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专题 06 语法填空
一、有提示词类：设置7个小题
1～2题：考查时态、语态及主谓一致，其中涉及语态方面的不超过 1
谓语动词
题，答案最多三个单词。
非谓语动词 1～3题：考查不定式、动名词与分词，每种最多设1题。
高频考点 1～3题：考查方式有动词派生为名词、名词派生为形容词或动词、形容
派生词
词派生为副词等。每种最多设1题。
名词 0～1题：主要考查可数名词的复数，也可能会考查名词的所有格。
形容词和副词类 0～1题：主要考查形容词和副词词性的转换，以及其比较级或最高级。
代词：0～1题。一般给出人称代词的主格，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物主代词、
低频考点
反身代词等。
二、无提示词类：设置3个小题
0～1题：重点考查常见介词的基本用法或固定搭配中的介词，一般不涉及短语介
介词
高 词。
频 0～1题：重点考查冠词的特指、泛指用法或固定搭配中的冠词，一般不涉及零冠
冠词
考 词。
点 0～2题：侧重于定语从句的引导词。此外，名词性从句、状语从句的引导词也偶有
从属关联词
涉及。
低 并列连词 0～1题：并列句的关联词也偶有涉及。
频 0～1题：包括助动词(如强调谓语动词的 do，does，did；构成部分倒装的 do，does，
考 其他 did；构成一般疑问句的do，does，did)，构成强调结构的it或that，连接性副词(before，
点 ago，however，anyway...)等。
一、如何应对提示词为动词题
【思维流程】
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【典例】
1.This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers (carry) special significance.
【答案】carries
【解析】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。why引导表语从句，从句中主语为动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用
第三人称单数形式，由整篇文章语境可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填carries。
2.The next morning he hired a boat and set out (find) the well-known painter.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示
出发去做某事应用短语set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。
二、如何应对提示词为其他词题
【思维流程】
【典例】
1. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present
their (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
【答案】finest
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请
来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”，
此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。
2.Later，they learned to work with the (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas, making use of
annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
【答案】seasons
【解析】考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年
的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。
3. Historical (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
【答案】accuracy
【解析】句意:历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处作主语，位于形容词historical之后，应使用名
词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。
三、如何应对纯空格题
【思维流程】
【典例】
1.I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have
made_(make) over the years. I work not because I have to, _____ because I want to.”
【答案】but
【解析】根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此
处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是……而是 ……”之意，故填but。
2.This aging of the population is driven two factors.
【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。句意：人口老龄化是由两个因素造成的。表示“由；被”应用介词by。故填by。
真题感知
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司基础题
一
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示
词的空格限填一词。
Students at a university in Anhui Province will probably not receive their diplomas (毕业文凭) if they fail a
fitness test. The test has running, standing long jump and some other sports ___1___ (activity). This rule has caused
hot discussion. According to the plan, the new rule ___2___ (come) into force soon. And if students fail to pass the
fitness tests, they won’t get their diplomas.
However, it is not a one-time test like gaokao. Students who fail the tests ___3___ graduation will be given
another chance. He can take the test for a ___4___ (two) time. And if they fail again, they will have to take the test
even after graduation.
Do you think it is ___5___ only university doing so? No! If students want to enter Tsinghua University, they
also have to be able to swim. Or they will prepare to learn swimming. And they must pass a swimming test after
school begins.
Tsinghua University will ask the students ___6___ (learn) swimming and will organize a swimming test for all
new students in September. If students fail to swim as long as at least 50 metres, they will have to take the
swimming course throughout their studies. And of course, students are also reminded to learn and practise
swimming ___7___ (safe). They will be able to swim by the time they graduate, ___8___ the university won’t give
them diplomas.
University students ___9___ (encourage) to do more exercise after class. But some just stay in the classroom
all day long. Few students take exercise even if they are free. They need to do some exercise to keep ___10___
(they) healthy. Swimming is also a survival skill. It does no harm to people at all and is the correct sport for
students. Any student who wants to enter Tsinghua University, remember, swimming is your necessary skill.
