专题 05 Unit 3 Same or Different
Section A How are we different from each other?
单词学习
1.compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/v. 比较；对比 16.spare /speə(r)/ adj., v.空闲的；备用的；抽出；
2.shy /ʃaɪ/adj. 害羞的 拨出
3.lazy /ˈleɪzi/adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的 17.spare time /ˈspeə(r) taɪm/ 短语 空闲时间
4.loud/laʊd/ adv., adj. 响亮地；大声的 18.pleasure/ˈpleʒə(r)/ n.乐事；愉快；荣幸
5.outgoing/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ adj. 外向的 19.have sth in common /hæv sth ɪn ˈkɒmən/短 语
6.hard - working/ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 勤奋的 有共同之处
7.perform/pəˈfɔːm/ v.表演；执行 20.appearance/əˈpɪərəns/ n.外表；露面
8.solve/sɒlv/ v.解决；解答 21.personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n.性格；品质
9.flute/fluːt/ n.长笛 22.serious/ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严肃的；严重的
10.congratulation/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/ n. 祝 贺 ； 23.strength/streŋθ/ n.优势；力量
恭喜 24.fact/fækt/ n.事实；现实
11.Congratulations (on ...)!/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃnz ɒn .../ 25.slim/slɪm/ adj. 苗条的；薄的
短语（对…… 表示）祝贺！ 26.population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口
12.prize/praɪz/n.奖；奖励 27.km/ˈkɪləmiːtə(r); kɪˈlɒmɪtə(r)/ n.千米；公里
13.attend /əˈtend/ v.参加；出席 28.average/ˈævərɪdʒ/adj.平均的；平常的
14.as ... as ... /æz ... æz .../ 短语像…… 一样…… 29.rainfall/ˈreɪnfɔːl/n.降雨量
15.besides/bɪˈsaɪdz/prep., adv.除…… 之外（还）； 30.per/pə(r)/prep.每
而且
课文解析
Section A, 1b and 1d 彼得：陈洁，你听说学校音乐节了
吗？
Peter: Chen Jie, did you hear about the school music festival?
陈洁：是啊，听起来很有趣。
Chen Jie: Yeah, it sounds fun. 彼得：你为什么不表演呢？你在我们
音乐俱乐部里吹笛子比任何人都好。
Peter: Why don’t you perform? You play the Chinese flute better than
陈洁：嗯，我怕一个人表演。我不像
anyone else in our music club. 你那么外向。
彼得：你比我更努力。上周你演奏了
Chen Jie: Well, I’m afraid of performing alone. I’m not as outgoing as you.
一首非常美妙的曲子！
Peter: Did you work harder than me. And last week you played a really 陈洁：你喜欢吗？也许我们可以一起
玩！
beautiful song!
彼得：好主意！
Chen Jie: You liked it? Maybe we could play it together!
Peter: Great idea!
Section A, 1c and 1d 布朗太太：我非常喜欢你们的表演！
你们两个做得太棒了！
Mrs Brown: I loved your performance! You two did a wonderful job!
彼得和陈洁：谢谢！
Peter and Chen Jie: Thank you! 彼得：看，艾拉和艾玛的表演时间到
了！
1
学科网（北京）股份有限公司Peter: Look, it’s time for Ella and Emma’s show! 布朗太太：那是艾拉在唱歌吗？
不，那是艾玛。艾玛比艾拉高，而且
Mrs Brown: Is that Ella singing?
她唱得比艾拉响亮。
Peter: No, that’s Emma. Emma is taller than Ella. And she sings louder than 陈洁：看！那是艾拉在跳舞，她的头
发比艾玛的长。
Ella.
彼得：他们俩都跳得很好，但我认为
Chen Jie: Look! That is Ella dancing. Her hair is longer than Emma’s. 艾拉比她姐姐跳得好。
Peter: They both dance well, but I think Ella dances better than her sister.
Section A, 2a and 2c 韩林：恭喜你获得学校音乐节的奖
项！
Han Lin: Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival!
