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专题 05 阅读七选五练习
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】阅读七选五之说明文类（最新模拟）
【题型二】阅读七选五之记叙文类（最新模拟）
【题型三】阅读七选五之议论文类（最新模拟）
02 重难创新练（阅读七选五创新题）
03 真题实战练
题型一 阅读七选五之说明文类
1.（2025·云南省曲靖市高三第一次质量检测）
Cultivating good practices and integrating them into your daily routine can make you a far more dynamic,
efficient, and productive writer. In fact, making a few small adjustments can make all the difference.
Write Every Day
Try to write every day without fail. 1 Depending on your schedule and other commitments, an
hour a day five or six days a week would be a good starting point. If your time is especially limited, try to organize
your thoughts and develop an idea of what you want to write beforehand so it saves “thinking” time when the
opportunity comes to sit down at the computer.
2
This means filing away everything you write in a logical order so you can easily find it again later, and
regularly backing up your files to avoid losing anything. Make to-do lists so you don’t forget anything important,
prioritize time-sensitive projects, and keep detailed records of everything you submit.
Create Clear Goals3 Put forward a strategy that will give you the best chance of getting there. One inescapable
commitment is word count. You should always aim to work smarter, not harder, but as a writer, you won’t get very
far if you don’t write.
Read Widely
Try to set aside a reading period — half an hour immediately before you go to sleep, for example — and
stick to it. Don’t just read your favorite types, but read everything you can get your hands on. Study the various
techniques and styles you come across. 4 You can learn just as much from bad writing as you can from
good writing.
Keep Records
Life is happening all around you, so document as much of it as you can. You never know when inspiration
will strike. While a great many writers still prefer the old “pen and notepad” approach, you can just easily write
notes using an app on your smartphone or even email them to yourself. When you have an idea for a story, write it
down immediately. 5
A．Be Organized
B．Submit Files on Time
C．It doesn’t even have to be for long.
D．Don’t trust yourself to remember it later.
E．Make notes about what works and what doesn’t.
F．Think seriously about what you want to accomplish.
G．Good writing begins with a deep understanding of your subject.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高写作效率和生产力的几个建议。
1．上文提到“Try to write every day without fail.(尽量每天都要写作)”，强调了每天写作的重要性；C选项
“It doesn't even have to be for long.(甚至不需要很长时。)”进一步说明，即使每天写作的时间不长，也是有
益的，与上文形成补充，鼓励人们即使时间有限也要坚持写作，符合语境。故选C。
2．此空为段落标题。根据下文“This means filing away everything you write in a logical order so you can
easily find it again later, and regularly backing up your files to avoid losing anything.(这意味着你要把你写的所
有东西都按逻辑顺序归档，这样你以后就能很容易地再次找到它们，并定期备份你的文件以避免丢失任何
东西)”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持写作内容的条理性，A选项“Be Organized(有条理)”能够准确概括本段
大意，适合作为段落标题。故选A。3．下文“Put forward a strategy that will give you the best chance of getting there.(提出一个能给你最大成功机
会的策略)”提到了要制定策略来实现目标，F选项“Think seriously about what you want to accomplish.(认真
思考你想实现什么目标)”则强调了设定明确目标的重要性，是提出策略的前提，符合题意。故选F。
4．上文“Study the various techniques and styles you come across.(研究你遇到的各种技巧和风格)”提到要学
习不同的写作技巧和风格；E选项“Make notes about what works and what doesn't.(记录下哪些有效，哪些无
效)”则进一步说明，在学习过程中要做笔记，总结经验和教训，符合语境。故选E。
5．上文“When you have an idea for a story, write it down immediately.(当你有了一个故事的想法时，立即写
下来)”强调了有灵感时要立即记录；D选项“Don't trust yourself to remember it later.(不要指望自己以后能记
住)”则是对上文的补充，提醒人们不要依赖记忆力，要立即行动，符合题意。故选D。
2. （2025·新疆乌鲁木齐地区高三第一次质量监测）
Tips for Setting Boundaries
We’ve all been there: Sometimes you know that you need to decline someone’s request, but somehow, in the
end, you reluctantly agree to take on an additional responsibility. 6 If you experience difficulties with
setting boundaries, don’t lose hope. Here are ways to sharpen this tool.
Care how you feel.
7 You can feel them throughout your body. When someone approaches you with a request, pay
attention to your body’s response. It tells you how to respond before you even say a word. For example, as they
speak, you might feel muscle tension. This is a signal from your body to say no.
Don’t delay giving your response.
When someone approaches you with a request, a common strategy is to buy time. By doing this, you secretly
hope that they will miraculously forget the request, and that you will be off the hook. However, this strategy does
not work. Not resolving the matter in real time allows emotional forces such as guilt to influence you. 8
Don’t overexplain yourself.
In an effort to cope with difficult emotions such as guilt, you tend to overshare the reasons for saying no.
However, the more information you share, the more likely you are to be persuaded into saying yes. By sharing
information, you are only providing someone with the opportunity to build a case for overriding your boundaries.
