【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社|选修二|Unit 6: Survival|词汇学习

学习重点

Ø词汇学习

Ø语法：Adverbial clauses with -ever and no matter

Ø口语&写作：Write a survival story & Give a presentation about change and survival

词汇学习

✅ 名词 n.

fox /fɒks/ 狐狸

例句：The clever fox managed to escape from the trap set by hunters.

中文：这只聪明的狐狸成功逃离猎人设下的陷阱。

chacma baboon /ˈtʃækmə bəˈbuːn/ 南非大狒，大狒狒

例句：The chacma baboon often searches for food in groups near human settlements.

中文：南非大狒狒经常成群在人类居住地附近觅食。

crime /kraɪm/ 罪，罪行

例句：It is everyone’s duty to prevent and fight against crime in the community.

中文：预防和打击社区内的犯罪是每个人的责任。

suburb /ˈsʌbɜːb/ 郊区，城郊

例句：Many young families choose to live in the quiet suburb away from noisy downtown.

中文：很多年轻家庭选择住在远离喧嚣市中心的安静郊区。

thief /θiːf/ 小偷，贼

例句：The thief was caught by the police the moment he tried to run away.

中文：小偷试图逃跑的那一刻就被警察抓住了。

predator /ˈpredətə(r)/ 掠食动物，捕食性动物

例句：The lion, a fierce predator, plays an important role in balancing the ecosystem.

中文：狮子是凶猛的掠食动物，在生态系统平衡中发挥重要作用。

newcomer /ˈnjuːkʌmə(r)/ 新来者

例句：As a newcomer to the team, she is eager to learn from every experienced member.

中文：作为团队的新来者，她渴望向每一位资深成员学习。

racoon /rəˈkuːn/ 浣熊

例句：A cute racoon climbed onto the fence and stole some food from the yard.

中文：一只可爱的浣熊爬上围栏，从院子里偷走了一些食物。

container /kənˈteɪnə(r)/ 容器

例句：Please keep the chemical in a sealed container and place it out of children’s reach.

中文：请将这种化学品保存在密封容器中，放到孩子够不到的地方。

garbage /ˈɡɑːbɪdʒ/ 垃圾

例句：Residents are required to sort out garbage before throwing it into different bins.

中文：居民需要先把垃圾分类，再投入不同垃圾桶。

lamb /læm/ 羔羊肉

例句：Roasted lamb is a traditional dish popular in many western regions.

中文：烤羔羊肉是在很多西部地区很受欢迎的一道传统菜肴。

kebab /kɪˈbæb/ 烤（肉）串

例句：We sat outside and enjoyed delicious kebabs during the summer night.

中文：夏夜我们坐在户外享用美味的烤肉串。

garlic /ˈɡɑːlɪk/ （大）蒜

例句：Garlic is widely used in cooking for its special strong flavour.

中文：大蒜因其独特浓烈的风味被广泛用于烹饪。

hiker /ˈhaɪkə(r)/ 徒步旅行者，远足者

例句：The experienced hiker carried a full kit to deal with unexpected difficulties on the mountain.

中文：这名经验丰富的徒步旅行者带上全套装备，用来应对山上突发的困难。

kit /kɪt/ 成套工具

例句：A first-aid kit is necessary for every family to handle minor injuries.

中文：急救成套工具是每个家庭处理小伤口的必需品。

clay /kleɪ/ 黏土

例句：Workers use wet clay to make pots before putting them into the kiln.

中文：工匠用湿黏土制作陶罐，之后送入窑中烧制。

cave /keɪv/ 洞穴

例句：Archaeologists discovered ancient paintings inside the deep cave.

中文：考古学家在幽深的洞穴里面发现了古老壁画。

fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ 燃料

例句：Scientists are looking for clean fuel to replace coal and oil.

中文：科学家正在寻找清洁能源替代煤和石油。

consumption /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ （精力、油、电等的）消耗量

例句：The government is taking measures to reduce the energy consumption of factories.