双胞胎：谢谢！
The twins: Thank you! 林涵：你去年和今年都参加了这个节
日，今年有什么不同？
Han Lin: You attended the festival last year and this year. How is this year
今年有更多的学生和更多的活动，我
different? 觉得比去年更丰富多彩。
韩林：你们是双胞胎，长得非常像。
Ella: There are more students and more activities this year. I think it is more
你们有什么不同呢？
colourful than last year. 艾玛：我比艾拉安静一些，她比我更
有趣。
Han Lin: As twins, you look very similar. How are you different? 艾拉：艾玛总是比我起得早。很多人
说我比艾玛懒，但那不是真的！我和
Emma: I’m a little quieter than Ella. And she is funnier than me. 她一样努力！
韩林：这真是很有趣。除了唱歌，你
Ella: Emma always gets up earlier than me. Many people say I’m lazier 们俩的业余时间是怎么打发的？
埃拉：我最喜欢的就是运动。
than Emma, but that’s not true! I work as hard as her!
艾玛：我喜欢阅读。你看，我们在很
多方面都不一样，但是在一起，我们
Han Lin: That’s really interesting. Besides singing, how do you both spend
是一个很棒的团队！
your spare time? 韩林：谢谢你和我谈话。
双胞胎：我们的荣幸！
Ella: I love playing sports more than anything.
Emma: I like reading. You see, we’re different in many ways, but together,
we make a great team!
Han Lin: Thanks for talking with me.
The twins: Our pleasure!
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Tom's birthday is the same as his brother's.（汤姆和弟弟的生日在同一天。）
2.Chen Jie, did you hear about the school music festival?
hear about（听说）
用法：后接事件或人物，强调 “得知信息”。
I heard about the new movie from my friend.（我从朋友那听说了这部新电影。）
Have you heard about the science competition?（你听说过那个科学竞赛吗？）
3.Peter encourages Chen Jie to perform at the music festival because she plays the Chinese flute better than
anyone else in the music club . / Her hair is longer than Emma’s. /She sings louder than Ella.
① encourage（鼓励）
用法：encourage sb. to do sth.（鼓励某人做某事）
My teacher encourages us to read more books.（老师鼓励我们多读书。）
知识解析
Parents should encourage children to try new things.（父母应鼓励孩子尝试新事物。）
② perform（表演；执行） 名词：performance，performer表演者
表演：后接节目、动作等（如 play, dance）。
执行：后接任务、计划等（如 task, plan）。
They will perform a play at the party.（他们将在派对上表演话剧。）
We need to perform the experiment carefully.（我们需要认真做实验。）
③ else（其他；另外）
用法：用于疑问词（what/who/where）或不定代词（something/anyone）之后。
What else do you need?（你还需要其他东西吗？）
Did anyone else come to the party?（还有其他人来派对吗？）
④ loud（大声的 / 地）
形容词：修饰名词（如 voice, music）。
副词：等同于 loudly，但更口语化。
She has a loud voice.（她声音很大。）
Don't speak so loud.（别这么大声说话。）
⑤比较级句型（A 比 B 更...）
结构：A + be 动词 / 实义动词 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than + B
形容词比较级：
This book is more interesting than that one.（这本书比那本有趣。）
My sister is taller than me.（我姐姐比我高。）
副词比较级：
She runs faster than her brother.（她跑得比弟弟快。）
Tom studies more carefully than before.（汤姆学习比以前更认真。）
4.Chen Jie is afraid of performing alone .
afraid（害怕的）
用法：be afraid of (doing) sth.（害怕某事 / 做某事）；be afraid to do sth.（因害怕而不敢做某事）
I'm afraid of dogs.（我怕狗。）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司He is afraid to speak in front of people.（他不敢在众人面前讲话。）
alone（独自的 / 地）
形容词：表示 “独自一人”（无情感色彩）。lonely孤独的，有感情色彩。
副词：单独行动。
She stays at home alone every weekend.（她每个周末都独自在家。）
He went to the park alone.（他独自去了公园。）
The old man lives alone, but he doesn’t feel lonely. 那个老人独自居住，但是他并不感到孤独。
5.I’m not as outgoing as you.
