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姓名： 班级
Unit 4 Adversity and Course
4.2 Discovering Useful Structures
一、基础巩固
I．单词拼写
1．Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is c________ to eat animals.
2．I had a physical problem and had to go to the hospital for a t________ examination.
3．The room was very simple, nearly without any f________ and simply decorated.
4．We regret to inform you that your ________ (申请) has not been approved.
5．We are always busy with our work, only playing basketball once a week for ________ (消遣)．
6．Bob's ________ (侄子) is a freshman at Harvard University now.
7．If you are looking for some inspiration for your next ________ (公司的) trademark design, then this is
the place to be.
8．I've always looked to my father for ________ (指导) on these matters.
9. ________(不幸地),due to unforeseen circumstances,this year’s show has been cancelled.
10..Even if it was foggy and ________(潮湿的) this morning,he went jogging as usual.
1. cruel 2.thorough 3.furniture 4.application 5.recreation
6.nephew 7.corporate 8.guidance 9.Unfortunately 10.damp
II.单句语法填空
1．We have reduced/have been reducing(reduce) emission of air pollutants in recent years，but cars are
still major source of them.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂2．I have been preparing(prepare) for the coming exams recently，and I feel exhausted physically and
mentally.
3．The district council agreed with the objectors and turned down the application(apply)．
4．It was a neatly furnished(furnish) and immaculately tidy room.
5．I was too excited to fall(fall) asleep last night because my design had been accepted.
6．Prisoners were allowed no personal belongings(belong) except letters and photographs.
7．I was positive that things were going to turn out fine.
8．He has achieved what he set out to do(do) three years ago.
9．Our first assignment(assign) will be to set up a communications system.
10．With faith and perseverance(persevere)，he finally triumphed over all the difficulties.
III.短语填空
1.The morning sun rises in the east,giving off its rays (向四面八方).
答案in all directions
2.I was very (对……热心) the lecture,but his remark on it made me disappointed.
答案enthusiastic about
3.He was grateful for and (对……自豪) his son’s remarkable and unique performance.
答案proud of
4.My friend (尽力) to solve the problem,however difficult it was.
答案tried his best
5. (在他的指导下),I finally managed to solve the problem ahead of schedule.
答案Under his guidance
6.Organized games can teach us how to (团队合作) and get along with others.
答案work as a team
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂7.All of us were shocked to hear the boy talking (用不礼貌的方式).
答案in a rude manner
8.You have to learn to take down the key points (即使) you don’t take them in.
答案even if/though
IV.单元语法专练.
1.I’m sure you will do better in the test because you (study) so hard this year.
答案have been studying
2.Tom (work) in the library every night over the last three months.
答案has been working/has worked
3.—We’ve spent too much money recently.
—Well,it isn’t surprising.Our friend and relatives (come) around all the time.
答案have been coming
4.Mother wanted to be a good provider,a role she (shoulder) since her marriage to Father.
答案has been shouldering
5.—Why,Jack,you look so tired!
—Well,I (paint) the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
答案have been painting
6.Joseph (go) to evening classes since last month,but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in
Russian.
答案has been going
7.—Why do you want to work for our company?
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂—This is the job that I (look) for.
答案have been looking
8.—Where is Peter?I can’t find him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and (write) his essay there ever since.
答案has been writing
9．—John, why are you so upset?
—I ________ (look) for my cellphone all morning but it is nowhere to be found.
答案.have been looking
10．Excuse me, madam. Ellen, a journalist from the Daily Mail, ________ (phone) all day. Could you
speak to her now?
答案.has been phoning
V．补全句子翻译
1.我同意你所说的,我们必须极其谨慎,不要把他们弄混淆了。
I agree with you that we must be very careful them.
答案not to confuse
2.假如没有植物,也就不会有动物,人也就没有肉吃了。
If plants,we would have no animals and no meat.
答案there were no
3.无论遇到什么困难,他都决心保住这份工作。
He has determined to hold on this job he might run into.
答案whatever difficulties
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂4.昨天天气很好,我和朋友去游泳了。
It was yesterday that I went swimming with my friends.
答案such fine weather
5.不论有多困难,他都决心去尝试一下这个实验。
it is,he is determined to have a go at the experiment.
