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2012 年天津市高考英语试卷解析版
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题，每小题
1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
1．（1分）﹣﹣﹣Can I have a day off tomorrow，Mr．Johnson？
﹣﹣﹣__________．I can manage without you．（ ）
A．Forget it B．I'm afraid not
C．It depends D．Of course
【考点】JI：语言交际．
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【分析】句意：﹣﹣约翰逊先生，明天我可以请一天的假吗？
﹣﹣当然可以，没有你我能应付．
【解答】答案D．A项"休想；算了吧"；B项"我恐怕不行"；C项"视情况而定"；D项"
当然"；根据答语中"I can manage without you"可知，明天没有你我能应付，说明是同意
对方请假．因此D项符合语境，故选D．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑
关系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键
平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．
2．（1分）The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn't read them until three
later．（ ）
A．were put B．was put C．put D．has put
【考点】F4：一般过去时的被动语态．
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【分析】句意：给老板的那些信（被）放在他的办公桌上，但他直到三天后才读．
【解答】答案A 此处The letters 和put之间是被动关系．由but he didn't read可知，应
该用过去式，即：一般过去时的被动语态．
故选：A．
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态．主要看句子的主语和动词之间是主动还是被动关
系，然后再根据时间状语确定时态．
3．（1分）You were working too hard．You'd better keep a ________between work and
relaxation．（ ）A．promise B．lead C．balance D．diary
【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．
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【分析】句意：你工作太卖力了．你最好在工作和休息之间保持平衡．
【解答】答案C A项"许诺，承诺"； B项"领导，榜样"；C项"平衡"；D项"日记"．由
句意可知"是在工作和休息之间保持平衡"．故选C项．
【点评】考查名词词义辨析．要掌握每一个名词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的名
词即可．
4．（1分）The dog may be a good companion for the old．_______，the need to take it for
walks may be a disadvantage．（ ）
A．Besides． B．However C．Therefore D．Instead．
【考点】91：并列连词．
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【分析】句意：狗对老年人来说可能是好伙伴．然而，遛狗可能会很不方便．
【解答】答案：B A项"除…之外"；B项"然而"；C项"因此"；D项"相反的"．前一句
有good，后一句又有disadvantage．前后意思转折，应该用转折连词．故选B项．
【点评】考查连词．主要要弄清每一个连词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的连词即
可．
5．（1分）﹣﹣﹣You have to believe in yourself．No one else will，if you don't．
﹣﹣﹣__________．Confidence is really important．（ ）
A．It's not my cup of tea
B．That's not the point
C．I don't think so
D．I couldn't agree more
【考点】JI：语言交际．
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【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣你必须要相信你自己．如果你不相信你自己，就没有人能相信
（你）．
﹣﹣﹣我非常赞同．信心真的很重要．
【解答】答案D．A项"那不是我感兴趣的"；B项"那不是问题的关键"；C项"我不这么
认为"；D项"我完全赞同"；根据答语中"Confidence is really important"可知，相信自己
（对自己有信心）是很重要的，与上句中所表达的观点"You have to believe in yourself"
是一致的．也就是说完全赞同对方所表达的观点．因此D项符合语境，故选D．【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑
关系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键
平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．
6．（1分）Only after Mary read her composition the second time_________ the spelling
mistake．（ ）
A．did she notice B．she noticed
C．does she notice D．she has noticed
【考点】GB：倒装句．
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【分析】句意：只有当玛丽第二次读了她的作文后，她才注意到拼写错误．
【解答】答案 A 此处是部分倒装．因为"Only+状语"置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，
即：用一般疑问句的语序．排除B、D两项．由于句子是一般过去式，所以选A项．
【点评】考查倒装．只要掌握在哪几种情况下用部分倒装即可．此题是"Only+状语"置
于句首，句子部分倒装．特别要注意的是"Only+主语"置于句首，句子不到装．
7．（1分）I wish to thank Professor Smith，without_______help I would never have got this
far．（ ）
A．who B．whose C．whom D．which
【考点】58：连接代词；H2：非限制性定语从句．
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【分析】句意为：我希望感谢史密斯教授，要是没有了他的帮助，我不可能走这么远．
【解答】答案：B 本题定语从句的先行词是Professor Smith，在定语从句中，关系代
词应该指代先行词，并在从句中作为help的定语．选项中只有whose可以放在名词前
面做定语．
故选：B．
【点评】解答定语从句的关键是 分析句子成分，如果定语从句的句子成分很完整就使
用关系副词；如果句子缺少主语，宾语，表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词．同时也
要注意一些关系词的特殊用法，尤其是that的特殊用法，既要注意普遍性，也要注意特
殊性．特别关注：Whose是可以放在名词前面做定语的关系代词，如果缺少定语，用
whose引导定语从句，或是of which the+名词/the+名词+of which．要特别注意which引
导非限制性短语从句的用法．
8．（1分）It's quite warm here； we __________turn the heating on yet．（ ）
A．couldn't B．mustn't C．needn't D．wouldn't【考点】A6：情态动词；G4：否定句．
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【分析】句意为：今天这里相当暖和，我们没必要开暖气．
【解答】答案：C 根据上文"这里相当暖和"，可以推知下文应该是：我们没必要开暖
气．couldn't不可能；mustn't禁止；needn't不需要；wouldn't不会．根据语境，本题应
该选择C．
【点评】考查情态动词要注意句子所表达的含义中含有什么样的语气．
9．（1分）It doesn't matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing﹣﹣﹣both roads lead
to the park．（ ）
A．whether B．how C．if D．when
【考点】92：从属连词．
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【分析】句意：你在十路口向右拐还是向左拐都没关系﹣﹣两条路都可以到达公园．
【解答】答案：A 此题考查主语从句．It是形式主语，真正的主语是whether引导的从
句．和or连用时，用whether引导主语从句．if作"是否"讲时，不引导主语从句．
故选：A．
【点评】考查主语从句．主要要记住引导主语从句的连词，然后根据句意选择连词即
可．
10．（1分）The secretary arranged a（n）___________time and space for the applicants to have
