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前言
希望学教研团队
亲爱的同学：
当你翻开这本书的时候，你又开始了一段新的学习之旅。
本书由希望学教研团队编写而成。团队有多年的教研沉淀，致力于为同学们
提供小学、初中和高中全学科的课外有益补充，培养学生分析问题和自主解决问
题的能力。锻炼思维，开拓视野，由“知识型”向“能力型”转化。
下面我们将向你介绍本书的诞生过程：
1、对标教材和课程标准建立课程大纲
希望学教研团队根据教育部审定的最新中学教材，选取重难点模块，收集各
地区题目，精心敲定教学大纲。
2、依据大数据、编撰高标准
①依托多年教研沉淀，精品题库、讲义素材、课件切片等四大库教研基建，
为讲义编撰提供优质素材；
②希望学大数据核心算法定位学习中的薄弱环节；
③百人教研团队，历经1000+小时，严格按照大纲目录进行编写，三轮审核
三轮校对。
3、三审三校
初稿经由希望学教研中心内部一审，学科产品、教学中心、主讲老师集中二
审，外部专家专业三审后进入校对环节。
由编者一次精校；教研中心资深教研员二次精校；排版团队三次精校。只有
经过全面的三审三校，这本书才能发送给我们的用户！
4、排版
编撰与审校结束后，会安排专业团队进行排版印刷。模板和风格由专业设计
师进行设计，并不断更新迭代，紧跟审美风向标，提升可读性。由供应部门统一
调配和发货，这本书就会到达你的手中啦！
路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索！接下来的每一天，我们都会在你的见证
下不断精进，不断成长。
未来，希望学也会继续承担起用科技推动教育进步的重任，不断致力于教育
资源的均衡发展。伴随着你的成长，见证着你的成功，每天进步一点点，一起做
更好的自己！
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初二全国S 三季度课程大纲
方法运用课
词法家族
句子成分家族
地道阅读
形容词副词比较
级最高级变化
地道阅读
语法：4大词法精讲
语法：句子成分和句子结构
地道阅读
语法 + 阅读技巧
地道阅读
1
2
1
2
3
秋季同步课
课程模式
讲次
课程名称
Part 1
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*特别注意：1.因讲义改版和课次调整，最终安排以实际情况为准
2.难度星级与所在年级和学期的学习难度相匹配
4大词法精选题目方法提炼；
3大题型精选题目精练；
简单句并列句精选题目方法提炼；
4大题型精选题目精练；
词汇阅读精选题目方法提炼；
词汇阅读精选题目精练；
语法阅读精选题目方法提炼；
语法阅读精选题目精练；
阅读词汇精选题目方法提炼；
阅读词汇精选题目精练；
4大词法考法精讲
句法家族
阅读技巧
形容词副词三级句型
阅读技巧
词汇精讲
阅读技巧
词汇精讲
Part 2
3大题型
灵活巧用
4大题型
灵活巧用
Part 3
易错难点精选习题课
难度星级
【知识/技能/能
力难度等级】
★
★
★
★
★
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Contents
方法运用课
Lecture 1
Part One
词法家族
2
Part Two
词法精讲
3
Part Three
灵活巧用
10
Part Four
随堂练习
17
易错难点精选习题课
19
Lecture 2
Part One
句子成分家族
26
Part Two
句法家族
30
Part Three
灵活巧用
36
Part Four
随堂练习
39
易错难点精选习题课
41
秋季同步课
Lecture 1
Part One
地道阅读
50
Part Two
随堂练习
58
易错难点精选习题课
61
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Lecture 2
Part One
Grammar
70
Part Two
Reading Skill
76
Part Three
随堂练习
83
易错难点精选习题课
86
Lecture 3
Part One
地道阅读
96
Part Two
随堂练习
104
易错难点精选习题课
107
大数据精选学练测
练习1
1
练习2
9
练习3
19
练习4
31
练习5
43
练习6
53
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LECTURE 1
Lecture1
Part One
词法家族
剖析为什么要学词法
学习常考4 大词性
Part Two
词法精讲
学习名词的应用
学习动词的应用
学习形容词、副词的应用
Part Three
灵活巧用
运用4 大词性知识解决3 大题
型
Part Four
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
2
模块1
Part One
词法家族
1. 为什么要学习词法？
考试题型
错误原因
真实原因
客观题
单项选择、完形填空
①不认识单词
②单词辨析易混淆
①不知道词义
②不了解词性及其转换
③搞不懂词汇的语法形式
主观题
首字母填空、方框选词、
用括号中所给词的适当形式
填空、根据汉语提示填空
①词性填错
②词形变错
（a. 语法 b. 转换）
2. 常考词性介绍
词性
说明
英语缩写
名词
表示人、事物或地点的词，如 Jason, mistake, museum…
n.
动词
表示动作的词，如 brush, solve, discuss…
v.
形容词
常修饰名词，如 a comfortable life, a tidy garden…
adj.
副词
修饰动词、形容词、副词、句子，如take everything seriously
adv.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
3
模块2
Part Two
词法精讲
名词的应用
1. 名词的位置
_________ 前后，_________ 修饰词(some, any, few) 后
Covid-19 is a disease.
Sometimes when it rains, you can see a beautiful rainbow.
You need to take control of your feelings and stop getting angry easily.
There aren't any apples in the fridge. Would you like some oranges?
2. 名词的考法
考法 1：变复数（复数变化规则详见知识回顾 1）
修饰可数名词的词 & 短语：
some, several, many, few, a few, a lot of, a number of, plenty of, a great number of,
one of…
例题：The activity attracts a great number of __________ (volunteer).
【答案】volunteers
考法 2：变所有格
例题：
【答案】
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
4
考法 3：变词性
adj. 变 n.
dangerous → danger able → ability adventurous → ________
m
r
a
h
→
lu
f
m
r
a
h
nia
p
→
lu
f
nia
p
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
→
s
u
oir
e
ts
y
m
powerful → power windy → wind energetic → ________
v. 变 n.
n
oits
e
g
g
u
s
→
ts
e
g
g
u
s
n
oit
a
m
r
o
f
ni
→
m
r
o
f
ni
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
→
tc
ello
c
t
n
e
m
e
e
r
g
a
→
e
e
r
g
a
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
→
t
n
e
v
ni
n
oit
a
tiv
ni
→
e
tiv
ni
achieve → achievement attract → attraction explain → ________
conclude → ________ arrive → arrival
例题：
The Internet can be _____ (danger), but you can get much _____ (inform) easily.
【答案】dangerous; information
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
1. We like our class teacher because she never jumps to
(conclude).
2021 山东期中易错
2. Be careful with the big dogs. They are those
(policeman).
2019 江苏南京期中易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
5
3. Jo is really crazy about sports, especially running. Now he is in a half-marathon for a
charity. (child)
2020 四川成都期中易错
Exercise 2
Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words in the box.
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
scientist
energetic
feeling
powerful
explain
Human, don't come too close!
When we see babies or pets, we can't help touching them to show our love. And they
give us happy
back. But recently, a study shows that it's different for plants.
Professor Jim Whelan from a university in Australia gave an
. "The lightest
touch from a human, animal, insect, or even plants touching each other in the wind, leads
to a huge gene change in the plant." Science Daily reported.
did an experiment on plants. They found that after being touched,
the mitochondria (线粒体) in the plants were broken. The mitochondria are the "
(动力) house of the cell (细胞)". The mitochondria make power for the rest of
the cell in both animals and plants. If this "power house" is not strong enough, the plants
will lose
that should help them grow.
2020 四川易错
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
6
动词的应用
1. 动词的位置
_________ 后，_________ 后
Mike/He fought in Vietnam.
You should accept his advice.
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
2. 动词的考法
考法1：变时态（三单 & 过去式 & 现在分词变化规则，详见知识回顾5-7）
例题：
1. If Tom __________ (keep) making mistakes, he won't be able to pass the test.
【答案】keeps
2. Look! The cat __________ (lie) under the desk. How lovely it is!
【答案】is lying
考法2：后+to do/doing/do 的词或短语（详见知识回顾8）
接________ 形式: want, hope, plan, would like, remember, continue, agree, expect,
promise, refuse 等
接________ 形式:
suggest, avoid, admit, practise, imagine 等
接________ 形式: see, make, let 等
例题：
1. Mr.Zhang has agreed __________ (organize) a birthday party for the new student.
【答案】to organize
2. We can see clouds __________ (move) quickly when there is a strong wind.
【答案】moving
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
7
Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
1. I will give you a call as soon as the meeting
(end).
2020 江苏期末易错
2. David likes to touch his cell phone while he
(drive) a car. It's really dangerous!
2021 江苏期中基础
3. Everyone in the library should be quiet to avoid
(disturb) others.
2019 福建期中易错
4. In the playground, I threw the ball to her and she
(catch) it.
2020 浙江基础
Exercise 2
Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words in the box.
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
practice
bother
spend
jump
run
A young man didn't know how to face his work. He went to the park and sat silently
under the tree. Then a sound from the tree
him. He looked up and saw
a squirrel (松鼠)
in the tree. The squirrel
from one high tree to
another. Minutes later, it jumped to get to a higher branch (树枝). An old man sitting near
the young man said, "A lot of squirrels
jumping this time yesterday. A lot of
them missed, but none of them got hurt. I guess they need to risk it if they don't want
their whole life in one tree."
福建易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
8
形副的应用
1. 形容词 & 副词的位置
① 形容词：_____ 前，_____________ & _____________ 后
He has an interesting question.
There is nothing interesting in the comedy.
The girl looks lovely.
② 副词：位置灵活（句首 / 句中 / 句末），常_____ 前，_____ 后
Luckily, she had got another chance.
I can't move quickly because of the crowd.
The answer might be unpleasant, though.
The food is unbelievably cheap.
2. 形容词 & 副词的考法( 常考形副见知识回顾4)
① adj. 变 adv.
常考：careful → carefully; careless → carelessly; loud → loudly
exact → exactly; clear → clearly; beautiful → beautifully
gradual → gradually; cautious → cautiously
易错：easy → easily; lucky → ________
comfortable → ________; terrible → terribly
② 易混形副
____：friendly; lovely; lively; lonely
____：hardly; alone ( 常考作副词)
例题：The sky is _________. I can see __________. (clear)
【答案】clear; clearly
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
9
Exercise 1
Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words in the box.
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
careless
careful
carelessly
carefully
1.
You are so
. Please do your homework
.
2021 山东青岛期中基础
alone
lonely
2.
The footballer lives
, and he usually feels
.
2021 北京海淀期中易错
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
1. The most popular singer in our school can also play the violin
(beautiful).
2021 山东青岛期中基础
2. — Come on, John. You still have lots of work to do!
— Never mind. I can finish that
(easy) by 8 o'clock this evening.
2021 江苏南京易错
3. We use emojis (表情) a lot，but most people don't know what feelings they stand
for e
.
2021 江苏苏州期中难题
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
10
模块3
Part Three
灵活巧用
在主观题如用所给词的适当形式填空、方框选词、首字母填空等题中，只要填词，都需要从词
义、词性、词形的角度出发去做题。
Step 1
判断词义
根据空格前后语境判断所需填的单词
Step 2
判断词性
根据空格所处位置判断词性
①名词的位置：动be 前后；形冠代修饰词(some, any, few) 后
②动词的位置：代名情后；不定式to 后
③形容词的位置：名前，复合不定代词& 系动词后
④副词的位置：位置灵活( 句首 / 句中 / 句末)，常形前，动后
Step 3
判断词形
根据语法知识考虑是否变形
①名词：单复数、所有格、v./adj. 变n.
②动词：时态、+ to do / doing / do
③形容词& 副词：词义，词性转换，易混词辨析
青铜关（适当形式填空）
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the given words.
1. Some
(explain) on how electricity works are very interesting.
2021 广东易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
11
2. How about
the heavy box with the help of the lift? (carry)
2021 四川期末易错
3. Pay much attention to your handwriting. You need to write
(careful).
2021 湖南易错
白银关（方框选词）
Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the words in the box.
confident
deep
be
accept
cry
Is beauty only skin deep?
Frankenstein, written by the British writer, Mary Shelley (1797-1851), is a story about
kindness and viciousness (邪恶). It drives me to think
about how people
think of each other. Frankenstein, an intelligent scientist, creates a creature from human
body parts. However, he
shocked to find his creature ugly and disgusting.
He refused
him, causing the monster to run away. Being kind, the monster
wants to make friends with everyone he meets at first. But, everyone
out
in fear, which makes the monster lack of
. He begins to give Frankenstein
punishment by killing three people around him.
2021 四川易错
王者关（首字母填空）
Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
Zhu Ting is also considered to be a national hero in China. She helped the national
volleyball team win gold m
at the 2015 FIVB World Cup, 2015 Asian Women's
Volleyball Championship, and 2016 Rio Olympic Games. In September this year she
again h
the team win gold medals at the 2019 FIVB World Cup.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
12
At a young age Zhu is captain of the China w
national volleyball team.
But it hasn't been e
for Zhu to get to where she is today.
Born in a farming family in Henan Province, Zhu got a hard-won chance to
a
a local sports school at the age of 13. She got homesick during the first
few months of training. But later she got over it and made p
week by week.
She quickly moved from the provincial youth team to the national youth team.
2019 天津
知识回顾1：名词变复数
情况
构成方法
例词
一般情况
直接加 s
map-maps; bag-bags
以 s, sh, ch, x 结尾
加 es
bus-buses; box-boxes;
brush-brushes;
watch-watches
辅音字母 +y 结尾
变 y 为 i，再加 es
cherry-cherries;
strawberry-strawberries
以 f 或 fe 结尾
变 f 或 fe 为 v，再加 es
thief-thieves;
knife-knives
以 o 结尾
+s
+es
piano-pianos;
photo-photos;
tomato-tomatoes;
potato-potatoes
特殊变化
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese,
ox-oxen, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, German-Germans...
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
13
知识回顾2：高频名词
culture
文化
festival
节日
danger
危险
service
服务
experience
经历；经验
noise
噪音
information
信息
height
高度
surprise
惊奇；惊讶
weight
重量
trouble
麻烦
habit
习惯
知识回顾3：高频动词
attend
参加
disturb
打扰
imagine
想象
complete
完成；结束
打仗；战斗
encourage
鼓励
bother
使烦恼
match
匹配
catch
接住；抓住
provide
提供
spend
花；用
accept
接受
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
14
知识回顾4：高频形容词& 副词
形容词
lonely
孤独的
beautiful
漂亮的
careful
小心的
useful
有用的
bright
明亮的
normal
正常的
healthy
健康的
weak
虚弱的
sleepy
困倦的
asleep
睡着的
副词
alone
独自地
suddenly
突然地
carelessly
马虎地
exactly
确切地
loudly
大声地
clearly
清晰地
知识回顾5：动词三单变化
规则变化
1. +s
ask—asks
2. +es(s, sh, ch, x, o)
watch—watches
do—does
go—goes
3. 辅+y→ -ies
try—tries
study—studies
不规则变化
have — has
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
15
知识回顾6：动词过去式变化
规则变化
直
直接+ed
visit—visited
去
去e+ed
smile—smiled
live—lived
dance—danced
双
双写+ed
stop—stopped
plan—planned
chat—chatted
改
辅音字母+y 结尾，
改y 为i+ed
study—studied
cry—cried
try—tried
不规则变化
AA
cost—cost; cut—cut; hit—hit; hurt—hurt; read—read
AB
take—took; catch—caught；sit—sat； keep—kept；fall—fell；
do—did；go—went；learn—learnt；send—sent...
知识回顾7：动词现在分词变化
直
直接+ing
work—working; play—playing
去
去e+ing
write—writing; have—having
双
重读闭音节，双写尾字母+ing
run—running; swim—swimming
改
改ie 为y+ing
lie—lying; die—dying
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
16
知识回顾8：后+to do/doing/do 的词& 短语
后+to do
want, hope, plan, would like
It's+adj. (for sb.) to do sth., agree, expect, promise, refuse...
后+doing
suggest, avoid, admit, practice, imagine...
既可+to do 又可+doing
like, begin, start, continue, remember, prefer...
后+do
see, make, let...
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
17
模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
Ⅰ. Complete the following sentences with the proper forms of the
words in the box. (10' X 5 = 50'）
husband
cry
friend
go
child
One famous artist Sheikh 1 back to his hometown. He hadn't seen one of
his 2 for many years. As he was on his way back to his house, he saw a poor
lady 3 by the road near his home. The man asked the lady the reason, and she
explained that her husband died and her 4 were hungry. The lady told him her
5 name and the man knew what the woman said was true, because he heard
about her husband before.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
18
Ⅱ. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.
(5' X 10 = 50'）
Body language (语言) is here and there. How important is it?
Body language does not use w 1 . It is communication (交流) with the use
of your body. It i 2 the way you walk and talk, your hand gestures (手势) and so
on. A big s 3 on your face is the most popular body language.
American scientist Edward T. Hall says that when two people communicate with
each other, they express (表达) 65 percent of the messages t 4 body language.
Sometimes you can express yourself w 5 any words at all. For example, your
friend asks you to come on a picnic with him; you give him an "OK" gesture to say "Yes,
sounds good!" Sometimes, your words say one thing but your body language says
a 6 . You may do things unconsciously (无意识地) like touching your face while
telling a l 7 .
The same body language may mean different things in different places. In the US,
eye contact (接触) means you are i 8 in what the other person is saying. But in
some Eastern countries, it is not p 9 to look straight at a person when you are
talking to him or her.
People in some countries use different body language to show the same meaning. In
France, people kiss faces to say that they are f 10 to each other. The Japanese
like to bow and Maoris in New Zealand touch noses when greeting.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
19
易错难点精选习题课
本讲知识考点概览
3 大题型精讲精练
I. 适当形式填空
II. 方框选词
III. 首字母填空
精选题目方法提炼
名动形副解题方法
1. 根据位置判断词性
2. 根据考法判断词形
精选题目精练
Ⅰ. 适当形式填空
1.
When facing a problem, you should stop
(complain) and try to find a way out.
2020 江苏期末
2.
Don't be
(worry). We can help you work out the problem.
2020 重庆期末
3.
It's about ten
(minute) walk from my home to the library.
2020 江苏期末
4.
Does the housework assistant help you clean the windows
(regular)?
2021 上海期末
5.
Please make some small stars and paper flowers for
(decorate).
2021 上海期末
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
20
N O
T
E
S
Ⅱ. 方框选词
succeed
real
grow
science
solve
Yuan Longping, "Father of Hybrid Rice (杂交水稻)", was born in Beijing. He is a
famous 1 . He spent most of his life 2 rice in the fields. In 1974, he
and his team 3 in developing a set of technologies for producing hybrid rice. The
yields (产量) of the "Super Rice" are 30 percent higher than those of common rice. By his
achievement, China can feed her 1.4 billion (十亿) population. Since 1979, his technologies
for hybrid rice have been introduced into many countries around the world. Yuan Longping
has helped 4 the food problem not only for China but also for the world. We
Chinese are 5 proud of him. We'll remember him forever.
2021 广西
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
21
Ⅲ. 首字母填空
A
"Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see you." These words were said on March 10, 1876,
by Alexander Graham Bell. He was testing the telephone. His helper, Thomas Watson, was
in a different room. By using the telephone, Watson was a 1 to hear Bell's words.
Their work changed the world!
Alexander was born in Scotland in 1847. His father was a teacher. He taught Alexander
how a p 2 voice works. Alexander wanted to know about sound because his mother
could not hear. Alexander hoped deaf people could share m 3 with others.
The Bell family moved to Canada when Alexander was a young man. Alexander was
still learning about sound. He studied and b 4 things that he hoped would help
others. Then he moved to America and taught in a school for the deaf. At the same time, he
worked on his projects. Bell thought that he could find a way to make spoken words travel
t 5 an electrical wire (电线).
Some men who found out that Bell was trying to build a telephone wanted to help. They
gave him money so that he could get a helper. Bell hired his friend, Thomas Watson. The
two men worked for many hours testing the telephone. Finally, the m 6 worked!
The men took turns speaking to each other over the telephone.
The news about the telephone was told all around the world. People were e 7
about the new invention. They wanted to buy a telephone so that they could talk to people. In
just ten years, more than 150, 000 people in America had a telephone. Bell b 8 the
telephone would change over time. He was right. People have worked to make telephones
better. Telephone calls used to be made only from inside a building. Today, mobile phones
are powered by batteries. They can be used almost a 9 . The telephone keeps
getting better and better. Now, people can e 10 see each other on their phones
when they talk!
