高中英语丨每日一句No.069

✅ This criterion assesses... 主谓宾结构

✅ how effectively the photograph captures... how 引导宾语从句

✅ the impact of heat waves, wildfires, and floods of 短语作后置定语 + 三项并列

✅ as well as "以及"，并列连接

✅ the response mechanisms employed 过去分词作后置定语

✅ (which are) employed to do sth. 被用来做某事

✅ address these challenges address 熟词僻义："应对"

✅ assessment 类话题词汇：criterion / assess / evaluate

✅ 名词单复数辨析：mechanisms / challenges 均用复数

✅ 一般现在时：陈述客观评判标准

This criterion assesses how effectively the photograph captures the impact of heat waves, wildfires, and floods, as well as the response mechanisms employed to address these challenges.

criterion /kraɪˈtɪəriən/ n.

标准；准则（复数：criteria）

近义词：standard, benchmark, measure

常用搭配：meet the criterion 达到标准｜ evaluation criteria 评估标准｜ the main criterion 主要标准

What is the most important criterion for judging a good essay?评判一篇好作文最重要的标准是什么？

assess /əˈses/ v.

评估；评定；估价

近义词：evaluate, judge, estimate, appraise

词性转化：assessment n. 评估｜ assessable adj. 可评估的

常用搭配：assess the impact 评估影响｜ assess sb.'s ability 评估某人的能力｜ assess the situation 评估形势

Teachers assess students' progress through regular tests.老师通过定期测试评估学生的进步。

effectively /ɪˈfektɪvli/ adv.

有效地；实际上

近义词：successfully, efficiently, productively

词性转化：effect n. 影响｜ effective adj. 有效的｜ effectiveness n. 有效性

常用搭配：work effectively 有效运转｜ communicate effectively 有效沟通｜ how effectively... 多么有效地……

The new rules help the team work more effectively.新规则帮助团队更有效地工作。

capture /ˈkæptʃə(r)/ v.

捕捉； capturing 表现出；抓住；俘获

近义词：seize, catch, record, convey

常用搭配：capture the moment 捕捉瞬间｜ capture the impact of... 呈现……的影响｜ capture one's attention 吸引某人注意

The photo captures the beauty of rural life.这张照片捕捉到了乡村生活的美。

impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n.

影响；冲击；作用

近义词：effect, influence, consequence

常用搭配：have an impact on 对……产生影响｜ the impact of... ……的影响｜ make a great impact 产生巨大影响

Climate change has a serious impact on agriculture.气候变化对农业有严重影响。

heat wave /ˈhiːt weɪv/ n. phrase

热浪（也写作 heatwave）

近义表达：extreme heat, scorching weather

常用搭配：a deadly heat wave 致命热浪｜ during the heat wave 在热浪期间

The city issued warnings during the record-breaking heat wave.在破纪录的热浪期间，该市发布了警告。

wildfire /ˈwaɪldfaɪə(r)/ n.

野火；山火；林火

近义词：forest fire, bushfire

常用搭配：spread like wildfire （消息等）迅速传播｜ a raging wildfire 熊熊野火｜ fight wildfires 扑救山火

The news spread like wildfire across the campus.消息像野火一样在校园里迅速传开。

flood /flʌd/ n. & v.

洪水；水灾；淹没

近义词：deluge, inundation, overflow

常用搭配：be hit by floods 遭受洪灾｜ in flood 泛滥｜ a flood of... 大量的……

Heavy rains caused severe floods in the southern regions.暴雨导致南部地区发生严重洪灾。

as well as /æz wel æz/ phrase

以及；还有；除……之外（也）

近义表达：along with, in addition to, plus

用法提示：as well as 连接两个并列成分时，谓语动词通常与前面的主语保持一致。

She speaks French as well as English.她不仅会说英语，还会说法语。

mechanism /ˈmekənɪzəm/ n.

机制；机构；机械装置

近义词：system, process, means

常用搭配：response mechanisms 应对机制｜ the mechanism of... ……的机制｜ defense mechanisms 防御机制

The government established new mechanisms to fight corruption.政府建立了新的机制来打击腐败。

employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v.

使用；运用；雇佣

近义词：use, apply, utilize, hire

词性转化：employment n. 雇佣；就业｜ employee n. 雇员｜ employer n. 雇主

常用搭配：be employed to do sth. 被用来做某事｜ employ new methods 采用新方法

Drones are employed to monitor the forest fires.无人机被用来监测森林火灾。

address /əˈdres/ v.

