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选择性必修第二册 Unit 1 Science and Scientists
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
He Zehui，a Chinese nuclear physicist，accomplished great things in physics and became an
outstanding scientist.
Her family is famous for producing three famous women scientists ，including her two
sisters.She graduated from Tsinghua University in 1936 with a degree in physics，and then went
on to study at the Technical University of Berlin ，where she was the top in her class ，
outperforming her future husband Qian Sanqiang—China’s “father of the atomic bomb”．In
1940，she earned a PhD in Engineering.
The couple made great discoveries in the field of uranium fission(铀核裂变)，which drew
global attention and earned them worldwide reputations ， also marking a milestone in the
development of China’s experimental fission physics.Many Western media called the couple the
“Marie Curie and Pierre Curie of China”．
As one of the pioneers in nuclear science and technology in China，Professor He contributed
a great deal to nuclear physics.During the 1950s，she started the research and development of
nuclear emulsions(核乳胶) in China and their research reached the advanced world level at that
time.She and her research group took the lead in building China’s first nuclear reactor and
accelerator.She was awarded the first Award of the National Prize of Natural Sciences for making
outstanding achievements in supporting the national program of nuclear weapon development.
Throughout her career，She conquered many obstacles，and was always on the front line of
China’s science-related work.She published dozens of papers yet placed little value on personal
fame.The world’s top physicists recognized her as a famous scientist，“Chinese Madame
Curie”．
She passed away in Beijing in 2011 at the age of 97，nearly 20 years after Qian Sanqiang.She
dedicated herself to science，living a simple life，always nurturing young researchers and
maintaining the highest standards that she had always valued.She loved her country and science；
to both she is now an icon.
1．What is the focus of paragraph 2 about He Zehui?
A．Identity background. B．Character personalities.
C．Education experiences. D．Profession competence.
2．What do we know about Qian Sanqiang?
A．He died following his wife in 1991. B．He won the National Prize of Natural Sciences.
C．He assisted He Zehui to develop fission physics. D．He is also a remarkable Chinesescientist.
3．Why is He Zehui acknowledged as “Marie Curie of China”？
A．For her great contributions to nuclear physics. B．For her accomplishment in the atomic
bomb.
C．For her continuous achievement in natural science. D ．For her research of nuclear
emulsions.
4．How can we fittingly describe He Zehui?
A．Ambitious，talented，conservative and determined.
B．Unselfish，patriotic，indifferent to fame and devoted to science.
C．Aggressive，imaginative，strong in mind and kind in heart.
D．Knowledgeable，awesome，creative and sociable.
B(★)
As winter arrives，the problem of fogged-up car windscreens becomes more pressing for
drivers.Anti-misting sprays(喷雾剂) are one way to deal with such fogging.But they need frequent
reapplication.Another approach is to fix within the thing to be demisted a set of electrically
powered heating wires.But because of the visual distraction(分心) created，that doesn’t work for
a car’s front windscreen.
Iran Hachler and Dimos Poulikakos of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich
have，however，come up with another way of warming something up to stop fog forming.Their
new material is a coating ten nanometres(纳米) thick.It is flexible，easily made using existing
processes，and can be applied as a coating to glass or plastic，or inset inside such materials.Its
demisting properties are powered by sunlight.
In effect，it is a gold sandwich.The “bread” of this sandwich is a pair of layers(层)，top
and bottom，of a chemical material，each three nanometres thick.The filling is a four-nanometre
deep golden material.The whole structure lets visible light pass unlimited ，while absorbing
invisible lights and transforming them into heat.It is the filling that warms the glass.Gold acts as a
medium in the heating process.The network will now absorb heat if left in the sunshine.The top and
bottom layers boost that absorption.
Glass coated with Mr Hachler’s and Dr Poulikakos’s invention is，they claim，four times
more effective at preventing fog than an uncounted surface.It absorbs around 30% of solar radiation
incident upon it which，on a sunny day，increases the temperature of what it is applied to by
around 8℃.On a cloudy day，that temperature rise is closer to 3－4℃.But in either case the
enhancement is sufficient both to remove any fog that has formed and to prevent new fog forming.
