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义务教育教科书（五·四学制） 英语 九年级
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YINGYU
JIU NIANJI
义务教育教科书（五·四学制）
英语
九年级
人民教育出版社
圣智学习出版公司 编著
山东教育出版社
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亲爱的同学：
你好！欢迎学习我们精心为你编写的这套英语教材，希望它能成为你初中阶段
英语学习的好帮手。
作为中学生的你，一定希望进一步提高你的英语运用能力——能阅读英语读
物，能看懂英语电影，能用英语跟外国人交流⋯⋯那么你需要怎样做呢？让我们给
你一些建议吧。
● 首先要有信心，相信自己一定能学好英语。其次还要有热情，积极参与语言
实践。教材中设计了各种各样的练习活动，目的就是帮助你培养英语表达能力。只
要你带着热情去练习、去实践，你就会感受到成功的喜悦。
● 要养成良好的英语学习习惯，多听、多说、多读、多写。听的时候除了捕
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大胆地说，不要怕犯错误。要养成爱读英文的习惯，因为阅读是获取信息的主要渠
道。写能够巩固和强化你的语言知识，所以你还要重视写。
● 你是否发现，英语是有规律可循的？语音与拼法之间是有联系的。看到新单
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某个单词的发音你就能比较容易地拼写出这个单词。所以，学英语一定要善于发现
规律。教材中的拼读规则练习你可不要忽视啊。
● 词汇学习非常重要，没有词汇的积累就无法进行言语表达。学单词时，要知
道它的意义，观察它的拼写，看它由哪些字母组成，试着按规则拼读出来，更重要
的是要看它是怎样使用的。
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录中的语法说明外，你还要尝试自己归纳语法规则。但是，只知道语法规则是远远
不够的，只有在听说读写中练习运用这些规则，才能真正掌握语法。
● 学习语言离不开学习文化。从教材中你可以看到，不同国家的人们有着不同
的生活方式和行为习惯，有着不同的文化成就和遗产。了解中外文化知识会开阔你
的视野，会提高你跟外国人交际的能力。
● 英语学习不仅仅限于课堂，也不仅仅限于教材。如果你能把电视、报刊、图
书、互联网都当做英语学习的渠道，你的英语世界将是多么丰富多彩啊！
● 学习英语是一项艰辛的劳动，是与无数困难作斗争的过程，这好比攀登险
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祝你在英语学习中不断取得进步！
编 者Contents
Units Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
Inventions Talk about the history Passive voice (past tense) When was the zipper invented? style, project, pleasure, website, invention, TV, car, telephone,
➊
of inventions It was invented in 1893. pioneer, ruler, smell, doubt, special, ice-cream, shoes, tea,
When was it Who was it invented by? fridge, earthquake, biscuit, cookie, century, country, potato chip,
invented? history, mistake, basketball, idea
It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. instrument, customer, basket, hero
invent, discover, create
Page 1 What is the hot ice-cream scoop used list, mention, boil, translate, lock,
for? divide popular, sweet
It’s used for serving really cold
It is said that ...
daily, low, sour
ice-cream.
It is believed that ...
by accident, take place, without
doubt, all of a sudden, by mistake,
divide ... into, look up to, not only ...
but also
Rules Talk about what you Should + be allowed to I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should license, safety, field, hug, poem, parent, decision, rule, test
➋
are allowed to do be allowed to drive. community, chance, society, choice
drive, choose, work, agree, disagree,
Teenagers I agree. They aren’t serious enough.
Agree and disagree smoke, cry, lift, regret, manage, decide
should be
Teenagers should not be allowed to
educate, enter, support young, silly, serious, old, strict,
allowed to have part-time jobs.
worried
choose their I disagree. They can learn a lot from tiny, awful
take photos, move out, take care of,
own clothes. working.
talk back, keep ... away from, make
look after, care about
one’s own decision, get in the way
Page 9
Adverbial clauses with when
of
Mysteries Make inferences Must, might, could and can’t for making Whose volleyball is this? truck, rabbit, picnic, noise, volleyball, magazine, book, CD,
➌
inferences It must be Carla’s. She loves volleyball. policeman, wolf, laboratory, coat, toy, music, schoolbag, idea
It must belong
Whose hair band is this? suit, circle, leader, purpose, energy, remember, believe, think, agree
to Carla.
It could be Mei’s hair band. Or it position, victory, enemy, period
favorite, unusual, strange, special,
might belong to Linda. They both
Page 17 attend, express, receive, prevent nervous, worried
have long hair.
valuable, pink, sleepy, medical thousands of
What did you see that night?
Adverbial clauses with but, however
I’m not sure, but it can’t be a dog. whose, anybody
and as
run after, at the same time
IIUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
Inventions Talk about the history Passive voice (past tense) When was the zipper invented? style, project, pleasure, website, invention, TV, car, telephone,
➊
of inventions It was invented in 1893. pioneer, ruler, smell, doubt, special, ice-cream, shoes, tea,
When was it Who was it invented by? fridge, earthquake, biscuit, cookie, century, country, potato chip,
invented? history, mistake, basketball, idea
It was invented by Whitcomb Judson. instrument, customer, basket, hero
invent, discover, create
Page 1 What is the hot ice-cream scoop used list, mention, boil, translate, lock,
for? divide popular, sweet
It’s used for serving really cold
It is said that ...
daily, low, sour
ice-cream.
It is believed that ...
by accident, take place, without
doubt, all of a sudden, by mistake,
divide ... into, look up to, not only ...
but also
Rules Talk about what you Should + be allowed to I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should license, safety, field, hug, poem, parent, decision, rule, test
➋
are allowed to do be allowed to drive. community, chance, society, choice
drive, choose, work, agree, disagree,
Teenagers I agree. They aren’t serious enough.
Agree and disagree smoke, cry, lift, regret, manage, decide
should be
Teenagers should not be allowed to
educate, enter, support young, silly, serious, old, strict,
allowed to have part-time jobs.
worried
choose their I disagree. They can learn a lot from tiny, awful
take photos, move out, take care of,
own clothes. working.
talk back, keep ... away from, make
look after, care about
one’s own decision, get in the way
Page 9
Adverbial clauses with when
of
Mysteries Make inferences Must, might, could and can’t for making Whose volleyball is this? truck, rabbit, picnic, noise, volleyball, magazine, book, CD,
➌
inferences It must be Carla’s. She loves volleyball. policeman, wolf, laboratory, coat, toy, music, schoolbag, idea
It must belong
Whose hair band is this? suit, circle, leader, purpose, energy, remember, believe, think, agree
to Carla.
It could be Mei’s hair band. Or it position, victory, enemy, period
favorite, unusual, strange, special,
might belong to Linda. They both
Page 17 attend, express, receive, prevent nervous, worried
have long hair.
valuable, pink, sleepy, medical thousands of
What did you see that night?
Adverbial clauses with but, however
I’m not sure, but it can’t be a dog. whose, anybody
and as
run after, at the same time
III
Page PBUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
Music and movies Express preferences Relative clauses with that, who and What kind of music do you like? case, war, director, dialog, pain, dance, sing, relax, laugh, enjoy, like,
➍
which I love music that/which I can sing pity, total, master, wound love, record
I like music along with.
prefer, suppose, stick, shut, sense, loud, quiet, slow, funny,
that I can
What kind of movies do you like? serious, tired, sad, exciting, scary,
reflect, perform, praise
dance to. I prefer movies that/which give me happy, comfortable, sweet, salty,
something to think about. electronic, smooth, spare, down interesting, beautiful, favorite
Page 25
What kind of musicians does Carmen in that case, stick to, plenty of, shut don’t mind, feel like, cheer up
like? off, once in a while, in total
not ... anymore, in time,
She likes musicians who play different
not only ... but also
kinds of music.
Customs Talk about customs Supposed to + infinitive What are you supposed to do when capital, noon, passport, chalk, meet, wear, arrive
➎
and what you are you meet someone for the first time? blackboard, coast, season, manner,
Expected to + infinitive late, polite, impolite, important,
You’re supposed to do You’re supposed to shake hands. granddaughter, suggestion strange
It is + adj. + infinitive
supposed to
Am I supposed to wear jeans?
kiss, greet, value, knock, exchange, shake hands, on time, make friends,
shake hands. No, you’re expected to wear a suit
behave to one’s surprise, be used to
and tie.
Page 33 mad, northern, eastern, worth, Should for advice
Is it important to be on time?
empty, basic If clauses
Yes, it’s important to be on time.
except Passive voice
drop by, after all, get mad, make an Adverbial clauses
effort, clean ... off, take off, go out
of one’s way, make ... feel at home,
get used to
Feelings Talk about how things Make + sb. + infinitive without to The loud music makes me nervous. friendship, king, queen, palace, rainy, cloudy, sad, soft, relaxed,
➏
affect you power, wealth, lemon, weight, loud, nervous, sleepy, mad,
Make + sb. + adj. Money and fame don’t always make
Sad movies people happy. shoulder, goal, coach, courage, unhappy, worried, angry, lucky
make me cry.
agreement in common, even though
She said that the sad movie made her
Page 41 cry. examine, kick, pull, nod, disappoint Passive voice
pale, grey
drive sb. crazy, the more ... the more,
be friends with, leave out,
neither ... nor, to start with,
let ... down, kick sb. off, pull together
IVUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
Music and movies Express preferences Relative clauses with that, who and What kind of music do you like? case, war, director, dialog, pain, dance, sing, relax, laugh, enjoy, like,
➍
which I love music that/which I can sing pity, total, master, wound love, record
I like music along with.
prefer, suppose, stick, shut, sense, loud, quiet, slow, funny,
that I can
What kind of movies do you like? serious, tired, sad, exciting, scary,
reflect, perform, praise
dance to. I prefer movies that/which give me happy, comfortable, sweet, salty,
something to think about. electronic, smooth, spare, down interesting, beautiful, favorite
Page 25
What kind of musicians does Carmen in that case, stick to, plenty of, shut don’t mind, feel like, cheer up
like? off, once in a while, in total
not ... anymore, in time,
She likes musicians who play different
not only ... but also
kinds of music.
Customs Talk about customs Supposed to + infinitive What are you supposed to do when capital, noon, passport, chalk, meet, wear, arrive
➎
and what you are you meet someone for the first time? blackboard, coast, season, manner,
Expected to + infinitive late, polite, impolite, important,
You’re supposed to do You’re supposed to shake hands. granddaughter, suggestion strange
It is + adj. + infinitive
supposed to
Am I supposed to wear jeans?
kiss, greet, value, knock, exchange, shake hands, on time, make friends,
shake hands. No, you’re expected to wear a suit
behave to one’s surprise, be used to
and tie.
Page 33 mad, northern, eastern, worth, Should for advice
Is it important to be on time?
empty, basic If clauses
Yes, it’s important to be on time.
except Passive voice
drop by, after all, get mad, make an Adverbial clauses
effort, clean ... off, take off, go out
of one’s way, make ... feel at home,
get used to
Feelings Talk about how things Make + sb. + infinitive without to The loud music makes me nervous. friendship, king, queen, palace, rainy, cloudy, sad, soft, relaxed,
➏
affect you power, wealth, lemon, weight, loud, nervous, sleepy, mad,
Make + sb. + adj. Money and fame don’t always make
Sad movies people happy. shoulder, goal, coach, courage, unhappy, worried, angry, lucky
make me cry.
agreement in common, even though
She said that the sad movie made her
Page 41 cry. examine, kick, pull, nod, disappoint Passive voice
pale, grey
drive sb. crazy, the more ... the more,
be friends with, leave out,
neither ... nor, to start with,
let ... down, kick sb. off, pull together
V
Page PBUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
Unexpected events Narrate past events Past perfect tense When I got to school, I realized that I backpack, block, worker, airport, bus, shower, key, clock, plane, bus
➐
had left my backpack at home. fool, cream, pie, bean, market, stop, earthquake, joke
Review of key structures
Life is full of
By the time I got back to school, the discovery, lady, officer wake up, brush one’s teeth, wash
the unexpected.
bell had rung. one’s face, miss, go off, get dressed,
oversleep, burn, cancel, disappear
get up late, stay up, put on
Page 49 Before I got to the bus stop, the bus
unexpected, alive, west,
had already left. Simple past tense
embarrassed, believable,
As I was waiting in line with the other embarrassing Adverbial clauses
office workers, I heard a loud sound.
above, till
give ... a lift, show up, sell out
Protecting the Talk about pollution Review of key structures We’re trying to save the earth. bottom, fisherman, coal, advantage, clean up, take the bus/subway, ride
➑
environment and environmental industry, law, gate, bottle, president, a bike, cut down, set up
The river used to be so clean.
We’re trying to protection work, metal Present progressive tense
The air is badly polluted.
save the earth!
litter, cost, afford, recycle Present perfect tense
No scientific studies have shown that
Page 57
shark fins are good for health. ugly, wooden, plastic, cruel, Passive voice
harmful
take part in, turn off, pay for, throw
away, put sth. to good use, pull ...
down
Living healthily Talk about what is Infinitives Exercising helps teenagers to stay behavior, effect, amount, figure exam, problem, junk food,
➒
important to you healthy. teenager, coffee
teenage, regular, average
It’s important
Compare habits and I think it’s also important to spend enough, important, necessary,
to have good talk over, get through
behaviors time with friends. healthy
habits.
spend
Page 65
Infinitives
VIUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
Unexpected events Narrate past events Past perfect tense When I got to school, I realized that I backpack, block, worker, airport, bus, shower, key, clock, plane, bus
➐
had left my backpack at home. fool, cream, pie, bean, market, stop, earthquake, joke
Review of key structures
Life is full of
By the time I got back to school, the discovery, lady, officer wake up, brush one’s teeth, wash
the unexpected.
bell had rung. one’s face, miss, go off, get dressed,
oversleep, burn, cancel, disappear
get up late, stay up, put on
Page 49 Before I got to the bus stop, the bus
unexpected, alive, west,
had already left. Simple past tense
embarrassed, believable,
As I was waiting in line with the other embarrassing Adverbial clauses
office workers, I heard a loud sound.
above, till
give ... a lift, show up, sell out
Protecting the Talk about pollution Review of key structures We’re trying to save the earth. bottom, fisherman, coal, advantage, clean up, take the bus/subway, ride
➑
environment and environmental industry, law, gate, bottle, president, a bike, cut down, set up
The river used to be so clean.
We’re trying to protection work, metal Present progressive tense
The air is badly polluted.
save the earth!
litter, cost, afford, recycle Present perfect tense
No scientific studies have shown that
Page 57
shark fins are good for health. ugly, wooden, plastic, cruel, Passive voice
harmful
take part in, turn off, pay for, throw
away, put sth. to good use, pull ...
down
Living healthily Talk about what is Infinitives Exercising helps teenagers to stay behavior, effect, amount, figure exam, problem, junk food,
➒
important to you healthy. teenager, coffee
teenage, regular, average
It’s important
Compare habits and I think it’s also important to spend enough, important, necessary,
to have good talk over, get through
behaviors time with friends. healthy
habits.
spend
Page 65
Infinitives
VII
Page PBUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
School days Share past memories Review of key structures I think that I’ll have to study much survey, standard, row, keyboard, no matter, full of, deal with, be
➓
and experiences harder for exams. instruction, text, level, degree, proud of, give up, grow up, work
I remember Look ahead to the I’m going to join the school volleyball manager, gentleman, task, wing out
meeting all of
future team. Objective clauses
double, shall, overcome,
you in Grade 6.
I remember being a volunteer. congratulate Be going to
Page 73 I’m looking forward to going to senior caring, senior, thirsty, thankful,
high school.
separate, lastly, ahead
in a row, make a mess, keep one’s
cool, senior high (school), believe
in, first of all, be thirsty for, ahead of,
separate from, set out
Page 81 Notes on the Text
Page 95 Tapescripts
Page 107 Grammar
Page 109 Words and Expressions in Each Unit
Page 119 Vocabulary Index
Page 128 Irregular Verbs
VIIIUnits Topics Functions Structures Target Language Vocabulary Recycling
School days Share past memories Review of key structures I think that I’ll have to study much survey, standard, row, keyboard, no matter, full of, deal with, be
➓
and experiences harder for exams. instruction, text, level, degree, proud of, give up, grow up, work
I remember Look ahead to the I’m going to join the school volleyball manager, gentleman, task, wing out
meeting all of
future team. Objective clauses
double, shall, overcome,
you in Grade 6.
I remember being a volunteer. congratulate Be going to
Page 73 I’m looking forward to going to senior caring, senior, thirsty, thankful,
high school.
separate, lastly, ahead
in a row, make a mess, keep one’s
cool, senior high (school), believe
in, first of all, be thirsty for, ahead of,
separate from, set out
Page 81 Notes on the Text
Page 95 Tapescripts
Page 107 Grammar
Page 109 Words and Expressions in Each Unit
Page 119 Vocabulary Index
Page 128 Irregular Verbs
IX
Page PBU 1
NIT
Section
A When was it invented?
1a Look at the things below. In what order do you
think they were invented? Discuss them with your
Language Goal:
group. Then number them [1–4] (1 = first, 4 = last).
Talk about the
history of
inventions
A: I think the TV was
invented before the
car.
B: Well, I think the TV
was invented after
the car.
1b Listen and match the inventions with the years.
b c
a
1876
d
1885
1927
1971
1c Student B, cover the dates. Student A, ask A: When was the
Student B when the things in the picture in telephone invented?
1b were invented. Then change roles and B: I think it was invented
practice again. in 1876.
1
Page PBUNIT 1
2a Listen and number the inventions [1–3] in the order you hear them.
hot
ice-cream
shoes
shoes scoop,
with special
with lights runs on
heels
electricity
2b Listen again and complete the chart below.
Invention What is it / are they used for?
shoes with special heels the style of the shoes
shoes with lights seeing
hot ice-cream scoop really cold ice-cream
2c Make conversations using the A: What are they used for?
information in 2b. B: They’re used for ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Paul: Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is
“Small inventions that changed the world”. Can
you help me think of an invention?
Roy: With pleasure! Let me think ... hmm ... I know!
The zipper!
Paul: The zipper? Is it really such a great invention?
Roy: Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on
dresses, trousers, shoes, bags ... almost everywhere!
Paul: Well, you do seem to have a point ...
Roy: Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The
pioneers of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned
that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that
time, it wasn’t used widely.
Paul: Really? So when did it become popular?
Roy: Around 1917.
2When was it invented? UNIT 1
3a Read the passage
Paragraph 1 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
quickly and match
Paragraph 2 How tea spread to other countries
each paragraph with
Paragraph 3 How tea was invented by accident
its main idea.
An Accidental Invention
Did you know that tea, the most popular drink in the world (after water), was
invented by accident? Many people believe that tea was first drunk about 5,000
years ago. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover
tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire.
Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.
It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious, and
so, one of the world’s favorite drinks was invented.
A few thousand years later, Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”,
mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book
describes how tea plants were grown and used to make
tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were
produced and what kinds of water were used.
It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan
during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t
appear until around 1660, but in less than 100 years,
it had become the national drink. The tea trade from
China to Western countries took place in the 19th century. This helped to spread
the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even
though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese are without doubt
the ones who best understand the nature of tea.
1. When was tea first drunk?
3b Read the passage again 2. How was tea invented?
and answer the questions. 3. Who is called “the saint of tea”?
4. What is Cha Jing about?
5. When was tea brought to other countries?
3c Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
invent 1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was by accident.
drink 2. Tea was first by Shen Nong about 5,000 years ago.
bring 3. A nice smell was when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
produce 4. Tea was to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
trade 5. Tea is now between many different countries.
3
Page PBUNIT 1
Grammar
Focus
When was the zipper invented? It was invented in 1893.
Who was it invented by? It was invented by Whitcomb Judson.
It was brought to Korea during the 6th
When was tea brought to Korea?
and 7th centuries.
What is the hot ice-cream scoop used for? It’s used for serving really cold ice-cream.
Active Voice: Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876.
Passive Voice: The telephone was invented (by Alexander Graham Bell) in 1876.
4a Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
The fridge was sold at a low price.
2. Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room.
3. Where did you take these photos?
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
1. You to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go?
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers
eat lock to a safe place.
like ring 3. The door when we arrived, so we the bell.
invite break 4. The students not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby
tell bring the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and
they really them.
4c Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences.
Write the correct forms in the blanks.
The telephone (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He
(born) in 1847. Mr. Bell (work) on the invention of the telephone
with Thomas Watson. In 1875, Mr. Bell (learn) how to send
musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone
(invent) in 1876. The first sentence that (say) on the
telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today
the telephone (use) around the world.
4When was it invented? UNIT 1
1a The words in the box describe how food can taste.
Section
Write them under the correct pictures. Some
pictures have more than one word.
B
sweet crispy
crispy
salty sour
1b Write the name of a different food after each word.
sweet banana crispy salty sour
1c Listen and circle T for true or F for false.
1. Potato chips were invented by mistake. T F
2. They were invented in 1863. T F
3. The customer thought the potatoes were not
thin enough. T F
4. The customer said they were not salty enough. T F
5. George wanted to make the customer happy. T F
6. The customer was happy in the end. T F
1d Listen again. Complete the sentences.
The History of Potato Chips
Do you know how potato chips were invented? Potato chips
by a cook called George Crum. They were invented in .
George Crum cut the potatoes really, really and then cooked
them for a long time until they were . Finally he put lots of
salt on them so they were .
A: Did you know potato chips
1e Make a conversation about the were invented by mistake?
invention of potato chips. Use the B: Wow, I didn’t know that.
information in 1c and 1d. Who invented them?
A: ...
5
Page PBUNIT 1
2a Do you like basketball? Do you watch basketball games? How much do
you know about this sport? Discuss the sport with your partner and
share your ideas with the class.
2b Read the passage quickly. What is the main idea of each paragraph?
MIND-MAPPING
Changing the information you
read into a mind map may
Do You Know When Basketball
help you remember it more
Was Invented?
easily.
Basketball is a much-loved and active sport
that is enjoyed by many for fun and exercise. It is over 100 years old and is played by
more than 100 million people in over 200 countries. It is believed that the first basketball
game in history was played on December 21, 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an
event at the Olympics.
Basketball was invented by a Canadian doctor named James Naismith, who was
born in 1861. When he was a college teacher, he was asked to think of a game that
could be played in the winter. Dr. Naismith created a game to be played inside on
a hard floor. Dr. Naismith divided the men in his class into two teams and taught
them to play his new game. Players on the same team must work together to get the
ball in the other team’s basket. At the same time, they need to stop the competing
team from getting the ball into their own basket.
Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many young
people dreaming of becoming famous players. In China, you can sometimes see
people playing basketball in parks, schools and
even factories. Basketball has not only become
a popular sport to play, but it has also become a
popular sport to watch. Although America’s NBA
games are the most famous, the CBA games are
becoming more popular in China. The number of
foreign players, including Chinese players, in the
NBA has increased. There are also more and more
foreign players in the CBA. Many young people
look up to these basketball heroes and want to
become like them. These stars encourage young
people to work hard to achieve their dreams.
6When was it invented? UNIT 1
2c Complete the mind map with the information in the passage. What else
can you add to the mind map?
Game Development
• played inside on a hard • invented by
• first game on
• teams • became Olympic event in
• get in the year
into other team’s
Popularity • most famous games:
• popular games in China:
• played by people
• over countries
2d Use the mind map to summarize what you and your partner remember
about the development of basketball. Use the following questions to
help you.
1. Who invented basketball and how is it played?
2. When was the first basketball game in history played?
3. Why were the Berlin Olympics important for basketball?
4. What are the professional basketball groups in America and China?
5. How popular is basketball?
2e What do you think of famous basketball players? Make a list of good
and difficult things about being a famous basketball player.
3a Think of something that you do not like to do. Then think of an
invention that could help you. Make notes.
Problem: quickly taking notes in class
New invention: a special pen
What it is used for:
7
Page PBUNIT 1
3b Imagine you are a business person. Write a description of your new
invention. Try to sell the invention to the class.
This special pen was invented by Liu Jie. It has
three colors and is used for ...
Self Check
1 Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in
the box.
invent doubt mention website all of a sudden
It is often difficult to decide on the inventor of certain inventions.
This is because sometimes a few people may things
which are nearly the same. It’s hard to tell who came up with
the idea first. Some inventions can also lead to other inventions
. So some people whether the inventor
came up with the idea himself or herself. They think that the
inventor used someone else’s idea to create his or her invention.
That is why books or usually more than
one inventor when giving information about inventions.
2 Rewrite these sentences using the passive voice.
1. Someone stole my watch.
2. They used five eggs to make this big cake.
3. When did they invent the personal computer?
4. They asked us not to run in the hallway.
5. Someone took the video back to the store.
3 Find out information about an invention you would like to
know more about and write sentences below.
Invention:
When:
Who:
Purpose:
8U 2
NIT
Section
A Teenagers should be allowed
to choose their own clothes.
Language Goals:
1a Read the statements below. Circle A for agree or
Talk about what
D for disagree.
you are allowed
to do;
Agree and
disagree
No way!
I don’t think
sixteen-year-olds
should be
allowed to drive.
Can I go to I’m worried about
the shopping your safety.
center with John?
He just got
his driver’s
license.
1. Teenagers should not be allowed to smoke. A D
2. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive. A D
3. Students should not be allowed to have part-time jobs. A D
4. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. A D
5. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. A D
1b Listen and circle T for true or F for false.
1. Anna can go to the shopping center by bus. T F
2. Anna wants to get her ears pierced. T F
3. Anna wants to choose her own clothes. T F
A: I don’t think sixteen-year-olds
1c Look at the statements in 1a and should be allowed to drive.
make conversations. B: I agree. They aren’t serious
enough.
9
Page PBUNIT 2
2a What does Molly think of Kathy’s
statements? Listen and circle A for
Agree, D for Disagree or DK for Don’t
Know.
Kathy Molly
1. Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to work at night. A D DK
2. Larry shouldn’t work every night. A D DK
3. He should cut his hair. A D DK
4. He should stop wearing that silly earring. A D DK
5. He doesn’t seem to have many friends. A D DK
2b Listen again. What are It looks cool.
Kathy’s and Molly’s Young people need to sleep.
He needs to spend time with friends.
reasons? Number their
He needs time to do homework.
reasons in the correct
It doesn’t look clean.
order.
2c Make a list of things teenagers
should and should not be allowed A: Do you think teenagers should ...?
to do. Discuss your list with your B: Yes, I ... / No, I ...
partner.
2d Role-play the conversation.
Sandy: I’m really excited about seeing the famous paintings by Picasso.
Wu Lan: Me, too! I’m glad Mr. Smith chose the art museum for our school trip
this year.
Sandy: I’m going to bring my new camera to take lots of photos!
Wu Lan: Oh, no. Mr. Smith says we must not take photos. It’s not allowed in the
museum.
Sandy: That’s too bad! Do you think we may be allowed to take photos if we
don’t use a flash?
Wu Lan: Hmm ... I think they just want to
protect the paintings. So if you don’t
use a flash, then it may be OK.
Sandy: Yeah. I think we should be allowed
to do that. I’ll bring my camera
anyway.
10Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. UNIT 2
3a Read the poem aloud and discuss what the title means with your partner.
Mom Knows Best
When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by my side.
When I was tired and hungry, she gave me food and warm arms to sleep in.
When I was two running through the field, she made sure I was safe and kept me from
danger.
When I fell and hurt myself, she gave me a hug and lifted me up.
When I was seven coughing badly, she said no ice-cream for me.
But I talked back loudly, “I should be allowed to eat some! Give it to me now!”
When I was nine watching scary movies, she said it’d give me awful dreams.
But I shouted back angrily, “I should be allowed to watch it! I’m not a baby!”
When I was a teen going out with friends, she said, “Please be
back by ten!”
But I talked back again — “I should not be told what to do!
I’m seventeen now!”
Now I’m an adult, thinking back to those times.
I coughed for days after eating that ice-cream
And had scary dreams after watching that film.
I was late for school from staying out past ten.
I regret talking back, not listening to Mom.