an interview．（ ）
A．important B．spare C．public D．convenient
【考点】64：形容词词意辨析．
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【分析】句意：秘书为申请人安排了合适的被采访的时间和地点．
【解答】答案：D A项"重要的"； B项"闲暇的，多余的"；C项"公众的"；D项"方便
的，便利的"．由句意可知，此处是指"方便的时间和地点"．故选D项．
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析．要掌握每一个形容词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适
的形容词即可．
11．（ 1分 ） He got up late and hurried to his office， _________the breakfast
untouched．（ ）
A．left B．to leave
C．leaving D．having left
【考点】B3：现在分词；HJ：结果状语从句．
菁优网版权所有【分析】句意：他起床晚了，然后匆匆忙忙地去了办公室，没有吃早饭．
【解答】答案：C 此处是现在分词作结果状语．由于got up late 所以"没吃早饭"，这是
自然而然的结果，用现在分词做结果状语．而不定式也可以做结果状语，只是表示"出
乎意料"的结果．
故选：C．
【点评】考查现在分词作结果状语．主要要区分开与不定式作作结果状语的不同．现在
分词做结果状语表示自然而然的结果；而不定式做结果状语，只是表示"出乎意料"的结
果．
12．（ 1分 ） The three of us___________around Europe for about a month last
summer．（ ）
A．travelled B．have travelled
C．had travelled D．travel
【考点】E2：一般过去时．
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【分析】句意：去年我们当中的三个人在欧洲旅行了大约一个月．
【解答】答案：A 由时间状语last summer．可知，动词应该用一般过去式，指发生在
过去的动作．故选A项．
【点评】考查一般过去式．主要掌握一般过去式的定义及一些时间状语即可．
13．（1分）Parents and children should communicate more to ________the gap between them so
that they can understand each other better．（ ）
A．open B．narrow C．widen D．leave
【考点】A8：实义动词．
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【分析】句意为：家长和孩子应该多交流，来缩小他们之间的代沟，以便他们能够更好
地理解彼此．
【解答】答案：B open意思是"打开"，narrow形容词的意思是"狭窄的"，作为动词意
思是"（使） 变窄，缩小"，widen意思是"拓宽"，leave意思是"离开"． 根据下文"so
that they can understand each other better．"可知，家长和孩子之间应该缩小他们之间的代
沟，所以本题应该选择B．
【点评】了解各个选项的词义，再结合句意选择正确的选项．
14．（ 1分 ） Everything was placed exactly ___________he wanted it for the graduation
ceremony．（ ）A．while B．when C．where D．though
【考点】HI：地点状语从句．
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【分析】句意为：为了毕业典礼，一切东西都已精确地放在了他想要地方．
【解答】答案：C
根据 was placed （被放在）可知其后为地点状语，where引导地点状语从句，在从句中
作地点状语，这里缺少地点状语"所放的位置"，故C项符合语境．
故选：C．
【点评】分析句子中主句和从句之间的关系，特别是主句中的谓语动词，然后根据需要
选择适当连词．
15．（ 1分 ） We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride
home．（ ）
A．didn't offer B．wouldn't offer
C．hasn't offered D．hadn't offered
【考点】GJ：虚拟语气．
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【分析】句意为：昨天要不是Harold载我们回家，我们可能就叫出租车了．
【解答】答案：D 主句中的谓语"would have called a taxi"表示本句所表达的内容与过
去事实相反，从句中应该用过去完成时．所以本题选择D．
【点评】考查此类题型，需要理解表示于过去事实相反的假设中的句型结构．句型：条
件从句：过去完成时；主句：should（would）have+过去分词
第二节：完形填空（共1小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）
16．（30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给出的A、B、C、D四个
选项中选出最佳选项．
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it，when I was 13．My parents
took us there for camping．On the way out，I asked them to wait while I ran up to
E1Capitan，a（16） B rock of 3，300feet straight up．I touched that giant rock and
knew（17） A I wanted to climb it．That has been my life's passion （钟爱） ever
since﹣﹣﹣（18） D the rocks and mountains of Yosemite．I've long made Yosemite
my （19） B ．
About 15years ago I started seeing a lot of（20） C ，like toilet paper，beer cans，and
empty boxes，around the area．It's（21） A me why visitors started respecting the place（22） C and treated such a beautiful home﹣like place this way．
I tried （23） B trash（垃圾）myself，but the job was too big．I would （24） D
an hour or two on the job，only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later．Finally，I
got so（25） C it that I decided something had to change．
As a rock﹣climbing guide，I knew（26） D about organizing any big event．But in
2004，together with some climbers，I set a date for a（27） A ．On that day，more than
300people （28） B ．Over three days we collected about 6，000pounds of trash．It was
amazing how much we were able to（29） C ．I couldn't believe the（30） D we
made﹣﹣﹣the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere．In 2007alone，2，945people
picked up 42，330pounds of trash and（31） C 132miles of roadway．
I often hear people（32） B about their surroundings．If you are one of them，I would
say the only way to change things is by（33） A rather than complaining．We need to
teach by （34） C ．You can't blame others（35） D you start with yourself．
16．A．distant B．huge C．narrow D．loose
17．A．immediately B．finally C．gradually D．recently
18．A．imagining B．painting C．describing D．climbing
19．A．garden B．home C．lab D．palace
20．A．material B．resources C．waste D．goods
21．A．beyond B．against C．over D．within
22．A．more B．most C．less D．least
23．A．throwing away B．picking up C．breaking down D．digging out
24．A．kill B．save C．wait D．spend
25．A．satisfied with B．delighted in C．tired of D．used to
26．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
27．A．cleanup B．party C．picnic D．concert
