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英语四六级考试段落翻译常用词汇
中国经济
总需求 aggregate demand
总供给 aggregate supply
企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture
企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image
跨国公司 cross-national corporation
创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
猎头公司 head-hunter
假日经济 holiday economy
人力资本 human capital
航空和航天工业 aerospace industry
飞机制造工业 aircraft industry
电子工业 electronic industry
汽车制造工业 car industry
娱乐业 entertainment industry
信息产业 information industry
知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry
国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises
轻工业 light industry
博彩业 lottery industry
制造业 manufacturing industry
垄断行业 monopoly industries
市场多元化 market diversification
市场经济 market economy
市场监管 market supervision
购买力 purchasing power
熊市 bear market
牛市 bull market
城镇化 urbanization
房地产 real estate
首付 down-payment
业主 home owner
个人购房贷款 individual housing loan
经济全球化 economic globalization
经济特区 special economic zones (SEZ)
经济增长 economic growth
泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税 tariff
纳税人 tax payer
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宏观经济 macro economy
货币投放量 the size of money supply
流动性过剩 excess liquidity
经济过热 overheated economy
通货膨胀 inflation
抑制通货膨胀 curb inflation
注入流动性 to inject liquidity
贴现率 discount rate
存款准备金率 reserve requirement ratio (RRR)
公开市场业务 open market operation (OMO)
逆回购 reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo
引导降低市场借贷成本 to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level
稳健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy
微调货币政策 to fine-tune monetary policy
硬着陆 hard landing
软着陆 soft landing
二十国集团 Group of Twenty (G2O)
财政部长 Finance Minister
全年预期经济增长目标 the expected growth target for the whole year
经济活力 economic vitality
大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package
结构改革 structural reform
硬资产 hard assets
软资产 soft assets
有形资产 tangible assets
经济走廊 economic corridor
整顿市场秩序 to rectify the market order
反垄断 antitrust; anti-monopoly
定价浮动 price fluctuations
谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit
债务审计 audit of debt
地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability
公共财政体制改革 an overhaul of the public finance system
债务管理 debt management
信用支持 credit support
中国社会
多元文化论 cultural pluralism
文化适应 acculturation
社会保障 social security
班车 shuttle bus
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相定迁户 a relocated unit or household
大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age
独生子女 the only child in a family
单亲 single parent
福利彩票 welfare lotteries
家政服务 household management service
民工 migrant laborers
名人 celebrity
农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers
青春期 puberty
全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign
全国人口普查 nationwide census
社会保险 social insurance
暂住证 temporary residence permit/card
青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency
性骚扰 sexual harassment
走私 smuggling
性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination
年龄歧视 age discrimination
工作歧视 job discrimination
享乐主义 hedonism
文盲 illiteracy
贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor
盗版 pirated/illegal copies
一国两制 One Country, Two Systems
三个代表 the Three Represents Theory
两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)
南南合作 South-South Cooperation
南北对话 North-South Dialog
人大常委会 People’s Congress Standing Committee
法制观念 awareness of law
法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system
改革开放 reform and opening-up
公务员 civil servants
官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work
和谐并存 harmonious coexistence
计划生育 family planning
计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning
精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization
居委会 neighborhood committee
科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education
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可持续发展 sustainable development
廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency
两岸关系 cross-straits relations
两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations
领土完整 territorial integrity
民族精神 national spirit
普选制 general election system
求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences
人大代表 NPC member
物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization
小康社会 a well-off society
小康水平 a well-off standard
一个中国原则 the one-China principle
与时俱进 keep pace with the times
综合国力 overall national strength
共同愿望 common desire
“走出去”（战略）going global
不结盟 non-alignment
单边主义 unilateralism
多边政策 multilateralism
多极世界 multipolar world
人 口 老龄化 aging of population
人口出生率 birth rate
社区月服务 community service
道德法庭 court of ethics
盗用公款 embezzlement
成人夜校 night school for adults
在职进修班 on-job training courses
政治思想教育 political and ideological education
毕业生分配 graduate placement; assignment of graduate
充电 update one’s knowledge
初等教育 elementary education
大学城 college town
大学社区 college community
高等教育 higher education
高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education
高等学府 institution of higher education
综合性大学 comprehensive university
文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts
理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering
师范学院 teachers’ college; normal college
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高分低能 high scores and low abilities
高考(university/college) entrance examination
高校扩招 the college expansion plan
教育界 education circle
教育投入 input in education
九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education