9 You can be kind and direct when setting boundaries.
10
It can take time to become expert in any skill. The same holds true with setting boundaries. At first, setting
boundaries can feel uncomfortable. You may struggle for words or not sound convincing, but over time, it getseasier. Remember that not setting boundaries is also hard. Constantly walking on eggshells for fear of upsetting
people is an exhausting way to live.
A．Set boundaries often.
B．Don’t be afraid of explaining.
C．Emotions are not just in your head.
D．The reason is that you lack firm boundaries.
E．When saying no, you should keep it short and sweet.
F．As a result, a delayed no may turn into a reluctant yes.
G．Setting the mental boundary lets you play multiple roles at home.
【答案】6．D 7．C 8．F 9．E 10．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何设定界限的几个方法。
6．由上文“We’ve all been there: Sometimes you know that you need to decline someone’s request, but somehow,
in the end, you reluctantly agree to take on an additional responsibility. (我们都经历过：有时你知道你需要拒绝
别人的请求，但不知何故，最终你不情愿地同意承担额外的责任)”，再结合下文“Here are ways to sharpen
this tool. (这里有一些方法可以磨砺这个工具。)”和小标题“Care how you feel. (关心你的感受)”，“Don’t
delay giving your response. (不要拖延回应)”，“Don’t overexplain yourself. (不要过度解释自己)”介绍设定
界限的方法，可知该空内容与你为什么没办法拒绝别人的请求相关，且原因与设定界限有关，D选项“原
因是你缺乏明确的界限。”切合语境。故选D项。
7．由小标题“Care how you feel. (关心你的感受)”和下文“You can feel them throughout your body. When
someone approaches you with a request, pay attention to your body’s response. (你可以感觉到它们遍布全身。当
有人向你提出请求时，注意你身体的反应)”可知，“them”指代某些情绪情感，C选项“情绪不仅存在于你
的脑海中。”引出下文关于身体感知情绪的内容，表明情绪不仅是心理上的，身体也会有相应的反应，切
合语境。故选C项。
8．由小标题“Don’t delay giving your response. (不要拖延回应)”和上文“When someone approaches you
with a request, a common strategy is to buy time. By doing this, you secretly hope that they will miraculously
forget the request, and that you will be off the hook. However, this strategy does not work. Not resolving the matter
in real time allows emotional forces such as guilt to influence you. (当有人向你提出请求时，一个常见的策略是
争取时间。通过这样做，你暗自希望他们会奇迹般地忘记这个请求，而你会摆脱困境。然而，这种策略并
不奏效。不实时解决问题会让内疚等情绪力量影响你)”可知，作者建议不要拖延回应，要实时解决问题，
然而人们总是拖延回应以至于会让内疚等情绪力量影响自己，该空应承接上文继续讲拖延回应会带来的不良后果，F选项“因此，拖延的‘不’可能会变成不情愿的‘是’。”切合语境。故选F项。
9．由小标题“Don’t overexplain yourself. (不要过度解释自己)”，上文“In an effort to cope with difficult
emotions such as guilt, you tend to overshare the reasons for saying no. However, the more information you share,
the more likely you are to be persuaded into saying yes. (为了应对内疚等困难情绪，你往往会掩盖拒绝的原因。
然而，你分享的信息越多，就越有可能被说服说“是”)”和下文“You can be kind and direct when setting
boundaries. (在设定界限时，你可以善良而直接)”可知，作者建议拒绝不要过多解释，解释越多，别人越不
能接受你拒绝的原因，且拒绝时可以善良而直接，E选项“说‘不’时，你应该简短而甜蜜。”切合语境。
故选E项。
10．该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“It can take time to become expert in any skill. The same holds
true with setting boundaries. At first, setting boundaries can feel uncomfortable. You may struggle for words or not
sound convincing, but over time, it gets easier. (成为任何技能的专家都需要时间。设定界限也是如此。起初，
设定界限可能会让人感到不舒服。你可能很难用词，或者听起来不太有说服力，但随着时间的推移，这会
变得更容易)”可知，下文提到设置界限需要时间和练习，A选项“经常设定界限。”切合语境。故选A项。
3.（2025·贵州省毕节市高三第一次诊断性测试）
Life throws challenging situations on our way from time to time. Persevering through challenges can be
difficult and will test our strength and resilience (复原力). Thankfully, there are ways to help us make it easier!
Try to remain calm.
1 It will make us lose control of our emotions, leading to poor decision-making. When challenges arise,
it is helpful to take a step back, observe the situation without letting emotions control us, and then act. Once we are
calm, we can better analyze the situation and carry out a plan of action.
Accept what is happening.
When life gets challenging, it is often beyond our control. In this case, what we should do is to accept the
situation and do whatever is in our control to grow from it. 2 That’s to say, we need learn from the
situation and forgive ourselves. Once we are able to accept the situation and let go, we will be able to move forward
and think clearly about the next steps. 3
When we are faced with stressful situations, it is common to think the worst scenario (设想) will happen. It can be
difficult for us to take a step back and recognize that things will not be this way forever. Instead, keeping a balanced
attitude can help us to change our mindset. 4
Seek support.