28．A．dropped out B．showed up C．looked around D．called back29．A．demand B．receive C．accomplish D．overcome
30．A．plan B．visit C．contact D．difference
31．A．crossed B．measured C．covered D．designed
32．A．talk B．complain C．argue D．quarrel
33．A．doing B．thinking C．questioning D．watching
34．A．method B．explanation C．example D．research
35．A．although B．if C．when D．useless
【考点】L1：记叙文；MB：健康环保类阅读；N3：上下文逻辑推测．
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【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章讲述了"我"把 Yosemite National Park当做自己的
家．当"我"看到里面有大量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾．由此"我"明
白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨．
【解答】答案：16﹣﹣﹣20 BADBC 21﹣﹣﹣25 ACBDC 26﹣﹣﹣30 DABCD 31﹣﹣﹣
35 CBACD16．B．从下文的thatgrant rock可知选B．
17．A．immediately立即，马上．句意：我触摸到那块巨石时，立刻知道我想攀登它．
18．D．根据17空后的climb可知．
19．B．根据22空后的such a beautiful home﹣like place可知．
20．C．根据like 后面列举的内容可知．
21．A．beyond超出．句意：我不理解游客为什么不爱护这个地方…
22．C．根据上文游客在这样一个美丽的地方丢弃大量的垃圾，故选less．
23．B．根据上文，我看到游客丢垃圾很心痛，于是自己去捡起那些游客丢弃的垃
圾．pike up 捡起；throwaway 扔掉；breakdown出故障，抛锚；谈判破裂； digout发
掘、找到．
24．D．花费时间做某事用spend sometime on sth．故选D．
25．C．根据上文的"…only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later"，以及下文的
"…that I decided something had to change"可知作者自己疲惫了单独捡垃圾．
26．D．根据下一句"but"后的内容，可知此句意思为作者不知道如何组织大型活动．
27．A．根据下文中的超过三百多人参加捡垃圾以及下一段中的"each year volunteers
come for the cleanup from everywhere"，可知此处选A（清扫）．
28．B．根据下一句"over three days we collected about 6，000 pounds of trash"可知"那一天，超出三百多人参加了清扫垃圾的活动"，故选B（出席，到场）．
29．C．根据上一句"over three days we collected about 6，000 pounds of trash"可知选 C
（完成）．
30．D．根据破折号后的"the park looked clean"可知，因为我们把公园里的垃圾捡完了，
公园变得干净了，与以前不同了，故选D．
31．C．此句的意思是"单独2007一年中，2，945 个人捡了42，330磅垃圾，覆盖了
132英里的路面"．
32．B．根据33空后的"complain"可知选B．
33．A．此句意思是"我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨"，故选A．
34．C．句意为"我们需要榜样"，故选C．
35．D．句意为"我们不能责备别人，除非以身作则"，故选D．
【点评】做完形填空时，要了解完形填空题的设空原则，用正确的思维解题，不抠字词
用法，不断章取义．先浏览全文，概括大意，然后再根据对上下文文意的理解和行文逻
辑的把握来答题．
第二部分：阅读理解（共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分49.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所
给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项．
17．（12.5分）Bicycle Safety
Operation Always ride your bike in a safe，controlled manner on campus（校园）．Obey
rules and regulations．Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists，and always use your lights
in dark conditions．
Theft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack﹣﹣﹣even if you are
only away for a minute． Register your bike with the University Department of Public
Safety．It's fast，easy，and free．Registration permanently records your serial number，
which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen．
Equipment
Brakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly．
Helmet A necessity，make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fit
properly．Lights Always have a front headlight﹣﹣﹣visible at least 500feet in front of the
bike．A taillight is a
good idea．
Rules of the Road
Riding on Campus As a bicycle rider，you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and
posted bicycle paths．Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine．The speed
limit for bicycles on campus is 15mph，unless otherwise posted．Always give the right of
ways to walkers．If you are involved in an accident，you are required to offer appropriate
aid，call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you
go．
Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved for bikes．Trees，handrails，hallways，and
sign posts are not for bicycle parking，and parking in such posts can result in a fine．
If Things Go Wrong
If you break the rules，you will be fined．Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on
campus，you could be fined for：
No bicycle registration﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣25dollars
Bicycleparkivngbanned﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣30dollars
Blocking path with bicycle﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣40dollars
Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣35dollars
36．Registration of your bicycle may help you A ．
A．find your stolen bicycle
B．get your serial number
C．receive free repair services
D．settle conflicts with walkers
37．According to the passage，what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders？
D ．
A．Brakes．
B．A helmet．C．A headlight．
D．A taillight．
38．When you ride a bicycle on the campus， C ．
A．ride on posted bicycle paths and sidewalks
B．cycle at a speed of over 15mph
C．put the walkers'right of way first
D．call the police before leaving in a case of accident