考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
课外活动 extracurricular activities
必修课 required/compulsory course
选修课 elective/optional course
基础课 basic courses
专业课 specialized courses
课程表 school schedule
教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus
学习年限 period of schooling
学历 record of formal schooling
学分 credit
启发式教学 heuristic teaching
人才交流 talent exchange
人才战 competition for talented people
商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)
适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age
升学率 enrollment rate
硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral
study
素质教育 quality-oriented education
填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching
希望工程 Project Hope
走读生 extern; non-resident student
住宿生 boarder
研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)
应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate
校园数字化 campus digitalization
校园文化 campus culture
学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese
学历教育 education with record of formal schooling
学龄儿重 school-ager
学前教育 preschool education
学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
应试教育 exam-oriented education
职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics
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记者招待会 press conference
国家教委 State Education Commission
国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau
职业培训 job training
职业文盲 functional illiterate
智力引进 recruit/introduce (foreign) talents
智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)
助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students
网络世界 cyber world
网络文化 cyber culture
网络犯罪 cyber crime
网上购物 online shopping
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高科技园 high-tech park
工业园区 industrial park
火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)
信息港 info port
信息革命 information revolution
电子货币 e-currency
人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)
生物技术 bio-technology
克隆 cloning
基因工程 genetic engineering
转基因食品 genetically modified food (GM food)
试管婴儿 test-tube baby
基因哭变 genetic mutation
网络出版 e-publishing
三维电影 three-dimensional movie
光谷 optical valley
虚拟银行 virtual bank
信息化 informationization
信息高速公路 information superhighway
新兴学科 new branch of science; emerging discipline
纳米 nanometer
个人数字助理 personal digital assistant (PDA)
生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture
技术密集产品 technology-intensive product
数码科技 digital technology
同步卫星 geostationary satellite
神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V
风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite
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登月舱 lunar module
多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)
多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)
电子商务 e-business; e-commerce
电子管理 e-management
办公自动化 Office Automation (OA)
信息高地 information highland
信息检索 information retrieval
电话会议 teleconference
无土栽培 soilless cultivation
超级杂交水稻 super-hybrid rice
科技发展 scientific and technological advancement
重点项目 key project
国家重点工程 national key projects
南水北调 South-to-North water diversion
西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project
西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project
网络造谣 fabricating online rumors
恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others
停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service
公司歇业 closure of business
道路封闭 road closure
人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes
生态系统 ecosystem
森林生态系统 forest ecosystem
海洋生态系统 marine ecosystem
垄断价格 to monopolize the price
垄断市场 to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market
限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use
汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions
汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas
车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates
牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system
黑名单制度 a blacklist system
执业医师 practicing physician; licensed doctors
二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards
防伪技术 anti-forgery technology
非法交易 illegal transaction
冒名顶替 identification fraud
洗钱 money laundering
挂失 to report the loss
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补办 to re-apply/post-register
户籍 household registration
居住证 residence permit
山洪暴发 flash floods
水位 water level
低洼地区 low-lying areas
淹没农田 to inundate crops
大桥蜂塌 bridge collapse
最严重受灾地区 worst-hit/worst-stricken area
直接经济损失 direct economic loss
应急系统 emergency response system
闯红灯 running red light
遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates
扣分处罚 point penalty
酒驾 drunk driving
终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving
中国历史与文化
京剧 Peking opera
秦腔 Qin opera
功夫 Kungfo
太极 Tai Chi
口 技 ventriloquism
木偶戏 puppet show
皮影戏 shadowplay
折子戏 opera highlights
杂技 acrobatics
相声 witty dialogue comedy
刺绣 embroidery
苏绣 Suzhou embroidery
泥人 clay figure
书法 calligraphy
中国画 traditional Chinese painting
水墨画 Chinese brush painting
中国结 Chinese knot
中国古代四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
火药 gunpowder
印刷术 printing
造纸术 paper-making
指南针 the compass
青铜器 bronze ware
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瓷器 porcelain; china
唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
景泰蓝 cloisonne
秋千 swing
武术 martial arts
儒家思想 Confucianism
儒家文化 Confucian culture
道教 Taoism
墨家 Mohism
法家 Legalism
佛教 Buddhism
孔子 Confucius
孟子 Mencius
老子 Lao Tzu
庄子 Chuang Tzu
墨子 Mo Tzu
孙子 Sun Tzu
象形文字 pictographic characters
文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink, paper, and ink
