文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．tutor n．(英国大学中的)助教；导师；家庭教师 vt.辅导
2．cite vt.引用；引述
3．messenger n．送信人；信使
4．edition n．(报纸、杂志)一份；(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑；版次
5．culture shock文化冲击
6．zone n．(有别于周围的)地区；地带；区域
7．comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围
8．overwhelming adj.无法抗拒的；巨大的；压倒性的
9．homesickness n．思乡病；乡愁
10．setting n．环境；背景；(小说等的)情节背景
11．tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的
12．mature adj.成熟的
13．boom vi.& n．迅速发展；繁荣
14．perspective n．(思考问题的)角度；观点
15．envoy n．使者；使节；代表
16．outlook n．前景；可能性；观点
17．belt n．腰带；地带
18．initiative n．倡议；新方案
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．complex adj.复杂的；难懂的；(语法)复合的
2．recall vt.& vi.记起；回想起
3．presentation n．报告；陈述；出示；拿出
4．firm n．公司；商行；事务所 adj.结实的；牢固的；坚定的
5．insight n．洞察力；眼光6．grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧
7．expense n．费用；花费；开销
8．deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
9．gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n．好处；增加
10．angle n．角；角度；立场
11．sincerely adv.真诚地；诚实地
12．budget n．预算
13．outcome n．结果；效果
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．qualification n．(通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格；学历→qualify vt.& vi.(使)具备资格；
(使)合格→qualified adj.有资格的；称职的
2．ambition n．追求的目标；夙愿；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的；有雄心的
3．adaptation n．适应；改编本→adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应
4．comfort n．安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰→comfortable
adj.令人舒适的；舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
5．participate vi.参加；参与→participation n．参加；参与→participant n．参与者
6．engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事于；
已订婚的→engagement n．订婚；约定
7．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的
→involvement n．参与
8．motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate vt.成
为……的动机；激发；激励
9．advisor n．(also -ser)顾问→advise vt.& vi.建议；劝告→advice n．建议；忠告
10．reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably adv.明智地；合理地→reason n．原因；
道理 vt.& vi.推理，推断 vi.理解→unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的
11．expectation n．期望；预期；期待→expect vt.预料；期望
12．applicant n．申请人→apply vi.申请 vt.应用；使用；涂；敷→application n．申请(书)；
应用(程序)
13．exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭露→expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于
(险境)
14．departure n．离开；启程；出发→depart vi.& vt.离开；启程；出发
15．dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧(般)的→dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧地；
引人注目地→drama n．戏剧；戏剧性事件
16．behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止17．surroundings n．[pl.]环境；周围的事物→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的→surround vt.
包围；围绕
18．depressed adj.沮丧的；意志消沉的→depress vt.使沮丧；使忧愁→depression n．沮丧；
抑郁
19．strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的→strength n．体力；优点
20．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观主义
21．competence n．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.有能力的；称职的
22．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作
23．logical adj.合乎逻辑的；合情合理的→logically adv.合乎逻辑地→logic n．逻辑(学)；
道理
1．bully /'bʊli/ n．恃强凌弱者；横行霸道者 vt.恐吓；胁迫
2．attentive /ə'tentIv/ adj.专心的；留意的；体贴的
3．exert /Iɡ'zɜːt/ vt.施加；运用
4．rebellious /rI'beljəs/ adj.叛逆的；反抗的；难对付的
5．impose /Im'pəʊz/ vt.& vi.把……强加于；强制推行
6．immense /I'mens/ adj.巨大的；无穷的
7．unity /'juːnəti/ n．团结；联合；统一
8．universal /ˌjuːnI'vɜːsl/ adj.全体的；通用的；普遍的
9．personnel /ˌpɜːsə'nel/ n．全体人员；职员；人事部门
10．expertise /ˌekspɜː'tiːz/ n．专门知识(或技能)；专长
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．participate in参加；参与
2．speak up大声点说；明确表态
3．feel at home舒服自在；不拘束
4．engage in(使)从事；参与
5．get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联
6．cost an arm and a leg(使)花一大笔钱
7．side with支持；站在……的一边
8．as far as I know据我所知
9．as far as I am concerned就我而言；依我看来
10．in summary总的来说；总之
11．generally speaking一般来说
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．It was the first time that she had left China.(It was the first time that＋过去完成时)这是她第一次离开中国。
2．I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things I didn’t know the
English names for.(疑问词＋不定式)
我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不知道英语名字的东西。
3．At first，Xie Lei had no idea what she should say，but what surprised her was that she found
herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks.(what引导的同位语从句)
刚开始，谢蕾不知道该说什么，但使她惊奇的是，没过几周，她就能在课堂上大胆发言了。
4．Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how to behave in new
surroundings.(状语从句的省略)