中文：政府正在采取措施降低工厂的能源消耗量。

firefighter /ˈfaɪəfaɪtə(r)/ 消防队员

例句：The brave firefighter rushed into the burning building to save the trapped child.

中文：勇敢的消防员冲进着火大楼营救被困儿童。

blaze /bleɪz/ 烈火，大火

例句：The firefighters worked hard to put out the huge blaze in the city centre.

中文：消防员奋力扑灭市中心的大火。

Mars /mɑːz/ 火星

例句：Many scientists are exploring whether human beings can live on Mars one day.

中文：很多科学家正在探索人类将来是否能够在火星生存。

spacecraft /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ 航天器，宇宙飞船

例句：The spacecraft will send back valuable data from outer space.

中文：这艘宇宙飞船将会从外太空传回珍贵的数据。

orbit /ˈɔːbɪt/ 轨道

例句：The satellite has been travelling in its orbit around the earth for years.

中文：这颗卫星已经沿着绕地轨道运行很多年。

agency /ˈeɪdʒənsi/ 机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处

例句：She works for a government agency responsible for environmental protection.

中文：她在一家负责环保的政府机构工作。

astronaut /ˈæstrənɔːt/ 宇航员，太空人

例句：The astronaut spent nearly half a year working in the space station.

中文：这名宇航员在空间站工作了将近半年。

dust /dʌst/ 沙土，尘土

例句：A cloud of dust rose when the truck drove past the rough road.

中文：卡车驶过崎岖路面扬起一阵尘土。

capsule /ˈkæpsjuːl/ （航天器的）密封舱，太空舱

例句：The return capsule of the spaceship landed safely in Inner Mongolia.

中文：飞船的返回太空舱在内蒙古安全着陆。

exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r)/ 暴露

例句：Long exposure to strong sunlight will harm your skin.

中文：长时间暴露在强烈阳光下会损伤皮肤。

trunk /trʌŋk/ 树干

例句：The trunk of this old tree is so thick that three people cannot hold it together.

中文：这棵古树的树干十分粗壮，三个人都合抱不住。

✅ 动词 v.

commit /kəˈmɪt/ 犯（错误或罪行）

例句：Anyone who commits a crime will be punished by the law.

中文：任何犯罪的人都将受到法律的惩处。

flourish /ˈflʌrɪʃ/ 生长茂盛，兴盛

例句：Wild flowers flourish in the valley after the spring rain.

中文：春雨过后，山谷里野花生长茂盛。

estimate /ˈestɪmeɪt/ 估计，估算

例句：Experts estimate that the project will be completed within two years.

中文：专家估算这个项目将在两年内完工。

appreciate /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ 欣赏；赏识

例句：I really appreciate your generous help when I was in trouble.

中文：十分感激你在我陷入困境时慷慨相助。

restrict /rɪˈstrɪkt/ 限制，控制

例句：The school restricts the use of mobile phones inside the classroom.

中文：学校限制教室内手机的使用。

supplement /ˈsʌplɪmənt/ 补充，增补，增加

例句：Students supplement their knowledge by reading extra books after class.

中文：学生课后通过课外阅读补充知识。

eliminate /ɪˈlɪmɪneɪt/ 消除，根除

例句：We should try our best to eliminate poverty in remote areas.

中文：我们应当尽力消除偏远地区的贫困。

react /riˈækt/ （作出）反应

例句：How will the public react to the new policy?

中文：公众对这项新政策会作何反应？

wipe /waɪp/ 擦，拭，揩

例句：Please wipe the table with a wet cloth after dinner.

中文：晚饭后请用湿布擦一下桌子。

consist /kənˈsɪst/ 组成

例句：The committee consists of five professors and two students.

中文：这个委员会由五位教授和两名学生组成。

infer /ɪnˈfɜː(r)/ 推断，推定

例句：From the evidence, we can infer that he is innocent.

中文：从证据中我们可以推断他是无辜的。

expose /ɪkˈspəʊz/ 使暴露（于险境）

例句：Don’t expose your skin to the burning sun for too long.