Mom knows best, and for me she wanted only the best!
3b Read the poem again and answer the questions.
1. What did the mom do when the writer was a baby and a small child?
2. Why do you think the writer talked back to his mom when he was seven and
nine years old?
3. How did the writer feel when he was a teenager and his mom said “Please be
back by ten”?
4. After reading the whole poem, how do you think the writer feels about his mom?
3c Think about a time you did something even though your mom or dad
told you not to do it. Share your story with your partner.
11
Page PBUNIT 2
Grammar
Focus
I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be I agree. They aren’t serious enough.
allowed to drive.
Do you think teenagers should be No, I don’t agree with this. Teenagers are
encouraged to make their own decisions? too young to make their own decisions.
Teenagers should not be allowed to have I disagree. They can learn a lot from
part-time jobs. working.
Do you think we may be allowed to take If you don’t use a flash, then it may be
photos if we don’t use a flash? OK.
4a Rewrite the sentences according to the example.
1. You must clean your bedroom every day.
Your bedroom must be cleaned every day .
2. Parents should encourage teenagers to do social work for their community.
Teenagers .
3. Can Lucy do her homework tomorrow instead?
Can ?
4. Do you think we must keep teenagers away from the Internet?
Do you think teenagers ?
5. Parents should give teenagers chances to make their own decisions.
Teenagers .
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Should teenagers (ask) to move out when they start working? In many
Western countries, teenagers (allow) to move out at eighteen. Their
parents believe that they should (educate) to take care of themselves
from a young age. This way, when they (start) working they can manage
their own lives. However, in most Asian societies, it is not common for teenagers
to (move) out. Chinese parents believe that it is better for children to
live with parents who can (take) care of them. But the young should
then look after their parents as they get older. That is why many Chinese adults
(continue) to live with their parents.
4c You and your friend are starting an A: Members should be allowed
English club. Make a list of rules to use dictionaries.
about what should and should not be B: Yes, but they should only use
allowed. English-English dictionaries.
12Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. UNIT 2
1a Read the questions. How often do you do these
Section
things? Write A for always, U for usually, S for
sometimes and N for never. Then talk with a partner
B
about other things you do.
Do you ever ...
1. get to class late?
2. study with friends?
3. finish a test early?
4. worry about failing a test?
5. ...
A: Do you ever get to class late?
1b Talk about your answers in 1a.
B: Yes, I sometimes get to class late.
1c Listen and circle the things in 1a that Peter talks about.
1d Listen again. Match these sentence parts.
1. Peter is going to ... c a. take the test.
2. He isn’t allowed to ... b. pass the test.
3. Peter wasn’t allowed to ... c. fail a math test.
4. He could ... d. take the test later.
5. He should be allowed to ... e. get to class late.
1e Read the statements. Then discuss them with your group.
1. Peter should be allowed to take the test later. A: I think Peter should ...
2. Students need strict rules. B: I don’t agree.
3. Parents should not be too strict with teenagers. C: I think ...
13
Page PBUNIT 2
2a Discuss the questions
Are you allowed to make your own decisions
in your groups.
at home? What kinds of decisions?
2b First, look at the title of the passage. Answer “yes” or “no”. Find out
how many in your group agree with you. Then read the passage. Does
your answer change?
LEARNING ACTIVELY
When you learn any new
language, actively use it in
Should I Be Allowed to Make
new sentences of your own.
My Own Decisions?
Many teenagers have hobbies. But sometimes these can get in the way of their
schoolwork, and parents might worry about their success at school. Teenagers
often think they should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want.
Do you agree?
Liu Yu, a fifteen-year-old boy from Shandong, is
a running star. He is on his school team and has
always wanted to be a professional runner when
he grows up. However, his parents won’t allow
him to train so much. “Of course we want to
see him achieve his dreams,” says Mr. Liu. “And
we know how much he loves running. My wife
and I have supported every one of his races. We
have nothing against running! But we think our
son needs to think about other possible jobs. He’s getting older now, so he needs
to think about what will happen if he doesn’t end up as a professional runner.”
Liu Yu doesn’t really agree. “Well, I think I should be allowed to decide for myself,”
he says. “My parents have always taught me how important it is to work hard at
school and enter university. I understand this, but I’m serious about running. It’s
the only thing I’ve ever wanted to do.”
His parents believe that Liu Yu should study hard in the evenings so they don’t
allow him to practice running at night. “Maybe he thinks it’s too strict or unfair,”
says Mrs. Liu. “But we think we’re doing the right thing. He needs to spend more
time on his homework because it is difficult to become a professional sports star.”
But Liu Yu still disagrees. “I know my parents care about me. They always talk
about what will happen if I don’t succeed. But I will! I’m a quick runner! I think
I should be allowed to make this choice myself. Only then will I have a chance to
achieve my dream.”
14Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. UNIT 2
2c Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. What is Liu Yu’s hobby?
2. What does Liu Yu want to be when he grows up?
3. Why do Liu Yu’s parents not allow Liu Yu to practice his hobby at
night?
4. Do you think Liu Yu should be allowed to practice his hobby as
much as he wants? Why or why not?
2d Look in the passage for the words in bold. Then use them to complete
sentences of your own.
1. My parents worry about .
2. My parents have always taught me how important it is to
.
3. I am serious about .
4. I think it is unfair .
5. I have always wanted to be .
6. My parents have nothing against .
7. I need to think about what will happen if .
8. I need to spend more time on .
2e Discuss the questions with a partner. Use the information in the
passage to support your opinion.
What is your dream job? Do your parents support your dream?
3a With a partner, discuss some rules at home that you agree or disagree
with. Make some notes in the chart.
Why you agree or How you think the rule
Rule
disagree with it should be changed
can’t play computer games
can’t watch TV
15
Page PBUNIT 2
3b Write a diary entry explaining which rule(s) you do not agree with at
home and how you think the rule(s) should be changed.
Use the following expressions to help you:
● I do not agree with ...
● I think I should be allowed to ...
● I would like to ...
● I could ... if I ...
Self Check
1 Match the words in the two columns and choose five phrases to
make sentences.
take shopping
do photos
get my dream
achieve ears pierced
make part-time work
go a choice
2 Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in
brackets. Translate them into Chinese.
1. No matter how many difficulties we have, I believe all problems can
(solve) in the end.
2. Mobile phones should (keep) off during the
meeting.
3. Teenagers under eighteen must (not allow) to
smoke or drink.
4. Many parents think going to school must
(put) first, so teenagers should (not encourage) to
work part-time.
16U 3
NIT
Section
A It must belong to Carla.
1a Look at the picture. Write the things you see in the
correct columns in the chart.
Language Goal:
Clothing Fun things Kitchen things
Make inferences
hat volleyball plate
Whose
It must be Carla’s.
volleyball
She loves volleyball.
is this?
1b Listen and match
each person with
a thing and a
reason.
Person Thing Reason
Jane’s little brother volleyball J. K. Rowling is her favorite writer.
Mary toy truck She loves volleyball.
Carla magazine He was the only little kid at the picnic.
Deng Wen book She always listens to pop music.
Grace CD He loves rabbits.
1c Practice the conversation in the
A: Whose book is this?
picture above. Then make
B: It must be Mary’s. J. K. Rowling
conversations using the information
is her favorite writer.
in 1b.
17
Page PBUNIT 3
Things in the schoolbag
2a Bob and Anna found a
schoolbag at the park. Listen 1. T-shirt
and write down the things in 2.
the schoolbag.
3.
2b Listen again. Fill in the blanks.
1. The person go to our
school. Use “must” to show that you think
something is probably true.
2. The person be a boy.
Use “might” or “could” to show that
3. It be Mei’s hair band.
you think something is possibly true.
4. The hair band belong to
Use “can’t” to show that you are
Linda.
almost sure something is not true.
5. It be Linda’s schoolbag.
A: Look! There’s a schoolbag here.
2c Make conversations using the
B: What’s inside?
information in 2a and 2b.
A: There’s a T-shirt, ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Linda: Mom, I’m really worried.
Mom: Why? What’s wrong?
Linda: I can’t find my schoolbag.
Mom: Well, where did you last put it?
Linda: I can’t remember! I attended a concert yesterday so it might still be in
the music hall.
Mom: Do you have anything valuable in your schoolbag?
Linda: No, just my books, my pink hair band and some tennis balls.
Mom: So it can’t be stolen.
Linda: Oh, wait! I went to a picnic after the concert. I remember I had my
schoolbag with me at the picnic.
Mom: So could it still be at the park?
Linda: Yes. I left early, before the rest of my friends. I think somebody must
have picked it up. I’ll call them now to check if anybody has it.
18It must belong to Carla. UNIT 3
3a Read the article and decide A. A Small and Quiet Town
which might be the best title. B. Strange Happenings in My Town
C. Animals in Our Neighborhood
We live in a small town and almost everyone knows each other. It used to be very
quiet. Nothing much ever happened around here. However, these days, something
unusual is happening in our town. Victor, a teacher at my school, is really nervous.
When he was interviewed by the town newspaper, he said, “Every night we hear
strange noises outside our window. My wife thinks that it could be an animal, but
my friends and I think it must be teenagers having fun. My parents called the
policemen, but they couldn’t find anything strange. They think it might be the wind.
I don’t think so!”
Victor’s next-door neighbor Helen is worried, too. “At first, I thought that it might
be a dog, but I couldn’t see a dog or anything else, either. So I guess it can’t be a
dog. But then, what could it be?” One woman in the area saw something running
away, but it was dark so she is not sure. “I think it was too big to be a dog,” she
said. “Maybe it was a bear or a wolf.”
Everyone in our town is feeling uneasy, and everyone has
his or her own ideas. There must be something visiting
the homes in our neighborhood, but what is it? We have
no idea. Most people hope that this animal or person will
simply go away, but I do not think that is going to happen.
The noise-maker is having too much fun creating fear in the
neighborhood.
3b Read the article again and find words to match the meanings.
nervous or worried area where people live
young people animal like a very large dog
person in the next house person who makes noise
3c Read the article carefully and write what people think about the strange
noises.
Who gave opinions? What are the opinions?
Victor’s wife She thinks that it could be an animal.
Victor and his friends
The policemen
Helen
One woman in the area
The writer himself
19
Page PBUNIT 3
Grammar
Focus
Whose volleyball is this? It must be Carla’s. She loves volleyball.
It could be Mei’s hair band. Or it might belong to
Whose hair band is this?
Linda. They both have long hair.
I’m not sure, but it can’t be a dog. It was bigger. I
What did you see that night?
think it might be a bear or a wolf.
4a Choose the best way to complete each sentence using the words in
brackets.
1. A: Where’s Jean?
B: I’m not sure. She (is / might be / must be) in the laboratory.
2. A: Everyone is going to the pool after school.
B: Really? It (must be / can’t be / could be) hot outdoors.
3. A: That’s the phone.
B: Hmm. I wonder who it (must be / could be / should be).
4. A: I wonder if these are Jim’s glasses.
B: They (can’t be / might be / could be) his. He doesn’t wear
glasses.
5. A: I hear water running in the bathroom.
B: It (could be / must be / can’t be) Carla. She was thinking of
taking a shower.
4b Complete these responses.
1. A: Many people are wearing coats.
B: The weather must be .
2. A: Sally has been coughing a lot.
B: She might be .
3. A: This restaurant is always very crowded.
B: The food .
4. A: Whenever I try to read this book, I feel sleepy.
B: It can’t .
4c Look at this picture of a room. How much can you tell about the person
who lives here? Is it a boy or a girl? What are his/her hobbies? Discuss
your ideas with a partner.
A: It could be a girl’s room because it’s very tidy.
B: I guess so. But it might be a boy’s room
because the clothes look like boys’ clothes.
20It must belong to Carla. UNIT 3
1a Look at the pictures. Then use the words in the box
Section
to write a sentence about each picture.
B land man UFO run alien run after
a b c
a. A UFO is landing.
b.
c.
1b Listen and number the pictures [1–3] in 1a. Then write two or three
sentences to finish the story.
1c Listen again. Complete the sentences.
They see ... The man says ... The woman says ...
1. a man running he might be he could be
2. something in the sky it could be it must be
3. something strange it must be I must be
4. a woman with a camera she could be they must be
1d Role-play a conversation between the man and the woman.
A: Why do you think the man is running?
B: He could be running for exercise.
A: No, he’s wearing a suit. He might be running to catch a bus to work.
21
Page PBUNIT 3
2a Match each linking word or phrase with its purpose.
Linking word or phrase Purpose of linking word or phrase
so expressing a difference
as, because, since giving a choice
but, however, though expressing a result
not only ... but also expressing two things happening at the same time
or giving reasons
when, while adding information
2b Read the article below and underline the linking words and phrases.
Do you think you have made correct matches in 2a?
IDENTIFYING LINKING LANGUAGE
Identifying conjunctions or phrases
Stonehenge — Can Anyone
that link ideas together will help
Explain Why It Is There?
you understand what you read.
Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one
of Britain’s most famous historical places but also one of its greatest mysteries.
Every year it receives more than 750,000 visitors. People like to go to this place
especially in June as they want to see the sun rising on the longest day of the year.
For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient leaders
tried to communicate with the gods. However, historian Paul Stoker thinks this
can’t be true because Stonehenge was built so many centuries ago. “The leaders
arrived in England much later,” he points out.
Another popular idea is that Stonehenge might be a kind of calendar. The large
stones were put together in a certain way. On midsummer’s morning, the sun
shines directly into the center of the stones. Other people believe the stones have
a medical purpose. They think the stones can prevent illness and keep people
healthy. “As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet move up your
body,” said one visitor. No one is sure what Stonehenge was used for, but most
agree that the position of the stones must be for a special purpose. Some think it
might be a burial place or a place to honor ancestors. Others think it was built to
celebrate a victory over an enemy.
Stonehenge was built slowly over a long period of time. Most historians believe it
must be almost 5,000 years old. One of the greatest mysteries is how it was built
because the stones are so big and heavy. In
2001, a group of English volunteers tried to
build another Stonehenge, but they couldn’t.
“We don’t really know who built Stonehenge,”
says Paul Stoker. “And perhaps we might never
know, but we do know they must have been
hard-working — and great planners!”
22It must belong to Carla. UNIT 3
2c Read the article again and complete the chart.
Mysteries about Stonehenge What Stonehenge might have been used for ...
Who built it?
2d Complete the sentences with the correct linking words.
1. Midsummer day is in June a lot of people go to Stonehenge
during this month.
2. The sun shines straight into the center of Stonehenge the
stones were put in a special position.
3. Some people think the rocks can stop people from becoming
ill keep them healthy.
4. We don’t know who built Stonehenge how it was built.
5. Historians think Stonehenge was built about 5,000 years ago; ,
they are not sure.
2e Can you think of any other mysteries, either in China or another part
of the world, that are similar to Stonehenge? What do you know about
these mysteries? What is mysterious about them? Discuss them with
your group.
3a Read through the article in 3a on page 19 again. What do you think the
noises could be? List all your ideas. See who in your group can come up
with the most imaginative explanation.
What could the noises be? Why do you think so?
23
Page PBUNIT 3
3b Look at this newspaper headline and finish the article about the strange
happenings.
No More Mystery in the Neighborhood
Last week, in a quiet
Writing tips
neighborhood, something
First part: background information
strange happened ...
about the mystery
We now know what was
Second part: how the mystery was
happening in the
solved
neighborhood ...
Third part: how the people in the
Now the mystery is solved.
neighborhood now feel
People in the neighborhood ...
Self Check
1 Fill in the blanks with must, might or can’t.
1. That bright light be a UFO — there’s no such thing!
2. I’m still waiting for the bus, so I be a bit late for the party.
3. That sweater be Carla’s. She’s the only one who wears such
colorful clothes.
4. Tony want to go to the concert. He likes music, but I’m not
sure if he likes rock music.
5. The person you saw at the supermarket be Susan. I just
talked to her on the phone, and she’s at work right now.
2 Look at the chart and write sentences for the things below.
Name Likes Dislikes
Jessica take photos run
Todd play the piano eat sweet food
Mike play tennis watch movies
Annie read cook
1. DVD It can’t be Mike’s. He doesn’t like to watch movies.
2. bowl of ice-cream
3. camera
4. cookbook
5. tennis ball
6. running shoes
24U 4
NIT
Section
A I like music that I can dance to.
1a What kind of music do you like? Look at the
picture and circle the sentences you agree with.
Language Goal:
Then write your own sentence.
Express
preferences
Your sentence: I like music that .
I prefer music that I love music that I
has great lyrics. can sing along with.
I like music that I like music that
isn’t too loud. I can dance to.
1b Listen and check (✔) the kinds of music Tony and Betty like.
Music that I can Music that has great Music that I can sing
dance to lyrics along with
Tony
Betty
A: What kind of music do you like?
1c Make conversations about the
B: I like music that I can sing along with.
music that you like.
What about you?
A: I prefer music that has great lyrics.
25
Page PBUNIT 4
2a Listen and circle T for true or F for false.
1. Carmen likes musicians who play different
kinds of music. T F
2. Xu Fei likes the Australian singer
Dan Dervish. T F
3. Carmen likes electronic music that’s loud. T F
4. Xu Fei prefers groups that play quiet and
slow songs. T F
2b Listen again. Complete the sentences.
1. I really love Dan Dervish. I like musicians .
Carmen says
2. The Modern are really great. I love electronic music .
3. I like musicians .
Xu Fei says
4. I think The Modern are too noisy. I prefer groups .
2c Make conversations using the A: Does Xu Fei like The Modern?
information in 2a and 2b. B: No, he doesn’t. He prefers ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Jill: What are you doing this weekend, Scott?
Scott: Not much. I suppose I’ll just listen to this new CD I bought.
Jill: Oh, what CD is this?
Scott: Well, it’s all music. There’s no singing. I like smooth music that helps me
relax after a long week at work.
Jill: Sounds nice. Well, if you have spare time, do you want to watch a movie
with me? The director is really famous.
Scott: Hmm, depends which movie. I only like
movies that are funny. I just want to laugh
and not think too much. You know what I
mean?
Jill: Oh, in that case, I’ll ask someone who likes
serious movies.
Scott: What’s the movie about?
Jill: It’s about World War II. I prefer movies
that give me something to think about.
26I like music that I can dance to. UNIT 4
3a Read the passage. Underline the different kinds of movies and
circle the movie names.
What Do You Feel Like Watching Today?
While some people stick to only one kind of movie, I like to watch different
kinds depending on how I feel that day.
When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. Comedies
like Men in Black or cartoons like Kung Fu Panda have funny dialog and
usually have a happy ending. The characters may not be perfect, but they
try their best to solve their problems. After I watch them, my problems
suddenly seem less serious and I feel much better again. Laughing for two
hours is a good way to relax!
I don’t watch dramas or documentaries when I’m sad or tired. Dramas
like Titanic make me feel even sadder. Documentaries like March of the
Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can
be interesting, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much. I don’t
mind action movies like Spider-Man when I’m too tired to think. I can just
shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy watching an exciting superhero who
always saves the world just in time.
Once in a while, I like to watch
movies that are scary. They can be
fun, but I’m too scared to watch
them alone. I always bring a friend
who isn’t afraid of these kinds of
movies, and it doesn’t feel so scary
anymore.
3b Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. How does the writer describe each kind of movie?
2. What kinds of movies does the writer prefer to watch when he or she is sad
or tired?
3. How does the writer feel after watching these movies?
4. Does the writer like scary movies? When does he or she watch them?
3c What kinds of movies do you like to watch? Complete the chart.
When I’m ... I like/prefer to watch movies that/which ... Examples (movie names)
happy
sad
tired
bored
27
Page PBUNIT 4
Grammar
Focus
I love music that/which I can sing along
What kind of music do you like?
with.
He prefers groups that/which play quiet
What kind of groups does Xu Fei like?
and slow songs.
I prefer movies that/which give me
What kind of movies do you like?
something to think about.
What kind of musicians does Carmen She likes musicians who play different
like? kinds of music.
4a Choose words from the different columns to make sentences.
funny/comfortable/
food/clothes/
I/You/ like(s)/ that/ inexpensive/slow/
people/music/
He/She/ love(s)/ which/ is/are sweet/salty/loud/
actors/singers/
We/They prefer(s) who interesting/
movies
intelligent
1.
2.
3.
4.
4b Read Jennifer’s CD review. Then complete the sentences using that,
which or who.
cdsreview.com e-mail address: jennifer@pep.com.cn
What’s the name of your
It’s Dance,Dance,Dance.
favorite CD?
The music is great because you can dance to it.You can take this
Why do you like this CD?
CD to a party.Also,these musicians write their own lyrics.
What do you dislike about Some songs are too long.Some of the singers don’t sing the
this CD? words clearly.
1. It’s the kind of music
2. It’s a CD
3. She likes musicians
4. She doesn’t like the songs
5. She likes singers
4c Make conversations about the A: What kind of food do you enjoy?
kind of things you like and dislike. B: I enjoy food that is sweet.
28I like music that I can dance to. UNIT 4
1a Fill in the chart. Write names of your favorite book,
Section
movie and band.
B
Movie
Book
Band
1b Listen and write the three things that Michael likes in the first column
of the chart.
What Michael likes Why he likes it
jacket He likes clothes that are unusual .
He likes writers .
He likes movies .
1c Listen again. Write why Michael likes each thing in the second column
of the chart in 1b.
A: I like movies that are sad. I
1d Discuss your favorite things in 1a
love Titanic.
with your group. Say why you like
B: Oh, I don’t. I like movies
each thing.
that are scary. I really like ...
29
Page PBUNIT 4
2a How many Chinese musical instruments do you know about? Do you
know any famous pieces of music that are played on these instruments?
Make a list with your partner.
2b Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. Which musician does the passage mainly talk about?
2. What is the name of his most famous piece of music?
3. How does the writer feel about this piece of music?
NOTING SUPPORTING DETAILS
Supporting details can be examples,
Sad but Beautiful
reasons, opinions or other detailed
Last night one of my Chinese friends information in each paragraph.
took me to a concert of Chinese folk
music. The piece which was played on the erhu especially moved me. The music was
strangely beautiful, but under the beauty I sensed a strong sadness and pain. The
piece had a simple name, Erquan Yingyue (Moon Reflected on Second Spring), but it
was one of the most moving pieces of music that I’ve ever heard. The erhu sounded
so sad that I almost cried along with it as I listened. Later I looked up the history of
Erquan Yingyue, and I began to understand the sadness in the music.
The music was written by Abing, a folk musician who was born in the city of Wuxi
in 1893. His mother died when he was very young. Abing’s father taught him to
play many musical instruments, such as the drums, dizi and erhu, and by age 17,
Abing was known for his musical ability. However, after his father died, Abing’s
life grew worse. He was very poor. Not only that, he developed a serious illness
and became blind. For several years, he had no home. He lived on the streets and
played music to make money. Even after Abing got married and had a home again,
he continued to sing and play on the streets. He performed in this way for many
years.
Abing’s amazing musical skills made him very popular during his lifetime. By the
end of his life, he could play over 600 pieces of music. Many of these were written
by Abing himself. It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for
the future world to hear, but his popularity
continues to this day. Today, Abing’s Erquan
Yingyue is a piece which all the great erhu
masters play and praise. It has become one
of China’s national treasures. Its sad beauty
not only paints a picture of Abing’s own life
but also makes people recall their deepest
wounds from their own sad or painful
experiences.
30I like music that I can dance to. UNIT 4
2c Read the passage again and use suitable words to complete the main idea
of each paragraph. Then list the supporting details in each paragraph.
Paragraph Main idea Supporting details
The music was strangely beautiful ...
I was by a piece of
1
music named Erquan Yingyue.
2 Abing lived a very life.
Abing’s musical skills made him
3
very .
2d Circle that or who and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
Abing played music (that/who) could touch the hearts of people. When
pain
we listen to his music, we can both the beauty and the sadness
wounds
in it. It makes us think about the and (that/who)
sense
we have experienced in the past. For this reason, many people
pity
praise him as the musician who has greatly influenced erhu music. So it is really a
that not many pieces of his music were recorded.
2e Student A is a foreign visitor who
A: What kind of musical instruments
is interested in Abing and his
did Abing play?
music. Student B is a Chinese
B: He could play many instruments,
student who knows about Abing.
but he is best known for playing
Use the information in the passage
the erhu.
to make a conversation.
3a What kind of music or movies do you like best? What is your favorite
song/movie? Make notes in the chart below.
Favorite kind of music/movie
Why I like this kind of music/movie
Favorite song/movie
Why I like this song/movie
How this song/movie makes me feel
Why I think others should listen to/watch this
song/movie
31
Page PBUNIT 4
3b Use your notes to write an article for a newspaper or magazine to
tell people about your favorite kind of music/movie and your
favorite song/movie.
Use the following expressions to help you:
● My favorite kind of music/movie is ...
● I like ... because ...
● It was ... by ...
● When I listen to / watch it, I feel ...
● I think you should listen to / watch it too because ...
Self Check
1 Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
1. The comedy has dialogs which are very humorous.
plenty of 2. Since you prefer music that is relaxing, I don’t you
suppose would want to buy this music CD.
war 3. Christmas is a time for spreading joy, so you should find some
electronic time to spend with your loved ones.
actor 4. Although he is an who does not have much
spare experience, he did an excellent job in the new film.
2 Fill in the blanks with who, that or which. More than one
answer may be possible.
A: Hi, Cindy! Would you like to see Sky High in 2050 this weekend?
B: Hmm … no, I don’t think movies try to describe the future
are very interesting. Could we see City Danger instead?
A: You mean, the new police story was filmed in five countries?
B: Yes, that’s the one. The actor plays the hero used to be a
schoolteacher!
A: OK, sure. It sounds like something we both will enjoy!
3 Complete the sentences about yourself.
1. I don’t like music
2. I enjoy spending time in places
3. I have friends
4. I like movie stars
32U 5
NIT
Section
A You’re supposed to shake hands.
1a What do people do when they meet for the first
time? Match the countries with the customs.
Language Goal:
Countries Customs
Talk about
1. Brazil
customs and
2. b the United States a. bow
what you are
3. Japan b. shake hands
supposed to do
4. Mexico c. kiss
5. Korea
In your country, what are you
You’re supposed to
supposed to do when you meet
shake hands.
someone for the first time?
1b Listen and check your answers in 1a.
1c Make conversations about A: What are people in Korea supposed to
what people in different do when they meet for the first time?
countries do when they meet B: They’re supposed to bow. How about
for the first time. Talk about in the United States?
the countries in 1a or other A: In the United States, they’re expected
countries. to shake hands.
33
Page PBUNIT 5
2a Maria is an exchange student. Last night she had dinner at an American
friend’s house. Listen and check (✔) the mistakes Maria made.
Maria’s mistakes
arrived late
ate the wrong food
greeted Paul’s mother the wrong way
wore the wrong clothes
2b Listen again. Fill in the blanks.
1. Maria was supposed to arrive at 7:00, but she .
2. In Maria’s country, when you’re invited for 7:00, you’re expected to
.
3. When Maria met Paul’s mom, she was supposed to .
4. Maria should ask what she is supposed to if she
is invited to a party next time.
2c Role-play a conversation between Maria and Dan. Use the information in
2a and 2b.
Dan: How was the dinner at Paul’s house last night?
Maria: Well, it was OK, but I made some mistakes. I was
supposed to arrive at 7:00, but ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Katie: How was the welcome party for foreign students last night?
John: Great! I made some new friends. But a funny thing happened.
Katie: What?
John: I met a Japanese boy called Sato, and as soon as I held out my hand, he
bowed.
Katie: That’s how people in Japan are expected to greet each other. It’s impolite
if you don’t bow.
John: I didn’t know that. So I just stood there with my hand out. Finally, I
returned the bow.
Katie: I remember when I first met Marie last
year, I did the same thing. I held out
my hand and to my surprise, she kissed
me on both sides of my face!
John: I wouldn’t mind that!
Katie: Very funny. Later I found out French
people are supposed to kiss when they
see each other.