在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，并承受文化冲击的折磨。
5．To sum up，one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages，so when
you think about studying abroad，you should consider these many factors.(one cannot deny the
fact that...不可否认的事实是……)
总之，我们无法否认的事实是：出国留学有其弊端。因此当你想要到海外求学时，应当考虑
上述诸多因素。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．tutor n． ( 英国大学中的 ) 助教；导师；家庭教师 vt.辅导
2．cite vt.引用；引述
3．boom vi.& n．迅速发展；繁荣
4．perspective n． ( 思考问题的 ) 角度；观点
5．outlook n．前景；可能性；观点
6．setting n． 环境；背景； ( 小说等的 ) 情节背景
7．tremendous adj.巨大的；极大的
8．edition n． ( 报纸、杂志 ) 一份； ( 广播、电视节目 ) 一期、一辑；版次
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．outcome n．结果；效果
2．recall vt.& vi.记起；回想起
3．sincerely adv.真诚地；诚实地
4．insight n．洞察力；眼光
5．grasp vt.理解；领会；抓紧
6．expense n．费用；花费；开销
7．deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝8．gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n．好处；增加
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．adaptation n．适应；改编本→adapt vt.使适应；改编 vi.适应
2．engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用→engaged adj.忙于；从事于；
已订婚的→engagement n．订婚；约定
3．motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．动力；积极性；动机→motivate vt.成
为……的动机；激发；激励
4．reasonable adj.有道理的；合情理的→reasonably adv.明智地；合理地→reason n．原因；
道理 vt.& vi.推理，推断 vi.理解→unreasonable adj.不合理的；不公正的
5．behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体；有礼貌→behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止
6．involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加→involved adj.参与的；投入的
→involvement n．参与
7．departure n．离开；启程；出发→depart vi.& vt.离开；启程；出发
8．dramatic adj.巨大的；突然的；急剧的；戏剧(般)的→dramatically adv.突然地；戏剧地；
引人注目地→drama n．戏剧；戏剧性事件
9．strengthen vi.& vt.加强；增强；巩固→strong adj.强壮的→strength n．体力；优点
10．optimistic adj.乐观的→optimism n．乐观主义
11．competence n．能力；胜任；本领→competent adj.有能力的；称职的
12．cooperate vi.合作；协作；配合→cooperation n．合作；协作
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．bully n．恃强凌弱者；横行霸道者 vt.恐吓；胁迫
2．rebellious adj.叛逆的；反抗的；难对付的
3．impose vt.& vi.把……强加于；强制推行
4．personnel n．全体人员；职员；人事部门
5．exert vt.施加；运用
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1．engage in (使)从事；参与
2．get involved in 参与；卷入；与……有关联
3．feel at home 舒服自在；不拘束
4．as far as I know 据我所知
5．as far as I am concerned 就我而言；依我看来
6．in summary 总的来说；总之
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)1．All the applicants who want to apply for the job have handed in their letters of application.
(apply)
2．As was expected，all of us achieved our goals and met our teachers’ expectations.(expect)
3．As an ambitious boss，his ambition is to open ten branches of his company in China this
year.(ambition)
4 ． When I was uncomfortable ， he would comfort me gently ， which made me quite
comfortable.(comfort)
5．What made him depressed also depressed me greatly.Our depression made us in a bad mood.
(depress)
6．Surrounded by family and friends，I find it easy to adapt to new surroundings and I often
appreciate the surrounding scenery with them.(surround)
7．Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin，so we should
decrease the direct exposure to sunlight.(expose)
8．About 200 participants actively participated in the meaningful after-class activities and the
participation benefited them greatly.(participate)
9．The school advisor often advises us to communicate more with others and his advice is
always helpful.(advise)
10．She has the qualifications for teaching English and I think she is qualified for the position.
(qualify)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．After much training，at present I am not frightened of speaking up in front of others.
2．As we all know，studying abroad costs an arm and a leg and many families can’t afford it.
3．Regularly participating in various activities further strengthens my self-confidence and
increases my communication with others.
4．Generally speaking，the more hard-working you are，the more obvious progress you will
make.
5．Unexpectedly，he sided with me and with his support，I was more confident to accomplish
my ambition.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．那是我第一次参加交换生项目。那次经历不仅开阔了我的眼界，而且增强了我的信心。
(It was the first time that...)
It was the first time that I had participated in the exchange student program，which not only
broadened my horizons but also strengthened my confidence.
2．我们的英语老师经常教我们如何更高效地记单词。(疑问词＋不定式)
Our English teacher often teaches us how to memorize words more efficiently.
3．在你朋友家吃饭时，你最好注意你的行为举止。(状语从句的省略)When having dinner in your friend ’ s home ，you’d better mind your own behaviour.
