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2012 年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间
将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．
1．（1 分）Where does this conversation probably take place（发生）？
A．In the hostipal．
B．In a classroom
C．In a library．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
2．（1 分）At what time will the film begin？
A.7：20B.7：15 C.7：00．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
3．（1 分）What are the two speakers mainly talking about？
A．Their friend Jane．
B．A weekend trip．
C．A radio programme．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
4．（1 分）What will the woman probably do？
A．Catch a train．
B．See the man off．
C．Go shopping．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
5．（1 分）Why did the woman apologize？
A．She made a late delivery．
B．She went to the wrong place．
C．She couldn't take the cake back．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
6．（2 分）听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题．
6．Whose CD is broken？
A．Kathy's．
B．Mum's．
C．Jack's．
7．What does the boy promise to do for the girl？
A．Buy her a new CD．
B．Do some cleaning．
C．Give her 10 dollars．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】CB
【点评】略
7．（2 分）（1）What did the man think of the meal？
A．Just so﹣so．
B．Quite satisfactory．
C．A bit disappointing．
（2）What was the 15% on the bill paid for？
A．The food．
B．The drinks．
C．The service．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】BC
【点评】略
8．（3 分）听第8 段材料，回答第10 至12 题．
10．Why is the man at the shop？
A．To order a camera for his wife．
B．To have a camera repaired．
C．To get a camera changed．
11．What colour does the man want？
A．Pink．
B．Black．
C．Orange．
12．What will the man do afterwards？
A．Make a phone call．
B．Wait until further notice．
C．Come again the next day．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】CAB
【点评】略
9．（4 分）听第9 段材料，回答第13 至16 题．
13．What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday？
A．Go to a play．
B．Stay at home．
C．Visit Kingston．
14．What is Ariel going to do in Toronto？
A．Attend a party．
B．Meet her aunt．
C．See a car show
15．Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave？
A．To call up Betty．
B．To buy some DVDs
C．To pick up Daniel．
16．What might be the relationship between the speakers？
A．Classmates．
B．Fellow workers．
C．Guide and tourist．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】BACB
【点评】略
10．（4 分）听第10 段材料，回答第17 至20 题．
17．Where does Thomas Manning work？
A．In the Guinness Company．
B．At a radio station．
C．In a museum．
18．Where did the idea of a book of records come from？
A．A bird﹣shooting trip．
B．A visit to Europe．
C．A television talk show．
19．When did Sir Hugh's first book of records appear？
A．In 1875．
B．In 1950．
C．In 1955．
20．What are the two speakers going to talk about next？
A．More records of unusual facts．
B．The founder of the company．
C．The oldest person in the world．
【考点】17：短文理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15 分）第一节：单项填空（共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分）请
认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
11．（1 分）﹣Can I help you with it？
﹣I appreciate your _______，but I can manage it myself．（ ）
A．advice
B．question
C．offer
D．idea
【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．菁优网版权所有
【分析】﹣﹣我可以帮你吗？﹣﹣我感激你的好意，但我自己能行．
【解答】答案C． 考查名词的词义辨析．advice"建议，忠告"；question"问题，询问"；offer"提议，好意"；
idea"主意，想法"．根据句意，故选C．
【点评】把握具体语境，推敲出最佳答案．
12．（1 分）After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，_______urgently needed clean water，medicine
and shelter to survive．（ ）
A．which
B．who
C．where
D．what
【考点】59：关系代词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦．为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住所．
【解答】答案B．分析句子成分可知此句为定语从句，将先行词people 代入定语从句后为：people urgently
needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive，可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除C 项；what 不能
引导定语从句，故排除D 项；因为先行词为"人"，所以排除A 项．故答案为B 项．
【点评】做从句题时，首先看从句是否缺少成份，如果缺少就在关系代词里找引导词；如果不缺少成分，就
在关系副词里选择引导词．
13．（1 分）Sophia waited for a reply，but _______came．（ ）
A．either
B．another
C．neither
D．none
【考点】54：不定代词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】Sophia 等候答复，但没有任何答复．
【解答】根据转折连词but 可知，此处应用表示否定意义的代词，所以排除A、B 两项．neither 意为"两者都
不"；none 意为"三者或三者以上都不"．根据前半句中的"a reply"提示可知，选D 项．
【点评】考查代词辨析：neither/none
14．（1 分）﹣Don't worry，Mum．The doctor said it was only the flu．
﹣_______!I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious．（ ）
A．What a relief
B．Congratulations
C．How surprising
D．I'm so sorry
【考点】GA：感叹句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：﹣﹣不要担心，医生说这只是一个感冒．
﹣﹣真让人轻松！我告诉爸爸没有什么大不了的．