34You’re supposed to shake hands. UNIT 5
3a Read the following opinions of a Colombian and a Swiss student. In
which country is it OK to be 15 minutes late for dinner?
Where I’m from, we’re In Switzerland,
pretty relaxed about it’s very important
Teresa Lopez Marc LeBlanc
time. We don’t like to to be on time.
Cali, Colombia Lausanne, Switzerland
rush around, so we We’re the capital
don’t mind if people are a little late of clocks and watches, after all! If
sometimes. If you tell a friend you’re someone invites you to meet him or
going to their house for dinner, it’s OK her at noon, then you’re expected to be
if you arrive a bit late. We like to enjoy there at noon. If you’re even 15 minutes
our time slowly. We value the time we late, your friend may get mad. So I make
spend with our family and friends in an effort to be on time when I meet my
our everyday lives. We often just drop friends. I always leave the house early
by our friends’ homes if we have time. to avoid heavy traffic because I think it’s
We don’t usually have to make plans impolite to keep others waiting. Also,
to meet our friends. When we see we never visit a friend’s house without
each other, it’s polite for boys to shake calling first. We almost always make
hands and for girls to kiss each other plans to see friends. We usually plan to
on the side of the face. We often just do something interesting, or go
walk around the town center, seeing as somewhere together.
many of our friends as we can!
3b Read the passage again and complete the chart.
Ideas and customs about ... Colombia Switzerland
being on time
visiting a friend’s house
making plans with friends
3c Role-play a conversation. Student A is Teresa and Student B is Marc.
Teresa is late and Marc is mad.
A: Hi, Marc. Sorry I’m a little late.
B: Teresa, you’re 10 minutes late!
A: It’s just 10 minutes! It’s no big deal!
B: Well, in Switzerland, you’re supposed to ...
35
Page PBUNIT 5
Grammar
Focus
What are you supposed to do when you You’re supposed to shake hands.
meet someone for the first time? You’re not supposed to kiss.
When were you supposed to arrive? I was supposed to arrive at 7:00.
No, you’re expected to wear a suit
Am I supposed to wear jeans?
and tie.
Yes, it’s very impolite to keep others
Is it impolite to keep others waiting?
waiting.
Is it important to be on time? Yes, it’s important to be on time.
4a Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.
1. When you go abroad, it bring your passport.
2. After class, students clean the chalk off the
blackboard.
be supposed to 3. If you visit the northern coast of Norway during the winter
be expected to season, it pack warm clothes.
be important to 4. If there are people in the meeting room, you
knock before entering.
5. In many eastern European countries, you take
off your gloves before shaking hands.
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Each country has different rules about social situations. A traveler
(not expect; know) all of these, but it is helpful
(learn) as many of these customs as possible. One of the best ways to be
accepted in a foreign country is to try (understand) how
people think. Learning what you (suppose; do) and
(not suppose; do) in social situations may be difficult, but it is
worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.
4c Make a list of advice for someone coming to your country as an exchange
student for the first time. Work with your group to give advice about:
• time • what to do for someone’s birthday
• meeting people • visiting someone’s home
• table manners • giving gifts
36You’re supposed to shake hands. UNIT 5
1a How much do you know about table manners
Section
around the world? Take the following quiz.
Circle T for true or F for false after each sentence.
B
Mind your manners!
1. In India, you’re supposed to eat with your
hands. T F
2. In China, you’re not supposed to stick your
chopsticks into the food. T F
3. In Korea, the youngest person is expected to
start eating first. T F
4. In France, you’re supposed to put your bread
on the table. T F
5. In China, it’s impolite to use your chopsticks to
hit an empty bowl. T F
1b Steve is going to China to study. His friend Yang Ming is telling him
about the table manners in China. Listen and number the pictures in the
order you hear them.
1c Listen again. Match these sentence parts.
1. You’re not supposed to ... a. stick your chopsticks into your food.
2. It’s impolite to ... b. point at anyone with your chopsticks.
3. You shouldn’t ... c. start eating first if there are older people
at the table.
1d Talk about other table manners in your A: We’re supposed to ...
country. B: Yes, and it’s impolite to ...
37
Page PBUNIT 5
2a What do you know about customs in foreign countries? What do you
think is the biggest challenge when visiting a foreign country?
e.g. My cousin went to America, and she said that learning basic table
manners was her biggest challenge. She never knew what she was
supposed to do at the dinner table.
2b Read the letter and answer the questions.
1. Why is Lin Yue in France?
2. Does she enjoy staying with her host family? How do you know?
3. How does she feel about making mistakes when she speaks French?
4. What is the biggest challenge she is facing?
REVIEWING
Taking notes or summarizing the main
Dear Laura, ideas can help you move language from
your short-term to long-term memory.
Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m
having a great time on my student
exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was
no reason to be. My host family is really nice. They go out of their way to make me
feel at home. The grandmother knows that I miss Chinese food a lot. So she actually
learned how to make Chinese food! She also has a teenage granddaughter about
my age who is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practice. You
wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. I’m very
comfortable speaking French now. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t
worry me as it used to.
My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. As you can imagine,
things are very different from the way they are at home. For example, you’re not
supposed to put your bread on your plate. You’re supposed to put it on the table! I
thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it. Another example is
that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even
fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is impolite
to say you’re full. If you don’t want any more food, you should just say, “That was
delicious.” Also, you’re not supposed to put your elbows on the table. I have to say
that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it. I
don’t find French customs so strange anymore.
I’ll write again soon and tell you more about
my life in France. Hope you’re having a good
school year.
Yours,
Lin Yue
38You’re supposed to shake hands. UNIT 5
2c Read the sentences and replace the underlined words with the phrases
in the box.
1. Making mistakes in French used
went out of their way
to make Lin Yue nervous.
be comfortable (doing)
2. It was quite hard for her to feel
gradually gotten used to being
good about speaking French.
(something) worry (someone)
3. The host family tried very hard to
help Lin Yue.
4. Lin Yue has slowly learned how to be like her French friends.
2d Review the passage and make notes about French customs in the chart.
Dos Don’ts
You’re expected to put your bread You’re not supposed to put your
on the table. bread on your plate.
2e Compare the table manners in France and China in your group. How
are they the same or different? Make a list.
e.g. In France, people put their bread on the table. But in China, we always
put our food on a plate or in a bowl. We never put food on the table.
3a Your pen pal is coming to China on an exchange program. He/She is
asking you about Chinese customs and what he/she is supposed to do
or not. Make notes in the chart.
Table manners It’s polite/impolite to ...
House rules You’re supposed/not supposed to ...
Going out with people You should ...
39
Page PBUNIT 5
3b Write a letter to your pen pal to give him/her advice and suggestions on
how to behave properly in China.
Dear ,
You must be excited about coming to China soon. Let me give you some
suggestions and advice about Chinese customs. When you’re eating at the
table, it’s impolite to
In our house, you’re supposed to
When you go out with people, you should
Have a safe trip, and I look forward to meeting you soon!
Best wishes,
Self Check
1 Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
1. In many countries, it is impolite to show up at someone’s
house for the first time with hands. You should
always bring a small gift.
worth
2. Billy was very uncomfortable at a fine-dining restaurant last
capital
night because he didn’t know table manners.
basic
3. It is spending the time to learn about the customs
traffic
of a country before you go there. That way, you will know what
empty
you are supposed to do in different situations.
mad
4. The is always the worst in the city. It is
knocking
important to leave earlier if you are traveling by car.
5. Sandy went into her sister’s room without on the
door. That made her sister .
2 Think about your culture and make statements.
In my culture, when you ...
you’re supposed to .
you’re not supposed to .
you’re expected to .
it’s impolite to .
it’s important to .
40U 6
NIT
Section
A Sad movies make me cry.
1a Look at the two restaurants below. Which would
you like to go to? Why?
Language Goal:
Talk about how
things affect you
1b Listen and fill in the blanks. Then match the restaurants with the
statements.
1. The pictures make Amy .
Rockin’ Restaurant
2. The music makes Amy .
3. The music makes Amy ,
Blue Ocean
but it makes Tina .
1c Role-play a conversation between Amy and Tina.
Amy: I’d rather go to Blue Ocean because I like to listen to
quiet music while I’m eating.
Tina: But that music makes me sleepy. I want to have the
hamburgers at Rockin’ Restaurant.
41
Page PBUNIT 6
2a Listen and number the pictures [1–4] in the order you hear them.
2b Listen again. Complete the statements.
1. Waiting for Amy drove Tina .
2. Amy didn’t want to at Rockin’ Restaurant.
3. Loud music makes John want to .
4. The movie was so sad that it made Tina and Amy .
5. Sad movies don’t make John cry. They just make him want to .
2c Look at 2a and 2b. Role-play a conversation between Tina and John.
Use the example to begin your conversation.
John: Did you have fun with Amy last night?
Tina: Well ... yes and no. She was really late.
2d Role-play the conversation.
Nancy: Hey, Bert. I think I’ve made Alice mad
and I’m not sure what to do about it.
Bert: What happened?
Nancy: You know Julie is Alice’s best friend,
right?
Bert: Uh-huh.
Nancy: Well, the more I get to know Julie, the
more I realize that we have a lot in common. So we’ve been spending
more time together lately.
Bert: But what’s wrong with that?
Nancy: Umm ... it makes Alice unhappy because she thinks Julie is now better
friends with me than with her.
Bert: I see. Mmm ... why don’t you ask Alice to join you each time you do
something with Julie? Then she won’t feel left out.
Nancy: Oh, good idea! That can make our friendship stronger.
42Sad movies make me cry. UNIT 6
3a Read the story and answer the questions. 1. Can medicine help the king?
Why or why not?
2. Why does power not make the
The Shirt of a Happy Man (Part I)
prime minister happy?
A long time ago, in a rich and beautiful country, 3. Why does money not make the
there lived an unhappy king. He slept badly and banker happy?
didn’t feel like eating. His face was always pale as 4. Why does fame not make the
chalk. He often cried for no reason. This made
singer happy?
the queen and his people worried.
One day, a doctor was called in to examine the king. But he found nothing wrong
with his body. “It’s all in his mind. Neither medicine nor rest can help him. What
he needs is the shirt of a happy person to wear. That’ll make him happy.”
The prime minister was called to the palace. But when they explained the king’s
situation to him, he said, “Although I have a lot of power, it doesn’t make me
happy. I’m always worried about losing my power. Many people are trying to
take my position.”
Then, the king’s banker came to the palace. “Oh, I’m afraid I’m not happy either,”
he said. “I have a lot of wealth, but I’m always worried about
losing my money. Someone tries to steal my money every day.”
Next, the palace singer came to the king’s room. But this was
what he said: “It’s true that I’m famous and everyone loves my
songs. But I’m not happy because I’m always worried about
being followed by others. I cannot be free!”
Finally, the king’s top general was told to go out and find a
happy man in three days’ time.
(To be continued)
3b Find words or phrases from the story with meanings similar to these
phrases.
1. did not want to eat
2. was asked to come and help
3. look carefully at
4. becoming less important
5. get my job
3c Role-play the story with your group.
43
Page PBUNIT 6
Grammar
Focus
The loud music makes me nervous.
Soft and quiet music makes me relax.
Money and fame don’t always make people happy.
She said that the sad movie made her cry.
4a Think of appropriate words for the blanks. Then compare your choices
with your partner.
Dear Diary, June 29th
I thought today was going to be really bad. To start with, it was cloudy and
grey, and cloudy days make me . And this was the day we would get
our exam results back, but I didn’t answer the exam questions very well last
week. That made me . I walked to school with my best friend Holly.
She didn’t say much to me. That made me a little . In class, the teacher
handed back our exams. That made me . But I found out that I didn’t
do too badly. That made me very . Then things got even better. Holly
bought me my favorite lemon drink and a turkey sandwich for lunch, and we
talked a lot. That made me .
4b Complete the survey. Then ask two other students.
What makes you ...? You Student 1 Student 2
happy
want to cry
uncomfortable
angry
nervous
feel like dancing
A: What makes you angry?
B: When people throw rubbish on the streets, it makes me angry.
C: Me, too. It makes me want to tell them to clean up the streets.
44Sad movies make me cry. UNIT 6
1a Look at the possible endings to the story about the
Section
unhappy king. Do you think any of these is the right
one? If so, which one?
B
a. The general cannot find a happy person and the king
remains unhappy forever.
b. The general finds a happy person with power and money.
c. The general realizes he is a happy person and gives his shirt
to the king to wear.
d. The king suddenly becomes happy without the shirt of a
happy person.
1b What are some other possible endings to the story? Discuss your ideas
with your partner.
1c Listen to The Shirt of a Happy Man (Part II) and check (✔) the things
that happened in the rest of the story.
The general searched for three
days and found a happy person.
The general could not find a
happy person.
The general saw a poor man on
the street.
The poor man was a happy man.
The poor man gave the general
his shirt.
1d Listen again. Answer the questions.
1. How long did it take the general to find the happy man?
2. What was the poor man doing on the street?
3. What made the poor man so happy even though he had no power, money
or fame?
4. Do you think the general will return to the king with the poor man’s shirt?
Why or why not?
1e Do you agree with the poor man’s thoughts about happiness? Discuss
your ideas with your group. Then role-play the rest of the story.
45
Page PBUNIT 6
2a Have you ever made a mistake? How did it make you feel? Talk to your
partner about what happened.
2b Read the story and number the events in the correct order.
RECOGNIZING IDIOMS AND PHRASES
Knowing the meanings of idioms
The Winning Team
and verb phrases can improve your
Peter kept his eyes on the ground. He
English.
felt like there was a heavy weight on his
shoulders as he walked home alone. It
was the worst day of his life. His mind would not stop thinking about what happened
only just an hour ago on the school soccer field. How could he have missed scoring
that goal? He had let his whole team down. His stupid mistake made him angry. His
team had lost the game because of him. He was really worried that his coach might
kick him off the team.
As soon as he walked through the door, his father asked, “What’s wrong, son?”
Peter’s feelings were written all over his face. “I lost the game,” Peter replied. Then
he went into his room without another word. Ten minutes later, Peter heard his
father knocking on his bedroom door. He opened the door to let him in.
“Look, Peter. I don’t know what happened. But whatever it was, don’t be too hard
on yourself.”
“I lost the game, Dad. I failed my team. They’ll probably never let me play again.”
“Soccer is about team effort. You’re not the only reason your team lost. If you have
a good team, you should support each other. Besides, winning or losing is only half
the game. The other half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and
learning from your mistakes.”
Peter didn’t say anything, but what his father said made him think carefully.
The next day, Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in his heart.
“Hey, guys,” he said to his teammates. “I’m really sorry about yesterday. We were
so close to winning that game. But I think if we continue to pull together, we’re
going to win the next one.”
To his surprise and relief, his teammates all
nodded in agreement.
“Yeah,” they said, “don’t worry about it. It’s
never just one person’s fault. We should think
about how we can do better next time.”
Peter smiled. It made him feel lucky to know
that he was on a winning team.
46Sad movies make me cry. UNIT 6
Peter got home and went into his room.
Peter talked to his teammates.
Peter missed a goal.
Peter’s father gave him advice.
Peter realized that he was worried for no reason.
2c Read the story again and answer the questions.
1. Why did Peter feel angry and worried?
2. What advice did Peter’s father offer him?
3. Do you agree with Peter’s father? Why or why not?
4. What happened after Peter told his teammates that he was sorry?
5. Why did Peter think that he was on a winning team even though they lost
the last game?
2d Find idioms or phrases from the story to replace the underlined parts
of these sentences.
1. He could not believe that he did not get the ball into the basket.
2. She was worried because she disappointed her parents.
3. Tony was sad that he was asked to leave the team.
4. You should learn to relax and not put so much pressure on yourself.
5. The teacher told the students to work hard together and not give up.
2e Role-play a conversation between Peter and his father.
Father: What’s wrong, Peter? You look sad.
Peter: I missed scoring a goal. I made my team lose the game.
...
3a Think of some experiences that made you feel very happy or sad. Tell
your partner about them. Use the following ideas to help you.
● winning/losing a competition
● getting good/bad grades on an exam
● performing something well/badly in front of a big group of people
● getting into a fight with your best friend
● your first trip outside your hometown
47
Page PBUNIT 6
3b Write a story similar to the one in 2b using your notes in 3a.
In your story, try to explain the following:
● What happened?
● When did it happen?
● Where did it happen?
● How did it make you feel? Why?
● What did you learn from the experience?
Self Check
1 Put the words in the appropriate place in the chart.
Positive Negative
nervous unhappy
uncomfortable worried
comfortable relaxed
angry awful
happy uneasy
2 Write sentences using the words given.
1. sad movies / cry
Sad movies make me cry.
2. speaking in front of many people / nervous
3. money and fame / not always happy
4. soft piano music / relaxed
5. rainy days / stay at home and watch TV
3 Number the things [1–6] (1 = least important, 6 = most
important). Write a reason for each choice.
fame power friendship
wealth health family
e.g. Fame is not very important. It can make me nervous if too many
people follow me around.
48U 7
NIT
Section
A Life is full of the unexpected.
1a Look at the pictures.
What happened to
Language Goal:
the girl?
Narrate past
events
1
I’m taking
a shower!
2 3
4 5
1b Listen to Mary talking about her morning. Complete the sentences.
1. By the time I got up, my brother already
in the shower.
2. By the time I got outside, the bus already .
3. When I got to school, I realized I my
backpack at home.
A: What happened?
1c Take turns being Mary. Look at
B: I overslept. By the time I got up,
the pictures above and talk about
my brother had already gotten
what happened this morning.
in the shower.
49
Page PBUNIT 7
2a Listen to Mary continue her story. Number the pictures [1–4] in the
correct order.
2b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Then
listen again and check your answers.
1. When I (get) home, I realized I (leave) my keys
in the backpack.
2. By the time I (get) back to school, the bell (ring).
3. By the time I (walk) into class, the teacher (start)
teaching already.
2c Make up an ending for the story
The teacher looked at Mary and ...
and share it with your partner.
2d Role-play the conversation.
Matt: Why were you late for class today, Kevin?
Kevin: My alarm clock didn’t go off! I kept sleeping, and
when I woke up it was already 8:00 a.m.!
Matt: Oh, no!
Kevin: So I just quickly put on some clothes and rushed out
of the door.
Matt: You didn’t eat breakfast?
Kevin: No, I didn’t even brush my teeth or wash my face! But
before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
Matt: Then how did you get here?
Kevin: Luckily, Carl’s dad saw me on the street and gave me a lift in his car.
Matt: Well, at least by the time you got to school, you were only five minutes
late for class.
50Life is full of the unexpected. UNIT 7
3a Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. Which two events does the writer mention?
Life Is Full of the Unexpected 2. How did the writer end up missing both events?
In May 2001, I found a job in New
York at the World Trade Center. On
September 11, 2001, I arrived at my building
at around 8:30 a.m. I was about to go up
when I decided to get a coffee first. I went
to my favorite coffee place even though it
was two blocks east from my office. As I
was waiting in line with other office workers,
I heard a loud sound. Before I could join
the others outside to see what was going
on, the first plane had already hit my office building. We stared in disbelief at the
black smoke rising above the burning building. I felt lucky to be alive.
Almost 10 years later, I woke up at 10:00 a.m. on February 21, 2011 and realized
that my alarm had never gone off. I jumped out of bed and went straight to the
airport. But by the time I got to the airport, my plane to New Zealand had already
taken off. “This is the first holiday I’ve taken in a year, and now I’ve missed my
plane. What bad luck!” I thought to myself. The other planes were full so I had
to wait till the next day. The next morning, I heard about the earthquake in New
Zealand the day before. My bad luck had unexpectedly turned into a good thing.
3b Find words from the passage with opposite meanings to the words
below. Then write a sentence with each word.
1. lost:
2. west:
3. below:
4. dead:
5. empty:
3c Retell one of the events to your partner. Use these words and phrases
to help you.
stare in disbelief take off unexpected burn above
alive till/until arrive at be about to even though
e.g. On September 11, 2001, I arrived at my ...
51
Page PBUNIT 7
Grammar
Focus
When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home.
By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left.
I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first.
As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound.
4a Make sentences using by the time or before.
1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up.
By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee.
3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school.
4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended.
5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema.
6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course.
4b Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else already .
2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he to add the
rush out
green beans.
forget
3. By the time my mother came back from the market, I already
arrive at
of the door to go to my piano lesson.
go into
4. Before she got to the airport, she about the earthquake.
show up
5. When she the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten
find out
to feed her dog.
6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he the building.
4c Write two true statements and one false statement about your day
yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.
1. By the time I left for school in the morning,
2. By the end of the school day,
3. By dinner time, I
52Life is full of the unexpected. UNIT 7
1a Put these words in the correct columns in the chart.
Section
Some words can go in more than one column.
B Nouns Verbs Adjectives
(people, places, things) (action words) (description words)
fool fool embarrassed
fool invite
costume embarrassed
go off call
get dressed empty
show up realize
change clock
tired stay up
1b Tell your partner about something
Last Friday night, my friend
that happened to you recently. Use
invited me to his birthday party ...
two or more words in 1a.
1c Dave, Nick and Joe are talking about April Fool’s Day. Listen and write
each person’s name under the correct picture.
a b c d
1d Listen again. Who says each of the phrases below? Write D for Dave,
N for Nick and J for Joe.
1. D a costume party 4. was tired
2. my alarm went off 5. was really embarrassed
3. stayed up all night 6. the other kids showed up
A: What happened to Dave on
1e Tell April Fool’s Day stories in your
April Fool’s Day?
group. Use the information in 1c and
B: Well, a friend invited him to
1d.
a costume party ...
53
Page PBUNIT 7
2a Have you ever played jokes on others, especially on April Fool’s Day?
Have you ever been fooled by others? Tell your story to your partner.
2b Read the passage quickly. Then match each paragraph with the main
idea.
Paragraph 1 One of the most famous tricks played
Paragraph 2 Examples of funny stories that happened on April Fool’s Day
Paragraph 3 An introduction to April Fool’s Day
Paragraph 4 A sad story that happened on April Fool’s Day
USING BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE
April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes
Carefully reading the first sentence
place in different countries around the
in each paragraph can activate your
world. It happens on April 1st every year
own knowledge of the topic and
and is a day when many people play all
help you guess what the whole text
kinds of tricks and jokes on each other.
is about.
One April Fool’s Day, a reporter in England
announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in
Italy had stopped growing spaghetti. Many people ran to their local supermarkets to
buy as much spaghetti as they could. By the time people realized that the story was a
hoax, all of the spaghetti across the country had been sold out. In another famous trick
a TV show in England reported the discovery of special water. They said this water
would help people lose weight and that one customer had already lost a lot of weight
in just four months. By the end of the day, more than 10,000 people had phoned the
TV station to find out how to get this water.
Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being not very funny. A famous TV star once
invited his girlfriend onto his show on April Fool’s Day. He asked her to marry him.
The lady was so happy because she really wanted to get married. However, when she
said yes, he replied, “April Fool!” That little joke didn’t have a very happy ending.
The TV star lost his girlfriend and his show was canceled.
One of the world’s most famous tricks, however, happened in October rather than in
April. In that month in 1938, actor Orson Welles announced on his radio program
that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth. He
described where they had landed and told how
they were moving across the United States. Welles
made it sound so real that hundreds of people
believed the story, and fear spread across the
whole country. By the time police officers
announced that the story was a hoax, thousands
of people had left their homes.
54Life is full of the unexpected. UNIT 7
2c Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. Why did the supermarkets run out of spaghetti one April Fool’s Day?
2. What did the TV show say the special water could do?
3. Why did the TV star’s joke have a bad ending?
4. When did Orson Welles tell people about aliens from Mars landing on the earth?
5. Why did so many people believe Orson Welles?
6. Which of these stories is the most believable? Which is the least believable? Why?
7. Would you be fooled by any of these stories?
2d Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
1. After the spaghetti story (appear) in the news, everyone
(rush) to the supermarkets.
2. By the time people (find out) the story was not true, all the
spaghetti in the supermarkets (disappear).
3. By the time the day (end), more than 10,000 people
(call) the TV station to ask about the special water.
4. By the time the show (end), the TV star (lose)
his girlfriend.
5. By the time police officers (tell) the country that the story
was a hoax, many people (run away) from their homes.
2e Tell your funny story from 2a to the class. The class will vote for:
A: What’s your story?
a. the funniest joke
B: Well, last year, on the first day of
b. the most embarrassing joke school, my sister put a piece of
c. the most creative joke paper on my back that said “Please
say hello.” All morning at school ...
3a Can you remember a lucky or an unlucky day? What happened? Make
some notes about what you remember.
What was the date?
What happened first?
Was this lucky or unlucky? Why?
What happened next?
How did the day end?
How did you feel about this day?
55
Page PBUNIT 7
3b Write a story about your lucky or unlucky day and tell your story to a
partner or the class.
My lucky/unlucky day
I will always remember the date ...
This was the luckiest/unluckiest day of my life ...
When I woke up that morning ...
Later that day, ...
I couldn’t believe ...
Then/After that, ...
Finally, ...
I think ...
What a lucky / an unlucky day!
Self Check
1 Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the
box.
Last Saturday after my French course, I decided to drive to the
to buy a meat pie for dinner. As I was heading
cancel
, I saw a huge truck in the middle of the road.
miss
There had been a(n) and there were many police
west
around. I turned around and decided to go to a
accident
nearby mall. However, I the road that led to the
lady
mall. Then I saw a restaurant that sold chicken noodles. I went
officer
inside and the , who was the owner, served me
market
the most delicious bowl of chicken noodles ever. I had made
unexpected
a(n) discovery! I’m so glad that I
my plan to go to the market.
2 Think of ways to finish the answers.
1. A: Why didn’t you hand in your science homework?
B: Before I could start working on it, .
2. A: Why didn’t you take a shower this morning?
B: By the time I got up, .
3. A: Why did you have to walk home from school?
B: By the time I left my school, .
56U 8
NIT
Section
A We’re trying to save the earth!
1a Here are some words related to different kinds of
pollution. Write them in the box below. Then add
Language Goal:
more words.
Talk about
pollution and loud music cars rubbish planes
littering ships factories smoking
environmental
building houses mobile phones
protection
noise pollution air pollution water pollution
1b Listen and complete the sentences.
The river was . Even the bottom of the
What was the problem? river was full of . There were no more
for fishermen to catch.
People are throwing into the river.
What caused the problem?
Factories are putting into the river.
We should write to the and ask them to
How should the problem be
the factories. Everyone should help to
solved?
the river.
1c Role-play the conversation. Then make your own conversations about
the kinds of pollution in 1a.
Mark: The river was dirty. Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.
Tony: But it used to be so clean!
Mark: Yes, but people are throwing litter into the river.
Tony: Everyone in this town should play a part in cleaning it up!
57
Page PBUNIT 8
2a Listen to the interview. Circle the kinds of pollution that Jason and
Susan talk about.
A. land pollution B. air pollution C. noise pollution D. water pollution
2b Listen again and complete the sentences.
1. The air is badly polluted because there are on the road
these days.
2. Factories that burn coal also the air with a lot of black
smoke.
3. There is also too much rubbish and waste. People
things every day.
4. People are also littering in like parks. This is turning
beautiful places into ugly ones.
2c Use the information in 2a and 2b to role-play conversations between
Jason and Susan.
Jason: The air has become really polluted around here.
I’m getting very worried.
Susan: Yes, I used to be able to see stars in the sky.
Jason: The problem is that ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Interviewer: Jason and Susan, what are your ideas for solving these problems?
Jason: Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway
instead of driving.
Susan: Yeah, or ride a bike. There are other advantages of bike riding. It’s
good for health and it doesn’t cost anything!
Interviewer: Great ideas! What about waste pollution?
Susan: Mmm, I think simple things like bringing
a bag to go shopping can help. I started
doing that a year ago.
Jason: Me, too. Also, I never take wooden
chopsticks or plastic forks when I buy
takeaway food. I use the ones at home.
Susan: And remember to throw rubbish in the
bins and keep public places clean and
beautiful for everyone.