【答案】1. activities 2. will come 3. of 4. second 5. the 6. to learn
7. safely 8. or 9. are encouraged 10. themselves
【解析】本文介绍安徽的一所大学将对学生进行体育测试的规定，如果学生测试不及格，将无法获得毕业
证。
1.句意：考试有跑步、立定跳远等体育活动。some other修饰可数名词复数，故填activities。
2.句意：按照计划，新规定将很快生效。根据“soon”可知，此处使用一般将来时，故填will come。
3.句意：没有通过毕业考试的学生将会得到另一次机会。根据“Students who fail the tests...graduation will be
given another chance.”可知，此处表示毕业测试，所属关系用of，故填of。
4.句意：他可以参加第二次考试。此处作定语修饰time，用序数词形式，故填second。
5.句意：你认为这是唯一一所这样做的大学吗？the only“唯一的”，故填the。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司6.句意：清华大学将要求学生学习游泳，并将于9月份为所有新生组织一次游泳测试。ask sb to do sth“要求
某人做某事”，故填to learn。
7.句意：当然，学生们也被提醒要安全地学习和练习游泳。此处在句中修饰动词，用副词形式，故填
safely。
8.句意：他们毕业的时候会游泳，否则大学不会给他们颁发文凭。根据“They will be able to swim by the
time they graduate, ...the university won’t give them diplomas.”可知，必须学会游泳，否则学校不给毕业证，
or“否则”符合语境，故填or。
9.句意：鼓励大学生在课后多做运动。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时
的被动语态。故填are encouraged。
10.句意：他们需要做一些运动来保持健康。本句主语是They，所以是保持“他们自己”的健康，用反身
代词形式，故填themselves。
二
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题纸的
相应位置。
Traffic School
Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven
____1____ (fast) than the speed limit (限制)? The answers are probably “yes”. Every year ____2____ (thousand)
of drivers become “offenders”-they break the rules of the road. But ____3____ are the punishments for this
offence?
In most countries drivers have to pay a fine (罚款), ____4____ (usual) $100—$300. But in the USA, Australia
and some ____5____ (Europe) countries offenders also get points on their driving license. After they get
____6____ certain number of points, they can’t drive.
Life is difficult when you can’t drive. So far some states in the USA ____7____ (introduce) a new way to
avoid this-Traffic School. Offenders have a choice: They can get points on their license ____8____ they can do a
course at Traffic School.
Traffic Schools run “driver improvement courses”. They cost about $100 and take from four ____9____
twelve hours. Most people do the course in a classroom, but in some states drivers can do the course online. Drivers
learn the rules of the road and they learn how ____10____ (be) better drivers. They don’t have to take a driving
test, but at the end of the course they have to pass a written examination.
【答案】1. faster 2. thousands 3. what 4. usually 5. European 6. a 7. have introduced
8. if 9. to 10. to be
【解析】本文主要介绍了人们在不同国家违反交通规则的处理方法。
1.句意：你是否曾把车停错地方或超速驾驶？根据“than”可知空处需用比较级。故填faster。
2.句意：每年都有成千上万的司机成为“违规者”——他们违反交通规则。空前无具体数字，需用
thousands of“数以千计的”表示泛指。故填thousands。
3.句意：但是这种罪行的惩罚是什么呢？根据“are the punishments for this offence?”可知是询问处罚是什
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司么。what表示“什么”。故填what。
4.句意：在大多数国家，司机必须支付罚款，通常是100到300美元。修饰动词，需用副词形式usually表
示“通常”。故填usually。
5.句意：但在美国、澳大利亚和一些欧洲国家，违规者的驾驶执照也会被扣分。修饰名词“countries”，需
用形容词作定语。European“欧洲的”。故填European。
6.句意：在他们得到一定数量的分数之后，他们就不能开车了。a certain number of表示“一定数量
的……”。故填a。
7.句意：到目前为止，美国的一些州已经推出了一种新的方法来避免这种情况——交通学校。根据“So
far”可知本句需用现在完成时(have/has done)，主语是复数，助动词用have。故填have introduced。
8.句意：违法者有一个选择：如果他们能在交通学校学习课程，他们可以在驾照上获得分数。分析句子可
知，前句是后句是肯定条件，需用if表示“如果”。故填if。
9.句意：它们花费大约100美元，需要4到12个小时。from...to...表示“从……到……”，固定短语。故填
to。
10.句意：司机学习道路规则，他们学习如何成为更好的司机。how to do sth表示“如何做某事”。故填to
be。
三
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Surrounded(环绕) by mountains and snow, Chinese pianist Lang Lang played “Loving Dream”, “Jasmine
Flower” and “Goldberg Variations” at the highest railway station in central Switzerland. The show was
___1___(warm) welcomed by the audience. What he did helped ___2___ the cultural exchanges between China
and Europe by means of music.
