负面影响则再
一次出现在那些“消极地”使用脸书网的实验者中，这些人被规定只能浏览记录他人幸福时刻的照片和阅读
其他人之间的谈话，而不能参与其中。
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克罗斯认为，“使用脸书网本身并不会对幸福生活产生不良影响”，但“吞食”其中的内容却会造成负面影
响。心理学家们为此找出了很多可能的原因。例如，其中一种理论认为，人们把自己理想的生活状态放到脸
书网上，并把它与现实生活进行对比，这是很危险的，除非你是在参演网络剧。
【题干】Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Latino youths need better education
for Arizona to take full advantage of the possibilities their exploding population
offers.Arizona's fast-growing Latino population offers the state tremendous promise and a
challenge.Even more than the aging of the baby boomers, the Latino boom is fundamentally
reorienting the state's economic and social structure.Immigration and natural increase have
added 600,000 young Latino residents to the state's population in the past decade.Half of the
population younger than 18 in both Phoenix and Tucson is now Latino.Within 20 years, Latinos
will make up half of the homegrown entry-level labour pool in the state ' s two largest labour
markets.What is more, Hispanics are becoming key economic players.Most people don't notice it,
but Latinos born in Arizona make up much of their immigrant parents' economic and educational
deficits.For example, second-generation Mexican-Americans secure an average of 12 grades of
schooling where their parents obtained less than nine.That means they erase 70 percent of their
parents' lag behind third-generation non-Hispanic Whites in a single generation.All of this
hands the state a golden opportunity.At a time when many states will struggle with labour
shortages because of modest population growth, Arizona has a priceless chance to build a
populous, hardworking and skilled workforce on which to base future prosperity.The problem is
that Arizona and its Latino residents may not be able to seize this opportunity.Far too many of
Arizona's Latinos drop out of high school or fail to obtain the basic education needed for more
advanced study.As a result, [educational deficits] are holding back many Latinos—and the
state as well.To be sure,construction and low-end service jobs continue to absorb tens of
thousands of Latino immigrants with little formal education.But over the long term, most of
Arizona's Latino citizens remain ill-prepared to prosper in an increasingly demanding knowledge
economy.For the reason, the educational uplift of Arizona's huge Latino population must move to
the centre of the state's agenda.After all, the education deficits of Arizona's Latino
population will severely cramp the fortunes of hard-working people if they go unaddressed and
could well undercut the state's ability to compete in the new economy.At the entry level,
slower growth rates may create more competition for low-skill jobs, displacing Latinos from a
significant means of support.At the higher end, shortages of Latinos educationally ready to
move up will make it that much harder for knowledge-based companies staff high-skill positions.
28.【单项选择题】The Latino population is changing Arizona's________.
A.aging problem
B.educational system
C.economic structure
D.financial deficits
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】细节题。根据第一段最后一句the Latino boom is fundamentally reorienting the state's
economic and so-cial structure可知，拉丁裔生育高峰期对亚利桑那州经济结构的重新调整更加有影响力
。故本题选C。
29.【单项选择题】What can be inferred from the third paragraph?
A.The Latino population in Arizona is made up of Hispanics and Mexican-Americans.
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B.The first-generation Latinos are immigrants instead ofbeing born in America.
C.70 percent of the first-generation Latinos had less schooling than nine years.
D.The educational system used to be in favour of the non-Hispanic Whites.
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】推断题。文章第三段提到了西班牙裔和墨西哥裔的美国人，但并不等于拉丁裔由这两部分人群
构成，所以排除A项；C项并未提及；D项中的educational system概念并未在第三段中出现。而B项题干中的
first-generation Latinos are immigrants是对原文immigrant parents的同义转述，说明第一代的拉丁裔
美国人是移民。故本题选B。
30.【单项选择题】The underlined part “educational deficits” (Para.4)most probably means
that________.