【解答】答案：A
考查感叹句在情景交际中的运用． A 真让人轻松；B 恭喜你！C 真让人惊讶；D 对不起；根据句中上下文的
理解，应该是让人觉得轻松的事情，所以选择A．
【点评】英语中日常交际用语比较多，诸如打电话、购物、问候、看医生等涉及到生活的方方面面．平时的
英语学习要对这些场景所用的英语有一定的了解，知道各个场景下的习惯用语及固定句型．同时，也可以通
过排除法对题目进行解答．
15．（1 分）There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent，_______？（ ）
A．is there
B．isn't there
C．is he
D．isn't he
【考点】G8：反意疑问句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】你几乎不怀疑他是无辜的，是吗？
【解答】答案A．主从句的反意疑问句，反问时，应和主句的主语保持一致．这句话和There is little doubt 一
致，little"几乎没有"是否定词，遵循前否后肯的原则，反意问句用is there？
故选：A．
【点评】主从句的反意问句，反问时，应和主句的主语保持一致．但当主句是I think，I suppose，I believe，
I imagine 等时，反意问句是和从句决定．如果是否定前移，反意问句是肯定．
16．（1 分）﹣OK，I've had enough of it．I give up．
﹣You can't _______your responsibilities．（ ）
A．run off with
B．run up against
C．run out of
D．run away from
【考点】A9：动词短语．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣好了，我已经受够了，我选择放弃．﹣﹣你不能逃避你的责任．
【解答】答案D．A 项run off with 表示"与某人私奔，偷走"；B 项run up against 表示"遭遇（困难）"；C 项
run outof 表示"用完，耗尽"；D 项run away with 表示"躲开，躲避，回避（责任等）"；根据句意，D 项与题
意相符．故答案选D．
【点评】本题考查动词短语辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，其次要熟悉每个选项中动词短语的具体意
思，然后根据语境具体定位正确短语．
17．（1 分）The notice came around two in the afternoon_______ the meeting would be postponed．（ ）
A．when
B．that
C．whether
D．how
【考点】59：关系代词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】通知说会议将推迟到下午两点左右．
【解答】答案B．分析句子成分可知，本题是同位语从句，中心名词notice 和同位语从句"the meeting would
be postponed"虽然被分隔开来，增加了试题难度，但前后仍然是解释说明关系，从句成分齐全，故选用
that，选择B．
【点评】做这类题目时，要首先分析句子成分，是什么从句，再看从句中是否缺少成分，然后进行关系词的
选择．
18．（1 分）Days later，my brother called to say he was all right，but _______say where he was．（ ）
A．mustn't
B．shouldn't
C．wouldn't
D．mightn't
【考点】A6：情态动词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：几天之后，我弟弟打来电话说他一切都很好，可总是不愿意说出他到底在哪．
【解答】答案C．选项A mustn't"禁止"；选项B shouldn't"不应该"；选项D mightn't"可能不（可能性较小）"
选项C wouldn't"总是不，不愿意"．结合句子的意思"总是不愿意说出他到底在哪"，C 项符合语境，故选C．
【点评】本题考查情态动词．解答此类题目关键是要读懂句意，并且对每个情态动词的基本用法和特殊用法
都要熟知，然后根据语境辨析锁定答案．
19．（1 分）﹣Thank God you're safe!
﹣I stepped back，just _______ to avoid the racing car．（ ）
A．in time
B．in case
C．in need
D．in vain
【考点】8B：介词短语．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣谢天谢地，我们终于安全了！﹣我向后退了一步，及时避开驶来的汽车．
【解答】答案A．B 选项"以防，万一"；C 选项"需要"；D 选项"徒劳"；A 选项"及时；迟早"；A 项符合语
境，
故选：A．
【点评】本题考查介词短语辨析．解答此类题目首先要理解题干的意思，其次要知道各选项词组的意思，然
后依次把各个选项意思放入句子中进行比较，不难选出正确答案．关键还是在平时学习的过程中，多积累多
总结多记忆．
20．（1 分）One's life has value _______ one brings value to the life of others．（ ）
A．so that
B．no matter how
C．as long as
D．except that
【考点】92：从属连词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：一个人的生命是有价值的，只要它给别人的生活带来价值．
【解答】答案：C A 项"以便，为了"；B 项"无论怎样"；C 项"只要"；D 项"除…之外"．根据句意此处表示条
件，as long as 符合题意，
故选：C．
【点评】考查状语从句的连接词．只要弄清每个连接词的意思，再根据句意做出选择即可．
21．（1 分）_______an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or
later．（ ）
A．Based
B．Basing
C．Base
D．To base
【考点】B3：现在分词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】以情绪做出重要的决定而不是以原因，你迟早会后悔的．
【解答】答案B 现在分词作状语．因为句子的主语you 和动词base 之间是主动关系．相当于条件状语从句
if you base…on…而A 项表示被动，可用作be based on．C 项只能作谓语；D 项不定式，一般表示将要发生
的动作．
故选：B．
【点评】考查现在分词作状语．主要看句子的主语和分词之间构成主动关系还是被动关系，如果是主动关
系，就用现在分词，被动关系就用过去分词．
22．（1 分）The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he _______ some European business
partners．（ ）
A．would meet
B．is meeting
C．meets
D．had met
【考点】E9：过去完成时．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：据说经理在巴黎与欧洲的一些生意合作伙伴洽谈之后已经回来了．
【解答】答案D．此题的突破口在"sb be said to have done sth"这个结构意思的理解上，意为"某人据说已经做
过某事"．由语境可知，句中"经理从巴黎回来"是过去发生的动作，而从句中的动作是在他回来之前已经发生
的，属于"过去的过去"行为，故用过去完成时，D 项符合语境，故选D．
【点评】本题考查时态的用法．解答此类题目的关键是要读懂句意，正确理解句中的固定结构，分析上下文
的语境，判断时态，锁定答案．
23．（1 分）﹣Honey，the cat's stuck in the tree．Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder…？
﹣Oh，it jumped off．_______．（ ）
A．Never mind
B．All right
C．No problem
D．Take care
【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣亲爱的，猫咪在树上下不来了，你能关掉电视把梯子拿来吗？﹣﹣它跳下来了，算了，
不用了．
【解答】答案A．B 项"好的，对，行"通常用于1．作对方建议或劝告的应答语.2．作对方想法或请求的应答
语．C 项"没问题"；D 项"当心，小心"；A 项"没关系，不要担心"通常用于1．作道歉的回答"没关系，没什
么".2．用来安慰某人"别着急，不要紧".3．谢绝别人的提供"不用啦，别费事了".4．用来否定某一想法或建议
"算了"．根据句意：上句"猫咪在树上下不来了，你能关掉电视把梯子拿来吗"；下句"它跳下来了，算了，不
用了"可知，A 项符合语境，故选A．．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选
项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反
复记忆．
24．（1 分）The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he_______．（ ）
A．has started
B．starts
C．started
D．will start
【考点】E2：一般过去时．菁优网版权所有
【分析】总统希望在他离职的时候人们要比他上台的时侯要富裕一些．
【解答】答案C．根据句意可知他已经是总统了，那么他上台是一个过去发生的事情，故使用一般过去时．
故选：C．
【点评】时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语．要根据时间状语来选择合适的时
态，在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处．
25．（1 分）﹣Happy birthday!
﹣Thank you!It's the best present I _______ for．（ ）