中文：不要让你的皮肤长时间暴露在烈日之下。

✅ 形容词 adj.

seaside /ˈsiːsaɪd/ 海滨的

例句：We spent our summer holiday in a beautiful seaside village.

中文：我们在一座美丽的海滨村庄度过暑假。

greedy /ˈɡriːdi/ 贪婪的，贪心的

例句：The greedy businessman only cares about making more money.

中文：这个贪心的商人只关心赚取更多钱财。

urban /ˈɜːbən/ 城镇的，城市的

例句：Urban traffic pressure has become a common problem in many big cities.

中文：城市交通压力已经成为很多大城市的共性问题。

migratory /maɪˈɡreɪtəri/ 迁徙的

例句：Migratory birds travel thousands of miles to find warm places for winter.

中文：候鸟飞越数千英里寻找温暖之地过冬。

crucial /ˈkruːʃl/ 至关重要的，关键性的

例句：Communication plays a crucial role in building a good relationship.

中文：沟通在建立良好关系方面起到至关重要的作用。

optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/ 乐观的；乐观主义的

例句：Though facing many challenges, he remains optimistic about his future.

中文：虽然面临诸多挑战，他依旧对自己的未来保持乐观。

monthly /ˈmʌnθli/ 每月一次的

例句：The club holds a monthly meeting for all its members.

中文：这家俱乐部为全体成员举办每月一次的例会。

advanced /ədˈvɑːnst/ 高级的；先进的

例句：This factory uses advanced technology to produce electronic products.

中文：这家工厂使用先进技术生产电子产品。

nuclear /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/ 核武器的

例句：Many countries are against nuclear weapons.

中文：很多国家反对核武器。

terrifying /ˈterɪfaɪɪŋ/ 极其可怕的，骇人听闻的

例句：We heard a terrifying scream coming from the dark alley.

中文：我们听见从漆黑小巷传来一声骇人的尖叫。

fierce /fɪəs/ 恶劣的，极端的

例句：People stayed indoors because of the fierce storm.

中文：因为极端恶劣的暴风雨，人们都待在室内。

hostile /ˈhɒstaɪl/ （生长环境）恶劣的

例句：Only a few special plants can survive in this hostile desert environment.

中文：只有少数特殊植物可以在这种恶劣的沙漠环境存活。

unmanned /ʌnˈmænd/ 无人驾驶（操纵）的

例句：An unmanned plane took photos of the disaster area quickly.

中文：一架无人机快速拍摄了灾区的影像。

stunning /ˈstʌnɪŋ/ 极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的

例句：We saw a stunning sunset over the sea.

中文：我们看见了海上极具吸引力的落日美景。

✅ 副词 adv.

indoors /ˌɪnˈdɔːz/ 在室内

例句：It began to rain, so we moved indoors.

中文：天开始下雨，于是我们转移到室内。

✅ 短语

heat wave 酷热期，热浪期

例句：The government reminds citizens to drink more water during the heat wave.

中文：政府提醒市民在热浪期多补充饮水。

cope with 应付

例句：She is well prepared to cope with all kinds of difficulties in the new job.

中文：她做好充分准备来应付新工作里各种各样的困难。

bring… under control 使……处于控制之下

例句：It took firefighters hours to bring the big fire under control.

中文：消防员花了数小时才将大火控制住。

get rid of 摆脱，除去

例句：It is not easy to get rid of a bad habit.

中文：改掉坏习惯并不是一件容易的事。

wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭

例句：The ancient city was wiped out by a powerful earthquake.

中文：这座古城被一场强烈地震彻底摧毁。

consist of 由……构成，由……组成

例句：The medical team consists of three doctors and five nurses.

中文：这支医疗队由三名医生和五名护士组成。

in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时

例句：I will go to pick up the package; in the meantime, you can prepare dinner.