Seeking support, whether it is from a friend, family member, or a professional, is never a sign of weakness.5 It can provide emotional support and a new perspective on the situation. Most importantly, it can help us
brainstorm possible solutions, so that we can face the challenge better.
A．Adopt a balanced attitude.
B．Focus on the positive aspects.
C．It is important to acknowledge mistakes.
D．Acceptance also includes accepting ourselves.
E．Turning to someone for help has many benefits.
F．When challenging events happen, we may feel panic.
G．It can also help us address negative thoughts and challenges.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在面对挑战时可以提供帮助的一些方法。
1．上文“Try to remain calm. (尽量保持冷静)”说明本段介绍面对挑战时要保持冷静，以及下文“It will
make us lose control of our emotions, leading to poor decision-making.(这会让我们失去对情绪的控制，导致决
策失误)”说明空处介绍的情况会导致我们失去对情绪的控制，F项“当挑战性事件发生时，我们可能会感
到恐慌。”引出下文的后果，与保持冷静形成对比。故选F。
2．上文“Accept what is happening.(接受正在发生的事情)”以及“When life gets challenging, it is often beyond
our control. In this case, what we should do is to accept the situation and do whatever is in our control to grow from
it.(当生活变得充满挑战时，它往往超出了我们的控制范围。在这种情况下，我们应该做的就是接受这种情
况，并尽我们所能从中成长)”说明本段强调接受当下的重要性，下文“That’s to say, we need learn from the
situation and forgive ourselves.(也就是说，我们需要从这种情况中吸取教训，原谅自己)”说明我们要原谅自
己，D项“接受也包括接受自己。”承接上文，并引出下文，进一步补充说明接受的范围，符合题意。故
选D。
3．下文“When we are faced with stressful situations, it is common to think the worst scenario (设想) will
happen. It can be difficult for us to take a step back and recognize that things will not be this way forever. Instead,
keeping a balanced attitude can help us to change our mindset. (当我们面临压力时，通常会认为最糟糕的设想
会发生。我们很难退一步，认识到事情不会永远这样。相反，保持平衡的态度可以帮助我们改变心态)”说
明要保持平衡态度的重要性。A项“采取平衡的态度。”与本段中心吻合，适合作为段落主题句。故选
A。
4．上文“Instead, keeping a balanced attitude can help us to change our mindset.(相反，保持平衡的态度可以帮
助我们改变心态)”说明保持平衡态度的作用，G项“它还可以帮助我们应对负面想法和挑战。”与上文并列，继续说明保持平衡态度的益处，符合题意。故选G。
5．根据上文“Seeking support, whether it is from a friend, family member, or a professional, is never a sign of
weakness.(寻求支持，无论是来自朋友、家人还是专业人士，从来都不是软弱的表现)”和下文“It can
provide emotional support and a new perspective on the situation. Most importantly, it can help us brainstorm
possible solutions, so that we can face the challenge better.(它可以提供情感支持和对情况的新视角。最重要的
是，它可以帮助我们集思广益，找到可能的解决方案，以便我们更好地应对挑战)”可知，向他人救助有很
多好处，E项“向他人求助有很多好处”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
4.（2025·山东省日照市高三校际联合考试）
In recent years, outdoor sports have become increasingly popular. According to the General Administration
of Sport, over 400 million participations in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with those born in the
1980s and 1990s leading the trend. 1 This has led some to associate outdoor sports with heightened risks.
Driven by the desire to share “brave explorer” moments online or a “come all the way up here” mindset,
many beginners to outdoor adventure without proper preparation. In reality, outdoor activities can be dangerous
without adequate skills and risk awareness. Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温)
when hiking to high altitudes, get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms. 2
So, how can we make outdoor sports safer? 3 Before heading out, research the environment, climate,
and seasonal conditions to choose a safe route and avoid risky or hard-to-access spots. Always check the weather
forecast and prepare proper plans. Knowing the trail’s elevation, difficulty level, supply points and emergency
stations is crucial, and planning alternative escape routes can be life-saving. 4 Layered clothing is essential
to adapt to changing weather conditions. Follow the principle of “remove layers when warm, add layers when cold
and change clothes when wet”. This includes moisture-wicking (吸湿排汗的) inner layers, insulating (绝缘的)
mid-layers and waterproof outer layers to stay warm and dry.
5 Remember to tell friends or family about your route and estimated return time so they can assist if
needed. With proper preparation and safety measures, these adventures can be both exciting and rewarding.
A．Having the right equipment is equally important.
B．On the whole, outdoor sports should not be a risky game.
C．A well-thought-out plan and thorough preparation are vital.
D．All in all, outdoor sports can bring great fun and knowledge.
E．However, the rise in accidents has cast a shadow on this enthusiasm.
F．These incidents highlight that outdoor sports are far more than a simple trip.G．They often lack the necessary equipment and awareness to ensure their safety.