A．should have wished
B．must have wished
C．may have wished
D．could have wished
【考点】GJ：虚拟语气．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣生日快乐！﹣﹣谢谢你！这很可能是我所能期望的最好的礼物了！
【解答】答案：D．A．"should have wished"表示本应该期望而实际上并非如此 B．"must have wished"表示对
过去的肯定推测，一定很希望．C．"may have wished"表示对过去可能性的推测，可能性比较小，或许（没
准儿）很希望 D．"could have wished"表示很可能希望．根据句意可知，应该选D．
【点评】本题考查虚拟语气．could have done 有两个意思：1．本可以做而没有做．2．表示可能性．本题倾
向于第二个意思，表示这很可能是我期待的最好的礼物．很多同学对第二个意思不熟，故很容易做错．
第二节：完形填空（共1 小题；每小题20 分，满分20 分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、
B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
26．（20 分）The concept of solitude （独处） in the digital world is almost non﹣existent．In the world of digital
technology，e﹣mail，social networking and online video games，information is meant to be（1）
shared ．Solitude can be hard to discover（2） once it has been given up．In this respect，new technologies
have（3） shaped our culture．
The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a（n）（4） end as we've known it．People have become
so （5） reachable in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted （6） even if
they'd rather not be．Today we can talk，text，e﹣mail，chat and blog （写博客），not only from our（7）
computers ，but from our mobile phones as well．
Most developed nations have become （8） dependent on digital technology simply because they've grown
accustomed to it，and at this point not（9） using it would make them an outsider．（10） Also ，many jobs
and careers require people to be （11） connected ．From this point of view，technology has changed the
culture of work．Being reachable might feel like a（12） burden to those who may not want to be able to be
contacted at all times．
I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who （13） really wants
it．Computers can be shut （14） down and mobile phones can be turned off．The ability to
be"connected"and"on"has many（15） advantages ，as well as disadvantages．Travelers have ended up （16）
lost on mountains，and mobile phones have saved countless lives．They can also make people feel（17）
trapped and forced to answer unwanted calls or（18） reply to unwanted texts．
Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society（19） vary across generations．Some find today's
technology a gift．Others consider it a curse．Regardless of anyone's view on the subject，it's hard to imagine what
life would be like （20） without daily advancements in technology．
（1）A．updated
B．received
C．shared
D．collected
（2）A．though
B．until
C．once
D．before
（3）A．respected
B．shaped
C．ignored
D．preserved
（4）A．edge
B．stage
C．end
D．balance
（5）A．sensitive
B．intelligent
C．considerate
D．reachable
（6）A．even if
B．only if
C．as if
D．if only
（7）A．media
B．computers
C．databases
D．monitors
（8）A．bent
B．hard
C．keen
D．dependent
（9）A．finding
B．using
C．protecting
D．changing
（10）A．Also
B．Instead
C．Otherwise
D．Somehow
（11）A．connected
B．trained
C．recommended
D．interested
（12）A．pleasure
B．benefit
C．burden
D．disappointment
（13）A．slightly
B．hardly
C．merely
D．really
（14）A．out
B．down
C．up
D．in
（15）A．aspects
B．weaknesses
C．advantages
D．exceptions
（16）A．hidden
B．lost
C．relaxed
D．deserted
（17）A．trapped
B．excited
C．confused
D．amused
（18）A．turn
B．submit
C．object
D．reply
（19）A．vary
B．arise
C．spread
D．exist
（20）A．beyond
B．within
C．despite
D．without
【考点】IK：科普知识与现代技术；L4：议论文．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章讲述了在数字世界里独处的概念几乎是不存在的，电子邮件，社交网络，
网上视频游戏都可以共享，一旦我们失去了独处再找回来就很难了，接着讲述了数字世代对我们生活的影
响，很多的发达国家对数字世界已经有了依赖性，因为他们已经习惯了．如果不用的话，他们就会成为一个
局外人，对这一世代的变化，有的人是感觉非常幸运赶上了这样一个时代，而有的人则认为这样反而是一种
压力，不管态度怎么样，我们难以想象如果没有这种先进的技术我们的生活将是什么样子．
【解答】36． C 考查动词辨析．根据第一句话"The concept of solitude （独处） in the digital world is
almostnon﹣existent．"在数码时代里，独处的概念几乎是不存在的"可知，此处表示信息是被共享的．故选C
项．
37． C 考查连词辨析． 根据上下无奈语境，一旦被放弃孤独是很难发现的．once 意为"一旦"，符合语
境．though 意为"尽管"；until 意为"直到"；before 意为"在…之前"．都不符合题意．故选C．
38． B 考查动词辨析．根据上下文，句意：在这方面，新技术塑造着我们的未来．respect 意为"尊重"；
shape 意为"塑造，使成形"；ignore 意为"忽视"；preserve 意为"保护"．根据语境可知，应选B 项．
39． C 考查动词辨析．根据本句中的connect（连接）可知，此处表示终止孤独．end 意为"结束，终止"，
符合语境．故选C．
40． D 考查形容词辨析．根据后半句"and connections that one can oftenbe contacted 41 they'd rather not
be．人们能够经常被联系"可知，在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达到．reachable 意为"可达到
的，可获得的"，符合语境．故选D．
41． A 考查连词辨析．根据上下文可推知，在网络连接世界中，人们已经变得如此地可达到以致即使不
愿意被联系，也可能经常被联系．根据语境可知，应选A 项．even if 意为"即使"；only if 意为"只要"；as if
意为"似乎"；if only 意为"要是…该多好"．故选A．
42． B 考查名词辨析．根据上文中的network 可知，交谈、发短信、法电子邮件等等应与电脑有关．故选
B．
43． D 考查动词辨析．根据后半句"they've grown accustomed to it"可知，许多发达国家已经依赖于数码技
术．dependent（on）意为"依靠的"，符合语境．bent （on）意为"决心的"；hard（on）意为"严厉的"；keen
（on）意为"爱好，喜欢"．故选D．
44． B 考查动词辨析．根据前半句"Most developed nations have become43 on digital technology simply
