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必修 Book 1 Unit 4 Natural Disasters
B 卷·综合能力提升练
(时间：90分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022·云南·昆明一中高一期中）Apps to Help in a Disaster
Disasters almost always arrive unexpectedly. But there are computer apps to help people prepare for disasters.
Some apps warn users when a disaster has taken place.
Siren GPS Mobile
The free Siren GPS Mobile app connects users to emergency (紧急事件) services at the tap of the screen. The
app will let emergency workers know where the person in need is.
The app works over cellphone networks. But it also works on Wi-Fi if cellphone networks are down after an
emergency.
Users can create a personal health report on the app to share with emergency services. This will provide
information about medicines that users take, allergies (过敏反应) they might have and other medical information
important to treatment decisions.
Life360
The Life360 app provides a service to keep the loved ones connected. Users can set up a network of people to
share their location, chat and get informed when they are near someone in their network. People in the same
network can use the app on iPhone and Android devices.
The app helps users communicate when they are in danger. The location sharing function can be suspended
(暂停) when desired.
The Life360 app is free, with some services available for a fee.
Red Panic Button
When a person is in danger, the Red Panic Button app might help. This app can send a text message to chosen
contacts providing the user’s location. You can also add a voice or video message or photo to your text and email.
This app can also be used to contact emergency services.
Red Panic Button is free, but extra features are available for a fee*
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂First Aid by American Red Cross
The free First Aid app by the American Red Cross helps guide users in giving first aid to the injured people.
The app can also help with information to help plan for droughts, floods, storms and more.
Watch videos and take tests within the app. Users can switch the app from English to Spanish.
1．Which is not the feature of the Siren GPS Mobile app?
A．It connects users to emergency services.
B．It is useless if your cellphone network is down.
C．Rescuers can get your health information through it.
D．Rescue workers can know where the injured person is.
2．What can you do if you have the Life360 app?
A．Watch over your loved ones’ movements.
B．Keep connected with those in your network.
C．Share your health information with doctors directly.
D．Get hospital information immediately when in danger.
3．What may be the best choice if you want to get information about disasters in advance?
A．Siren GPS Mobile. B．Life360.
C．Red Panic Button. D．First Aid by American Red Cross.
B
（2022·新疆·乌鲁木齐市十二中高一期中）On the day the tornado hit, there was no indication that severe
weather was on its way—the sky was blue and the sun had been out. The first alert my husband, Jimmy, 67, and I,
65, got came around 9 p. m. , from some scrolling text on the TV Jimmy was watching. He ran upstairs to find me
in our thirdfloor bedroom, and we changed the channel from the presidential primary debate I had been watching to
our local Pensacola, Florida, station.
No sooner had we found coverage of the tornado than it was on top of us. It was the loudest thing I have ever
heard. The bones of the house shook, and the power went out. The wind began to roar through the house, most
likely through blownout windows and the door to our garage. We had three flights of steps to navigate to get to the
relative safety of the first floor, because the cupboard down there is underneath a brick staircase.
I didn’t know how or if we would make it down the steps. It felt as if there were no floor underneath me as the
wind lifted me off my feet. I tried to move forward, but this intense pressure held me in place.
As we reached the last flight of steps, our front door blew out. Pieces of glass that looked like crushed ice flew
everywhere. Suddenly, a threefootlong tree branch crashed into the door frame. It flew over our heads, missing us
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂by inches. Had we been one step up, it would have hit us.
By the time I reached the cupboard, the tornado had been over us for about a minute. Jimmy pushed me down
to the cupboard floor, but he couldn’t get inside himself because of the wind. I held Jimmy’s arm and tried to bring
Jimmy with it. My knees were full of glass, but at that moment, I felt no pain. If I had let go, Jimmy would have
flown right out the back of the house and into the bay.
All of a sudden, Jimmy lifted off his feet like people in tornadoes do in the movies. I thought he was gone.