What a great invention!
2021 江苏南京期末
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
22
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
B
Lei Haiwei, a food courier (快递员) man, won the final (决赛) of the third season of the
Chinese Poetry Competition (中国诗词大会) on CCTV on April 4. His s 1 surprised
all the Chinese people a lot.
Lei Haiwei, a 37-year-old man, c 2 from Shaoyang, Hunan Province. He is
now working as a food courier man in Hangzhou, the c 3 of Zhejiang Province.
When he was at the age of six, he was i 4 in ancient poems (古诗词). Lei said,
"My father hoped I would grow up to be a man who keeps the mountains, rivers, lakes and
seas in mind. He also t 5 me the stories behind each poem. He w 6 poems
down, put them up on the wall of the kitchen and taught me to read them from a young age."
In his father's small house, there is a bookshelf (书架) f 7 of books about ancient
poems.
Lei didn't go to college. But he never gave up his interest in poems. Because he was
t 8 poor to buy books, Lei would remember the poems in bookshops and write them
out when he returned home.
Now, as a busy food courier, he reads and remembers poems by u 9 his mobile
when waiting for food to be prepared. It helps him relax during his fast-paced life.
After winning, Lei went b 10 to Hangzhou and continues (继续) his work as a
busy food courier.
2019 天津期中
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
23
N O
T
E
S
本讲知识总结
3 大题型精讲精练
解题方法：1. 根据位置判断词性2. 根据考法判断词形
Ⅰ. 适当形式填空
【动词易错】
变非谓语动词（+to do; +doing; 既可+to do 也可+doing 的动词）
【名词易错】
名词变所有格
固定搭配& 不可数名词
【形副易错】
be 后形
正确使用：副词修饰动词
Ⅱ. 方框选词（需要变形类）
【易错】
变词性：修饰形容词，用副词（be really proud of）
懂搭配：spend time / money (in) doing sth.; help (to) do sth.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
24
Ⅲ. 首字母填空
【易错】
1. 词义判断——2 大助力法：
【有线索】想搭配
如be + adj. + to / about
【无线索】猜常考
1⃝介词类：through, in, to 等
2⃝其他类：复合不定代词anywhere；副词even, back
3⃝上下文复现/ 推断
4⃝依据生活常识推断
2. 正确词形——知易错点：
名：所有格；动：非谓语；时态；形副：词义+ 用法
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LECTURE 2
Lecture2
Part One
句子成分家族
为什么要学句法
学习6 种句子成分
Part Two
句法家族
句子家族
学习5 种简单句基本句型
学习7 种并列连词连接的的并
列句
Part Three
灵活巧用
运用句法知识及技能解决校内
4 大题型
Part Four
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
26
模块1
Part One
句子成分家族
为什么要学句法？
考试题型
错误原因
真实原因
解题方法
二卷易错
① 综合填空
不会判词性
不知道句子成分
1．找（主谓）
2．判（词义词性）
3．选答案
② 连词成句
不知道句子正确顺序
不懂句子结构
1. 抓主干
2. 补其他
3. 理逻辑
③ 翻译
靠“ 语感” 翻译
阅读完形
长难句看不懂
写作
① 每句都有错
② 只会小破短
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
27
各司其职的要素—句子成分
句子成分
分类
含义
基本成分
主语(subject)
动作的发出者
He offered some useful advice.
谓语（动词）
(predicate verb)
不及物动词
动作或状态
The sun rises in the east.
He raised a hand in greeting.
George became king at the age of
54.
及物动词
系动词
宾语
(object)
直接宾语
动作的承受者
I bought him a bike yesterday.
___________
补足语
(complement)
宾语补足语
补充说明主语或宾语的
意义、状态
We elected John chairman.
He became a teacher.
主语补足(_____)
修饰成分
定语(attributive)
用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征
The boy in the room is Jack.
状语(adverbial)
说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、
方式状况等
Without his help, we couldn't work it out.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
28
注：
1. 动词原形不能做主语，一定要变成
或
才可以（此时谓语动词用单数）：
Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.（通常表已知的事实或曾经的经历）
To study abroad is my greatest desire. （通常表示意愿、目的或未完成的事）
2. 不定式或动名词短语作主语时，习惯将其移至句尾（动名词通常也改为不定式），句首
用
作形式主语：
Collecting stamps is one of his hobbies.
= It is one of his hobbies to collect stamps.
To study abroad is my greatest desire.
= It is my great desire to study abroad.
但：It is no use
over spilt milk.
Exercise1
判断划线部分的句子成分
( ) 1. You will find it useful after you leave school.
A. 主语
B. 宾语
C. 表语
D. 宾语补足语
2018 四川期末基础
( ) 2. There will be more forests for pandas to live in.
A. 定语
B. 表语
C. 主语
D. 宾语
2018 四川期末基础
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
29
( ) 3. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to have part-time jobs.
A. 谓语
B. 宾语
C. 表语
D. 宾语补足语
2020 广东期中基础
( ) 4. The weather becomes hot in summer.
A. 表语
B. 宾语
C. 谓语
D. 状语
2018 四川期末基础
( ) 5. Last week, I took part in a singing competition.
A. 主语
B. 谓语
C. 状语
D. 宾语补足语
2020 广东期中基础
Exercise 2
完成句子
1. It is said that
(limit) the number of waste around is a good way to do with
pollution.
2020 江苏期末易错
2.
(提高) English is important because it's an international language.
2019 广东易错
3. It takes her about an hour
(get) to school.
2020 江苏易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
30
模块2
Part Two
句法家族
句子家族（按结构分）
简单句
(simple sentence)
只含有一对主谓结构
Lucy teaches English.
She is good at math.
She comes from America.
___________
(compound sentence)
两个或以上的简单句用并列连词或分号等连在一起
构成的句子
Lucy teaches English, and she is also good at math.
复合句
(complex sentence)
句子充当另一个句子的某个成分时，即构成相应的
主从复合句
Lucy, who comes from America, teaches English.
所有表达的核心—简单句
不同句子成分的组合构成了简单句，简单句的类型是由谓语动词决定的：
I. 主+ 谓（S + V）
主语
谓语（__________ / 词组）
The sun
rises.
The computer
broke down.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
31
II. 主+ 谓+ 宾（S + V + O）
主语
谓语（_________ / 词组）
宾语
I
slept
a sound sleep.
He
handed in
his paper.
III. 主+ 谓+（间）宾+（直）宾（S + V + IO + DO）
主语
谓语
间接宾语
直接宾语
She
gave
me
her telephone number.
The teacher
handed
her students
a few books.
IV. 主+ 谓+ 宾+ 宾补（S + V + O + OC）
主语
谓语
宾语
宾语补足语
I
keep
the door
open.
We
called
him
Tom.
V. 主+ 系+ 表（S + LV + P）
主语
系动词
表语
He
was
interesting.
The girl
seems
ill.
He
stayed
silent.
It
tastes
sweet.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
32
Exercise 1
判断句型结构
( ) 1. Kobe Bryant died in a helicopter crash in California on January 26, 2020. The
sentence structure is
.
A. S+V
B. S+V+P
C. S+V+IO+DO
D. S+V+O+OC
2021 江苏期末易错
( ) 2. The reserve gives wildlife food and cover. The structure of this sentence is
.
A. S+V+P
B. S+V+IO+DO
C. S+V+O
D. S+V+O+OC
2021 江苏期末易错
( ) 3. They think John the best student. Here the sentence structure is
.
A. S+V+O
B. S+V+IO+DO
C. S+V+O+OC
D. S+V+P
2018 江苏期末易错
( ) 4. Which of the following sentence has the same structure as "We think John
a good student."?
A. I found Betty difficult to work with.
B. Amy bought a present for me last week.
C. Singing brings the young man great happiness.
D. Mum and Dad gave me nice presents for my birthday.
2021 江苏期末易错
( ) 5. Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the
other three?
A. People feel cold in winter.
B. Summer is my favourite season.
C. Leaves turn brown in autumn.
D. Children like flying kites in spring.
2020 江苏期末易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
33
Exercise 2
连词成句
解题方法：1. 抓主干2. 补其他3. 理逻辑
1. strong
2. are
3. protect
4. They
5. themselves
6. to
7. enough
8. .
1.
2021 广东期末易错
1. well
2. The manager
3. as
4. provide
5. and
6. to
7. delicious food
8. excellent service
9. promised
10. .
2.
2020 上海易错
1. for
2. a trip
3. Betty
4. Hangzhou
5. to
6. has booked
7. on the Internet
8. her parents
9. .
3.
2021 上海期末易错
1. a big dinner
2. last weekend
3. at home
4. eating out
5. We
6. instead of
7. cooked
8. .
4.
2021 上海易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
34
Exercise 3
翻译
解题方法：1. 抓主干2. 补其他3. 理逻辑
1. 他刚才向那个老人主动提供了一些吃的东西。
2021 江苏难题
2. 昨天晚上那个游泳选手花了最少的时间完成游泳比赛。
2022 江苏期中难题
简单句的叠加-- 并列句
连接方式
并列连词
(_________)
for
( 表原因)
He felt cold, for it was snowing.
and
( 表并列)
London is in England, and Rome is in Italy.
nor
( _________ )
Mary never wrote the letter, nor did she call him.
but
( 表转折)
Mary ran fast, but she couldn't catch John.
or
( 表选择)
Will Mary go, or will John go?
yet
( 表转折)
I have known him for a long time, yet I have never
understood him.
so
( 表结果)
He was feeling sick, so he went to the doctor.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
35
注意：
1. 并列连词前通常要加逗号，除非分句特别短；
2. 不要用________ 单独连接两个分句；
句
个
一
后
最
在
只
常
通
，
时
词
连
列
并
的
样
同
用
要
需
且
，
句
分
列
并
上
以
个
两
有
子
句
个
一
果
如
.
3
子前用这个连词，其他分句之间用逗号
He is a doctor, Mary is a nurse and Jack is a driver.
4. 特殊句式：________, + and / or + 简单句
Stand over there, and you'll be able to see it better.
Exercise 1 连词成句
解题方法：1. 抓主干2. 补其他3. 理逻辑
1. is
2. The
3. too
4. can't
5. computer
6. afford
7. and
8. expensive
9. it
10. I
11. .
12. ,
1.
2020 天津期末易错
1. fond of
2. so
3. always
4. I'm
5. visiting
6. nature
7. I
8. look forward to
9. Mount Tai.
10. ,
11. .
2.
Exercise 2 翻译
解题方法：1. 抓主干2. 补其他3. 理逻辑
1. 在过去，学生们经常在户外玩耍，但现在他们更多时候呆在电脑前面。
2019 广东期中难题
2. 我应该向这个模范学生学习，因为他不贪婪，而且从不浪费他的零花钱。(for)
2021 上海期中难题
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
36
模块3
Part Three
灵活巧用
考试题型
解题方法
综合填空
1．找（主谓） 2．判（词义词性） 3．填/ 选（答案）
连词成句
1．抓主干( 主谓）
2．补其他（修饰）
3．理逻辑
翻译
完形/ 阅读理解长难句
写作
关卡1 — 青铜关
选词填空
解题方法：1. 找（主谓）2. 判（词义词性）3. 填/选（答案）
A. support
B. depends on
C. likely
D. responsibility
E. necessary
Students will also learn about commitment (承诺) and 1 . Gardening takes
teamwork and patience. The success of the garden 2 completing every task.
Everyone can take pride in the results.
Finally, students will learn healthy eating habits. A lot of kids don't like vegetables.
However, if they have helped grow the food, they will be more 3 to try it. Many
students will be shocked to find out that they like green, leafy stuff!
We hope that you will 4 our idea. Thank you for your time.
2021 上海基础
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关卡2 — 白银关
连词成句
解题方法：1. 抓主干(主谓）2. 补其他（修饰）3. 理逻辑
1. always
2. He
3. all
4. but
5. threatens to
6. bark
7. and
8. call the police
9. it's
10. no bite
11. .
12. ,
1.
2021 上海期末易错
1. is
2. helpful
3. Sharing the housse work
4. to set up
5. for us
6. good
relationships
7. with our parents
8. .
2.
关卡3 —王者关
长难句分析
解题方法：1. 判句型（找关联词）2. 抓主干（找动词）3. 理逻辑（看其他成分）
Teaching them small acts of kindness, such as letting someone else go through a
door first as they hold it open, may seem unimportant, but it can go a long way toward
helping students realize how to be polite and think others.
句子类型：
分句1 主干：
其他成分：such as letting someone else go through a door first as they hold it open
分句2 主干：
其他成分: toward helping students realize how to be polite and think others
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翻译：
阅读长难句
翻译与写作
下面是一篇关于如何学好英语的作文片段，请根据中文将其补充完整：
学习英语根本不是一件容易的事情。首先，你必须每天坚持听英语，因为听是英语学习
的基础。第二，你最好每天练习读，否则，你对篇章的理解就会变慢。第三，利用早上时间背
诵(recite) 英语以及闲暇时间出声朗读对你很有好处。第四，写作很重要。但是，如果你学
会了各种写作技巧，你并不需要写很多。最后但同样重要的是，当你遇到困难时，你应该保
持冷静，永远不要放弃，要记住：
“没有痛苦，就没有收获。”
1.
is not an easy job at all.
First, you must keep on
listening to English materials every day, 2.
is a basic part
of English learning.
Second, you'd better practice 3.
on a daily basis,
4.
you will get slow in the understanding of passages. Third, it is of great
benefit 5.
English in the morning, 6.
it is also good for you to
read aloud in your spare time. Fourth, 7.
is important, 8.
you
don't have to write a lot so long as you learn the skills of every kind of writing. Last
but not least, you should keep calm when you meet with difficulties, never give up,
9.
always bear in mind that "No pains, no gains."
2021 北京延庆难题
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模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. （10'X 5 = 50'）
( ) 1. Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge.
句子的主语是：
A. junior high school
B. senior high school
C. a big challenge
D. Going from junior high school to senior high school
( ) 2. I found the book too difficult.
A. " 主谓双宾语" 结构
B. " 主系表" 结构
C. " 主谓宾" 结构
D. " 主谓宾宾补" 结构
( ) 3.
a diary every day and you'll improve your writing.
A. Keeping
B. To keep
C. Keep
D. If you keep
( ) 4. I'd like to go shopping with you,
I'm too busy today.
A. but
B. and
C. so
D. or
( ) 5. Mike hasn't appeared for two weeks,
his friends are wondering what has
happened to him.
A. so
B. but
C. or
D. for
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II. 判断下列句子类型。（10'X 5 = 50'）
A. 主+ 谓
B. 主+ 谓+ 宾
C. 主+ 谓+ 间宾+ 直宾
D. 主+ 谓+ 宾+ 补
E. 主+ 系+ 表
1 We discovered a great new restaurant near the office.
2 The islands are certainly a paradise for wildlife.
3 One thousand people will probably give you a thousand different answers.
4 Sometimes she would sit on the balcony, staring into the darkness and saying
nothing.
5 Her sense of humor made her very popular at college.
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易错难点精选习题课
本讲知识考点概览
4 大题型精讲精练
I. 句型填空
II. 首字母填空
III. 连词成句
IV. 语篇翻译
精选题目方法提炼
综合填空类：
Step1．找（主谓）
Step2．判（词义词性）
Step3．填/选（答案）
翻译/连词成句/写作类：
Step1. 抓主干（主谓）
Step2. 补其他
Step3. 理逻辑
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精选题目精练
I. 句型填空
请分析下列各句基本结构，并用英文字母标明。
1.
The girl stayed awake all the night.
句式结构:
2.
He showed me how to run the machine carefully.
句式结构:
3.
My teacher had me standing all the morning.
句式结构:
4.
A Chinese painting exhibition will take place next month.
句式结构:
2021 北京东城
N O
T
E
S
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II. 首字母填空
It's usually sad to hear something is downgraded (降级). But when the International
Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN, 国际自然保护联盟) downgraded the giant panda
on its Red List in 2016, the whole world was h 1 . The Red List r 2
the world's species (物种) and points out which ones are going to extinct (灭绝). Since the
1990s, the giant panda has been in danger. Now its status (危险等级) has been lowered to
vulnerable (脆弱的).
Researchers believe there are now nearly 2,000 giant pandas
l 3 in the wilds of China. The n 4 was 1,600 in 2003 and 1,200 in the
1980s.
The increase in the panda population is great because China does the best to
s 5 the cute animals. Since 1958, China has b 6 67 nature reserves for
pandas. There they are safe from danger and enjoy enough fresh b 7 .
China has also welcomed other foreign organizations that wish to study pandas. The first
such visit was in 1979 by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF, 世界自然基金会). Its world-famous
logo made the animal p 8 all over the world. China also sends pandas to other
c 9 as special ambassadors (大使). Foreign zoos p 10 money and the
money can help China to protect pandas better.
The recovery of the panda shows that when science, politics and local communities
come together, we can save wildlife, WWF Director General Marco Lambertini told CNN.
2021 江苏期末
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
N O
T
E
S
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III. 连词成句
1. find,
2. school,
3. it,
4. I,
5. study,
6. important,
7. to,
8. hard,
9. in,
10. middle
11. .
1.
网校易错汇编
1. essential
2. work properly
3. for
4. Enough sleep
5. your memory
6. is
7. to
8. .
2.
2020 上海期末
1. the Internet
2. because of
3. Stores
4. losing their customers
5. the development of
6. are
7. .
3.
2020 上海期末
1. amazing
2. musical
3. skills
4. made
5. him
6. popular
7. His
8. .
4.
2021 河北
1. Jimmy
2. Helping
3. teaches
4. parents
5. responsibility and independence
6. with housework
7. .
5.
2021 上海期末
N O
T
E
S
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IV. 语篇翻译
The Role of the Disabled in Society
The 2022 Paralympic Winter Games will be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou in north
China's Hebei province.
Hosting the Paralympic Games will help draw attention to the need for countries to do
more to make sure equal chances for all people in society. 1. It is necessary to realize the
great achievements which are made by disabled people.
2. 残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多，and more achievements are expected to be
seen as the country has been speeding up to realize the goal of achieving "equality, participation
and sharing", as expressed in the 2019 White Paper on China's 70 years of progress in
dealing with the needs of the disabled.
3. The Chinese government is trying to solve the needs of the disabled and provide
them with new chances. For example, buildings, public transport and other public places are
becoming more wheelchair friendly.
Modern media also play an important role in educating the public about the needs of the
disabled and also changing society's image of them, so there is greater focus on their special
abilities rather than on their disabilities.
In fact, the society's most disabled people provide all of us with important lessons. They
show us confidence, creativity and positivity. The loser will fail 99 times and then give up. 4.
要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。You must always learn from your failures, and move on.
2021 湖南
1.
It is necessary to realize the great achievements which are made by disabled people.
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2.
残疾人在中国的生活已经改善了很多。
3.
The Chinese government is trying to solve the needs of the disabled and provide them
with new chances.
4.
要成功，你必须有耐心，永不放弃。
N O
T
E
S
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本讲知识总结
Ⅰ. 句型填空
简单句的五种基本句型：
1. 主+ 谓(不及物动词）
2. 主+ 谓（及物动词）+ 宾
3. 主+ 系+ 表（主语补足语）
4. 主+ 谓+ 间宾+ 直宾
5. 主+ 谓+ 宾+ 宾补
II. 首字母填空
【易错】
1. There be sth. doing sth. 句式
2. The number + 三单
3. make sth. + adj. / done... 用法
III. 连词成句
【易错】
1. sb. find it important to do sth. 句式
2. sth. is essential for sb. to do sth. 句式
3. because of + n. 由于
4. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
IV. 语篇翻译
英译汉：
1. 分析英文结构，理清句意：
Step1: 抓主谓Step2: 补其他Step3: 理逻辑
2. 按合适的汉语逻辑翻译
3. 检查是否符合上下文语境
汉译英：
1. 理清句子所需词汇及句式
2. 写主干，补其他，理逻辑
3. 检查句法是否正确
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LECTURE 1
Lecture1
Part One
地道阅读
学习精读文章(Hanfu Craze)
学习阅读技能：
近义词(Synonyms)
学习13 个认知词汇+7 个核心
词汇
Part Two
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
地道阅读
Reading
Part One
A. DEFINITIONS
Look at the photo and read the caption. Match each word in
bold with its definition.
1. ________________: a period of years during which members of a
particular family rule a country
2. ________________: to make sth. illegal
3. ________________: very typical of sth.
4. ________________: to rule as king, queen, emperor, etc.