Interviewer: So together, our actions can make a
difference and lead to a better future!
58We’re trying to save the earth! UNIT 8
3a Read the passage about sharks and complete the fact sheet below.
Save the Sharks!
Many have heard of shark fin soup. This
famous and expensive dish is especially popular
in southern China. But do you realize that
you’re killing a whole shark each time you
enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup?
When people catch sharks, they cut off their
fins and throw the shark back into the ocean. This is not only cruel, but also
harmful to the environment. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly
dies. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers
drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can
never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain. But in
fact, around 70 million sharks are caught and traded in this industry every year.
The numbers of some kinds of sharks have fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20
to 30 years.
Environmental protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and the
WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. They have even asked governments
to develop laws to stop the sale of shark fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown
that shark fins are good for health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks!
Where shark fin soup is popular
Number of sharks caught and traded every year
How governments can help
Two environmental groups against “finning”
3b Read the passage again and fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
1. Many people do not realize they are killing a whole shark
they enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup.
2. Sharks are at the top of the food chain, if their numbers
so
drop, the ocean’s ecosystem will be in danger.
although
3. Many think that sharks are too strong to be endangered, they
if
are wrong.
but
4. there are no scientific studies to support this, a lot of
when
people believe that shark fins are good for health.
5. Sharks may disappear one day we do not do something to
stop the sale of shark fins.
59
Page PBUNIT 8
Grammar
Focus
We’re trying to save the earth. Present progressive
The river used to be so clean. used to
The air is badly polluted. Passive voice
No scientific studies have shown that shark fins are good for health. Present perfect
We should help save the sharks. Modal verbs
4a Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Joe: you ever (take) part in an environmental project?
Ken: Yes, I have. I (help) with a Clean-Up Day last year. It was
(consider) the biggest clean-up project this city ever
(have).
Joe: How many people (take) part?
Ken: I (think) more than 1,000 people (come) to help out.
Joe: That’s fantastic! I guess everyone in this city is (try) to improve
the environment.
Ken: Yes, we can’t afford to (wait) any longer to take action!
4b Fill in the blanks with the appropriate modal verbs from the box.
People think that big things be done to save the
earth. Many forget that saving the earth begins with small things. For
can
example, you save electricity by turning off the lights when
would
could you leave a room. You also use reusable bags instead of plastic
have to bags. I think it’s a great idea that you now pay for plastic bags
should in some stores. And instead of driving to school or work, you
must
ride your bike or walk. If it’s far, you take the bus. All these
may/might
small things add up and become big things that
improve the environment. Let’s take action now!
4c Make a list of things that people
use public transportation
can do to help the environment and
discuss your list with your partner.
A: I think that everyone should use public transportation.
B: I disagree. It’s difficult for parents with young children to use public transportation ...
60We’re trying to save the earth! UNIT 8
1a What can we do to help save the earth? Rank these
Section
items from the easiest (1) to the most difficult (5).
B
stop riding in cars
recycle books and paper
turn off the lights when you leave a room
turn off the shower while you are washing
your hair
don’t use paper napkins
1b Compare your answers in A: Recycling paper is really easy.
1a with your partner. B: I agree. But it’s hard to stop riding in cars.
1c Listen and check (✔) the things that Julia and Jack talk about.
Things Julia and Jack talk Things Julia is Things Julia will Things Julia
about doing now do in the future would never do
✔ turning off the lights
turning off the shower
not using paper napkins
taking your own bags
when shopping
not riding in cars
riding a bike
recycling paper
1d Listen again. Check (✔) the things that Julia is doing now, the things
she will do in the future and the things she would never do.
1e Make a conversation using the information from the chart above. Say
what is true for you.
A: We really shouldn’t use paper napkins, you know.
B: I know. I stopped using them last year.
61
Page PBUNIT 8
2a Look at the title and the pictures in 2b. Can you guess what the passage
is about?
2b Read the passage and complete the chart below.
UNDERSTANDING PREFIXES AND
Rethink, Reuse, Recycle!
SUFFIXES
Do you often throw away things you Recognize how prefixes and suffixes
don’t need anymore? Have you ever
may change the meanings of words
thought about how these things can
and how they are used.
actually be put to good use? Nothing is a
waste if you have a creative mind.
You have probably never heard of Amy Hayes, but
she is a most unusual woman. She lives in a house
in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish.
The windows and doors come from old buildings
around her town that were pulled down. The top
of the house is an old boat turned upside down.
And the gate in front of her house is made of
rocks and old glass bottles. Amy recently won a
prize from the Help Save Our Planet Society. The president said, “Amy is an
inspiration to us all.”
Amy isn’t the only one who is good at recycling.
Jessica Wong from Hong Kong uses old clothes that
people don’t wear anymore to make bags. She has
been doing this for a few years now. She opened a
small shop where she sells her bags, and she has also
set up a website to sell them online. She especially
likes to use old jeans to make handbags. Her bags are
cute and useful. “I plan to write a book about new
ways to use old clothes,” she said. “I hope people can read my book and enjoy it!”
Wang Tao set up a small business in Shanghai four years ago. He is known for using
iron and other materials from old cars to make beautiful art pieces.
Some are large pieces that look like animals or humans, and
some are smaller pieces you can put at home. The more popular
works can even be seen in art shops around the city. Wang Tao
hopes to set up a “metal art” theme park to show people the
importance of environmental protection. Not only can the art
bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold, hard
iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity.
Names What materials did they use? What did they make?
62We’re trying to save the earth! UNIT 8
2c Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the phrases in the box.
put to good use build ... out of pull down
set up known for not only ... but also
1. Amy Hayes lives in the UK. Many of the old buildings in her neighborhood
were .
2. All the rubbish and old things in Amy’s neighborhood were then
when Amy built her house.
3. Amy is very creative. She her front gate
rocks and old glass bottles. She put an old boat on top of her house.
4. Jessica Wong sells her bags in a small shop, but she has also
an online business to sell them.
5. Though Jessica’s bags are made from old clothes, her bags are
being cute and useful.
6. Wang Tao makes large pieces of metal art that look like
animals or humans, makes smaller pieces for the home.
2d Underline the words in the passage based on the words below. What are
the differences?
think use usual recycle build create
special recent environment important protect inspire
2e Make a list of things that need to be done to save the environment.
Which things can be done by common people every day? Which things
have to be done by governments and organizations? Discuss these with
your group.
3a Think about the environment in your town/city and complete the chart
below.
Which parts of the town/city have a nice environment? Why are they nice?
Which parts need to be improved? Why?
Good environment Why? Bad environment Why?
63
Page PBUNIT 8
3b Write a letter to the city mayor about the problems and your suggestions.
In your letter, describe the environmental problems in your town/city.
● What are the problems?
● Where are they?
● What or who is causing these problems?
Then, give suggestions or possible ways to solve the problems.
I think that ...
We should/could ...
I suggest ...
Self Check
1 Write different forms of the words. Then add more to each
group.
v. — n. n. — adj. adj. — n. adj. — adv.
pollute— fame— different— slow—
act— wood— important— wide—
protect— science— sudden—
inspire— health— real—
build— south—
create— care—
2 Match each statement with the grammar structure.
Statement Grammar
The river used to be so clean. Present progressive
We have seen many changes in the environment. Modal verbs
People should take public transportation more. Passive voice
The river is polluted by factories. used to
The air pollution is getting worse and worse. Present perfect
3 Write ways to cut down on these kinds of pollution.
Kinds of pollution Ways to cut down
water pollution
land pollution
noise pollution
air pollution
64U 9
NIT
It‘s important to have good habits. UNIT 9
Section
A It’s important to have good
habits.
Language Goals:
Talk about a
f
what is
g
important
to you;
to help out
to talk with parents
Compare
habits
b
c not to play computer
and behaviors games too much
to study hard
d
1a Check (✔) e
the things to spend time to get enough sleep
with the family
you think it’s
important to i
do. to spend time h
with friends
I think it’s important to exercise
for teenagers to
talk problems over
to talk with
with someone.
teachers
1b Listen. Match the students with
their ideas from 1a. a Meimei Peter
Lingling Mark
1c Make conversations A: Do you think it’s important to exercise?
using the ideas in 1a. B: I guess so. How about you?
A: Yeah, I do. Exercising helps teenagers
to stay healthy.
B: I think it’s also important to spend time
with friends.
A: Uh-huh, I agree.
65UNIT 9
2a Listen to a class conversation. Choose the correct answer.
1. What has Mr. Brown come to talk about?
a. behavior at school b. health and happiness
2. What does one girl ask if she is too young to do?
a. to make her own decisions b. to stay out late
3. What does Mr. Brown tell them not to do?
a. agree to meet strangers b. chat on the Internet
2b Listen again. Complete the sentences.
Mr. Brown: In order to be healthy, teenagers enough sleep.
Mrs. Brown: It’s talk things over with your parents.
Girl: My parents tell chat on the Internet.
Teacher: ... What’s most important is believe that
adults want to help.
2c Make conversations using the information in 2a and 2b.
Boy: Mr. Brown, my parents say I’m too quiet at home.
Mr. Brown: Maybe they think you’re unhappy. You should let them know about
your life—share more of your thoughts with them.
Girl: Mr. Brown, my parents tell me it’s dangerous to chat on the Internet.
But do you think it’s OK?
Mr. Brown: Well, you need to be very careful in order to be safe ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Frank: My parents are going away on business for
a few days. I have to cook my own food
but I don’t know how to cook.
Li Ling: I can fill an empty stomach with tomato
and egg soup, but that’s all.
Julie: We really should learn how to look after ourselves when our parents
aren’t with us.
Frank: I agree. It’s important to learn some basic life skills, like cooking,
washing clothes and tidying up our rooms.
Li Ling: But now our parents do almost everything for us. They just want us to
study all the time.
Julie: We shouldn’t depend so much on our parents. Actually, cooking is not
that difficult. I know how to cook some simple dishes. I learned from
my mom.
Frank: That’s great! Could you teach me, Julie?
Julie: Why not? You can be my student!
66It‘s important to have good habits. UNIT 9
3a What habits do you have? What do you think of your habits? Write
them below and then discuss with your partner.
Habits Your opinions
3b Read the passage and circle the habits the two teenagers have.
Life can sometimes be difficult for help him. They know it is never too late
teenagers. Most, however, get through to change bad habits.
their teenage years with the help of
Wang Le wants to do
their families and friends. Du Fei and
things that most teenagers
Wang Le are two typical teenagers.
do. For her, it’s important
Du Fei is 15 years old. to have friends, and to
spend time with them.
Like many teenagers,
But perhaps she hangs
he has a few habits that
out with them a little too
are not so good for
much. Wang Le likes to eat junk food,
him. For example, he
and she would rather drink coffee and
listens to very loud
cola than water. Her parents have
music that is bad for
asked her to try to eat more healthily,
his hearing. On the other hand, he
but she doesn’t like to. However, Wang
doesn’t eat many snacks—he prefers
Le’s parents trust her because she tells
his mother’s home cooking. But in school
them her problems. They know she
he doesn’t pay attention in class, and his always does her best at school, so they
parents always tell him to try harder. let her organize her own life. She is
His parents and teachers want him to hardly ever stressed and she laughs a
change his attitude, and are happy to lot.
3c Read again and fill in the chart. Then give suggestions in groups.
Names Good habits Bad habits A: I think in order to be
healthier, Du Fei needs to…
Du Fei
B: Yes, and he should…
Wang Le C: He can also…
67UNIT 9
Grammar
Focus
It’s important to talk problems over with someone.
It’s important not to play computer games too much.
In order to be healthy, teenagers need to get enough sleep.
She is too young to make her own decisions.
Tell them not to meet strangers.
4a Fill in the blanks with the words in the box.
to exercise not to give not to make
to have to go swimming to make
1. It’s too cold for people in winter.
2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, it more difficult.
3. It’s necessary for the old every day.
4. his grandparents happy, Tom visits them every week.
5. Teenagers want some time for themselves on weekends.
6. You can always ask your boss you too much pressure.
4b Write sentences using the words given.
e.g. eat junk food / it / important / kids
It’s important for kids not to eat junk food.
1. necessary / exercise more / the teenagers / it
2. decide / the boy / such loud music / listen
3. him / the good news/ tell / remember
4. Jane’s friend / lose weight / every morning / run
5. a little kid /not easy / the math problem / it / work out
4c What do you often do after school? Do you think those activities are
important? Make a conversation according to the example.
● watch TV
● play sports A: Do you think it’s important to watch TV?
● study hard B: Yes, I think we can learn a lot on TV.
● get enough sleep C: But too much TV …
● …
68It‘s important to have good habits. UNIT 9
1a Look at the sentences below. Number them in the
Section
order that they are important to you.
B I need to do homework more carefully.
I need to find more time to read books.
I need to eat more healthily.
I want to talk things over with my parents more often.
I need to exercise more regularly.
I need to go to bed earlier.
1b Discuss the answers in 1a with your partner. Give each other advice on
how to improve your habits.
A: The most important thing for me is eating healthier food.
B: Why’s that?
A: Because I eat junk food much too often.
B: Well, you should eat it less often, and you need to exercise more.
A: I guess you’re right.
B: Yes. The more you exercise, the healthier you’ll become.
1c Listen to a conversation between Li Wei and her parents. Check (✔)
the phrases you hear.
weigh the most help us do better
the most healthily eat earlier
working much harder much more than you think
1d Listen again. Fill in the chart below.
Li Wei’s problems Father’s suggestions Mother’s suggestions
1e Find someone who does each thing in the chart below. Write the name
of your classmate in the chart.
Find someone who ... NAME
A: Do you eat more healthily now
eats more healthily now. Philip than before, Sue?
often hangs out with friends. B: Me? No, sorry!
A: OK. How about you, Philip?
needs to sleep more.
C: Yes, I do. I’ve given up junk food.
does homework late at night.
69UNIT 9
2a Discuss the following questions with your partner.
1. How many hours do you and your partner sleep every day?
2. What will happen if people do not have enough sleep?
2b Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. Why is it important for us to get
MAKING INFERENCES
enough sleep?
There is extra information that the
2. How many times a day do we need
writer did not say directly
to sleep? in the reading. As you read,think
about related information that we
can infer from the reading.
It’s Important to Get Enough Sleep.
We are often told that it’s important to get enough sleep, but do we know why?
The truth is, even scientists can’t agree on why we need to sleep. However, it’s
clear that the less we sleep, the worse we perform in everyday life.
Have you ever felt tired in the middle of the day, especially after lunch? Actually,
this is quite normal. Researchers have found that it may be healthier to sleep
twice a day—a long sleep at night, and a nap in the afternoon. Even a ten-minute
nap at lunchtime can allow us to work better in the afternoon. And if we really
can’t find a chance to nap, we should get a longer sleep at night so we don’t feel
tired after lunch.
Not getting enough sleep has serious effects on our brain’s ability to work. If
you go without sleep, you might have problems with your memory or with
your concentration. In order to concentrate at school or perform well in tests,
we really need to get a good night’s sleep.
Some people have trouble sleeping, especially if they are nervous or stressed about
something. Sleep experts say that it’s better not to try too hard to get to sleep, and
certainly not to keep looking at the time. To have good sleeping habits, it’s better
to sleep at regular times, and to sleep in a dark and quiet environment. It’s also
good not to sleep too soon after eating, or after drinking too much water.
The amount of sleep we need is different from
21 22 23 24 person to person, though the average seems to be
just under eight hours. Jim Steed, a sleep researcher,
has a simpler way of looking at it. “Forget about
facts and figures. If we feel tired in the daytime, it
means we need to get more sleep.”
70It‘s important to have good habits. UNIT 9
2c Check (✔) the information that we can infer from the passage.
1. A large amount of research has been done to understand sleep. ✔
2. It’s important for everyone to get the right amount of sleep.
3. Everyone needs a nap at lunchtime.
4. Students should not stay up and study all night before exams.
5. The brain needs to rest in order to work at its best.
2d In your own words, explain what the writer is saying in each paragraph.
In Paragraph 1, the writer says that getting enough sleep is important.
In Paragraph 2,
In Paragraph 3,
In Paragraph 4,
In Paragraph 5,
2e In your group, list ways that help people to get to sleep or get better sleep.
3a Look at the teenagers in the pictures. What do you think of their habits?
Write down your ideas.
71UNIT 9
3b Read this letter from a friend and write a reply for Li Ling.
Dear Li Ling, Dear Kim,
l have a problem that I need to talk over
Of course I want to help you.
with you, because it’s difficult for me to
I think
talk to my parents. I don’t think they
understand me as well as you do, and I’m
afraid they might be angry with me if I
talk to them. There are two things that are
important to me at the moment.
The first is that I want to be happier, and
the second is I need to eat more healthily.
My parents don’t let me go out with my
friends very often, and I often feel bored.
And I’m heavier than I should be. Can
you please tell me what to do?
A friend who needs help,
Your good friend,
Kim
Li Ling
Self Check
1 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of words in the box.
1. It’s important for teenagers to have good .
badly
2. A: John has a problem and I can’t help him.
healthily
B: talk it over with his parents.
habit
3. He used to behave in class.
tell him to
4. It’s for teenagers to get enough sleep.
important
5. My parents want me to eat more .
2 Write about changes you want to make in your life, and how you
plan to make them. Use the phrases in the box to help you.
● enough / not enough CHANGES HOW TO ACHIEVE THEM
● too much / many
I want to study more seriously. I’ll make a good study plan.
● more / less
● much more / less 1. 1.
● ask my parents to
2. 2.
● ask a teacher to
● to help me to 3. 3.
72U 10
NIT
Section
A I remember meeting all of you
in Grade 6.
Language Goals:
1a Check (✔) the things you remember doing at junior
Share past
high school. Add more to the list.
memories and
experiences;
Well, junior high
Look ahead to school days are over.
Do you have any
the future
special memories?
At junior high school,
I remember:
winning a prize
being a volunteer
doing a school survey
a friend helping me with
a problem
I remember
meeting all of you
in Grade 6.
1b Listen and match the memory with the person.
Mary a. did homework carefully to meet the standards of a strict teacher
Frank b. remembers losing a schoolbag
Sarah c. remembers meeting this group of friends
Peter d. has enjoyed every year of junior high school
Memories and experiences
1c List some
I remember ...
memories and
scoring two goals in a row during a soccer competition.
experiences
from junior
high school.
I have ...
Share your lists
learned to play the keyboard in music class.
with your
partner.
73
Page PBUNIT 10
2a Listen to the conversation. Check (✔) the facts you hear.
Someone didn’t like P.E.
Someone was advised to take a break from running by a teacher.
Someone had a health problem.
Someone joined the school band.
Someone liked Mr. Hunt’s teaching methods.
2b Listen again. Match each question with the name of the person.
Question Answer
1. Who wants to study medicine? a. Luke
2. Who told someone to take a break from running? b. Brian
3. Who hurt his or her knee? c. Mr. Hunt
4. Who thinks the That’s Life concert is the best memory? d. Lisa
A: Do you remember Mr. Hunt?
2c Role-play a conversation
B: Of course! He’s a great teacher. He gave
in your group using the
really clear instructions during P.E. class.
information in 2a and 2b.
C: Yeah, he ...
2d Role-play the conversation.
Judy: Which teachers will you miss the most after junior high school, Clara?
Clara: Ms. Lee and Mr. Brown.
Judy: I know that Ms. Lee was always patient with you in math class. She
helped you to work out the answers yourself no matter how difficult they
were.
Clara: Yes, and Mr. Brown guided me to do a lot better in science. He always
took the time to explain things to me clearly whenever I couldn’t understand
anything. Who will you miss?
Judy: Ms. Griffin. She encouraged me in English
class. She always told me, “You can do it!”
Because of her, I put in more effort and my
exam scores doubled.
Clara: Shall we get each of them a card and gift to
say thank you?
Judy: Good idea. Let’s go shopping tomorrow!
74I remember meeting all of you in Grade 6. UNIT 10
3a Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. What kind of writing is this?
2. What is the main subject of this writing?
3. Who do you think the writer is?
I Remember
Looking back at these past four years Preparing for art festivals
I remember many things And making a great big mess
Trying to be on time for morning readings Having fun at New Year’s parties
Running when the lunch bell rings Wishing everyone the best
I remember the excitement We have learned a different language
Of the school sports day each year That is from a foreign land
The many long hours of training English brings many challenges
Pride of overcoming fear We work hard to understand
I remember starting day one And now it’s time to graduate
The shyest in my whole class We will leave our lovely school
Never speaking to anyone I can’t believe it’s been four years
And thinking I would not pass I’m trying to keep my cool
Then slowly I made some new friends But it’s difficult not to cry
To remember forever I’ll miss the school trees and flowers
Helping each other with homework And our kind and caring teachers
Getting better together Wonderful memories of ours
3b Read the poem again. Write the words that rhyme with the words below.
things rings year class
land school flowers
3c Have you experienced any of the following things? How did you feel?
How does the writer feel about them?
1. trying to be on time for morning readings
2. running to the dining hall when the lunch bell rings
3. training for sports day
4. starting the first day in Grade 6
5. slowly making some new friends
6. helping classmates with homework
7. preparing for art festivals
8. going to New Year’s parties
9. learning English
75
Page PBUNIT 10
Grammar
Focus
What happened in Grade 6 that was Our team won the school basketball
special? competition.
How have you changed since you started I’ve become much better at speaking
junior high school? English.
How do you think things will be different I think that I’ll have to study much harder
in senior high school? for exams.
What are your plans for next year? I’m going to join the school volleyball
team.
What do you remember about Grade 8? I remember being a volunteer.
What did you use to do that you don’t I used to take dance lessons, but I don’t
do now? anymore.
What are you looking forward to? I’m looking forward to going to senior
high school.
4a Number the sentences to make a paragraph.
When I get to senior high, I will join the school swim team.
1 My time in junior high school has been enjoyable.
In Grade 7, I studied harder but I still got poor grades in English. I
had problems with pronunciation and reading texts. So the next year, I
worked much harder and got better grades.
Next year, I will be in senior high school. I can’t believe how fast the
time went by!
This year, with Mr. Trent’s help, my English level has been improving
and I hope to get good grades at the end of the year.
In the first year, I didn’t work very hard in class, but I joined many
different school clubs and had a lot of fun.
4b Write your own answers to the questions.
1. What do you remember about Grade 6?
2. What happened in Grade 7 that was special?
3. What did you use to do that you don’t do now?
4. How have you changed since you started junior high school?
5. How do you think things will be different in senior high school?
6. What are your plans for next year?
7. What are you looking forward to?
76I remember meeting all of you in Grade 6. UNIT 10
1a Write about what you would like to do in the future.
Section
B
1. get a business degree and become a manager
2.
3.
1b Talk about what you hope to do in the future.
A: What do you hope to do in the future?
B: I hope to get a business degree and become a manager.
1c Listen to a class discussion. Check (✔) the hopes you hear.
✔
1d Listen again. Complete the passage.
Today is the students’ last class. Bob feels about it and
thinks Mrs. Chen’s classes have been . The students talk
about what they want to do in the future. Bob hopes to
the exam to get into senior high school. Shirley wants to get into a
school. Ken is good at and he won a
for it. So he wants to be a(n) .
Mrs. Chen believes in all of them and tells them to “ ”. To
celebrate the end of junior high, they are having a . They
ask Mrs. Chen to come, and she is happy to accept the invitation.
1e Prepare a speech for your graduation. Use the questions to help you.
Present your speech to your group.
How have you changed since you started junior high school?
Who has helped you most?
What advice have your parents given you?
What will you do after you graduate?
What are you looking forward to?
77
Page PBUNIT 10
2a What is the most important thing you have learned in junior high
school? Discuss the question with a partner.
2b Read the passage and answer the questions.
1. What kind of text is this? Is it a story, a speech or a notice?
2. Who do you think wrote it?
3. Who is it for?
IDENTIFYING TEXT TYPE AND PURPOSE
Quickly read through a text to see what
kind of writing it is, who wrote it and
Ladies and gentlemen,
why it was written.
Thank you for coming today to
attend the graduation ceremony at
No. 3 Junior High School. First of all, I’d like to congratulate all the students who
are here today. I remember meeting all of you when you were just starting Grade
6 at this school. You were all so full of energy and thirsty for knowledge. And yes,
some of you were a little difficult to deal with! But today I see a room full of talented
young adults who are full of hope for the future. You’ve all grown up so much and I’m
so proud of you.
Although you’ve all worked very hard over the last four
years, none of you did it alone. I hope you’ll remember the
important people in your lives who helped and supported
you — your parents, your teachers and your friends.
Please consider what they’ve done for you and what
they mean to you. Never fail to be thankful to the people
around you.
Lastly, the end of junior high school is the beginning of
a new life. I don’t need to tell you that life in senior high
school will be harder and that you have many difficult
tasks ahead of you. You’ll make mistakes along the way,
but the key is to learn from your mistakes and never give up. But along with
difficulties, there will also be many exciting things waiting for you. Behind each
door you open are chances to learn new things, and you have the ability to make
your own choices. Choose wisely and be responsible for your decisions and
actions. Although you have to go your separate ways now, I hope that in a few years’
time, you’ll come back to visit our school. As you set out on your new journey, you
shouldn’t forget where you came from. The future is yours.
Good luck and hope to see you again sometime soon!
78I remember meeting all of you in Grade 6. UNIT 10
2c Read the passage again and answer the questions.
1. What were the students like in Grade 6?
2. How have the students changed?
3. Who should the students thank and why?
4. What will senior high be like?
5. How should the students deal with the future?
6. What advice would you give to students who are just starting junior high
school?
2d Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.
attend be thirsty for none set out be proud of
1. It is time to say goodbye, but of us want to leave.
2. It is always hard to separate from those whom you have spent so much time
with for the past four years. However, we are still excited to
on a new journey when we enter senior high school.
3. The teacher can see in our eyes that we knowledge. She tells
us that knowledge will give us wings to fly.
4. We will the junior high graduation ceremony tomorrow. It
is a very special time for us.
5. Our teachers and parents will us because we have grown up
and can be responsible for ourselves.
2e Underline the sentences you like in the passage. Tell your partner what
they mean and why you like them.
3a Think of a person or an event from junior high school that you will
never forget. Make some notes about how this person or event changed
your life in some way.
Who is the person? / What is the event?
When and where did you first meet this person? / When and where did
this event happen?
How did you feel when you met this person? / How did you feel when
this event happened?
How did this person help you? / What happened later?
How has this person’s advice/event changed your life?
79
Page PBUNIT 10
3b Write a passage about the person or event you thought about in 3a.
● Describe the person/event.
● Explain how you feel about this person/event.
● Describe how this person/event has changed your life.
Self Check
1 What happened in junior high that made you have these
feelings? Complete the chart.
Feelings Memories/Experiences
excited
happy
worried
sad
tired
proud
shy
2 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
I can’t (believe) that today is the last day of junior high
school. I still (remember) the first day of Grade 6 like
it was yesterday. I used to (be) a really shy person, so
on the first day of junior high, I (be) so scared and
nervous. I (think) that I would never make any friends.
But now, I (realize) that I was just being silly. Since then, I
(make) so many good friends and I (share)
so many good memories with them. Even though I (be) sad
that junior high is over, I (look) forward to new experiences
in senior high!
80Notes on the Text
Notes on the Text
Unit 1 When was it invented?