答案No matter how difficult
二、拓展提升
I.阅读理解
A
Born blind is tough in any case. But things were even harder for Srikanth Bolla who was born in a
small village in India, where the common belief was that kids with disabilities were “of no use” and
therefore, better off dead. Fortunately, Srikanth's parents loved their son and refused to give him up.
Instead, they encouraged the blind boy to dream big and reach for the star.
Srikanth did not disappoint his parents. The now twentyfouryearold man is the founder CEO of
Bollant Industries.
Of course, getting here was not easy. Being both blind and poor meant that Srikanth had to face hard
challenges. As a young boy, Srikanth attended a regular school near his home. Unfortunately, the students
and teachers didn't quite like him because of his disability. As a result, the young boy was largely ignored
and often spent the entire day alone.
Concerned this would hold back Srikanth's development, his family decided to send him to a special
school in Hyderabad. Sure enough, the young boy soon rose to the top of his class, earning awards in
speech and debate competitions. But Srikanth was prevented from studying sciences when he reached
10th grade, because it was thought too “dangerous” for a blind student. Not wanting to give up, Srikanth
took legal action and became the first blind student in the country allowed to study sciences.
Later, after graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Srikanth set up Bollant
Industries in 2012. For just four years, it has become a powerhouse with over 450 employees, 70% of
whom are physically challenged.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Being disabled doesn't mean being unable. “If the world looks at me and says,‘Srikanth, you can do
nothing，’ I will look back at the world and say I can do anything，” says the young man.
1．Why was Srikanth sent to a special school?
A．His parents became richer than before.
B．He could be treated equally there.
C．This school was free for disabled students.
D．He was sent away by the regular school.
2．What can we know about Srikanth from the text?
A．He was born in a poor village.
B．He cared about disabled people.
C．His parents were strict with him in his study.
D．He was loved by the villagers when he was young.
3．What words can best describe Srikanth?
A．Intelligent and determined.
B．Active and honest.
C．Patient and careful.
D．Kind but stubborn.
4．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Chances Are Everywhere
B．No Challenges, No Success
C．Big Dream Makes a Difference
D．Disability Doesn't Mean Being Unable
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。印度的 Srikanth Bolla先天性失明，但他的父母并没有放
弃他，而是培养他立志求学，最终他学业有成并创立了自己的公司。
1．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Unfortunately，the students and teachers
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂didn't quite like him...alone.以及第四段第一句Concerned this would...his family decided to send him to a
special school in Hyderabad.可知家人因为担心他在普通学校受到的冷落会影响他，所以决定送他去
特殊学校，故可推测他在特殊学校可以受到平等对待，所以B项正确。
2．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的 70% of whom are physically challenged可知
Srikanth Bolla很关心残疾人，故选择B项。
3．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据 Srikanth 求学的波折经历可知他意志坚定，根据
Srikanth在学业和商业上的成功可知他富有智慧，所以A项正确。
4．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据文章讲述的Srikanth的励志经历和最后一段中的总结全
篇的中心句Being disabled doesn't mean being unable.可知D项是最佳标题。
B
A Kenyan teacher who gave away most of his monthly salary to poor people has won a $1million
Global Teacher Prize.
In 2016，Peter Tabichi came to Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School，a public school，in a
faraway Kenya's Rift Valley. The school had just a single computer and had problems connecting to the
Internet. It had no library or laboratory as well. To make matters worse，the students came from poor
families where basics like food and clothing were hard to come by. While these difficulties would have
caused most people to leave quickly，Tabichi stayed.
Realizing that starving kids make for poor students，the teacher began using as much as 80 percent
of his monthly salary to buy food and learning objects for them. He set up a science club to get kids
interested in the topic. “Our laboratory does not have everything，but I encourage them to think wider and
use what we can get locally. ”
Tabichi and other four teachers regularly visit lowachieving，atrisk，students at their homes to
provide one onone help and to understand the difficulties these children face daily.Tabichi also encourages
parents to allow girls to continue their highschool education.
Tabichi's efforts have made a difference. School registration (注册)has more than doubled to almost
400 now since he came. In 2017，16 of the 59 graduating students went to college，while in 2018，the
number rose to 26. In 2017，five students qualified(有资格)for the Intel ISEF (International Science and
Engineering Fair). This year，two other students will compete in the 2019 Intel ISEF to be held in
Phoenix，Arizona.