5. ________________: clothes, especially a particular type of clothes
B. DISCUSSION
Why do you think hanfu is making a comeback in modern society?
BEFORE YOU READ
Hanfu, literally 'Han clothes',
is one of the traditional
types of Chinese clothing. It
served as the characteristic
clothing for the Han ethnic
group for more than three
millennia and was outlawed
at the beginning of the Qing
Dynasty, when the Manchus
reigned.
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A Whenever Meng Ying, a 24-year-old
Beijing girl, wears hanfu, she will
attract a lot of attention. And she loves
it. “It has never failed to turn heads
and some enthusiastic strangers would
even come and take pictures with me,
especially when I hang out with my
friends,” says Meng.
B Hanfu generally refers to clothing of the
Han people before the Manchus reigned
in the Qing Dynasty. The traditional
costume often features a long flowing
robe with loose sleeves that hang down
to the knees and a belt at the waist.
C In recent years, hanfu has become
more and more popular in China.
Meng tried on hanfu when she visited
the Palace Museum about four years
ago, for she found the trend catching
on in scenic sites across the capital. “It
looked refreshing and carried a sense
of ritual-sort of a tribute to history,
especially against the right backdrop
１,”
she says.
D As Meng’s interest in the historical clothes
grew, she dived deep into relevant
cultural elements and joined a few interest
groups. “It’s interesting to see people
discussing hanfu and some of them even
greet each other in the old-fashioned way
on the streets,” Meng says.
E According to a Guangzhou-based
market consultancy, China’s hanfu
market has been growing rapidly. The
number of hanfu fans is expected to
reach 6.89 million this year, and market
sale to hit at least 10.16 billion yuan
($1.58 billion).
F A report showed that female consumers
born after 1995 made up the biggest
consumer group of hanfu in 2019. Many
scenic spots have caught up with the
hanfu trend and offer related services
to tourists. Popular
television dramas
and social media
influencers have
also contributed to
the hanfu craze.
1 The backdrop to an event
is the general situation in
which it happens.
Craze
Hanfu
初二| 英语| 目标S 班
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( ) 1. What does it refer to in the second sentence of the first
paragraph?
A. Being a young Beijing girl.
B. People’s attention to her clothes.
C. The fact that some people fail to turn heads.
D. Taking pictures with strangers.
( ) 2. The underlined word “refreshing” in the passage probably
means “_________”.
A. different and novel
B. familiar
C. strange
D. boring
( ) 3. In what way does the writer tell us
how China’s hanfu market has
been growing?
A. By using numbers.
B. By writing about his own experiences.
C. By following the order of time.
D. By providing causes.
( ) 4. The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A. a report about China’s hanfu market
B. what the consumer group of hanfu is made up of
C. how scenic spots offer hanfu-related services to tourists
D. why hanfu has become very popular in China
READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
Reference
Vocabulary
Detail
Main Idea
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Recognizing and Understanding Synonyms
A synonym is a word or expression that has the same meaning as another word.
Writers often use them to avoid repeating the same words and to add variety to their
writing. Knowledge of synonyms can greatly help your reading comprehension.
It is often possible to guess the meaning of unknown synonyms from the context in
which they are used. For example, in the sentences below, we can guess that the
expression turn heads is a synonym of attract a lot of attention.
Whenever Meng Ying, a 24-year-old Beijing girl, wears hanfu, she will attract a lot
of attention. And she loves it. “It has never failed to turn heads and some
enthusiastic strangers would even come and take pictures with me,…
When you learn new vocabulary, it is a good idea to also list any synonyms. You can
check for synonyms in a dictionary or thesaurus. If a synonym has a slightly different
meaning, note the difference.
I. RECOGNIZING SYNONYMS
A. Look back at paragraph C from the reading passage. Find and underline a
synonym for the expression become more and more popular.
II. UNDERSTANDING SYNONYMS
B. The words below are also synonyms for the adjective popular. Check them in
a dictionary or thesaurus. Are these words used in informal, formal, or rather
formal situations?
READING SKILL
hot attractive desirable
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MATCHING A. Match each word in orange with its definition.
1. If you are attracted by sth., a. you believe that it will happen.
2. If something contributes to b. you ask them if they would
an event or situation, like to have it or use it.
3. If you offer something to someone, c. it is one of the causes of it.
4. If you expect something to happen, d. it interests you and makes
you want it.
COMPLETION B. Complete the sentences using words from the box. Change forms if
necessary.
1.The school sees its job as preparing students to make a _______ to the
society.
2. Like most parents, we have high _________ for our children.
3. After I _______ up, I remembered what I'd wanted to say.
4. Films with big stars always attract great _________.
5. Many foreign visitors like _________ Chinese food very much.
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
tradition attention contribute hang expect
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模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
Choose the best answer. (8' X 5 = 40')
( ) 1. The roast beef cooked by mum seems so
that my mouth is watering.
A. attractive
B. attract
C. attraction
D. attractively
( ) 2. Boys and girls, please pay
to the difference between the two words.
A. success
B. discussion
C. experience
D. attention
( ) 3. Can you
with me on Saturday night if you are free?
A. hand in
B. hang in
C. hang
D. hang out
( ) 4. — Look, how wonderful this paper-cutting is!
— So it is. Paper cutting is a/an
Chinese art with a long history.
A. common
B. modern
C. important
D. traditional
( ) 5. Duty is an act or a course of action that people
you to take by social
customs, law or religion.
A. persuade
B. request
C. instruct
D. expect
II. Reading (15' X 4 = 60')
What is your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or
talk? The first time you watched a television program? Adults seldom call back events
much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than
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three or four seldom remember any specific, personal experiences.
A variety of
explanations have been suggested by psychologists (心理学家) for this "childhood
amnesia".
Now Annette Simms, a psychologist of Riverdale University, offers a new explanation
for childhood amnesia.
According to Dr.
Simms, children need to learn to use someone else's spoken
description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, fast
forgotten impressions of them into long-term memories.
In other words, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others
talk about them.
Without this verbal reinforcement (语言强化), children cannot form
permanent memories of what they have experienced.
So why should personal memories depend so heavily on hearing them described?
Dr. Simms presents evidence that the human mind organizes memories in that way.
Children whose mothers talk with them about the day's activities before bedtime tend to
remember more of the day's special event than those whose mothers don't. Talking about
an event in this way helps a child to remember it. And learning to organize memories as
a continuous story is the key to a permanent mental "autobiography (自传)" of important
life events. Dr. Simms suggests that we humans may be biologically programmed to turn
our life experiences into a novel.
"The key to creating this mental life story is language," says Dr. Simms. "Children
learn to talk about the past," she says. "Talking to others about their short-term memories
of the past leads to the establishment (建立) of long-term memories." One way it does this
is by helping a child to recognize that the retelling of an experience is just the experience
itself, recreated in the form of words. The child learns that this "word-description" of an
experience can then be stored in the memory and called back at any time. But a child's
language skills are usually not ready for this until the age of three or four, so they have
no way to remember the earliest of their experiences.
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( ) 1. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?
A. Children need to discuss experiences with their parents.
B. Why can't we remember the events of early childhood?
C. Adults can't remember things as well as children.
D. What are memories of early childhood like?
( ) 2. What does the word "amnesia in the first paragraph mean?
A. A mental life story.
B. A childhood memory.
C. Inability to remember.
D. Researches on memory.
( ) 3. To form long-term memories of their experiences, young children need to
.
A. talk about them with others
B. grow older than three or four
C. write a story in their own language
D. have a good relationship with their parents
( ) 4. According to Dr. Simms, the reason why children don't form long-term memories
before the age of three is that children
.
A. can't call back their experiences
B. have nowhere to store the memories
C. haven't developed enough language skills
D. confuse the memory with the experience itself
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易错难点精选习题课
本讲知识考点概览
I. 精讲词汇：
1. 两组易混辨析：
(1) expect & hope & wish
(2) offer & provide
2. 两组固定搭配：
(1) hang on & hang out & hang up
(2) attract / receive / catch attention
make a contribution to / towards...
accept one's offer
3. 词性转换：
attract & attractive & attraction & attractively
II. 两大话题阅读“猜词题”技巧演练：
话题1：学校与社会
话题2：自然科学
精选题目方法提炼
I. 易混辨析/ 固搭类：
Step 1. 找搭配
Step 2. 判词形
Step 3. 选（填）答案
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II. 词性转换类：
Step 1. 找主干
Step 2. 判成分
Step 3. 选（填）答案
III. 话题阅读技巧演练：
“词汇题”: 上下文寻找线索— 同义词，近义词，反义词，解释(paraphrase) 等
精选题目精练
I. Multiple Choice
( ) 1. Both of my parents
me to go to a good university.
A. hope
B. hopes
C. expect
D. wishes
2018 陕西期中
( ) 2. — What do you think of the hotel?
— Great! It can
us hot water and
delicious food for us.
A. provide; provide
B. provide; offer
C. offer; provide
D. offer; offer
2019 河北衡水期末
( ) 3. The room is arranged very
so it is not surprising that we have to pay a
high rent.
A. attract
B. attractive
C. attraction
D. attractively
2019 上海期末
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
63
( ) 4. On March 20th, the Sanxingdui Ruins in Guanghan, Sichuan drew the world's
.
A. attention
B. condition
C. instruction
D. production
2021 江苏苏州
( ) 5. — Is that Linda speaking?
—
for a moment. I'll get her.
A. Hang on
B. Hang out
C. Hang up
D. Hang off
2020 湖北武汉
N O
T
E
S
II. Sentence Completion
1.
Some Public Service Ads mainly aim to make
(贡献) to society.
2017 吉林长春期末
2.
After thinking about it, I've decided to
(接受你的提议).
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
64
III. Reading
A 篇
Libraries give kids a quiet and safe place to read and learn. For over 100 years, libraries
have played an important role in Americans' education. But how are these book-filled buildings
changing with time? You may be surprised to find out.
Benjamin Franklin famously founded America's first lending library in 1731. But the
public library system got its biggest development in the American history in the late 1800s.
Businessman Andrew Carnegie donated millions of dollars to help build free public libraries
across the country. Between 1886 and 1919, Carnegie's donations helped build 1,679 new
libraries.
Carnegie believed that libraries could offer chances to Americans, young and old. He
knew that the more libraries there were, the more people would have opportunities to read
and use books, speeches and news.
If you can easily find a public library in your community (社区), you'll get more chances.
After all, the United States has 9,225 public libraries. Today, libraries keep growing. About
seven tenths of the libraries have free Internet.
It provides much more information and
opportunities to look for jobs online.
Libraries are also teaching kids about the fun of reading. The new program Read! Build!
Play! adds reading into playtime. As kids listen to a book that is being read aloud, they use
Legos (乐高积木) to build images (图像) from the story happily. Today's libraries are always
looking for creative programs to bring people into the library.
Benjamin Franklin once said, "The doors of wisdom (智慧) are never shut." As long as
the doors of public libraries are open, what he said is most certainly correct!
2019 上海期末
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
65
( ) 1. The underlined word "founded" is the closest in meaning to "
".
A. created
B. owned
C. built
D. searched
( ) 2. Thanks to Carnegie's donations,
new libraries were built between 1886
and 1919.
A. 1,679
B. 1,731
C. 1,800
D. 9,225
( ) 3. The last paragraph mainly tells us
.
A. libraries have played an important role in Americans' education
B. public libraries in the US should never close the doors
C. the writer doesn't agree with Benjamin Franklin
D. libraries help people to open the doors of wisdom
( ) 4. The best title for the passage is
.
A. The Libraries in the World
B. Libraries and Opportunities
C. Libraries Teach Kids to Read and Learn
D. The Development of the American Libraries
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
66
B 篇
We all know the sun is important. It provides life for plants, animals, and people here
on Earth. But how does the sun do that? It's the sun's energy that makes life on our planet
possible.
Energy from the sun is called solar (太阳的) energy. It comes in the form of light or heat.
Solar energy is what makes you feel hot when you sit in the sunlight. People have used solar
energy for thousands of years. Houses are built with windows so that sunlight can get inside
and provide heat. The sun's energy can also be used to heat water and even food. If you
own a magnifying glass (放大镜), your parents have probably warned you about leaving it in
the sun. Solar energy can actually make the magnifying glass burn things under it, causing a
fire. This type of energy from the sun in the form of heat is called solar thermal (热的) energy.
We can also turn the sun's light into electricity (电能). This is done with solar panels.
Using this technology, we can run a calculator (计算器) and even power cars. But what
happens when groups of clouds block the solar panels? Does this mean that solar energy
can only be used on bright sunny days? Solar panels can have batteries (电池) with them to
store (储存) electricity for a rainy day. When the sun is shining, the electricity flows from the
solar panel into the batteries. This stored electricity can be used at night or on cloudy days.
Do you know that solar energy is not as expensive as it used to be? In fact, in the last
few years, solar panels have become much more affordable for people to use. Since the
sun gives off more energy in one second than people have used since the beginning of time,
imagine what we could do if we used the sun's energy to power our earth.
2021 江苏南京期末
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
67
( ) 1. What is the writer trying to do in this text?
A. To show the feature of the sun.
B. To tell the importance of the sun.
C. To discover the secrets of the sun.
D. To introduce the energy of the sun.
( ) 2. What are solar panels used for?
A. To get heat energy from the sun.
B. To get light energy from the sun.
C. To get light and heat from the sun.
D. To get electrical energy from the sun.
( ) 3. The word "affordable" in Paragraph 4 means "
".
A. easy enough
B. cheap enough
C. a bit expensive
D. quite simple
( ) 4. Which of the following is the writer's opinion about the sun's energy?
A. People will drive cars with solar panels in the near future.
B. People began to use the sun's energy thousands of years ago.
C. Batteries are used to store electricity for rainy days or nights.
D. A magnifying glass can burn things with solar thermal energy.
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
68
本讲知识总结
I. 词汇演练：
1. 易错高频考点
【高频】2 大易混辨析+ 2 组固定搭配
(1) expect & hope & wish 组
expect (sb.) to do sth.
hope to do sth.
wish (sb.) to do sth.
(2) offer & provide 组
offer sb. sth. / offer sth. to sb.
provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth.
(3) 固定搭配hang 组
hang on 别挂电话，等一下
hang out (with) 常去某处；泡在某处
hang up 挂断电话
(4) 其他固定搭配
attract / receive / catch attention 吸引某人关注/兴趣
make a contribution to / towards... 为……做出贡献
accept one's offer 接受某人提议
【易错】词性转换
attract & attractive & attraction & attractively
2. 做题方法
Step 1: 找搭配/主干Step 2: 判词形/成分Step 3: 选（填）答案
II. 两大话题阅读技巧演练：
“猜词题”方法：上下文寻找线索（同义词、近义词、反义词、解释等）
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LECTURE 2
Lecture2
Part One
Grammar
学习形副比较级和最高级的规
则与不规则变化
学习形副三级比较7 大句型
Part Two
Reading Skill
学习“推理判断题”解题方法
学习4 个重点词汇及10 个拓
展词汇
Part Three
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
70
模块1
Part One
Grammar
形容词副词
知识点
一级考点
考频星级
难度系数（1-5）
校内进度
形容词
副词
比较级、最高级基本用法及
变化规则
☆☆☆☆☆
4
八年级必考考点
原级、比较级、最高级句型
☆☆☆☆☆
5
I. 基本用法
比较级
_______ 之间进行比较
Tom is taller than Mike.
最高级
_______ 或_______ 进行比较
Tom is the tallest boy in his class.
II. 变化规则
1. 规则变化
规律
原级
比较级
最高级
一般情况
直接 +er 或est
quick
quicker
quickest
________ 结尾
去e，+er 或est
late
later
latest
重读闭音节结尾
双写尾字母，
+er 或est
big
bigger
biggest
________+y 结尾
改y 为i，
+er 或est
heavy
early
heavier
earlier
heaviest
earliest
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
71
多音节和部分
双音节词
前加more
或most
beautiful
slowly
more beautiful
more slowly
most beautiful
most slowly
2. 不规则变化
记忆口诀
原级
比较级
最高级
哥俩好
__________
better
best
仨坏蛋
bad / ill / badly
worse
worst
两个多
__________
more
most
一个少
little
less
least
老对长
old
older
elder
oldest
eldest
远对深
far
farther
__________
farthest
__________
Exercise 1
Complete the sentences using proper words according to the clues given.
1. Diana was a little fat in the past, but now she is much
(瘦的) than before.
2018 江苏基础
2. If you keep doing sports, you will be much
(健康的) than before.
2021 新疆基础
3. If you don't go to the hospital in time, you will get even
(更糟) later on.
2021 江苏苏州基础
4. The boy is only 10 years old, but he is much
(高) than his father.
2021 四川基础
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
72
5. Kitty scored the
(少) point of the three.
2020 江苏基础
6. The river is the
(深的) one in the town.
2020 江苏苏州基础
II. 重点知识—— 三级比较句型
1. 两大原级比较句型
肯定
A + 谓语 + as… as + B
A turtle is as intelligent as a rabbit.
否定
A + 谓语 + not _______… as + B
A turtle cannot run so/as fast as a rabbit.
2. 三大比较级句型
1. ________ + and + 比较级
The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
2. the + ________，the + 比较级
The higher the ground (is), the thinner the air
becomes.
3. 比较级 + than any other
He is better than any other student in the class.
Exercise 2
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. — Which do young people prefer, music or sports?
— Both. Music is
sports.
A. as popular as
B. not so popular as
C. more popular than
D. less popular than
2021 天津易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
73
( ) 2. My son didn't spend
money as his friends did on games.
A. much
B. as much
C. more
D. most
2021 上海期中易错
( ) 3. The young mother tried to talk with her naughty son as
as possible.
A. gentle
B. gently
C. more gently
D. most gently
2018 上海易错
( ) 4. My cousin dances
, if not better than my aunt.
A. as beautiful as
B. as beautifully as
C. so beautifully as
D. not so beautiful as
2022 江苏期中易错
( ) 5. — Why did you come back home so late today, Tom?
— There was a lot of traffic on the way. Moreover, the school didn't end as
as usual.
A. early
B. earlier
C. late
D. later
2021 江苏期末易错
( ) 6. If there is a big fire in a house, you'd better run out of the house
.
A. as quick as possible
B. as quick as can
C. as quickly as can
D. as quickly as possible
2021 江苏期末易错
( ) 7. The number of football players in our school
20, and it will become
.
A. is; more and more
B. is; bigger and bigger
C. are; more and more
D. are; bigger and bigger
2020 江苏易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
74
( ) 8.
we work at English, the better grades we will get.
A. Harder
B. The hardest
C. Hardest
D. The harder
2019 山东期末易错
( ) 9. — Many boy students think math is
English.
— I agree. I'm weak in English.
A. much difficult than
B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than
D. more difficult than
2021 江苏苏州易错
3. 两大最高级句型
1. one of + 最高级 + _______
A crow is one of the smartest animals in the world.
2. the + _______ + 最高级
A dolphin is said to be the third smartest animal in
the world.
Exercise 3
Translate the following Chinese into English.
1. 盐城自然保护区占地45，000 多平方公里，是中国第二大丹顶鹤栖息地。
2020 江苏难题
2. 他被认为是世界上最成功的作家之一。(regard)
2021 江苏期末难题
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
75
综合演练
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. Alex believes he will soon be able to play chess as
as the computer.
A. well
B. better
C. best
D. the best
2018 山东易错
( ) 2. I believe the harder you work,
grades you'll get in exams.
A. better
B. the better
C. the good
D. the best
2021 上海易错
( ) 3. I think the movie is
cartoon I have ever seen.
A. funny
B. funnier
C. funniest
D. the funniest
2021 天津易错
( ) 4. — What's the
movie theater in town?
— I think it's Movie World because you can sit the most
.
A. good; comfortable
B. good; comfortably
C. best; comfortably
D. best; comfortable
2020 山东期中易错
( ) 5. This book is
that one, but
than this one.
A. as difficult as; expensive
B. as more difficult as; more expensive
C. as difficult as; more expensive
D. more difficult as; as expensive
2021 江苏易错
( ) 6. People in the rural areas live a
life with the care of the government.