1. Well, you do seem to have a point ... 嗯，看来你说的确实有点道理⋯⋯
这句话中的助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，通常可译作“的确；确
实”。在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中，类似的例子
在本册第三单元中已出现。又如：
I do hope you can come to my party. 我真的希望你能来参加我的聚会。
在英语中，have a point通常指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。如：
Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice. 也许
你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。
2. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover tea
as a drink. 据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。
It is said that ...是一个常见句式，表示“据说⋯⋯”， that后面接完整的句子。又如：
It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number in many Western countries. 据说在许多
西方国家13是个不吉利的数字。
本单元还有一个类似的句式：It is believed that ..., 意思是“人们认为⋯⋯”，其后同
样接完整的句子。例如：
It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th
centuries. 人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了朝鲜和日本。
3. Cha Jing《 茶经》
《茶经》是我国唐代一部有关茶叶及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共分三卷十节，全
面叙述了茶叶生产的历史、源流、生产技术以及饮茶技艺和茶道原理，享有“茶叶百科全
书”之美誉。
4. In 1875, Mr. Bell learned how to send musical notes through an instrument
similar to a telephone. 1875年贝尔先生学会用一种类似电话的器械发送乐符。
musical note意为“乐符”。作为术语，在音乐主题下常简写作note。如：high notes
为“高音符”，low notes为“低音符”。
5. Today, the popularity of basketball has risen around the world, with many
young people dreaming of becoming famous players. 如今，许多年轻人都梦想成为著
名的篮球运动员，篮球在世界各地也越来越普及。
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1) 此处today用作副词，修饰整个句子，并非指具体的“今天；今日”，而是表示当
前的一段时间，相当于汉语“如今；当今”的意思，这与汉语“今天”一词的使用十分相
似。再如：
Today, only a few kinds of these beautiful animals still live on the earth. 现今，这些美
丽的动物只有少数几种还生活在地球上。
It seems to me that kids today depend more on their parents. 在我看来，如今的孩子
更加依赖他们的父母。
2) 本句中，介词with与在意义上有主谓关系的复合结构many young people dreaming
of ...构成短语，用作状语。
6. The number of foreign players, including Chinese players, in the NBA has
increased. NBA中的外国球员数量有所增加，其中也包括中国球员。
1) 此句主语的核心名词是number，表示“数量”，由于是单数形式，谓语动词需要
与之相匹配，故为has increased。语法上，人们将这种主语和谓语在数上的匹配称作“主
谓一致”。当主语为复数概念时，谓语动词用复数形式与之匹配；当主语为单数概念时，
谓语动词则用单数形式。例如：
People there are very friendly. 那里的人们十分友善。（people为复数概念）
The United Nations is an international organization that tries to find peaceful
solutions to world problems. 联合国是一个尝试寻求和平解决世界问题的国际组织。（the
United Nations是一个组织，为单数概念）
2) 短语the number of ...意为“⋯⋯的数量；⋯⋯的数目”，如：the number of
students in the class（班级人数），the number of animals（动物的数量）。The number
of ...用作主语时，其谓语动词应用单数形式。英语另有a number of ...短语，表示“若
干的；一些”，用来修饰可数名词，如：a number of students（一些学生），a number of
mistakes（一些错误）。A number of ...用作主语时，其谓语动词应用复数形式。注意不要
将两者混淆。试比较：
The number of people killed in the accident hasn’t been announced yet. 这次事故中
死亡的人数尚未公布。
A number of people are unhappy with this decision. 一些人对这项决定并不满意。
Unit 2 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
1. No way! 不行！
这是英语口语中一个直接拒绝对方的表达用语，强调不赞同别人的观点，或根本没有
可能按其要求去做某事，具体意思类似于汉语的“不可能；不行”等。
另外，英语口语中还常用There’s no way ...这样的惯用表达，用以陈述某人无法做某
82Notes on the Text
事。例如：
There’s no way I’m going to stay in a hotel for 800 yuan a night. That’s too expensive
for me. 我根本无法去住800元一晚的宾馆，那对我来说太贵了。
There is, of course, no way to know for sure. 当然，没有什么办法能够得到确切的答案。
2. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced. 应该允许16岁
的孩子穿耳洞。
此句中的get是使役动词，其搭配用法多种多样，这里接的是带有过去分词的复合结
构。get something done是一个常见的固定搭配，常用来表达“请别人做某事；使某事完
成（自己也可能参与）”，something与其后所接的done（过去分词）存在逻辑上的动宾关
系。例如：
Go and get your hair cut. 去找人理一下发。（相当于Go and get someone to cut your
hair.）
3. When I was a tiny baby crying all night, my mom sang to me and stayed by
my side. 当我还是一个整夜哭闹的小宝宝时，妈妈会给我唱歌，陪伴在我身旁。
此句中的crying all night是一个现在分词短语，用在名词baby后面作定语，起修饰名
词的作用。由于本单元的语篇Mom Knows Best属于诗歌体裁，文中运用了排比的修辞手
法，因此，现在分词（短语）作后置定语的现象在文中出现了多次。在初中阶段，学生只
需要理解这一结构在句子中的作用和含义即可，不必要求掌握或运用。
4. Now I’m an adult, thinking back to those times. 现在我已长大成人，回想起那
过去的岁月。
此处名词times意指“时光；岁月；时代”。除times一词外，有时人们还会使用days
表达类似含义。例如：
People started to train and use the horse in ancient times. 在古代人们就开始驯养和
使用马匹了。
In those days, people used to write a lot more letters. 那时候人们更习惯写信。
5. Only then will I have a chance to achieve my dream. 只有那样我才会有机会实
现我的梦想。
这是一个倒装句，正常语序是I will have a chance to achieve my dream only then，
但由于与前文的连贯性及强调的需要，only then被置于句首。
英语的句子大多主语在前，谓语在后。但在一些句子中，由于修辞或句子结构上的需
要，谓语被部分或完全置于主语之前，构成“倒装语序”。
only用于句子的开头，后接副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子应倒装。例如：
Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was lost. 直到昨天他才发现他的手表丢了。
Only after a year did I begin to see the results of my work. 直到一年后，我才开始看
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到我工作的成果。
Unit 3 It must belong to Carla.
1. Well, where did you last put it? 那么，最后一次你把它（书包）放在哪里了呢？
本句中last为副词，意思是“上次；最近的一次；最后一次”。last除用于句末外，还
常置于句子中间。例如：
When I last saw her, she was working in Shanghai. 我上次见她时，她在上海工作。
When did you see him last? 你最近见到他是什么时候？
2. I think somebody must have picked it up. 我想一定有人捡到它了。
此句情态动词must表示推测，意为“一定”。英语中当情态动词后接have done时，
表达对过去的事情进行推测，故must have done something表示“过去一定做过了”这样
的意思。例如：
He’s playing outside. He must have finished his homework. 他在外边玩，一定已经把
作业做完了。
3. Stonehenge 巨石阵
巨石阵位于英国伦敦西南100多公里索尔兹伯里平原上，是一处呈环形屹立的巍峨巨
石建筑遗迹，也是欧洲著名的史前时代文化神庙遗址。巨石阵是如何建造的、其目的何在
对现代人类来说仍是一个谜，这也正是巨石阵吸引人们之处。在英国人心目中，巨石阵是
一个神圣的地方，每年都有大量的游客前往观光，感受巨石阵的神奇魅力。
4. For many years, historians believed Stonehenge was a temple where ancient
leaders tried to communicate with the gods. 多年以来，历史学家们认为巨石阵是古代
首领用来与神灵沟通的一座神庙。
此句中的where ancient leaders tried to communicate with the gods是由关系副词
where引导的一个定语从句，修饰名词temple。
5. The large stones were put together in a certain way. 这些大块的石头以某种方
式被摆放在一起。
in a certain way表示“以某种方式”，其中certain表达“某一；某个；某些”的意
思，仅用于名词之前。例如：
The doctor is only at this hospital on certain days. 那位医生只有在某些日子才在这所
医院里。
The library is only open at certain times of the day. 图书馆仅在一天的某些时段开放。
It’s wrong and dangerous to leave children under a certain age alone in the house. 把
某个年龄以下的孩子独自留在家中是不对而且危险的。
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6. As you walk there, you can feel the energy from your feet move up your
body. 当你走到那儿，你能感觉到（一股）能量从你的双脚上升到你的身体里。
此句中的feel是感官动词，其后可接宾语（the energy from your feet）和不带to的动
词不定式充当的宾语补足语（move up your body），其用法与see，hear，watch等词一
样。再如：
We felt the house shake. 我们感到房子在晃动。
Unit 4 I like music that I can dance to.
1. Hmm, depends which movie. 嗯，取决于哪部电影。
1) 本句省略了depends前的主语it和which movie后的从句部分we’ll watch，这是
典型的口语表达形式。在口语和非正式场合，为保持语言简洁明了，交流者往往会省略彼
此所知或逻辑上可明确推断的内容。例如：
Will come and meet you at around ten tomorrow morning. Hope you’ll get every-
thing ready. 明天上午10点左右前来见面。希望你把一切准备就绪。（省略will和hope前
的主语I）
Anything I can do for you? 我能为您做些什么吗？（省略句首部分Is there）
Please hand me one of those books; I don’t care which. 请把那些书递给我一本，不
管哪本都行。（省略句尾部分you hand me）
2) It depends (on) who/what/how/whether ...是一个常见句型。当depend后接含
有who，what，how等词的不定式短语或宾语从句时，介词on常会省略。例如：
It depends what day you catch me, and at what time of day. 这取决于你哪天见我，以
及见我的时间。
Well, as for this matter, I can’t decide for now. Depends whether or not your dad will
say yes. 嗯，这件事我现在决定不了，取决于你老爸是否会同意。
2. I just want to laugh and not think too much. 我只想笑一笑，不想过多费神思考。
这句话中的to laugh和not think too much均为动词不定式，但后者在not和think之
间省略了to。英语语句中当多个不定式结构并列使用时，to出现在第一个结构中，后面的
往往会省略。再如：
She likes to sing, dance and hang out with her friends. 她喜欢唱歌、跳舞、与朋友们
外出消遣。
3. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies that can cheer me up. 当我心情不好
或疲惫时，我更爱看那些能使我高兴起来的电影。
此句中down为形容词，表示“不高兴；心情不畅；伤心”等，仅用于连系动词之后
作表语。又如：
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He’s been feeling a bit down ever since he got his exam results. 从他获知自己的考试
成绩以来，他一直感觉有些郁闷不快。
She’s been really down since her husband died. 自从她丈夫去世后，她一直都很伤心
低落。
4. The piece which was played on the erhu especially moved me. 那首用二胡演
奏的乐曲尤其使我感动。
此句中piece表示音乐作品，相当于汉语的“一首歌；一支乐曲”等。例如：
When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music. 当他还
是个小孩子，就会哼唱歌曲和颇有难度的乐曲。
I especially like that short piece by Beethoven. 我特别喜欢贝多芬的那首小曲。
5. It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future
world to hear, but his popularity continues to this day. 遗憾的是，一共只有六首曲子被
录了下来得以传世，但时至今日，他（阿炳）依旧颇受欢迎。
popularity在此表示“声望；知名度”之意。当我们说to win popularity或to enjoy
popularity即指“享盛名；得众望；受欢迎”。再如：
Country music is growing in popularity. 乡村音乐正逐渐得到更多人的喜爱。
Unit 5 You’re supposed to shake hands.
1. I held out my hand and to my surprise, she kissed me on both sides of my
face! 我伸出手来（想要握手），可令我吃惊的是，她居然亲吻了我的双颊！
kiss为“亲吻”之意，既可作动词，也可作名词。作动词使用时，后面可接某人作宾
语，若需进一步说出所亲吻的部位时，再用介词on引入，即形成kiss somebody on ... 结
构，本句便是如此。再如：
Will you kiss him? 你会吻他吗？
She kissed the child on the forehead. 她吻了孩子的额头。
当kiss用作名词时，常用于give somebody a kiss on ...，例如：
She gave me a quick kiss on the cheek and said goodbye. 她在我面颊上轻快一吻，向
我道别。
2. Where I’m from, we’re pretty relaxed about time. 在我们那个地方，我们的时
间观念比较随意。
此句中的where用作连词，引导地点状语从句，说明主句行为发生的地点。例如：
Where I live, there are plenty of peach trees. 在我住的地方有很多桃树。
Remember to keep the kids where you can see them. 记住让孩子们待在你能看得见
的地方。
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3. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday
lives. 我们特别珍惜平日生活中和家人、朋友在一起的时光。
1) 动词value表示“珍视；珍重；重视”等含义。例如：
I’ve always valued my teachers’ advice. 我一直很重视老师们所给的建议。
2) life在此句中的意义是“生活”，用作可数名词。例如：
Many people make different kinds of friends in their social lives. 许多人在他们的社交
生活中结交了各种不同的朋友。
一些常用短语和表达，如live/have/lead a ... life，常用life的单数形式。如：
She just wanted to live a quiet life. 她只想过平静的生活。
4. Also, we never visit a friend’s house without calling first. 而且，我们也从不事
先未通电话便登门拜访朋友。
这是一个双重否定的句子，其中never和without均表示否定，合在一起表达肯定的
意义，即“一定会”。这一点，英、汉两种语言表现相近。再如：
Some girls would never go out without taking time to dress themselves up. 有些女孩
不花些时间穿着打扮一番是不会出门的。
You will hardly ever be able to speak good English without practicing. 你不练习几乎
是不可能把英语说好的。
5. Mind your manners! 注意你的礼仪！
1) Mind ... 是一个警示句型，相当于汉语的“注意⋯⋯；当心；小心⋯⋯”。例如：
Mind your head, please! 请当心碰头！
Mind your steps! 小心台阶！
2) 此句中manners意为“礼貌；规矩；礼节；礼仪”，在表达这一意义时，manner
通常用复数形式。例如：
have (no) manners 讲（不讲）礼貌；有（没有）礼貌；懂（不懂）礼貌
It’s bad manners to talk with your mouth full. 满嘴食物时说话是不礼貌的行为。
6. You wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has improved because of that.
你简直都想不到就因为这样我的法语提高得有多快。
You wouldn’t believe ...是一个常用句式，相当于汉语所说的“你无法想象⋯⋯；你
想都想不到⋯⋯；你绝不会相信⋯⋯”，表示所陈述的事情超出想象之外。与此类似的
表达还有You would never believe ...或You would hardly believe ...。例如：
You wouldn’t believe that he found his long-lost sister in Taiwan! 你绝对想不到他在
台湾找到了失散多年的姐姐！
You would never believe what quick progress he’s made ever since he attended your
class. It is a miracle! 您根本无法想象，自从他听了您的讲课后进步有多大。简直是个奇迹！
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7. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 我最大的
挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。
learning how to behave at the dinner table是动词-ing形式短语，在句中作表语。
再如：
His main hobby is fishing. 他的主要爱好是钓鱼。
The most important thing is getting there in time. 最重要的事是及时到达那里。
Unit 6 Sad movies make me cry.
1. John: Did you have fun with Amy last night? 约翰：昨晚你和埃米玩得开心吗？
Tina: Well ... yes and no ... 蒂娜：嗯，既开心又不开心⋯⋯
yes and no表示对某一问题的两可回答，意思是“既是又不是；不能说定”。例如：
A: Were you surprised when you received something from Andy?你收到安迪的东西时
惊讶吗？
B: Well, yes and no. I knew he would send me something. But I just wasn’t sure what it
would be.嗯，既惊讶又不惊讶。我知道他会给我送东西，但是不知道他会送什么。
2. Mmm ... why don’t you ask Alice to join you each time you do something
with Julie? 嗯⋯⋯每次和朱莉在一起的时候，你何不邀请艾丽斯加入呢？
这里each time引导时间状语从句，类似each time引导时间状语从句的连词还有
every time，next time等。如：
Every time I come, he is busy. 每次我来他都很忙。
Next time you go skating, please wear warm clothes. 下次滑冰要穿暖和的衣服。
3. Then she won’t feel left out. 那么她就不会觉得自己被冷落。
to be/feel left out表示“被遗忘；被忽略；被冷落；被抛弃”之类的意思。例如：
A new father often feels left out when his baby arrives. 当自己的孩子出生时，新爸爸
往往有被冷落的感觉。
If you don’t catch up, you’ll be left out. 如果你不抓紧赶上大家，你就会落在我们之后啦。
4. His face was always pale as chalk. 他总是面色苍白。
(as) pale as chalk是一种明喻修辞结构，虽然英语把苍白比作chalk（白垩，一种白色
石灰岩），但汉语不可直译，相当于我们说的“惨白；苍白”。例如：
You look as pale as chalk today. What’s wrong? 今天你看着面色苍白，哪里不舒服？
另外值得注意的是，汉语描述不健康的人的面部颜色时常用“白”字，如“煞白；苍
白；灰白”等等，英语常用pale来表达。例如：
He suddenly went pale. 他突然面色变白。
5. How could he have missed scoring that goal? 他怎么没把球射进呢？
88Notes on the Text
此句could have done表示“过去本能够做某事却未做”，包含“责备”意义。又如：
How could he have been such a fool? 他怎么这么糊涂？
How could she have forgotten what kind of man he was? 她怎么能忘记他是哪种人呢？
6. But whatever it was, don’t be too hard on yourself. 但不管结果怎样，不要对自
己要求太苛刻。
to be hard on somebody是一个常用短语，表示“过于严格地要求某人；对某人过于
严厉”或“以刻薄的方式批评、对待某人”。例如：
Some teachers today are too hard on their students. 如今一些老师对学生的要求过于
严厉。
Perhaps I’m too hard on my daughter. 或许我对我女儿要求过头了。
7. The next day, Peter went to soccer practice with courage rather than fear in
his heart. 第二天，彼得并没有害怕，而是勇敢地去参加足球训练。
rather than意思是“并非；而不是”。例如：
I, rather than you, should do the work. 该做这工作的是我，而不是你。
The most valuable thing is time, rather than money. 最珍贵的是时间，而不是金钱。
8. But I think if we continue to pull together, we’re going to win the next one.
但我想只要我们继续团结一致，我们就会赢得下一场比赛。
pull together是一个常用短语，意思是“齐心协力；通力合作”。例如：
If all of us can pull together, there must be something we can do to improve the
environment. 如果我们都能齐心协力，我们一定能做点什么来改善环境。
Unit 7 Life is full of the unexpected.
1. I was about to go up when I decided to get a coffee first. 我正要上楼，这时我
决定先去买杯咖啡。
be about to do something是一种表达将来的结构。Somebody is about to do something
或Something is about to happen表示“某人即将做某事”或“某事就要发生”，表达的是一
种眼下的、最近的将来。例如：
We were just about to set off when Kate returned with the bad news. 我们正要出发，
这时凯特回来了，带来了坏消息。
Oh, I was just about to leave you a message. 噢，我正要给你写个留言条呢。
注意：be going to do something表达对未来的“计划；打算”。例如：
We’re going to have a picnic this weekend. 本周末我们打算进行一次野餐。
2. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building.
我们直愣愣地盯着燃烧着的大楼上升起的黑烟，无法相信（这一切）。
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1) stare表示“（目不转睛地）盯着瞧；凝视”的意思，是不及物动词，用法与look
类似，接宾语时需要用介词at来引入所注视的内容。例如：
What are you staring at? 你眼睛一动不动地在盯着看什么呢？
Don’t stare at people like that. It’s rude. 别那样盯着人看，这不礼貌。
2) 介词短语 in disbelief用来表示人们持有怀疑、疑虑的态度，常与stare at
somebody, shake one’s head等搭配使用。例如：
I stared at him in disbelief, shocked at what he had said. 我直盯着他，十分震惊，不
相信他说的一切。
My grandmother shook her head in disbelief. 我奶奶摇着头，丝毫不信。
3. April Fool’s Day 愚人节
这是英美等英语国家一个特有的娱乐性节日。每年4月1日，朋友、熟人间往往会无
中生有，编出一些玩笑来相互愚弄，人们一旦相信，便被大家嬉笑为“四月愚人”（April
fool）。由于其特定的愉悦氛围和文化特质，这一节日深受大众，尤其是青年人喜爱，也
逐渐流传到世界其他国家。
4. Many April Fool’s jokes may end up being not very funny. 许多愚人节玩笑的
结局并不是那么有趣。
end up意为“结束；以⋯⋯告终”，后面常接介词短语或动词的-ing形式。例如：
Marley warns Scrooge to change his ways if he doesn’t want to end up like him. 马利
告诫斯克鲁奇，若是不想与他落得同样下场就得改变自己的行事方式。
He needs to think about what will happen if he doesn’t end up as a professional
runner. 他需要思考，如果最终不能成为职业赛跑运动员会怎么样。
Every time she went to see that movie, she ended up crying her eyes out. 每次她去看
那部电影，最后都哭得跟泪人似的。
Unit 8 We’re trying to save the earth!
1. So together, our actions can make a difference and lead to a better future! 因
此，我们齐心协力就能带来变化，创造更加美好的未来。
make a difference (to ...)表示“（对⋯⋯）产生影响或作用”。例如：
Do you think his words would make any difference to the final decision? 你认为他的
话会对最后的决定产生影响吗？
The new teacher always encourages little Tom. This has made a big difference to him.
新来的老师总是鼓励小汤姆，这对他影响很大。
2. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. 如果它们
（鲨鱼）的数目降至过低，会给所有海洋生物带来危险。
90Notes on the Text
此句复数形式的numbers表达全球海洋中鲨鱼的总量。当表示数值的高或低时，
number要用high或low修饰。例如：
In that country, the number of children going to school is higher in cities than in
towns and villages. 在那个国家，城市儿童入学人数比乡镇及农村要高。
常与number搭配的动词有grow，fall等。例如：
The number of families that own cars has been growing quickly recently. 近来拥有轿
车的家庭数量增长很快。
3. Environmental protection groups around the world, such as WildAid and
the WWF, are teaching the public about “finning”. 世界各地的环境保护组织，如野生
救援协会和世界自然基金会，都在教育公众有关“猎翅”（获取鱼翅而猎杀鲨鱼）的行为。
1) 英语中fin本为名词，指“鱼鳍”。此句的finning由动词化的fin（割鲨鱼鳍以获
取鱼翅）的-ing形式转化而成，指课文中所陈述的“猎翅”（获取鱼翅而猎杀鲨鱼）这一
行为。
2) WildAid和WWF组织
WildAid（美国野生救援协会）是保护野生动物及栖息地环境的一个非盈利性的机构，
1999年注册成立，其宗旨是保护及救助世界范围内的野生动物；WWF（世界自然基金会）
英文全称为World Wide Fund For Nature，成立于1961年，是享有国际盛誉、全球最大
的独立性非政府环境保护组织之一。
4. She lives in a house in the UK that she built herself out of rubbish. 她住在英
国，房子是她自己用废弃物建造而成。
that she built ...是一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词house。
build/make ... out of ...表示“用⋯⋯建造/制作”。例如：
This art piece is made out of glass. 这个艺术品是用玻璃做的。
5. The top of the house is an old boat turned upside down. 房子的顶部是一条翻
转过来的旧木船。
此处过去分词短语turned upside down意为“被翻转过来的；被颠倒过来的”，用作
后置定语，修饰名词boat。英语中短语和从句用作定语时，一般置于名词之后，作后置定
语。例如：
the sign on the wall 墙上的标志牌（介词短语后置作定语）
the children boating on the lake 湖上泛舟的孩子们（现在分词短语后置作定语）
the stories invented by eight- and nine-year-olds 八九岁小孩子编写的故事（过去分词
短语后置作定语）
a machine that can do many kinds of housework 一个能做多种家务的机器（句子后
置作定语）
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6. Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even
cold, hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity. 艺术不但可以给他人
带来快乐，而且也说明只需要一点创造力，即便是冰冷、坚硬的铁也可产生活力。
not only ... but also ...是一个并列连词，相当于汉语的“不但⋯⋯而且⋯⋯”。例如：
Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play but it has also become a
popular sport to watch. 篮球不仅成为一项人们喜欢玩的运动，也成为一项人们喜欢观看
的运动。
Stonehenge is not only one of Britain’s most famous historical places, but also one of
its greatest mysteries. 巨石阵不仅是英国最著名的历史古迹之一，也是英国最大的未解之
谜之一。
当not only ... but (also) ...连接两个并列分句时， not only后的分句用倒装语序。例如：
Not only did he hear it, but also he saw it. 他不但听见了，而且也看见了。
Not only does he speak English correctly, but he also speaks it fluently. 他不仅英语说
得正确，还说得流利。
Unit 9 It’s important to have good habits.
1. It’s important to have good habits. 有良好的生活习惯很重要。
在此句中，It是形式上的主语，不定式to have good habits是真正的主语。句型结构
为：It+be+adj./n.+to do sth./not to do sth. 例如：
It is unwise to give the children whatever they want. 给孩子他们想要的一切是不明
智的。
It is necessary to learn a foreign language. 学一门外语是很必要的。
2. Actually, cooking is not that difficult. 实际上，煮饭并不难。
that在此句中是副词，意思是“那么，那样”，强调程度之深。
3. Most, however, get through their teenage years with the help of their
families and friends. 然而，大部分的青少年都能在家人和朋友的帮助下顺利地度过他们
的青春期。
介词短语with the help of…意思是“在⋯⋯的帮助下”，还可以表达为“with one’s
help”。例如：
With the teacher’s help, I’ve made great progress in English. 在老师的帮助下，我的英
语取得了很大进步。
4. The more you exercise, the healthier you’ll become. 你运动得越多，你就会变
得越健康。
“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越⋯⋯，就越⋯⋯”，是英语中一种固定的表
92Notes on the Text
达方式。其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。the用在形容词或副词的比较
级前。例如：
The sooner, the better. 越早越好。
The more she learns, the more she wants to learn. 她越学就越想学。
5. Not getting enough sleep has serious effects on our brain’s ability to work. 得
不到足够的睡眠会严重影响我们大脑的工作能力。
1) 在此句中，动名词的否定形式“not getting enough sleep”作主语。这句话与本
单元中的“Exercising helps teenagers to stay healthy.”属于同一类型的句子结构。
2) have an effect on意思是“对⋯⋯有影响”。例如：
The environment has a great effect on the growth of children. 环境对孩子的成长影响
很大。
6. The amount of sleep we need is different from person to person. 我们需要的
睡眠多少因人而异。
the amount of意思是“⋯⋯的数量”，an amount of意思是“大量的”，后面通常接
不可数名词。例如：
The amount of rainfall determines the quality of the crop. 降雨量决定着收成的好坏。
A million dollars is an amount of money. 一百万美元是一笔庞大的资金。
Unit 10 I remember meeting all of you in Grade 6.
1. We have learned a different language. 我们学习了一种不同的语言。
That is from a foreign land. 它来自异国他乡。
这两行诗句实为一个句子，从句that is from a foreign land是language的定语，表示
“一门来自异国的不同语言”。land在此指“国家”，a foreign land便是“外国”之意，但
这种说法多见于诗歌或散文等文学语言中。
2. I’m trying to keep my cool. 我在尽力保持冷静。
keep one’s cool意思是“保持沉着；不让自己失去控制”，cool在此用作名词。例如：
“I must keep my cool,” she thought. “Losing my temper isn’t going to help.” 她想：
“我要保持冷静，发脾气是不会起作用的。”
与keep one’s cool意思相似的还有keep cool。例如：
Keep cool!保持冷静！
注意：keep cool中的cool用作形容词，而keep one’s cool中的cool为名词。
3. As you set out on your new journey, you shouldn’t forget where you came
from. 在新的旅行启程之际，不应忘了你来自何处。
1) set out on something意思是“开始进行新的或重要的事情”。例如：
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When we set out on this project, we knew it would be difficult. 我们开始着手这个项
目时就知道它的难处。
2) set out是一个常用短语，表示“出发”。例如：
After a three-day rest, the travelers set out again. 这些旅行者休息三天后又出发了。
3) journey的本义是“旅程”，此句里用的是它的引申义，即它的隐喻用法，意思是
“ (人生的) 阶段或行程”。隐喻在英语中很常见，例如：
Learning is a life-long journey. 学习是终身旅程。
Time is money. 时间就是金钱。
The book is the fruit of the couple’s hard work. 这本书是这对夫妇辛苦付出的成果。
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Tapescripts
Unit 1 When was it invented? about for my English homework.
Section A, 1b Alex: I see ... What’s that, then?
Alice: Was your life very difficult when Carol: They’re shoes with lights. You use
you were a kid? them for seeing in the dark when you
Grandma: Oh, not really. Why? get up at night.