Lang Lang is one of the leading ___3___ (musician) in the classical music world. Though he put on thousands
of shows worldwide, this was his first time to play ___4___ piano at the top of a snowy mountain. The low
temperature. ___5___ (make) it quite challenging for him. However, playing in a “fairytale-like” environment was
a very special experience, according to Lang Lang,
“The piece ‘Jasmine Flower’ ___6___ (choose) specially for this show,”Lang Lang said,”I played this
beautiful piece from my own culture, hoping ___7___(draw) the audience’s interest in learning more about China
through the beauty of Chinese music.”
Before Lang Lang played the ___8___(three) piece, his fingers became a little cold, ___9___ he showed no
fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.”I hope we will do more cultural exchanges in the future so as to understand
each other better and build a ____10____(close) relationship between the two countries than before,” added Lang
Lang.
【答案】1. warmly 2. with 3. musicians 4. the 5. made 6. was chosen
7. to draw 8. third 9. but##yet 10. closer
【解析】本文主要讲述了朗朗为中欧之间的文化交流进行了表演。
1.句意：演出受到观众的热烈欢迎。根据“welcomed”可知，副词修饰动词，warmly符合句意，故填
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司warmly。
2.句意：他所做的一切都有助于通过音乐促进中欧之间的文化交流。根据“helped”可知，help with sth“在
某方面帮助……”，故填with。
3.句意：郎朗是古典音乐界主要音乐家之一。根据“one of”可知，需要名词复数，故填musicians。
4.句意：虽然他在世界各地举办了数千场演出，但这是他第一次在雪山之巅弹钢琴。play the piano“弹钢
琴”，故填the。
5.句意：低温对他来说很有挑战性。根据“However, playing in a “fairytale-like” environment was a very
special experience, according to Lang Lang,”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，made符合句意，故填made。
6.句意：《茉莉花》是专门为这次展览挑选的。根据“The piece”可知，与谓语动词choose是被动关系，因
此是含有一般过去时的被动语态，was chosen符合句意，故填was chosen。
7.句意：我演奏了这首来自我自己文化的优美曲子，希望通过中国音乐的美来吸引听众更多地了解中国。
hope to do“希望做某事”，故填to draw。
8.句意：在朗朗演奏第三首之前，他的手指有点冷，但他并不害怕大雪和稀薄的空气。根据“piece”和全文
内容可知，弹奏第三首曲子，需要序数词，故填third。
9.句意：在朗朗演奏第三首之前，他的手指有点冷，但他并不害怕大雪和稀薄的空气。根据“he showed no
fear of the heavy snow and the thin air.”可知，与前文构成转折，but/yet符合句意，故填but/yet。
10.句意：我希望我们今后能进行更多的文化交流，以便更好地相互了解，使两国关系比以前更加密切。根
据“than before”可知，需要比较级，closer符合句意，故填closer。
四
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last March I lost my camera while I was on a school trip. I left it on the bus on the way back to ____1____
(we) school. I called the bus company the next day ____2____ (check) if they could find it, but it wasn’t there. My
parents got really angry and told me they couldn’t buy me a new one.
I ____3____ (know) they were right, so I decided I would get one by myself. I started thinking of ways to
make and save money. My parents ____4____ (usual) give me £8 every week, so the first thing I did was to keep
the money ____5____ the small box on the bookcase.
I also offered to help my uncle Alan. He’s often away for work, but he can’t ____6____ (take) his dog with
him. I started to look after his dog when he wasn’t at home. After some time, my uncle’s neighbors saw me. They
asked me if I could help with their cats, dogs and rabbits, too. So, I started working for three ____7____ (family)
living across the street.
