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上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
绝密★启用前
2022 年 1 月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
I.ListeningComprehension
SectionA
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end
of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the
questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read
the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question
youhaveheard.
1.A.Bytheshuttlebus. B.Byafriend'sprivatecar.
C.Bythesubway. D.Byasharedbike.
2.A.Academicproblems. B.AtourofPearlLakeUniversity.
C.AWeekendtravelplan. D.ThemottoofPearlLakeUniversity.
3.A.Theladywillgohikingnextweek.
B.Theladytookherkittentothecliniclastweek.
C.Themancaresaboutthewoman.
D.Themandidn'tgohikinglastweek.
4.A.HewantstotraveltoShanghai. B.Hehasfoundasuitablejob.
C.Hegraduatedlastmonth. D.HishometownmaybeNantong.
5.A.Silent. B.Crazy.
C.Relieved. D.Depressed.
6.A.Hewantsthehousetohaveagarageandagarden.
B.Hejustwantsaspacetosunbatheinhishouse.
C.Hewantstobuyavilla.
D.HelikesEuropeanstyledecoration.
7.A.Heiscrazyaboutreading. B.Helikesthedecorationstyleofthelibrary.
C.Heisaknowledgeablecollegestudent. D.Heisalibrarian.
8.A.Shelikessimilarcarmodels.
B.Shepromisedarefundwithinaweek.
C.Sheencouragedthemantobuythemodelcar.
D.Shehassoldalotofcars.
9.A.Hewantstoleavethecompany.
B.Heistheprojectleaderofthecompany.
C.Hethinkstheirhardworkwillbewasted.
D.Hewillannouncetheprogressoftheproject.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
10.A.Hischildcamehomelateandhadnofood.
B.Hehassparedsomefoodforhischild.
C.Thewholefamilywaitedthechildcamebackfordinner.
D.Hewasveryangrywithhischild'sbehavior.
SectionB
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each
passage or converstion, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation
will be readtwice, butthe question will be spoken only once. When youhear a question, read the
four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you
haveheard.
Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
11.A.Methodforsortingoutrefrigeratorsundries.
B.Preparationmethodofweightlossmeal.
C.Strategiestoavoidexcessivepre-dinnersnacks
D.Thefoodontheplateismoredelicious.
12.A.Youcaneatfriedfoodbeforedinner.
B.Youcan'teatanyfoodbeforedinner.
C.Youcanonlyputyourpremealsnacksontheplate.
D.Youcanhaveasliceoftoastintheafternoon.
13.A.Thiscanreducefoodintake. B.Thiscanaggravatepeople'sbodyanxiety.
C.Thiswillmakeuseatmore. D.Thisavoidsmakingcomplexdinners.
Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
14.A.3,000billiontrees. B.400billiontrees.
C.50milliontrees. D.15billiontrees.
15.A.Russiahasalwaysrankedfirstinthenumberoftrees.
B.Treeswouldbegoneinthefutureatcurrentremovalrate.
C.Peoplewillplanttreesonthecultivatedland.
D.Itisimpossibletocalculatethetotalnumberoftrees.
16.A.Tostoppeoplefrombuildinghousesendlessly.
B.Todrawpeople'sattentiontotheimportanceoftrees.
C.Tocallonpeopletoprotectthehomesofwildanimals.
D.Toattractpeopletostudythegrowthenvironmentoftrees.
Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.
17.A.Personaltravelplan. B.Travelexperience.
C.Partydress. D.Organizationofwork.
18.A.Jerrywilltravelbyhigh-speedrail. B.JerryisHelen'scousin.
C.Jerry'sparentsliveinNanjing. D.Jerryisrestinginhisapartmentnow.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
19.A.Sheknowsthebossthere. B.Shebookedthetableamonthearlier.
C.Herfriendworksinthisrestaurant. D.Shehasanoblestatus.
20.A.Goingforapicnicintheforestpark.
B.Restingintheapartment.
C.GoingtotheDomingorestaurantfordinner.