Alice: Well, you didn’t have modern Alex: Oh, that’s a cool idea! I always hit my
inventions like a telephone, right? toe against something on the way to
Grandma: Of course we did! How old do you the bathroom at night.
think I am? The telephone was Carol: Next is a special ice-cream scoop. This
invented in 1876. You need to take is my favorite invention. It runs on
a history class, Alice! electricity and becomes hot.
Alice: Haha! How about cars? They Alex: I know what it’s for! It’s used for
weren’t invented yet, were they? serving really cold ice-cream.
Grandma: Yes, they were. Cars were invented Carol: Yes, that’s right! The last invention
in 1885. My family had a car. I’m going to write about is shoes with
Alice: Well, did you have a TV? special heels. You can move the heels
Grandma: No, we couldn’t afford one. They up and down.
were expensive in those days. The Alex: What are they used for?
TV was invented around 1927, I Carol: Well, you can change the style of your
think. shoes. You can raise the heels if you are
Alice: Well, I know that you didn’t have going to a party or lower them if you
a computer, because we learned are just going out for shopping.
in school that personal computers Section B, 1c, 1d
were invented in 1971. Boy 1: Hey, did you know that potato chips
Grandma: You’re right. But I have one now! were invented by mistake?
Section A, 2a, 2b Boy 2: Really? What do you mean?
Alex: Hi, Carol. Wow, what are those? Boy 1: Well, here on the bag it says that they
Carol: Hello, Alex. Oh, these are some of the were invented by a cook called George
interesting inventions that I’m writing Crum.
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Boy 2: When was that? aren’t serious enough. I’m worried
Boy 1: Oh, it was back in 1853. about your safety.
Boy 2: So, why was it an accident? Anna: But Gaby’s getting her ears pierced
Boy 1: Well, one day, a customer came into at the shopping center and I want to
the restaurant where George worked. watch.
He ordered a plate of fried potatoes. Mom: Sixteen-year-olds shouldn’t be
When the potatoes came, he said they allowed to get their ears pierced
were cut too thick and sent them back either. They’re too young.
to the kitchen. Anna: I agree, but it’s fun to watch. Can I
Boy 2: So what happened? take the bus then?
Boy 1: Well, George was angry, so he cut Mom: Well, OK.
the potatoes really, really thin, and Anna: Great! I want to buy a new skirt, too.
he cooked them for a long time until Mom: What kind of skirt? Maybe I should
they were crispy. And he put lots of go with you.
salt on them so they were really salty. Anna: Aww, Mom. I’m not a child. I think
He thought the customer would hate teenagers should be allowed to
them. choose their own clothes.
Boy 2: And? Mom: Well, I just want to make sure you get
Boy 1: And the customer loved them and something nice.
asked for more. He told the other Section A, 2a, 2b
customers about them, and soon Kathy: Hi, Molly. Where’s your brother
everyone was ordering thinly cut, Larry? I thought he was joining us.
crispy, salty potato chips. Molly: Hi, Kathy. I’m sorry. Larry can’t join
Boy 2: And we’re still eating them today. us after all. He is working late tonight.
What a cool story! Kathy: Oh, Larry’s working late again?
Molly: Yeah, he is.
Unit 2 Teenagers should be allowed to Kathy: I see ... I really don’t think sixteen-
choose their own clothes. year-olds should be allowed to work
Section A, 1b at night. Young people need to sleep.
Anna: Mom, can I go to the shopping center Molly: Oh, I disagree with you. Teenage boys
with John? He just got his driver’s never get tired.
license. Kathy: Well, maybe. But Larry shouldn’t
Mom: No way! I don’t think sixteen-year- work every night.
olds should be allowed to drive. They Molly: That’s true. He needs time to do
96Tapescripts
homework. test later. It’s not fair if they don’t even
Kathy: And you know, Molly ... he should give me a chance!
really cut his hair. Dad: Well, you might still be allowed. Maybe
Molly: Oh, I don’t know. Do you think it’s you could talk to the teacher after
too long? school.
Kathy: Yes, I do. It doesn’t look clean. And I Peter: Yeah. Maybe if I explain what happened,
think he should stop wearing that silly she’ll understand.
earring.
Molly: Hmm ... I disagree. I kind of like it. It Unit 3 It must belong to Carla.
looks cool! Section A, 1b
Kathy: You know another thing that worries Girl 1: Whose volleyball is this?
me? Larry doesn’t seem to have many Boy: It must be Carla’s. She loves volleyball.
friends. Girl 1: How about this toy truck?
Molly: Yeah, I know. I think he shouldn’t Girl 2: Hmm ... that toy truck must belong
work on weekends. to Jane’s little brother. He was the
Kathy: That’s right. He needs to spend time only little kid at the picnic. And the
with friends. magazine must belong to Deng Wen.
Section B, 1c, 1d He loves rabbits.
Dad: What’s the matter, Peter? Boy: Oh, look, someone left a book.
Peter: I think I’m going to fail a math test, Girl 2: That book must be Mary’s. J. K.
Dad. Rowling is her favorite writer.
Dad: You are? Why? Girl 1: OK ... and how about this CD?
Peter: Well, I missed the bus and I had to walk Girl 2: Hmm ... The CD must belong to
to school. Grace. She always listens to pop music.
Dad: So? Section A, 2a, 2b
Peter: I’m not allowed to get to class late, and Bob: Hey, look! Whose schoolbag do you
there was a big test today. think this is?
Dad: And you weren’t allowed to take the Anna: I don’t know. Look, here’s a school
test? T-shirt.
Peter: That’s right. But I know I could pass Bob: Well then, the person must go to our
that test. school. Oh! Here is a hair band, so the
Dad: Well, Peter, the school has to have person can’t be a boy.
rules, you know. Anna: It could be Mei’s hair band. She has
Peter: I know. But they should let me take the long hair.
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Bob: Or the hair band might belong to Woman: Where?
Linda. She was at the picnic, wasn’t Man: Over there.
she? Woman: It’s a woman with a camera.
Anna: Yes, she was. But then the schoolbag Man: She could be from the TV news.
could belong to Rita. She’s always Woman: No, look at all those other people.
forgetting things. They’re actors. Oh! They must be
Bob: Oh, look! Tennis balls. making a movie.
Anna: Then it must be Linda’s schoolbag. She
has long hair and she’s on the tennis Unit 4 I like music that I can dance to.
team. Section A, 1b
Bob: You’re right! Betty: Oh, look! There’s the new Cool Kids
Section B, 1b, 1c CD.
Man: Hey, look at the man running Tony: The Cool Kids? Do you like them?
down the street. I wonder what’s Betty: Oh, yeah. They’re my favorite band. I
happening. like music that I can dance to.
Woman: He could be running for exercise. Tony: You’re kidding. I think they’re awful.
Man: But he’s wearing a suit. He might be I prefer music that has great lyrics ...
late for work. music that I can sing along with.
Woman: He looks kind of afraid. (pause) Oh, Betty: I like songs that I can sing along with,
no! What’s that? too. So what’s your favorite band?
Man: Where? Tony: The Lions. They always have
Woman: There’s something in the sky. interesting lyrics.
Man: It could be a plane. Section A, 2a, 2b
Woman: No, it can’t be a plane. It’s too big. It Xu Fei: Look, Carmen. These T-shirts are
must be a UFO. great! Look at this one.
Man: A UFO? What’s going on? Carmen: What a great T-shirt, Xu Fei! I
Woman: Look, now the UFO is landing ... really love the Australian singer Dan
Man: And there’s something strange Dervish. I like musicians who play
getting out. It must be an alien. different kinds of music.
Woman: And the alien is running after the Xu Fei: Hmm ... I guess he’s OK ...
man! I must be dreaming. Carmen: He’s only OK?! You must be joking.
Man: Maybe we should call the police. Xu Fei: Well, I like musicians who write
(pause) Hey, wait a minute. What’s their own songs. Dan Dervish
that? doesn’t write his own music.
98Tapescripts
Carmen: Hmm. Well, I think he’s great. Unit 5 You’re supposed to shake hands.
Xu Fei: The Modern’s T-shirt is interesting. Section A, 1b
Carmen: The Modern are really great. I love Yoshi: What are people supposed to do
electronic music that’s loud. when they meet in your country,
Xu Fei: I know you do ... but I prefer groups Rodrigo?
that play quiet and slow songs. Rodrigo: Do you mean when people meet
Section B, 1b, 1c for the first time?
Ali: Wow, you sure have lots of cool Yoshi: Yeah.
things. What a great jacket! Rodrigo: In Mexico, we shake hands.
Michael: Yeah, it’s new. I really like it. I like Yoshi: What about in Brazil, Celia?
clothes that are unusual. Celia: Well, in Brazil, people sometimes
Ali: Me, too. Say ... is that a new book kiss. How about in Japan, Yoshi?
over there? What are people expected to do
Michael: Yes, it is. It’s a book about when they meet for the first time?
volleyball. It tells you how you can Yoshi: We bow.
be a good player. Kim: And in Korea we also bow.
Ali: Is it good? Mike: Well, I guess in most Western
Michael: Yeah, it’s great. I like writers who countries we shake hands.
explain things well. Section A, 2a, 2b
Ali: Me, too. Umm, Michael? Daisy: Hi, Maria. How was Paul’s party?
Michael: Yes? Maria: Oh, Daisy, it was terrible.
Ali: Where did you get that movie Daisy: It was?
poster? Maria: Uh-huh.
Michael: Oh, my brother got it for me. He Daisy: What happened?
works at a movie theater. Maria: Well, I was supposed to arrive at 7:00,
Ali: Wow, you’re so lucky. It’s a great but I arrived at 8:00.
poster! Daisy: Oh, so you were late.
Michael: Yes, it is. I love movies that are scary. Maria: Yeah, but in my country, it’s
What about you? different. When you’re invited for
Ali: I sure do. Say ... Michael ... Do you 7:00, you’re expected to come later!
think your brother could get the It’s considered strange to turn up on
same poster for me, too? time.
Michael: Probably. I’ll ask him. Daisy: I see.
Ali: Great, thanks! Maria: Then when I met Paul’s mom, I kissed
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her. eating dinner. Only parents are
Daisy: Oh ... you were supposed to shake expected to talk at the dinner
hands instead. table. Children are not allowed to
Maria: That’s right. And I wore a fancy dress. speak.
Daisy: What’s wrong with that? Steve: Wow! That’s ... that’s unusual!
Maria: Well, it turned out that it was an Yang Ming: Haha, I’m just kidding!
outdoor party, Daisy. Everyone else
was in a T-shirt and jeans. Unit 6 Sad movies make me cry.
Daisy: I guess next time you should ask what Section A, 1b
you’re supposed to wear. Tina: I’m hungry, Amy.
Section B, 1b, 1c Amy: So am I. Why don’t we get something
Yang Ming: You must be excited about leaving to eat?
for China tomorrow, Steve! Tina: Yeah. Let’s go to Rockin’ Restaurant. I
Steve: Yeah, but I’m a little nervous, too. love their hamburgers.
Yang Ming: Why? Amy: Oh, Tina ... I hate Rockin’ Restaurant.
Steve: Well, for one thing, I don’t know Tina: Why? The food is great, isn’t it?
how to use chopsticks very well ... Amy: The food’s fine. I just don’t like the
and I don’t know how to behave environment. Those awful pictures on
at the dinner table. the walls make me uncomfortable, and
Yang Ming: Oh, I see. Well, one important the loud music makes me nervous.
thing is that you’re not supposed Tina: OK. So where do you want to go, Amy?
to start eating first if there are Amy: Let’s go to Blue Ocean. The soft music
older people at the table. makes me relax.
Steve: That’s interesting. In the United Tina: Not me. It makes me sleepy.
States, it doesn’t matter. Section A, 2a, 2b
Yang Ming: Yeah, I know. It’s also impolite John: Did you and Amy have fun last night,
to stick your chopsticks into Tina?
your food. You shouldn’t point Tina: Well ... yes and no.
at anyone with your chopsticks, John: Was Amy late as usual?
either. Tina: Yes, she was, and waiting for her drove
Steve: Oh, OK. me crazy.
Yang Ming: Oh, and there’s one more thing John: Oh dear. Where did you go for dinner,
you need to know. You’re not then?
supposed to talk when you’re Tina: First we went to Rockin’ Restaurant,
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but Amy didn’t want to stay. She said don’t want what I can’t have. So I’m
that the loud music made her nervous. happy, and my song comes from the
John: That’s funny. Loud music always makes happiness in my heart.
me want to dance. General: Then I need to give your shirt to the
Tina: Me, too. So we went to Blue Ocean. It king. Is it there in your bag? How
was quiet and the food was great. We much do you want for it?
had a good time. Man: Shirt? What shirt? I don’t own any
John: Then did you go to the concert at the shirts!
high school?
Tina: No. We decided to go to the movies. We Unit 7 Life is full of the unexpected.
saw Remember Me Forever. It was a Section A, 1b
really good movie, but it was so sad that Boy: Hi, Mary. You look so tired.
it made us cry. Mary: I am. I had a bad morning.
John: Sad movies don’t make me cry. They Boy: Really? What happened?
just make me want to leave! Mary: Well, first of all I overslept. By the time
Tina: You sound just like my brother! I got up, my brother had already gotten
Section B, 1c, 1d in the shower.
The general searched and searched but Boy: Oh, what a pain!
couldn’t find anyone. It seemed that everyone Mary: So, after he got out of the shower, I
had their own problems, and no one was truly took a quick shower and got dressed.
happy. Two days passed. Just as he was about But by the time I went outside, the bus
to give up, he saw a poor man on the street. He had already left.
was eating with his hands and singing happily Boy: Oh, no!
to himself. The general went up to him. Mary: Oh, yes! So I ran all the way to school.
General: Hello! I’m the king’s top general. But when I got to school, I realized I
Man: Hi, General. What can I do for you had left my backpack at home.
today? Boy: No wonder you look stressed.
General: I heard you singing just now, and Section A, 2a, 2b
you sound very happy. Boy: So then what did you do, Mary?
Man: That’s because I am happy. Mary: Well, I ran home to get my backpack.
General: But I don’t understand. What makes But when I got home, I realized I had
you so happy? You have no power, left my keys in the backpack.
money or fame. Boy: You’re kidding!
Man: I have everything I want, and I Mary: So I ran back to school without my
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keys or my backpack. But by the time I me. We didn’t have a test at all!
got back to school, the bell had rung.
Boy: Oh, no! Unit 8 We’re trying to save the earth!
Mary: And by the time I walked into class, Section A, 1b
the teacher had started teaching Tony: Hey, Mark, maybe we could go
already. She asked for our homework, swimming in the river later this
but of course I didn’t have it. afternoon.
Section B, 1c, 1d Mark: I don’t think I want to go, Tony.
Nick: Has someone ever tricked you on April Tony: Why not?
Fool’s Day, Dave? Mark: I was there last weekend and the river
Dave: Yes. A friend once invited me to a was really dirty. Even the bottom of
costume party. When I got there, I the river was full of rubbish, and there
found that it wasn’t a costume party. I were no more fish for fishermen to
was the only person wearing a costume, catch.
and I was really embarrassed. How Tony: No way! It used to be so clean. In fact,
about you, Nick? it has always been the nicest river in
Nick: Well, last April Fool’s Day, when my this town.
alarm went off, I got up, took a shower, Mark: Not anymore. I think people are
got dressed, and went to school. But throwing litter into the river. Factories
when I got there, the school was empty. are also putting waste into the river.
I was the only one there. After an hour, Tony: That’s terrible! We should write to the
the other kids showed up, and I realized government. They should close down
that my brother had fooled me. the factories.
Dave: He had? Mark: Good idea! But I think everyone in
Nick: Uh-huh. He had changed the clock to this town should help to clean up the
an hour earlier. What about you, Joe? river, too. Everyone should play a part,
What happened to you on April Fool’s not just the government.
Day? Section A, 2a, 2b
Joe: Well, my friend called me on March Interviewer: Today we’re talking to Jason
31st last year and told me we had a and Susan about environmental
math test the next day. By the time I problems. Jason and Susan, can
got to math class, I was tired because I you tell us about some of the
had stayed up all night studying. Then problems you’ve seen?
I found out that my friend had fooled Jason: I think one problem is that the air
102Tapescripts
is badly polluted. I hardly ever see washing your hair.
blue skies anymore. Julia: Oh, I would never do that. I have very
Susan: Yes, and I used to see the stars short hair. It only takes a few minutes
clearly. to wash. What else does it say?
Interviewer: What do you think has caused Jack: You should take your own bags when
this problem? you go shopping.
Susan: Well, there are more cars on the Julia: Oh, that’s easy. I’ll do that from now
road these days. on. What else?
Jason: And factories that burn coal also Jack: People should stop riding in cars and
pollute the air with a lot of black start riding bikes.
smoke. Julia: No way! It would take me 45 minutes
Interviewer: What other problems do you see? to get to school by bike!
Susan: I guess there’s too much rubbish Jack: But it’s good for the environment!
and waste in the streets. Besides, I like riding my bike.
Jason: Yes! Every day people are throwing Julia: Yes, and you also live close to school!
away things like wooden chopsticks,
plastic bowls and plastic bags. Unit 9 It’s important to have good habits.
Susan: They’re also littering in Section A, 1b
public places, for example, during Mei: What’s the matter, Peter? You look
picnics in parks. This is turning tired.
beautiful places into ugly ones. Peter: I am, Mei. Life’s tough for teenagers
Interviewer: You’re right. These are serious sometimes, isn’t it?
problems for our environment. Mei: Well, yes, it’s not as easy as before.
Next, let’s talk about the things Peter: It’s important to my parents that I do
we can do to help. well at school. But it’s so hard for me. I
Section B, 1c, 1d need to get a good report card so badly.
Jack: Turn off the lights, Julia. It saves Mei: Well, I’ve learnt that if you have a
electricity. problem, it’s important to talk it over
Julia: Oh, I usually do that. I was just in a with someone. What do you think,
hurry. Ling?
Jack: I see. I’ve just read a book which Ling: Well, I think Peter needs to get enough
gives ideas about how we can save sleep. For me that’s harder to do now in
the environment. For example, you Grade 9.
should turn off the shower when you’re Peter: You’re right. But I think it’s more
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important for teenagers to work hard Mr. Brown: That’s another good question. I
than to sleep more. don’t think you’re too young to
Ling: Do you? But what about friends? decide, but it’s always better to talk
Mark: Of course, friends are important to things over with your parents. Let
every teenager, but we need to balance them know about your life—share
our time between work and leisure. it with them more.
And another thing ... Boy 2: I need to do that. My parents say
Ling: Hey, Mark, you sound like my father! I’m too quiet at home.
Mark: I do? Well, maybe that’s because I have Mr. Brown: Well, maybe they think you’re
a close relationship with my parents. unhappy.
In fact, I think spending time with my Teacher: One last question?
parents is the most important thing. Girl: Yes. Mr. Brown, my parents tell
Section A, 2a, 2b me it’s dangerous to chat on the
Teacher(F): Good morning, class. Today Internet. But do you think it’s
we have Mr. Brown, the school okay?
advisor, to talk to us. Mr. Brown: In order to be safe, you need to
Mr. Brown: Good morning, everybody. First, be very careful. There are many
I’m sure you often feel that adults dangers—especially for teenagers.
don’t care about your health and Choose carefully who you chat
happiness, but I want to tell you with on the Internet, and never
that we do. So, let’s start with agree to meet a stranger—it’s just
some questions. Yes? not safe enough these days.
Boy 1: We are given a lot of homework, Teacher: Thank you. It seems that what is
and so I need to study late every most important is for you all to
night to finish it. Is this good for believe that adults want to help you
me? to live safely and happily. Thank
Mr. Brown: Well, not really. In order to be you for coming, Mr. Brown.
healthy, teenagers need to get Section B, 1c, 1d
enough sleep. Can you ask your Father: Li Wei, you seem very quiet these
teachers to help you with this days. Do you have a lot of stress
problem? at school?
Girl: I’m nearly 16. Do you think I am Li Wei: Yea. I’m working much harder
too young to decide what to do in now because of the exams.
my free time? Mother: I hope you are getting enough
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sleep, Li Wei. In order to do well, you just sharing memories of junior high
need to sleep much more than you school.
think. Frank: Great! Do you have any special
Li Wei: Mom, I’m worried about my weight, memories, Mary?
too. I’m sure I weigh the most in the Mary: Oh yeah, lots ... I remember losing my
class, and I want to weigh much less. schoolbag in Grade 6.
Father: Be careful, Li Wei. Lose weight Frank: I remember that! We all helped you to
sensibly. You can do it by exercising look for it, remember?
more. Mary: Yes, and Peter found it. Thanks for
Li Wei: Can we go to the gym together saving my life that day!
sometimes, Dad? Peter: No problem!
Father: Yes, why not? Mary: How about you, Peter? What do you
Mother: We could eat earlier and then you can remember?
go in the evening. Peter: Hmm ... I used to be scared of Mr.
Li Wei: Good idea. It’s healthier to eat earlier, Brown in Grade 8. He was so strict! I
anyway. always did my homework carefully to
Mother: And talking about eating habits— meet his standards.
neither of you eat well enough. Sarah: Me, too. And I remember meeting all
Li Wei: We don’t eat badly. But I know you of you in Grade 6. And we’ve been
eat healthily, Mom. Can you help Dad good friends ever since, haven’t we,
and me to do better? Frank?
Mother: Sure, I’ll help you. I’ll use less salt Frank: Yeah! I’ve enjoyed every year of junior
and less oil in my cooking. high school.
Father: I hope it tastes as good. Peter: And we’re all going to miss this place.
Mother: I’ll do my best. My family’s happiness Section A, 2a, 2b
is very important to me. Lisa: So Brian, here we are at the end of
Li Wei: Thanks, Mom! Did you know that junior high.
I think you’re the best mom in the Brian: Yeah, I’m so happy I don’t have to do
world? P.E. again.
Lisa: Oh, Brian! But we did have a great
Unit 10 I remember meeting all of you P.E. teacher. He gave us really clear
in Grade 6. instructions so that we’d be safe when
Section A, 1b playing sports.
Mary: Hey, Frank! Peter, Sarah and I were Brian: Yeah, I remember Mr. Hunt was kind
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when I hurt my knee. He told me to would be so exciting if I could do
take a break from running. that.
Lisa: What about you, Luke? Do you have Anna: I’m going to improve my English so
any special memories? that I can teach kids English in the
Luke: My best memory is when That’s Life future.
played at school. Remember we wrote Mrs. Chen: That’s an excellent plan, Anna. All
a letter to the band about our dream of of you should go for it. I believe in
hearing them play, and they offered to you, all of you.
come? Shirley: Thank you, Mrs. Chen. Oh, this
Lisa: Yeah, that was so cool. Don’t you think weekend we’re celebrating the end
that junior high has been fun? of junior high school. We’re having
Luke: Yes ... and a lot of hard work, too! a party ...
What are you going to do after you Ken: ... and we’d like you to come!
graduate, Lisa? Mrs. Chen: Why, of course, I’d love to! I’ll
Lisa: I want to go to senior high and then bring a graduation cake.
university, so I can study medicine.
Section B, 1c, 1d
Class: Good morning, Mrs. Chen.
Mrs. Chen: Morning, everyone! Well, today is
our last class together.
Bob: That makes me sad, Mrs. Chen.
Your classes have been great.
Mrs. Chen: I’m glad to hear that. But the future
will be exciting, too. What do you
hope to do in the future, Bob?
Bob: I hope to pass the exam to get into
senior high school.
Shirley: I’m going to try to get into a music
school. I want to play in a band.
Mrs. Chen: I think you can do it, Shirley. And
you, Ken? I remember you won a
prize for science ...
Ken: Yes, last year. I’d like to be an
astronaut and go into space. It
106Grammar
Grammar
I. 动词（Verbs）（VII）
1. 情态动词（ Modal Verbs）（III）
很多情态动词都可以用于表达推测，但所包含的意义不尽相同。
1) must
must表示很大的可能性，意为“一定；必定”，只用于肯定句中。例如：
The backpack must belong to Carla. 那个背包肯定是卡拉的。
It’s 10:00 p.m. He must be at home by now. 现在是晚上十点。他这会儿肯定在家。
2) can和can’t
can常用于否定句或疑问句中表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等。can’t表示“不大可
能”。例如：
Can it be true? 那可能是真的吗？
What can he mean? 他可能是什么意思呢？
He can’t be more than 40. 他不可能超过四十岁。
I trust Joe. He can’t be lying. 我信任乔。他不大可能说谎。
除了上述情态动词以外，may, might, could都能表示“可能”。could, might语
气更委婉，might语气最为缓和，含义更不确定。例如：
She looks beautiful. I think she may be an actress. 她看起来很漂亮。我觉得她可
能是个演员。
It could be Mei’s hair band. Or it might belong to Linda. They both have long
hair. 这有可能是梅的发带，也有可能是琳达的。她们俩都是长发。
*2. 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）
1) 过去完成时的构成
过去完成时由“助动词had（用于各种人称和数）＋过去分词”构成。
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2) 过去完成时的用法
用法 例句
By the time I got outside, the bus had
过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作 already left.
之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示 When I got to school, I realized I had left
动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示 my backpack at home.
过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短 The movie had started before I arrived at
语，也可用when, before等引导的从句， the cinema.
或者通过上下文表示。 By the time I got to the airport, my flight
had already taken off.
注：had not 常简略为hadn’t。
II. 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句通常置于它修饰的
名词或代词之后，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。例如：
I like music that I can dance to.
Carmen likes musicians who play different kinds of music.
上面两句中的music和musicians 是定语从句所修饰的词，叫做先行词，定语从句放
在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who（宾格whom，所有格
whose）和关系副词where, when, why。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，
起联系作用，同时又代替先行词担当定语从句的一个成分。
由关系代词引导的定语从句：
关系代词 例 句
I love movies that are funny（. 作主语）
指
April Fool’s Day is a celebration that takes place in different
物
that在从句中作 countries around the world（. 作主语）
或
主语或宾语 Everything (that) you learn becomes a part of you and changes you.