39．If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus，you could be fined B ．
A.25
B.30
C.35
D.40
40．What is the passage mainly about？ A
A．A guide for safe bicycling on campus．
B．Directions for bicycle tour on campus．
C．Regulations of bicycle race on campus．
D．Rules for riding motor vehicles on campus．
【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
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【分析】本文讲述的主要是在校园里要安全使用自行车，以及校园内骑自行车时要遵守
的交通规则．首先为了防盗，要对使用的自行车进行登记；其次，必须得保证自行车的
刹车性能良好，要调整好刹车；必须配有头盔，并且确保头盔符合当前的安全标准以及
大小要合适；自行车必须得有一个前大灯，可见度至少要能照到自行车前500英尺．校
园骑车的交通规则：只能在街道上或标有自行车标记的路上骑车，违者将罚款；并且限
速每小时不能超过 15英里，要给步行者让路；一旦发生了事故，需要提供适当的帮
助，保护好现场，并且电话报警，等到警察允许了才能离开．要将自行车停在校园内的
预留位置，禁止乱停乱放，否则会导致罚款．最后还规定了各种罚款的细则．
【解答】36 A 细节理解题．根据 Theft Prevention部分中的"Registration permanently
records…in the possible recovery of the bike stolen．"自行车登记可以永久记录你的序列
号，这样会对被盗自行车有可能失而复得有用．所以给自行车登记可以帮你找到丢失的
自行车，故选A．37 D 细节理解题．根据 Equipment部分，"Brakes Make sure that…Helmet A
necessity，make sure…Lights Always have a front headlight…A taillight is a good idea．"
文中提到：必须得保证刹车性能良好，要调整好刹车；头盔是必需品，确保你的头盔符
合当前的安全标准并且尺寸合适；自行车总得要有一个前大灯，可见度至少能照到自行
车前500英尺；因此以上配套都是必须的．所以A．B．C都不正确．根据"A taillight is
a good idea．安装一个尾灯也不错．"可知，可以自愿安装尾灯，它不是必需的．故选
D．
38 C 细节理解题．根据"Riding on Campus"部分中的"Always give the right of ways to
walkers"可知，在校园骑车时，总是要给步行者让路．所以"要将给步行者让路放在首位
"是正确的．故选C．
39 B 细节理解题．根据"Bicycle Parking"部分中的"Trees，handrails…result in a fine．树
木、扶手、走廊、和标志杆，这些地方不允许停放自行车，否则会导致罚款"以及
"Bicycle parking banned﹣﹣﹣﹣30dollars"违章停放自行车﹣﹣﹣罚款30美元．所以将
自行车停在树下会罚款30美元，故选B．
40 A 主旨大意题．A．自行车校园安全指南；B．自行车校园之旅；C．校园自行车
比赛规则；D．校园骑摩托车的规定；通读全文可知：本文讲述的主要是在校园里安全
使用自行车，以及校园内骑自行车时要遵守的交通规则．所以A是正确的．故选A．
【点评】做阅读理解题时，首先要快速浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；然后结合后面
的题目，进行有针对性的细节阅读．
18．（12.5分）Barditch High School decided to an All﹣School Reunion．Over 450 people
came to the event．There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate
Park．Several former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old days．Ms．Mabel
Yates，the English teacher for fifty years，was wheeled to the Park．
Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans（嘟囔声）when Ms．Yates was about to
speak．Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere
instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from and old woman who had few kind words for her
students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined．
Then Ms．Yates started to speak：
"I can't tell you how pleased I am to be here．I haven't seen many of you since your
graduation，but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying foryour tragedies．I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students．Although
I haven't appeared in person，I have attended your college graduations，weddings and even
the birth your children，in my imagination．"
Ms．Yates paused and started crying a bit．Then she continued：
"It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could，some of you would succeed to please
me and others would succeed to annoy me．Regardless of our motives，I can see that you
have all been successful in you chosen path．"
"There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of
work．You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I
love you all from the bottom of my heart．"
There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping．Tee
clapping turned into cheering，then into a deafening roar（呼喊）．Lawyers，truck drivers，
bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame all because of the
words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown．
41．What activity was organized for the school reunion？ C ．
A．Sightseeing in the park．
B．A picnic on the school playground．
C．Telling stories about past events．
D．Graduates'reports in the old building．
42．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2？ B ．
A．Some graduates were too busy to listen to Ms．Yates'speech．
B．Many graduates disliked Ms．Yates'ways of teaching．
C．Some people got tired from the reunion activities．
D．Most people had little interest in the reunion．
43．We can learn from Ms．Yates'speech that she A ．
A．kept track of her students'progress
B．gave her students advice on their careers
C．attended her students'college graduations
D．went to her students'wedding ceremonies．44．What was Ms．Yates'belief in teaching teenagers？ C ．
A．Teachers'knowledge is the key to students'achievements．
B．Pressure on students from teachers should be reduced．
C．Hard﹣pushed students are more likely to succeed．
D．Students'respect is the best reward for teachers．
45．Which of the following can best describe Ms．Yates？ D ．