A. happier and happier
B. poorer and poorer
C. more and more happily
2021 湖北易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
76
模块2
Part Two
Reading Skill
阅读理解——推理判断题（细节推理）
推理判断题（细节推理）
考查能力
考查学生根据文章陈述的事实、背景以及人物态度等信息进行推理的能力。
常见设问
方式
1. We can infer / conclude / learn from the passage that ______.
2. The passage / paragraph implies / suggests ______.
3. Which of the following is TRUE / FALSE according to the passage?
解题技巧
1. 解题步骤
① 划：划出题干和选项关键词
② 定：根据关键词定位回原文
③ ____________________________________
2. 错误选项特点
信息错误、无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、过度推理、直接重复原文……
Example 1 从段落中推理
解题步骤：1⃝划— 2⃝定— 3⃝排
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20
times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still
struggles each day with not having enough water for everyone.
2020 天津
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
77
( B ) 1. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Water should be a human right.
× 过度推理
B. The water problem is still serious. √符合文意
C. Our planet is covered with water. × 无中生有
D. Everyone has enough clean water. × 信息错误
Example 2 从文章中推理
解题步骤：1⃝划— 2⃝定— 3⃝排
One of the things to be learnt in a foreign language is guessing all the time what kind
of thing is to come when listening to someone talking. People do this all the time in their
own language, so it is necessary (必要的) to do this in a foreign language, too. Here are
some examples.
1. "What's the matter?" "I went to a party last night, so I ..."
2. "I feel so tired these days." "I think you'd better ..."
3. "Of course, she never stops talking. She is one of the most ..."
You can see from the three examples that the context (上下文) helps a lot
in understanding what is being talked about.
So "guessing" is very important in
understanding English, especially (尤其) spoken English.
2019 安徽
( B ) 2. From the passage we can infer (推断) that "guessing" is
in
learning a foreign language.
A. the only way × 以偏概全
B. more important in spoken English than in written English √符合文意
C. more important than any other way × 无中生有
D. more important in written English than in spoken English × 张冠李戴
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
78
Practice
In 2019, my boyfriend and I took a week-long trip to Morocco (摩洛哥). I really loved
my trip to the Sahara desert (沙漠)! It was the first time for me to visit Africa, and I was
very nervous (紧张的). However, I was lucky to have Adil, an experienced and friendly
driver-guide! He looked after us well. On the first day, he showed us around Marrakesh,
and in the next two days we went to Casablanca and the famous blue city, Chefchaouen.
Thanks to him, I saw the best part of this country. He also took us to a good restaurant
to taste Couscous. It's a kind of traditional food, but it tasted a little strange (奇怪的) .
The most exciting moment came. On the fourth day we drove a jeep into the Sahara.
It took us a long time to drive, but when I saw the wonderful sunset, I couldn't help crying.
When night fell, we camped in the desert and cooked over an open fire. Adil played his
guitar and sang many songs. Later we slept under the beautiful starry sky. I will never
forget the night!
This was my first personal trip. Although we got very tired, and we spent much money,
it was really worth (值得) it! This was such a wonderful trip! Now I am planning my next
relaxing trip.
2021 重庆
( ) 1. What can you learn about Adil from Paragraph 1?
A. Adil is a local driver-guide.
B. Adil was friendly, but he didn't help them a lot in this trip.
C. Adil took them to taste Couscous.
D. Adil was good at planning trips.
( ) 2. What can we infer (推断) from the story?
A. The writer didn't want to spend much money at all.
B. The writer likes the traditional food Couscous very much.
C. The writer will be more and more interested in travelling.
D. Casablanca is the most famous city of Morocco.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
79
综合演练
If you're a kid who likes to have fun and chat with
friends online, here's how you can stay safe and avoid
problems.
Choose safer sites.
Your parents and teachers can
guide you to the best sites for you. Some sites have age
restrictions (限制), so it's safer to tell the truth and keep
away from those sites until you're older. Also remember that plenty of sites let you play
games and have fun without asking you to create an account (账户).
Guard your passwords.
To keep people from guessing your password, don't
pick something easy like your pet's name or your favourite team.
For a truly secret
password, try picking two very random (随机的) words that have nothing to do with
you (lampshadeMilk).
To keep it super secret, put a number between the words
(lampshade7Milk). Remember not to share your passwords with anyone except your
parents.
Limit what you share. It's best to think first and type second when you're sharing
something about yourself online. You probably already know that you shouldn't tell a
stranger where you live or give out your phone number. And be careful not to send
pictures that include other people or that allow others to see exactly where you are. Some
phones and computers will state your location, so always be sure your location apps are
turned off.
Be choosy about your online friends. Some sites let kids make lots of friends with
people they don't know. Some kids even compete to see who can get the most friends.
But online friends are not the same as real in-person friends.
Never agree to meet an online friend in person or give out personal information about
yourself, such as your home address, where you go to school, or your phone number. It's
dangerous because some adults pretend (假装) to be kids online.
2021 北京丰台
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
80
( ) 1. What should you do when you meet some sites with age restrictions?
A. Tell the truth.
B. Share it with friends.
C. Use others' accounts.
D. Pretend you are an adult.
( ) 2. Which of the following is a super secret password?
A. NBA.
B. 20071201.
C. keyflower3Tiger.
D. lampshadeMilk.
( ) 3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Most kids you meet online are actually adults.
B. Kids should let their parents decide what to do online for them.
C. The longer the password, the safer it will be.
D. If your location apps are turned on, others may be able to state your location.
( ) 4. What is the best title of the passage?
A. Online Rules to Follow
B. Online Problems You Meet
C. How to Choose Safer Sites
D. How to Make Friends Online
Vocabulary
1. location
/ləʊ'keɪʃn/
n. 地点；位置
(n.) a place where sth. happens or exists; the position of sth.
词性转换
__________
v. 找出……的准确位置；
把……安置 / 建在……
常考搭配
be located in
坐落在……；位于……
What is the exact location of the ship?
Rescue planes are trying to locate the missing sailors.
The new college will be located in the suburbs.
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81
2. compete
/kəm'pi:t/
v. 竞争；对抗
(v.) to try to be more successful or better than sb. else who is trying to do the same as
you
常考搭配
compete ______ /
______ sb. (for sth.)
( 为某物而) 与某人竞争
词性转换
____________
n. 竞争
Kangaroos compete with sheep and cattle for food and water.
Competition.
3. personal
/'pɜ:sənl/
adj. 个人的; 亲自的；人际的；针对个人的
(adj.) your own; not belonging to or connected with anyone else
词性转换
____________
adv. 在个人看来; 亲自
person
n. 人；个人
常考搭配
____________
亲自
personally speaking / to
me personally
就我个人而言
Of course, this is just a personal opinion.
He's a fascinating person.
She wanted to hear him sing in person.
Personally speaking, I think this design not user-friendly.
4. pretend
/prɪ'tend/
v. 假装; 扮作; 自诩
(v.) to behave in a particular way, in order to make other people believe sth. that is not
true
常考搭配
pretend ___________
假装做某事
扫码听音频
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
82
Exercise 1
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. It is not polite of us to read others' private letters.
A. everyday
B. personal
C. strange
2020 山东基础
( ) 2. — Her father tried to
that nothing unusual had happened.
— In fact, it was not serious.
A. imagine
B. pretend
C. mean
D. warn
湖北武汉基础
( ) 3. Sichuan Province,
in southwest China, is one of the largest provinces
in China.
A. locates
B. directed
C. located
D. direct
2021 四川难题
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks.
1. In the film, the police tried their best to
(location) where the girl was.
2019 上海易错
2. The wonderful singing
(compete) is coming on Dec.9th in our school.
2020 甘肃兰州易错
3. 我打算亲自去看望他。
I'm going to visit him
.
2021 天津南开易错
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
83
模块3
Part Three
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Multiple Choice (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. We are glad to see that Shanghai is developing
these years than ever
before.
A. quickly
B. more quickly
C. less quickly
D. most quickly
( ) 2. I think she sings
a pop star.
A. as good as
B. so good as
C. so well as
D. as well as
( ) 3. Nanjing isn't so large
Shanghai; however, it's the second
city in
East China.
A. like; largest
B. as; largest
C. like; large
D. as; large
( ) 4. — Madam, what about this skirt?
— I want to buy a
one than this, but
this.
A. cheaper; as good as
B. cheap; so good as
C. cheaper; so good as
D. cheap; as good as
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84
( ) 5. — The prices of the things in Rongchuang Mall is not
in other malls.
― Yes, and there are more fun places to go.
A. as high as those
B. as high as that
C. as expensive as those
D. as expensive as that
II. Reading (10' X 5 = 50')
It was about 1:00 in the morning. There was bright light in my neighbor's kitchen. I
thought he might be having midnight food so I went back to my bed. Soon, there was a
burning smell and I realized there must be something wrong. I jumped out of bed at once
and went to have a look. I saw fire coming out of his kitchen. I shouted, "Fire! Fire! " But
nobody heard me. I ran quickly to my house and called the Fire Department (消防队) and
went back to my neighbor's house.
I knocked at the door and called my neighbor's name, but there was no answer. I
tried to break into the house and saved a cat and a chicken. Then I poured water through
the kitchen window but it was no use, because the fire was too big. Luckily, the firemen
arrived and put out the fire in time.
When my neighbor came back, he was sad because his kitchen was burnt down, but
he thanked me for calling the Fire Department and saving his pets.
A week later, my neighbor invited me to his home for dinner. In his new kitchen, he
took a photo of me. Later on, he gave me the photo as a gift. It made me happy.
( ) 1. When the writer saw the light in his neighbor's kitchen, he thought his neighbor
was
.
A. cooking
B. drinking water
C. playing
D. doing the dishes
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( ) 2. What did the writer do first after he saw fire coming out of his neighbor's
kitchen?
A. He shouted for help.
B. He ran into his house quickly.
C. He called the Fire Department.
D. He knocked at his neighbor's door.
( ) 3. The writer's neighbor kept
as pets according to the text.
A. a dog and a cat
B. a cat and a bird
C. a dog and a bird
D. a cat and a chicken
( ) 4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. The writer put out the fire at last.
B. The neighbor was at home when the fire happened.
C. The neighbor invited the writer to have dinner.
D. The writer took a photo with his neighbor in his new kitchen.
( ) 5. We can know from the text that the writer is
.
A. outgoing
B. famous
C. helpful
D. hardworking
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
86
易错难点精选习题课
本讲知识考点概览
I. 形副比较级最高级精练
考点1：形副变化规则
考点2：原级比较句型
考点3：比较级句型
考点4：最高级句型
考点5：倍数表达法
II. 核心词汇精练
词汇：location, compete, personal, pretend
III. 家人和亲友话题阅读精练
考点：推理判断
精选题目方法提炼
I. 语法：
找标志-代句型-通句意
II. 推理判断：划-定-排
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
87
精选题目精练
I. Multiple Choice
( ) 1. — Which is more exciting, swimming or rock-climbing?
— I think swimming is
rock-climbing, so I'd like to swim.
A. more exciting than
B. less exciting than
C. as exciting as
D. so exciting as
2021 江苏苏州基础
( ) 2. Bob skates
than I but he doesn't skate
my brother.
A. better; so good as
B. better; so well as
C. worse; as good as
D. worse; as well as
2021 江苏苏州期中基础
( ) 3. Lang Lang is one of
pianists in China now and he showed up at the 2014
Spring Festival Gala.
A. more popular
B. the most popular
C. the least popular
D. less popular
2021 广东期中基础
( ) 4. The talent show is
the game show. I like both.
A. as boring as
B. not so bored as
C. as interesting as
D. not so interested as
2021 北京海淀期中基础
( ) 5. 10,000 is a large amount of money, but it is still
than they need.
A. far less
B. a little more
C. very little
D. more less
2021 江苏苏州基础
( ) 6. The population of the USA is about
that of China.
A. one-fourth
B. one-fourth large
C. one-fourth as larger as
D. one-fourth as large as
2021 广东深圳易错
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88
( ) 7. The new area of the city is about
the old one.
A. three times the size as
B. three times the size of
C. three times that is
D. three times what is
2019 上海易错
( ) 8. The girl found the T-shirt sold online was
that in the supermarket.
A. as half cheap as
B. cheap as half as
C. the half price of
D. half the price of
2019 江苏易错
( ) 9. — What does the model plane look like?
— Well, the wings of the plane are
of its body.
A. more than twice the length
B. twice more than the length
C. more than the length twice
D. more twice than the length
2020 江苏期中较难
( ) 10. Thanks to the good weather, the production of wheat this year will be
that
of last year.
A. as much double as
B. double as much as
C. more double than
D. as much as double
2019 上海易错
( ) 11. Little Tom
to be doing his homework attentively when his mother came
home.
A. prevented
B. pretended
C. protected
D. prepared
河北基础
( ) 12. — Do you have pressure of school?
— Yes. I have to
with my classmates.
A. play
B. compete
C. fight
D. help
2019 广东基础
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
89
( ) 13. It's not good to ask questions about someone's
life.
A. busy
B. simple
C. personal
D. healthy
上海易错
( ) 14. Is there enough
in your house to put this large bookshelf in?
A. place
B. room
C. seat
D. location
2021 广东基础
( ) 15. — Which shirt is better, the blue one or the red one?
—
, I like the blue one.
A. Personally
B. Humorously
C. Carelessly
2021 江苏基础
N O
T
E
S
II. Sentence Completion
1.
You can search the Internet for
(进一步) information.
2.
Drinking Coke Cola can make you even
(口渴) after doing sports.
3.
My father often says that facts speak
(大声) than words.
4.
You really did a bad job, but I myself did
(坏).
5.
As the weather gets hotter, we get
(困) in class.
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
90
III. 家人和亲友话题阅读理解
I never believed in Father Christmas — Santa Claus. None of us kids did. Mom and
Dad refused to let us.
They didn't have enough money to buy expensive presents and they didn't want us to
think we weren't as good as other kids who, on Christmas morning, found all kinds of beautiful
toys under the tree.
Dad did several part-time jobs, but when Christmas came that year, we still had no
money at all. On Christmas Eve, Dad took each one of us kids out into the desert (沙漠) at
night one by one. Dad loved to talk about the stars. Those shining stars, he liked to point
out, were one of the special treats for people like us who lived out in the wilderness.
"Choose your favorite star, Jeannette, " Dad said.
I could have any star I wanted, dad said, but not Betelgeuse and Rigel, because Lori
and Brian had already them. I looked up to the stars and tried to find out which was
the best one.
"I like that one!" I said.
Dad smiled. "That's Venus, " he said. Venus was only a planet (行星) but she looked
bigger and brighter because she was much closer to us than the stars. "Poor old Venus didn't
even make her own light," Dad said, "She shone only from reflected (反射的) light."
"I like it anyway, "I said. I had admired (羡慕) Venus even before that Christmas.
"Whatever, " Dad said, "It's Christmas. You can have a planet if you want."
And he gave me Venus.
That evening over Christmas dinner, we all discussed outer space. Dad taught us a lot.
Betelgeuse was a red star, hundreds of times bigger than the Sun. It had burned brightly
for millions of years. "Rigel was a blue star, smaller than Betelgeuse," Dad said, "but even
brighter."
"So, " Dad said, "when the Sun starts to burn out and the Earth turns cold, everyone
might want to move to Venus to get warm. And they'll have to get permission (许可) from you
first."
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We laughed about all the kids, who believed in the Santa and got nothing for Christmas
but some cheap toys.
"Years from now, when all the toys they got are broken and long forgotten, " Dad said,
"you'll still have your stars."
How lucky we are to have a dad with wisdom (智慧)!
2021 江苏无锡
( ) 1. Which is the best word for
?
A. found
B. picked
C. bought
D. accepted
( ) 2. We know from the story that Dad is
.
A. poor but wise
B. interesting but impatient
C. humorous but lazy
D. hard-working but bored
( ) 3. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A. It was useless for kids to have the cheap toys.
B. The kids were funny to believe in Santa Claus.
C. Dad and his kids had fun when talking about their favourite stars.
D. People should get permission from Jeannette before moving to Venus.
( ) 4. What's the best title (标题) of the passage?
A. Dad's Love.
B. The Planet Venus.
C. A Special Night.
D. Special Christmas Gifts.
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
92
本讲知识总结
I. 形容词副词比较级最高级精讲精练
考点1：形副变化规则
规则变化：直去双改多
不规则变化：哥俩好、三坏蛋、两个多、一个少、老对长、远对深
考点2：原级比较句型
肯定：A + 谓语+ as…as + B
否定：A + 谓语+ not so/as…as + B
考点3：比较级句型
1. 比较级+ and + 比较级
2. the + 比较级，the + 比较级
3. 比较级+ than any other
考点4：最高级句型
1. one of + 最高级+ n. (复)
2. the + 序数词+ 最高级
考点5：倍数表达法
1. 倍数+ "as…as"…
2. 倍数+ 比较级+ than…
3. 倍数+ the + 名词( size, height, length 等)
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
93
Ⅱ. 阅读核心词汇精练
【易错】
【固定搭配】
1⃝compete with sb.
2⃝pretend to do sth.
【近义辨析】
room 指空间，location 指所在位置
Ⅲ. 家人和亲友话题阅读精练
考点：推理判断
【做题步骤】
划-定-排
【方法点拨】
根据错误选项特征，排除错项：信息错误、无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全、过度推理、直
接重复原文等
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LECTURE 3
Lecture3
Part One
地道阅读
学习精读文章
(Dangerous Junk)
学习阅读技能：约数与确数
学习9 个认知词汇+7 个核心
词汇
Part Two
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
96
模块1
Part One
地道阅读
Reading
Part One
I. DEFINITIONS
Look at the photo and read the caption. Match each word in
bold with its definition.
1. ________________: to move around a much larger object, especially
a planet, star, etc. in a continuous, curving path.
2. ________________: pieces of wood, metal, brick, etc. that are left after sth. has been
destroyed
3. ________________: an electronic device that is sent into space and moves around
the earth or another planet.
II. DISCUSSION
What do you think the best way is to deal with space junk?
BEFORE YOU READ
Thousands of dead
satellites are currently
orbiting Earth, as well
as tens of thousands
of fragments of space
debris.
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A On Nov 16, seven astronauts on the
International Space Station (ISS) woke
up to an alarm. A Russian missile test
had just blasted
1 a satellite into more
than 1,500 pieces of space debris.
Some got very close to the ISS.
B NASA says space debris like this can
travel at more than 28,000 km/h. That's
much faster than a bullet
2 (about 3,500
km/h). Even a pea-sized piece of debris
could "wipe out" a space station or kill
an astronaut if he or she is doing a
spacewalk, says Live Science.
C Since the 1950s, humans have sent
thousands of rockets and satellites
into space. Many are still there, and
we now face an ever-increasing risk
of space junk.
D In 2006, for example, National Geographic
reported that a tiny piece of space junk
hit the ISS, taking a chip out of a window.
In June of this year, a piece of debris ran
into one of the station's robotic arms and
left a hole.
E Scientists are trying different ways to
deal with the problem. One way is to
use a huge net.
F In 2018, the UK's Surrey Space Center
caught some space junk with a net in
an experiment. It first found the debris,
and then collected it with a net and a
harpoon
3.
G Another solution is to use robotic arms.
ClearSpace 1, the European Space
Agency's mission to clean space junk,
is going to be sent into space in 2025.
It will use robotic arms to catch debris.
The mission plans to throw the debris
into Earth's atmosphere, where it will
burn up as it falls because of intense
friction.
1 If something is blasted into a particular place or state,
an explosion causes it to be in that place or state.
2 A bullet is a small piece of metal with a pointed or
rounded end, which is fired out of a gun.
3 A harpoon is a long pointed weapon with a long
rope attached to it, which is fired or thrown by
people hunting whales or large sea fish.
Junk
Dangerous
The ISS has to carry out collision avoidance manoeuvres
to avoid getting damaged by space junk.
初二| 英语| 目标S 班
97
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98
( ) 1. The blast of the Russian satellite mainly shows us ________.
A. what dangers the ISS is facing
B. why space debris is hard to clean
C. where space debris can come from
D. why space experiments are exciting
( ) 2. According to NASA, space debris moves ______ as fast as a
bullet.
A. six times
B. seven times
C. eight times
D. nine times
( ) 3. According to Paragraph B, what happens to a space station
if it gets "wiped out"?
A. It gets broken.
B. It gets cleaned.
C. It gets rebuilt.
D. It gets old.
( ) 4. What can we infer from Paragraph C and D?