4．不可否认，我们可以从电视节目“中国诗词大会”中获益良多。(deny；同位语从句)
One cannot deny the fact that we can benefit a lot from the television programme “Chinese
Poetry Competition”．
5．当我第一次独自旅行时，我不知道该做什么准备。(what引导的同位语从句)
The first time I took a trip alone ， I had no idea what preparations I should make.
I have studied for business qualifications at Peking University for one year.I recall that
faced with complex surroundings and dramatic changes ，I suffered from tremendous
pressure and overwhelming homesickness,1.which made me depressed in the beginning.But
being an ambitious，optimistic and mature student，I managed to motivate myself to step
out of my comfort zone.I grasped every chance to speak up and offer logical presentations in
class,2.enabling(enable) myself to become competent.I engaged in the Literature Club to
3.strengthen(strong) my literary outlook on life.I got involved in the Basketball Association so
that I could learn to cooperate with others.I participated in some other meaningful activities and
benefited much from the 4.participation(participate)．There is no denying that all of them could
make me see things from different angles and have more reasonable insights into daily
affairs.As far as I’m concerned,5.exposed(expose) to the surrounding settings，I gradually
felt at home.Just as the old saying goes，“No pains，no gains.” Now I can behave
6.perfectly(perfect) at university.Furthermore，because I was on a tight budget，I took up a
position 7.as a tutor to cover my daily expenses and tuition fees，which cost an arm and a
leg.Now my ambition is to become an advisor for exchange students 8.to broaden(broaden) my
global perspective and improve my competence.Among so many applicants，I believe that I
am 9.qualified(qualify) for the job because I have firm determination.10.Whatever the outcome
is，I’ll sincerely side with the school’s decision.In summary，now I am confident in my
expectation of setting up my own firm in the future.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
comfort n．舒服；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰(comfortable adj.舒
适的；舒服的 comfortably adv.舒服地 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的)
·be a comfort to sb 对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably舒适地
to one’s comfort 令人宽慰的是·comfort sb with sth 用某物安慰某人
(1)My ambition is to live comfortably(comfort) in the suburbs of the city in the future.
(2)就我个人而言，在寒冷的夜晚喝杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。
As far as I am concerned，drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is a real comfort.
(3)看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，用鼓舞人心的话
语温柔地安慰我。(读后续写之场景描写)
Seeing I was uncomfortable with the scene，my father rose to his feet，approached me and
gathered me into his arms，gently comforting me with inspiring words.
engage vi.参加；参与(活动) vt.吸引(注意力、兴趣)；雇用(engaged adj.忙于；从事于；
已订婚的；占线的；使用中的 engagement n．订婚；约定)
·engage sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
engage (sb) in (使某人)从事；参与
·be engaged to sb 与某人订婚
be engaged in忙于；从事于
(1)Mary will be engaged to Tom，and their engagement(engage) attracts many people’s
attention.
(2)According to the initiative ， many ambitious graduates will be engaged to tutor(tutor)
children in remote regions.
(3)尽管你忙于你的学习，你也应该抽出一些时间来参加户外运动。
Although (you are) engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to engage (yourself) in
outdoor activities.
(4)上周举办了一场旨在增强我们的传统文化意识的活动，这引起了很多关注。
An activity aimed at strengthening our sense of traditional culture was held last week，which
engaged a lot of attention.
involve vt.包含；需要；涉及；影响；(使)参加(involved adj.参与的；投入的
involvement n．参与；投入)
·involve (doing) sth 包含；需要(做)某事
involve oneself in sth 参加……
·be/get involved in参与；卷入；与……有关联；专注于
(1)As far as I know，the involvement(involve) of the foreign ministers was itself a sign of
progress.(2)Last weekend，I participated in a voluntary activity which involved caring(care) for old
people in a nursery home.
(3)得知你们欢迎来自不同国家的学生，我想参加这次夏令营。(应用文写作之申请信)
Learning that you welcome students from different countries， I ’ d like to involve myself in/be
involved in the summer camp.
expectation n．预料，预期；期望；盼望(expect vt.期待，期望；预料，预期 expected
adj.预期的，预料的 unexpected adj.出乎意料的；意外的 unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地)
·live up to/meet one’s expectations不负某人所望
beyond/out of one’s expectations出乎某人的意料
·expect (sb) to do sth预计/期望(某人)做某事
as expected正如所料；不出所料
(1)In spite of an unexpected(expect) fall during the race，he jumped to his feet and dashed
towards the finish line.(读后续写之动作描写)
(2)我们渴望这次与您合作的宝贵机会，我们相信我们能够达到您的期望。
We are eager for the precious opportunity to cooperate with you and we are confident that we can
live up to/meet your expectations.