And then everything stopped. He landed on his feet. In those first quiet moments, I couldn't believe it was over,
Jimmy said he'd go outside to check. “No,” I said. “Don’t leave me. Don’t leave me. ”
Our neighbor said the storm lasted four minutes. In that time, four of the twelve town houses in our unit were
completely destroyed. Of the houses left standing, ours suffered the most damage. Amazingly, none of us were
severely injured.
4．Where did the husband first get the warning information about the tornado?
A．From the weather forecast.
B．From a movie he was watching.
C．From the local broadcast station.
D．From the moving words on a TV programme.
5．What does the underlined word “coverage” mean?
A．Power. B．Description. C．Arrival. D．Delay.
6．Why didn't the wife feel pain?
A．Because she didn't get any hurt when the storm hit.
B．Because she was too scared to feel pain.
C．Because she used all her strength to hold on to her husband.
D．Because she had reached the cupboard and she was safe.
7．What's the author's purpose by writing the passage?
A．To share with us her experience of surviving a tornado.
B．To warn us of the danger caused by tornadoes.
C．To show us how to fight against a tornado.
D．To tell us how to protect us from dangerous tornadoes.
C
（2022·青海西宁·高一期末）A 6.2-magnitude earthquake hit the Northern California coast on Monday,
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂bringing significant shaking but likely slight damage to the less-populated area.
The earthquake occurred just after noon and was centered off the coast about 337 kilometers northwest of San
Francisco, just off a tiny town called Petrolia that’s home to fewer than 1,000 people. The nearest population center,
Eureka, is about 72 kilometers north. That left only about 25,000 people in the range of strong or very strong
shaking, according to the US Geological Survey (USGS), though residents as far away as Sacramento and the San
Francisco Bay Area reported feeling trembling.
The Humboldt County Sheriff’s office of emergency services closed a few roads. The USGs said the
earthquake caused losses about less than $ 10 million and no deaths had been reported. The area last suffered an
earthquake of a similar magnitude in 1993, when one person died.
“The shaking lasted for about 20 seconds. Glass bottles fell off the shelves at the store, breaking into pieces on
the floor, but no one was hurt,” Petrolia General Store manager Jane Dexter said. “It was bigger than anything I’ve
felt in my life, ” she added.
California’s Office of Emergency Services (OES) said 2,500 people were told about the earthquake before
shaking began through the state’s early warning system called My Shake. “It is a very useful tool to announce
warning tips. It saved us indeed. Yet, we still have to remain very careful...as large aftershocks (余震) will occur
along the North Coast over the next few days, ” OES Director Mark Ghilarducci said in a statement.
8．What can we learn about the earthquake on Monday?
A．It occurred on the Northern California coast.
B．It brought significant damage to the area.
C．It caused strong shaking in the whole nation.
D．It destroyed a small town completely.
9．What can we infer from Jane Dexter’s words?
A．The store had to be rebuilt.
B．She never felt such a big earthquake.
C．Some workers got badly injured.
D．No one would go shopping at the store.
10．What is Mark Ghilarducci’s advice for people in California?
A．Unloading the warning system.
B．Keeping staying in shelters.
C．Working from home over the next few days.
D．Watching out for the aftershocks.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂11．Where is this text most likely from?
A．A weather forecast. B．A lab report.
C．A news report. D．A travel guide.
D
（2022·四川广安·高一期末）For decades, climate scientists have named hurricanes and ranked them
according to the damage. “Naming and categorizing (把……归类) heat waves is also a must,” states a newly
formed international union, called the Extreme Heat Resilience Alliance. “Hurricanes get attention because they
cause obvious physical damage,” says Jennifer Marlon, a climate scientist at Yale University. Heat waves, however,
have less evident effects, since the primary damage is to human health.
Heat waves kill more people in the United States than any other weather-related disaster. Data from the
National Weather Service show that from 1986 to 2019, there were 4,257 deaths as a result of heat. By comparison,
there were fewer deaths by floods (2,907), tornadoes (2,203) or hurricanes (1,405) over the same period. What’s
more, climate change is increasing the possibility of high temperature events worldwide, getting tens of thousands
of people dying each year because of heat.