指
（作宾语）
人
That’s the man (that) you are looking for.
which 在从句中 指 The book which is on the table is mine（. 作主语）
作主语或宾语 物 The story (which) he told was very interesting（. 作宾语）
who, whom在从 I’d like to congratulate all the students who are here today（. 作主语）
指
句中分别作主语 I love singers who write their own music. (作主语）
人
和宾语 The person to whom you just spoke is Mr. Li（. 作宾语）
注：关系代词在句中作宾语时常可省略。
108Words and Expressions in Each Unit
Words and Expressions in Each Unit
（注：在本词表中，重点词汇用黑体标出。
在英式和美式发音有区别时，英式发音在前，美式发音在后。）
Unit 1 take place 发生；出现 p.3
heel /hi:l/ n. 鞋跟；足跟 p.2 popularity /ppjulr@ti/,
scoop /sku:p/ n. 勺；铲子 p.2 /pA:pjulr@ti/
electricity /IlektrIs@ti/ n. 电；电能 p.2 n. 受欢迎；普及 p.3
style /staIl/ n. 样式；款式 p.2 doubt /daUt/ n. 疑惑；疑问 v. 怀疑 p.3
pleasure /pleZ@(r)/ n. 高兴；愉快 p.2 without doubt 毫无疑问；的确 p.3
zipper /zIp@(r)/ n. (= zip) 拉链；拉锁 p.2 fridge /frIdZ/ n. 冰箱 p.4
daily /deIli/ adj. 每日的；日常的 p.2 low /l@U/ adj. 低的；矮的 p.4
have a point 有道理 p.2 somebody /smb@di/
website /websaIt/ n. 网站 p.2 pron. 某人 n. 重要人物 p.4
pioneer /paI@nI@/, /paI@nIr/ lock /lk/, /lA:k/ v. 锁上；锁住
n. 先锋；先驱 p.2 n. 锁 p.4
list /lIst/ v. 列表；列清单 ring /rIN/ v（. rang /rng/, rung /rN/）
n. 名单；清单 p.2 （使）发出铃声或钟声；打电话 p.4
mention /menSn/ v. 提到；说到 p.2 earthquake /3:(r)TkweIk/n. 地震 p.4
accidental /ksIdentl/ adj. 意外的； sudden /sd@n/ adj. 突然（的） p.4
偶然的 p.3 all of a sudden 突然；猛地 p.4
by accident 偶然；意外地 p.3 bell /bel/ n. 钟（声）；铃（声） p.4
ruler /ru:l@/ n. 统治者；支配者 p.3 biscuit /bIskIt/ n. 饼干 p.4
boil /bOIl/ v. 煮沸；烧开 p.3 cookie /kUki/ n. 曲奇饼 p.4
remain /rImeIn/ v. 保持不变；剩余 p.3 musical /mju:zIkl/ adj. 音乐的；
smell /smel/ n. 气味 有音乐天赋的 p.4
v（. smelt /smelt/, smelt; smelled, instrument /Instr@m@nt/ n. 器械；
smelled）发出⋯⋯气味；闻到 p.3 仪器；工具 p.4
saint /seInt/ n. 圣人；圣徒 p.3 crispy /krIspi/ adj. 脆的；酥脆的 p.5
trade /treId/ n. 贸易；交易 salty /sO:lti/ adj. 咸的 p.5
v. 做买卖；从事贸易 p.3 sour /saU@(r)/ adj. 酸的；有酸味的 p.5
109Words and Expressions in Each Unit
by mistake 错误地；无意中 p.5 Thomas /tm@s/ Watson /wts@n/
customer /kst@m@(r)/ n. 顾客； 托马斯·沃森 p.4
客户 p.5 George /dZO:(r)dZ/ Crum /krm/
the Olympics /@lImpIks/ 乔治·克拉姆 p.5
奥林匹克运动会 p.6 James /dZeImz/ Naismith /neIsmIT/
Canadian /k@neIdi@n/ adj. 加拿大的； 詹姆斯·奈史密斯 p.6
加拿大人的 n. 加拿大人 p.6
divide /dIvaId/ v. 分开；分散 p.6 Unit 2
divide ... into 把⋯⋯分开 p.6 license /laIsns/n. (= licence) 证；
basket /bA:skIt/, /bskIt/ 证件 p.9
n. 篮；筐 p.6 safety /seIfti/ n. 安全；安全性 p.9
not only ... but also ... smoke /sm@Uk/ v. 吸烟；冒烟 n. 烟 p.9
不但⋯⋯而且⋯⋯ p.6 part-time /pA:(r)t taIm/
look up to 钦佩；仰慕 p.6 adj. & adv. 兼职（的） p.9
hero /hI@r@U/, /hIr@U/ n. 英雄； pierce /pI@s/, /pIrs/ v. 扎；刺破；
男主角 p.6 穿透 p.9
professional /pr@feS@nl/ earring /I@rIN/, /IrIN/ n. 耳环；耳饰 p.10
adj. 职业的；专业的 p.7 flash /flS/ n. 闪光灯；闪光
nearly /nI@li/, /nIrli/ adv. 几乎； v. 闪耀；闪光 p.10
差不多 p.8 tiny /taIni/ adj. 极小的；微小的 p.11
cry /kraI/ v. & n. 哭；叫喊 p.11
Berlin /b3:(r)lIn/ 柏林（德国城市） p.6 field /fi:ld/ n. 田野；场地 p.11
NBA (National Basketball hug /hg/ n. & v. 拥抱；搂抱 p.11
Association)国家篮球协会 lift /lIft/ v. 举起；抬高
（美国职业篮球联赛） p.6 n. 电梯；搭便车 p.11
CBA (China Basketball Association) badly /bdli/ adv. 严重地；差；
中国篮球协会 非常 p.11
（中国职业篮球联赛） p.6 talk back 回嘴；顶嘴 p.11
awful /O:fl/ adj. 很坏的；讨厌的 p.11
Roy /rOI/ 罗伊（男名） p.2 teen /ti:n/ n（. 13至19岁之间的）
Whitcomb /wItk@m/ Judson /dZds@n/ 青少年 p.11
惠特科姆·贾德森 p.2 regret /rIgret/ v. & n. 感到遗憾；
Ruby /ru:bi/ 鲁比（女名） p.4 懊悔 p.11
110Words and Expressions in Each Unit
poem /p@UIm/ n. 诗；韵文 p.11 wolf /wUlf/ n. 狼 p.19
community /k@mju:n@ti/ n. 社区； uneasy /ni:zi/ adj. 担心的；不安的 p.19
社团 p.12 laboratory /l@br@tri/, /lbr@tO:ri/
keep ... away from 避免接近；远离 p.12 n. 实验室 p.20
make one’s own decision 自己做决定 p.12 outdoors /aUtdO:(r)z/ adv. 在户外；
educate /edZukeIt/ v. 教育；教导 p.12 在野外 p.20
manage /mnIdZ/ v. 完成（困难的 coat /k@Ut/ n. 外套；外衣 p.20
事 ） ；应付（困难局面） p.12 sleepy /sli:pi/ adj. 困倦的；瞌睡的 p.20
society /s@saI@ti/ n. 社会 p.12 land /lnd/ v. 着陆；降落 p.21
get in the way of 挡⋯⋯的路；妨碍 p.14 alien /eIli@n/ n. 外星人 p.21
support /s@pO:(r)t/ v. & n. 支持 p.14 run after 追逐；追赶 p.21
enter /ent@(r)/ v. 进来；进去 p.14 suit /sju:t/, /su:t/ n. 西服；套装
v. 适合 p.21
Picasso /pIks@U/, /pIkA:s@U/ express /Ikspres/ v. 表示；表达 p.22
毕加索（西班牙画家） p.10 at the same time 同时；一起 p.22
circle /s3:(r)kl/ n. 圆圈 v. 圈出 p.22
Unit 3 Britain /brItn/ (= Great Britain)
whose /hu:z/ adj. & pron. 谁的 p.17 大不列颠 p.22
truck /trk/ n. 卡车；货车 p.17 mystery /mIstri/ n. 奥秘；神秘事物 p.22
picnic /pIknIk/ n. 野餐 p.17 historian /hIstO:ri@n/ n. 历史学家；
rabbit /rbIt/ n. 兔；野兔 p.17 史学工作者 p.22
attend /@tend/ v. 出席；参加 p.18 leader /li:d@(r)/ n. 领导；领袖 p.22
valuable /vlju@bl/ adj. 贵重的； midsummer /mIdsm@(r)/
很有用的；宝贵的 p.18 n. 仲夏；中夏 p.22
pink /pINk/ adj. 粉红色的 medical /medIkl/ adj. 医疗的；
n. 粉红色 p.18 医学的 p.22
anybody /enibdi/, /enibA:di/ purpose /p3:(r)p@s/ n. 目的；目标 p.22
pron. 任何人 p.18 prevent /prIvent/ v. 阻止；阻挠 p.22
happening /hp@nIN/ n. 事件； energy /en@(r)dZi/ n. 力量；精力 p.22
发生的事情（常指不寻常的） p.19 position /p@zISn/ n. 位置；地方 p.22
noise /nOIz/ n.声音；噪音 p.19 burial /beri@l/ n. 埋葬；安葬 p.22
policeman /p@li:sm@n/ honor /n@/, /A:n@r/ (= honour)
n（. pl. policemen）男警察 p.19 v. 尊重；表示敬意 n. 荣幸；荣誉 p.22
111Words and Expressions in Each Unit
ancestor /nsest@(r)/ n. 祖宗；祖先 p.22 down /daUn/ adj. 悲哀；沮丧 p.27
victory /vIkt@ri/ n. 胜利；成功 p.22 ending /endIN/ n（. 故事、电影等的）
enemy /en@mi/ n. 敌人；仇人 p.22 结尾；结局 p.27
period /pI@ri@d/, /pIri@d/ documentary /dkjumentri/,
n. 一段时间；时期 p.22 /dA:kjumentri/ n. 纪录片 p.27
drama /drA:m@/ n. 戏；剧 p.27
Stonehenge /st@UnhendZ/ 巨石阵 p.22 plenty /plenti/ pron. 大量；众多 p.27
plenty of 大量；充足 p.27
Carla /kA:(r)l@/ 卡拉（女名） p.27 shut /St/ v. (shut, shut) 关闭；关上 p.27
J. K. Rowling /r@UlIN/ shut off 关闭；停止运转 p.27
J. K. 罗琳（ 英国作家） p.27 superhero /su:p@(r)hI@r@U/
Victor /vIkt@(r)/ 维克托（男名） p.29 n. 超级英雄 p.27
Jean /dZi:n/琼（女名） p.20 once in a while 偶尔地；间或 p.27
Paul Stoker /st@Uk@(r)/ intelligent /IntelIdZ@nt/
保罗·斯托克 p.22 adj. 有才智的；聪明的 p.28
sense /sens/ v. 感觉到；意识到
Unit 4 n. 感觉；意识 p.30
prefer /prIf3:(r)/ v. 更喜欢 p.25 sadness /sdn@s/ n. 悲伤；悲痛 p.30
lyrics /lIrIks/ n. (pl.) 歌词 p.25 pain /peIn/ n. 痛苦；疼痛；苦恼 p.30
Australian /streIli@n, O:streIli@n/ reflect /rIflekt/ v. 反映；映出 p.30
adj. 澳大利亚（人）的 moving /mu:vIN/ adj. 动人的；
n. 澳大利亚人 p.26 令人感动的 p.30
electronic /IlektrnIk/, /IlektrA:nIk/ perform /p@(r)fO:(r)m/ v. 表演；
adj. 电子的；电子设备的 p.26 执行 p.30
smooth /smu:D/ adj. 悦耳的；平滑的 p.26 lifetime /laIftaIm/ n. 一生；
spare /spe@/, /sper/ adj. 空闲的； 有生之年 p.30
不用的 v. 抽出；留出 p.26 pity /pIti/ n. 遗憾；怜悯
case /keIs/ n. 情况；实情 p.26 v. 同情；怜悯 p.30
in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话 p.26 total /t@Utl/ n. 总数；合计
war /wO:(r)/ n. 战争；战争状态 p.26 adj. 总的；全体的 p.30
stick /stIk/ v. (stuck /stk/, stuck) in total 总共；合计 p.30
粘贴；将⋯⋯刺入 p.27 master /mA:st@/, /mst@r/
stick to 坚持；固守 p.27 n. 大师；能手；主人 v. 掌握 p.30
112Words and Expressions in Each Unit
praise /preIz/ v. & n. 表扬；赞扬 p.30 mad /md/ adj. 很生气；疯的 p.35
recall /rIkO:l/ v. 回忆起；回想起 p.30 get mad 大动肝火；气愤 p.35
wound /wu:nd/ n. 伤；伤口；创伤 effort /ef@(r)t/ n. 努力；尽力 p.35
v. 使（身体）受伤；伤害 p.30 make an effort 作出努力 p.35
painful /peInfl/ adj. 令人痛苦的； passport /pA:spO:t/, /pspO:rt/
令人疼痛的 p.30 n. 护照 p.36
clean ... off 把⋯⋯擦掉 p.36
World War II 第二次世界大战 p.26 chalk /tSO:k/ n. 粉笔 p.36
Men in Black《 黑衣人》（电影名） p.27 blackboard /blkbO:(r)d/ n. 黑板 p.36
Kung Fu Panda《 功夫熊猫》（电影名） p.27 northern /nO:(r)D@(r)n/
Titanic /taItnIk/ adj. 北方的；北部的 p.36
《泰坦尼克号》（电影名） p.27 coast /k@Ust/ n. 海岸；海滨 p.36
March of the Penguins /peNgwInz/ season /si:zn/ n. 季；季节 p.36
《帝企鹅日记》（电影名） p.27 knock /nk/, /nA:k/ v. 敲；击
Spider-Man《 蜘蛛侠》（电影名） p.27 n. 敲击声；敲击 p.36
eastern /i:st@(r)n/ adj. 东方的；
Carmen /kA:(r)men/ 卡门（女名） p.26 东部的 p.36
Dan /dn/ Dervish /d3:(r)vIS/ take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞 p.36
丹·德维什 p.26 worth /w3:(r)T/ adj. 值得；
有⋯⋯价值（的） p.36
Unit 5 manner /mn@(r)/ n. 方式；方法
custom /kst@m/ n. 风俗；习俗 p.33 (pl.) 礼貌；礼仪 p.36
bow /baU/ v. & n. 鞠躬 p.33 empty /empti/ adj. 空的；空洞的 p.37
kiss /kIs/ v. & n. 亲吻；接吻 p.33 basic /beIsIk/ adj. 基本的；基础的 p.38
greet /gri:t/ v. 和⋯⋯打招呼；迎接 p.34 exchange /IkstSeIndZ/ n. & v. 交换 p.38
relaxed /rIlkst/ adj. 放松的； go out of one’s way
自在的 p.35 特地；格外努力 p.38
value /vlju:/ v. 重视；珍视 make ... feel at home
n. 价值 p.35 使（某人）感到宾至如归 p.38
drop by 顺便访问；随便进入 p.35 teenage /ti:neIdZ/ adj. 十几岁的；
capital /kpItl/ n. 首都；国都 p.35 青少年的 p.38
after all 毕竟；终归 p.35 granddaughter /grndO:t@(r)/
noon /nu:n/ n. 正午；中午 p.35 n（. 外）孙女 p.38
113Words and Expressions in Each Unit
behave /bIheIv/ v. 表现；举止 p.38 drive sb. crazy/mad 使人发疯/发狂 p.42
except /Iksept/ prep. 除⋯⋯之外 the more ... the more ...
conj. 除了；只是 p.38 越⋯⋯越⋯⋯；愈⋯⋯愈⋯⋯ p.42
elbow /elb@U/ n. 肘；胳膊 p.38 lately /leItli/ adv. 最近；不久前 p.42
gradually /grdZu@li/ be friends with sb. 成为某人的朋友 p.42
adv. 逐步地；渐进地 p.38 leave out 忽略；不提及；不包括 p.42
get used to 习惯于 p.38 friendship /frendSIp/ n. 友谊；友情 p.42
suggestion /s@dZestS@n/ n. 建议 p.40 king /kIN/ n. 国王；君主 p.43
power /paU@(r)/ n. 权力；力量 p.43
Brazil /br@zil/ 巴西 p.33 prime /praIm/ adj. 首要的；基本的 p.43
Mexico /meksIk@U/ 墨西哥 p.33 minister /mInIst@(r)/ n. 大臣；部长 p.43
Cali /kA:li/ 卡利（哥伦比亚城市） p.35 prime minister 首相；大臣 p.43
Colombia /k@lmbI@/ banker /bNk@(r)/ n. 银行家 p.43
哥伦比亚（南美洲国家） p.35 fame /feIm/ n. 名声；声誉 p.43
Lausanne /l@Uzn/, /l@UzA:n/ pale /peIl/ adj. 苍白的；灰白的 p.43
洛桑（瑞士城市） p.35 queen /kwi:n/ n. 王后；女王 p.43
Norway /nO:(r)weI/ 挪威 p.36 call in 召来；叫来 p.43
examine /IgzmIn/
Maria /m@ri:@/ 玛丽亚（女名） p.34 v（. 仔细地）检查；检验 p.43
Katie /keIti/ 凯蒂（女名） p.34 nor /nO:(r)/ conj. & adv. 也不 p.43
Sato /sA:t@U/ 佐藤（日本姓氏） p.34 neither ... nor ... 既不⋯⋯也不⋯⋯ p.43
Marie /m@ri:/ 玛丽（女名） p.34 palace /pl@s/ n. 王宫；宫殿 p.43
Teresa /t@ri:z@/, /t@reIz@/ wealth /welT/ n. 财富 p.43
Lopez /l@Upez/特蕾莎·洛佩斯 p.35 to start with 起初；开始时 p.44
Marc /mA:(r)k/ LeBlanc /l@blA:N/ grey /greI/ adj（. 天空）阴沉的；
马克·勒布朗 p.35 昏暗的；灰色的 p.44
lemon /lem@n/ n. 柠檬 p.44
Unit 6 uncomfortable /nkmf@(r)t@bl/
rather /rA:D@/, /rD@r/ adv. 相当； adj. 使人不舒服的；令人不舒适的 p.44
相反 p.41 weight /weIt/ n. 重量；分量 p.46
would rather（ 通常缩写为’d rather） shoulder /S@Uld@(r)/ n. 肩；肩膀 p.46
宁愿 p.41 goal /g@Ul/ n. 球门；射门；目标 p.46
drive /draIv/ v. 迫使 p.42 let ... down 使失望 p.46
114Words and Expressions in Each Unit
kick /kIk/ v. 踢；踹 p.46 give ... a lift 捎⋯⋯一程 p.50
kick sb. off 开除某人 p.46 block /blk/, /blA:k/ n. 街区 p.51
be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻；对某人 in line with（ 与⋯⋯）成一排 p.51
要求严厉 p.46 stare /ste@/, /ster/ v. 盯着看；凝视 p.51
besides /bIsaIdz/ adv. 而且 p.46 disbelief /dIsbIli:f/ n. 不信；怀疑 p.51
teammate /ti:mmeIt/ n. 同队队员； above /@bv/ prep. 在⋯⋯上面
队友 p.46 adv. 在上面 p.51
courage /krIdZ/, /k3:rIdZ/ burn /b3:(r)n/ v. (burnt /b3:(r)nt/,
n. 勇敢；勇气 p.46 burnt; burned /b3:(r)nd/,
rather than 而不是 p.46 burned) 着火；燃烧 p.51
guy /gaI/ n（. 非正式）家伙 burning /b3:(r)nIN/
(pl.) 伙计们 p.46 adj. 着火的；燃烧的 p.51
pull /pUl/ v. 拉；拖 p.46 alive /@laIv/adj. 活着；有生气的 p.51
pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 p.46 airport /e@pO:(r)t/n. 机场 p.51
relief /rIli:f/ n. 轻松；解脱 p.46 till /tIl/ prep. & conj. 到；直到 p.51
nod /nd/, /nA:d/ v. 点头 p.46 west /west/ adv. 向西；朝西
agreement /@gri:m@nt/ adj. 向西的；西部的
n（. 意见或看法）一致；同意 p.46 n. 西；西方 p.51
fault /fO:lt/ n. 过失；缺点 p.46 cream /kri:m/ n. 奶油；乳脂 p.52
disappoint /dIs@pOInt/ v. 使失望 p.47 workday/w3:(r)kdeI/ n. 工作日 p.52
pie /paI/ n. 果馅饼；果馅派 p.52
Bert /b3:(r)t/ 伯特（男名） p.42 show up 赶到；露面 p.52
Holly /hli/, /hA:li/ 霍莉（女名） p.44 bean /bi:n/ n. 豆；豆荚 p.52
market /mA:(r)kIt/ n. 市场；集市 p.52
Unit 7 by the end of 在（某时间点）以前 p.52
unexpected /nIkspektId/ fool /fu:l/ n. 蠢人；傻瓜 v. 愚弄 p.53
adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的 p.49 costume /kstju:m/, /kA:stu:m/
by the time ... 在⋯⋯以前 p.49 n（. 特定场合穿的）服装；装束 p.53
backpack /bkpk/ n. 背包； embarrassed /Imbr@st/
旅行包 p.49 adj. 窘迫的；害羞的 p.53
oversleep /@Uv@(r)sli:p/ v. costume party 化装舞会 p.53
(overslept /@Uv@(r)slept/, announce /@naUns/ v. 宣布；宣告 p.54
overslept)睡过头； 睡得太久 p.49 spaghetti /sp@geti/ n. 意大利面条 p.54
115Words and Expressions in Each Unit
hoax /h@Uks/ n. 骗局；恶作剧 p.54 ugly /gli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 p.58
sell out 卖光 p.54 advantage /@dvA:ntIdZ/,
discovery /dIskv@ri/ n. 发现； /@dvntIdZ/ n. 优点；有利条件 p.58
发觉 p.54 cost /kst/, /kO:st/ v. (cost, cost)
lady /leIdi/ n. 女士；女子 p.54 花费 n. 花费；价钱 p.58
cancel /knsl/ v. 取消；终止 p.54 wooden /wUdn/ adj. 木制的；
officer /fIs@/, /A:fIs@r/ 木头的 p.58
n. 军官；官员 p.54 plastic /plstIk/ adj. 塑料的
believable /bIli:v@bl/ n. 塑料；塑胶 p.58
adj. 可相信的；可信任的 p.55 takeaway /teIk@weI/ n. 外卖食物 p.58
disappear /dIs@pI@/ v. 消失；不见 p.55 bin /bIn/ n. 垃圾箱 p.58
embarrassing /Imbr@sIN/ shark /SA:(r)k/ n. 鲨鱼 p.59
adj. 使人害羞的（难堪的或 fin /fIn/ n（. 鱼）鳍 p.59
惭愧的） p.55 cruel /kru:@l/ adj. 残酷的；残忍的 p.59
harmful /hA:(r)mfl/ adj. 有害的 p.59
New Zealand /nju:zi:l@nd/ 新西兰 p.51 be harmful to 对⋯⋯有害 p.59
Italy /It@li/ 意大利 p.54 at the top of 在⋯⋯顶部或顶端 p.59
Mars /mA:(r)z/ 火星 p.54 chain /tSeIn/ n. 链子；链条 p.59
the food chain 食物链 p.59
Matt /mt/马特 （ 男名） p.50 ecosystem /i:k@UsIst@m/
Kevin /kevIn/凯文 （ 男名） p.50 n. 生态系统 p.59
Carl /kA:(r)l/ 卡尔（男名） p.50 industry /Ind@stri/ n. 工业；行业 p.59
Orson /O:(r)s@n/ Welles /welz/ law /lO:/ n. 法律；法规 p.59
奥森·韦尔斯 p.54 scientific /saI@ntIfIk/
adj. 科学上的；科学的 p.59
Unit 8 take part in 参加 p.60
litter /lIt@(r)/ v. 乱扔 afford /@fO:(r)d/ v. 承担得起（后
n. 垃圾；废弃物 p.57 果）；买得起 p.60
bottom /bt@m/, /bA:t@m/ turn off 关掉 p.60
n. 底部；最下部 p.57 reusable /ri:ju:z@bl/ adj.
fisherman /fIS@(r)m@n/ n. 渔民； 可重复使用的；可再次使用的 p.60
钓鱼的人 p.57 pay for 付费；付出代价 p.60
coal /k@Ul/ n. 煤；煤块 p.58 take action 采取行动 p.60
116Words and Expressions in Each Unit
transportation /trnspO:(r)teISn/ Unit 9
n. 运输业；交通运输 p.60 talk over 商量；讨论 p.65
recycle /ri:saIkl/ v. 回收利用； behavior /bIheIvj@/ n. 行为；举止 p.66
再利用 p.61 get through 度过；通过；做完 p.67
napkin /npkIn/ n. 餐巾；餐巾纸 p.61 cola /k@Ul@/ n. 可乐饮料 p.67
throw away 扔掉；抛弃 p.62 nap /np/ n（. 白天）小睡；打盹 p.70
put sth. to good use 好好利用某物 p.62 concentrate /kns@ntreIt/ v. 专心于 p.70
pull ... down 拆下；摧毁 p.62 effect /Ifekt/ n. 效果；作用；影响 p.70
upside /psaId/ down 上下颠倒； regular /regj@l@/ adj. 有规律的 p.70
倒转 p.62 amount n. 数量；数额 p.70
gate /geIt/ n. 大门 p.62 average /v@rIdZ/ adj. 平均的 p.70
bottle /btl/, /bA:tl/ n. 瓶子 p.62 figure /fIg@(r)/ n. 数字 p.70
president /prezId@nt/ n. 负责人；
主席；总统 p.62 Unit 10
inspiration /Insp@reISn/ n. 灵感； survey /s3:(r)veI/ n. 调查 p.73
鼓舞人心的人（或事物） p.62 standard /stnd@(r)d/
iron /aI@n/ n. 铁 p.62 n. 标准；水平 p.73
work /w3:(r)k/ row /r@U/ n. 一排；一列；一行 p.73
n（. 音乐、艺术）作品 p.62 in a row 连续几次地 p.73
metal /metl/ n. 金属 p.62 keyboard /ki:bO:(r)d/ n. 键盘式
bring back 恢复；使想起；归还 p.62 电子乐器；键盘 p.73
creativity /kri:eItIv@ti/ n. 创造力； instruction /InstrkSn/ n. 指示；
独创性 p.62 命令 p.74
double /dbl/ v. 加倍；是⋯⋯的两倍
WildAid /waIldeId/ adj. 两倍的；加倍的 p.74
野生救援协会（美国） p.59 shall /Sl, S@l/ modal v. 将要；将会 p.74
WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) look back at 回首（往事）；回忆；
世界自然基金会 p.59 回顾 p.75
overcome /@Uv@(r)km/ v.