because they've grown accustomed to it"可知，此处意为：不使用它会让他们成为局外人．故选B．
45． A 考查副词辨析．根据语境可知，此处表示进一步陈述人们与新技术的联系．故选A 项．
46． A 考查动词辨析． 根据语境可知，许多工作和职业需要人们被联系．根据上下文多次提到connect
和contact 可知，故选A．
47． C 考查名词辨析．根据后半句"may not want to be able to be contacted atall times"可知，经常被联系是一
种负担．A 项意为"愉悦"；benefit 意为"利益"；disappointment 意为"失望"，均与语境不符．故选C．
48． D 考查副词辨析．根据语境可知，独处对于真正想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的．slightly 意为"稍微
"；hardly 意为"几乎不"；merely 意为"仅仅"；really 意为"真正地"． really 符合语境．故选D．
49． B 考查动词短语辨析．根据后半句中的"turn off"可知，此处应为意义一致的短语，shut down 意为"关
闭"，符合语境．shut out 意为"关在外面，遮住"；shut up 意为"住口"；shut in 意为"关进"．故选B．
50． C 考查动词辨析．根据disadvantages 可知这句的句意，"除了劣势之外，还有很多优势"．故选C．
51． B 考查形容词辨析．根据后半句"mobile phones have saved countlesslives．"，可知此处指旅游者在山上
迷路了．故选B．
52． A 考查形容词辨析．根据本句中的"force 和unwanted"可知，手机还使人们人感到困窘（trapped），被
迫回答不必要的电话或者回复不必要的短信．excited 意为"兴奋的"；confused 意为"混乱的，困惑的，糊涂的
"；amused 意为"愉快的"．故选A．
53． D 考查动词短语辨析．根据上一题的解析可知，此处为回复短信．turn to 意为"转向；求助于"，
submit to 意为"提交；服从"；object to 意为"反对"，均与语境不符．故选D 项．
54． A 考查动词辨析．根据下文，说到人们对现在的技术的态度可知，态度在不同时代有所变化．vary 意
为"变化，改变"，符合语境．arise 意为"出现"；spread 意为"传播"；exist 意为"存在"．故选A．
55． D 考查介词辨析．根据上下文，句意：如果没有每日的技术进步，难以想象生活会是什么样．根据本
句宾语从句中所用的虚拟语气可知，应选without，意为"没有"．beyond 意为"超过，超越"；within 意为"在…
之内"；despite 意为"尽管"．故选D．
【点评】解答此类题目可遵循以下步骤：第一步，通读全文，了解文章大意，获得整体印象，同时初选出一
批较有把握的答案．第二步，边核对初选答案边补填留下的空格．如果短文难度较大，则可复读几遍，核对
和确定答案．有些空一时决定不了，可作个记号，待复查时再确定． 第三步，复查定稿．从整体理解角度
出发，仔细审核答案，确保意义上、语法上没有错误，同时对遗留下来的少数几个空格作最后选择．
第三部分：阅读理解（共4 小题；每小题6 分，满分30 分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、
B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑
27．（6 分）
（1）According to the survey，people left alone on a desert island would most want their C ．
A．MP3 player
B．dog
C．spouse/partner
D．celebrity
（2）Which of the following is true about George Clooney？ B
A．He has been trained in wilderness survival．
B．He may not be able to help you survive．
C．He does not think Roseane is beautiful．
D．He is the choice of most South African women．
（3）The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents' A ．
A．sex，age and nationality
B．race，nationality and sex
C．marriage，age and race
D．age，sex and marriage．
【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇调查报告，调查了关于"如果你一个人独自留在一个孤岛上，你最需要什么？"的这个话
题，不同的人给出了不同的结果．需要配偶或伴侣的占82%，需要MP3 的占32%，而需要名人或宠物狗则
占27%或28%．
【解答】56．答案：C．细节理解题．根据第一段第三句"Respondents in all 16 countries surveyed said their
spouse or partnerwould be their first choice to have with them．"可知，16 个国家的被调查者的第一选择都是
希望他们的配偶或伴侣在他们身边．
57．答案：B．推理判断题．根据第一段第五行中"…and who knows if George Clooney or Penelope Cruz has
taken coursesin wilderness survival training？"可推知，此处表示"谁知道乔治，克鲁尼（美国著名男演员）和佩
内洛普克鲁兹（西班芝牙著名女演员）是否参加过野外生存训练呢？"，即如果你独自一人被留在沙漠里或
一座小岛上，他们或许不能帮助你逃生．
58．答案：A．推理判断题．根据四个大标题"Spouse/Partner"、"Clooney/Cruz"、"MP3Player"和"Dog"下面的
段落中的关键词"the South African wo men"、"the Indian women"、"Russian men"、"the Mexican men"、"older
than 45"等可以看出，是从调查对象的性别（ sex）、年龄（age ）、国籍（nationality）这三个方面来分析调
查结果的．
【点评】这类阅读题主要考察学生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注
重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易．
28．（8 分）Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic （流行病） sweeping across
America's farmland．It has little to do with the usual challenges，such as flood，rising fuel prices
and crop﹣eating insects．The country's farmers are getting older，and there are fewer people standing in line to take
their place．National agricultural census （普查） figures show that the fastest﹣growing group of farmers is the
part over 65．Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012statistics are completed．
Merrigan，a former college professor，is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging
more students to think about careers in agriculture．Aside from trying to stop the graying of America's farmers，her
work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No.1on a list of"useless"college degrees．Top
federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting，and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across
the country．
"There couldn't be anything that's more incorrect，"Merrigan said．"We know that there aren't enough qualified
graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture．"
In addition，a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by
2050，she said．
"I truly believe we're at a golden age of agriculture．Global demand is at an all﹣time record high，and global
supplies are at all﹣time record lows，"said Matt Rush，director of the Texas Farm Bureau．"Production costs are
going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture．"