as...as... 结构（A 和 B 一样...）
① 结构与用法
肯定形式：A + be 动词 / 实义动词 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B
否定形式：A + be 动词 / 实义动词 + not as/so + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + B
② 例句
肯定句：Your bag is as heavy as mine.（你的包和我的一样重。）
She sings as beautifully as a bird.（她唱歌和小鸟一样动听。）
否定句：
This problem is not as difficult as I thought.（这个问题没有我想象的难。）
He doesn't run so fast as his friend.（他跑得不如朋友快。）
6.They solve the problem by playing together.
by doing（通过做……）用法：表示方式或方法，后接动名词。
You can learn English by watching videos.（你可以通过看视频学英语。）
He solved the problem by asking for help.（他通过求助解决了问题。）
solve（解决）用法：及物动词，后接问题、困难等（如 problem, difficulty）。
We need to solve this math problem.（我们需要解这道数学题。）
Can you help me solve the puzzle?（你能帮我解这个谜题吗？）
名词solution（解决方案）
7.They won the first prize in the school music festival.
win（赢） & prize（奖品）
用法：win + 比赛 / 奖项（如 game, competition, prize）；beat+对手
prize 是可数名词，常与 win 搭配
Our team won the basketball match.（我们队赢了篮球比赛。）
She won a prize in the writing competition.（她在写作比赛中获奖了。）
8.I took part in the school music festival.
take part in（参加）
用法：后接活动、比赛等（如 competition, activity）。
I took part in the painting competition last week.（我上周参加了绘画比赛。）
Many students take part in afterschool clubs.（许多学生参加课外社团。）
9 .Congratulations on winning the prize at the school music festival!
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司congratulate动词，祝贺；结构：congratulate sb. on sth.（祝贺某人某事）
We all congratulated him on winning the competition. （我们都祝贺他赢得比赛。）
I want to congratulate you on your graduation. （我想祝贺你毕业。）
常用复数形式：Congratulations! （单独使用表示祝贺）
Congratulations on your birthday! （祝你生日快乐！）
10 .You attended the festival last year and this year.
attend动词，参加 / 出席
结构：attend + 活动/会议/学校 （参加具体活动）
My father will attend the parents' meeting tomorrow.（我爸爸明天要参加家长会。）
Do you often attend English classes after school?（你放学后常上英语课吗？）
11 .Besides singing, how do you both spend your spare time?
besides除...之外（还有）（包括在内）
Besides math, I also like physics. （除了数学，我还喜欢物理。）
副词：此外 I don't want to go. Besides, it's too late.（我不想去，而且时间太晚了。）
spare空闲的 / 抽出
形容词：空闲的 Do you have spare time on weekends?（你周末有空吗？）
动词：抽出（时间） Can you spare me five minutes?（你能为我抽出五分钟吗？）
常见搭配：spare time 空闲时间；in one's spare time 在某人空闲时
12 .Our pleasure!
pleasure愉快 / 荣幸
名词：令人愉快的事 It's a pleasure to meet you.（见到你很荣幸。）常见回应：Thank you! My pleasure.
（不用谢。）
13.What do Ella and Emma have in common?
have in common 有共同点
结构：A and B have (something) in common（A和B有共同点）
Lily and I have many hobbies in common.（莉莉和我有很多共同爱好。）
These two cities have nothing in common.（这两座城市毫无共同点。）
14 .What can you learn from each other?
learn from + 人/经历 （从...学习）
We should learn from Lei Feng.（我们应该向雷锋学习。）
I learned a lot from this mistake.（我从这次错误中学到很多。）
15 .Are you more serious than your cousin?
serious严肃的 / 严重的
形容人：认真严肃 Mr. Li is a serious teacher.（李老师是一位严肃的老师。）
形容问题：严重的 Pollution is a serious problem.（污染是个严重的问题。）
比较级：more serious This illness is more serious than I thought. （这个病比我想象的更严重。）
16 .I don’t think so. 我不这么认为 口语表达：否定对方观点
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A: "Tom is lazy." B: "I don't think so. He works hard."