D.GoingtoShanghaiMuseum.,
II.GrammarandVocabulary
SectionA
Directions: After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherentand
grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof
thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
TheLightsofAurora
On the night of 2 September 1859, the dark sky over Europe and North America was
suddenly full of light. The light did not come from the sun or the moon—and it had a strange
colour. The light moved across the sky, (21) ________ (come) and going, like clouds in a strong
wind.IntheUnitedStates,amaninBostonwasusingthetelegraphtospeaktoamaninPortland,
160 km away.They both turned off the electricity for the telegraph, but (22) ________ could still
speak to each other for the next two hours. The electricity was coming from the light in the sky.
Howwasthispossible?Andwhatwasthelightinthesky?
The light is called the aurora. Usually, you can see it only at the very north of the earth,
(23)________ it is called aurora borealis or Northern Lights, or at the very south, where it is the
aurora australis or Southern Lights. But in 1859, something happened in the sun—a very large
storm—and it moved the aurora across the middle of the earth. We do not think that his ever
happenedbefore1859,andweknowthatit(24)________(nothappen)sincethen.
Why does the aurora happen?And why can we only see it at the top or bottom of the earth?
The aurora is made by something (25) ________ (call) the ‘solar wind’(wind from the sun). We
cannotseethiswind,ortouchit.Itisawindofparticlesthattravelawayfromthesunallthetime
atabout400kilometresasecond.Mostoftheparticles nevertouchtheearth.Theearthhasakind
of ‘wall’ around it that defends it (26) ________ these particles. This wall is called the earth's
magnetic field, and it pushes the particles away on either side. But the earth's magnetic field has
two ‘windows’ in it: the magnetic north, and the magnetic south. At these places, the earth's
magnetic field turns down into the earth. And some of the particles from the solar wind come
throughthesemagnetic‘windows’.Thesesolarparticlescrashintotheparticlesthatarealreadyin
our sky. And (27) ________ this happens, we see the beautiful lines or clouds of light of the
aurora.
Alaskaisagoodplace(28)________(see)theauroraborealis,andyoucanalsogotoplaces
like Iceland, Siberia, the north of Greenland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland. To see the aurora上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
australis,gotothesouthofAustralia,Tasmania,orNewZealand.
People travel thousands of kilometres to see the aurora, and they can never be sure
(29)________itwillhappen.But(30)________doseeitsaythattheywillneverforgetit.
SectionB
Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe
usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.characteristics B.diverse C.employ D.function E.issue
F.integration G.hit H.military I.potential J.schemes K.wearers
FutureFashion:BiometricBodysuits
A team of the Applied NanoBioscience Center at Arizona State University has built
prototypes(原型) of biometric bodysuits.They can detectchemical attacks, deliver drugs to their
(31) ________, or even perfume scents if your body temperature rises too much. The
(32)________ version of the Scentsory Chameleon Bodysuit incorporates fuel cells to provide a
lightweight source of power for the soldier's equipment. The civilian one can monitor your heart
orbloodpressure,deliverinteractivegamesorsimplyworkasawearablecomputer.Youwilleven
be able to download new colors and patterns from the Web to change your appearance according
to this article from East Valley Tribune in Arizona. Both versions should (33) ________ the
marketwithinafewyears.
FredericZenhausern,directoroftheAppliedNanoBioscienceCenteratASU,hasjoinedwith
Ghassan Jabbour, a professor at the University of Arizona, to develop two prototypes of
“biometric bodysuits” that contain embedded sensors, power sources, microfluidic devices and
other gadgets not normally associated with the latest Paris fashions. Such “smart” clothing could
(34)________futuresoldiersearlywarningofchemicalattacksorautomaticallydeliverinsulinto
diabetics,Zenhausemnsaid.“Thebiometricbodysuitshowshowelectronicsandfluidics(流体学)
can be incorporated into clothing to perform a wide range of (35) ________ tasks, from highly
functionaltotheaesthetic.”hesaid.
The civilian Chameleon will have somewhat different (36) ________. Its biometric outfit
demonstrates how miniature electronics could be embedded in clothing to promote health. It is
made of clear vinyl (乙烯基) and white plastics to show the placement of various electronic and
fluidicdevices.Inthefuture,suchanoutfitcoulddiagnosediseasesanddelivermedicationstothe
wearer, monitor heart rate or blood pressure, deliver interactive games and other forms of
entertainmentor(37)________asawearablecomputer.
