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2021年6月大学英语六级真题+详细答案解析+听力音频及原文(第一套)
一、听力音频
二、六级真题（图片版）
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三、六级真题的详细解析（图片版）
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四、六级真题（文字版）
2021年6月大学英六级考试真题(一)
Directions:Forthispart, youareallowed30 minutes to write an essay based on the graph below . Youshouldstartyouressay with a brief description of the graph and comment on China's achievements inurbanization . Youshould write at least 150 words but no more than200 words
PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection, youwillheartwo long conversations . At the end of each conversation, you will
hearfourquestions . Boththe conversation and the questions will be spoken only once . After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best (Jnswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark
thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre .
Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
1. A) Heisgoingtoleavehispresent job.
B) Heisgoingtoattend a job interview .
C) Hewillmeethis new manager in two weeks .
D) He will tell the management how he really feels .
2. A) Itshould be carefully analyzed. C) It can be quite useful to senior managers .
B) Itshould be kept private . D) It can improve interviewees' job prospects .
3. A) Itmaydoharm to his fellow employees .
B)Itmay displease his immediate .superiors .
C) Itmayadverselyaffecthisfuturecareer prospects .
D) Itmayleaveanegative impression on the interviewer .
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4. A) Pour out his frustrations on a rate-your-employer website .
B) Networkwithhisclose friends to find a better employer .
C) Dosomepracticefor the exit interview .
D) Preparea comprehensive exit report .
Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
5. A) Hercareerasabotanist. C) Her month-long expedition .
B) Herlatestdocumentary . D) Her unsuccessful journey .
6. A) She was caught in a hurricane . C) She suffered from water shortage .
B) Shehadto live like a vegetarian . D) She had to endure many hardships .
7. A) Theycould no longer bear the humidity . C) A flood was approaching .
B) Theyhad no more food in the canoe . D) A hurricane was coming.
8. A) Itwasmemorable . C) It was fruitful.
B) It was unbearable. D) It was uneventful.
SectionB
Directions:Inthis section, you will hear two passages . At the end of each passage , you will hear three orfour questions . Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once . After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then markthe
corresponding letter on AnswerSheet1 with a single line through the centre .
Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
9. A) Itensurestheaccuracyoftheir arguments . C) It hurts laymen's dignity and self-esteem .
B) Itdiminisheslaymen'sinterestinscience. D) It makes their expressions more explicit.
10.A) They will see the complexity of science . C) They tend to disbelieve the actual science .
B) Theyfeel great respect towards scientists . D) They can learn to communicate with scientists.
11. A) Explain all the jargon terms . C) Find appropriate topics .
B) Doawaywithjargonterms . D) Stimulate their interest .
Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
12. A) There were oil deposits below a local gassy hill.
B) The erupting gas might endanger local children .
C) Therewas oiHeakage along the Gulf Coast .
D) Thelocalgassy hill might start a huge fire .
13. A) The massive gas underground . C) Their lack of suitable tools .
B) Theirlackoftheneededskill. D) The sand under the hill .
14. A) Itwasnotas effective as he claimed . C) It gave birth to the oil drilling industry .
B) It rendered many oil workers jobless . D) It was not popularized until years later .
15.A) It ruined the state's cotton and beef industries. C) It resulted in an oil surplus all over the world .
B) Ittotallydestroyedthestate's rural landscape. D) It radically transformed the state's economy .
SectionC
Directions:Inthissection, youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfour questions . The recordings will be played only once . After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingle line through the centre .
Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
16.A) Insufficient motivation .
B) Tough regulations .
17. A) Ineffective training .
B) Toxic company culture .
C) Unsuitable jobs .
D) Bad managers .
C)Overburdening of managers .
D) Lackofregular evaluation .
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18.A) Itwas based only on the perspective of employees.
B)Itprovided meaningful clues to solving the problem.
C) Itwas conducted from frontline managers' point of view.
D) Itcollected feedback from both employers and employees.
Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
19. A) Itisexpandingat an accelerating speed. C) It is yielding an unprecedented profit.
B) Itis bringing prosperity to the region. D) Itis seeing an automation revolution.
20. A) Itcreatesa lot of new jobs.
B)Itexhausts res<;mrces sooner.
C)Itcauses conflicts between employers and employees.
D) Itcallsfortheretraining of unskilled mining workers.
21. A) They will wait to see its effect. C) They accept it with reservations.
B) Theywelcomeit with open arms. D) They are strongly opposed to it.
Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.
22. A) They have experienced a gradual decline since the year of 2017.
B) Theirannualdeathrateis about twice that of the global average.