中文：我去取包裹，与此同时你可以准备晚饭。

自测卷

一、英译汉（写出中文意思）

1.fox _______________________

2.chacma baboon ________________________

3.crime ________________________

4.seaside ________________________

5.suburb ________________________

6.greedy ________________________

7.thief ________________________

8.commit ________________________

9.urban ________________________

10.predator ________________________

11.newcomer ________________________

12.flourish ________________________

13.racoon ________________________

14.container ________________________

15.garbage ________________________

16.lamb ________________________

17.kebab ________________________

18.garlic ________________________

19.estimate ________________________

20.migratory ________________________

21.appreciate ________________________

22.crucial ________________________

23.restrict ________________________

24.hiker ________________________

25.kit ________________________

26.optimistic ________________________

27.clay ________________________

28.cave ________________________

29.heat wave ________________________

30.indoors ________________________

31.cope with ________________________

32.fuel ________________________

33.consumption ________________________

34.supplement ________________________

35.eliminate ________________________

36.firefighter ________________________

37.bring… under control ________________________

38.blaze ________________________

39.fierce ________________________

40.react ________________________

41.monthly ________________________

42.get rid of ________________________

43.Mars ________________________

44.advanced ________________________

45.wipe ________________________

46.wipe out ________________________

47.nuclear ________________________

48.terrifying ________________________

49.hostile ________________________

50.unmanned ________________________

51.spacecraft ________________________

52.orbit ________________________

53.stunning ________________________

54.agency ________________________

55.consist ________________________

56.consist of ________________________

57.in the meantime ________________________

58.infer ________________________

59.expose ________________________

60.astronaut ________________________

61.dust ________________________

62.capsule ________________________

63.exposure ________________________

64.trunk ________________________

二、汉译英（写出英文单词/短语）

1.狐狸 ________________________

2.南非大狒，大狒狒 ________________________

3.罪，罪行 ________________________

4.海滨的 ________________________

5.郊区，城郊 ________________________

6.贪婪的，贪心的 ________________________

7.小偷，贼 ________________________

8.犯（错误或罪行） ________________________

9.城镇的，城市的 ________________________

10.掠食动物，捕食性动物 ________________________

11.新来者 ________________________

12.生长茂盛，兴盛 ________________________

13.浣熊 ________________________

14.容器 ________________________

15.垃圾 ________________________

16.羔羊肉 ________________________

17.烤（肉）串 ________________________

18.（大）蒜 ________________________

19.估计，估算 ________________________

20.迁徙的 ________________________

21.欣赏；赏识 ________________________

22.至关重要的，关键性的 ________________________

23.限制，控制 ________________________

24.徒步旅行者，远足者 ________________________

25.成套工具 ________________________

26.乐观的；乐观主义的 ________________________

27.黏土 ________________________

28.洞穴 ________________________

29.酷热期，热浪期 ________________________

30.在室内 ________________________

31.应付 ________________________

32.燃料 ________________________

33.（精力、油、电等的）消耗量 ________________________

34.补充，增补，增加 ________________________

35.消除，根除 ________________________

36.消防队员 ________________________

37.使……处于控制之下 ________________________

38.烈火，大火 ________________________

39.恶劣的，极端的 ________________________

40.（作出）反应 ________________________

41.每月一次的 ________________________

42.摆脱，除去 ________________________

43.火星 ________________________

44.高级的；先进的 ________________________

45.擦，拭，揩 ________________________

46.彻底摧毁，消灭 ________________________

47.核武器的 ________________________

48.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 ________________________

49.（生长环境）恶劣的 ________________________

50.无人驾驶（操纵）的 ________________________

51.航天器，宇宙飞船 ________________________

52.轨道 ________________________

53.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 ________________________

54.机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处 ________________________

55.组成 ________________________

56.由……构成，由……组成 ________________________

57.在此期间，与此同时 ________________________

58.推断，推定 ________________________

59.使暴露（于险境） ________________________

60.宇航员，太空人 ________________________

61.沙土，尘土 ________________________

62.（航天器的）密封舱，太空舱 ________________________

63.暴露 ________________________

64.树干 ________________________

三、句子互译

英译中

1.The lion, a fierce predator, plays an important role in balancing the ecosystem.