【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了户外运动的流行、存在的风险及如何确保户外运动安全的方
法。
1．由上文“In recent years, outdoor sports have become increasingly popular. According to the General
Administration of Sport, over 400 million participations in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with
those born in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. (近年来，户外运动越来越受欢迎。根据国家体育总局的
数据，全国有超过4亿人参加户外活动，其中20世纪80年代和90年代出生的人引领了这一趋势。)”和下
文“This has led some to associate outdoor sports with heightened risks. (这导致一些人将户外运动与更高的风
险联系起来。)”可知，上文提到了户外运动越来越受欢迎，且主要是80后和90后在引领这一潮流，但下
文提到一些人认为户外运动风险更高，本空应说明户外运动存在一些风险。E选项“However, the rise in
accidents has cast a shadow on this enthusiasm. (然而，事故的增加给这种热情蒙上了阴影。)”中的However
表示转折，指出户外运动虽然受欢迎但是事故的增加给这一趋势带来了负面影响，能承上启下，符合题意。
故选E。
2．由上文“Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温) when hiking to high altitudes,
get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms. (忽视潜在危险的初学者在高海拔徒步旅行时可能会面临失温，
在森林中迷路，或在雷雨中被困。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是忽视户外运动危险的后果，本空应总结上文，
指明户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行。F选项“These incidents highlight that outdoor sports are far more
than a simple trip. (这些事件表明，户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行。)”中的these incidents指的就是上文
提到的忽视潜在危险可能导致的后果，且该选项指出户外运动不仅仅是简单的旅行，强调了户外运动的风
险和挑战性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
3．由上文“So, how can we make outdoor sports safer? (那么，我们怎样才能让户外运动更安全呢？)”可知，
本句是在提出问题，询问如何让户外运动更安全，本空应对该问题作出回答，C选项“A well-thought-out
plan and thorough preparation are vital. (一个周密的计划和充分的准备至关重要。)”给出了问题的答案，即制
定周密的计划和做好充分的准备，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
4．由上文“Knowing the trail’s elevation, difficulty level, supply points and emergency stations is crucial, and
planning alternative escape routes can be life-saving. (了解小径的海拔、难度等级、补给点和急救站至关重要，
规划备用逃生路线可以救命。)”和下文“Layered clothing is essential to adapt to changing weather conditions.
(分层穿衣对于适应不断变化的天气条件至关重要。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是户外运动前的准备工作，下
文介绍穿衣的注意事项，本空应强调准备合适的装备，A选项“Having the right equipment is equallyimportant. (拥有合适的装备同样重要。)”中的equipment与下文的clothing相呼应，都是户外运动前需要准
备的东西，能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
5．由下文“Remember to tell friends or family about your route and estimated return time so they can assist if
needed. (记得告诉你的朋友或家人你的路线和预计返回时间，以便他们在你需要时提供帮助。)”可知，本段
主要讲述的是户外运动时的安全措施，即告诉别人你的路线和预计返回时间，本空应强调其危险性，以便
引出下文的安全措施，B选项“On the whole, outdoor sports should not be a risky game. (总的来说，户外运动
不应该是一场危险的游戏。)”点明了本段的主题，即户外运动不应该危险，要做好安全措施，符合题意。
且on the whole“总的来说”置于文章末端段首，可概括本段内容，符合段落写作特点。故选B。
5.（2025·河北省邢台市高三期末）
In the digital age, people take many measures to protect their privacy online. 1 Your valuable
information, browsing(浏览) history, and passwords can be easily got by others. Although governments around the
world are taking steps to improve the situation, it's still largely up to individuals to try to preserve their privacy
online. Here are some useful ways to protect your online privacy.
Use strong codes(密码). A long and complicated code that combines special characters can be the first step
towards securing yourself online. It is recommended that you should not use the same code in different social
media. 2
Install (安装) a private network. Installing a private network is necessary for those who are fond of using
public Wi-Fi. 3 If a person manages to hack your device or your connection, they cannot steal anything, as
all your information will be unreadable.
4 The less information you expose to others, the smaller your digital footprint and the less data
criminals can collect, expose, and use against you. Don’t share your personal information on social media platforms
and chat apps. Avoid posting about vacations, family member names, car and banking information, schools you
attended, or your birthday.
Update social media privacy settings. It has been found that some companies are in partnership with social
media platforms to exchange revenue (收益) with personal information. 5 You can update your social
media privacy settings so that only permitted friends can view your posts, photos, and other information.
A．Share as little as possible.
B．However, some of them are of little use.
C．Don’t share your privacy with your friends.
D．However, the power to share personal data is in your hands.E．Also, try to keep your passwords secret and change them regularly.
F．A private network can make sure that no one can see what you’re doing online.