Another possibility would be to download different designs from the Internet so the fabrio
couldchange colors andpatterns,Zenhausernsaid.Anditcouldallbemade tolookstylish bythe
(38)________ofelectronics andhigh-fashion designs, hesaid. In fact, the conceptof embedding
microelectronics in fabrics has (39) ________ far beyond clothing. Sheila Kennedy, a上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
Boston-based architect and visiting professor at the Harvard University Graduate School of
Design, seespossibilities to (40)________the technology in buildingdesign.As an example, she
said window shades containing organic light emitting diodes (二极管) could produce electricity
fromsunlightthatwouldhelpgeneratepower.
III.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,
B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Artificially sweetened diet drinks make no difference to weight gain and should not be seen
as healthier than their sugar-laden counterparts, according to a team of experts. A review of
research evidence concludes there is nothing to supportclaims that sugar-free versions ofpopular
soft drinks can help (41) ________ obesity and related diseases such as Type 2 diabetes.
Industry-sponsored studies reporting “favourable” associations between diet drinks and weight
lossmaybebiased,itclaims.
Therehavebeenconcernsthatdietdrinks,knownasartificiallysweetenedbeverages(ASBs),
might lead people to consume more calories by (42) ________ sweet flavour taste buds.The new
study found that evidence (43) ________ the healthiness of ASBs was inconclusive with
randomised controlled trials (RCTs) producing mixed results. Senior investigator Professor
ChristopherMillettsaid:“Acommonperception,whichmaybeinfluencedbyindustrymarketing,
isthatbecause‘diet'drinkshavenosugar,theymustbehealthierandaidweightlosswhenusedas
a(n)(44)________forfullsugarversions.”However,wefoundnosolidevidencetosupportthis.
Theresearcherspointedoutthatresearchsupportedbyfoodorbeveragecompanieswasmore
likely to find no evidence of links between sugary drink (45) ________ and obesity than non-
industry sponsored research. Similarly, ASB industry-sponsored research was “more likely to
reportfavourableresultsand(46)________regardingASBeffectsonweightcontrol”.
In many cases, researchers had failed to disclose (47) ________ of interest relating to links
with the food industry, it was claimed. Co-author Dr Maria Carolina Borges said: “The lack of
solid evidence on the health effects of ASBs and the potential influence of bias from industry
funded studies should be taken seriously when discussing whether ASBs are (48) ________
alternativestoSSBs(sugar-sweetenedbeverages).”
Leading British nutritionist Professor Susan Jebb said despite the mixed evidence, there was
no reason to believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened (49) ________ did
any harm. She said: “For people seeking to manage their weight, tap water is (50) ________ the
best drink to choose, for health and the environment, but for many people who are used to
drinking sugary drinks, this will be too hard a change to (51) ________ Artificially sweetened
drinksareastepinthe(52)________directiontocutcalories.”DieticianProfessorTomSanders,
wasalsocriticaloftheresearch,callingit“anopinionpieceratherthana(n)(53)________review上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
of the evidence”. He (54) ________: “The conclusion that reduced sugar or sugar-free drinks
should not be promoted or seen as part of a healthy diet seems unwarranted and likely to add to
public(55)________.”
41.A.relieve B.oppose C.prevent D.bother
42.A.inserting B.stimulating C.enhancing D.securing
43.A.resultingfrom B.referringto C.dependingon D.relatingto
44.A.substitute B.proposal C.suspect D.implication
45.A.efficiency B.consumption C.distribution D.modernization
46.A.appointments B.instructions C.performances D.conclusions
47.A.threats B.matters C.conflicts D.appeals
48.A.adequate B.essential C.available D.deliberate
49.A.initiatives B.alternatives C.objectives D.representatives
50.A.withoutquestion B.beyonddescription
C.aroundthecorner D.inconsequence
51.A.settle B.route C.mend D.make
52.A.wrong B.right C.proper D.opposite
53.A.democratic B.automatic C.systematic D.dramatic
54.A.transferred B.ranged C.accessed D.added
55.A.fascination B.ambition C.confusion D.isolation
SectionB
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinishedstatements. Foreachofthemtherearefour choices markedA, B, C andD. Choosethe
onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
Ifa single word candescribeour daily life duringthose firstthree years, itis “scrounge” (讨
要). Every waking moment we were concentrating on how the hell we would be able to save up
enough dough (面团;钱)to do whatever it was wehad to do.Usually itwas just breakeven.And
there's nothing romantic about it, either. Remember the famous stanza in Omar Khayyam? You
know, the book of verses underneath the bough, the loaf of bread, the jug of wine and so forth?