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally
grown food．The National Young Farmers'Coalition has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to
make it easier for new farmers．
Ryan Best，president of Future Farmers of America，has been living out of a suitcase，traveling the country and
visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture．The 21﹣year﹣old Best hopes his message﹣that this
is a new time in agriculture﹣will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics．"Never before have we
had the innovations （创新） in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it
has ever been，"he said．"There's really a place for everybody to fit in．"
59．What is the new challenge to American agriculture？ A
A．Fewer and older farmers．
B．Higher fuel prices．
C．More natural disasters．
D．Lower agricultural output．
60．Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country？ D
A．To draw federal agriculture officials'attention．
B．To select qualified agriculture graduates．
C．To clarify a recent blog posting．
D．To talk more students into farming careers．
61．According to Matt Rush，American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because
C ．
A．the government will cover production costs
B．global food supplies will be even lower
C．investment in agriculture will be profitable
D．America will increase its food export
62．What do the underlined words"to turn around the statistics"in the last paragraph mean？ C
A．To re﹣analyze the result of the national census．
B．To increase agricultural production．
C．To bring down the average age of farmers．
D．To invest more in agriculture．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇科技文，主要介绍了美国在农业方面临农民人数少，年龄偏大的问题，同时还缺少专业
大学生从事农业生产．该怎么样解决这个问题．
【解答】59．答案：A．细节理解题．根据第一段第三句"The country's farmers are getting older，and there are
fewer people standing in line to take their place．"可知，美国农业正面临农民越来越少，年龄越来越大的挑
战．故选A．
60．答案：D．细节理解题．根据第二段第一句中的"…is making stops at universities across the country in hopes
of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture"可知，Merrigan 访问大学是想鼓励更多的学生
从事农业生产行业．故选D．
61．答案：C．推理判断题．根据第五段第二句中的"Global demand is at an all﹣time record high，and global
supplies are at all﹣time record lows"可知，Matt Rush 认为，全球对农业的需要达到了最高，而全球的供应则
达到了最低．所以可推断出，在农业上投资肯定会获利．故选C．
62．答案：C．猜测词义题．根据最后一段第二句中的"…this is a new time in agriculture﹣will motivate the
next generation…"可知，此处表示的是"农业的新时机将会激励下一代来参与，即农民的平均年龄将会年轻化
"．所以画线短语意为"减小农民的平均年龄"．故选C．
【点评】做此类题时应做到：通读全文，了解大意；带着问题，复读原文； 理解识别，推断归纳．
29．（6 分）Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure．One solution to this problem is to put the
drugs inside a capsule，protecting them from the body﹣and the body from them﹣until they can be released at just
the right spot．There are lots of ways to trigger （引发） this release，including changing temperature，acidity，
and so on．But triggers can come with their own risks﹣burns，for example．Now，researchers in California have
designed what could be a harmless trigger to date：shining near﹣infrared light （NIR，近红外线） on the drug in
the capsule．
The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new．Researchers around the globe have developed
polymers （聚合物） and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb either ultraviolet （UV，紫
外线） or visible light．But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light，which means the drug release can be
triggered only near the skin，where the light can reach the capsule．NIR light largely passes through tissues，so
researchers have tried to use it as a trigger．But few compounds （化合物） absorb NIR well and go through
chemical changes．
That changed last year when Adah Almutairi，a chemist at the University of California，San Diego，reported that
she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light．Their polymer used a
commercially available NIR﹣absorbing group called o﹣nitrobenzyl （ONB）．When they catch the light，ONB
groups fall off the polymer，leading to its breakdown．But ONB is only a so﹣so NIR absorber，and it could be
poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer．
So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better．This one consists of
a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer．Cresol contains reactive（易反应的）
components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form，a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their
advantage．After polymerizing the cresols，they cap each reactive component with a light﹣absorbing compound
called Bhc．When the Bhcs absorb NIR light，the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two
short chains．Shining additional light continues this breakdown，potentially releasing any drugs in the