2.Migratory birds travel thousands of miles to find warm places for winter.

3.Communication plays a crucial role in building a good relationship.

4.The spacecraft will send back valuable data from outer space.

5.Long exposure to strong sunlight will harm your skin.

6.The medical team consists of three doctors and five nurses.

中译英

1.预防和打击社区内的犯罪是每个人的责任。

2.春雨过后，山谷里野花生长茂盛。

3.这家工厂使用先进技术生产电子产品。

4.改掉坏习惯并不是一件容易的事。

5.从证据中我们可以推断他是无辜的。

6.不要让你的皮肤长时间暴露在烈日之下。

✅ 自测卷答案

一、英译汉答案

1.狐狸 2.南非大狒，大狒狒 3.罪，罪行 4.海滨的 5.郊区，城郊6.贪婪的，贪心的 7.小偷，贼 8.犯（错误或罪行） 9.城镇的，城市的 10.掠食动物，捕食性动物11.新来者 12.生长茂盛，兴盛 13.浣熊 14.容器 15.垃圾16.羔羊肉 17.烤（肉）串 18.（大）蒜 19.估计，估算 20.迁徙的21.欣赏；赏识 22.至关重要的，关键性的 23.限制，控制 24.徒步旅行者，远足者 25.成套工具26.乐观的；乐观主义的 27.黏土 28.洞穴 29.酷热期，热浪期 30.在室内31.应付 32.燃料 33.（精力、油、电等的）消耗量 34.补充，增补，增加 35.消除，根除36.消防队员 37.使……处于控制之下 38.烈火，大火 39.恶劣的，极端的 40.（作出）反应41.每月一次的 42.摆脱，除去 43.火星 44.高级的；先进的 45.擦，拭，揩46.彻底摧毁，消灭 47.核武器的 48.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 49.（生长环境）恶劣的 50.无人驾驶（操纵）的51.航天器，宇宙飞船 52.轨道 53.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 54.机构；（尤指政府内的）局，部，处 55.组成56.由……构成，由……组成 57.在此期间，与此同时 58.推断，推定 59.使暴露（于险境） 60.宇航员，太空人61.沙土，尘土 62.（航天器的）密封舱，太空舱 63.暴露 64.树干

二、汉译英答案

1.fox 2.chacma baboon 3.crime 4.seaside 5.suburb 6.greedy 7.thief 8.commit 9.urban 10.predator 11.newcomer 12.flourish 13.racoon 14.container 15.garbage 16.lamb 17.kebab 18.garlic 19.estimate 20.migratory 21.appreciate 22.crucial 23.restrict 24.hiker 25.kit 26.optimistic 27.clay 28.cave 29.heat wave 30.indoors 31.cope with 32.fuel 33.consumption 34.supplement 35.eliminate 36.firefighter 37.bring… under control 38.blaze 39.fierce 40.react

41.monthly 42.get rid of 43.Mars 44.advanced 45.wipe 46.wipe out 47.nuclear 48.terrifying 49.hostile 50.unmanned 51.spacecraft 52.orbit 53.stunning 54.agency 55.consist 56.consist of 57.in the meantime 58.infer 59.expose 60.astronaut 61.dust 62.capsule 63.exposure 64.trunk

三、句子互译答案

英译中

1.狮子是凶猛的掠食动物，在生态系统平衡中发挥重要作用。

2.候鸟飞越数千英里寻找温暖之地过冬。

3.沟通在建立良好关系方面起到至关重要的作用。

4.这艘宇宙飞船将会从外太空传回珍贵的数据。

5.长时间暴露在强烈阳光下会损伤皮肤。

6.这支医疗队由三名医生和五名护士组成。

中译英

1.It is everyone’s duty to prevent and fight against crime in the community.

2.Wild flowers flourish in the valley after the spring rain.

3.This factory uses advanced technology to produce electronic products.

4.It is not easy to get rid of a bad habit.

5.From the evidence, we can infer that he is innocent.

6. Don’t expose your skin to the burning sun for too long.