Substitute Scott onTrusts for that book ofverses and see how this poetic vision stacks upagainst
my idyllic existence. Ah, paradise? No, bullshit. All I'd think about is how much that book was
(could we get it secondhand?) and where, if anywhere, we might be able to charge that bread and
wine.Andthenhowwemightultimatelyscroungeupthedoughtopayoffourdebts.
Life changes. Even the simplest decision must be scrutinized by the ever vigilant budget
committeeofyourmind.
“Hey,Oliver,let'sgoseeBeckettonight.”上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
“Listen,it'sthreebucks.”
“Whatdoyoumean?”
“Imeanabuckfiftyforyouandabuckfiftyforme.”
“Doesthatmeanyesorno?”
“Neither.Itjustmeansthreebucks.”
Our honeymoon was spent on a yacht and with twenty-one children. That is, I sailed a
thirty-six-foot Rhodes from seven in the morning till whenever my passengers had enough, and
Jenny was a children's counselor. It was a place called the Pequod Boat Club in Dennis Port (not
farfromHyannis),anestablishmentthatincludedalargehotel,amarinaandseveraldozenhouses
for rent. In one of the tinier bungalows, I have nailed an imaginary plaque (匾牌): “Oliver and
Jenny slept here.” I think it's a tribute to us both that after a long day of being kind to our
customers, for we were largely dependent on their tips for our income, Jenny and I were
nonethelesskindtoeachother.Isimplysay“kind”,becauseIlackthevocabularytodescribewhat
lovingandbeinglovedbyJenniferCavilleriislike.Sorry,ImeanJenniferBarrett.
Before leaving for the Cape, we found a cheap apartment in North Cambridge. I called it
North Cambridge, although the address was technically in the town of Somerville and the house
was, as Jenny described it, “in the state of disrepair”. It had originally been a two-family
structure，nowconvertedintofourapartments,overpricedevenatits“cheap”rental.Butwhatthe
hellcangraduatestudentsdo?It'saseller'smarket.
56.WhatcanwelearnfromtheconversationbetweenOliverandJenny?
A.NoneofthemwantedtoseeBecket.
B.Theydidn'thavethreebucks.
C.Jennywaswastingmoney.
D.Oliverwasathriftyman.
57.WhywereOliverandJennyfriendlytocustomers?
A.Theywerebothcounselorsforchildren.
B.Theyneededtogettipsfromcustomers.
C.Theydidn'thaveenoughroomtolivein.
D.Thatwastheruleontheyacht.
58.By“inthestateofdisrepair”,theauthorimpliesthat________.
A.theapartmentwasverycheap
B.theapartmentwasveryexpensive
C.theiraccomodationisnotdecent
D.theiraccomodationisverydecent
59.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?
A.Acouple'sdebtrepaymentprocess.
B.Acouple'shoneymoontrip.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
C.Acouple'shardlife.
D.Acouple'slifeonayacht.
(B)
SummerCampRules
Whether it's your child's first year at camp, or they are a seasoned camper and need a little
refresher, it's a good idea to go over summer camp rules and guidelines before leaving for camp.
Camp rules are in placeto keep the camp community safeand camp operations runningsmoothly
throughouttheirstay.
1.KeepYourPersonalSpaceClean
Since your child will be in close quarters with many other campers, it's important that they
understandthenecessityofkeepingtheirsleepingandlivingareasorganized.