In less than three months I had enough money to buy a new camera. It was the same as the one I had lost, but
to me it was much ____8____ (nice). I paid for it with ____9____ money I made and it felt very different. This
experience teaches me what it means to work hard and I ____10____ (learn) that you must be careful with the
things you have, because they take a lot of hard work.
【答案】1. our 2. to check 3. knew 4. usually 5. in 6. take 7. families
8. nicer 9. the 10. have learned##have learnt##learn
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己赚钱购买新相机的经历。
1.句意：我把它落在回学校的公交车上了。此处作定语修饰“school”，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填
our。
2.句意：第二天，我打电话给公共汽车公司，问他们是否能找到它，但它不在那里。此处在句中表示目
的，用动词不定式形式，故填to check。
3.句意：我知道他们是对的，所以我决定自己买一个。本句时态是一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填
knew。
4.句意：我的父母通常每周给我8英镑，所以我做的第一件事就是把钱放在书架上的小盒子里。此处在句
中修饰动词，用副词usually，故填usually。
5.句意：我的父母通常每周给我8英镑，所以我做的第一件事就是把钱放在书架上的小盒子里。in the
box“在盒子里”，故填in。
6.句意：他经常出差，但他不能带着他的狗。情态动词“can’t”后用动词原形，故填take。
7.句意：于是，我开始为住在街对面的三户人家打工。three修饰可数名词复数，故填families。
8.句意：它和我失去的那个一模一样，但对我来说要好得多。much修饰比较级，强调比较含义，故填
nicer。
9.句意：我用自己赚的钱买了它，感觉很不一样。此处特指自己赚的钱，故填the。
10.句意：这段经历教会了我努力工作的意义，我学会了你必须小心对待你拥有的东西，因为它们需要付出
很多努力。根据“This experience teaches me what it means to work hard and I...that you must be careful with the
things you have”可知，本句可用现在完成时强调动作已经发生，或用一般现在时强调现在，主语是I，助动
词是have，动词用原形。故填have learned/have learnt/learn。
提高题
一
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When you step into a new environment, fitting in means 1 (make) more friends and getting more chances
to live a happier life. Here 2 (be) some advice that can help you.
Firstly, confidence plays 3 important part and attracts most people. You're expected 4 (spend) some
time thinking about your strengths. Doing so, you will be able to build up confidence step by step. Secondly, being
kind is the path 5 your own happiness. Always give more than you receive, and remember a person 6
cares about others is popular everywhere. Thirdly, be active in various group 7 (activity), which can help you
add more friends to your circle and see how much they like you. Last but not least, a 8 (friend) smile costs
the least and does the most.
If you follow 9 is mentioned above, you 1 0 (accept) by people around you.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要针对如何适应新环境、交到更多朋友并更加快乐地生活提出了一些建
议。
1.making 考查动名词。 mean doing sth.为固定搭配,意为“意味着做某事”。故填making。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2.is 考查主谓一致和时态。 Here be为固定句型,谓语动词采用“就近原则”,因advice为不可数名词,且文
章以一般现在时为主,故填is。
3.an 考查冠词。play a/an...part 为固定搭配,意为“起……作用”。又因important以元音音素开头,故填
an。
4.to spend 考查不定式。 be expected to do sth.意为“被期待做某事”。故填to spend。
5.to 考查介词。the path to...意为“通往……的道路”,故填介词to。
6.who/that 考查定语从句。句意:给予总要多于接受,并记住一个关心他人的人在哪儿都是受欢迎的。设空
处前面为名词,后面为谓语动词,故设空处引导定语从句。a person为先行词,从句缺少主语,指人,故填who或
that。
7.activities 考查名词复数。group activity表示“群体活动”,activity表示“活动”时为可数名词,由various
可知应填复数名词activities。
8.friendly 考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词smile,表示“友好的微笑”,故填形容词friendly。
9.what 考查宾语从句。设空处前面为动词follow,后面为动词is,故此处引导宾语从句,且从句缺主语,表示
“上面所提到的内容”,故填what。
10.will be accepted 考查时态和语态。 该句含if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,且主句表示被
接受,故用一般将来时的被动语态,故填will be accepted。
二
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you crazy about traveling? Do you have the dream of 1 (go) around the world? Have you ever failed
to start your journey for the reason of time and money? Come on! Forget all your confusion and give yourself 2
opportunity to realize your dream! Let's travel between the lines, 3 will surely touch your soul!