(3)本周六美术馆将举办一场中国剪纸展，预计将从早上 8点开始，持续约4个小时。(应用
文写作之通知)
There will be a Chinese paper-cutting show this Saturday in the art gallery，which is expected to
last about four hours from 8：00 am.
expose vt.使接触；使体验；显露；使暴露于(险境)(exposure n．接触；体验；暴露；揭
露)
expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……体验……
be exposed to暴露于；接触
(1)Generally speaking，there is a direct link between the sun exposure(expose) and skin cancer，
so try to avoid exposing your skin to the sun.
(2)我从小就接触外教，因此，我能够用英语和其他人自由交流。(应用文写作之申请信)
①I have been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，so I can communicate freely with
others in English.
②Having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age，I can communicate freely with
others in English.(用having done作状语改写)It was the first time that... It was the first time that she had left China.这是她第一次
离开中国。
·“It/This/That＋was＋the first/second/...time (that)＋过去完成时”表示“某人第一/第
二/……次……”
·“It/This/That＋is＋the first/second/...time (that)＋现在完成时”表示“某人第一/第二/……
次……”
·It is/was (about/high) time that...should do sth/did sth 意为“到了……做某事的时间了”，
should不能省略。本句型相当于It is/was (about/high) time for sb to do sth。
·“There was a time when...＋过去完成时”表示“曾经有一段时间……”
(1)It is the first time that he has left(leave) home，which may account for his deep homesickness.
(2)这是双胞胎第一次为母亲准备早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续
写)
This was the first time that the twins had prepared a breakfast for their mother，so they were
excited and nervous.
(3)到了政府应该采取有效措施保护野生动物免于灭绝的时候了。
It is high time for the government to take effective measures to protect wildlife from extinction./It
is high time that the government should take/took effective measures to protect wildlife from
extinction.
(4)我还记得有一段时间，我对与大自然有关的一切都很着迷。
I still remember there was a time when I was crazy about everything with nature.
疑问词＋不定式 I had to learn how to use public transport and how to ask for things
I didn’t know the English names for.我不得不学习如何使用公共交通工具，如何要到我不
知道英语名字的东西。
·“疑问词＋不定式”结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等句子成分。
·在“疑问词＋不定式”结构中，不定式必须用主动式而不能用被动式。
·why或why not后加不定式时，省略不定式符号to。
·whether后可接不定式，而if后不可以。
(1)由于他们流露出极强的兴趣，我开始教他们如何泡中国茶。
With their interest greatly sparked，I began to teach them how to make Chinese tea.
(2)如果你能给我们一些如何改进机器人的建议，我会感激不尽的。(应用文写作之征求建议)
I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our robots.
(3)大卫闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，皱着眉头，考虑着他是否应该参加越野赛。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，
读后续写)David squeezed his eyes ，bit his lips and frowned ，thinking about whether to take part
in/participate in/engage in the cross-country run or not.
(4)为何不参加讨论小组，以便你能找到志同道合的朋友呢？(应用文写作之建议信)
Why not join discussion groups so that you can find friends with similar interests?
状语从句的省略 Some may struggle and suffer from culture shock when learning how
to behave in new surroundings.在学习如何在新环境中举止得体时，有些人可能会感到吃力，
并承受文化冲击的折磨。
状语从句的省略有两种形式：
·当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有 be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动
词一起省略。
·当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。
(1)While studying(study) abroad as an exchange student，I experienced overwhelming culture
shock.
(2)如果可能的话，我们要把我们一直渴望的旅行推迟到下星期六吗？如果不方便，请告诉
我什么时间最适合你。
If (it ’ s) possible ，shall we put off our trip we have been longing for until next Saturday? If
(it ’ s) not convenient ，let me know what time suits you best.
(3)如果(我)被录用，我将致力于为我们公司的发展做出贡献。
If (I am) accepted，I will devote myself to making contributions to the development of our firm.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．firm
(1)The downturn hit the real estate(房地产) firm where she had worked for ten years as an office
manager.(2022·浙江1月) E
(2)In 1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act)，an increasingly
concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the
wetlands so vital to their survival.(2021·新课标Ⅰ) C
(3)Make sure the ladder feels firm before you climb up. B
(4)The city walls are as firm as a rock. A
(5)Experts hold the strong belief that parents must be firm with their children. D
2．dramatic(1)She then decided right before the opening to make a dramatic announcement. C
(2)He flung out his arms in a dramatic gesture and rushed at me with a fake smile. D
(3)But his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles.(2021·浙江6月)
B
(4)Habitat loss，pesticide use，and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator
populations over the past couple of decades，which has damaged the U．S.agricultural economy.