Go over ways for your child to stay organized and tidy before they leave for camp. When
packing, make sure to provide a laundry bag to keep clean and dirty clothing separate. Utillize
underbedspaceorputclothesonyourshelvesorcubbiesratherthanlivingoutofyoursuitcaseor
camptrunk.
It also helps to not over pack. Follow packing list guidelines closely so your child can find
what they need without having to dig through piles of clothing that were not recommended. This
also helps you child know what they have in their luggage so they pull out the sweatshirt when it
gets cold, instead of thinking there wasn't one in their bag. Remind your child of their camp
accountsotheycanpurchaseitemsfromthecampstoreifnecessary.
2.ValuablesatCamp
As a best practice, we recommend leaving all valuables at home. Even if your child has a
bracelet or necklace that they never take off, there is still the chance that it could be lost while
swimmingorparticipatingincampactivities.
Ifyouarethinkingaboutbringinganexpensiveitemofclothing,bepreparedforittogetlost
or damaged. You may be better off buying a new, less expensive version. To be on the safe side,
don'tletyourchildbringanythingirreplaceableoremotionallyvaluabletocamp.
3.PlayNice
Name calling, fighting, bullying, and arguing are strictly prohibited at summer camp. Camp
is a place to make friends, so aggressive behavior is not tolerated. Remind your child that they
don'thavetobeeverybody'sbestfriend,buttheydohavetobefriendlytoeveryone.
Encourage your child to go into camp with the mindset of making a few new friends, and
chancesaretheywillleavecamphavingmademorethanafew.
4.HaveFunandTryNewThings
At the end of the day, summer camp is about getting out of your comfort zone, trying new
things, and having a blast. Before your child leaves for camp, congratulate them for being brave
enough to try sleepaway camp in the first place. Let them know that they’ve already won just by上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
trying, and the fun part is just about to begin. Remind them again that summer camp rules exist
onlytoimprovetheoverallcampexperienceandtocreateacommunityoffun.
60.Whatisthepurposeofclarifyingtherulesofsummercamp?
A.Enrichchildren'ssummercampoperation.
B.Ensurethesafetyofchildrenparticipatinginsummercamp.
C.Cultivatechildren'sabilitytosurviveinthewild.
D.Helpchildrendevelopgoodcleaninghabits.
61.Whichofthefollowingbehaviorsisadvocatedbythesummercamp?
A.Takeyourfavoritevaluables.
B.Fightwithcampingfriends.
C.Avoidparticipatinginhazardousactivities.
D.Keeppersonalcampingsuppliesinorder.
62.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Enjoytheuniquefunbroughtbynewthings.
B.Makegoodfriendswhereveryouare.
C.Followtherulesofsummercamp.
D.Getenoughsleepbeforecamping.
(C)
Conservationists go to war over whether humans are the measure of nature's value. New
Conservationists argue such trade-offs are necessary in this human-dominated epoch. And they
support “re-wilding”, a concept originally proposed by Soule where people curtail economic
growthandwithdrawfromlandscapes,whichthenreturntonature.
New Conservationists believe the withdrawal could happen together with economic growth.
The California-based Breakthrough Institute believes in a future where most people live in cities
andrelylessonnaturalresourcesforeconomicgrowth.
They would get food from industrial agriculture, including genetically modified foods,
desalination, intensified meat production and aquaculture, all of which have a smaller land
footprint.Andtheywouldgettheirenergyfromrenewablesandnaturalgas.
Driving these profound shifts would be greater efficiency of production, where more
products could be manufactured from fewer inputs.And some unsustainable commodities would
be replaced in the market by other, greener ones—natural gas for coal, for instance, explained
Michael Shellenberger, president of the Breakthrough Institute. Nature would, in essence, be
decoupledfromtheeconomy.
And then he added a caveat: “We are not suggesting decoupling as the paradigm to save the
world,orthatitsolvesalltheproblemsoreliminatesallthetrade-offs.”
Cynics (悲观者) may sayall this soundstoo utopian , butBreakthrough maintains the world上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
isalreadyonthis pathtowarddecoupling. Nowhereis thismore evidentthanin theUnited States,
accordingtoIddoWernick,aresearchscholarattheRockefellerUniversity,whohasexaminedthe
nation'suseof100maincommodities.