（A："汤姆很懒。" B："我不这么认为，他很努力。"）
同义替换I disagree. "This book is boring." "I disagree. It's interesting!"
（"这本书很无聊。""我不同意，它很有趣！"）
17 .The population of Chicago was larger than that of Guangzhou in 2022.
① population人口 搭配：the population of + 地点
The population of China is about 1.4 billion.（中国人口约14亿。）
修饰词：large / small India has a large population.
（印度人口众多。）
② 比较级中that的用法
用法: 在比较级中代替前文提到的单数名词；如果代替前文的复数名词，则使用those.
原句：The weather in Wuhan is hotter than the weather in Beijing.
简化：The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing.（武汉的天气比北京热。）
The apples in this basket are bigger than those in that basket.
（这个篮子里的苹果比那个篮子里的大。）
语法学习
形容词/副词的比较级
一. 比较级的变化规则
变化规则 例词
tall→taller
一般情况下在词尾加-er
long→longer
以e结尾的形容词或副词,在词 late→later
尾加-r large→larger
以"辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节形 heavy→heavier
容词或副词,要变"y"为"i"再加-er easy→easier
重读闭音节的形容词或副词,且
big→bigger
词尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双
thin→thinner
写该辅音字母,再加-er
多音节和部分双音节的形容词或 slowly→more slowly
副词,应在单词前加more interesting→more interesting
有些形容词或副词 good→better
二． 比较级的句式结构
(1)比较级+than
Mr. Green is taller than Mr. Brown. 格林先生比布朗先生高。
Mike ran faster than Jim. 迈克比吉姆跑得快。
(2)"比较级+and+比较级"或"more and more+形容词或副词原级",表示"越来越……"。
Her work is getting better and better. 她的工作干得越来越好。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司She is becoming more and more beautiful. 她长得越来越漂亮。
(3)"the+比较级,the+比较级"表示"越……,越……"。
The more, the better. 越多越好。
(4)"the+比较级+of the two"表示"两者中比较……的"。
Tom is the taller of the two. 汤姆是两个人中比较高的那个。
(5)"Which/Who...+比较级,A or B?"表示"哪一个/谁更……,A还是B?"。
Which book is better, this one or that one?哪本书更好,这本还是那本?
(6)"比较级+than any other+可数名词单数"表示"(在同一范围内)比其他任何……都……"。
China is larger than any other country in Asia.中国比亚洲其他任何国家都大。(中国在亚洲范围之内)
注:本句式表达的是最高级含义。
语法训练
一、按要求完成下列句子
1. Tom is the same height as Jack. (改为同义句 )
Tom is ______ ______ ______ Jack.
2. Larry is not as hard-working as Huang Lei. (改为同义句 )
Huang Lei is ______ ____________ than Larry.
3. Rita speaks more loudly than me. (改为同义句 )
I speak ______ ______ than Rita.
4. Jane arrives earlier than Kangkang. (改为同义句 )
Kangkang arrives ______ ______ Jane.
5. Tony has ten storybooks. Jimmy has five storybooks. (合并为一个句子 )
Tony has ______ storybooks ______ Jimmy.
二、根据汉语意思补全句子
6. 事实胜于雄辩。
Facts speak ______ ______ words.
7. 杰克吃得比原来少。他正试着减肥。
Jack eats ______ ______ before. He’s trying to lose weight.
8. 许多发明使生活变得更好。
Many inventions ______ our life ______ .
9. 中国人口比美国多。
The population of China is ______ ______ ______ of America.
10. 长江比中国其他任何河流都长。
The Yangtze River is ______ ______ any other river in China.