A. The danger astronauts face is beyond our imaginations.
B. There is nothing we can do to deal with space debris.
C. More and more missions are failing because of space debris.
D. Old rockets and satellites are turning into junk.
( ) 5. According to the story, the best way(s) to deal with space
debris is_______.
a. collecting it with nets and harpoons
b. throwing it away into the galaxy
c. throwing it into Earth's atmosphere to burn up
d. throwing it into the sun to burn up
A. ab
B. ac
C. abc
D. bcd
READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
Purpose
Detail
Vocabulary
Inference
Detail
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
99
Identifying Exact & Approximate Numbers
Writers may use exact numbers (e.g., at noon, a hundred years ago, 49 percent) in a
text if they are sure of the facts or if it is important to give a specific figure; they may
also use approximate numbers (e.g.,about 3,500 km/h, almost a hundred years ago,
more than 1,500 pieces) if they aren’t sure or if it is better to provide a larger range.
These words indicate an approximate number: about, around, approximately, nearly,
almost, (just) under, (just) over, circa, and ... or so.
I. IDENTIFYING
A. Read the following text. Circle the exact numbers. Underline the approximate
numbers.
Only 200 or so meteorites from Mars have been found on Earth. One Martian
meteorite
1 was found in the Sahara Desert in 2011. Nicknamed "Black Beauty," the
baseball-sized meteorite weighs just over 300 grams. At around 2.1 billion years old,
it is the second-oldest Martian meteorite ever discovered on Earth.
After over a year of study, scientists found that Black Beauty contains approximately
10 times more water than other Martian meteorites. Scientists say this shows that
Mars was warmer and wetter in the past than previously believed.
1. A meteorite is a large piece of rock or metal from space that has landed on Earth.
II. SHORT ANSWER
B. Answer these questions about Reading A.
1. What's the weight of "Black Beauty"?
____________________________________________________________________
2. How old is the Martian meteorite?
____________________________________________________________________
3. How many times more water does "Black Beauty" contain than other Martian
meteorites?
____________________________________________________________________
READING SKILL
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100
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
101
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102
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103
WORDS IN CONTEXT A. Complete each sentence with the correct answer.
1. When you wake or when someone or something wakes you,
you become _______ again.
A. conscious B. asleep
2. If there is a risk of something unpleasant, there is a possibility
that __________.
A. it won't happen B. it will happen
3. If you run into problems or difficulties, you _________ begin to
experience them.
A.expectedly B. unexpectedly
4. If something alarms you, it makes you feel _________.
A.afraid or anxious B. excited
COMPLETION B. Complete the sentences using words from the box.
1. This workout helps you to _________ fat and tone muscles.
2. Samples were _________ from over 200 patients.
3. She was _________ at the prospect of travelling alone.
4. We don't want to run the _________ of losing their business.
5. I' m used to _________ matters of this sort.
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
collected dealing with risk burn off alarmed
初二| 英语| 目标S 班
103
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104
模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
Choose the best answer. (8' X 5 = 40')
( ) 1. — Is your father
or asleep?
— He is asleep. But we must
him up, or he'll miss the meeting.
A. awake; wake
B. awake; awake
C. wake; wake
D. wake; awake
( ) 2. If you don't mind
, you're sure to succeed one day.
A. take risks
B. have risk
C. taking risks
D. having risk
( ) 3. Jimmy can't buy any new books because he has
his money.
A. worked out
B. run out of
C. run out
D. came out
( ) 4. — Would you please tell me what to
these old magazines and books?
— Sorry, I really don't know how to
them.
A. deal with; do with
B. do with; do with
C. do with; deal with
D. deal with; deal with
( ) 5. Taking some exercise every day will
fat and make you fit.
A. turn to
B. sell out
C. burn off
D. put on
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
105
II. Reading (15' X 4 = 60')
Kids need to spend time using electronic devices.
Do you love to surf the Internet, listen to music, Wechat, and talk on a cell phone?
If yes, you won't be alone. A recent study has some surprising news: Kids in the United
States between the ages of 8 and 19 spend seven and a half hours a day on electronic
devices. These include computers, smart phones, and video games. Some adults try to
advance the idea that these devices waste kids' time. However, some research surveys
say this idea is wrong. In fact, the data show that technology can be helpful to kids.
Critics say that kids stare at computers and TVs all day and do not get enough
exercises.
One study by the National Institutes of Health says that action video games may
help increase kids' visual attention. In addition, using interactive media can give kids
good structure for learning. It can also help them learn to switch tasks effectively. Kids
also need to use the Web to get information. Many argue that learning to use the Web
responsibly sharpens kids' reasoning abilities.
Today's world is wired, and not just for fun. The jobs of the future depend on kids
who are in!
An alarming report states that young people spend an hour more per day on
computers, smart phones, television, and other electronic media than they did 5 years.
Nearly 7 out of 10 kids have cell phones. Just 5 years ago, 4 out of 10 had them. Are
these devices harmless or hurtful to the well-being of young people? A close analysis of
several studies shows that there are plenty of disadvantages of these devices.
The Internet is supposed to be a great tool for learning. Do kids who love computers
do better in the classroom? According to one report, getting electronic devices does not
automatically bring high marks in school.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
106
( ) 1. Why are some adults in Para 2 against the electronic devices?
A. Because they think electronic devices hurt their family relationship.
B. Because they think electronic devices are bad for kids' health.
C. Because they think electronic devices waste their valuable money.
D. Because they think electronic devices waste kids' valuable time.
( ) 2. How many advantages of using electronic devices are mentioned in Para 4?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
( ) 3. Which sentence is suitable to fill in the
line?
A. Electronic media is also great for young people.
B. Electronic media is harming kids.
C. Electronic media doesn't matter our life.
D. Electronic media is influencing our kids.
( ) 4. Which is the best title for this passage?
A. Try to use electronic devices less.
B. Kids should use electronic devices freely.
C. Are electronic devices good for kids?
D. Can kids use electronic devices responsibly?
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
107
易错难点精选习题课
本讲知识考点概览
I. 词汇演练：
1. 两组易混词辨析:
(1) wake & awake
(2) deal with & do with
2. 两组固定搭配：
(1) at the risk of…
take / run the risk of…
(2) run after
run out (of sth.)
run away
3. 词性转换：
alarm & alarmed & alarming
4. 知识拓展：
“熬夜”的不同说法：
stay up / sit up / pull an all-nighter / night owl
II. 社会类话题阅读“指代题”技巧演练
精选题目方法提炼
I. 词汇精练：
Step 1. 找搭配/主干
Step 2. 判词形/成分
Step 3. 选（填）答案
II. 话题阅读技巧演练：
“指代题”: 搜-代-比
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
108
精选题目精练
I. Multiple Choice
( ) 1. — Final exams are making many students burn the midnight oil.
— That's true, but it has a bad effect on their health to
late.
A. wake up
B. grow up
C. put up
D. stay up
江苏苏州
( ) 2. The lion pretended to be sleeping, but in fact it was
. It was
up by
the noise from the mice.
A. awake; waken
B. waken; waking
C. awake; woken
D. woken; waking
广东深圳期末
( ) 3. Please don't take any
. Climbing the wall is dangerous.
A. difficulties
B. risks
C. exercise
四川成都期末
( ) 4. I don't know how to
this problem and what to
that problem.
A. deal with; deal with
B. do with; do with
C. deal with; do with
D. do with; deal with
2020 陕西西安
( ) 5. We've
sugar. Please buy some more on your way home.
A. run after
B. run away
C. run out
D. run out of
2020 上海期末
N O
T
E
S
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
109
II. Sentence Completion
1. He was
(alarm) to discover that his car was gone.
2019 四川成都
2. The rainforests are disappearing at an
(alarm) rate.
3. Shanghai Museum has a large
(collect) of works of art from home and abroad.
2021 上海
N O
T
E
S
III. Reading
A 篇
Some people around the world like risky activities. Some like skiing down mountains.
Others enjoy climbing huge rocks or photographing dangerous animals. Why do people
enjoy risky activities like these?
Some people take risks simply because it makes them feel good. Psychologist Marvin
says that this kind of explorers are always looking for change and excitement. When people
do something new or risky, a chemical (化学物质) in the brain creates a pleasant feeling.
They love this feeling and want to experience it as often as possible.
Other people don't take risks for the feeling of excitement but to achieve a goal. For
example, Mike Fay went on a dangerous 2,000-mile special journey in Central Africa. He
worked to help save the wildlife there. Fay's expeditions helped create 13 national parks.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
110
For other people, such as extreme athletes, taking risks is part of their job. Sports
psychologist Shane says extreme athletes see the world differently. In a dangerous activity,
most people probably do not feel in control. Extreme athletes are different: they feel in control
in dangerous situations. The danger can even help them. For example, skier Daron Rahlves
says that being afraid makes him try harder to succeed.
Most of us are not extreme athletes or explorers. However, we ordinary people still take
risks in our lives. Some of us take social risks, such as speaking in front of a large group
of people. Sometimes, we take financial risks, such as buying a house. And sometimes we
take career risks, such as leaving a job or starting a business. Most people take risks in
some areas of life, but not in others. What kind of risk-taker are you?
2021 北京海淀期中
( ) 1. What does the underlined words "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The brain.
B. Something new.
C. A chemical.
D. A pleasant feeling.
( ) 2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Mike Fay went on a dangerous journey in America to save the wild life.
B. Most people don't take risks in their daily lives.
C. Ordinary people also take risks in their lives.
D. Sports psychologist Shane takes risks mainly for change and excitement.
( ) 3. We can learn from the passage that
.
A. We should take risks because it makes us feel good
B. We should take risks to achieve a goal
C. Taking risks in sports is very important
D. Taking risks is sometimes a part of life
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
111
B 篇
Young people in China are more optimistic (乐观的) than those in other countries, according
to a survey. It asked 200,000 young people in 20 countries how they think and feel about
the world. These countries include China, the US, the UK and so on. The survey found that
53 percent of Chinese youth think the world is becoming a better place.
When asked why they felt hopeful for the future, most of them think it's because of high
technology (科技), many of them also think China is a good place to live in. The biggest
reason is that China is "a country in which anyone can make their dreams come true if they
work hard".
Following China, Indian youth are the next most optimistic (49 percent). But those in
France, Italy and Turkey are the most pessimistic. The rise of global terrorism (恐怖主义)
worries them most.
. As much as 82 percent of them worry about climate change (气候变化). In China,
it is the biggest worry for the future. The survey takes this as a good thing. Because Chinese
youth care a lot about the climate problem and expect for great changes.
2021 浙江期末
( ) 1. The survey is about young people's
about the world.
A. worries
B. opinions
C. love
D. hope
( ) 2. The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to "
".
A. 20 countries
B. 82 percent of Chinese youth questioned
C. 200,000 young people questioned
D. 53 percent of Chinese youth questioned
( ) 3. According to the survey, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Young people in China are the most optimistic.
B. Young people in France feel hopeful for their country.
C. Young people in Italy worry a lot about climate change.
D. Young people in India worry about the global terrorism most.
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
112
( ) 4. Which of the following is the best for "
" in the last paragraph?
A. It also worries young people all over the world
B. So young people in France worry about global terrorism
C. However, Chinese young people seem to worry about something else
D. The survey also found Chinese young people care about the world most
N O
T
E
S
本讲知识总结
I. 词汇演练：
1. 两组易混词辨析:
(1) wake & awake
wake
v. 醒；醒来；唤醒；弄醒
awake
adj. 醒着
(2) deal with & do with
deal with 习惯上与how 搭配；而do with 习惯上与what 搭配
2. 两组固定搭配：
(1) at the risk of… （用以引出可能听上去愚蠢或冒犯人的话）冒着……的风险
take / run the risk of… 冒着……危险；担着……的风险
(2) run after 追逐；追赶；追求
run out (of sth.) 用完；耗尽
run across 偶然遇到
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
113
3. 词性转换：
alarm & alarmed& alarming
4. 知识拓展：
“熬夜”的不同说法：
stay up 晚睡; 熬夜
sit up 晚睡; 熬夜
pull an all-nighter“开夜车”，指通宵学习或工作
night owl 夜猫子
II. 社会类话题阅读“指代题”技巧演练：
Step 1. 搜：向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子
Step 2. 代：将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。
Step 3. 比：将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。
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初二| 英语| 目标S 班
115
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大数据易错题·练习1
一、单项选择（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）
( ) 1.
— Did you buy
for your best friend Anna from Hong Kong?
— Yes, mum. I bought her a nice scarf as her birthday present.
A. something special
B. special anything
C. anything special
( ) 2.
Most people think the best way
is having good living habits.
A. to keep health
B. keep healthy
C. to keep healthy
( ) 3.
James usually
to school by bicycle, but because of the bad weather he
the bus this morning.
A. goes; take
B. went; takes
C. goes; took
( ) 4.
That old man saved a little boy out of the Xiangjiang river.
brave man he
is!
A. How
B. What
C. What a
( ) 5.
— There is
milk left in the refrigerator. Let's go and buy some.
— Wait a minute. Let me check if there is anything else we need to buy.
A. a little
B. little
C. quite a little
( ) 6.
— I want to know where the park is.
—
buy a map?
A. How about
B. You should
C. Let's
D. Why don't you
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( ) 7.
Could you please speak a little more
? I can't follow you.
A. quietly
B. quickly
C. slowly
D. loudly
( ) 8.
Language Doctor advises Li Hao
English films with his friends.
A. talk about
B. talking about
C. to talk about
D. talks about
( ) 9.
The news is very important. You should
on the paper.
A. write it down
B. write them down
C. put it down
D. put them down
( ) 10.
in the sea is very interesting, but we should pay attention to the safety.
A. Swim
B. Swimming
C. Swam
D. Swims
二、完形填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）
Once a small boy lived on a farm which seemed so far away from everywhere.
He needed to 11 before sunrise every morning to help his father on the farm.
During sunrise he would take a break and climb up on the fence (栅栏) along the side of the
farm. He could see a house with 12 windows. "If they could buy golden windows,
then there must be 13 nice things inside the house." He thought how 14 it
would be to live there. Then he told himself, "Some day I will go there and see this wonderful
place."
One morning, his father would go to the town and told him to stay at home for 15 .
Knowing that this was his chance (机会) , he took a sandwich and headed across the field
toward the house with the golden windows.
As the afternoon went on, he began to realize how 16 he was. The house was
much 17 than he had thought. As he went near the house, he saw 18
golden windows but instead a place in bad need of painting. A small girl very close to his age
came out of the poor house and stood by the broken fence. He asked her if she had seen the
house with the golden windows.
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The girl said, "Sure, I know." and invited him to sit on the porch (门廊) . As he sat there,
he 19 back from where he just came. There he saw the 20 turned the
windows of his house to gold. Now he understood that everyone had his own house with
golden windows.
( ) 11. A. get up
B. make breakfast C. do exercise
( ) 12. A. red
B. brown
C. golden
( ) 13. A. another
B. other
C. the other
( ) 14. A. bad
B. great
C. nervous
( ) 15. A. a rest
B. a test
C. some reading
( ) 16. A. clever
B. wrong
C. fast
( ) 17. A. closer
B. more beautiful
C. farther (更远的)
( ) 18. A. no
B. some
C. a few
( ) 19. A. walked
B. climbed
C. looked
( ) 20. A. sunrise
B. sunset
C. moon
三、阅读理解（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）
A 篇
One of the most popular types of fishing in Scandinavia, Russia and Germany is ice
fishing. It's also a popular sport in Canada and the United States. People can even go ice
fishing all year round in Alaska. The sport was brought to America by Swedish, Norwegian
and Finnish settlers (移民) who came to Minnesota, a state where people are interested in this
sport. Ice fishing was introduced to Canada from Minnesota, and from there to Alaska.
Ice fishing requires people to catch fish with lines, hooks (钩子) and other tools through
a hole in a frozen lake. They can sit in a warm cabin on the ice over the hole, or stand in the
freezing open air.
Of all the types of fishing, ice fishing may require the least effort and skill just patience and
luck. Followers of this sport won't be afraid of staying on ice even at very low temperatures.
It's not for everyone. People in warm countries have no chance to fish this way, while many
people in the north take ice fishing very seriously, and they even have ice fishing competitions.
The winners can receive good prizes. At the very least, ice fishing can be a fun way to break
up those cold, dull winter days, and get a taste of the open air.
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( ) 21. In Alaska, people can go ice fishing
.
A. only in winter
B. after they built a cabin
C. at any time of the year
D. when there is a competition
( ) 22. People from
brought ice fishing to Canada.
A. Russia
B. Alaska
C. Germany
D. Minnesota
( ) 23. If you want to go ice fishing, you must
.
A. have your own cabin
B. practice for a long time
C. be patient and healthy
D. be skillful at fishing
( ) 24. What is the advantage of ice fishing, according to the passage?
A. Standing on the ice is a healthy way of exercise.
B. People can go ice fishing in any part of the world.
C. People can get good prizes.
D. People can have fun and enjoy the open air.
( ) 25. What is the best title for the passage?
A. A Popular Sport
B. Go Ice Fishing
C. Types of Fishing
D. Stay on Ice
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B 篇
Online eating shows or Mukbang, comes from South Korea, is well-known all over the
world.
Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat lots of food. But these
shows have also received criticism (批评) for their waste (浪费) of food. While some hosts can
eat so much food, but some maybe fake it. They show eating a lot of food in front of camera,
but actually later threw it away.
To stop it, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili,
have stopped showing videos about food waste, and promoted (宣传) messages to "stop food
waste and eat reasonably." In June 2020, the United Nations warned that the world is facing
the worst food shortage in 50 years. About a third of the world's food 1.3 billion tons is wasted
every year. In China alone, 50 million tons of food becomes rubbish every year, according to
Beijing News.
Recently, campaigns (活动) against food waste have been further promoted. In August,
President Xi Jinping stressed the need for having safe food and stopping food waste. According
to China Daily, a large number of restaurants have taken actions to control food waste. In
Wuhan, restaurants ask customers to take the "N-1 mode". For example, a group of 10 diners
should only order enough for nine people at first. More food is only brought to the table if they
really need it.
In addition, a nationwide "Clean Your Plate" campaign has been started online. Users of
Weibo are encouraged to share photos or videos of empty plates after finishing their meals.
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( ) 26. Hosts are welcomed by people because
.
A. they are too hungry
B. they can eat very special food
C. they can eat quite a lot of food
( ) 27. The underlined word "fake" in the second paragraph means
.
A. 坚持
B. 伪造
C. 赞扬
( ) 28. We can NOT find the videos about
from the video and livestreaming
platforms now.
A. food waste
B. unusual abilities C. "Clean Your Plate"
( ) 29. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. 10 people can only order food for 9 in restaurants in China.
B. People must take photos or videos to show their empty plates in Weibo.
C. Many people around the world may not have enough food according to the UN.
( ) 30. The passage calls on people to
.
A. eat less and do more
B. eat more healthy food
C. put an end to food waste
四、补全对话（本大题共5 小题，每小题4 分，共20 分）
A: How was the volleyball game yesterday?
B: Great! 31
A: It must be very interesting. 32
B: Oh, no. But we didn't feel sorry. We had little time to practice before the game. 33
A: How about the winner?
B: 34 We learned a lot from them.
A: And maybe you need more time to practice.
B: I think so. 35
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A. They are really better at volleyball than us.
B. Did you win?
C. Everyone had a fun time.
D. They do worse than us.
E. We only practiced playing it once a week.
F. I'm sure we'll be the best volleyball team next time.
G. It's so boring.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
五、阅读表达（本大题共5 小题，每小题4 分，共20 分）
Children in England will no longer be able to buy energy drinks. The UK government
has made plans to ban (禁止) the sale of energy drinks to kids. It is now asking for public
suggestions as to what age the ban should start at(16 or 18). An energy drink is a type of drink
with stimulant (兴奋剂) , such as caffeine (咖啡因) . Red Bull is one of the most famous energy
drinks. The makers of these drinks say that they can give you energy when you feel tired.
However, these drinks have very high levels of sugar and caffeine. Energy drinks have
65 percent more sugar than normal soft drinks. This may explain why obesity (肥胖) rates
have risen among children.
Too much caffeine can lead to health problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness.
A 250 ml can of Red Bull contains about 80 mg of caffeine, three times the level of a can of
Coca-Cola. In the UK, more than two-thirds of 10 to 17-year-olds buy energy drinks, according
to government data. "Childhood obesity is one of the greatest health challenges this country
faces. We must do all we can do to make sure children have the best start in life, " UK Prime
Minister said in a statement.
The ban would be used in drinks with more than 150 mg of caffeine per liter. Under the
ban, shops in England that sell the drinks to children would face fines of at most £2, 500 (22,
070 yuan) .
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36.
What is in the energy drinks?
37.
Can a 15-year-old boy buy Red Bull according to the ban?
38.
Why do people like to have energy drinks?