capsule．What's more，Almutairi says，Bhc is 10times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to
cells．
63．According to the passage，which of the following could be the best trigger？ B
A．Temperature change．
B．NIR light．
C．Acidity change．
D．UV light．
64．Why is ONB unsatisfactory？ D
A．It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light．
B．It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release．
C．It has not come onto the market up till now．
D．It is not effective enough and could be poisonous．
65．Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes？ C
A．protected
B．formed
C．exposed
D．combined．
【考点】M5：科普知识类阅读；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇科普文章，主要围绕"怎样使用胶囊，让我们生病更加安全、而且疗效好"这个主题展开
话题，解决方法之一是将药物装入胶囊内，通过红外线来引发胶囊药物的释放．
【解答】63．B 细节推理题．根据第一段最后两句"Now，researchers in California have designed what could
be a harmless trigger to date：shining near﹣infrared light on the drug in the capsule．"可知，研究者设计了一种
包含在药物胶囊里的无害的触发器，通过红外线来引发胶囊药物的释放，因此最后的触发器是NIR light，故
选B．
64．D 细节理解题．根据第三段尾句"But ONB is only a so﹣so NIR absorber，and it could be poisonous
tocells when it separates from the polymer．"可知，六氯还已烷对身体细胞没有害，在吸收近红外线方面，比
邻硝基要好10 倍并且对细胞不会产生有害副作用，故选D．
65．C 细节归纳题．根据尾段关键词、句"a long chain of compounds called cresol groups""Cresol contains
reactive（易反应的） componentsthat…""When…，the reactivegroups are exposed and break…""…continues
thisbreakdown"可知，六氯还已烷吸收近红外线后，易反应性组曝光，把长链聚合物破坏成两个短链聚合
物．故选C．
【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到
相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意
思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要
固守自己的看法或观点．
30．（10 分）Franz Kafka wrote that"a book must be the ax （斧子） for the frozen sea inside us．"I once shared this
sentence with a class of seventh graders，and it didn't seem to require any explanation．
We'd just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men．When we read the end together out loud in class，my
toughest boy，a star basketball player，wept a little，and so did I．"Are you crying？"one girl asked，as she got
out of her chair to take a closer look．"I am，"I told her，"and the funny thing is I've read it many times．"
But they understood．When George shoots Lennie，the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen．In
my 14years of teaching in a New York City public middle school，I've taught kids with imprisoned parents，abusive
parents，irresponsible parents； kids who are parents themselves； kids who are homeless； kids who grew up in
violent neighborhoods．They understand，more than I ever will，the novel's terrible logic﹣the giving way of
dreams to fate （命运）．
For the last seven years，I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher，reading classic works of literature with
small groups of students from grades six to eight．I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that
a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school﹣one that often attracts the literary﹣
minded children of Manhattan's upper classes﹣into a less competitive setting．The daughter of immigrants，with a
father in prison，she perhaps felt
uncomfortable with her new classmates．I thought additional"cultural capital"could help students like her develop
better in high school，where they would unavoidably meet，perhaps for the first time，students who came from
homes lined with bookshelves，whose parents had earned Ph．D．'s．
Along with Of Mice and Men，my groups read：Sounder，The Red Pony，Lord of the Flies，Romeo and Juliet
and Macbeth．The students didn't always read from the expected point of view．
About The Red Pony，one student said，"it's about being a man，it's about manliness．"I had never before seen the
parallels between Scarface and Macbeth，nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies （独白） read as raps （说
唱），but both made sense； the interpretations were playful，but serious．Once introduced to Steinbeck's
writing，one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that"all these
people hate each other，and they're all white．"His historical view was broadening，his sense of his own country
deepening．Year after year，former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in
college as a result of the classes．
Year after year，however，we are increasing the number of practice tests．We are trying to teach students to read
increasingly complex texts，not for emotional punch （碰撞） but for text complexity．Yet，we cannot enrich
（充实） the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts．We are teaching them that
words do not amaze but confuse．We may succeed in raising test scores，but we will fail to teach them that reading