The teacher，however，owes his success to his students，saying，“I am only here because of
what my students have achieved. This prize gives them a chance. It tells the world that they can do
anything. ” As would be expected，Tabichi plans to spend the prize money on his school community and
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂to feed the poor.
【语篇解读】 肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完成学业，并致力于非洲科学教育，他
因此荣获2019年“全球教师奖”并获得100万美元的奖金。
5．What is the text mainly about?
A．A school located in a Kenya's Rift Valley became famous.
B．A Kenyan teacher helping poor students won Global Teacher Prize.
C．A Kenyan teacher helped girls to continue their highschool education.
D．Five Kenyan students qualified for the Intel ISEF for their performance.
B [主旨大意题。根据第一段的“A Kenyan teacher who gave away most of his monthly salary to poor people has
won a $1million Global Teacher Prize.”及全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述了肯尼亚教师Peter Tabichi资助贫困学生完
成学业，并致力于非洲科学教育，从而荣获2019年“全球教师奖”的故事。故选B。]
6．What can we know about Keriko Mixed Day Secondary School?
A．It had dozens of teachers.
B．It was in the center of a city.
C．It owned a modern lab.
D．It was in poor condition.
D [推理判断题。根据第二段的“The school had just a single computer and had problems
connecting to the Internet. It had no library or laboratory as well.”可知，学校只有一台电脑，与因特网
的连接也有问题。也没有图书馆或实验室。因此这所学校条件很差。故选D。]
7．Which word can be used to describe Peter Tabichi?
A．Honest. B．Wealthy.
C．Kind. D．Humorous.
C [推理判断题。根据第三段的“...the teacher began using as much as 80 percent of his monthly
salary to buy food and learning objects for them.”可知，他把工资的80%拿出来资助贫困学生，据此可
以判断Peter Tabichi为人善良，乐善好施。故选C。]
8．Which is the closest number of students when Peter Tabichi began teaching there?
A．90. B．190.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．290. D．390.
B [细节理解题。根据第五段的“School registration has more than doubled to almost 400 now
since he came.”可知，目前学校注册人数翻了一番，达到了将近400人，可见当Peter Tabichi初次来
到这所学校时，学生人数约为200人。故选B。]
II.完形填空
A(n) optimistic girl is proving that you can seek your dreams even in a wheelchair.
Since the age of four, Katie Hilton had dreamed of becoming a dancer. “The 1 thing that I
loved was dance. ” She told CNN news. That 2 nearly ended one night in 2007. Hilton, then a 16-
year-old high school senior in St. Maria, Texas, was in a car accident that put her in the hospital for 56
days and left her 3 from the 4 down. For most people, that would have 5 any hope of a
dancing career. For Hilton, it was the 6 . 7 a barrier, her wheelchair 8 her. “I wanted to
9 to my community and myself that I was still 1 0 . ” She told the journalist.
So she 11 dancing in her wheelchair along with her non-disabled classmates every day in her
whole student age. After 12 , she set up a website to include women like her. She met people online
who had suffered similar injuries and shared her determination, and she 1 3 them to dance with her.
Hoping to reach more people in a 14 city, Hilton moved to New York in 2017 and formed a
team of disabled dancers, which is very famous in the US now. “I just want to spread the belief that ’dance
is dance, whether you are walking or 15 ’ ” She was in favor of any activities that were
beneficial to them.
Hilton has achieved what many of us never will: her childhood dream. She is a real dancer.