stone)
《大学》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
《论语》The Analects of Confucius
《孟子》The Mencius
《孙子兵法》The Art of War
《三国演义》 Romance of the Three Kingdoms
《西游爷己》Journey to the West
《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions
《水浒传》Water margin
《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror
《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals
《史记》Historical Records
《诗经》The Book of Songs
《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes
《礼记》The Book of Rites
《三字经》Three-character Scriptures
八股文 eight-part essay
五言绝句 five-character quatrain
七言律诗 seven-character octave
旗袍 cheongsam
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中山装 Chinese tunic suit
唐装 Tang suit
风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen
阳历 Solar calendar
阴历 Lunar calendar
闰年 leap year
十二生肖 zodiac
春节 the Spring Festival
元宵节 the Lantern Festival
清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day
端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival
中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day
重阳节 the Double-ninth Day
七夕节 the Double-seventh Day
春联 spring couplets
庙会 temple fair
爆竹 firecracker
年画（traditional) New Year pictures
压岁钱 New Year gift-money
舞龙 dragon dance
元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings
灯谜 lantern riddle
舞狮 lion dance
踩高跷 stilt walking
赛龙舟 dragon boat race
胡同 hutong
山东菜 Shandong cuisine
川菜 Sichuan cuisine
粤菜 Canton cuisine
扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine
月饼 moon cake
年糕 rice cake
油条 deep-fried dough sticks
豆浆 soybean milk
馒头 steamed buns
花卷 steamed twisted rolls
包子 steamed stuffed buns
北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck
拉面 hand-stretched noodles
馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)
豆腐 tofu/ bean curd
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麻花 fried dough twist
烧饼 clay oven rolls
皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg
蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg
糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks
火锅 hot pot
长城 the Great Wall of China
烽火台 beacon tower
秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang
兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses
大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda
丝绸之路 the Silk Road
敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes
华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs
五台山"Wutai Mountain
九华山 Jiuhua Mountain
蛾眉山 Mount Emei
泰山 Mount Tai
黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain
故宫 the Imperial Palace
天坛 the Temple of Heaven
午门 Meridian Gate
大运河 Grand Canal
护城河 the Moat
回音壁 Echo Wall
居庸关 Juyongguan Pass
九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall
黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi
十三陵 the Ming Tombs
苏州园林 Suzhou gardens
西湖 West Lake
九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley
日月潭 Sun Moon Lake
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
鼓楼 drum tower
四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex
孔庙 Confucius Temple
乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha
十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha
喇嘛 Lama
转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy
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中药 traditional Chinese medicine
《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi’s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine
《神农本草经》Shennong’s Herbal Classic
《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica
针灸 acupuncture
推拿 medical massage
切脉 feeling the pulse
五禽戏 five-animal exercises
旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age
新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age
母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society
封建的 feudal
朝代 dynasty
秦朝 Qin Dynasty
汉朝 Han Dynasty
唐朝 Tang Dynasty
宋朝 Song Dynasty
元朝 Yuan Dynasty
明朝 Ming Dynasty
清朝 Qing Dynasty
秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin
皇太后 Empress Dowager
汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty
成吉思汗 Genghis Khan
春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period
文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng
慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi
皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch
诸侯 vassal
皇妃 imperial concubine
丞相，宰相 prime minister
太监 court eunuch
少数民族 ethnic minority
祭祀 offer sacrifices
西域 the Western Regions
战国 the Warring States
中华文明 Chinese civilization
文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization
秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang
鸦片战争 the Opium War
太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
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戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898
辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution
新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution
五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919
南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising
918 事变 September 18th Incident
长征 the Long March
西安事变 Xi’an Incident
南京大屠杀 Nanjing Massacre
抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan
毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong
孙中山 Sun Yat-sen
蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek
国民党 Kuomingtang
中华人民共和国 the People’s Republic of China (PRC)
满族 Manchu
蒙古人 Mongol
士大夫 scholar-officials
学者 scholar
诗人 poet
政治家 statesman
社会地位 social status
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