三、短文填空：阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空(有两项多余)
different favourite friend fun good library play same start tall thing young
I’m ten years old and my name is Freddy. I love going to school because it is 11. _______. All the teachers
are friendly and they always teach us useful 12._______ . My 13. ________ subject is geography and I enjoy the
PE class. I have a sister, Susan.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司She is seven years old — three years 14. _______ than me, and she is really beautiful and lovely. Laura is
one of my best 15. _______ . We live on the 16. _______ road, so we go to school together. Julio is also my
friend. We sometimes 17. _______ basketball in the park or ride our bikes in the country.
Julio is quite tall and he is 18. _______ than any other boy in our class. He is very funny, too. He tells me
very funny stories. Julio’s parents are Mexican (墨西哥人 ).
I get up at 8 o’clock because lessons 19. _______ at 8:45. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, we study
maths, French and history. Lunch is usually at 12:15 in the school dining hall. I often bring my lunchbox because
my mom says homemade food is 20. _______ than other food. In the afternoon we usually have the art or IT class.
综合训练
一．完成句子
1. ____________(compare) with last year’s sales figures, this year’s have shown a significant increase.
2. His ____________(shy) often prevents him from making new friends easily.
3. Please speak ____________(loud) so that everyone in the classroom can hear you.
4. We sent our _____________(congratulate) to him on his great success in the competition.
5. Her cheerful ____________(personal) makes her very popular among her classmates.
二、词形转换
1. shy (adj.) → (n.) __________
2. lazy (adj.) → (比较级 ) __________
3. perform (v.) → (n. 表演) __________ →(n. 表演者 ) __________
4. solve (v.) → (n.) __________
5. congratulation (n.) →(v.) __________
6. pleasure (n.) →(adj. 高兴的) __________→(adj. 令人愉快的 ) __________
7. serious (adj.) → (adv.) __________
8. appear (v.) →(n.) __________→(v. 反义词 ) __________
9. personal (adj.) → (n.) __________
10. strong (adj.) → (n.) __________
11. With the development of technology, some traditional tools are starting to __________ (appear) from our
daily life.
12. The __________ will __________ a wonderful dance ___________ on the stage tonight. (perform)
13. It’s my __________ to introduce this __________ place to you. The staff here are always ready to serve, and
seeing the satisfied smiles on customers’ faces, they look __________ too. (please)
三、填空
In our 1. __________ time, we often find that friends who seem as 2. __________ (difference) as night and
day can actually have something 3. __________ common. For example, though one friend is 4. __________ of
heights and another loves extreme sports, they both love reading adventure novels. It’s amazing!
四、翻译
1.谁跳得更好，埃拉还是艾玛？
__________________________________
2.祝贺你在学校音乐节上获奖！
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司________________________________at the school music festival!
3.我和她一样努力学习！
_____________________________________________
4.你们俩是如何度过业余时间的？
_____________________________________________
5.你们有什么共同点？
_____________________________________________
6.你们有什么不同？
_____________________________________________
7.芝加哥 (Chicago) 七月比广州凉爽。
_____________________________________________
五、单项选择
1.He is _________ outgoing student and he likes playing ________ basketball.
A. a; / B. an; the C. an; /
2.Today is much ________ than yesterday. Nice!
A. cool B. cooler C. coolest D. the coolest
3.I think the blue dress is ________ better than the white one.
A. more B. little C. very D. much
4.__________ is your schoolbag, the yellow one or the blue one?
A. What B. Which C.Where
5. I think there’s no need to buy such an expensive coat for a kid. I’d like a ________ one.
A. lowest B. cheaper C. cheapest D. lower
6.We expect(期望) to ________ the basketball game tomorrow.
A. win B. give C. mind D. kill
7. —People can _______ see the great changes(变化) of Chaoyang Road and Hengyang Road.
—Quite true. They are much wider(宽) and cleaner now.
A. carefully B. clearly C. comfortably
8.—I have three tickets. ________ of you can go to see the film with me.—Great! Thank you very much.
A. Both B. All C. Neither D. One
9.This year the actors are not as _________ as they were last year.