39.
How much will the shops pay if they sell the energy drinks to children?
40.
What do you think of the ban in the UK?
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大数据易错题·练习2
一、单项选择（本大题共15 小题，每小题2 分，共30 分）
( ) 1.
he loses everything in the wildfires,
he still has his life.
A. Because; /
B. Although; but
C. /; but
( ) 2.
Nowadays, parents spend
time on their phones so that they
care for
their kids.
A. too much; always
B. too much; hardly
C. much too; hardly
( ) 3.
— James couldn't understand the answer
the question. Could you go and
help him?
— Sure. You can tell him to meet me at the gate
our school.
A. to; of
B. of; to
C. of; of
( ) 4.
— Wow! When did you come in? I didn't hear any sound just now.
— That's good. I tried
any noise, for you were sleeping.
A. to make
B. making
C. not to make
( ) 5.
— The movie Hua Mulan was so boring that I almost fell asleep in the movie
theater.
—
.
A. Me too
B. Pretty good
C. It doesn't matter
( ) 6.
Rose's handwriting is better than
.
A. anyone else
B. anyone's else
C. anyone's
D. anyone else's
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( ) 7.
Bob,
TV on weekdays.
A. not try to watch
B. try not to watch
C. don't try watch
D. try to not watch
( ) 8.
Many students ask for advice about
their English.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. improved
( ) 9.
some advice about how to learn English.
A. Here's
B. Here are
C. Here's a
D. Here's an
( ) 10. — Which do young people prefer, music or sports?
— Both. Music is
sports.
A. as popular as
B. not so popular as
C. more popular than
D. less popular than
( ) 11. Houston is
the south coast of the US.
A. on
B. in
C. of
D. at
( ) 12. Cambridge is a small city in the east of England
100, 000 people.
A. to
B. without
C. with
D. for
( ) 13. — How long is the table?
— It's
.
A. two meters long
B. two meter long
C. two-meters long
D. two meter long's
( ) 14. The world's population is growing
and there is
land and water
for growing rice.
A. more; less
B. larger; fewer
C. larger; less
D. more; fewer
( ) 15. China is larger than
in Africa.
A. the other countries
B. any country
C. any of the other countries
D. any other country
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二、完形填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）
How can we pass a test successfully?
A good way to pass a 16 is to work hard every day. You can't pass the test if
you 17 work hard before the test.
If you are 18 ready for an English test, try to 19 the words first. You
can read the words 20 and practice more. If you are getting ready for a maths test,
do more exercises.
Before you start a test, read the questions 21 . Try to know the meaning of the
22 before you start to answer them. Before you hand in the test paper, check all the
23 carefully again.
Another important thing is confidence (信心) . You should think that you 24 do
well in the test. Only you can 25 yourself in your test.
( ) 16. A. festival
B. class
C. game
D. test
( ) 17. A. always
B. only
C. usually
D. often
( ) 18. A. getting
B. making
C. doing
D. reading
( ) 19. A. revise
B. have
C. leave
D. clean
( ) 20. A. much
B. less
C. more
D. little
( ) 21. A. loudly
B. quickly
C. carefully
D. clearly
( ) 22. A. texts
B. questions
C. passages
D. stories
( ) 23. A. answers
B. words
C. tests
D. titles
( ) 24. A. try
B. make
C. can
D. let
( ) 25. A. hurt
B. enjoy
C. bring
D. help
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三、阅读理解（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）
A 篇
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( ) 26. Nick has a vacation for 2 days. He can go
.
A. hiking in the mountain
B. fishing in the park
C. swimming in the lake
D. walking in the valley
( ) 27. Mr. and Mrs. King want to stay in Luoji Mountain with their seven-year-old son
and eleven-year-old daughter. They need to pay
for the trip.
A. ＄240.
B. ＄300
C. ＄360
D. ＄500
( ) 28. Lily likes the animals which can only be seen at night. Which of the following
is her best choice?
A. Trip 1.
B. Trip 2.
C. Trip 3.
D. Trip 4.
( ) 29. You'd better take
for the sightseeing in Trip 2.
A. a sun hat
B. a digital camera
C. warm clothes
D. strong shoes
( ) 30. You should call
if you want to enjoy the sunshine in one of the trips.
A. 3497432
B. 3497243
C. 3597543
D. 3598432
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B 篇
The Forbidden City, also known as the Palace Museum, in Beijing was the Chinese
Imperial Palace during the mid-Ming and the Qing Dynasties. It is the world's largest palace
complex and surrounded (环绕) by a six-meter-deep river and a ten-meter-high wall. The
Forbidden City includes five halls, seventeen palaces and numerous other buildings.
Though the Forbidden City was closed to the public for a while because of the COVID-19,
it is still one of the "must-sees" for any visitors in China. Once the area of emperors and the
royal court (皇家庭院) , the Forbidden City celebrates its 600th birthday this year. Built in 1420,
the palace recorded lives of important people through quite a few relics (遗物) and documents
(文件) . The museum can provide a large amount of important material for today's historical
research and inspiration (灵感) for literature and entertainment.
Besides showing people history, the Forbidden City is also creative in marketing. Over
the last 10 years, the museum has produced more than 10, 000 cultural goods with the feature
(特征) of the Imperial Palace and its priceless treasures, from fans, notebooks to make-ups.
The most popular products are ones that feature the royal cats. The items are inspired
by the real cats. More than 200 cats are living in the palace where they are being cared for.
These furry guys often walk around and pose to visitors, who can often interact (互动) with
them.
"The most important reason why the Palace Museum has become so popular among
people is that it gets the right balance between keeping history, sharing knowledge, and making
interesting goods, " said Shan Jixiang, former director of the museum.
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( ) 31. In the Forbidden City, people can see
.
A. cats and dogs
B. rivers and walls
C. halls and palaces
( ) 32. From the passage we can know that
.
A. many young people have history classes in the Forbidden City
B. the Palace Museum is still one of the most popular places in China
C. people can only take photos of cats in the Forbidden City instead of touching them
( ) 33. According to the passage, people can NOT buy
as a present about the
Palace Museum.
A. lovely cats
B. cups with the royal cats
C. fans with traditional Chinese paintings
( ) 34. The Forbidden City is still popular with people because
.
A. it has a history of 600 years
B. people can meet lots of cute cats in it
C. it finds a balance in history, knowledge and products
( ) 35. What is the best title for this passage?
A. The Popular Forbidden City
B. Beauty in the Forbidden City
C. History of the Forbidden City
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四、语篇补全（本大题共5 小题，每小题2 分，共10 分）
In sci-fi (科幻) movies, there are sometimes characters who have microchips (微芯片) in
their heads. 36 . US businessman Elon Musk's company Neuralink has developed
a chip and put it into the head of a pig. On Aug 28, Musk did a livestream to show how it works.
The chip is the size of a coin. But don't let its size fool you. The small chip has over 3,
000 electrodes (电极) that can monitor (监测) about 1, 000 neurons (神经元) . It can pick up
signals (信号) in the brain and translate these signals into actions, such as moving an arm or
leg. 37 , according to MSN. In the livestream, while the pig smelled with its nose
around, people could see her brain activities on a large screen.
If this technology is used on humans, it means people might be able to control computers
or other machines with their minds. 38 . They could control artificial limbs (假肢)
with their minds and move around more easily. People could eventually use the technology to
play video games or even drive cars.
39 . The chip can send signals from about 500 neurons in the pig's brain. But
the human brain has 80 billion neurons. Also, it is not entirely safe to implant the chip yet, as
it could harm the brain.
A. This might become reality (现实) very soon
B. Then it sends these signals to nearby computers
C. It seems like an imagination (想象) to the future
D. For now, the main idea is to use it to help disabled people
E. However, there is still a long way to go to make these things happen
36.
37.
38.
39.
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五、语篇翻译（本大题共5 小题，每小题4 分，共20 分）
阅读下面的短文，将划线部分译成英文或中文。
How do you usually spend your free time? Many people choose to watch TV in their
sofas, but not Luo Han, a 9-year-old boy from Changsha, Hunan.
1. 罗涵每天至少要做两个小时的户外运动。His abilities (能力) for outdoors sports is due
to his father. He actively encourages him to enjoy nature but not focus only on learning. After
noticing that Luo Han did not go out for enough exercise after school, his father took him to do
outdoor activities every day. 2. Although he is in primary school, he is good at doing quite a
few sports.
Many people agreed with him. 3. Exercise can make them relaxed and improve the
ability to remember things. Many students feel stressed (压力大的) about schoolwork, so
outdoor activities can help them keep their moods uplifted (振奋的) and improve their learning
efficiency. A parent of a 16-year-old showed her support for the father. "It's more than a way
to relax. It's a training of willpower, " she said.
4. 然而，有一些人也表达了他们的担忧。They think two hours isn't too much for a 9-year-old,
but it might be difficult for middle school students to get this time because they have too much
work to do. Meanwhile, it is also too much for most parents, especially on weekdays. When
parents are off duty, they need to do housework. 5. After finishing homework, most students
want to use the Internet. None of them would think of going outside for exercise. Other parents
are worried about the safety of outdoor activities. Zhang Zhijin has a son in middle school.
"Sometimes, teenagers can do crazy and risky things. We worried about accidents, " she
said.
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40.
罗涵每天至少要做两个小时的户外运动。
41.
Although he is in primary school, he is good at doing quite a few sports.
42.
Exercise can make them relaxed and improve the ability to remember things.
43.
然而，有一些人也表达了他们的担忧。
44.
After finishing homework, most students want to use the Internet.
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大数据易错题·练习3
一、单项选择（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）
( ) 1.
— Don't give up easily after you start to improve yourself.
— Thanks for reminding me. I will keep trying to do everything well.
A. stop trying to do something
B. be encouraged to do something
C. be willing to do something
( ) 2.
— Congratulations! You achieved your dream by working hard.
— Thank you for encouraging me!
A. continued
B. made …come true
C. followed
( ) 3.
— How long can I keep your book?
— For two days. You can return it to me the day after tomorrow.
A. pay it for
B. borrow it from
C. give it back to
( ) 4.
A crowd of people rushed out to see the star shooting across the sky.
A. A few
B. A large group of C. Few
( ) 5.
— What should I wear to Jerry's birthday party?
— In my opinion, wearing ordinary clothes is OK. It's just a small family party.
A. usual
B. special
C. perfect
( ) 6.
— I don't know that you play the violin as well as you play the piano.
— I
the piano, but now I practise playing the violin every day.
A. am used to play
B. am used to playing
C. used to play
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( ) 7.
— Why should we read the text
?
— Because that can help improve our listening and reading skills at the same
time.
A. aloud
B. silently
C. fast
( ) 8.
Maria is good at art. She has a good
of painting and drawing.
A. moment
B. experiment
C. knowledge
( ) 9.
— Sorry, we don't
kids under eight years old to go in by themselves.
— Don't worry. I will be with them.
A. allow
B. let
C. make
( ) 10. — My teacher asked me to use a word to
the two sentences.
— Let me see. You can use the word "when" to join them together.
A. discuss
B. connect
C. understand
二、完形填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题1.5 分，共15 分）
A little boy was trying to move a big wooden box out of his yard. The box was much
11 than the boy. He tried his best to move it, but the box would not move at all.
After 12 for a glass of water, the boy tried to move it once more. This time, he
pushed harder, but he still 13 move the box a bit. He was quite tired and lost heart.
The boy's father was coming home from work around this time. He stopped to watch his
son's 14 efforts. The father didn't help him, 15 instead asked,"Son, have
you tried your best? I mean, are you doing 16 you can?"
" Yes, I am!" the boy cried.
" No," his father said calmly, " you're not. You have not asked me to 17 you."
Asking for help is not a weakness. Many people need help, and 18 the best of
us need help. It is 19 to know when to ask for help and understand why you need
it. Never be afraid to ask others for help when you're in 20 .
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( ) 11. A. smaller
B. lighter
C. bigger
D. heavier
( ) 12. A. pushing
B. moving
C. resting
D. cheering
( ) 13. A. needn't
B. couldn't
C. mustn't
D. can't
( ) 14. A. careless
B. priceless
C. useless
D. sleepless
( ) 15. A. but
B. and
C. so
D. or
( ) 16. A. things
B. everything
C. nothing
D. something
( ) 17. A. hug
B. help
C. protect
D. teach
( ) 18. A. ever
B. only
C. even
D. nearly
( ) 19. A. easy
B. important
C. difficult
D. clear
( ) 20. A. trouble
B. silence
C. surprise
D. help
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三、阅读理解（本大题共15 小题，每小题2 分，共30 分）
A 篇
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( ) 21. On the free movie night, people will
.
A. get free soft drinks
B. watch Frozen II for free
C. enjoy the movie at City Hall
D. bring popcorn themselves
( ) 22. People could most possibly (最可能) buy
at the yard sale.
A. a bike
B. a T-shirt
C. a radio
D. a bookcase
( ) 23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the posters?
A. The yard sale will last about five hours.
B. You can go to the yard sale only if it is sunny.
C. The cat was outside the back garden on Friday afternoon.
D. If you find the lost cat, you can call Alice at 012-948-5481.
B 篇
I grew up in a small town.
At that time, there was a week-long fair every autumn.
Thousands of people from other towns came to sell and buy things. It was the busiest time of
the year.
When "Fairtime" came, my grandma became the most "useful" and busiest person of the
family. Grandma was good at cooking. All her relatives liked the food she cooked. During
"Fairtime", they would come to live in her house and have meals there. Grandma was always
happy to look after them. Year after year, many people moved to big cities. There was no
longer "Fairtime". Grandma became very old and was gradually going blind. We did our best
to make her life as comfortable as possible. However, she didn't look happy. She often sat in
her room for hours, without saying a word.
To attract people to move back, the mayor decided to reopen the fair. One day, when
I came back from school, I saw Grandma wearing her glasses, washing the dishes in the
kitchen. With a big smile on her face, she looked a lot much younger. She told me that her
two nieces would come."They said the food I cooked was very delicious and they want to stay
in my house again," Grandma said happily."They will stay here for one week and we can have
a big party. That must be the busiest week I've had in years."
I suddenly realized that Grandma didn't want to be looked after. She wanted to be "useful,
appreciated and helpful".
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( ) 24. Thousands of people came to the town to at the fair.
A. enjoy Grandma's food
B. sell and buy things
C. learn to cook
D. have a big party
( ) 25. Why was Grandma unhappy?
A. She couldn't cook as well as before.
B. She couldn't see anything at all.
C. She was no longer a "useful" person.
D. No one lived with her and looked after her.
( ) 26. Which is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Grandma liked looking after others better than being looked after.
B. The fair usually lasted for about a week.
C. Grandma was good at cooking.
D. Grandma liked to stay in the room for hours without saying a word.
( ) 27. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Fairtime
B. My "Old" Grandma
C. A Small Town
D. Grandma's Family
C 篇
What do you want to be when you grow up? Would you like to be a scientist or an artist?
If you have siblings, the order in which you were born may have something to do with your
choice of jobs. Family roles based on birth order can affect (影响) people's behavior and shape
their personalities (个性) .
A group of British scientists studied 500 people from 11 different job groups. They found
that older children are more likely to become astronauts and scientists. NASA astronaut Neil
Armstrong and British scientist Stephen Hawking are both the oldest children in their families.
That's probably because parents usually treat older children more strictly than younger children.
The scientists also found that middle children are 30 percent more likely to become CEOs
than their brothers and sisters. The scientists said that this could be because middle children
need to do more to get attention from their parents. This makes them more competitive and
good at working with others. Mark Zuckerberg, the founder of Facebook and Bill Gates, former
CEO of Microsoft, are both middle children.
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Younger children would be the "softest". They get attention by learning to pay attention
to other people's thoughts. This makes them care more about others' feelings. Therefore,
younger children are more likely to become musicians. German musician Johann Sebastian
Bach and Austrian composer (作曲家) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart were both the youngest
children in their families.
The study results also suggested that only younger children are more likely to become
artists. They get full attention from their parents and are freer to develop themselves. This
makes them more creative.
( ) 28. What may affect people's choice of jobs according to the passage?
A. Hobby.
B. Birth order.
C. Behavior.
D. Personality
( ) 29. The underlined word "siblings" in Paragraph I means
.
A. parents and kids
B. sons and daughters
C. brothers and sisters
D. uncles and aunts
( ) 30. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A. Parents always pay full attention to their younger children.
B. Parents treat younger children more strictly than others.
C. Younger children would be more creative and competitive.
D. Younger children do more to get attention from their parents.
( ) 31. How is this passage organized?
A.
B.
C.
D.
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D 篇
It's best to be careful.
Maybe you used to go to the supermarket once a week or twice a week. But now, if you
go into a supermarket, you're going into a war zone (战场) . You must wear a mask, disposable
gloves, and stand six-feet apart from other shoppers.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) advises staying
home and avoiding (避免) crowds. Other experts agree and side with ordering food online.
It would definitely be better than going out. Sanitizing (消毒) your shopping cart, avoiding
touching your face, and bringing disposable gloves at checkout are just a few ways you can
avoid virus (病毒) while shopping. If you're older or you are not in a good health condition,
then you'd better not go to the store.
Sometimes, ordering online may not cut it and you have to brave the store. There's
no evidence (证据) that shows the transmission of the novel coronavirus on food or food
packaging, according to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA advises cleaning
and sanitizing the surfaces is a better way than testing to see if there is the virus.
There's no harm in being a bit more careful, right? You can sanitize on glass or cans,
clean all the surfaces you touch, and always wash your hands. Washing your hands is so
important, in fact, that you can prevent 15 diseases just by washing your hands.
( ) 32. Why does the writer say "if you go into a supermarket, you're going into a war
zone" in Paragraph 2?
A. Because there are usually some fights in some supermarkets.
B. Because the supermarket is a real war zone.
C. Because there are many people in the supermarket.
D. Because when people get into a supermarket, they feel nervous and the feeling
is like going into a war zone.
( ) 33. According to the passage, who had better not go to the store?
A. Mary, a mother of 35.
B. Bob, a man of 30.
C. Lulu, a girl of 15.
D. Tom, a man of 75.
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( ) 34. If you are worried about the virus on food or food packaging, what can you do?
1⃝Clean and sanitize the surface.
2⃝Test to see if there is the virus.
3⃝Throw it.
4⃝Wash your hands before eating.
A. 1⃝2⃝
B. 1⃝4⃝
C. 2⃝3⃝
D. 3⃝4⃝
( ) 35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. You will get infected (感染) if you touch the package of food.
B. Wash everything you touched to avoid getting infected.
C. Hand washing can help avoid many diseases.
D. You can't go out for any reason during the COVID-19 pandemic.
四、六选五（本大题共5 小题，每小题2 分，共10 分）
No matter how old your kids are, you can take steps to improve a healthy diet and
encourage good eating habits. Here are five tips:
36 Family meals are nice for both parents and kids. Children like to guess what
they are going to have and parents get the chance to introduce new foods to children.
37 Kids, especially younger ones, will eat mostly what they can get at home.
That's why it's important to have enough healthy snacks, such as fruit, vegetables, nuts, yogurt
and whole-grain biscuits.
38 The best way for you to encourage healthy eating is to eat well yourself.
Kids will follow the lead of the adults they see every day. By eating fruit and vegetables and
avoiding fast food and sweet drinks, you are sending the right message.
39 Parents might find themselves shouting at children to get them to have
healthy foods in front of them. This in fact can make children dislike what they are asked to
eat. You need to work a bit on different cooking methods.
40 Most kids will enjoy making the decision about food. Talk to them about
making choices and planning a healthy meal. It can help them to make good decisions on
their own about the foods they want to eat.
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A. Family Meals
B. Healthy Snacks
C. Get Kids Included
D. No Shouts About Food
E. Being a Good Example
F. Make Good Decisions About the Foods
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
五、填空型阅读（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
The best woman in the world is my mother. And the 41.
(beautiful) sound in
the world is Mom's voice. Every day when I get back home from school, I see my mother 42.
(cook) in the kitchen. She is tired but happy. I really want to give her a hug.
Mother often says,"Parents don't want anything from their kids. The only thing they hope
is that their kids have 43.
happy life."
My mother is different 44.
my classmates' mothers. When she gave birth to
me, she was 42 years old. When I become a university student, my mother will be 60 years
old.
My mother is in poor health for a long time. Maybe she will never fully recover (痊愈) .
But she still 45.
(work) hard for me every day. I want to help her, but don't know
46.