应对；处理；演说（n. 地址）

近义词：deal with, tackle, handle, cope with

常用搭配：address the challenges 应对挑战｜ address the problem 处理问题｜ address the audience 向听众演讲

We must take action to address climate change.我们必须采取行动应对气候变化。

Step 1：找主干This criterion assesses... 是主谓结构，后面接一个 how 引导的宾语从句作 assesses 的宾语。

Step 2：宾语从句内部结构how effectively the photograph captures the impact of... 中，how + 副词 effectively 一起提前，从句用陈述语序。

Step 3：of 介词短语作后置定语the impact of heat waves, wildfires, and floods 中，of 短语修饰 impact，说明"什么的影响"。

Step 4：三项并列heat waves, wildfires, and floods 用逗号 + and 连接三个并列名词，这是英文的"三项并列"标准写法。

Step 5：as well as 并列结构as well as the response mechanisms... 把"应对机制"与"影响"并列起来，都是 photograph 呈现/捕捉的对象。

Step 6：过去分词作后置定语the response mechanisms employed to address these challenges 中，employed 是过去分词作后置定语，相当于 which are employed。

Step 7：不定式表目的to address these challenges 说明"使用应对机制"的目的。

Step 8：整合翻译"这一评判标准评估的是：照片能在多大程度上有效呈现热浪、野火和洪水带来的影响，以及应对这些挑战所采取的应对机制。"

🌳 句子结构层级图

[主句] This criterion assesses ... （主谓）  └─ 宾语从句：how effectively the photograph captures ...         ├─ the impact of heat waves, wildfires, and floods         │         └─ of 短语（后置定语）+ 三项并列         └─ as well as the response mechanisms ...              ├─ employed （过去分词作后置定语 = which are employed）              └─ to address these challenges （不定式表目的）

直译版

这一标准评估照片多么有效地捕捉了热浪、野火和洪水的影响，以及被用来应对这些挑战的应对机制。

润色版

这条评判标准考察的是：作品能否有力地呈现热浪、野火与洪水带来的冲击，以及人类为应对这些挑战而建立的种种机制。

1. how 引导宾语从句assesses 后接 how effectively... 从句。注意从句用陈述语序（主语 + 谓语），不是疑问语序。

例：The survey shows how people respond to the policy.

2. how + 副词提前how 修饰副词 effectively，说明"程度如何"，这是"疑问词 + 副词"引导从句的常见形式。

3. 一般现在时表客观事实assesses / captures 用一般现在时，陈述客观的评判标准，不带时间色彩。

4. of 短语作后置定语the impact of heat waves 中，of 短语紧跟在名词 impact 后面，说明"谁的/什么的影响"。

5. 三项并列heat waves, wildfires, and floods 是"逗号 + and"连接的标准三项并列，写作中可以直接套用。

6. as well as 并列as well as 连接两个并列成分，语气比 and 更强调"此外还有"。注意它与谓语一致的原则：主语 + as well as + 名词时，谓语跟前面的主语走。

例：The teacher as well as the students likes the plan.

7. 过去分词作后置定语mechanisms employed to... = mechanisms which are employed to...，employed 表被动，"被使用的"。

例：The methods used in the study are reliable.

8. employ 的熟词僻义employ 不只表示"雇佣"，还可以表示"使用、运用（方法、手段）"，阅读理解常考。

9. address 的熟词僻义address 最常见的意思是"地址"，但在正式文体中常表示"应对、处理（问题/挑战）"，高考高频。

例：Measures have been taken to address air pollution.

10. 不定式表目的to address these challenges 说明动作的目的，"为了应对这些挑战"。

仿写结构 ①

This criterion assesses how effectively ... captures ..., as well as ... employed to address these challenges.

这条标准评估……能多有效地呈现……，以及为应对这些挑战而使用的……

仿写结构 ②

This criterion evaluates how well ... presents ..., as well as the measures taken to ...

这条标准评估……能多好地展示……，以及为……而采取的措施

仿写例句

1. 环保海报评比This criterion assesses how effectively the poster conveys the message of waste sorting, as well as the creative designs employed to engage viewers.

2. 演讲比赛This criterion evaluates how well the speaker presents the theme of climate action, as well as the persuasive techniques employed to move the audience.

3. 作文评分This criterion assesses how effectively the essay develops the central idea, as well as the language skills employed to express complex thoughts.

4. 疫情防控This report analyzes how effectively the city responded to the outbreak, as well as the measures employed to address the public health challenges.

5. 科研评估This criterion assesses how effectively the experiment demonstrates the theory, as well as the methods employed to ensure accurate results.

💡 应试升级句

This criterion assesses how effectively the photograph captures the impact of heat waves, wildfires, and floods, as well as the response mechanisms employed to address these challenges, which reflects the judges' expectation that art should not only record disasters but also inspire solutions.

这条评判标准考察作品能否有力呈现热浪、野火与洪水的冲击，以及应对这些挑战的机制——这反映出评委的期待：艺术不仅要记录灾难，更要激发解决之道。

今天我们拆解了一个"评选标准"类句子，核心收获：

✅ assess how effectively... 是"评估……程度"的高频句型，从句用陈述语序；

✅ 过去分词作后置定语（mechanisms employed...）= which are employed，高考必考；

✅ as well as 连接并列成分，语气比 and 更进一层；

✅ employ / address 的熟词僻义要重点记忆——"使用"和"应对"，阅读理解年年考；

✅ 三项并列 + 分词后置 + 不定式目的，一句话把三个考点串齐了，值得反复读。

🌟 收藏这个句型

This criterion assesses how effectively ... captures ..., as well as ... employed to address these challenges.

适用话题：环境保护、气候变化、摄影与艺术比赛、评选标准、防灾减灾、公共治理