We will guide you in seeking for the happy destinations in the world which are seldom known to others.
Though alone, you can enjoy your travel in 4 (silent) while thinking quietly. Being interested 5 the life
and scenery of another country, so far the author 6 (travel) around the world and appreciated the unique beauty
of those 7 (country) with his own mind, from Japan to Nepal, from India to East Timor, from Cuba to
Venezuela.
Following us, you will be 8 (amaze) at the wonderful scenery! After having made many journeys, your
dream of traveling around the world will surely come true. Most 9 (important), you should never miss any
opportunity 1 0 (realize) your dream.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了一种特殊的旅游方式——通过阅读的方式周游世界,实现你的旅
行之梦。
1.going 考查非谓语动词。句意:你有环游世界的梦想吗?空前的of为介词,后跟动名词作宾语。
2.an 考查冠词。opportunity为可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且opportunity的发音以元音音素开
头,应用an。
3.which 考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰上文整个主句,且从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词
which。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司4.silence 考查名词。句意:即使是一个人,你也可以一边静静地思考,一边安静地享受你的旅行。in silence表
示“安静地”。
5.in 考查介词。句意:由于对另一个国家的生活和风景感兴趣,到目前为止,作者游历了世界各地,从日本到
尼泊尔,从印度到东帝汶,从古巴到委内瑞拉,用自己的心灵欣赏了那些国家的独特的美。表示“对……感兴
趣”的短语为be interested in。
6.has travel(l)ed 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据so far(到目前为止)可知应用现在完成时,主语the
author(第三人称单数)与travel之间为主动关系,故用主动语态,谓语动词用单数形式。
7.countries 考查名词复数。country为可数名词,由those修饰,应用复数形式。
8.amazed 考查形容词。句意:跟着我们走,你会对美景惊叹不已!表示“对……感到惊奇”应用be amazed
at...。
9.importantly 考查副词。most importantly表示“最重要的是”,在句中作状语。
10.to realize 考查非谓语动词。句意:最重要的是,你永远不要错过任何实现梦想的机会。分析句子结构可
知句中已有谓语,realize在句中应用非谓语动词形式,本句中应用不定式作后置定语修饰名词opportunity。
三
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We all know the Olympic Games. 1 do you know the Mud Olympic Games which are sports games in the
mud?
Every year, about 400 people from all over Europe meet in a small town in northern Germany 2 (take) part
in the Mud Olympics—the 3 (muddy) sports meeting in the world. It is held 4 the beach when the tide(潮
水) is out, so it is very muddy. The sports meeting 5 (have) many traditional sports like football, volleyball and
bicycle races, as well as some special and new activities 6 (do) in the mud. It raises money for a local charity.
The ads for the sports meeting are 7 (extreme) interesting. One of the 8 (advertisement) says, “If you
want to play, just put on the clothes that you don't mind 9 (get) covered in mud and join us!” Viewers are more
than welcome. So if you don't care about the mud 1 0 can get you dirty, come and enjoy yourself!
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了在德国北部小镇举办的泥巴奥运会。这个奥运会每年都会吸引大约
400个来自欧洲各地的人参加。泥巴奥运会不仅有传统项目,还有一些在泥里开展的特殊的新活动。
1.But 考查连词。该句与上一句在意思上是转折关系,且位于句首,故填But。句意:但是你知道泥巴中的体
育比赛——泥巴奥运会吗?