Wernick and his colleagues looked at data carefully from the U.S. Geological Survey
National Minerals Information Center, which keeps a record of commodities used from 1900
through the present day.They found that the use of 36 commodities (sand, ire ore, cotton, etc.) in
theU.S.economyhadpeaked.
Another 53 commodities (nitrogen, timber, beef, etc.) are being used more efficiently per
dollar value of gross domestic product than in the pre-1970s era. Their use would peak soon,
Wernicksaid.
Only 11 commodities (industrial diamond, indium, chicken, etc.) are increasing in use
(Greenwire, Nov.6), and most of these are employed by industries in small quantities to improve
systems processes. Chicken use is rising because people are eating less beef, a desirable
developmentsincepoultrycultivationhasasmallerenvironmentalfootprint.
The numbers show the United States has not intensified resource consumption since the
1970s even while increasing its GDP and population, said Jesse Ausubel of the Rockefeller
University.
“It seems like the 20th-century expectation we had, we were always assuming the future
entailed greater consumption of resources,” Ausubel said. “But what we are seeing in the
developedcountriesis,ofcourse,peaks.”
63.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trade-offs”refertointhefirstparagraph?
A.Thebalancebetweenhumandevelopmentandnaturalecology.
B.Theprofitabilityofimportandexporttrade.
C.Theconsumptionofnaturalresourcesbyindustrialdevelopment.
D.Thedifficultplightofeconomicgrowth.
64.Whichofthefollowingistrueoftheviewsofthenewenvironmentalists?
A.Theybelievethatmankindshouldliveinforestswithrichvegetation.
B.Theybelievethatmankindwillneedmorenaturalresourcesinthefuture.
C.Theybelievethatmankindisthemasterofthewholeuniverse.
D.Theybelievethatmankindshouldlimiteconomicgrowth.
65.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphofthepassage?
A.Naturalresourcescannotsupporteconomicdevelopment.
B.Moreresourceconsumptionwillnotoccurinacertainperiodoftime.
C.Excessiveresourceconsumptionwillnotaffecttheecologicalenvironment.
D.Allresourceconsumptionindevelopedcountrieshasreachedapeak.
66.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A.Urbanizationandre-wildness.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
B.Humanexistenceandindustrialdevelopment.
C.Socioeconomicdevelopmentandresourceconsumption.
D.Commoditytradingandrawmaterialdevelopment.
SectionC
Directions: Complete thefollowing passagebyusing the sentencesin the box.Each sentencecan
onlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.
A.However,thisisnotthecasewhenlibrarieslende-books.
B.Thismaynotbeabigissuenow,fore-booksareminorinpublishing.
C.Also,publishersassumegetmoreprofitsfromlibrarieswherereaderspaythemmore.
D. Publishing contracts often don't specify whether and how much authors receive for e-books
salesorfore-lending.
E. Extension alone would do little if the current funds under the schemes were merely
re-distributedfrombookstoe-books.
F. For this reason, authors and publishers have been talking the Government into extending the
LendingRightsSchemestoe-books.
ShouldWritersBePaidforTheirE-booksLentbyLibraries?
When libraries lend books to the public, authors and publishers receive remuneration from
theGovernmentundertheLendingRightsschemes.(67)________Isthisfair?
This year, the government has distributed almost a $22 million under these Public Lending
Rights and Educational Lending Rights Schemes. For each book in public library collections,
creatorsreceive$2.11andpublishersreceive$0.52.
The amount that each claimant receives is often not very significant, with the majority of
authors receiving between $100-500 annually. Still, a previous study has revealed that this
remuneration constitutes the second most important source of income for creators from their
creativework.
E-books,however,arenotcoveredbytheseLendingRightsschemes.(68)________
But e-book lending is increasing and, according to the Australian Library and Information
Association, e-books are likely to reach 20% of library holdings by 2020. Also, most, if not all,
self-published titles are done so in digital format only. Such self-published titles, if lent by
libraries,wouldnotqualifyforanyremuneration.