I can do or where I can start. Each time my mother can't get up from her sick
bed, I feel so afraid that I don't want to go to school. 47.
my mother always says to
me,"You must go to school. I can look after 48.
(my)" . When I hear this, I think if
I am a good son, the only thing I can do is 49.
(give) her a warm hug after school.
Let's give more love and care to our 50.
(mother) and let them know their kids
really love them.
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六、首字母填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）
51.
I like Movie World because you can buy tickets the most c
there.
52.
Who is the w
of the long jump in the school sports meeting?
53.
Jimmy e
to go to Shanghai Disneyland with her friends next month.
54.
I can't s
soap operas. They are boring.
55.
What h
just now? There are a lot of people over there.
56.
Who has a pair of ears more f
than Mickey's?
57.
You have a cold! You should take some m
and drink hot water.
58.
To i
your English, you should practice more.
59.
Lisa, you can write down a w
plan and keep it in mind.
60.
I s
a letter to my pen pal in Canada, but he didn't reply to me.
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七、写作表达（本大题共1 小题，每小题15 分，共15 分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter 是网络孔子学院(Confucius Institute Online) 的学生，
给你发来邮件说最近他对中国古诗产生了兴趣。请你给他回一封邮件。
内容包括：
1. 学古诗的意义；
2. 学古诗的方法；
3. 中国古代著名的诗人；
4. 给予鼓励。
注意：
1. 词数80 左右；内容必须包括所有的要点提示，可适当发挥；
2. 邮件开头和结尾不计入总词数；
3. 语篇完整，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范。
Dear Peter,
I'm glad to know that you're interested in ancient Chinese poetry.
Yours,
Li Hua
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大数据易错题·练习4
一、单项选择（本大题共10 小题，每小题1.5 分，共15 分）
( ) 1.
— You should apologize to her for shouting at her.
— Forgive me, mum. I have already realized that I was wrong.
A. say no
B. say sorry
C. say hello
( ) 2.
— The model plane looks amazing.
— Jack made this model plane all by himself.
A. without hard work
B. with others' help
C. on his own
( ) 3.
— Mom, why can't I play computer games every day?
— Playing computer games is harmful to your eyes.
A. is helpful to
B. is good for
C. is bad for
( ) 4.
— I heard that you disagreed with Lily on the problem.
— Yes, because I don't think her idea is practical.
A. have the same opinion as
B. have different opinions from
C. fight with
( ) 5.
When we arrived at school, we found that we were late for school.
A. got to
B. left
C. left for
( ) 6.
— Where did you buy this set of new
?
— In IKEA. It sells cheap but useful things you can use at home. Look at the
table and chair. They are my favourites.
A. artwork
B. furniture
C. tools
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( ) 7.
A line of people was standing at the bus stop. Later, a bus
around the
corner.
A. dropped
B. appeared
C. got down
( ) 8.
It's ten o'clock. I think my father
on a narrow piece of wood high up in the
clouds now.
A. works
B. is working
C. will work
( ) 9.
The football match was very
yesterday and we were
.
A. exciting; excited
B. excited; exciting
C. exciting; exciting
( ) 10. Their parents are away. No one in the family can
which house to choose.
Who can help them to make up their minds?
A. identify
B. decide
C. imagine
二、完型填空（本大题共15 小题，每小题1 分，共15 分）
Once there was a rich man named Marcus. One day, he was walking in his garden when
he saw a strange 11 with beautiful feathers and a sweet voice in a tree. Marcus
12 went near the tree and caught the bird, because he thought he could 13 it
and get lots of money.
"Don't think about making money through me!" said the bird." 14 will buy me,
because I lose my beauty and sweet voice if I am in a cage." Marcus's hope of making money
was lost. He became angry, and wanted to 15 the bird for the meat.
Then the 16 bird said, "Well, set me free. In return I shall teach you 17
simple but useful rules, which can be good for you."
Marcus didn't believe the bird 18 and he was afraid that the bird would fly away.
However, the bird said it would keep its 19 . Marcus wanted to try. He set the bird
free and it sat on the branch of a tree. It became 20 again.
Marcus said, " Now teach me the rules." "Certainly, " said the bird.
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Then the bird taught Marcus the 21 . The first rule is "Never believe everything
others say." The second rule is "Never be sad about something you don't have." The third rule
is "Never throw away what you have in your hand."
"You silly bird, " shouted Marcus. "These rules are known to everyone. You cheated (欺
骗) 22 .
But the bird said, "Today, you had me in your hand, but you threw me away. You believed
all that I said. And you are sad about not having me. 23 the rules are simple, you
have never followed them. Now have you got the value of the rules? Just sit down and think
24 a minute." With these words, the bird 25 and was away from his sight.
( ) 11. A. cat
B. bird
C. panda
D. monkey
( ) 12. A. seriously
B. freely
C. slowly
D. beautifully
( ) 13. A. eat
B. study
C. draw
D. sell
( ) 14. A. Nobody
B. Somebody
C. Anybody
D. Everybody
( ) 15. A. find
B. mind
C. feel
D. kill
( ) 16. A. busy
B. helpful
C. clever
D. lucky
( ) 17. A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
( ) 18. A. forever
B. later on
C. at first
D. at last
( ) 19. A. words
B. rules
C. money
D. health
( ) 20. A. meaningful
B. beautiful
C. lazy
D. hard-working
( ) 21. A. songs
B. languages
C. rules
D. skills
( ) 22. A. me
B. us
C. him
D. them
( ) 23. A. Because
B. When
C. If
D. Although
( ) 24. A. after
B. for
C. of
D. at
( ) 25. A. woke up
B. fell down
C. flew away
D. went on
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三、阅读理解（本大题共20 小题，每小题1 分，共20 分）
A 篇
February 29th comes up on the calendar only every four years. A year with a February
29th might be good news if you are paid by the day or the week. But it might be bad news if
you were born on a February 29th. You have to wait three years in between birthdays!
American English has an expression for the unusual situation. February 29th is called a
leap day (闰日) . And the year with a February 29th in it is called a leap year. This year, 2020,
is such a year.
As a verb, the word "leap" means to jump, or to move quickly. "Leap" can also be a noun,
meaning a jump, or a sudden move.
In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week. Let me explain. In 2017, the
last day of the year, December 31st, fell on a Sunday. In 2018, it fell on a Monday. In 2019,
it fell on a Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31st will fall on a Thursday. It jumps right over
Wednesday.
The reason for a leap day or a leap year is because our calendar does not follow the
Earth's orbit (轨道) around the sun exactly. Each year, we have a little time left over. So every
four years, we put all that time together into an extra (额外的) day.
Some people choose to marry on February 29th because it is an unusual date. But some
ancient peoples would likely tell couples not to do it. Leap years were believed to be difficult,
and leap days were unlucky. To be honest, these have no scientific basis (依据) .
( ) 26. A 20-year-old person has
birthdays if he/she was born on a February 29th.
A. 20
B. 15
C. 10
D. 5
( ) 27. A leap year means one more
is added in the calendar of the year.
A. month
B. year
C. day
D. week
( ) 28. The last day of 2021 will fall on
according to this article.
A. Saturday
B. Friday
C. Sunday
D. Monday
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( ) 29. Which of the following sentences is not true according to this article?
A. Scientists tell couples not to marry on a leap day.
B. The leap year or leap day comes once every four years.
C. Some ancient peoples believed that leap days were unlucky.
D. We have a little time left each year before a leap year comes.
B 篇
Dear sir,
I have to travel every day from Souk Road to the airport. Two buses travel along the
routes: the No. 49 bus and the No. 16 bus. But by the time the No. 16 bus reaches Souk
Road, it is always full, so I can't get on it. I have to wait for the No. 49 bus because sometimes
there are empty seats in it. The timetable says that there are buses from Souk Road to the
airport every ten minutes. If this is true, why do I have to wait half an hour for a bus nearly
every day?
The rules say that if there are empty seats on a bus, the bus must stop at every stop where
people are waiting. Why do the half-empty buses go straight past me when I am standing at
the bus stop? The rules say that no bus may carry more than 40 seated passengers and 20
standing passengers. Yesterday I was the first to get off the bus when it reached the airport. I
counted the other passengers as they got off. There were 129 people.
It is clear that our bus companies break the rules and think little of their passengers. Can
nothing be done to make your service better?
I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Yours sincerely,
John
( ) 30. This passage is
.
A. a story
B. a talk
C. a letter of thanks
D. a letter of complaint (投诉)
( ) 31. The writer has to take the No. 49 bus because
.
A. it arrives on time
B. it is not always full
C. it travels faster
D. it has fewer seats on it
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( ) 32. The rules say that each bus may carry
passengers at most.
A. twenty
B. forty
C. sixty
D. one hundred and twenty-nine
( ) 33. From the passage we can see that
.
A. the bus service was poor
B. no passengers took their buses
C. no buses except the No.49 bus passed Souk Road
D. the writer was always the first to get on the bus
C 篇
The Golden Gate Bridge is one of the most famous bridges in the world. Its tall frame, two
large towers, and orange color make the bridge easy to recognize (识别) . Yet as the Golden
Gate Bridge was being built, people disagreed about what the bridge should look like.
People were worried that San Francisco's thick fog would make the bridge hard to see.
The U.S. Navy (海军) wanted the bridge to stand out so ships and airplanes would not collide
with it. They wanted the bridge to have wide black and yellow stripes like a bumblebee! Irving
Morrow was one of the bridge designers. He did not like the idea of a striped bridge. Morrow
did not want a plain black or gray bridge either, though. He thought a dark bridge would make
the Golden Gate seem smaller than it was.
When the bridge's parts were delivered to San Francisco, they had an orange color. The
bridge workers were supposed to (应该) paint a new color over the orange. But Morrow was
still unsure of what color that would be. He looked at the orange bridge parts and decided that
the color would be perfect! Morrow thought the orange would stand out well against the ocean
and the sky.
Finally, the difficult decision had been made. A red-orange Golden Gate Bridge was
bright enough for ships and planes to see. The color made the bridge appear grand and tall.
Over the years, fresh paint has been needed. But the color remains the same orange that was
supposed to be painted over many years ago.
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( ) 34. What is the text about?
A. It is about how Irving Morrow became the designer of the Golden Gate Bridge.
B. It is about how Irving Morrow design the frame of the Golden Gate Bridge.
C. It is about how the Golden Gate Bridge got its two towers.
D. It is about how the Golden Gate Bridge got its color.
( ) 35. Based on the 2nd paragraph, what color did the U.S. Navy want to paint the
Golden Gate Bridge?
A. Yellow and black.
B. Black and white.
C. Red-orange.
D. Black and gray.
( ) 36. Based on the 3rd paragraph, why did Irving Morrow think orange would be a
good color for the Golden Gate Bridge?
A. The parts were already orange, so no extra work would be needed.
B. Using orange paint on orange parts would be cheaper.
C. The color would make the bridge stand out from the sky and ocean.
D. With the color, thick fogs won't cover the bridge.
( ) 37. What is the meaning of "collide with" as used in the text?
A. run or hide from
B. be scared by
C. hit or bump into
D. sail under or fly over
D 篇
Whether from news reports or social media articles, you may know that 5G is coming.
5G is the 5th generation (代) network. It is a new network after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G and it can
connect everyone and everything together. 5G networks will cover many cities in China soon.
5G means super-fast data (数据) speed. One can download a two-hour movie in less than 10
seconds, and it is making our lives more and more convenient.
5G will make self-driving cars possible. For safety, self-driving cars need super-fast
data transmission (传输) to communicate with their nearby environment.
5G is just what
makes self-driving cars achieve this. Even airplanes will become "smart" in the near future.
Passengers will be able to use 5G networks in the air to connect to the Internet or place orders
for food and drinks.
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5G will be a big help for students who take online classes. Many people live in poor areas
in the world where there are no schools. But with 5G, this will change. Students all over the
world will be able to see places like the Great Wall without leaving their rooms.
It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. It means caring for
patients from far away.
The facts listed above are only a part of what 5G will make possible and popular. Just as
in the early days of the Internet in the 1990s, few could see how it could change or lie around
the world. The same will surely be true of 5G. With 5G, many things do not seem like dreams
any more. Now let's get ready to say goodbye to 4G and welcome the coming of 5G.
( ) 38. How long may it take to download a two-hour movie with 5G?
A. 15 seconds.
B. 8 seconds.
C. 10 minutes.
D. 2 hours.
( ) 39. From the last paragraph, we can know that
.
A. 4G is no more used in our daily life now
B. the writer is worried about the coming of 5G
C. with 5G, some of our dreams will come true for sure one day
D. in the 1990s, all the people believed that the Internet would change our life
( ) 40. 5G will make the following things more and more popular EXCEPT
.
A. self-driving cars
B. "smart" airplanes
C. online classes
D. hospitals without doctors
( ) 41. About 5G,
is NOT mentioned in the passage.
A. to be used freely
B. super-fast data speed
C. to connect everyone and everything together
D. to make life more convenient than 4G
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E 篇
Hi! What's going on, guys? It's Jake. Welcome back to my channel. Why do Americans
hate wearing masks so much? The number of confirmed cases (确诊病例) of COVID-19 in
the US has rapidly increased but there are still some people who are so stubborn (顽固的) .
No matter how serious COVID-19 is, they're not willing to wear a mask. What's the reason
behind this? In America, there's a stereotype (刻板印象) . Only patients need to wear masks.
Wearing a mask means you have an infectious disease (传染病) . So if you wear masks and
go out, people will stare at you or even be mad at you. They will think: why do you still go out
and infect other people when you are sick? This is so impolite in America. And in Americans'
eyes, actually, if you're sick, you should just stay at home.
Americans think wearing masks means protecting other people, but in Asian cultures,
wearing a mask means you want to protect yourself from others. And in America, you will see
masks only in hospitals and food places because in America, a mask is associated (关联的)
with health care. But in Asia, wearing a mask can even become a fashion style. I think this is
super ironic (具有讽刺意味的) .
Before, my Chinese friends told me that America had COVID-19 and that I had to wear a
mask when I went out, but I said I definitely wouldn't wear a mask unless it became very very
serious because in America, most of the people won't wear a mask unless they're dying. But
now I look back and it's so ironic. Now in America, if people don't wear masks, it's illegal (违
法的) .
Before, the CDC (the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) told us we didn't
need to wear masks, and we followed it. I think it's stupid. I think Americans should change
that stereotype. Wearing the mask can protect yourself and others too. Not only should sick
people wear masks, but everyone else should also be more aware of this situation and treat it
seriously. That's all for today's video. Guys, thank you so much for watching.
( ) 42. According to the passage, what is the speaker doing in the video?
A. Giving a lesson to a group of young kids.
B. Reporting a new accident.
C. Having a personal interview.
D. Giving his personal opinion.
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( ) 43. What does the speaker mainly want to tell us in the video?
A. Why should Americans wear masks at present?
B. Why are Americans willing to wear masks?
C. Why should Americans always follow the advice given by the CDC?
D. How can Americans get enough masks they need?
( ) 44. What stereotype do Americans have?
A. Wearing masks can protect you and others too.
B. Only patients need to wear masks.
C. Wearing masks is a fashion style.
D. Wearing masks may make it hard for you to breathe.
( ) 45. What is the speaker's opinion about wearing masks?
A. In America, wearing masks is against the law.
B. Americans should make that stereotype stronger.
C. Americans should change that stereotype and they should wear masks to fight
against COVID-19.
D. It is wise of Americans not to wear masks because the don't catch COVID-19.
四、句型转换（本大题共5 小题，每小题2 分，共10 分）
46.
I believe that your neighbors can take care of your son while you are away. (同义句
转换)
I believe that your neighbors can
your son while you are
away.
47.
Peter is so short that he can't touch the ceiling. (同义句转换)
Peter is
short
touch the ceiling.
48.
We have made great progress in English. It's amazing. (改为感叹句)
great progress we have made in English!
amazing!
49.
No smoking. (同义句转换)
You're not allowed
here.
50.
It took Mary thirty minutes to tidy up her room yesterday. (同义句转换)
Mary
thirty minutes
up her room yesterday.
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五、语法填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题1.5 分，共15 分）
There was once a small boy who would never get dressed when his parents told him to,
nor would he wear what they wanted him to. He 51.
(prefer) unusual clothes, but
above all, he liked taking his time. His parents were always in a rush, and wanted him to be
much 52.
(quick) , but the boy didn't like this, 53.
he would slow down
even more.
One day, his parents got so 54.
(anger) when he refused to dress that they
told him to go out without any clothes at all. Amused, the boy followed his parents out of the
door. He thought that nobody could do anything to him.
As the boy waited for his parents' car outside his house 55.
nothing on,
56.
local pig farmer came along. The farmer was almost deaf and had very poor
eyesight. Not only that, but also he forgot his glasses that day. When he saw the boy's pink
skin, he thought it was one of his pigs. Shouting and pushing, the farmer forced 57.
(he) into a pig cage.
The boy begged him to stop but the deaf farmer couldn't hear. When the scared boy was
58.
(final) found by his parents, he never again wanted to be mistaken 59.
anything other than a human being. Now he's the first 60.
(get) dressed, and always
looks neat.
六、翻译（本大题共5 小题，每小题2 分，共10 分）
61.
华罗庚对他的孩子们要求严格。
Hua Luogeng was
his children.
62.
植物需要吸收水分来存活。
Plants need to
water to live.
63.
Mike 一直在工作，他想把自己变成一台机器吗？
Mike is working all the time.
Does he want to
himself
a
machine?
64.
当我长大了，我就会赚钱独自生活了。
When I
, I will make money to live on my own.
65.
小孩不许玩水。那太危险了。
The little kids mustn't
water. It is too dangerous.
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七、书面表达（本大题共15 小题，每小题1 分，共15 分）
请根据表格信息，谈一谈Linda 的理想以及是如何为之准备的。
要求：涵盖表格所有信息并适当拓展，词数80 左右。
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大数据易错题·练习5
一、单项选择（共15 题，每题1 分，总分15 分）
( ) 1.
This beautiful island is often full of travelers coming from all over the world.
A. filled with
B. made from
C. bored with
D. close to
( ) 2.
Teenagers are keen on playing games on the internet. Even when they sleep,
games are in their dreams.
A. really like
B. are stressed with
C. hate
D. have problems with
( ) 3.
My dog is ill. He's dying. I'm very
.
A. sad
B. happy
C. tired
D. confused
( ) 4.
A: Can you do gymnastics?
B: Yes, I can
.
A. but not at all
B. but not very well
C. and I'm not good
D. and only a little
( ) 5.
No one can live for very long
water
oxygen.
A. with; and
B. without; or
C. with; or
D. without; and
( ) 6.
I like football! And I do well in it! I
Manchester City. Its footballers are so
great!
A. dislike
B. meet
C. choose
D. support
( ) 7.
It is not easy
the running race in such a short time. You'd better run
.
A. finish; as fast as possible
B. finishing; as quick as possible
C. to finish; as fast as possible
D. to finish; as quick as possible
( ) 8.
— Where's Caroline?
— She's in the park. She
with her friends. They are book lovers!
A. is playing football
B. watches a football match
C. is reading a novel
D. reads a book
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( ) 9.
It's
day of the holiday. Why don't we
someone to play football?
A. first; look for
B. one; looking for
C. the first; looking for
D. the first; look for
( ) 10. There
a cooker and two big fridges in the kitchen. There
also some
vegetables and fruit, too.
A. is; are
B. is; is
C. are; are
D. are; is
( ) 11. Ray needs help from kids, but whatever he says, they find a/an
. Actually,
they don't want to help him.
A. reason
B. excuse
C. tradition
D. idea
( ) 12. Here
our teacher, Maggie. She looks
in her beautiful dress with a
wonderful light blue scarf.
A. comes; gorgeous
B. have; elegant
C. has; amazing
D. goes; old-fashioned
( ) 13. — You have some trainers on the shelf. Can I
?
— Which
? Oh, Yes.
A. try it on; one
B. try them on; ones
C. try it on; ones
D. try them on; one
( ) 14. This baby kangaroo is so good at hopping! He can even hop
ten meters
in one go.
A. less than
B. more
C. over
D. under
( ) 15. In fact, in August several festivals happen in Edinburgh,
a film festival, a
jazz festival, and so on.
A. of course
B. such as
C. because of
D. you mean
二、完形填空（共10 题，每题1 分，总分10 分）
It was Friday. The football game was on Saturday and we were very excited. My brother
was going to be the quarterback (美式足球进攻组织者) for our team. It was the first time he
would be in that 16 . He had been hoping to be the quarterback ever since he joined
the team. He said, "That's the big job. That's the one that makes the big difference."