(2023·浙江1月) A
3．gain
(1)Oh，my goodness！My watch gains 20 minutes every 24 hours. D
(2)These policies have resulted in great gains in public health. E
(3) It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more
likely to gain good health compared to those who do not.(2021·天津6月) A
(4)In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index(体重指数) across 200 countries，the
scientists found that people worldwide are getting heavier and that most of the rise is due to gains
in BMI in rural areas.(2021·浙江1月) B
(5) Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that
helps them digest milk as adults.(2020·全国Ⅲ) C
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)The northern part of the country is usually regarded as the wheat belt.地带，地区
(2)Initially，we didn’t fully grasp the importance of what had happened.理解
(3)Located in Moscow，the Kremlin is a symbol of Russia and one of the world’s largest
complexes.建筑群
(4)It has been proved that people have a bias(偏向) towards the present，focusing on loud
attractions in the moment at the expense of the health，well-being and financial stability of their
future selves or community.(2023·北京)代价
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.Gifted and ambitious(ambition)，she became the leadership of the cross-country leadership.
2．I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I hold the firm belief that I can live up to
your expectations(expect)．(应用文写作之求职信)
3．I am writing to ask for your substantial assistance with my application(apply) and resume.(应
用文写作之求助信)
4．I feel greatly honoured to give a presentation(present) about the Mid-Autumn Festival，one of
the most important Chinese traditional festivals.(话题写作之传统文化)
5．There is no denying(deny) that we should shift our unhealthy living habits such as going to
bed late and not taking regular exercise.(话题写作之健康)6．As an old saying goes，“No pains，no gains(gain)．” So we should always link our study
to hard work.
7 ． Being exposed(expose) to foreign surroundings strengthens the mechanic’s general
competence and his ability to cooperate with others.
8．The assistant walked to me with great depression(depress)，with the light in her eyes
darkened.(读后续写之沮丧心理描写)
9.Thanks to the measures taken by the government，the number of people out of employment
decreases dramatically(dramatic)．
10. Thanks to your reasonable words，I was motivated(motivate) to stick to my dream.
假定你是李华，你校交换生Steve将要参加学校举办的“Studying in China”留学生汉语
演讲比赛，他发来邮件征求你的建议。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐一个话题；
2.说明推荐的理由；
3.给他的建议。
完成句子
1．得知你将参加“留学中国”演讲比赛，我很高兴给你一些建议。(participate in)
2．既然这是你第一次用中文发表演讲，你最好选择一些相对简单的话题。(It is the first time
that...)
3．在我看来，没有什么话题比“学汉字”更合适了。(as far as I’m concerned)
4．不可否认，汉字对中国人来说意义重大，因为它们是中国几千年历史的载体，展示了古
代中国人民的智慧。(deny；同位语)
5．至于其他方面，你不仅要尽可能使你的开场白吸引人，还要记得在演讲时与你的观众进
行眼神交流。(not only...but also...；状语从句的省略)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文Dear Steve，
Knowing that you’ll participate in the “Studying in China” Speech Contest，I’m
delighted to give you some suggestions.
Since it is the first time that you have delivered a speech in Chinese，you’d better choose
some relatively simple topics.As far as I’m concerned ， no topic is more suitable than
“Learning Chinese Characters”．There is no denying that Chinese characters are of great
significance to Chinese，since they serve as a carrier of China’s thousands of years of history and
show the wisdom of ancient Chinese people.As for other tips，not only should you make your
opening as impressive as possible，but also remember to make eye contact with your audience
when giving your speech.
Good luck!
Yours，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
[情感描写] ambitious；feel at home；overwhelming；motivated；
homesickness；depressed；expectation；optimistic；sincerely
亮
[动作描写] recall；comfort；participate in；speak up；engage in；get involved
词
in；motivate；expose；grasp；behave；strengthen；deny；cooperate；side
with；gain
1.Six months ago,19-year-old Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends and
boarded a plane for London.(动作描写)
2.I was very excited but also quite nervous.(情感描写)
3.Xie Lei was confused because she thought she knew less than other people.(情感
描写)
4.Now halfway through her exchange year，Xie Lei feels much more at home in
the UK.(情感描写)
美 5.British people are fascinated by our culture and eager to learn more about it，so
句 I’m keen to share my culture with them.(情感描写)
6.There are no great difficulties for a person who is brave，optimistic，and willing
to work hard！(主旨升华)
7.Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between
nations.(比喻)
8.All in all，studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s
understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared
future for all.(主旨升华)拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：伤心、沮丧、孤独
heartbroken adj.心碎的；upset adj.沮丧的 n．沮丧；miserable adj.悲惨的；
痛苦的；grief n．悲伤；悲痛；lonely adj.孤独的→loneliness n．孤独；