Some populations are particularly easily harmed by high heat, including people over 65 and those with
potential medical conditions. Historical racial discrimination also puts minority communities at higher risk. Due to
housing policies, they are more likely to live in urban areas, heat islands which lack green spaces that help cool
down neighborhoods.
Part of the naming and ranking process will include defining exactly what a heat wave is. No single definition
currently exists. Without a universally accepted definition of a heat wave, “We don’t have a common understanding
of the danger we face,” says Aaron Bernstein, an expert of the new group. “Defined categories for heat waves could
help local officials better prepare to deal with potential health problems in the face of rising temperatures. And
naming and categorizing heat waves could increase public awareness of the health risks caused by these silent
killers.”
The union is having conversations with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the World
Meteorological Organization and other institutions to develop a standard naming and ranking practice.
12．What do we know about the heat wave in America?
A．It causes most serious physical damage.
B．It has got more attention in recent years.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．It kills more people than other natural disasters.
D．It is the biggest killer among weather-related disasters.
13．Why are minority populations easily harmed by heat waves?
A．They live in poorly-built houses. B．They lack good medical resources.
C．They have less access to green spaces. D．They are limited in their movements.
14．What is the author’s attitude towards the expert mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A．Supportive. B．Negative.
C．Conservative (保守的) D．Objective.
15．What does the text intend to tell us about heat waves?
A．They also kill lives like hurricanes. B．They should have names like hurricanes.
C．Climate change is affecting them greatly. D．Measures should be taken to prevent them.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
（2022·辽宁·高一期末）China is one of the countries with the most serious natural disasters in the world.
There are many kinds of disasters, with wide distribution, high frequency and heavy losses. In the background of
global climate change, major natural disasters occur from time to time. ____16____ It makes China face even
much severe and complex situation. In order to rase the awareness of disaster prevention and minimize the losses,
warnings and instructions are give to the public. ____17____ Let’s have a look.
Fire
When a fire breaks out, smoke threatens mostly. ____18____ Roll on the ground if you find your clothes on
fire. It is too dangerous to take the elevator in this situation, so it is better to use a bundle of rope and safely slide
down from the balcony. Jumping off the building blindly will cause serious injuries.
Mud-rock flow
Rainstorm may cause mud-rock flow, an it’s really dangerous to stay downstream. When you try to escape
from it, instead of going along the bottom of the ditch, it is much wiser to climb up the mountain horizontally
quickly. Please escape from ditch when selecting camping field. It’s important to check the weather when going
into the mountain
Flood
____19____ We could use a wooden bed or table to make a raft and tie it to a big tree with a safety. rope. We
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂have to prepare food and warm clothes to get through it.
Lightning strike
On cloudy and rainy days, a lightning strike may happen. ____20____ Of course, you also should stay away
from iron tower poles. We need to pay attention to it even when we stay at home. Close the doors, windows and cut
off the power.
A．Cut off the power and shut off water sources.
B．Please don’t stand under the tree in such kind of weather.
C．Try to find a higher place, but staying on a roof isn’t a good choice.
D．First you need to take shelter, then find a gap under the table or bed.
E．Losses caused by natural disaster in China are continuously increasing.
F．They also play a part in popularize the knowledge and self-rescue skills.
G．In that case, please cover your nose and your mouth with a wet towel.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
（2022·全国·高一）Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home in their helicopter (直升
机）when he received a call for help from a stranger. The caller’s brother and her _____21_____ were trapped on
their roof in Waverly because of the rising floodwater.
The caller _____22_____ Joel Boyers to come to their aid. Boyers looked west towards Waverly at the storm
clouds. Aware of the danger to _____23_____ in such bad weather, though, he _____24_____ put the brother’s
address into his _____25_____. Soon, he and Among were in the air,_____26_____ for what they were about to
see in Waverly.
Upon arriving, he found the water below was _____27_____. People were holding on to anything that didn’t
move—roofs, trees. The flooding also ______28______ cell phone service, meaning Boyers couldn’t use his
phone to locate the _____29_____ he was looking for. He flew on anyway.