A．Reliable and devoted．
B．Tough and generous．
C．Proud but patient．
D．Strict but caring．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．
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【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在一次同学聚会上老师发自肺腑的演讲．一位原本
并不为学生所喜爱的老师告诉学生，自从他们毕业后她一直在记录着关注着他们的一
切．他相信对他们严格会让他们成功．通过演讲，同学们知道了曾经讨厌的老师是如此
可敬，一直陪伴他们成长．
【解答】41．答案：C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的第四句"several former teachers
were on hand to tell stories about the old days．"可知，组织活动的目的是为了讲述过去发
生的事情．故C项正确．
42．答案：B．推理判断题．根据第二段的第一句根据"Many started looking at their
watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture
from an old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than
all the other teachers combined．"可知，当老师要说话时，学生寻找各种借口去各个地方
而不是准备听老师讲话．这个老师话很少，但老师要他们努力学习，比其他老师加起来
的还要多．可知，学生不喜欢他的教学方式．故B项正确．
43．答案：A．细节理解题．根据文章第四段 Ms．Yates演讲的第二句中的"but I have
followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies．"可推
断出，这位老师一直在关注着她的学生的成长．故A项正确．
44．答案：C．细节理解题．根据第六段第一句"It was my belief that if I pushed you as
hard as I could，some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy
me．"可知，Ms．Yates认为她越是严厉地对待学生，学生就越容易成功．故 C项正确．
45．答案：D．推理判断题．根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句中"I want you to know I
love you all from the bottom of my heart"和第六段的第一句"It was my belief that if I pushed
you as hard as I could．"可推断出Ms．Yates是一个既严厉又充满了爱心的人，故D项
正确．
【点评】做这类题时，不仅要掌握文章的主旨大意，而且要根据题干在文章中找出关键
信息进行细节理解，并根据上下文猜测词义．
19．（ 12.5分 ） The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a
blackboard is a thing of the past．With the coming of new technologies like computers and
smartphone， writing by hand has become something of nostalgic （ 怀 旧 的 ）
skill． However， while today's educators are using more and more technology in their
teaching， many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be
successful﹣﹣﹣both in school and in life．
Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，
says it's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of
writing by hand．
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to
complete various writing tasks﹣﹣﹣both on a computer and by hand．The study，published
in 2009，found that when writing with a pen and paper，participants wrote longer essays and
more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate．
In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student's writing
skills and found that how well children spell is tied to know well they can write．"Spelling
makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary，
word meaning and concepts． It is allowing our written language to connect with
ideas．"Berninger said．
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe（转
换）"those words in the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，"the study
said．Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps children not only to turn their ideas into
words，says Berninger，but also to spot（发现） spelling mistakes when they write the
words down and to correct then over time．"In our computer age，some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we
have spell checks，"she said．"But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a
fifth grade level，they won't have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the
options given by the computer．"
46．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past？ B ．
A．The absence of blackboard in classroom．
B．The use of new technologies in teaching．
C．The lack of practice in handwriting．
D．The popular use of smartphones．
47．Berninger's study published in 2009 A ．
A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer．
B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper．
C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences．
D．discussed the importance of writing speed．
48．Which of the following best shows the role of spelling？ B ．
A．Spelling improves one's memory of words．
B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability．
C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas．
D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas．
49．What does"mind's eye"in paragraph 5mean？ D ．
A．Window．
B．Soul
C．Picture．
D．Imagination．
50．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage？ C ．
A．Computers can help people with their choice of words．
B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching．
C．Handwriting still has a place in today's classrooms．
D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade．【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节．
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【分析】本文主要讲述的是：随着现代科技的发展，书写渐渐被人们所忽视．但是