【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述因遭遇意外而下半身瘫痪的女孩 Katie Hilton身残志坚,
乐观向上, 仍然追求舞蹈梦想, 并用自己的行为影响更多残疾人的励志故事。
1. A. same B. different C. only D. lucky
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 女孩告诉CNN: “舞蹈是我唯一喜欢的事情。”
same相同的; different不同的; only唯一的; lucky幸运的。根据前文的 Since the age of four,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Katie Hilton had dreamed of becoming a dancer. 可知Hilton从4岁起就想成为舞蹈家, 故此处用“舞
蹈是我唯一喜欢的事情”符合语境, 故选C项。
2. A. dream B. habit
C. situation D. recreation
【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 这个梦想几乎在2007年一个晚上终结。dream梦想;
habit习惯; situation状况; recreation消遣; 娱乐。根据前文的Since the age of four, Katie Hilton
had dreamed of becoming a dancer. 可知此处用“梦想”符合语境, 故选A项。
3. A. asleep B. dead
C. paralyzed D. blind
【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这场事故使得她自腰以下瘫痪。asleep睡着的; dead
死的; paralyzed瘫痪的; blind瞎的。根据下文的So she ______dancing in her wheelchair可知她坐
着轮椅跳舞, 故推测她瘫痪了, 故选C项。
4. A. wrist B. toes C. waist D. fingers
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 同上。wrist手腕; toes脚趾; waist腰; fingers手指。
根据下文的So she ______dancing in her wheelchair可知她坐着轮椅跳舞, 故推测她是从腰处往下瘫
痪, 故选C项。
5. A. abandoned B. acquired
C. consisted D. destroyed
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 对大数人来说, 那几乎会摧毁任何一个人的舞蹈生涯
的希望。 abandoned抛弃, 放弃; acquired获得; consisted由……组成; destroyed毁坏。结合
常识, 瘫痪导致不能跳舞, 故此处用“毁坏”符合语境, 故选D项。
6. A. dilemma B. ending C. section D. beginning
【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 对Hilton来说, 这却是一个开始。 dilemma进退两难
的境地; ending结束; section部分; beginning 开始。 结合上下文, 此处是指Hilton开始学着
坐在轮椅里跳舞, 所以这对她来说是开始, 故选D项。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂7. A. Rather than B. More than
C. Other than D. Or rather
【解析】选A。考查固定短语词义辨析。句意: 而不是一个障碍, 轮椅反而激励了她。Rather than
而不是; More than超过, 不仅仅是, 极其, 远非; Other than除了; Or rather更确切地说。根
据下文的So she ______dancing in her wheelchair along with her non-disabled classmates every day可知
她每天在轮椅里和同学练习跳舞, 所以对她来说轮椅不是障碍, 故选A项。
8. A. handled B. squeezed
C. demanded D. inspired
【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 同上。 handled解决; squeezed压榨; demanded要求;
inspired激励。联系句意可知, 前后句为转折关系, 故此处用“激励”符合语境, 故选D项。
9. A. prove B. unite C. motivate D. absorb
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 她对记者说: “我想向公众和我自己证明我仍然是正常
的。” prove证明; unite联合, 团结; motivate激励; absorb吸收, 吸引。结合上下文, 此处
是指尽管瘫痪了但是Hilton还是想证明自己和正常人一样, 他们能做的, 她照样能做到, 故选A
项。
10. A. gifted B. normal C. healthy D. qualified
【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 同上。gifted有天赋的; normal正常的; healthy
健康的; qualified合格的。结合上下文可知, 此处是指尽管她瘫痪了但依然想像正常人那样去跳
舞, 去实现自己的梦想, 可知此处用“我想向公众和自己证明我是正常的”符合语境, 故选B项。
11. A. insisted on B. exposed to
C. left out D. broke down
【解析】选A。考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 在整个学生时代, 她仍然坚持在轮椅上和那些非
残疾的同学一起跳舞。 insisted on坚持; exposed to暴露在; left out遗漏, 省略, 忽视; broke
down崩溃, 垮掉, 瓦解。根据下文的She is a real dancer. 可知她成了真正的舞者, 故推测她学生
时代坚持跳舞, 才会有这样的结果, 故选A项。
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂12. A. school B. class
C. graduation D. work
【解析】选C。考查名词和after的搭配。句意: 毕业后, 她建立了一个网站, 把和她一样的女性
吸引进来。 school学校; class课; graduation毕业; work工作。前文讲述她的学生时代, 按照
逻辑, 推测此处讲述毕业之后的事情, 故选C项。
13. A. invited B. ordered C. admired D. suggested
【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 她在网上遇到和她有相同经历的人, 便和他们分享她
的决心, 甚至邀请他们来和她一起跳舞。invited邀请; ordered 命令; admired 羡慕, 钦佩;
suggested建议。结合句意可知, 句中even表层次的递进, 故此处用“邀请他们来跳舞”符合语境,
故选A项。
14. A. large B. modern
C. convenient D. beautiful
【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 为了在大城市接触到更多的(有类似遭遇的)人, 她搬
去了纽约。large大的; modern现代的; convenient方便的; beautiful美丽的。由Hilton moved to
New York in 2017 可知, 她想去大城市, 因为那儿可能有更多和她遭遇相似的人, 故选A项。
15. A. jumping B. rolling
C. climbing D. running
【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 我只是想传播“舞蹈就是舞蹈, 无论你是行走还是滚
动轮椅”的信念。 jumping跳; rolling滚, 卷; climbing爬; running跑。此处是指滚动轮椅,
故选B项。
III.七选五
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Discover Your Talent
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂Talent tends to refer to that inborn skill that everyone seems to be born with. 1 . It’s good to try
and identify and practice that skill.