C)They kill more people than any infectious disease.
D) Their cost to the nation's economy is incalculable.
23. A) They are not as reliable as claimed.
B) Theyriseandfallfromyear to year.
C) They don't reflect the changes in individual countries.
D) They show a difference between rich and poor nations.
24. A) Manyof them are investing heavily in infrastructure.
B) Many of them have seen a decline in road-death rates.
C) Manyof them are following the example set by Thailand.
D) Many of them have increasing numbers of cars on the road.
25. A) Foster better driving behavior. C) Provide better training for drivers.
B) Abolishalloutdatedtraffic rules. D) Impose heavier penalties on speeding.
PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionA
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks . You are required to select one word for eachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage . Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorresponding
letterforeachitemon Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre . You may not use any of thewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Anewstudyhasdrawnableakpictureof cultural inclusiveness reflected in the children's literatureavailableinAustralia. Dr . Helen Adam from Edith Cowan University's School of Education 26 thecultural diversity of children's books. She examined the books 27 in the kindergarten rooms of fourday-'carecentersinWesternAustralia.Just 18 percent of 2,413 books in the total collection contained any28 of nonwhite people. Minority cultures were often featured in stereotypical or tokenistic ways, forexample, by29Asianculture with chopsticks and traditional dress. Characters that did represent a
minoritycultureusually had 30 roles in the books. The main characters were mostly Caucasian. Thiscausesconcernas it can lead to an impression that whiteness is of greater value.
Dr . Adamsaidchildrenformed impressions about 'difference' and identity from a very young age.Evidencehasshowntheydevelopown-race . 31 from as young as three months of age. The books we
sharewithyoungchildrencan be a valuable opportunity to develop children's understanding of themselvesand others. Books can also allow children to see diversity. They discover both similarities and differences betweenthemselvesandothers.This can help develop understanding, acceptance and of diversity.CensusdatahasshownAustralianscomefrommorethan 200countries. They speak over 300languages at home. Additionally, Australians belong to more than 100 different religious groups. They also work in more than 1, OOO different occupations. "Australia is a multicultural society. The current
33 promotion of white middle-class ideas and lifestyles risks 34children from minority groups.This can give white middle-class children a sense of 35 or privilege," Dr. Adam said.
A) alienating F) investigated K)' secondary
B) appreciation G) overwhelming L) superiority
C) biasH)portraying M) temperament
D) fraud I) representation N) tentative
E) housed · J) safeguarded 0) threshold
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it . Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which theinformationisderived . You may choose a paragraph more than once . Each paragraph is marked with aletter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
HowMarconiGaveUstheWirelessWorld
A) A hundred years before iconic figures like Bill Gates and Steve Jobs permeated our lives, an IrishItalian inventor laid the foundation of the communication explosion of the 21st century. GuglielmoMarconiwasarguablythefirst truly global figure in modern communication. Not only was he the firsttocommunicateglobally, hewasthefirsttothink globally about communication. Marconi may nothave been the greatest inventor of his time, but more than anyone else, he brought about afundamentalshiftin the way we communicate.
B) Today'sglobally networked media and conimunication system has its origins in the 19th century, when,forthefirst time, messages were sent electronically across great distances. The telegraph, the-telephone, and radio were the obvious predecessors of the-Internet, -iPotls, and-mobile phones. Whatmadethe link from then to now was the development of wireless communication. Marconi was the firsttodevelopandperfectthissystem, usingtherecently-discovered "airwaves" thatmakeuptheelectromagnetic spectrum.
C) Between 1896, when he applied for his first patent in England at the age of 22, and his death in Italyin 1937, Marconi was at the center of every major innovation in electronic communication. He wasalsoaskilled and sophisticated organizer, an entrepreneurial innovator, who mastered the use ofcorporatestrategy, media relations, government lobbying, international diplomacy, patents, andprosecution. Marconiwasreallyinterested in only one thing: the extension of mobile, personal, longdistancecommunicationto the ends of the earth (and beyond, if we can believe some reports) . Somelike to refer to him as a genius, but if there was any genius to Marconi it was this vision.
D) In 1901 he succeeded in signaling across the Atlantic, from the west coast of England to NewfoundlandintheUSA,despite the claims of science that it could not be done. In 1924 he convinced the Britishgovernmenttoencircletheworldwithachainof wireless stations using the latest technology that hehaddevised, shortwaveradio. Thereare some who say Marconi lost his edge when commercialbroadcastingcamealong;hedidn't see that radio could or should be used to frivolous(::JGJMJ(ID) ends.Inoneofhislastpublicspeeches, a radio broadcast to the United States in March 1937, he deploredthatbroadcasting had become a one-way means of communication and foresaw it moving in another
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direction, towardcommunicationasa means of exchange. That was visionary genius.