(69) ________ Although the Book Industry Collaborative Council made such proposal
alreadyinareportof2013,nothinghashappenedofyet.
Oneofthemainreasonswhye-booksarenotcoveredisthate-booklendingisquitedifferent
from print book lending. In case of print books, authors and publishers are arguably losing on
customersandrevenueswhenlibrariesloantheirbooksforfree.
Creators only receive $2.11 and publishers receive $0.52 for each book in public library
collections.上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
Atpresent, in the case of e-books, many publishers chosenot to sell these books to libraries.
(70)________
While publishers charge libraries high prices for e-books, writers complain that these
amounts do not reach them. Publishing contracts often don't specify whether and how much
authorsreceivefore-bookssalesorfore-lending.
IV.SummaryWriting
71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthe
passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.
Neuroscientists usually define a singular memory as an engram (记忆印记)—a physical
change in braintissueassociated with aparticular recollection.Recently,brain scansrevealed that
an engram isn't isolated to one region of the brain and instead manifests as a colorful splattering
across the neural tissue. “Amemory looks more like a web in the brain than a single spot,” says
neuroscientist and National Geographic Explorer Steve Ramirez of Boston University. That's
becausewhenamemoryis created,itincludesallthevisual,auditory,andtactile inputsthatmake
anexperiencememorable,andbraincellsareencodedfromallofthoseregions.
Now, scientists are even able to track how memories move across the brain, like detectives
findingfootprintsinthesnow.WhileatMITin2013,RamirezandhisresearchpartnerXuLiuhad
abreakthrough:Theywereabletotargetthecellsthatmakeuponeengraminamouse'sbrainand
thenimplantafalsememory.Intheirwork,micereactedinfeartoaparticularstimulusevenwhen
they had not been conditioned in advance. While mouse brains are less advanced than the human
equivalent, Ramirez says they can still help neuroscientists understand how our memories work,
too.
In their current work, Ramirez and his colleagues are investigating whether positive and
negative memories are stored in different groups of brain cells, and whether negative memories
can be “overwritten” by positive ones. To prep mice for the experiments, the team injects the
animals’brainswith a virus thatcontainsfluorescentproteins andsurgically implants optic fibers.
The mice are then given a diet that prevents the virus from fluorescing until the researchers are
readytotagapositiveornegativeexperience.Positivememoriesarecreatedbyputtingmalemice
in cages with female mice for an hour, and negative memories are created by putting the mice in
cages that deliver brief foot shocks. Once the mice have been conditioned to associate certain
triggers with each experience, they undergo a short surgical operation so the scientists can
stimulatethecellsassociatedwiththepositiveornegativeengrams.
They are finding that activating positive memories while a mouse is in a cage it associates
with fear makes that mouse less fearful. Using a different technique, University of Toronto
neuroscientistSheenaJosselynwasabletocompletelyeliminatefearmemoriesinmice.
V.Translation上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.
72.他已经几十年没见过如此壮美的日出了。(since)
73.小张昨天在田里播下种子, 期待来年的丰收。(sow)
74.鉴于不熟悉用手机打车的老人不在少数, 这家公司提供了一系列服务来满足他们的需求。
(afew)
75.正是因为贯彻了“顾客为本”的理念, 那家落寞已久的社区商场才得以重回大众视线。 (it)
VI.GuidedWriting
Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120--150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgiven
belowinChinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李明, 入冬以来，你校组织全校师生每周一至周五晨跑时间
为7:30—7:50, 休息5分钟后上第一节课。但有同学反映, 晨跑后身体不适, 因此学校委托
学生会征询大家对晨跑的意见。请你给学生会写一封邮件, 内容必须包括：
(1) 你认为该晨跑安排中存在的问题；
(2) 你的改进建议及理由。
绝密★启用前上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
2022 年 1 月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）
英语试卷 答案
（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）
1.ListeningComprehension(共25分。1-10 每题1分;11-20 每题1.5分。)
1-10ABBDC 6-10BACCB 11-13CDA 14-16ABB 17-20ACBA
II.GrammarandVocabulary(共20分。每小题1分。)
21.coming 22.they 23.where 24.hasnothappened 25.called 26.against
27.when/as 28.tosee 29.that 30.whoever
III.ReadingComprehension(共45分。41-55 每题1分;56-70每题2分。)
31-40KHGEBADFIC 41-55CBDABDCABADBCDC
56-59DBCC60-62BDC63-66ADBC
67-70ABFC
IV.SummaryWriting(共10分。)
71. Possible 1: Memory is like a net in the brain. Scientists can even track the movement of
memory in the brain. At present, Sheena Josselyn, a neuroscientist at the University of Toronto,
has used mice as experimental objects, using a different technology, which can completely
eliminatethefearmemoryofmice.(49words)
Possible 2: Recently, brain scans revealed that an engram isn't isolated to one region of the
brain and instead manifests as a colorful splattering across the neural tissue. Scientists not only
trackedthemovementofmemoryinthebrain,butalsostudiedthestoragelocationandinteraction
betweenpositivememoryandnegativememory.(51Words)
V.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
72. It is/It has been decades since he saw such a magnificent sunrise/so magnificent a
sunshine.