A. popular B. more popular
C. less popular D. the most popular
10.Some children like to eat sweet chocolate ______ it’s not good for their health.
A. because B. though C. if
六、补全对话
请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容从下面方框内的七个选项中选择五个填入空白处，使对话通顺、合
理，意思完整，一空一句。
A：Hi, Tina! Who is your best friend?
B：I think Betty is.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A： 1
B：She is tall, thin and has long curly hair.
A： 2
B：Yes. She is taller than any other girl in my class.
A： 3
B：Sure. She is very outgoing and often talks about funny things with us. We all like her.
A：That’s great. 4
B：Yes, she is. She does well in all her subjects.
A： 5
B：No, it isn’t. I often get a better grade than she does in English tests.
A. Is she your sister?
B. Is she taller than you?
C. What does she look like?
D. Is she good at her schoolwork?
E. Is her English better than yours?
F. She is not as good at sports as you.
G. She must be very popular in your class.
七、阅读理解
Everybody has their best friend, and so do I. My name is Lily. Today I want to tell you something about my
best friend—Gina. We became friends two years ago. She is an outgoing and talented girl. She likes volleyball and
plays it every day. She wins many prizes(奖) in different games. In fact, I’m quite different from her. I’m not as
tall as she is. I like music. I don’t like sports, but sometimes she asks me to go to play volleyball with her. She
thinks it is good for my health. I’m more serious and hardworking. I always get better grades than she does, so
maybe I should help her more. It’s not necessary to be the same. I like Gina because she is kind and she can make
me laugh. We can share many things. Though we are not similar, we care about each other. That’s the most
important thing.
1. Who is Gina?
A. Lily’s classmate. B. Lily’s friend.
C. Lily’s cousin. D. Lily’s penfriend.
2. What does Lily think of herself?
A. Serious. B. Outgoing.
C. Talented. D. Kind.
3. What does Gina like doing?
A. Studying English. B. Listening to music.
C. Playing volleyball. D. Playing basketball.
八、短文填空
阅读下面短文，根据语境及括号内所给汉语提示填空（每空一词）。
Hello, everybody. I’m Olivia. I’m glad to be here this afternoon. Do you have a friend with an interesting
background? Today, I’d like to tell you something about a
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 (活泼的) girl. I’ll tell you where she’s from, and why we’re good friends.
I didn’t use to do much exercise. A few years ago, I joined a 2 (运动) club. On my first day
there, I met Raquel. We had coffee 3 (一起) and soon became good friends. I think that’s because we
have a lot in common. We love to
4 (尝试) different food, especially spicy food. And we love the ocean. In summer, we like to hang out at the
5 (海滩) and go surfing at least once a month. Raquel was born in Mexico, but has been here since she was 6
(十) years old. Her mother is Mexican and her father is American, so she can speak 7 (两者都) Spanish
and English. That’s something different between us. Although I 8 (上学；参加) a class last year, my
Spanish is still terrible！Another thing that’s different is her background. Raquel’s from two countries and has
experience and 9 (知识) of two cultures. I think that’s really 10 (酷的).
We might not live in the same city in the future, but I think we’ll stay friends. Thanks for listening to me.
九、任务型阅读
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot
of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They’re both poor though
they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken houses. They never
find out why.
Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In town he heard the apples in a city were
expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back.
They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought
nearly 1,000 kilograms of apples in the villages. Then they carried them to the city on a tractor(拖拉机). Bad
luck! A lot of apples have already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a
low price. They felt unhappy and returned to their village.
“I can’t understand why we sustained losses in business while others profited(盈利),” Uncle Li asked one
day. “The tractor was too small,” Uncle Wang said without thinking. “We’ll carry more apples on a truck next
time!” “I agree!” said Uncle Li. “How foolish(傻的) we were!”
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
1.Why do they live in the low and broken houses?
2.Why did Uncle Li go to town?
3.Why did they decide to carry some apples to the city?
4. How did they carry their apples to the city?
5.Why did they have to sell apples at a low price?
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