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My mother said, " 17 , son. That's the big target (攻击目标) , too. You know
the other players want to knock you down. You can get hurt."
"Don't worry, I'm so 18 and I'm fast. Besides, I have great players who will
19 them from coming at me." my brother said.
I couldn't sleep well the whole night.
I worried about my brother.
My mother was
20 — he could get hurt.
The next morning, he 21 early to get to the game. When we got there, it was
about to start. The 22 ran out on the field. My brother looked great. He saw us and
23 .
Then it started. They were playing hard. One player from the other team kept rushing
at him. Then it happened. He knocked my brother down. My brother was screaming (尖叫) .
The coach ran out on the field. He told my brother to 24 some time on the bench.
He was afraid he had been hurt.
My mother ran down to 25 on my brother. But all he did was a smile. "I'm fine.
This is great. I love leading the team."
After that game, my brother plays quarterback every Saturday. But my mother is still
anxious. She can't go to the games. She just waits at home and hopes to see him walking in
smiling.
( ) 16. A. game
B. list
C. show
D. place
( ) 17. A. Go ahead
B. Take it easy
C. Be careful
D. Well done
( ) 18. A. handsome
B. healthy
C. brave
D. strong
( ) 19. A. stop
B. help
C. protect
D. hide
( ) 20. A. right
B. sad
C. angry
D. excited
( ) 21. A. rested
B. exercised
C. left
D. returned
( ) 22. A. family
B. team
C. coach
D. audience
( ) 23. A. laughed
B. nodded
C. greeted
D. cheered
( ) 24. A. take
B. waste
C. save
D. kill
( ) 25. A. call
B. check
C. watch
D. breathe
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三、阅读理解（共10 题，每题2 分，总分20 分）
A 篇
It's that time of year again. People all over the world recently celebrated Halloween.
Children dressed up in costumes (戏剧性的服饰) and went door-to-door for candy. We call it
"trick or treating" and it's one of the most fun parts of the holiday for kids.
But some US cities have rules about who can go trick-or-treating. For example, in the
cities of Meridian, Mississippi and Bishopville, South Carolina, kids above the age of 12 cannot
go trick-or-treating. Why were these rules created? Something that is just for young children.
Others point out that teenagers lose interest in trick-or-treating at a certain age anyway, and
would prefer to go to a party with their friends instead.
I don't quite remember when I stopped trick-or-treating. It was probably when I was in my
early to mid-teens. So I guess these laws wouldn't have bothered (困扰) me. But then again,
I'm not sure if it's "right" to stop older kids from trick-or-treating, especially if they work hard to
put together a creative costume.
And there could be some bad effects as well. Experts say that trick-or-treating has been
welcomed in the US because it helped to cut down on teenage vandalism (破坏公物) in the
past. If kids are busy getting candy, they won't have time to play any tricks.
( ) 26. According to the passage, which city doesn't have rules about who can go
trick-or-treating?
A. Mississippi
B. Meridian
C. Bishopville
D. New York
( ) 27. In the city of Meridian, kids
are not allowed to go trick-or-treating.
A. under 3 years old
B. over 12 years old
C. over 6 years old
D. under 8 years old
( ) 28. People support these rules for the following reasons EXCEPT that
.
A. it's silly for older teens to ask for candy door to door
B. teenagers are not interested in trick-or-treating
C. teenagers prefer to go to a party with their friends
D. Something that is just for young children
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( ) 29. In the US, trick-or-treating has been welcomed because
.
A. it helped to cut down on teenage vandalism
B. it helped candy companies sell more candy
C. kids spent a lot of time thinking about tricks to play
D. kids love to get candy and wear costumes
( ) 30. What's the writer's attitude (态度) towards the new law?
A. He doesn't care about it.
B. He thinks it is right.
C. He thinks it makes people upset.
D. He is not sure whether it is right or not.
B 篇
Everyone has got two personalities (性格) — the one that is shown to the world and
the other that is secret and real. You don't show your secret personality when you're awake
because you can control yourself, but when you're asleep, your sleeping position shows the
real you.
On a normal night, of course, you often change your sleeping positions.
The
important position that best shows your secret personality is the one that you are asleep and
completely don't know what's happening around you.
If you go to sleep on your back, you're a very open person. You normally trust people
and you are easily influenced by new ideas. You don't like to make people unhappy, so you
never express your real feelings. You're quite shy and you aren't very confident.
If you sleep on your stomach, you are a person who likes to keep secrets. You worry a
lot and you're always easily becoming sad. You never want to change your ideas, but you are
satisfied with your life the way it is. You usually live for today not for tomorrow.
If you sleep on curled up (蜷缩) , you are probably a very nervous person. You have a
low opinion of yourself and often protect yourself from being hurt, so you are very defensive.
You're shy and you don't usually like meeting people. You like to be on your own.
If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced (平衡的) personality.
You know your strengths and weaknesses.
You're usually careful.
You have a confident
personality. You sometimes feel worried, but you don't often get unhappy. You always say
what you think, even if it makes people angry.
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( ) 31. You may find the passage in
.
A. a science magazine
B. a guide book
C. a sports newspaper
D. a story book
( ) 32. When does the sleeping position best show your secret personality?
A. In the daytime.
B. At the beginning of sleep.
C. At night.
D. During the deep sleep.
( ) 33. Tina hardly tells her secrets to her friends. She probably goes to sleep
.
A. on curled up
B. on her stomach
C. on her back
D. on her side
( ) 34. Which statement is right according to writer?
A. An open person likes sleeping on his or her side.
B. A confident and careful person always sleep on his or her back.
C. A defensive person only sleep on his or her side.
D. A nervous person may sleep on curled up.
( ) 35. What does the passage tell us?
A. Sleeping on your side is the best way of sleeping.
B. Changing positions will cause sleeping problems.
C. Sleeping positions show people's secret personalities.
D. Enough sleep makes people look better and healthier.
四、单词拼写（共10 题，每题1 分，总分10 分）
36.
I think these children are too young to sit
(自始至终) the whole concert.
37.
Drinking Coke Cola can make you even
(口渴的) after doing sports.
38.
Miss Gao can always come up with
(幽默的) ideas to make her class
lively.
39.
A
(真正的) friend is a person who reaches for your hand and touches
your heart.
40.
Our teacher will go abroad for
(更远) study next term.
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41.
The
(社会的) workers are ready to help people any time.
42.
Yesterday, I heard him
(讨论) the math problem with his teacher in the
office when I was passing by.
43.
A
(讨论) can bridge the communication gap between two countries.
44.
Judy left her homework at home this morning. What's
, Judy failed in
today's English test again.
45.
— Do you know the man of medium
over there?
— He is Sandy's English teacher.
五、改错（共5 题，每题2 分，总分10 分）
46.
Look! The 8-years-old boy is dancing in the heavy rain now.
47.
It is really excited for me to play with the snow in winter with my best friends.
48.
No one can have a good relationship with his parents without communicate with them.
49.
Chinese people usually take 7 days off to enjoy their National Day on October.
50.
Jim and I both play the football in a team. We usually have a nice time together.
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六、首字母填空（共15 题，每题1 分，总分15 分）
Welcome to BBC Take Away English. Today we will go on talking about some special
festivals in Britain. Let's come to the northern part—Scotland—a land of traditions. Here are
three of them. Burns Night. Scottish people use this day to remember a poet n
Robert
Burns.People like playing music happily and r
Burn's poems aloud. They love eating
haggis. The second one goes to Hogmanay. It's on New Year's Eve. People hold parties to
c
it. People also go "first footing" to visit their friends. They will bring a piece of
bread and a piece of c
to their friends.
The last one is Highland Games.
In
summer, you can see men in kilts and socks. You can also find there are lots of women
w
beautiful skirts, scarves and b
. People also enjoy d
to
the music the band plays. There are lots of athletic events too. Don't forget to try "tossing
the caber". Tomorrow we'll introduce Edinburgh Festival. Hope you enjoy our program today.
Next part is America Today. See you!
I'm Kevin. I'm talking to you in London. America Today is going to share two brave
American people with you. The first one is John White, a bus driver. He often goes on a
j
in a boat with his family. However, this year is different, he sails around the world
a
. That's quite cool, right? He can see cute animals and beautiful islands. But
sometimes he meets some p
, such as a bad storm. He thinks he is lucky to be
alive. The nest brave person is Rick Hoyt. In many people's hearts, he isn't the loser of the
triathlon even though he never w
. He can't walk or talk because of cerebral palsy.
But how can he take part in running, c
and swimming? Thanks to his father, Dick
Hoyt. When they run, Dick p
his son in a wheelchair. When they cycle, Rick sits in
a seat in front of his father's bike. When they swim, Rick finishes it by l
in a small
boat and Dick swims and tries to p
the boat. Team Hoyt encourages lots of people
around the world. Do you have any questions about the two brave people? You can leave
them on our websites. John White and Rick Hoyt will answer them online tomorrow. Thank
you for your listening. Goodbye.
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七、选词填空，每词仅可用一次（共10 题，每题1 分，总分10 分）
something
tree
play
us
favorite
many
other
visit
cook
friend
give
final
Hi, everyone and welcome to my new blog.
I'm writing this from our new home on
Cortes Island, Canada. I can't believe we're
here! It's so beautiful and there's
so
to tell you all.
There aren't many people on the island but everyone is very
and helpful. Our
neighbors are Pat and Ellen, and they have a small shop where they sell
! It's very
useful.
Our new house is by the sea—yes, can you imagine! When we get up in the morning, we
can see the beach with lots of fruit
(apples, pears and plums) and there are lots of
flowers too. The beach is in front of the house and the two dogs love
in the water
—and of course the children do as well!
I'm sure you all want to know about the house. Well, here goes. There's a huge living room
and kitchen. We've got some of
furniture from England but we want to buy some
new furniture too. Dan has his old armchair and the children have some of their
things too. Elly has her bed and Mark has an old table for his computer. I think they like
having things from England. I'm happy with new things like the fridge and cooker. They are so
big! It's fantastic, so I'm spending a lot of time
. The house has four bedrooms so
there's one for
, one for us and then the children have one each. There are also
two bathrooms so we have one and the children have the other one—that way no-one gets
annoyed!
Please come and see us soon!
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八、写作（总分10 分）
《青少年报》正在举行" 青春校园" 英语作文竞赛活动。请根据下列提示，以"The Life in My
School" 为题，用英语写一篇90 词左右的短文。要点：
要求：
1．短文必须包括所有要点，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；
2．词数90 左右，文章开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数；
3．文中不能出现真实的姓名、校名等相关信息。
The Life in My School
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大数据易错题·练习6
一、单项选择（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）
( ) 1.
Mary advised that I should buy
iPad for my daughter as a birthday present.
Young people are dreaming of owning
.
A. a; it
B. a; one
C. an; one
D. an; it
( ) 2.
— Do you enjoy skating?
— Yes, skating on
ice is
.
A. really; a great fun
B. really; great fun
C. real; a great fun
D. real; great fun
( ) 3.
Amy had a lovely time
one place after another in Shanghai and she had
much time
the city.
A. to visit; to enjoy
B. visiting; to enjoy
C. to visit; enjoying
D. visiting; enjoying
( ) 4.
Bob swims
than I do, but he doesn't swim
my brother.
A. much well; as well as
B. better; as good as
C. better; so well as
D. better; so good as
( ) 5.
10, 000 is a large amount of money, but it is still
than they need.
A. far less
B. a little more
C. very little
D. more less
( ) 6.
— Is it going to rain tomorrow?
—
.
A. Maybe
B. May be
C. May be not
D. May not
( ) 7.
I like to wear the clothes made of cotton. They cost
than the woolen ones.
And they are easier to wash.
A. far more
B. much cheaper
C. much less
D. a lot fewer
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( ) 8.
The tie and the shirt look nice
him. They
him well.
A. in; fit
B. on; fit
C. in; match
D. on; match
( ) 9.
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of
in Jiangsu.
A. any city
B. all other cities
C. other cities
D. any other city
( ) 10. — How are you going, buddy?
—
. A little busy, though.
A. Not too bad
B. Can't be worse
C. On my own
D. By train
二、完形填空（本大题共10 小题，每小题1 分，共10 分）
Charles Dickens was a famous English author. He said that he could walk down any long
street in London and 11 you the name of every shop he had passed. Many of the
great men of the world have excellent 12 .
A good memory is a great help in learning a language. At school, it is not so easy to learn
a second language, because students have 13 time for it, and they are 14
with other subjects as well.
The best way for most of us to 15 things is to join them in our mind with
something we know already, or something that we easily remember 16 we have
a picture of it in our mind. That is 17 it is better to learn words in sentences rather
than by themselves; or to see, do, or feel what a word means when we first use it.
The human mind is like a camera, but it takes photos not only of what we 18 ,
but of what we feel, hear, smell and taste. When we take a real photo with a camera, there is
much to do 19 the photo is taken and ready to show to our friends. In the same
way, there is much work to be done before we can make a picture remain forever in the
20 .
Memory is a diary that we all carry with us.
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( ) 11. A. speak
B. tell
C. say
D. share
( ) 12. A. knowledge
B. information
C. differences
D. memories
( ) 13. A. few
B. little
C. many
D. much
( ) 14. A. busy
B. easy
C. free
D. safe
( ) 15. A. leave
B. remember
C. forget
D. believe
( ) 16. A. although
B. because
C. but
D. so
( ) 17. A. how
B. what
C. why
D. when
( ) 18. A. look
B. make
C. have
D. see
( ) 19. A. after
B. before
C. when
D. while
( ) 20. A. camera
B. mind
C. diary
D. future
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三、阅读理解（本大题共10 小题，每小题2 分，共20 分）
A 篇
The Information about Some Great Inventions
(生词：light bulb 灯泡；flax 亚麻)
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( ) 21. According to the form above, the invention that happened in 1876 was made of
.
A. plastic and metal
B. glass and mental
C. cotton or flax
D. wood
( ) 22. Thanks to the invention of wheel, people can
.
A. have enough light to read
B. travel faster
C. communicate over distances
D. record more information
( ) 23. Which of the following is true according to the form above?
A. Three of the inventions were made of metal.
B. Alexander Bell and Thomas Edison have different nationalities.
C. Light bulb appeared earlier than Telephone.
D. Two of the inventions appeared in the 19th century.
B 篇
Today more and more high school graduates (毕业生) go to college. Most young people
decide their course of study for themselves. They do not wait for their parents to tell them what
job to choose.
For example, Jack's father practices medicine. Even though he wants his son also to
become a doctor, he doesn't insist that Jack study medicine when he finishes high school. He
believes that Jack must make up his own mind about his courses of study. His wife, on the
other hand, disagrees with him. She thinks that Jack should become a doctor, and so he can
become a partner with his father.
Jack isn't sure what he wants to study in college. One day he feels that he'd like to
become an engineer. However, the next day he thinks that perhaps he should study business
management (管理) . Right now he is studying chemistry, biology, and physics. All of them
will be useful if he finally chooses to study medicine in college. Jack likes his father's attitude,
and is grateful that his father isn't forcing him to become a doctor.
In some countries parents often decide what careers their children will follow—especially
their sons.
Some people think the young are probably going to be successful because they are doing
the things they most want to do in life. Many people, however, disagree with them.
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( ) 24. Today more and more college students
.
A. decide the course of study by their parents
B. decide the course of study by themselves
C. choose medicine as their course of study
D. are not interested in their study
( ) 25. The underlined word "insist" in the second paragraph properly means "
".
A. 花费
B. 坚持
C. 持续
D. 否认
( ) 26. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Jack once wanted to become an engineer.
B. Jack decided to choose business management.
C. Jack is not ready to study medicine in college.
D. Jack has his own right to choose his study course.
( ) 27. What's Jack's mother's opinion on his son's course of study?
A. She thinks Jack should study medicine.
B. She thinks Jack shouldn't become his father's partner.
C. She thinks Jack should study biology.
D. She thinks Jack should study physics.
C 篇
Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. Every day they work
hard to make money for my schooling.
One day, my mother was sewing a quilt. I silently sat down beside her and looked at her.
"Mum, is there love between you and Dad? " I asked her in a very low voice.
With surprise in her eyes, she stopped for a while. Then she said, "Look at this thread,
Susan. Sometimes it appears, but most of it disappears in the quilt. The thread really makes
the quilt strong and durable. If life is a quilt, then love should be a thread. It can hardly be
seen anywhere or anytime, but it's really there. Love is inside."
I couldn't understand her until the next spring. At that time, my father suddenly got sick
seriously. My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.
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After they were back, my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road. They
were so kind to each other and it seemed they were the happiest couple.
After two months my father still couldn't walk by himself.
"Dad, how are you feeling now? " I asked him one day.
"Susan, don't worry about me." he said gently. "To tell you the truth, I just like walking with
your mom. I like this kind of life." Reading his eyes, I know he loves my mother deeply.
Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and sweet kisses. But from this experience, I
understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong
and warm.
( ) 28. Why are Susan's parents busy trying to make money?
A. To send Susan to school.
B. To get to see the doctor.
C. To buy a strong quilt.
D. To show their love.
( ) 29. Susan began to understand her mother's words
.
A. while her mother was sewing a quilt
B. before her father was in hospital
C. when she was sitting beside her mother
D. after her father was badly sick
( ) 30. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. How to Make a Quilt Strong
B. Love Is Just a Thread
C. Walking on the Country Road
D. Susan's Busy Parents
四、六选五（共5 题，每题2 分，总分10 分）
The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the
water to find the secret there. Scuba diving is a new sport today. 31
You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus.
32 Some have sharp teeth. When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands.
When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time.
33 And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.
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The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It's cold, and it's dark too. 34 At
about 3, 000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes.
Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side.
Besides the cold and darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger— other animals.
Animals eat! They must find food to eat. 35 However, some animals eat meat. This
means these sea animals have two big jobs. They need to find animals as food, and they have
to try not to become other animals' meal.
A. However, you can't dive too deep.
B. It can take you into a wonderful undersea world.
C. There is less and less food for them because water pollution.
D. Many animals eat plants.
E. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is.
F. Some sea animals give out light in the dark.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
五、用所给词正确形式填空（共10 题，每题1 分，总分10 分）
36.
Jo is really crazy about sports, especially running. Now he is in a half-marathon for
a
charity. (child)
37.
Shall we go to the funfair nearby? Let's
many people give performances,
like jugglers, clowns and so on. (watch)
38.
We should learn
English. It is terrible if you can't understand others while
traveling in other countries. (speak)
39.
The
are not afraid to do their own thinking and use their own knowledge.
Also, they care about the world and its people. (win)
40.
A: Give me another ten minutes. Then we go out and have fun.
B: It doesn't matter. I'll wait for you. Although (虽然) there is a lot of homework, I'm
. (finish)
41.
It's really noisy in the classroom, but everyone stops
when the teacher
comes in. (talk)
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42.
In my spare time, I like going to the seaside to enjoy the
of the sun. It's
really comfortable to lie on the beach in the sun. (warm)
43.
I will hire the company to
our wedding ceremony at this 5-star hotel. Hope
everything goes on well. (organization)
44.
Anna likes knitting (编织) . She can knit three scarves within a month. See, this is
the
scarf she's knitted! Amazing! (forty)
45.
It was terrible at first,
getting up before dawn (黎明) to catch that 6:30
train. (special)
六、句型转换（共5 题，每题2 分，总分10 分）
46.
Tommy has a good time in the Edinburgh castle.
=Tommy
in the Edinburgh castle.
47.
The boy from class 6 can walk on his hands very well.
(Ask a question to the
underlined part.)
48.
I think the dark blue dress is very elegant. (Ask a question to the underlined part.)
49.
My sister and I are reading some books at present. (Change it into a Y/N question.)
50.
Hannah goes rollerblading once a week. (Ask a question to the underlined part) .
七、翻译（本大题共5 小题，每小题2 分，共10 分）
51.
为什么不坚持每天练习说英语呢？
52.
他是我们班上最勤奋的学生之一。
53.
你真有礼貌，在公交车上主动把座位让给需要的人。
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54.
现在我们学校学生的数量比以前多得多。
55.
Kitty 选择去学音乐，因为她有一副好嗓子。
八、写作（总分20 分）
Write at least 70 words about the topic "
is fun". Use the following points as
reference.
1. Fill in the blank and finish the title"
is fun".
2. What do you usually do for fun?
3. Why do you find it interesting and good for you? (at least 2 reasons)
11220323470140
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