2.to take 考查不定式。该句中已有谓语动词,此处应填非谓语动词,此处表示每年约有400个来自欧洲各地
的人为了参加泥巴奥运会而在德国北部的一个小镇上集合,表示目的,故填不定式to take。
3.muddiest 考查形容词最高级。根据表示范围的短语 in the world和空前的定冠词可知,此处填形容词的最
高级形式。故填muddiest。
4.on 考查介词。on the beach为固定搭配,意为“在沙滩上”。
5.has 考查时态和主谓一致。此处介绍一般事实,应用一般现在时,句子主语是The sports meeting,是第三人
称单数。故填has。句意:这个运动会有许多传统运动,如足球、排球、自行车比赛,还有一些在泥里开展的特
殊的新活动。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司6.done 考查过去分词。该句中已有谓语,故此处应填非谓语动词,do与前面的名词activities在逻辑上是被动
关系,故填过去分词done作后置定语。
7.extremely 考查副词。修饰形容词interesting应该用副词,故填extremely。
8.advertisements 考查名词复数。one of后面接可数名词的复数形式。故填advertisements。
9.getting 考查动名词。that引导定语从句,代替前面的先行词clothes在从句中作mind的宾语。将先行词代
入定语从句为you don't mind the clothes (get) covered in mud。mind sb./sth. doing sth.为固定搭配,意为
“介意某人/某物做某事”。故填getting。
10.that/which 考查定语从句。句意:所以,如果你不在乎会把你弄脏的泥巴,那就来享受一下吧!设空处无提
示词,设空处前面是the mud,“ can get you dirty”中缺少主语,结合句意可知把“你”弄脏的是前面提到
的泥巴(the mud),故推断设空处引导的是定语从句,先行词为the mud,指物,故填that或which。
四
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Formed in 2001, the China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR)brings help and hope to those 1
lives are changed by natural disasters.
The team carried out its first international rescue mission in 2003. It was the first time that a Chinese team
2 (work)outside China, and the team won high praise 3 their bravery and skills. The list of people to whom
help has been given ever since is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who were injured in the 2006
earthquake in Indonesia, and spent several months 4 (give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in
Pakistan.
Rescue workers 5 (train)to find people, treat the injured, and hand out food, water, and other 6
(supply). There is 7 (usual)no electricity or water after a disaster and diseases and accidents may appear. 8
(save)lives, rescue workers have to work day and night, and sadly they must also bury 9 dead, which means
they have to be strong in both the body and the mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. Of course, they'll
have to take 1 0 (effect)measures. The members of the CISAR are always ready to go wherever help is needed.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了成立于2001年的中国国际救援队给那些遭受自然灾害的人带来
了帮助和希望。
1.whose 考查定语从句。 设空处无提示词,前面为代词,设空处后的lives(生活)前缺定语,故推测设空处引导
定语从句,修饰先行词those,表示所属关系,所以用关系代词whose。句意:成立于2001年的中国国际救援队
给那些生活因自然灾害而改变的人带来了帮助和希望。
2.had worked 考查动词的时态。It was the first time that sb./sth. had done...意为“这是某人/某物第一次
做……”,故填had worked。
易错归因 本题需要注意的一个知识点:It is the first time+that 从句,从句用现在完成时态;It was the first
time+that从句,从句用过去完成时态。注意此句中的was,不要错填成has worked。
3.for 考查介词。 句意:这是中国团队第一次在国外工作,该团队因其勇敢和技术赢得了高度赞扬。for意为
“因为,由于”,符合句意。故填for。
4.giving 考查动名词。此处为固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。故填giving。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司5.are trained/train 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:救援人员接受寻找人员,治疗伤者,分发食物、
水和其他补给品的训练。结合语境及下文可知,此处属于客观阐述,应用一般现在时。train既是及物动词又
是不及物动词,train作及物动词时,Rescue workers与train之间为被动关系,应用被动语态,train作不及物动词
时没有被动动态,且Rescue workers为复数。故填are trained或train。
6.supplies 考查名词复数。这里指“食物、水和其他补给品”,supply表示“补给品”时常用复数形式。故
填supplies。
7.usually 考查副词。设空处所在句是一个完整的句子,提示词为形容词,所以用副词作状语,修饰整个句子。
故填usually。句意:灾难过后通常没有电,也没有水,并且可能会出现疾病和事故。
8.To save 考查不定式。句意:为了拯救生命,救援人员必须夜以继日地工作,不幸的是,他们还必须埋葬死者,
这意味着他们必须身心强健。设空处置于句首,结合语境可知用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To save。
9.the 考查冠词。设空处后为形容词,故设空处和形容词dead一起作宾语。“定冠词+形容词”表示一类
人,the dead表示“死者”,故填the。
10.effective 考查形容词。设空处前后为固定搭配take measures,所以设空处用effect的形容词effective作定
语修饰measures,意为“有效的”。故填effective。
五
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When two cultures come together, the words of 1 (they) languages compete for survival. This took place
early on in the history of English, following the Danish invasion(入侵) of Britain. The Danes spoke a language
known 2 Old Norse, and this had many words 3 had a related form in Old English. What would people
end up 4 (say)? Would the Danish settlers use the Old English words? Or would the Anglo⁃Saxons use the
Old Norse ones?