Berninger的研究表明，书写在现代教学中应该占有一席之地．加强拼写有助于学生的发
展．
【解答】46．答案：B．细节理解题．根据第一段"With the coming of new technologies
like computers and smartphone，writing by hand has become something of nostalgic （怀旧
的）skill．"可知随着像电脑和智能手机的使用，书写已经成为了人们怀旧的东西．故答
案选B．
47．答案：A．细节理解题．根据第三段首句"Berninger and her colleagues conducted a
study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks﹣﹣﹣both on a
computer and by hand．"可知Berninger和她的同事做了个研究，想看看学生用电脑和用
手工完成各种写的任务的情况．故答案选A．
48．答案：B．细节理解题．根据第四段首句"In a more recent study，Berninger looked at
what role spelling plays in a student's writing skills and found that how well children spell is
tied to know well they can write．"可知在更近的一次研究中，Berninge想看看拼写在学生
写作技巧中所发挥的什么作用，结果发现字写得好的孩子文章也写得好． 故答案选
B．
49．答案：D．词义猜测题．根据第五段中"Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps
children not only to turn their ideas into words，but also to notice spelling mistakes when they
write the words down and to correct them over time．"可知用内心去看这些单词，不仅能帮
助学生们将思想变成文字，而且也能注意到拼写的错误和正确的书写．联系本意：思想
的眼睛则为想像之意．故选D
50．答案：C．主旨大意题．根据第一段特别是最后一句中"many believe handwriting
skills are still necessary for students to be successful﹣﹣both in school and in life．"句意：
有许多人相信写作技能在学校与生活中依然有必要学的．和文章的最后一段，首段说明
随着新技术的到来，手写已经成为过去，之后文章中部提到手写的好处，最后一段进一
步阐明书写的重要．故答案选C．
【点评】这篇文章篇幅较长，学生要培养快速阅读能力．阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的
核心，即文章整体和各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系．
20．（ 12.5分 ） You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim orcreator．When you choose to be a victim，the world is a cold and difficult place．"They"did
things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering．"They"are wrong and bad，and life
is terrible as long as"they"are around．Or you may blame yourself for all your problems，thus
internalizing（内化）your victimization．The truth is，your life is likely to stay that way as
long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others．
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently． They know there are
individuals who might like to control their lives，but they don't let this get in the way．They
know they have their weaknesses，yet they don't blame themselves when they fail．Whatever
happens，they have choice in the matter．They believe their dance with each sacred（神圣
的）moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain
needed for emotional and spiritual growth．
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical
realities，yet their experience of life is worlds apart．Victims relish （沉溺）in anger，
guilt，and other emotions that cause others﹣﹣﹣and even themselves﹣﹣﹣to feel like
victims，too．Creators consciously choose love，inspiration，and other qualities which
inspire not only themselves，but all around them．Both victims and creators always have
choice to determine the direction of their lives．
In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives．One person，
on losing a job or a special relationship，may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into
terrible suffering for months，years，or even a lifetime．Another with the same experience
may choose to first experience the grief，then accept the loss and soon move on to be a
powerful creative force in his life．
In every moment and every circumstance，you can choose to have fuller，richer life by
setting a clear intention to transform the victim within，and by inviting into your life the
powerful creator that you are．
51．What does the word"they"in Paragraph 1probably refer to？ A ．
A．People and things around you．
B．Opportunities and problems．
C．Creators and their choices．D．Victims and their sufferings．
52．According to Paragraph 2，creators C ．
A．seem willing to experience failures in life
B．possess the ability to predict future life
C．handle ups and downs of life wisely
D．have potential to create something new
53．What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ B ．
A．Creators and victims face quite different things in life．
B．Creators and victims are masters of their lives．
C．Victims can influence more people than creators．
D．Compared with victims，creators are more emotional．
54．The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4show that A ．
A．strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims．
B．people need family support to deal with challengers in life．
C．it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains．
D．one's experiences determine his attitude toward life．
55．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？ D ．
A．To define victims and creators．
B．To evaluate victims against creators．
C．To explain the relationship between victims and creators．