G．Many people connect their personal social media accounts to third-party apps.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍在数字时代人们虽采取措施保护网络隐私，但仍有信息泄露风险，同
时给出一些保护隐私的方法。
1．由上文“In the digital age, people take many measures to protect their privacy online.(在数字时代，人们采
取了许多措施来保护他们的网络隐私。)”以及下文“Your valuable information, browsing history, and
passwords can be easily got by others.(你的有价值的信息、浏览历史和密码很容易被他人获取。)”可知，这里
表明人们虽然采取了措施，但效果并不理想。而B项However, some of them are of little use.(然而，其中一
些措施几乎没有什么用处。)符合语境，其中However表示转折，some of them指代上文提到的many
measures，很好地衔接了上下文，说明措施效果不佳的情况。故选B项。
2．由上文“It is recommended that you should not use the same code in different social media.(建议你不要在不
同的社交媒体上使用相同的密码。)”可知，这是关于密码使用的一个建议。而E项Also, try to keep your
passwords secret and change them regularly.(此外，尽量对密码保密并定期更改密码。)符合语境，其中Also
表示递进关系，进一步给出了关于密码保护的其他建议，与上文关于密码使用的话题紧密相连。故选E项。
3．由上文“Installing a private network is necessary for those who are fond of using public Wi-Fi.(对于那些喜欢
使用公共 Wi-Fi 的人来说，安装一个私人网络是必要的。)”可知，这里强调了安装私人网络对于使用公共
Wi-Fi 人群的必要性。由下文“If a person manages to hack your device or your connection, they cannot steal
anything, as all your information will be unreadable.(如果有人试图破解你的设备或连接，他们无法窃取任何东
西，因为你的所有信息都将无法读取。)”可知，这里讲私人网络的安全性，而F项A private network can
make sure that no one can see what you’re doing online.(一个私人网络可以确保没有人能看到你在网上做什
么。)解释了私人网络的作用，承接了上文安装私人网络的必要性，同时引出了下文关于私人网络安全性的
进一步说明，符合语境。故选F项。
4．由下文“The less information you expose to others, the smaller your digital footprint and the less data
criminals can collect, expose, and use against you. Don’t share your personal information on social media platforms
and chat apps. Avoid posting about vacations, family member names, car and banking information, schools you
attended, or your birthday.(你向他人暴露的信息越少，你的数字足迹就越小，犯罪分子能够收集、暴露和利
用来对付你的数据也就越少。不要在社交媒体平台和聊天应用程序上分享你的个人信息。避免发布关于度
假、家庭成员姓名、汽车和银行信息、你就读的学校或你的生日的信息。)”可知，整段内容都在围绕减少个人信息的分享展开。而A项Share as little as possible.(尽可能少地分享。)作为该段的主题句，准确地概括
了段落的核心内容。故选A项。
5．由上文“It has been found that some companies are in partnership with social media platforms to exchange
revenue with personal information.(人们发现，一些公司与社交媒体平台合作，用个人信息来交换收益。)”可
知，这里说明存在个人信息被公司利用的情况。再由下文“You can update your social media privacy settings
so that only permitted friends can view your posts, photos, and other information.(你可以更新你的社交媒体隐私
设置，以便只有被允许的朋友才能查看你的帖子、照片和其他信息。)”可知，这里建议进行隐私设置。而
D项However, the power to share personal data is in your hands.(然而，分享个人数据的权力在你手中。)符合
语境，其中However表示转折，指出尽管存在公司利用个人信息的情况，但个人仍然拥有控制信息分享的
权力，很好地连接了上下文。故选D项。
6.（2025·辽宁省大连市高三期末双基考试）
Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has
been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be
unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable. 1
Show you care
Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the
conversation if possible. 2 “Good eye contact and relaxed non-verbal cues, such as leaning forward
slightly, nodding and using appropriate facial expressions that convey warmth and empathy can put the person at
ease. Acknowledging their feelings through statements helps people feel heard,” Ruth continues.
Ask what they need
Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can
support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience. Ruth says, “ 3 ”
4
Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like “ 5 ” This can
invalidate (驳斥) their feelings and experiences. Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice,
or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a
barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make
the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.
A．It could have been worse.
B．It is the worst news I’ve heard.C．Try not to minimize or make it about you.
D．Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.
E．Listening is more powerful than comforting words.
F．Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.
G．Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.