can be transformative and that it belongs to them．
66．The underlined words in Paragraph 1probably mean that a book helps to D ．
A．realize our dreams
B．give support to our life
C．smooth away difficulties
D．awake our emotions
67．Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men？ D
A．Because they spent much time reading it．
B．Because they had read the novel before．
C．Because they came from a public school．
D．Because they had similar life experiences．
68．The girl left the selective high school possibly because C ．．
A．she was a literary﹣minded girl
B．her parents were immigrants
C．she couldn't fit in with her class
D．her father was then in prison
69．To the author's surprise，the students read the novels A ．．
A．creatively
B．passively
C．repeatedly
D．carelessly
70．The author writes the passage mainly to B ．
A．introduce classic works of literature
B．advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
C．argue for equality among high school students
D．defend the current testing system．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P6：作者情感态度．菁优网版权所有
【分析】这篇文章详细介绍了作者在平时教学生文学阅读过程中是如何触及学生心灵的．作者的教书经历让
我们明白一个道理：教文学一定要触及心灵，不要只停留于文字表面．
【解答】66．答案：D．细节理解题．该句运用了明喻和暗喻的写作手法，将书比作斧子，冰冻的大海意指
读者封锁的情感．作者引用这句话旨在告诉学生：一本好书应有助于唤醒读者的情感．故选D．
67．答案：D．细节理解题．根据第三段第一、二句"But they understood．When George shoots Lennie，the
tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen．"可知，学生之所以能够读得懂，是因为他们有过相似
的生活经历．故选D．
68．答案：．C 细节理解题．根据第四段第三句"The daughter of immigrants，with a father in prison，she
perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates．"可知，那个女孩离开学校可能是因为她不能融入到她的班
级中去．故选C．
69．答案：A．推理判断题．根据第五段第四句"I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and
Macbeth，nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's soliloquies read as raps，but both made sense； the interpretations were
playful，but serious．"可推断出，作者对学生们阅读小说的创造力感到惊讶，字里行间流露出自豪之情．故
选A （creatively 创造性地）．B．passively"被动地"；C．repeatedly"重复地"；D．carelessly"粗心地"．
70．答案：B．写作意图题．通读全文可知，作者讲述了在自己教学生涯中，教授学生文学阅读时的感
受．同时指出，通过文学阅读，可以美化心灵．
【点评】本题型考查了学生对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力．做此类题时要先阅读问题，然后带着问
题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读．在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总结归纳某一
段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的．
第四部分：任务型阅读（共1 小题；每小题10 分，满分10 分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章
后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词．注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上．每个空格只填一
个单词．
31．（10 分）"Happiness Advantage"Effect
In July 2010Burt's Bees，a personal﹣care products company，was going through enormous change as it began a
global expansion into 19new countries．In this kind of high﹣pressure situation，many leaders bother their assistants
with frequent meetings or flood their in﹣boxes with urgent demands．In doing so，managers lift everyone's anxiety
level，which activates the part of the brain that processes threats and steals resources from the prefrontal cortex （
大脑皮层），which is responsible for effective problem solving．
Burt's Bees's then﹣CEO，John Wolfgang，took a different approach．Each day，he'd send out an e﹣mail praising
a team member for work related to global marketing．He'd interrupt his own presentations to remind his managers to
talk with their teams about the company's values．He asked me to further a three﹣hour session with employees on
happiness in the course of the expansion effort．
As one member of the senior team told me a year later，Wolfgang's emphasis on developing positive leadership kept
his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one．
That outcome shouldn't surprise us．Research shows that when people work with a positive mind﹣set （思维模
式），performance on nearly every level﹣productivity，creativity，involvement﹣improves．Yet happiness is
perhaps the most misunderstood driver of performance．For one，mostpeople believe that success comes before
happiness．"Once I get a promotion，I'll be happy，"they think．Or，"Once I hit my sales target，I'll feel
great．"But because success is a moving target﹣as soon as you hit your target，you raise it again﹣the happiness
that results from success does not last long．
In fact，it works the other way around：People who have a positive mind﹣set perform better in the face of
challenge．I call this the"happiness advantage"﹣every business outcome shows improvement when the brain is
positive．I've observed this effect in my role as a researcher and lecturer in 48countries on the connection between
employee happiness and success．And I'm not alone：In an analysis of 225academic studies，researchers found