As Boyers drove the helicopter, Among began ____30____ people on roofs and bridges—anywhere Boyers
could _____31_____ and get them onboard. A rescued man pointed to a teenager. The teenager held onto a branch
with one hand and the other held a dog she’d saved earlier while both were _____32_____ in the current (水流).
With no place for Boyers to land, he _____33_____ the helicopter until it hovered (盘旋) just above the water
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂line. The rescued man jumped out and swam to the tree, where he helped the teen and the dog to the
_____34_____.
Though the experience was _____35_____, Boyers admitted it was fun.
21．A．neighbour B．wife C．friend D．daughter
22．A．ordered B．attracted C．begged D．challenged
23．A．pack B．fly C．quit D．swim
24．A．immediately B．secretly C．gradually D．creatively
25．A．card B．pocket C．computer D．phone
26．A．unprepared B．intended C．relieved D．recognized
27．A．peaceful B．rapid C．familiar D．clean
28．A．revised B．delivered C．damaged D．registered
29．A．house B．tree C．car D．bridge
30．A．debating with B．adapting to C．commenting on D．searching for
31．A．land B．rise C．jump D．look
32．A．training B．exploring C．experimenting D．struggling
33．A．reserved B．lowered C．followed D．designed
34．A．home B．school C．helicopter D．truck
35．A．plain B．awkward C．adventurous D．formal
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2022·四川·遂宁中学高一阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确
形式。
About 400 earthquakes occur every day, more than a hundred thousand a year. There have been many
____36____ (terrible) destructive earthquakes. The most serious of these ____37____ (occur) in Hua County,
Shaanxi Province in 1556, ____38____ affected an area of 800 square kilometers in eight provinces. ____39____
total, 830, 000 people lost their lives. Another example is the 1906 California Earthquake, the worst earthquake that
has ever happened in the United States. It lasted only a minute. ____40____, it caused the worst natural disaster in
the nation’s history. Fires ____41____ (cause) by the earthquake burned for three days, ____42____ (destroy) a
total of 25,000 buildings. About 500 people ____43____ (kill) in the city of San Francisco and 250,000 were
made ____44____ (home). In the whole of California, the earthquake and fires caused about 3,000 ____45____
(die).
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
（2022·江苏·泗阳县实验高级中学高一阶段练习）假定你是李华，得知你的美国网友Bill的家乡发生山火，
房屋被烧毁，他现在住在临时避难所。请你写一封邮件慰问他，内容要点如下：
1.询问受灾情况，表示关心；
2.鼓励他振作起来，重建家园。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：山火 mountain fire
Dear Bill,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 概要写作(满分25分)
（2022·全国·高一）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
For thousands of years, people have tried to control water by building dams. Dams allow people to collect and
store water for use at home, in industry, and in agriculture. For example, when people build a dam on a river, a
reservoir(水库) collects water that can be channelled for human needs. In addition, the ability of dams to control
water flow helps prevent floods. Dams can also be used to make electricity.
As the human population grows, the need for water and electricity increases. So many new dams have been
built in the past 50 years. Today, nearly half of the rivers in the world have at least one large dam. If managed well,
dams can be a great benefit to people. Some dams, however, may do more harm than good.
All dams cause changes in river ecosystem that has an impact on surrounding land and people. As river water
collects behind a large dam, it may back up and form a large lake, flooding land and killing plants and animals.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂People living on land upstream of a dam may be forced to abandon their homes. Below the dam, water flow
decreases. This changes the downstream ecosystem. Plants and animals may not have enough water. Some types of
fish may be unable to move upstream to reproduce. Rare species of plants and animals may become endangered.
Farmers living downstream from the dam may not be able to grow crops. People who fish for a living may have to
find other work.
An independent organization called World Commission on Dams worked during the late 1990s to suggest
ways of reducing problems caused by some large dams. The commission recommended that the research, the group
decision-making, and the creation of a plan all take place before the start of construction of a large dam. For a plan
to be successful, it would need to demonstrate that the dam would contribute to the long-term improvement of
human life. The likely impact of the dam on local people and the environment would be assessed and considered in
the decision-making process.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______
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