单词
painful adj.痛苦的→pain n．痛苦；sorrow n．悲伤→sorrowful adj.悲伤
的；frustrated adj.沮丧的→frustration n．沮丧
with a heavy/sinking heart心情沉重；with/full of sadness满是悲伤；cry
one’s eyes out痛哭；be down/low in spirits情绪低落；cry one’s heart out悲
词块 痛；sadness surges within sb某人心中涌起悲伤；feel a surge of sadness感到
一阵悲伤；be thrown into a world of darkness被扔进黑暗的世界；sink into
loneliness陷入孤独；drown one’s sadness in wine借酒浇愁
1.Sadness surging within her，she burst into tears bitterly.(独立主格结构)她
心中涌起悲伤，突然痛哭起来。
2.She walked to me with great sorrow，the light in her eyes darkening，and
said with sadness，“I failed again.”她极度悲伤地向我走来，眼光黯淡，悲
伤地说：“我又失败了。”
3.His heart sank when he heard the news.听到这个消息，他的心一沉。
句型 4.So desperate was he at the news that he drowned sadness in wine the
whole day.(倒装结构)听到这个消息，他绝望得一整天都在借酒消愁。
5.I felt like I was floating in an ocean of sadness.(比喻)我觉得自己在悲伤的海
洋里沉沉浮浮。
6.As a result of the accident，she was thrown into a world of darkness and
bathed in tears all days.出事后，她被抛入了一个黑暗的世界，终日以泪洗
面。
语料运用 孤身求学
①Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings(分词短语作状语)，I ②was
overwhelmed by a sense of loneliness.So depressed was I that ③I felt as if I were thrown into a
world of darkness.There was a time ④when I was bathed in tears every day.Luckily，the warm-
hearted classmates ⑤sincerely motivated me to grasp every chance to participate in group
activities，from which I gained a lot.Gradually ⑥not only did I feel at home(倒装结构) but also I
strengthened my confidence.⑦With my classmates siding with me and comforting me(with的复合
结构)，I became increasingly optimistic.A smile of happiness appeared on my face.
暴露在完全陌生的环境中，我被一种孤独感淹没了。我如此沮丧，以至于我觉得自己好
像被扔进了一个黑暗的世界。曾经有一段时间，我每天都以泪洗面。幸运的是，热心的同学
们真诚地激励我抓住每一个机会参加集体活动，从中我收获了很多。渐渐地，我不仅感到轻
松自在，而且增强了信心。有了同学们支持和安慰我，我变得越来越乐观。我脸上露出了幸福的微笑。
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A★
(2024·河南部分名校联考)
After talking about it for years，I finally got to visit Puglia in 2021.Not for a week or two but
an entire month.I am glad that I married a half-Italian.
A little background，my husband’s father’s family is from Salento in Puglia and they even
have a place to stay there on the beach.I have heard about this place ever since I got married.I
ended up visiting it six years after being married.
Honestly，it wasn’t my first time in Italy.I was in the Trentino region before but most of the
Italians told me that “the real Italy only starts from the south of Rome”．Anyway，I was all set
to have a very “average” experience in the south of Italy in every sense but I was in for a
surprise.That’s because I have visited a lot of amazing beaches and islands.Moreover，I have
also visited countries that are known for their amazing food and I thought I’d find Italian food
very “plain and basic”，but I was wrong.I didn’t expect to love it so much.
If there’s one country that’s so culturally powerful that everyone has to experience it at
least once，it has got to be Italy.In terms of culture，family，food，art，architecture and music
—they all play an important part individually and wholly.Italians take pride in their culture.
It is hard to describe how it is to experience a new culture.I come from a country where
culture plays a very visible part and I felt something similar in Italy.Even if you arrive in Italy with
a closed mind，over time the country will win you over because you can’t help but fall in love
with it.
1．Why does the author always want to visit Puglia?
A．It’s where she was born.
B．It’s a famous tourist site.
C．She is interested in Roman culture.
D．She has heard of it for long.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中“After talking about it for years，I finally got to visit Puglia
in 2021.”和第二段中“I have heard about this place ever since I got married.I ended up visiting
it six years after being married.”可推知，作者一直想去Puglia的原因是她很久之前就听说了
这个地方。故选D。2．How did the author feel after visiting the south of Italy?
A．Curious. B．Proud.
C．Amazed. D．Disappointed.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Anyway，I was all set to have a very ‘average’
experience in the south of Italy in every sense but I was in for a surprise.”和“I didn’t expect to
love it so much.”可知，作者在游览了意大利南部后，感到很惊喜，故选C。
3．What impressed the author most about Italy?
A．Its culture.
B．Its architecture.
C．Its scenery.
D．Its geographical location.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If there’s one country that’s so culturally powerful
that everyone has to experience it at least once，it has got to be Italy.”可知，给作者印象最深的
是意大利的文化，故选A。
4．Where does this text probably come from?
A．A travel diary.
B．A science report.
C．A geography textbook.
D．An advertising brochure.
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了作者在游览意大利之后的感受，由此可
推知，文章可能选自一本旅行日记。故选A。
B
At a hotel，surrounded by teammates，he got the email.“Dear Spencer Heslop，” it
read，“you have been invited to participate in the Selection Camp for the US Men’s National
Team for 2022.”