5 (actual), the Old English and Old Norse words both survived, because people gave them 6
(difference) meanings. This is what happened to skirt and shirt.
Shirt is found sometimes in late Old English (spelled scyrte), with the meaning of a short garment(衣服) worn
by both men 7 women. Skirt, from Old Norse, is known from the 1300s, and seems to have been used mainly
for a woman's garment—the lower part of a dress. But the word can also 8 (use) for the lower part of a man's
robe or coat.
During the Middle English period, shirt 9 (become) increasingly used only for a man's garment, and skirt
for a woman's. Today, women's clothes include shirts, and skirts are normal wear for men in many 10
(country). Clothing such as the T⁃shirt is gender⁃neutral(不分性别的).
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要讲的是当两种文化融合在一起时,它们语言中的词语就会出现为生
存而竞争的现象。
1.their 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:当两种文化融合在一起时,它们语言中的词语就会为生存而竞争。结
合句意及空后的languages可知应填形容词性物主代词their,作定语。故填their。
2.as 考查介词。句意:丹麦人说一种被称为古代冰岛语的语言,其中有许多单词在古英语中有相关的形式。
(be) known as...意为“被称为……”。故填as。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3.which/that 考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,设空处前面是“many words”,“ 3 8 had a related form in Old
English”中缺少主语,由语境可知缺少的主语为many words,故推测设空处引导定语从句,先行词为many
words,指物,故填which或that。
4.saying 考查现在分词。end up doing sth.意为“以做某事而告终”。故填saying。
5.Actually 考查副词。句意:实际上,古英语和古代冰岛语的单词都保存了下来,因为人们赋予了它们不同的
含义。设空处作状语修饰整个句子,应用副词,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Actually。
6.different 考查形容词。设空处修饰其后的meanings,应用形容词作定语。故填different。
7.and 考查连词。由空前的both可知应填and,both...and...意为“……和……都……”。故填and。
8.be used 考查动词的语态。句意:但是这个词也可以用来指男人的长袍或外套的下半部分。主语the word
与动词use之间为被动关系,由空前的can可知应填be used。
9.became 考查动词的时态。由时间状语 During the Middle English period 可知应用一般过去时。故填
became。
10.countries 考查名词复数。由空前的many可知应填可数名词的复数形式。故填countries。
六
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___
(cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving
biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for
future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and
homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection
for all the species ____1-____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the
ecosystem in the area.
【答案】1. Covering 2. the 3. were 4. to increase 5. is designed 6. and 7. populations
8. eventually 9. as 10. that
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。
1.Covering【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批
国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在
分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。
2.the【解析】考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
3.were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许
多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限
制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously
(之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填
were。
4.to increase【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许
多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓
语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。
5.is designed【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完
整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中
作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般
现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
6.and【解析】考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样
性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用
and。故填and。
7.populations【解析】考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终
达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词
population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。
8.as【解析】考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想
的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。
故填eventually。
9.as【解析】考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来
保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。
10.that【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有
力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系
词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填
that。
七
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the ___1___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors
say he'll be OK.
___2___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___3___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and
climbed up ___4___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___5___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He
hung on for a few minutes ___6___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___7___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
He quickly ___8___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___9___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___10___ to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
【答案】1. falling 2. The 3. asleep 4. to see 5. accidentally 6. and 7. was fixing
8. threw 9. son's 10. how
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的
小孩Eric的故事。
1.falling考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过
了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动
词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故
应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。
2.The考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与
Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句
首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
3.asleep考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词
作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，
asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
4.to see考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把
椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他
要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。
5.accidentally考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，
设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为
accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
6.and考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设
空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。
7.was fixing考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。
根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事
实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
8.threw考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的
and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填
threw。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司9.son’s考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故
应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
10.how考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to
do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司