【答案】1．F 2．D 3．G 4．C 5．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了当有人与你分享他们的坏消息时，你应该如何做，给出了一些具
体的建议，如表现出关心、询问对方需要什么、尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上等。
1．设空位于首段段尾，应是起到点明本文主题，引出下文的作用，根据前文“Whether a friend has broken
up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health
condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or
feel awkward and uncomfortable.(不管是朋友和长期伴侣分手了，同事失业了，还是爱人被诊断出患有疾病，
总有一些时候人们会和我们分享不幸的消息。我们可能不确定如何最好地帮助或感到尴尬和不舒服)”可知，
本文主题，应是有人和你分享不幸的消息时如何处理，所以F项“Here, we look at what to do when someone
shares their difficult news with you.(在这里，我们来看看当有人和你分享他们艰难的消息时该怎么做)”符合
文意，承接上文，点明主题。故选F项。
2．根据前文“Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to
have the conversation if possible.(石溪大学的心理学家鲁斯建议，如果可能的话，尽量找一个安静的地方进
行对话)”可知，D项“Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.(避免看手机或其他让人分心的东西)”
是对前文的进一步说明，符合文意。故选D项。
3．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they
want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share
their experience.(有时人们需要发泄，有时他们需要解决方案，所以最好问问你如何支持他们。看看他们是
需要建议还是只是分享他们的经验)”可知，本段主要讲述可以询问对方的需求，所以G项“Asking can
offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.(当他们感到不知所措时，询问可以给他们
一种被倾听的感觉)”是对前文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G项。
4．设空为本段小标题，根据后文“Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing
the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of
possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person
feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.(鲁斯还建议，尽量避免主动提供未经请求的建议，或者在对方还没准备好之前就催促他们解决问题。她说：“他们可能已
经不知所措，而在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，一大堆可能性和解决方案可能会让他们觉得无助，并
感觉自己没有被倾听。”鲁斯补充道：“尽量不要让自己成为谈话的焦点。”)”可知，本段主要讲述不要
在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，给出一大堆可能性和解决方案，或把话题引到自己身上。所以C项
“Try not to minimize or make it about you.(尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上)”符合本段主题，为本
段小标题。故选C项。
5．根据前文“Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like(我们无意中倾向
于低估别人的经历，比如)”可知，空处应是针对低估别人的经历这件事，进行举例，所以A项“It could
have been worse.(本来可能更糟)”符合此处主题，是对前文的举例。故选A项。
7.（2025·湖北省部分重点中学高三第二次联考）
If you are a perfectionist, you follow high standards and always try to do everything well. 1
Researchers find pursuing perfection can have serious effects on mental health.
In a 2016 study, researchers studied the relationship between perfectionism and depression over time. 2
Although people may believe that their perfectionism contributes to their success, it seems to be harmful to their
mental health.
Is perfectionism always harmful? 3 Some suggest the possibility of adaptive perfectionism, where
people stick to high standards without self-criticism of their own mistakes. However, others believe that
perfectionism is not adaptive and they don’t think it is beneficial.
So what can perfectionists do to change their behavior? Psychologists point out that giving up on perfection
does not necessarily mean less success. 4 A possible alternative to perfectionism is what psychologists call
a growth mindset. Unlike those with a fixed mindset, those with a growth mindset believe that they can improve
their abilities by learning from their mistakes.
5 To understand self-sympathy, think about how you would respond to a close friend if they made a
mistake. It is likely that you will respond with kindness and understanding, knowing that your friend is doing it out
of good intentions.
A．Another is to cultivate sympathy for oneself.
B．Psychologists have heated debates over this issue.
C．In the long run, accepting imperfection can actually help.
D．Perfectionism can be beneficial in some certain situations.
E．High standards are one thing, but perfectionism is another.F．The key to overcoming perfectionism is to avoid it at all cost.
G．They found high levels of perfectionism often increased depression.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．B 4．C 5．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了完美主义者的特点以及给人带来的影响。
1．根据上文“If you are a perfectionist, you follow high standards and always try to do everything well.(如果你
是一个完美主义者，你遵循高标准，总是试图把每件事都做好)”以及后文“Researchers find pursuing
perfection can have serious effects on mental health. (研究人员发现追求完美会对心理健康产生严重影响)”可知，
上文提到完美主义者遵循高标准，本句为过渡句，指出高标准和完美主义之间存在区别，E选项中High
standards对应上文high standards。故E选项“高标准是一回事，完美主义是另一回事”符合语境，故选
E。
2．根据上文“In a 2016 study, researchers studied the relationship between perfectionism and depression over
time.(在2016年的一项研究中，研究人员研究了完美主义与抑郁之间的关系)”可知，本句承接上文，说明
完美主义和抑郁之间的关系是怎样的。故G选项“他们发现高度的完美主义往往会增加抑郁”符合语境，
故选G。
3．根据上文“Is perfectionism always harmful?(完美主义总是有害的吗？)”以及后文“Some suggest the
possibility of adaptive perfectionism, where people stick to high standards without self-criticism of their own
mistakes. However, others believe that perfectionism is not adaptive and they don’t think it is beneficial.(一些人提
出了适应性完美主义的可能性，即人们坚持高标准，而不对自己的错误进行自我批评。然而，其他人认为
完美主义是不适应的，他们不认为它是有益的)”可知，后文主要说明了人们对上文的问题有不同的看法，
即发生了争论。故B选项“心理学家对这个问题进行了激烈的争论”符合语境，故选B。
4．根据上文“So what can perfectionists do to change their behavior? Psychologists point out that giving up on
perfection does not necessarily mean less success.(那么完美主义者能做些什么来改变他们的行为呢？心理学家
指出，放弃追求完美并不意味着更少的成功)”以及后文“A possible alternative to perfectionism is what
psychologists call a growth mindset. Unlike those with a fixed mindset, those with a growth mindset believe that
they can improve their abilities by learning from their mistakes.(完美主义的另一种可能选择是心理学家所说的
成长型心态。与固定心态的人不同，成长心态的人相信他们可以通过从错误中学习来提高自己的能力)”可
知，本句承接上文，具体说明应该如何改变完美主义。故C选项“从长远来看，接受不完美实际上是有帮
助的”符合语境，故选C。
5．根据后文“To understand self-sympathy, think about how you would respond to a close friend if they made a
mistake. It is likely that you will respond with kindness and understanding, knowing that your friend is doing it outof good intentions.(为了理解自我同情，想想如果一个亲密的朋友犯了错误，你会如何回应。你很可能会以
善意和理解回应，因为你知道你的朋友这样做是出于好意)”可知，后文提到了要自我同情，A选项
sympathy for oneself对应后文self-sympathy。故A选项“另一个是培养对自己的同情”符合语境，故选
A。
8.（2025·山东省济宁市高三期末）
It’s no secret that artificial intelligence is changing the way we work. With more and more simpler tasks
being automated, humans are left with more high-level cognitive work, such as idea generation, strategic planning,
and creative writing. 1
The problem is that we still follow a mindset that resembles the era of assembly (组装) lines, which doesn’t
foster or facilitate the type of work needed today. Leaders constantly measured productivity in terms of how many
hours an employee spent at work or the number of abstract targets they reached. 2 This type of output
doesn’t fit in the era of AI. Instead, we have to make a psychological switch, structuring each workday for quality
instead of quantity.