The recent graduate from University of Michigan School of Public Health dreamed of the
opportunity to play for the United States since he was seven years old.After he developed a disease
that often results in damage to the spinal cord(脊髓) and nerves，Heslop’s parents pushed him to
try wheelchair basketball.
By high school，Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a competitive basketball team.The
experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports，which became his favorite.While he
was never the biggest or strongest player，Heslop had a feel for the game and a desire to take it
further.Faced with many challenges，he worked tirelessly to develop chair skills and conditioningthat made him more explosive.
“As I applied to graduate school，I knew I would play wherever I was planning to go，”
Heslop said.“University of Michigan was near the top of my list academically.I also heard that
they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going，and that helped me make my choice.”
University of Michigan Adaptive Sports and Fitness was formed in 2018 to address the inequitable
access to physical activity opportunities ， competitive and recreational ， for students with
disabilities at University of Michigan.
Since Heslop joined the program in 2020，University of Michigan’s wheelchair basketball
team became part of the NWBA’s Division Ⅱ.After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at the
NWBA Nationals in April 2022，Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection
Camp where he fought against 30 of the nation’s top athletes and made the final twelve-man
roster.This gave the recently graduated young man a better shot at his ultimate goal：playing for
his country in the Paralympic Games.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了潜心打轮椅篮球的 Spencer Heslop参加美国男子
国家队选拔营并成功进入最终候选名单。
5．What helped Heslop develop his passion for adaptive sports?
A．The unexpected disease at seven.
B．The email he received at a hotel.
C．The University of Michigan he dreamed of.
D．The experience in a wheelchair basketball team.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“By high school，Heslop played wheelchair basketball on a
competitive basketball team.The experience opened his eyes to the world of adaptive sports，
which became his favorite.”可知，让Heslop对适应性运动产生热情的是在轮椅篮球队的经历。
故选D。
6．Why did Heslop choose University of Michigan?
A．He accepted a large sum of scholarship.
B．He could join his favorite sports program.
C．He was promised a chance to play for the country.
D．He was invited to set up Adaptive Sports and Fitness.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段的“University of Michigan was near the top of my list
academically.I also heard that they were trying to get an adaptive sports program going，and that
helped me make my choice.”可知，Heslop选择密歇根大学是因为他可以参加他最喜欢的体
育项目。故选B。7．What is mainly talked about in the last paragraph?
A．Heslop’s achievements.
B．Heslop’s ultimate goal.
C．Heslop’s superior leadership.
D．Heslop’s bright future.
答案 A
解析 段落大意题。根据最后一段的“After leading the team to an 8th-place finish at...，
Heslop participated in the US Men’s National Team Selection Camp where he fought against
30...and made the final twelve-man roster.”可知，最后一段主要讨论了Heslop所取得的成就。
故选A。
8．Which can best describe Heslop?
A．Generous. B．Reliable.
C．Creative. D．Determined.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Faced with many challenges，he worked tirelessly to
develop chair skills and conditioning that made him more explosive.”可知，Heslop是有决心的，
故选D。
C
Researchers from The University of Queensland(UQ) have helped design a new app to protect
birds at risk of extinction across the world by eliminating language barriers among scientists.The
Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a “birds eye view”，ensuring vital
information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.
UQ’s Dr Pablo Negret said the research team analyzed more than 10,000 bird species，and
found that 1,587 species have 10 languages or more spoken within their distributions.“Scientific
information on species can be spread across different languages，but valuable information can go
missing or get lost in translation，” Dr Negret said.“Without enough sharing of information，
this can affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.”
Take the common bird Pochard for example.It is classified as vulnerable species(易危物种)
and crosses 108 countries in Europe，Asia and north Africa，where a total of 75 official languages
are spoken.The survival of the common Pochard，and so many other species，depends on
effective cooperation and policy agreements among people with diverse linguistic and cultural
backgrounds.
This app reveals where threatened and migratory birds exist geographically，in relation to the
language spoken in those regions.“We hope the app will encourage researchers and conservation
organisations to interact with their peers in other regions ，especially if they speak different
languages，and be a starting point to allow everyone to work together to protect threatenedspecies，” Dr Negret said.
Dr Tatsuya Amano，a researcher and the co-author of the paper，said this work could extend
further than bird species.“Any species，whether they’re mammals，amphibians(两栖动物)，
or plants，with a range crossing multiple countries will be impacted by language barriers，as well
as species that migrate across different countries，such as marine species and butterflies，” he
said.“The significance of the impact of poor communication on such an important issue is
evident，and is the reason why we’re working hard to improve science communication across
languages.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新型的应用程序，该程序被用来保护世界各
地濒临灭绝的鸟类。
9．What does the underlined word “eliminating” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Giving in to. B．Coming across.