strong evidence of cause﹣and﹣effect relationship between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes．
Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics，our environment，or a combination of the two determines
how happy we are．To be sure，both factors have an impact．But one's general sense of well﹣being is surprisingly
unstable．The habits you form，the way you interact with colleagues，how you think about stress﹣all these can be
managed to increase your happiness and your chances of success．ccess．
71． bother/annoy 72． anxiety/concern/worry 73． considerate/aware/conscious 74．
loyal/faithful/devoted/committed 75． difference 76． positively 77． success/achievements 78．
strongly 79． determined/decided 80． chances/possibilities/opportunities ．
【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读；PB：阅读填空．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文讲述了幸福优势效应，并通过一个企业的发展举例说明你的习惯，你与同事的交流互动的方
式，你如何看待压力，这些都可以设法增加你的快乐和你的幸福．
【解答】71．【答案】bother/annoy．根据文章第一段"many leaders bother their assistants with frequent meetings
or flood their in﹣boxes with urgent demands"可知，许多领导经常会召集他们的助手们频繁的开会或是把他们
的箱子装好以应对紧急事件．故此空填"bother/annoy"．
72．【答案】anxiety/conern/worry．根据文章第一段中"In doing so，managers lift everyone's anxiety level．"可
知，领导们总能引起员工们的焦虑．故此空填含"焦虑"意思的词．
73．【答案】considerate/aware/conscious．根据文章第二段"Burt's Bees's then﹣CEO，John Wolfgang，took a
different approach．"他用了不同的方法． 他了解助手的那种感觉． Be aware of 意识到，了解到．
74．【答案】loyal/faithful/devoted/committed．根据文章第三段"Wolfgang's emphasis on developing positive
leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global
one．"可知，Wolfgang 把重点放在了领导能保持他的员工忠诚与积极的参与上，故此空填"忠心，忠诚"意义
的词．
75．【答案】difference．根据文章第三段和第四段可知Wolfgang'和上面第一段提到的那些负责人的做法不
同，他的这种方法很有区别，故填的是make a differnce 有区别，有影响．
76．【答案】positively．根据文章第五段中"People who have a positive mind﹣set perform better in the face of
challenge．"可知，谁拥有积极的心态，谁就能表现更好．故此空填"positively"．
77．【答案】success/achievements．根据文章中"the happiness that results from success does not last long．"可知
答案．
78．【答案】strongly．根据文章最后一段"researchers found strong evidence of cause﹣and﹣effect relationship
between life satisfaction and successful business outcomes．"可知研究者发现了强有力的证据．此空填
"strongly"．
79．【答案】determined/decided．根据文章"Another common misunderstanding is that our genetics，our
environment，or a combination of the two determines how happy we are．"可知另一个常见的误解是，我们的遗
传，我们的环境，或两者的组合决定了我们是多么的幸福．故此空填"决定"意义的词．
80．【答案】chances/possibilities/opportunities．根据文章最后一段"all these can be managed to increase your
happiness and your chances of success．"可知此空应填写"机会"意义的词汇．
【点评】本文是健康环保类阅读，考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力．做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中
的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要
根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．
第五部分：书面表达（满分25 分）
32．（25 分）生活中冲突时有发生．假设你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执，导致关系紧张．请
你结合此事，并根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向学校英文报"Happy Teens 冶专栏投稿．
简要描述事情的经过
打篮球、碰撞、争执，等等
分析发生冲突的原因
1．遇事不够冷静2．…
谈谈避免冲突的做法
（请考生根据自己的经历或感想，提出至少两种做法）
注意：
1．对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译．
2．词数150 左右．开头已经写好，不计入总词数．
3．作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等．
【考点】R1：提纲类．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇表格类的提纲作文，要求以冲突为话题，描述给定情境，分析现象并提出建议．话题贴
近时代，贴近生活，贴近学生，提示内容少，发挥空间大，考生有话可写．写作时应用第三人称和第一人
称．时态以一般过去时和一般现在时为主．重要短语：bump into sb（与…..相撞…．），turned into（变成），It
is one's fault（是某人的错…．），be to blame（应受…..责备），cared about（关心，担心），essential（必要
的），harmonious（和谐的），put ourselves in others'place．（站在别人的角度），handle conflicts（处理冲突）．
【解答】Conflicts with others are common in everyday life．During the basketball game yesterday afternoon，Su
Hua and Li Jiang bumped into each other，trying to catch the ball．【高分句型】Then they started shouting and
yelling，and it turned into a horrible quarrel．（描述事情经过）
To be honest，it was Su's fault but Li was also to blame﹣they were not calm enough and both said some really
mean things．They cared too much about winning and losing．As a matter of fact，blocking，pushing and bumping
are just part of a tough game．（分析冲突原因）
To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life．【高分
句型】It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society．Instead of
blaming each other，we should communicate more and put ourselves in others'place．（避免冲突做法）
Don't be self﹣centered and try to be considerate．We must learn to handle conflicts calmly and wisely．
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点，并适当发挥．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下
文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章
显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．