E) Marconi'scareerwasdevotedtomakingwirelesscommunicationhappencheaply, efficiently,smoothly, andwithan elegance that would appear to be intuitive and uncomplicated to the user-userfriendly, ifyouwill. There is a direct connection from Marconi to today's social media, searchengines, andprogramstreamingthat can best be summed up by an admittedly provocativeexclamation: the20th century did not exist. Ina sense, Marconi's vision jumped from his time to ourown.
F) Marconiinventedtheideaofglobalcommunication-or,more straightforwardly, globally networked,mobile, wireless communication. Initially, this was wireless Morse code telegraphy( 电报通讯） , theprincipalcommunicationtechnologyofhisday. Marconi was the first to develop a practical method forwirelesstelegraphyusingradiowaves. He borrowed technical details from many sources, but what sethimapartwasa self-confident vision of the power of communication technology on the one hand, and,ontheother, ofthestepsthat needed to be taken to consolidate his own position as a player in thatfield.Tracing Marconi's lifeline leads us into the story of modern communication itself. There wereotherimportant figures, but Marconi towered over them all in reach, power, and influence, as well asinthegriphehad on the popular imagination of his time. Marconi was quite simply the central figurein the emergence of a modern understanding of communication.
G) In his lifetime, Marconi foresaw the development of television and the fax machine, GPS, radar, andtheportablehand-held telephone. Two months before he died, newspapers were reporting that he wasworkingona "deathray," and that he had "killed a rat with an intricate device at a distance of threefeet."By then, anything Marconi said or did was newsworthy. Stock prices rose or sank according tohis pronouncements. IfMarconisaidhethoughtitmightrain, therewaslikelytobearunonumbrellas.
H) Marconi's biography is also a story about choices and the motivations behind them. At one level,Marconi could be fiercely autonomous and independent of the constraints of his own social class. Onanotherscale, hewas a perpetual outsider. Wherever he went, he was never "of" the group; he .wasalways the "other," considered foreign in Britain, British in Italy, and "not American" in the United States. Atthesametime,he also suffered tremendously from a need for acceptance that drove, andsometimesstained,every one of his relationships.
I) Marconiplaceda permanent stamp on the way we live. He was the first person to imagine a practicalapplicationforthewirelessspectrum, andtodevelop it successfully into a globalcommunicationsystem-in both terms of the word; that is, worldwide and all-inclusive. He was able to do this becauseofacombinationoffactors-mostimportant, timing and opportunity-but the single-mindedness anddeterminationwithwhichhecarriedouthis self-imposed mission was fundamentally character-based;millionsofMarconi'scontemporarieshad the same class, gender, race, and colonial privilege as he,but only a handful did anything with it. Marconi needed to achieve the goal that was set in his mind as anadolescent; bythe time he reached adulthood, he understood, intuitively, that in order to have animpacthehad to both develop an independent economic base and align himself with political power.Disciplined, uncriticalloyaltytopoliticalpowerbecamehiscompass. for the choices he had to make.
J) Atthesametime, Marconiwasuncompromisingly independent intellectually. Shortly after Marconi'sdeath, thenuclear physicist Enrico Fermi-soon to be the developer of the Manhattan Project-wrotethatMarconiprovedthattheory and experimentation were complementary features of progress."Experiencecanrarely, unlessguidedbyatheoreticalconcept, arriveatresultsofanygreat significance...on the other hand, an excessive ·trust in theoretical conviction would have prevented Marconi frompersistinginexperimentswhichweredestinedt0 bringaboutarevolutioninthetechniqueofradio-communications." Inotherwords, Marconihadtheadvantageofnotbeingburdenedby preconceived assumptions.
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K) Themostcontroversial aspect of Marconi's life-and the reason why there has been no satisfyingbiography of Marconi until now-was his uncritical embrace of Benito Mussolini . At first this was notproblematicforhim . But as the regressive ( fftliJH1g) nature of Mussolini's ·regime became clear, hebegantosufferacrisisofconscience. However, after a lifetime of moving within the circles of power,hewasunableto break with authority, and served Mussolini faithfully ( as president of Italy's nationalresearch council and royal academy, as well as a member of the Fascist Grand Council) until the day hedied-conveniently-in 1937, shortlybefore he would have had to take a stand in the conflict thatconsumed a world that he had, in part, created .