Revisit your childhood. A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your
childhood. 2 . This is often the time when you had plans that weren’t limited by what people tend to
think of as “reality”.
Consider what it is that you do when you lose track of time. One of the chief things you can do is
focus on what you love to do so much that you have a tendency to forget everything else for a while. 3
. You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to discover what makes you feel
satisfied.
4 . Sometimes, when you’re having difficulty seeing clearly, it’s good to get an outside opinion.
Your friends and family members know you well and they should be able to offer you some insights into
the areas they think you’re talented in.
Try new things. Especially if you’re not sure what your talents might be, you should get out and try
new things. This way you’re more likely to hit on what it is that you’re really good at and that really makes
you happy. 5 . In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of other people.
A. Consider what you loved to do as a child
B. Ask others for better advice
C. You can use your talents in the service of kindness
D. Focus on the areas that you’re less talented in
E. Not all talents are going to be super obvious
F. Observe and enjoy the talents of other people
G. It’s true that having a talent can help you in life
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了如何发现自己的天赋的几点建议。
1. 【解析】选G。根据本空后的“It’s good to try and identify and practice that skill. ”可知, 尝试、识
别和练习这种技能是很好的, 此处是说拥有天赋的好处, 故G项(的确, 拥有一种天赋在生活中会
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂帮助你)符合语境。
2. 【解析】选A。根据本空前的“A good way to figure out where your talents lie is to go back to your
childhood. ”可知, 要想知道你在哪方面有天赋, 一个好办法就是回到你的童年时代, 此处承接上
文, 故A项(想想你小时候喜欢做什么)符合语境。
3. 【解析】选E。根据本空后的“You might have to research a bit deeper into the things you enjoy to
discover what makes you feel satisfied. ”可知, 你可能需要深入研究你喜欢的事情才能发现什么让你
感到满足, 此处是说有时候才能不是那么容易被发现的, 故E项(并不是所有的天赋都是显而易见
的)符合语境。
4. 【解析】B。根据本空后的“Sometimes, when you’re having difficulty seeing clearly, it’s good to
get an outside opinion. ”可知, 当你看不清楚的时候, 最好听听外界的意见, 本段讲的是要寻求他
人的建议, 故B项(向别人征求更好的建议)符合语境。
5. 【解析】选F。根据本空后的“In your quest for your own talent you should look into the talents of
other people. ”可知, 追求自己的天赋时, 你应该看看别人的天赋, 此处讲的是有关别人的天赋,
故F项(观察并欣赏他人的才能)符合语境。
IV. 写作
假设你叫明华，你的表哥建华在国外学习，你们经常用英文通信。他即将完成学业，不久前来
信就是否回国工作征求你的意见。请给他写一封回信。要点：
1．建议他回国；
2．给出理由(学有所用，报效祖国，照顾父母等)。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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参考范文：
Dear Jianhua，
I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent me two weeks ago.
I’ve been thinking about the question you asked me.In my opinion，you should come back after
finishing your studies abroad.For one thing ，what you are studying is badly needed nowadays in
China.Therefore，it will be quite easy for you to find a good job.For another，I think it will be much more
convenient for you to look after your parents as they are getting old.Therefore，I think it’s a good idea for
you to return.So what are you waiting for?
Yours，
Minghua
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