D．To suggest the transformation from victims to creators．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P4：逻辑推理；P6：作者情感态度．
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【分析】本文讲述了两种截然不同的人，一种是消极悲观怨天尤人的"受害者"，另一种
是积极主动主宰自己命运的"缔造者"．在挫折面前他们表现出不同的态度，作者建议人
们要转变心态从命运的"受害者"变成自己命运的主宰者．
【解答】51．答案：A．推理判断题．从第一段的叙述："‘They'did things to you which
caused all of your pain and suffering．‘They'are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as
‘They'are around．"可知"他们"所做的事情，使你感觉到痛苦和折磨．他们品质败坏，
态度恶劣，只要有他们环绕在你身边，你的生活也会很糟糕．所以they指除了自己以外
的其他人或事．故A选项正确．52．答案：C．细节理解题．文章第二段描叙了那些积极乐观的人们"They believe their
dance with each sacred moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which
can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth．"由此可知他们相信他们在生
命中每一个神圣时刻的舞动都是一份礼物，而暴风雨也只是自然生活的一部分，它会带
来心灵和精神上成长所需的雨露．他们对待人生的坎坷起伏的态度是很明智的，C选项
正确．
53．答案：B．推理判断题．从第三段 Both victims and creators always have choice to
determine the direction of their lives．推断可知B选项正确．他们是自己命运的主人，主
宰着自己人生的方向．本段是总分总结构，首句或是尾句即可得出答案．创造者和受害
者都是生活的
决定者．
54．答案：A．推理判断题．第四段首句"In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator
at various points in our lives．"即为主题句，意思是：事实上，在我们生活的许多方面我
们都扮演着牺牲品或创造者的角色．此后的例子用来作为论据证明此论点，所以A选项
正确．
55．答案：D．推理判断题．文章讲述了两种人对待挫折困境的不同态度，不同做法，
最后提出文章中心即作者的观点"you can choose to have a fuller，richer life by setting a
clear intention to transform the victim within，and by inviting into your life the powerful
creator that you are．"建议人们不做生活的牺牲品，争做生活的创造者建议人们不做生活
的牺牲品，争做生活的创造者 所以D选项正确．
【点评】做此类题的技巧
1．通读全文，了解大意．
2．带着问题，复读原文．
3．理解识别，推断归纳．
第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达（共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）
21．（10分）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题．
Born in 1949，Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida
State High School swimming champion． Like many young athletes， she had Olympic
dreams，but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games．The disappointment
didn't stop her from going forward． Instead， she became interested in marathonswimming．A brilliant athlete，she was well﹣conditioned for spending long periods of time
in the water．As a long﹣distance swimmer，she would compete against herself and the
obstacles presented by distance，danger，cold，and exhaustion．
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world's best long﹣distance
swimmers．In 1970，she swam a ten﹣mile marathon in Lake Ontario，setting the women's
record for the course．In 1972she set another record by swimming 102.5miles from an island
in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida．Then she broke a third record when swimming around
Manhattan Island in 1975．
Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978．Though the span of
water is less than 100miles wide，it is rough and dangerous．After battling the water for two
days，she had to give for the sake of her own health and safety．Even so，she impressed the
world with her courage and strong desire to succeed．For Nyad her strength of purpose was
just as important as reading Cuba．That is how she defined success．It did not matter that her
swim came up short； she believed she had touched the other shore．
When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer，she continued to try new things﹣﹣﹣travelling
the world as a reporter，writing books and giving public speeches about her life．Diana Nyad
works to inspire others，just as she did when she swam the waters of the world．
56．What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games？（No more than
5words）
A serious illness
57． What does the underlined word"obstacles"mean？ （ 1word）
Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges．
58．What achievement did Nyad make in 1970？（No more than 10words．） She swam a
ten﹣mile marathon and set women's record．
Or：She swam a ten﹣mile marathon，setting the women's record．
Or：She set the women's record for a ten﹣mile marathon swimming．
59．Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore？（No more than 10words）
Because she had tried her best （to fulfill the task）．
Or：Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba． ．60．Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad．（No more than 20words） I am
encouraged by her determination and strong will．
Or：I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed．
Or：From her I learned that once we set a goal，we should try hard to achieve it．
Or：We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure．
Or：We should never stop trying new things and we may achieve success in different
fields． ．
【考点】O1：人物故事类；PA：阅读表达．
