乐于分享
好东西不私藏

小升初常考知识点讲解及练习题可下载

小升初常考知识点讲解及练习题可下载

小升初常考知识点

通过网盘分享的文件:小考十个常考知识点.doc

链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1eB6ckn6ZoiECKwKCmrsOpA 提取码: kvsb

1、动词be(is,am,are)的用法

(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记

2.this,that和it用法

(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。

(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处)

That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处)

(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this,后说that。如:

This is apen.That is a pencil.这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。

(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…,不说That is…。如:

This is Helen.Helen,this is Tom.这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。

(5)This is不能缩写,而That is可以缩写。如:

This is a bike.Thats a car.这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。

(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this,询问对方用that。如:

-Hello!Is that Miss Green?喂,是格林小姐吗?

Yes,this is.Whos that?是的,我是,你是谁?

注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am…,Are you…?/Who are you?

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时,要用it代替this或that。如:

①-Is this a notebook?这是笔记本吗?

-Yes,it is.是的,它是。

②-Whats that?那是什么?

-Its a kite.是只风筝。

3.these和those用法

this,that,these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①This is my bed.That is Lilys bed.这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。

②These pictures are good.那些画很好。

③Are those apple trees?那些是苹果树吗?

在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:

④Are these/those your apples?这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?

Yes,they are.是的,他们是。

4.名词+’s所有格

单数名词后直接加“’s”:

Jims coat吉姆的外套Jeffs mother杰夫的妈妈

s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”

TeachersDay教师节the twinsbooks双胞胎的书

不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“’s”

Childrens Day儿童节mens shoes男式鞋

表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s

Lucy and Lilys mother露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)

表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s

Lucys and Kates rooms露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)

5.There be句型

(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词,be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记There be句型结构:

There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:

There is a book on the desk.

有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:

On the desk there is a book.

(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:

Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:

①There isa tree behind the house.

②There is some water in the bottle .

③There are some pears in the box.

(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:

①There is a book and some pens on the floor.

②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

6.like一词的用法

like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。

(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:

I like the baby very much.我非常喜欢这个小孩。

(2)后接动名词(v.-ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:

Tom likes playing football.汤姆喜欢踢足球。

(3)后接动词不定式(to do),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:

I like reading,but I like to watch TV this evening.我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。

7.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素

(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we,you→you,she,he,it→they。

如:She is a girl.→They are girls.

(2)am,is要变为are。如:

Im a student.→We are students.

(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:

He is a boy.→They are boys.

(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:

It is an apple.→They are apples.

(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:

This is a box.→These are boxes.

8.英语日期的表示法

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。

用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August2nd,2003(2003年8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(2003年5月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。

9.时间的表达法

(1)直读式,即直接读出时间数字

7:05 seven five 8:16 eight sixteen

(2)过、差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分。(以30分为分界线)

1:25 twenty-five past one 2:30 half past two

3:43 seventeen to four 4:38 twenty-two to five

(3)12小时制

6:00 a.m.上午6点 8:20 p.m.下午8点20分

(4)24小时制

13:00 13点钟      22:15  22点15分

(5)15分可用quarter

4:15 a quarter past four 5:45 a quarter to six

(6)时间前通常用at.

At 5 oclock    at 7:30 p.m.

10.want用法

(1)想干什么用want to do sth

They want to join the sports club.他们想加入运动俱乐部。

(2)第三人称单数作主语,want要作变化

①He wants to play basketball.

②Li Xia wants to play the piano.

(3)变疑问句,否定句要借助助动词do或does.

①-Do you want to play soccer ball?-Yes,Ido./No,I don’t.

②-Doe he want to go home by bus?-Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.

               练习题及答案

一、单项选择(15 题)

I ____ a student. You ____ a teacher.A. am; are B. is; are C. am; is

This ____ my pen, those ____ your pencils.A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are

—Is that a dog? —____A. Yes, that is. B. Yes, it is. C. No, it is.

These ____ my books and those ____ Lily’s.A. is; are B. are; are C. are; is

This is ____ room. They share one room.A. Lucy and Lily’s B. Lucy’s and Lily’s C. Lucy and Lily

There ____ some water in the bottle.A. is B. are C. am

There ____ a pen and two rulers on the desk.A. are B. is C. have

Tom likes ____ football after school.A. play B. playing C. to playing

She likes reading, but she likes ____ TV tonight.A. watch B. to watch C. watching

—What’s that? —____ a kite.A. That’s B. This is C. It’s

He is a boy. ____ are boys.A. Them B. They C. We

We have a class meeting ____ Monday.A. in B. on C. at

It’s 4:15. We can say ____.A. a quarter past four B. half past four C. a quarter to four

He ____ to play basketball after school.A. want B. wants C. wanting

—____ he want to go home? —Yes, he does.A. Do B. Does C. Is

二、用所给词的适当形式填空(10 题)

These are the ____ (child) toys.

These are their ____ (room).

There ____ (be) some apples on the tree.

I like ____ (dance), but I like ____ (sing) today.

These ____ (be) boxes.

____ (that) are Tom and Mike.

It’s the ____ (teacher) holiday.

He ____ (want) to join the music club.

It’s half past two. It’s 2:____ (30).

There ____ (be) two books and a pencilbox in my bag.

三、句型转换(题)

This is a notebook.(改为复数句)

There is a book on the desk.(改为否定句)

Tom likes playing football.(改为一般疑问句)

Lucy and Lily share one room.(用所有格改写)This is ________________ room.

I want to watch TV.(改为否定句)

三、参考答案

一、单项选择

1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A6.A 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.C11.B 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B

二、用所给词的适当形式填空

children’s

rooms

are

dancing; to sing

are

Those

teachers’

wants

thirty

are

三、句型转换

These are notebooks.

There isn’t a book on the desk.

Does Tom like playing football?

Lucy and Lily’s

I don’t want to watch TV.