A.the state did not put much money into education
B.many Latinos are too poor to obtain education
C.education is not a profitable enterprise
D.many Latinos are not well-educated
参考答案：D
【羿文解析】推断题。由前一句Far too many of Arizona's Latinos drop out ofhigh school or fail to
obtain the basic education needed for more advanced study可知，很多拉丁裔人高中辍学，或者未能接
受深造所需要的基础教育，说明拉丁裔未受到良好教育。故本题选D。
31.【单项选择题】According to the author, Arizona should give highest priority to________.
A.controlling the Latino population
B.enhancing the educational level of the Latino population
C.improving the knowledge-based economy
D.building the Latino population into hardworking and skilled workforce
参考答案：B
【羿文解析】细节题。根据最后一段the educational uplift of Arizona's huge Latino population must
move to the cen-tre of the state，sagenda可知，必须把提升亚利桑那州大量拉丁裔人口的教育水平提到
州议事日程的核心位置。题干中的give highest priority和原文move to the centre互为对应。故本题选
B。
32.【单项选择题】It is implied that, in the long run, most Latinos in Arizona will________.
A.bejobless
B.be badly-paid
C.do low-skill jobs
D.do high-skill jobs
参考答案：C
【羿文解析】推断题。根据最后一段At the entry level，slower growth rates may create more
competition for low-skill jobs，displacing Latinos from a significant means of support可知，缓
慢的增长率会导致技术含量低的岗位竞争更加激烈，也就是说从长远来看，拉丁裔只能从事一些技术要求不
高的工作。故本题选C。
参考译文
为使亚利桑那州充分利用激增的拉丁裔人口带来的机会，拉丁裔青年应该接受更好的教育。亚利桑那州快速
增长的拉丁裔人口为该州带来了前所未有的美好前景，但机遇与挑战并存。相较于生育高峰期出生人口的老
龄化弊端，拉丁裔生育高峰期对该州经济和社会结构的重新调整更有影响力。
在过去的10年间，移民和自然资源的增长使亚利桑那州增加了60万拉丁裔年轻居民。现在凤凰城和图森两座
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城市18岁以下的半数人口是拉丁裔人口。未来20年，拉丁裔将占据亚利桑那州最大的两个劳动市场本土初级
劳动资源的一大半。
更重要的是，西班牙裔人口正在扮演着重要的经济角色。大多数人并未注意，但是亚利桑那州出生的拉丁裔
人口弥补了移民父辈的经济、教育赤字。比如说，第二代墨西哥裔美国人确保能够接受12年教育，但是他们
的父母只上过9年学。这意味着只用了一代人的时间，他们就消除了父母与第三代非西班牙裔白人之间70%的
差距。
所有这些都为亚利桑那州带来了绝佳的机会。正当许多州因为平缓的人口增长挣扎于劳动力短缺的时候，亚
利桑那州面前摆着一个为了未来繁荣富强，建立一支人数众多、勤奋努力和技术高超的劳动力大军的宝贵机
会。问题是亚利桑那州及其拉丁裔人可能无法抓住这个机会。因为很多的拉丁裔人高中辍学，或者未能接受
深造所需要的基础教育。结果，教育缺失拖了许多拉丁裔人的后腿——也耽误了亚利桑那州的发展。固然
，建筑业和低级服务行业会继续吸引成千上万未受过正式教育的拉丁裔移民，但是从长远来看，大多数拉丁
裔人在对人要求越来越高的知识经济中取得成功缺乏准备。
因此，必须把提升亚利桑那州大量拉丁裔人口的教育水平提到州议事日程的核心位置。毕竟，如果亚利桑那
州的拉丁裔人缺乏教育的问题得不到重视，将会严重限制工作勤奋的人获得成功的机会，也会大大削弱亚利
桑那州在新经济体制下的竞争力。从基础层面来讲，缓慢的增长率会导致技术含量低的岗位竞争更为激烈
，从而导致拉丁裔人口被排除在重要的生产大军之外。而从更高的层面来说，对于适应工作升迁而接受充分
教育的拉丁裔人群的稀缺会导致以知识为基础的公司员工高技术要求岗位更难得到补充。
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