The next step，Mr Hachler says，is to find the product’s best market.Even though gold is
used，the cost of adding this extra one is low.For the two inventors，though，the idea might
prove a gold mine.5．What is the disadvantage of anti-misting sprays?
A．They have no lasting effect.
B．They damage the windscreens.
C．They turn the drivers’ attention away.
D．They are constantly powered by electricity.
6．What is the function of the center layer?
A．To save up heat. B．To protect the gold.
C．To produce electricity. D．To heat the windscreens.
7．What can be inferred about the invention from paragraph 4?
A．It is useless on cloudy days.
B．It is unable to work at night.
C．Coated glass absorbs the visible lights.
D．Uncoated glass lowers the temperature by 8℃.
8．What does the author think of the new invention?
A．It is very costly. B．It hits the market well.
C．It is highly profitable. D．It needs further improvement.
Ⅱ.完形填空
One spring evening，I was incredibly worn after a long day of school.I wished for 1 but
I had to drag my heavy feet to the violin studio.
I was playing Moldau to Kate，my teacher.I simply couldn’t play with 2 ，
though.While I followed all the 3 on the sheet music，I still 4 to make music
describing spring with full-blown flowers sound like flowers dying bitter deaths.Kate 5
attentively and then frowned(皱眉)，asking me what the piece’s mood was.I stared at her， 6
.
Pulling out paper and a pencil，she asked，“Can you 7 an image of what you think a
typical day in the forest during spring would look like？” Hesitantly，I started to let my 8
fly.Soon a scenic forest full of life was 9 in my mind.
Minutes later，I completed my drawing.“Now，play the piece again with this 10
imagery in your mind，” Kate said.I closed my eyes and began to play，just as its theme was
introduced，with 11 expression I had never done before.
As I 12 the piece，there followed a short silence before Kate said，“That’s the best
playing I’ve ever heard from you.” Her eyes were shining.“Who knew painting out the
scenery would help you better 13 the music? Sometimes all we need is to use our creativity
and try different methods when facing difficulties.”
The 14 violin lesson taught me more than just music.I also learned a valuable 15
skill，which I applied to my daily life.
1．A.care B．relaxation C．freedom D．motivation2．A.courage B．concern C．wisdom D．emotion
3．A.numbers B．standards C．notes D．lines
4．A.failed B．desired C．managed D．offered
5．A.watched B．listened C．performed D．prayed
6．A.blankly B．angrily C．enviously D．gratefully
7．A.shoot B．evaluate C．sculpt D．draw
8．A.personality B．imagination C．ambition D．curiosity
9．A.pictured B．replaced C．identified D．explored
10．A.messy B．amusing C．vivid D．strange
11．A.common B．brief C．childish D．exceptional
12．A.wrapped up B．noted down C．reflected on D．set about
13．A.preserve B．spread C．interpret D．compose
14．A.inspiring B．confusing C．shameful D．adventurous
15．A.information-sorting B．problem-solving C．critical-thinking D．decision-making
Ⅲ.语法填空
About one year ago,24-year-old Alex Wong found himself struggling with his mental
health.With 1. (anxious)，he couldn’t fall asleep，especially at night.
“I would hole up in my room during the day and stay awake all night because I didn’t want
to interact 2. others and let them see me at my worst，” says Wong.
It was during this time that Wong 3. (feel) that he needed to find purpose and meaning
in his life，so he signed up to volunteer with ImpactHK，a charity that 4. (primary)
helps homeless people.
Wong took part in the group’s “kindness walks”，5. (walk) through
Tsim Sha Tsui to hand out food and other essential 6. (item) to homeless
people.Today，he volunteers 7. (lead) these walks once or twice a week.
“Doing this work makes me feel grateful for everything I have.My homeless friends may be
down on 8. (they) luck and have nothing，yet they’re content，and they’ve
helped me understand that I can be happy too，even when things aren’t going my way.I’ve also
developed strong bonds with my fellow volunteers，many of 9. I’ve become
close friends with.”
Wong says that he’s in 10. better emotional space these days.“Helping my
homeless friends has given my days new meaning and purpose and made me realize how good life
can be.”