36. Marconi was central to our present-day understanding of communication .
37. As an adult, Marconi had an intuition that he had to be loyal to politicians in order to be influential .
38. Marconi disapproved of the use of wireless communication for commercial broadcasting .
39. Marconi's example demonstrates that theoretical concepts and experiments complement each other inmakingprogressin science and technology .
40. Marconi's real interest lay in the development of worldwide wireless communication:
41. Marconi spent his whole life making wireless communication simple to use .
42. Because of his long-time connection with people in power, Marconi was unable to cut himself off fromthefascist regime in Italy.
43. Inhis later years, Marconi exerted a tremendous influence on all aspects of people's life .
44. Whatconnected the 19th century and our present time was the development of wirelesscommunication .
45. Despite his autonomy, Marconi felt alienated and suffered from a lack of acceptance .
SectionC
Directions:Thereare2 passagesinthis section . Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements . For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should decide on the
bestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2 withasingleline through the centre .PassageOne
Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Humansarefascinated by the source of their failings and virtues . This preoccupation inevitably leads
toanolddebate: whethernature or nurture moulds us more . A revolution in genetics has poised this as a
modernpoliticalquestionaboutthecharacterof our society: personalities are hard-wired into our genes'
whatcangovernmentsdoto help us? It feels morally questionable, yet claims of genetic selection byintelligenceare making headlines .
Thisisdownto"hereditarian" （遗传论的) science and a recent paper claimed "differences in examperformance between pupils attending selective and non-selective schools mirror the genetic differencesbetweenthem". With such an assertion, the work was predictably greeted by a lot of absurd claims about"geneticsdeterminingacademicsuccess". What the research revealed was the rather less surprising result:theeducationalbenefits of selective schools largely disappear once pupils' inborn ability and socioeconomic background were taken into account . It is a glimpse of the blindingly obvious-and there's nothingtobackstronglyeitherahereditary or environmental argument.
Yet the paper does say children are "unintentionally genetically selected " by the school system .Centraltohereditarianscienceisatallclaim: that identifiable variations in genetic sequences can predictanindividual'saptness to learn, reason and solve problems . This is problematic on many levels. A teachercouldnotseriouslytellaparenttheirchildhasalow genetic tendency to study when external factorsclearlyexist . Unlike-minded academics say the inheritability of human traits is scientifically unsound . Atbest there is a weak statistical association and not a causal link between DNA and intelligence . Yet sophisticatedstatistics are used to create an intimidatory atmosphere of scientific certainty.
Whilethere'sanundoubtedgeneticbasistoindividualdifference, it is wrong to think that socially
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definedgroups can be genetically accounted for . The fixation on genes as destiny is surely false too .Medical predictability can rarely be based on DNA alone; the environment matters too . Something as complexasintellectislikelytobeaffected by many factors beyond genes . If hereditarians want to advancetheircauseitwillrequiremore balanced interpretation and not just acts. of advocacy .
Genetic selection is a way of exerting influence over others, "the ultimate collective control of humandestinies," as writer H . G . Wells put it. Knowledge becomes power and power requires a sense ofresponsibility . In understanding cognitive ability, we must not elevate discrimination to a science; allowing peopletoclimbtheladderoflifeonlyasfar as their cells might suggest . This will need a more scepticaleye on the science . As technology progresses, we all have a duty to make sure that we shape a future thatwewouldwant to find ourselves in.
46. What did a recent research paper claim?
A) Thetype of school students attend makes a difference to their future .
B) Genetic differences between students are far greater than supposed .
C)The advantages of selective schools are too obvious to ignore .
D) Students'academic performance is determined by their genes .
47. Whatdoes the author think of the recent research?
A) Itsresultwasquestionable. C) Its influence was rather negligible .
B) Itsimplicationwaspositive . D) Its conclusions were enlightening .
48.What does the author say about the relationship between DNA and intelligence?
A) It is one of scientific certainty . C) It is subject to interpretation of statistics .
B) It is not one of cause and effect . D) It is not fully examined by gene scientists.
49. What do hereditarians need to do to make their claims convincing?
A) Takeall relevant factors into account in interpreting their data .
B) Conduct their research using more sophisticated technology .
C) Gathergenedata from people of all social classes .
D) Cooperatewithsocial scientists in their research .
50. What does the author warn against in the passage?
A) Exaggeratingthepower of technology in shaping the world .
B) Losing sight of professional ethics in conducting research .