C．Putting up with. D．Breaking down.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段中“The Bird Language Diversity web app will help provide a
‘birds eye view’，ensuring vital information is shared to improve worldwide conservation.”以
及第二段中“‘Scientific information on species can be spread across different languages，but
valuable information can go missing or get lost in translation，’ Dr Negret said.”可知，这款应
用程序通过打破科学家之间的语言障碍来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。 画线词
eliminating意为“打破”，与breaking down为同义词。故选D。
10．What is the function of adequate sharing of information?
A．Ensuring the effectiveness of protective measures.
B．Helping people know more about scientists’ efforts.
C．Spreading knowledge of the diversity of birds worldwide.
D．Compromising the effectiveness of conservation measures.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Without enough sharing of information，this can
affect the effectiveness of conservation measures.”可知，没有充分的信息共享可能会影响保护
措施的有效性。所以推断出充分的信息共享可以确保保护措施的有效性。故选A。
11．What is shown on the app?
A．The producer of the app.
B．The organizations involved.
C．The location of endangered birds.
D．The information of new geographers.答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“This app reveals where threatened and migratory birds
exist geographically，in relation to the language spoken in those regions.”可知，该应用程序显
示了受威胁的候鸟所在的地理位置，以及这些地区的语言。故选C。
12．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Birds Protection Is an Urgency
B．A New Bird App Spreads Its Wings
C．A New Bird App Helps Learn Languages
D．Poor Communication Impacts Cooperation
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段中“Researchers from The University of Queensland(UQ)have
helped design a new app to protect birds at risk of extinction across the world by eliminating
language barriers among scientists.”可知，本文主要介绍了一款新型的应用程序，该程序被
用来保护世界各地濒临灭绝的鸟类。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五★
I came to Russia to study in the winter of 2021.My university is located in Moscow，the
capital of Russia，which is a city with a long history.
The second I stepped out of the airport，I immediately felt how cold it was outside. 1
When I saw the main building of Moscow State University，I was deeply shocked by its beautiful
architecture with its 270-year-long history.Sensing how small I was in front of this splendid
building，I felt the crystallization(结晶) of human wisdom resonate within me.
2 The snow and ice won’t melt until April of the following year.Just like the melting
snow，I gradually overcame the difficulties of studying abroad and came to adjust to my new
environment.
The first challenge was the language barrier.After learning Russian in China，I realized that
my skills were nowhere near enough.I was not fluent in Russian ， sometimes causing
misunderstandings. 3 In Russia，everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking
the escalator(自动扶梯)，which takes time to get used to.
The artistic atmosphere in Russia is very strong，however. 4 Tickets for concerts and
cultural events here are relatively cheap，making it easy to enrich my life on weekends.
In a nutshell，living abroad means overcoming all kinds of difficulties.The experience will
always leave a colorful shade in our lives.Just as the old saying in Chinese goes，“It is better to
travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.” 5
A．Take a look at the outside world while you are young!
B．Obviously，the freezing climate does not agree with me.
C．The cultural differences were also hard to deal with at first.D．I can visit many of the attractions that I used to see in my textbooks.
E．And the buildings surrounding me looked so different from the ones in China.
F．Starting from early November each year，the snow season in Moscow is very long.
G．Thanks to the abundant activities I get to explore what I’ve learned in practical contexts.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在俄罗斯的留学经历，感受着异国他乡的文
化与习俗。
1．答案 E
解析 根据后文的“When I saw the main building of Moscow State University，I was deeply
shocked by its beautiful architecture with its 270-year-long history.”可知，此处强调的是教学楼
建筑物深深地震撼了作者，故前文应该与之呼应。E选项“And the buildings surrounding me
looked so different from the ones in China.”中的the buildings与后文呼应。故选E。
2．答案 F
解析 根据后文的“The snow and ice won’t melt until April of the following year.”可知，前
文应该强调的是莫斯科的下雪季。F选项“Starting from early November each year，the snow
season in Moscow is very long.”引起下文，下文解释了莫斯科雪季的时间。故选F。
3．答案 C
解析 根据后文“In Russia，everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking the
escalator(自动扶梯)，which takes time to get used to.”可知，此处强调的是中俄文化上的差异
需要作者花费时间来适应。C 选项“The cultural differences were also hard to deal with at
first.” 引起下文，强调了文化差异给作者带来的影响。故选C。
4．答案 D
解析 根据后文的“Tickets for concerts and cultural events here are relatively cheap，making it
easy to enrich my life on weekends.”可知，前文应该强调作者去参观景点，才能与此处的音
乐会和文化活动的门票相承接。D选项“I can visit many of the attractions that I used to see in
my textbooks.”中的attractions(景点)与下文景点的门票相对应，符合语境。故选D。
5．答案 A
解析 根据前文“Just as the old saying in Chinese goes，‘It is better to travel ten thousand
miles than to read ten thousand books.’”可知，此处强调的是多出去看世界的好处和意义。
故选A。