Or: Decades has passed since he last witnessed the imposing/ glorious/ splendid/impressive/
spectacularsunrise.
Or:Hehasn'tseensuchamagnificentsunriseindecades/sincedecadesago.
73.XiaoZhangsowedtheseedsinthefieldyesterday,expectingagoodharvestnextyear.
Or: Xiao Zhang sowed the seeds in the field yesterday, looking forward to a good harvest in
thecomingyear.
Or: Xiao Zhang sowed in the field yesterday, in (the) hope of having a good harvest for the
comingyear.
74.Given (thefact) that/In considerationofthe factthat/In (the) lightofthe factthat/Inview
of the fact that/ Considering (that) quite a few elderly people/senior citizens are unfamiliar with/
arenotfamiliarwith/arenotskilledintakingataxiwithmobilephone/usingmobilephonetotake
a taxi, this company offers/ provides/ presents/ furnishes/ affords/ 'supplies a series of/a range上海最大个人家教平台---【嘉惠家教】
帮上海数万家庭匹配满意老师， 对接 V:jiajiao6767 （嘉惠老师）
of/an array of services to respond to/ cater to/ meet satisfy serve/ answer/address their needs/
demands.
75. It was because of the implementation of the “customer-oriented/ customer-based/
customer-first” principle/ philosophy that this long-filing/ almost- deserted/ dead-silent/ lifeless
community shopping mall returned to public's attention/regained public's attention/came back to
thesightofthepublic.
Or: It was because the “customer-oriented” principle/ philosophy was implemented that this
communityshoppingmallfailing/thathadbeenfailingforalongtimeregainedpublic'sattention.
V.GuidedWriting(共25分。)
76.
DearStudentUnion,
Having learnt our school has been organizing the morning running from 7:30 a.m. to 7:50
a.m.inthiswinter,Iamwritingtosharemyviewsandsuggestions.
It is conceivable that morning workout exerts a positive impact on our health. However, this
arrangementdoesleadtosomeunfavorableresults.Tobeginwith, ourschoolseemstofailtotake
into account the fact that we can't resist the temptation of a warm bed in winter, let alone run for
20 minutes in freezing cold wind. Things can go wrong on a big scale if we lack of sleep and
intense exercise may make us feel dizzy. Moreover, since the first class begins only five minutes
after the workout, students may have difficulties in concentrating in class and lead to dozing off
eventually.Ifthingsgoonlikethis,students’academicperformancewillleavemuchtobedesired.
One helpful step is to ask students to go for a run in the late afternoon instead of the early
morning. In this way, there is no denying that students can benefit from physical training without
posing a threat to their health. Another possibility is to take a gradual approach to exercise. Let
students get used to running by notrunning too fast at first or reduce the amount of time students
spendrunning.
Tosummarize,runninginthelateafternooncanbeaneffectivewaytohelppromotestudents'
well-being and ensure learning efficiency. I do hope that my suggestions will be taken into
consideration.
Yourssincerely,
LiMing