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【分析】在1949年出生，戴安娜Nyad把游泳作为一种运动和早期的兴趣，是佛罗里达
州高中游泳冠军．和许多年轻运动员一样，她有奥运梦想，但一个严重的疾病使她不参
加奥运会比赛．失望并没有阻止她前进．相反，她开始对马拉松感兴趣．做为一个出色
的运动员，她有良好的条件在水中呆很长的时间．作为一个长距离的游泳运动员，她将
与自己和由距离，危险，寒冷和疲劳带来的障碍进行竞争．
十年来，Nyad致力于成为世界上最好的长距离游泳运动员的一员．1970年，她在安
大略湖中游了一次里程10英里的马拉松比赛，创立了该比赛的女子纪录．在1972，她
创造了另一个记录，102.5英里﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣从一个在巴哈马海岸的岛到佛罗里达州的海
岸．接下来，她又打破了第三个记录﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣在1975年环游曼哈顿岛．
在 1978年，Nyad尝试在佛罗里达州和古巴之间游泳．虽然水的跨度不到 100英里
宽，但海水汹涌和路程危险．在与水搏斗了2天之后，她为了自己的健康和安全而放弃
了．即使如此，她用她的勇气和强烈成功的愿望给世界留下了深刻的印象．对Nyad来
说，她意志的力量和为到达古巴一样重要．这就是她对成功的解释．她游得长短这并不
重要，她相信她已经碰了对岸．
当她作为一个游泳运动员结束她的职业生涯时，她还在不断尝试新的东西﹣﹣﹣﹣
﹣作为一个记者环游世界，从而写了很多书和给公众做了有关于她的生活的演讲．戴安
娜Nyad努力工作去鼓舞他人，就像她游过世界上的水域而做的那样．
【解答】56．A serious illness （did）．细节理解题．根据第一段中的but a serious illness
kept her from competing in the Games这句话可知一个严重的疾病使她不参加奥运会比
赛．
57．Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges．词义推断题．根据第一段中下划线单词后
面的"distance，danger，cold，and exhaustion"和前面的"compete against"可知推知obstacles的意思是在与自己和困难、挑战、麻烦或问题作斗争．
58．She swam a ten﹣mile marathon and set women's record．
Or：She swam a ten﹣mile marathon，setting the women's record．
Or：She set the women's record for a ten﹣mile marathon swimming．细节理解题．根
据第二段中的"In 1970，she swam a ten﹣mile marathon in Lake Ontario，setting the
women's record for the course．"可知1970年，她在安大略湖中游了一次里程10英里的
马拉松比赛，创立了该比赛的女子纪录．
59．Because she had tried her best （to fulfill the task）．
Or：Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba．细节理解题．根据第三
段中的"For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reading Cuba．"可知对
Nyad来说，她意志的力量和为到达古巴一样重要．
60．I am encouraged by her determination and strong will．
Or：I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed．
Or：From her I learned that once we set a goal，we should try hard to achieve it．
Or：We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure．
Or：We should never stop trying new things and we may achieve success in different
fields．细节理解题．根据文章的整体意思来看主要讲述的是Diana Nyad生平事迹，当
她作为一个游泳运动员取得了很大的成就；在结束她的职业生涯时，她还在不断尝试新
的东西﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣作为一个记者环游世界，写了很多书和给公众做了有关于她的生活的
演讲，进而激励人们取得成功，所以可以得知她的意志力和决心在不断地鼓励着人们．
【点评】题目重在理解全文的意思．对于题目中所提的问题要充分理解原文，在文章中
找到答案，利用文章的信息进行作答，写的过程中注意形式上的变化和词的选用，符合
题目前后文的要求．
第二节：书面表达（满分25分）
22．（25分）假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris就读于天津某国际学校．他熟悉中国文
化，特别是戏曲文化．8月5日下午2：00在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯
与祝英台》．请你根据以下提示，用英语给Chris写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演
出．
*提出邀请并简述原因；
*提出观剧后活动建议（如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等）*请求对方回复
注意：
1．请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；
2．可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．
参考词汇：
越剧：Shaoxing Opera《梁山伯与祝英台》Butterfly Lovers
天津大剧院Tianjin Grand Theater
Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you． A Shaoxing Opera named Butterfly Lovers will be on show in
TianjinGrand Theater，which was just completed，at 2：00 p．m．on August 5th．Itis
because I know you like the culture of China，especially drama that Iwould like to invite you
to admire it．
As we all know， Butterfly Lovers is a traditional drama， telling about two young
person'smoving love story．After watching it，shall we visit some places nearby，suchas the
art museum，in which lots of rich art will appeal to you enormously？
I would be very glad if youcome．Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours，
Li Jin．
【考点】R1：提纲类；S4：应用文．
菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇提纲作文．根据所提供的材料，写一封信给 Chris写一封电子邮
件，邀请他一起观看演出．要点包括：提出邀请并简述原因；提出观剧后活动建议；请
求对方回复．写作时以一般现在时为主．人称以第一人称为主．重要短语：be on show
（在展览），would like to （想要做），invite sb to do（邀请某人做某事），appeal to （吸
引），look forward to doing （期望做某事）．
【解答】Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you．A ShaoxingOpera named Butterfly Lovers will be on
show in Tianjin Grand Theater，whichwas just completed，at 2：00 p．m．on August
5th．【高分句型】It is because I know you like the cultureof China，especially drama that I
would like to invite you to admire it．【高分句型】（提出邀请并简述原因）As we all know， Butterfly Lovers is a traditional drama， telling about two young
person'smoving love story．【高分句型】After watching it，shall we visit someplaces
nearby，such as the art museum，in which lots of rich art will appeal toyou enormously？
【高分句型】（提出关剧后活动建议）
I would be very glad if youcome．Looking forward to your early reply．（请求对方回
复）
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点，并适当增加细节．写作时
注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，
同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重
要句型．