Jason /dZeIs@n/贾森（男名） p.58 (overcame /@Uv@(r)keIm/,
Hayes /heIz/ 海斯（姓） p.62 overcome) 克服；战胜 p.75
Jessica /dZesIk@/杰西卡（女名） p.62 make a mess 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂）
p.75
117Words and Expressions in Each Unit
graduate /grdZueIt/ v. 毕业； ahead /@hed/ adv. 向前面；在前面 p.78
获得学位 p.75 ahead of 在⋯⋯前面 p.78
keep one’s cool 沉住气；保持冷静 p.75 along with 连同；除⋯⋯以外还 p.78
caring /ke@rIN/ adj. 体贴人的； responsible /rIspns@bl/,
关心他人的 p.75 /rIspA:ns@bl/adj. 有责任心的 p.78
ours /aU@(r)z/ pron. 我们的 p.75 be responsible for 对⋯⋯有责任；
senior /si:ni@(r)/ 负责任 p.78
adj. 级别（或地位）高的 p.76 separate
senior high (school) 高中 p.76 /sep@r@t/ adj. 单独的；分离的
text /tekst/ n. 课文；文本 p.76 /sep@reIt/ v. 分开；分离 p.78
go by（ 时间）逝去；过去 p.76 set out 出发；启程 p.78
level /levl/ n. 水平 p.76 separate from 分离；隔开 p.79
degree /dIgri:/ n（. 大学）学位 ； wing /wIN/ n. 翅膀；翼 p.79
度数；程度 p.77
manager /mnIdZ@(r)/ n. 经理； Luke /lu:k/ 卢克（男名） p.74
经营者 p.77 Brian /braI@n/ 布赖恩（男名） p.74
believe in 信任；信赖 p.77 Griffin /grIfIn/ 格里芬（姓） p.74
gentleman /dZentlm@n/ n. 先生； Trent /trent/ 特伦特（姓） p.76
绅士 p.78
graduation /grdZueISn/ n. 毕业 p.78
ceremony /ser@m@ni/ n. 典礼；
仪式 p.78
first of all 首先 p.78
congratulate /k@ngrtSuleIt/
v. 祝贺 p.78
thirsty /T3:(r)sti/ adj. 渴望的；
口渴的 p.78
be thirsty for 渴望；渴求 p.78
thankful /TNkf@l/ adj. 感谢；
感激 p.78
be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激 p.78
lastly /lA:stli/, /lstli/ adv. 最后 p.78
task /tA:sk/, /tsk/ n. 任务；工作 p.78
118Vocabulary Index
Vocabulary Index
（注：在本词表中，重点词汇用黑体标出。
在英式发音和美式发音有区别时，英式发音在前，美式发音在后。）
A at the top of 在⋯⋯顶部或顶端 p.59
above /@bv/ prep. 在⋯⋯上面 Australian /streIli@n, O:streIli@n/
adv. 在上面 p.51 adj. 澳大利亚（人）的
accidental /ksIdentl/ adj. 意外的； n. 澳大利亚人 p.26
偶然的 p.3 average /v@rIdZ/ adj. 平均的 p.70
advantage /@dvA:ntIdZ/, /@dvntIdZ/ awful /O:fl/ adj. 很坏的；讨厌的 p.11
n. 优点；有利条件 p.58
afford /@fO:(r)d/ v. 承担得起（后 B
果）；买得起 p.60 backpack /bkpk/ n. 背包；
after all 毕竟；终归 p.35 旅行包 p.49
agreement /@gri:m@nt/ badly /bdli/ adv. 严重地；差；
n（. 意见或看法）一致；同意 p.46 非常 p.11
ahead /@hed/ adv. 向前面；在前面 p.78 banker /bNk@(r)/ n. 银行家 p.43
ahead of 在⋯⋯前面 p.78 basic /beIsIk/ adj. 基本的；基础的 p.38
airport /e@pO:(r)t/n. 机场 p.51 basket /bA:skIt/, /bskIt/
alien /eIli@n/ n. 外星人 p.21 n. 篮；筐 p.6
alive /@laIv/adj. 活着；有生气的 p.51 be friends with sb. 成为某人的朋友 p.42
all of a sudden 突然；猛地 p.4 be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻；对某人
along with 连同；除⋯⋯以外还 p.78 要求严厉 p.46
amount n. 数量；数额 p.70 be harmful to 对⋯⋯有害 p.59
ancestor /nsest@(r)/ be responsible for 对⋯⋯有责任；
n. 祖宗；祖先 p.22 负责任 p.78
announce /@naUns/ v. 宣布；宣告 p.54 be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激 p.78
anybody /enibdi/, /enibA:di/ be thirsty for 渴望；渴求 p.78
pron. 任何人 p.17 bean /bi:n/ n. 豆；豆荚 p.52
attend /@tend/ v. 出席；参加 p.18 behave /bIheIv/ v. 表现；举止 p.38
at the same time 同时；一起 p.22 behavior /bIheIvj@/ n. 行为；举止 p.66
119Vocabulary Index
believable /bIli:v@bl/ capital /kpItl/ n. 首都；国都 p.35
adj. 可相信的；可信任的 p.55 caring /ke@rIN/ adj. 体贴人的；
believe in 信任；信赖 p.77 关心他人的 p.75
bell /bel/ n. 钟（声）；铃（声） p.4 case /keIs/ n. 情况；实情 p.26
besides /bIsaIdz/ adv. 而且 p.46 ceremony /ser@m@ni/ n. 典礼；仪式 p.78
bin /bIn/ n. 垃圾箱 p.58 chain /tSeIn/ n. 链子；链条 p.59
biscuit /bIskIt/ n. 饼干 p.4 chalk /tSO:k/ n. 粉笔 p.36
blackboard /blkbO:(r)d/ n. 黑板 p.36 circle /s3:(r)kl/ n. 圆圈 v. 圈出 p.22
block /blk/, /blA:k/ n. 街区 p.51 clean ... off 把⋯⋯擦掉 p.36
boil /bOIl/ v. 煮沸；烧开 p.3 coal /k@Ul/ n. 煤；煤块 p.58
bottle /btl/, /bA:tl/ n. 瓶子 p.62 coast /k@Ust/ n. 海岸；海滨 p.36
bottom /bt@m/, /bA:t@m/ coat /k@Ut/ n. 外套；外衣 p.20
n. 底部；最下部 p.57 cola /k@Ul@/ n. 可乐饮料 p.67
bow /baU/ v. & n. 鞠躬 p.33 community /k@mju:n@ti/ n. 社区；
Britain /brItn/ (= Great Britain) 社团 p.12
大不列颠 p.22 concentrate /kns@ntreIt/
bring back 恢复；使想起；归还 p.62 v. 专心于 p.70
burial /beri@l/ n. 埋葬；安葬 p.42 congratulate /k@ngrtSuleIt/
burn /b3:(r)n/ v. (burnt /b3:(r)nt/, v. 祝贺 p.78
burnt; burned /b3:(r)nd/, cookie /kUki/ n. 曲奇饼 p.4
burned) 着火；燃烧 p.51 cost /kst/, /kO:st/
burning /b3:(r)nIN/adj. 着火的； v. (cost, cost)花费
燃烧的 p.51 n. 花费；价钱 p.58
by accident 偶然；意外地 p.3 costume /kstju:m/, /kA:stu:m/
by mistake 错误地；无意中 p.5 n（. 特定场合穿的）服装；装束 p.53
by the end of 在（某时间点）以前 p.52 costume party 化装舞会 p.53
by the time ... 在⋯⋯以前 p.49 courage /krIdZ/, /k3:rIdZ/
n. 勇敢；勇气 p.46
C cream /kri:m/ n. 奶油；乳脂 p.52
call in 召来；叫来 p.43 creativity /kri:eItIv@ti/ n. 创造力；
Canadian /k@neIdi@n/ adj. 加拿大的； 独创性 p.62
加拿大人的 n. 加拿大人 p.6 crispy /krIspi/ adj. 脆的；酥脆的 p.5
cancel /knsl/ v. 取消；终止 p.54 cruel /kru:@l/ adj. 残酷的；残忍的 p.59
120Vocabulary Index
cry /kraI/ v. & n. 哭；叫喊 p.11 ecosystem /i:k@UsIst@m/
custom /kst@m/ n. 风俗；习俗 p.33 n. 生态系统 p.59
customer /kst@m@(r)/ n. 顾客； educate /edZukeIt/ v. 教育；教导 p.12
客户 p.5 effort /ef@(r)t/ n. 努力；尽力 p.35
effect /Ifekt/ n. 效果；作用；影响 p.70
D elbow /elb@U/ n. 肘；胳膊 p.38
daily /deIli/ adj. 每日的；日常的 p.2 electricity /IlektrIs@ti/ n. 电；电能 p.2
degree /dIgri:/ n（. 大学）学位 ； electronic /IlektrnIk/, /IlektrA:nIk/
度数；程度 p.77 adj. 电子的；电子设备的 p.26
disappear /dIs@pI@/ v. 消失；不见 p.55 embarrassed /Imbr@st/
disappoint /dIs@pOInt/ v. 使失望 p.47 adj. 窘迫的；害羞的 p.53
disbelief /dIsbIli:f/ n. 不信；怀疑 p.51 embarrassing /Imbr@sIN/
discovery /dIskv@ri/ n. 发现； adj. 使人害羞的（难堪的或
发觉 p.54 惭愧的） p.55
divide /dIvaId/ v. 分开；分散 p.6 empty /empti/ adj. 空的；空洞的 p.37
divide ... into 把⋯⋯分开 p.6 ending /endIN/ n（. 故事、电影等的）
documentary /dkjumentri/, 结尾；结局 p.27
/dA:kjumentri/ n. 纪录片 p.7 enemy /en@mi/ n. 敌人；仇人 p.22
double /dbl/ v. 加倍；是⋯⋯的两倍 energy /en@(r)dZi/ n. 力量；精力 p.22
adj. 两倍的；加倍的 p.74 enter /ent@(r)/ v. 进来；进去 p.14
doubt /daUt/ n. 疑惑；疑问 v. 怀疑 p.3 examine /IgzmIn/
down /daUn/ adj. 悲哀；沮丧 p.27 v（. 仔细地）检查；检验 p.43
drama /drA:m@/ n. 戏；剧 p.27 except /Iksept/
drive /draIv/ v. 迫使 p.42 prep. 除⋯⋯之外
drive sb. crazy/mad 使人发疯/发狂 p.42 conj. 除了；只是 p.38
drop by 顺便访问；随便进入 p.35 exchange /IkstSeIndZ/ n. & v. 交换 p.38
express /Ikspres/ v. 表示；表达 p.22
E
earring /I@rIN/, /IrIN/ F
n. 耳环；耳饰 p.10 fame /feIm/ n. 名声；声誉 p.53
earthquake /3:(r)TkweIk/n. 地震 p.4 fault /fO:lt/ n. 过失；缺点 p.46
eastern /i:st@(r)n/ adj. 东方的； field /fi:ld/ n. 田野；场地 p.11
东部的 p.36 figure /fIg@(r)/ n. 数字 p.70
121Vocabulary Index
fin /fIn/ n（. 鱼）鳍 p.59 guy /gaI/ n（. 非正式）家伙
first of all 首先 p.78 (pl.) 伙计们 p.46
fisherman /fIS@(r)m@n/ n. 渔民；
钓鱼的人 p.57 H
flash /flS/ n. 闪光灯；闪光 happening /hp@nIN/ n. 事件；
v. 闪耀；闪光 p.10 发生的事情（常指不寻常的） p.19
fool /fu:l/ n. 蠢人；傻瓜 v. 愚弄 p.53 harmful /hA:(r)mfl/ adj. 有害的 p.59
fridge /frIdZ/ n. 冰箱 p.4 have a point 有道理 p.2
friendship /frendSIp/ heel /hi:l/ n. 鞋跟；足跟 p.2
n. 友谊；友情 p.42 hero /hI@r@U/, /hIr@U/ n. 英雄；
男主角 p.6
G historian /hIstO:ri@n/ n. 历史学家；
gate /geIt/ n. 大门 p.62 史学工作者 p.22
gentleman /dZentlm@n/ n. 先生； hoax /h@Uks/ n. 骗局；恶作剧 p.54
绅士 p.78 honor /n@/, /A:n@r/ (= honour)
get in the way of 挡⋯⋯的路；妨碍 p.14 v. 尊重；表示敬意 n. 荣幸；荣誉 p.22
get mad 大动肝火；气愤 p.35 hug /hg/ n. & v. 拥抱；搂抱 p.11
get used to 习惯于 p.38
get through 度过；通过；做完 p.67 I
give ... a lift 捎⋯⋯一程 p.50 in a row 连续几次地 p.73
goal /g@Ul/ n. 球门；射门；目标 p.46 in line with（ 与⋯⋯）成一排 p.51
go by（ 时间）逝去；过去 p.76 in that case 既然那样；假使那样的话 p.26
go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力 p.38 in total 总共；合计 p.30
gradually /grdZu@li/ industry /Ind@stri/ n. 工业；行业 p.59
adv. 逐步地；渐进地 p.38 inspiration /Insp@reISn/ n. 灵感；
graduate /grdZueIt/ v. 毕业； 鼓舞人心的人（或事物） p.62
获得学位 p.75 instruction /InstrkSn/ n. 指示；
graduation /grdZueISn/ n. 毕业 p.78 命令 p.74
granddaughter /grndO:t@(r)/ instrument /Instr@m@nt/ n. 器械；
n（. 外）孙女 p.38 仪器；工具 p.4
greet /gri:t/ v. 和⋯⋯打招呼；迎接 p.34 intelligent /IntelIdZ@nt/
grey /greI/ adj（. 天空）阴沉的； adj. 有才智的；聪明的 p.28
昏暗的；灰色的 p.44 iron /aI@n/ n. 铁 p.62
122Vocabulary Index
K litter /lIt@(r)/ v. 乱扔 n. 垃圾；废弃物 p.57
keep ... away from 避免接近；远离 p.12 lock /lk/, /lA:k/ v. 锁上；锁住 n. 锁 p.4
keep one’s cool 沉住气；保持冷静 p.75 look back at 回首（往事）；回忆；
keyboard /ki:bO:(r)d/ n. 键盘式 回顾 p.75
电子乐器；键盘 p.73 look up to 钦佩；仰慕 p.6
kick /kIk/ v. 踢；踹 p.46 low /l@U/ adj. 低的；矮的 p.4
kick sb. off 开除某人 p.46 lyrics /lIrIks/ n. (pl.) 歌词 p.25
king /kIN/ n. 国王；君主 p.43
kiss /kIs/ v. & n. 亲吻；接吻 p.33 M
knock /nk/, /nA:k/ v. 敲；击 mad /md/ adj. 很生气；疯的 p.35
n. 敲击声；敲击 p.36 make ... feel at home
使（某人）感到宾至如归 p.38
L make a mess 弄得一团糟（一塌糊涂） p.75
laboratory /l@br@tri/, /lbr@tO:ri/ make an effort 作出努力 p.35
n. 实验室 p.20 make one’s own decision 自己做决定 p.12
lady /leIdi/ n. 女士；女子 p.54 manage /mnIdZ/ v. 完成（困难的
land /lnd/ v. 着陆；降落 p.21 事 ） ；应付（困难局面） p.12
lastly /lA:stli/, /lstli/ adv. 最后 p.78 manager /mnIdZ@(r)/ n. 经理；
lately /leItli/ adv. 最近；不久前 p.42 经营者 p.77
law /lO:/ n. 法律；法规 p.59 manner /mn@(r)/ n. 方式；方法
leader /li:d@(r)/ n. 领导；领袖 p.22 (pl.) 礼貌；礼仪 p.36
leave out 不包括；不提及；忽略 p.42 market /mA:(r)kIt/ n. 市场；集市 p.52
lemon /lem@n/ n. 柠檬 p.44 master /mA:st@/, /mst@r/
let ... down 使失望 p.46 n. 大师；能手；主人 v. 掌握 p.30
level /levl/ n. 水平 p.76 medical /medIkl/ adj. 医疗的；
license /laIsns/n. (= licence) 证； 医学的 p.22
证件 p.9 mention /menSn/ v. 提到；说到 p.2
lifetime /laIftaIm/ n. 一生； metal /metl/ n. 金属 p.62
有生之年 p.30 midsummer /mIdsm@(r)/
lift /lIft/ v. 举起；抬高 n. 电梯； n. 仲夏；中夏 p.22
搭便车 p.11 minister /mInIst@(r)/ n. 大臣；部长 p.43
list /lIst/ v. 列表；列清单 moving /mu:vIN/ adj. 动人的；
n. 名单；清单 p.2 令人感动的 p.30
123Vocabulary Index
musical /mju:zIkl/ adj. 音乐的； P
有音乐天赋的 p.4 pain /peIn/ n. 痛苦；疼痛；苦恼 p.30
mystery /mIstri/ n. 奥秘；神秘事物 p.22 painful /peInfl/ adj. 令人痛苦的；
令人疼痛的 p.30
N palace /pl@s/ n. 王宫；宫殿 p.43
nap /np/ n（. 白天）小睡；打盹 p.70 pale /peIl/ adj. 苍白的；灰白的 p.43
napkin /npkIn/ n. 餐巾；餐巾纸 p.61 part-time /pA:(r)t taIm/
nearly /nI@li/, /nIrli/ adv. 几乎； adj. & adv. 兼职（的） p.9
差不多 p.8 passport /pA:spO:t/, /pspO:rt/
neither ... nor ... 既不⋯⋯也不⋯⋯ p.43 n. 护照 p.36
nod /nd/, /nA:d/ v. 点头 p.46 pay for 付费；付出代价 p.60
noise /nOIz/ n.声音；噪音 p.19 perform /p@(r)fO:(r)m/ v. 表演；
noon /nu:n/ n. 正午；中午 p.35 执行 p.30
nor /nO:(r)/ conj. & adv. 也不 p.43 period /pI@ri@d/, /pIri@d/
northern /nO:(r)D@(r)n/ n. 一段时间；时期 p.22
adj. 北方的；北部的 p.36 picnic /pIknIk/ n. 野餐 p.17
not only ... but also ... pie /paI/ n. 果馅饼；果馅派 p.52
不但⋯⋯而且⋯⋯ p.6 pierce /pI@s/, /pIrs/ v. 扎；刺破；
穿透 p.9
O pink /pINk/ adj. 粉红色的 n. 粉红色 p.18
officer /fIs@/, /A:fIs@r/ pioneer /paI@nI@/, /paI@nIr/
n. 军官；官员 p.54 n. 先锋；先驱 p.2
once in a while 偶尔地；间或 p.27 pity /pIti/ n. 遗憾；怜悯
ours /aU@(r)z/ pron. 我们的 p.75 v. 同情；怜悯 p.30
outdoors /aUtdO:(r)z/ adv. 在户外； plastic /plstIk/
在野外 p.20 adj. 塑料的
overcome /@Uv@(r)km/ v. n. 塑料；塑胶 p.58
(overcame /@Uv@(r)keIm/, pleasure /pleZ@(r)/ n. 高兴；愉快 p.2
overcome) 克服；战胜 p.75 plenty /plenti/ pron. 大量；众多 p.27
oversleep /@Uv@(r)sli:p/ v. plenty of 大量；充足 p.27
(overslept /@Uv@(r)slept/, overslept) poem /p@UIm/ n. 诗；韵文 p.11
睡过头； 睡得太久 p.49 policeman /p@li:sm@n/
n（. pl. policemen）男警察 p.19
124Vocabulary Index
popularity /ppjulr@ti/, regular /regj@l@/ adj. 有规律的 p.70
/pA:pjulr@ti/ n. 受欢迎；普及 p.3 relaxed /rIlkst/ adj. 放松的；
position /p@zISn/ n. 位置；地方 p.22 自在的 p.35
power /paU@(r)/ n. 权力；力量 p.43 relief /rIli:f/ n. 轻松；解脱 p.46
praise /preIz/ v. & n. 表扬；赞扬 p.30 remain /rImeIn/ v. 保持不变；剩余 p.3
prefer /prIf3:(r)/ v. 更喜欢 p.25 responsible /rIspns@bl/,
president /prezId@nt/ n. 负责人； /rIspA:ns@bl/adj. 有责任心的 p.78
主席；总统 p.62 reusable /ri:ju:z@bl/ adj.
prevent /prIvent/ v. 阻止；阻挠 p.22 可重复使用的；可再次使用的 p.60
prime /praIm/ adj. 首要的；基本的 p.43 ring /rIN/ v（. rang /rng/, rung /rN/）
prime minister 首相；大臣 p.43 （使）发出铃声或钟声；打电话 p.4
professional /pr@feS@nl/ row /r@U/ n. 一排；一列；一行 p.73
adj. 职业的；专业的 p.7 ruler /ru:l@/ n. 统治者；支配者 p.3
pull /pUl/ v. 拉；拖 p.46 run after 追逐；追赶 p.21
pull ... down 拆下；摧毁 p.62
pull together 齐心协力；通力合作 p.46 S
purpose /p3:(r)p@s/ n. 目的；目标 p.22 sadness /sdn@s/ n. 悲伤；悲痛 p.30
put sth. to good use 好好利用某物 p.62 safety /seIfti/ n. 安全；安全性 p.9
saint /seInt/ n. 圣人；圣徒 p.3
Q salty /sO:lti/ adj. 咸的 p.5
queen /kwi:n/ n. 王后；女王 p.43 scientific /saI@ntIfIk/
adj. 科学上的；科学的 p.59
R scoop /sku:p/ n. 勺；铲子 p.2
rabbit /rbIt/ n. 兔；野兔 p.17 season /si:zn/ n. 季；季节 p.36
rather /rA:D@/, /rD@r/ adv. 宁愿； sell out 卖光 p.54
相当 p.41 senior /si:ni@(r)/
rather than 而不是 p.46 adj. 级别（或地位）高的 p.76
recall /rIkO:l/ v. 回忆起；回想起 p.30 senior high (school) 高中 p.76
recycle /ri:saIkl/ v. 回收利用； sense /sens/ v. 感觉到；意识到
再利用 p.61 n. 感觉；意识 p.30
reflect /rIflekt/ v. 反映；映出 p.30 separate
regret /rIgret/ v. & n. 感到遗憾； /sep@r@t/ adj. 单独的；分离的
懊悔 p.11 /sep@reIt/ v. 分开；分离 p.78
125Vocabulary Index
separate from 分离；隔开 p.79 suit /sju:t/, /su:t/ n. 西服；套装
set out 出发；启程 p.78 v. 适合 p.21
shall /Sl, S@l/ modal v. 将要；将会 p.74 superhero /su:p@(r)hI@r@U/
shark /SA:(r)k/ n. 鲨鱼 p.59 n. 超级英雄 p.27
shoulder /S@Uld@(r)/ n. 肩；肩膀 p.46 support /s@pO:(r)t/ v. & n. 支持 p.14
show up 赶到；露面 p.52 survey /s3:(r)veI/ n. 调查 p.73
shut /St/ v. (shut, shut) 关闭；关上 p.27
shut off 关闭；停止运转 p.27 T
sleepy /sli:pi/ adj. 困倦的；瞌睡的 p.20 take action 采取行动 p.60
smell /smel/ n. 气味 take off 脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞 p.36
v（. smelt /smelt/, smelt; smelled, take part in 参加 p.60
smelled）发出⋯⋯气味；闻到 p.3 take place 发生；出现 p.3
smoke /sm@Uk/ v. 吸烟；冒烟 takeaway /teIk@weI/ n. 外卖食物 p.58
n. 烟 p.9 talk back 回嘴；顶嘴 p.11
smooth /smu:D/ adj. 悦耳的； talk over 商量；讨论 p.65
平滑的 p.26 task /tA:sk/, /tsk/ n. 任务；工作 p.78
society /s@saI@ti/ n. 社会 p.12 teammate /ti:mmeIt/ n. 同队队员；
somebody /smb@di/ pron. 某人 队友 p.46
n. 重要人物 p.4 teen /ti:n/ n（. 13至19岁之间的）
sour /saU@(r)/ adj. 酸的；有酸味的 p.5 青少年 p.11
spaghetti /sp@geti/ n. 意大利面条 p.54 teenage /ti:neIdZ/ adj. 十几岁的；
spare /spe@(r)/, /sper/ 青少年的 p.38
adj. 空闲的；不用的 text /tekst/ n. 课文；文本 p.76
v. 抽出；留出 p.26 thankful /TNkf@l/ adj. 感谢；感激 p.78
standard /stnd@(r)d/ the food chain 食物链 p.59
n. 标准；水平 p.73 the more ... the more ...
stare /ste@/, /ster/ v. 盯着看；凝视 p.51 越⋯⋯越⋯⋯；愈⋯⋯愈⋯⋯ p.42
stick /stIk/ v. (stuck /stk/, stuck) the Olympics /@lImpIks/
粘贴；将⋯⋯刺入 p.27 奥林匹克运动会 p.6
stick to 坚持；固守 p.27 thirsty /T3:(r)sti/ adj. 渴望的；
style /staIl/ n. 样式；款式 p.2 口渴的 p.78
sudden /sd@n/ adj. 突然（的） p.4 throw away 扔掉；抛弃 p.62
suggestion /s@dZestS@n/ n. 建议 p.40 till /tIl/ prep. & conj. 到；直到 p.51
126Vocabulary Index
tiny /taIni/ adj. 极小的；微小的 p.11 west /west/ adv. 向西；朝西
to start with 起初；开始时 p.44 adj. 向西的；西部的
total /t@Utl/ n. 总数；合计 n. 西；西方 p.51
adj. 总的；全体的 p.30 whose /hu:z/ adj. & pron. 谁的 p.17
trade /treId/ n. 贸易；交易 wing /wIN/ n. 翅膀；翼 p.79
v. 做买卖；从事贸易 p.3 without doubt 毫无疑问；的确 p.3
transportation /trnspO:(r)teISn/ wolf /wUlf/ n. 狼 p.19
n. 运输业；交通运输 p.60 wooden /wUdn/
truck /trk/ n. 卡车；货车 p.17 adj. 木制的；木头的 p.58
turn off 关掉 p.60 work /w3:(r)k/
n（. 音乐、艺术）作品 p.62
U workday/w3:(r)kdeI/ n. 工作日 p.52
ugly /gli/ adj. 丑陋的；难看的 p.58 worth /w3:(r)T/ adj. 值得；
uncomfortable /nkmf@(r)t@bl/ 有⋯⋯价值（的） p.36
adj. 使人不舒服的；令人不舒适的 p.44 would rather（ 通常缩写为’d rather）
uneasy /ni:zi/ adj. 担心的；不安的 p.19 宁愿 p.41
unexpected /nIkspektId/ wound /wu:nd/ n. 伤；伤口；创伤
adj. 出乎意料的；始料不及的 p.49 v. 使（身体）受伤；伤害 p.30
upside /psaId/ down 上下颠倒；
倒转 p.62 Z
zipper /zIp@(r)/ n. (= zip) 拉链；
V 拉锁 p.2
valuable /vlju@bl/ adj. 贵重的；
很有用的；宝贵的 p.18
value /vlju:/ v. 重视；珍视
n. 价值 p.35
victory /vIkt@ri/ n. 胜利；成功 p.22
W
war /wO:(r)/ n. 战争；战争状态 p.26
wealth /welT/ n. 财富 p.43
website /websaIt/ n. 网站 p.2
weight /weIt/ n. 重量；分量 p.46
127Irregular Verbs
Irregular Verbs
Verb Past tense Past participle Verb Past tense Past participle
be (am, fall fell fallen
was, were been
is, are)
feed fed fed
bear bore born feel felt felt
beat beat beaten fight fought fought
become became become find found found
begin began begun fly flew flown
blow blew blown forget forgot forgotten
break broke broken get got got/gotten
bring brought brought give gave given
build built built go went gone
burnt/ grow grew grown
burn burnt/burned
burned
hang
hung hung
buy bought bought (悬挂)
catch caught caught
have
had had
choose chose chosen (has)
come came come hear heard heard
cost cost cost hide hid hidden
cut cut cut hit hit hit
deal dealt dealt hold held held
dig dug dug hurt hurt hurt
do keep kept kept
did done
(does) know knew known
draw drew drawn lay laid laid
dreamt/ lead led led
dream dreamt/dreamed
dreamed
learnt/
learn learnt/learned
drink drank drunk learned
drive drove driven leave left left
eat ate eaten lend lent lent
128Irregular Verbs
Verb Past tense Past participle Verb Past tense Past participle
let let let sing sang sung
lie (躺) lay lain sit sat sat
light lit/lighted lit/lighted sleep slept slept
lose lost lost smelt/
smell smelt/smelled
make made made smelled
mean meant meant speak spoke spoken
meet met met sped/
speed sped/speeded
mistake mistook mistaken speeded
overcome overcame overcome spelt/
spell spelt/spelled
spelled
oversleep overslept overslept
pay paid paid spend spent spent
put put put spread spread spread
stand stood stood
read
read /red/ read /red/
/ri:d/ steal stole stolen
ride rode ridden stick stuck stuck
ring rang rung swim swam swum
rise rose risen take took taken
run ran run teach taught taught
say said said tell told told
see saw seen think thought thought
sell sold sold throw threw thrown
send sent sent under-
understood understood
set set set stand
shake shook shaken wake woke woken
shine shone shone wear wore worn
show showed shown win won won
shut shut shut write wrote written
129出 版 说 明
为了更好地满足五四学制实验区义务教育教学的需要，2003年山东省教
育厅决定以全国中小学教材审定委员会初审通过的义务教育课程标准实验教科
书为基础，委托山东教育出版社等单位改编、出版一套五四学制的义务教育课
程标准实验教科书。该套实验教科书经全国中小学教材审定委员会初审通过后
供山东省的烟台、威海、淄博、莱芜等五四学制实验区选用，受到了广大师生
的欢迎和肯定。
2011年7月，教育部启动了义务教育课程标准实验教科书的修订送审工
作，为了做好五四学制实验教科书的修订送审工作，山东出版集团与人民教育
出版社签署了合作协议。五四学制教科书的修订、编写依据教育部制定的义务
教育课程标准（2011年版），以人教版六三学制教科书为基础，吸取了五四学
制实验区多年来在教学实践中探索、积累的丰硕成果。
义务教育教科书（五四学制）《英语》（6〜9年级）是在刘道义、郑旺
全、David Nunan主编的人教版六三学制《英语（新目标）》（7〜9年级）的基
础上改编而成的，参加此次改编的人员有刘道义、吴欣、刘倩、高钧、宋纯
杰、曹凤华、肖宁、周飞宇、林常青、常晶晶、岳建梅，由刘道义任主编、刘
倩任副主编。本套教科书经教育部审定通过，供五四学制地区选用。
本书的改编、出版得到了山东省教育厅、山东出版集团、山东省教学研
究室、烟台市教育科学研究院、威海市教育教学研究中心、淄博市教研室、莱
芜市教研室以及泰安、青岛、济宁等教研单位，特别是人民教育出版社的领导
和学科专家的大力帮助和支持，在此表示由衷的感谢。
欢迎广大师生在使用过程中提出修改意见和建议，以利于教科书的不断
改进和完善。
山东教育出版社