C) Misunderstanding the findings of human cognition research .
D) Promoting discrimination in the name of science .
PassageTwo
Questions51toSSarebasedonthefollowingpassage.
NicolaSturgeon'sspeechlastTuesday setting out the Scottish government's legislative programme fortheyearaheadconfirmedwhatwasalreadypretty clear . Scottish councils are set to be the first in the UKwiththepowertolevycharges on visitors, with Edinburgh likely to lead the way .
Touristtaxesarenotnew . The Himayalan kingdom of Bhutan has a longstanding policy of chargingvisitorsadailyfee . France's tax on overnight stays was introduced to assist thermalspa(温泉) towns todevelop, andaroundhalf of French local authorities use it today .
Butsuchleviesareontherise . Moves by Barcelona and Venice to deal with the phenomenon of"over-tourism" throughthe use of charges have recently gained prominence . Japan and Greece are amongthecountriestohave recently introduced tourist taxes .
That the UK lags behind is due to our weak, by international standards, local government, as well astheoppositiontotaxesandregulation of our aggressively pro-market ruling party . Some UK cities havelobbiedwithoutsuccessfor the power to levy a charge on visitors. Such levies are no universal remedy astheamountsraisedwouldbe tiny compared with what has been taken away by central government since
2010. Still, it is to be hoped that the Scottish government's bold move will prompt others to act . There is六级2021 6 月 7
noreasonwhyvisitorstotheUK, or domestic tourists on holiday in hotspots such as Cornwall, should beexempt from taxation-particularly when vital localservicesincludingwastecollection, parkmaintenance andartsandculturespending are under unprecedented strain .
On the contrary, compellingtouriststomakeafinancialcontributiontotheplacestheyvisitbeyond their personal consumption should be part of a wider cultural shift . Westerners with disposableincomes have often behaved as if they have a right to go wherever they choose with little regardforthe consequences . Just as the environmental harm caused by aviation and other transport must come underfar greaterscrutiny, thesocialcostoftourismmustalsobeconfronted . This includes the impact of short-term letsonhousingcostsandqualityoflifeforresidents . SeveralEuropeancapitals, includingParisand Berlin, areleadingacampaignfortougherregulationbytheEuropeanUnion . Italsoincludestheimpactof overcrowding, litter and the kinds of behaviour associatedwithnoisyparties .
Thereisno "onesizefitsall"solution to this problem . The existence of new revenue streams for somebutnotallcouncilsiscomplicated, and businesses are often opposed, fearing higher costs will make themuncompetitive . Butthoseplacesthatwantthemmustbegiventhechancetomaketourist taxes work .
51. What do we learn from Nicola Sturgeon's speech?
A) TheUKissettoadjustitspolicyon taxation .
B) Tourists will have to pay a tax to visit Scotland .
C) The UK will take new measures to boost tourism .
D) Edinburgh contributes most to Scotland's tourism .
52. HowcometheUKhasbeenslowinimposingthetouristtax?
A) Its government wants to attract more tourists .
B) The tax is unlikelytoaddmuchtoitsrevenue .
C) Its rulingpartyisopposedtotaxesandregulation.
D) Ittakestime for local governments to reach consensus .
53. BothinternationalanddomesticvisitorsintheUKshouldpaytouristtaxsoasto ____
A) elevate its tourism to international standards
B) improve the welfare of its maintenanceworkers
C) promoteitsculturalexchange with other nations
D) ease its financial burden ofprovidinglocalservices
54, What does the author sa-y about Western tourists?
A) Theydon't seem to care about the social cost of tourism .
B) Theydon'tseemto mind paying for additional services .
C)Theydeemtravelanimportantpartoftheirlife .
D) They subject the effects of tourism to scrutiny .
55. What are UK people's opinions aboutthelevyoftouristtax?
A) Supportive . B) Skeptical . C) Divided . D) Unclear .
PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)
Directions:Forthispart, youareallowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English . You
shouldwriteyouranswer on Answer Sheet 2 .
海南是仅次于台湾的中国第二大岛，是位于中国最南端的省份o海南岛，风景秀丽，气候宜人，阳光充足，气候多样，温泉密布,海水清澈貞大部分海滩几乎全年都是游泳和日光浴的理想场所,因而被誉为中国的四季花园和度假胜地,每年都吸引了大批中外游客o
海南1988年建省以来，旅游业,服务业，高新技术产业飞速发展,是中国唯一的省级经济特区，在中央政府和全国人民的大力支持下,海南将建成中国最大的自由贸易试验区o