Start by kicking the old method of continuous work throughout the day. Research shows that continuous
work impairs creative idea generation and high quality, complex cognitive work. 3 It’s recommended
that using work sessions that are about 90 minutes long, attacking the hardest part of the task in the first 20 minutes
and moving to the slower, easier work during the remaining time.
4 Therefore, managers should consider the principal area that a team or individual is working on
rather than imposing the same work schedule across a team or an organization. Data suggests that it’s better to work
on tasks that involve creativity, imagination, and problem solving during the first few hours of the day and again
right before you go to sleep. 5 In between the focused work sessions, make time for a nap or for easy
work that doesn’t require much creativity or focus.
A．That’s because people tend to overwork.
B．The time of day will also make a difference.
C．As a result, quantity of work was prioritized.
D．To excel in the new era, we’ll need to transform how we work.
E．With every new technology comes fear and then new opportunity.
F．Because of that, it’s better to work in bursts, giving the mind a rest.
G．The middle of the day is better for something calling for concentration.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．F 4．B 5．G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何改变我们的工作方式来应对人工智能的影响。
1．根据上文“It’s no secret that artificial intelligence is changing the way we work. With more and more simpler
tasks being automated, humans are left with more high-level cognitive work, such as idea generation, strategic
planning, and creative writing.(人工智能正在改变我们的工作方式，这已经不是什么秘密。随着越来越多简
单的任务被自动化，人类只能从事更高级的认知工作，比如创意产生、战略规划和创意写作)”可知，上文
提到人工智能在改变我们的工作方式，随着越来越多简单的任务被自动化，推测本句应说明人类应该如何
应对这种情况。故D选项“要在新时代脱颖而出，我们需要改变我们的工作方式”符合语境。故选D。
2．根据上文“Leaders constantly measured productivity in terms of how many hours an employee spent at work
or the number of abstract targets they reached.(领导者经常根据员工在工作中花费的时间或他们达到的抽象目
标的数量来衡量生产力)”以及后文“This type of output doesn’t fit in the era of AI. Instead, we have to make a
psychological switch, structuring each workday for quality instead of quantity. (这种类型的输出不适合人工智能
时代。相反，我们必须进行心理上的转换，以质量而不是数量来安排每个工作日)”可知，上文提到了领导
者通过花费的时间以及数量来衡量生产力，本句与上文构成因果关系，总结领导者优先考虑的工作数量。
故C选项“因此，工作的数量被优先考虑”符合语境。故选C。
3．根据上文“Start by kicking the old method of continuous work throughout the day. Research shows that
continuous work impairs creative idea generation and high quality, complex cognitive work.(从摒弃整天连续工作
的旧方法开始。研究表明，持续的工作损害了创造性想法的产生和高质量、复杂的认知工作)”以及后文
“It’s recommended that using work sessions that are about 90 minutes long, attacking the hardest part of the task
in the first 20 minutes and moving to the slower, easier work during the remaining time.(建议使用90分钟左右的
工作时间，在前20分钟内解决任务中最难的部分，然后在剩下的时间里转向较慢、较容易的工作)”可知，
本句与上文构成因果关系，指出应该集中精力工作，后文给出时间安排的建议。故F选项“正因为如此，
最好是集中精力工作，让大脑得到休息”符合语境。故选F。
4．根据后文“Therefore, managers should consider the principal area that a team or individual is working on
rather than imposing the same work schedule across a team or an organization. Data suggests that it’s better to work
on tasks that involve creativity, imagination, and problem solving during the first few hours of the day and again
right before you go to sleep.(因此，管理者应该考虑团队或个人工作的主要领域，而不是在整个团队或组织
中强加相同的工作时间表。数据表明，最好在一天的头几个小时和睡前做一些涉及创造力、想象力和解决
问题的工作)”可知，后文提到“最好在一天的头几个小时和睡前做一些涉及创造力、想象力和解决问题的
工作”，即工作的时间对效率产生影响。故B选项“一天中的时间也会有影响”符合语境。故选B。
5．根据上文“Data suggests that it’s better to work on tasks that involve creativity, imagination, and problemsolving during the first few hours of the day and again right before you go to sleep.(数据表明，最好在一天的头
几个小时和睡前做一些涉及创造力、想象力和解决问题的工作)”以及后文“In between the focused work
sessions, make time for a nap or for easy work that doesn’t require much creativity or focus.(在集中精力工作的间
隙，找时间打个盹，或者做一些不需要太多创造力和注意力的简单工作)”可知，上文提到了“在一天的头
几个小时和睡前做一些涉及创造力、想象力和解决问题的工作”，本句承接上文，说明其他时间段应该进
行什么样的工作。故G选项“中午是做需要集中注意力的事情的最佳时间”符合语境。故选G。
9.（2025·北京市东城区高三期末）
While compliments (赞扬) may seem simple, they can have a large impact on you and the people around
you, creating a ripple of positivity. However, giving compliments requires skills and knowledge.
Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern. 1 About two-thirds of
compliments in the US are made using just five adjectives: nice, good, beautiful, pretty, and great. In addition,
about 80% of compliments follow three formats. So if I liked a book you wrote and wanted to say something
positive about it, my compliment would probably follow one of these basic patterns: “Your book is great,” “I love
your book,” or “That is a terrific book.”
2 . For example, in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive
far more compliments than men. About three-quarters of women’s compliments to other women in an unstructured,
informal setting involve appearance. In a goal-oriented, formal setting, 68% of praise statements are about
performance. 3
Whether the compliment is effective depends on whether it is believable, appropriate, and unqualified. 4
If you tell me my hair looks good, I will dismiss it and suspect your motives, because I have little hair. More
generally, people with low self-esteem don’t usually receive compliments well. As researchers have shown, in
people with high self-esteem, a compliment stimulates parts of the brain responsible for self-referential thinking.
This occurs significantly less for people who have low self-esteem.
Even if a compliment agrees with one’s self-conception, scholars concluded, it must meet three criteria to be
accepted by its object. 5 It must be sincere. And it must occur in the appropriate context.
A．It must follow the basic patterns.
B．The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it.
C．What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences.
D．A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient’s self-conception.
E．If people have negative view of a person, they would resist his compliments.F．In contrast, men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings.
G．They are generally directed toward another person’s appearance, performance, or possessions.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．D 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了赞美虽然看似简单，但对人和周围的人都有很大的影响，能
激起一连串积极的反应，同时指出赞美也需要技巧和知识。
1．上文“Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern.(在我们文化中，大多数的赞美都
遵循一种非常可预测的模式)”说明大多数赞美都有固定模式。G选项“They are generally directed toward
another person’s appearance, performance, or possessions.(它们通常针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产)”承接
上文，具体说明这种固定模式是什么，即“针对另一个人的外表、表现或财产”进行赞美。故选G项。
2．下文“For example, in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive far
more compliments than men.(例如，2011年，一位学者发现，在非结构化的环境中，女性给予和接受的赞美
远比男性多)”通过举例说明了男性和女性在给予和接受赞美上的差异。C选项“What we choose to
compliment depends on gender differences.(我们选择赞美什么取决于性别差异)”引出下文，说明选择赞美的
内容与性别差异有关。故选C项。
3．上文“About three-quarters of women’s compliments to other women in an unstructured, informal setting
involve appearance. In a goal-oriented, formal setting, 68% of praise statements are about performance.(在非结构
化、非正式的环境中，女性对其他女性的赞美中，约有四分之三与外表有关。在目标导向的正式场合中，
68%的赞美陈述是关于表现的)”分别说明了女性在不同场合下赞美的内容倾向。F选项“In contrast, men are
more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings.(相比之下，男性在所有场合下都更有可能
对彼此的表现表示赞美)”与上文形成对比，说明了男性在赞美内容上的倾向。故选F项。
4．下文“If you tell me my hair looks good, I will dismiss it and suspect your motives, because I have little hair.
(如果你告诉我我的头发看起来很好，我会不屑一顾，并怀疑你的动机，因为我头发很少)”通过举例说明了
赞美需要与被赞美者的自我认知相符，否则会被怀疑动机。D选项“A good compliment must not conflict
with its recipient’s self-conception.(一个好的赞美必须不与其接受者的自我认知相冲突)”引出下文，说明了有
效赞美的一个重要条件是必须与被赞美者的自我认知相符。故选D项。
5．上文“Even if a compliment agrees with one’s self-conception, scholars concluded, it must meet three criteria
to be accepted by its object.(学者们得出结论，即使赞美与一个人的自我认知相符，它也必须满足三个标准才
能被其对象所接受)”说明了一个好的赞美需要满足三个标准。下文“It must be sincere. And it must occur in
the appropriate context.(它必须是真诚的。而且它必须在适当的情境下发生)”列出了其中的两个标准。B选
项“The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it.(赞美必须来自一个有可信度的人)”承上启下，列出了满足条件的第三个标准，即赞美必须来自一个有可信度的人。故选B项。
10.（2025·云南省昆明市第一中学高三第五次联考）
When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe you’ve heard
this advice before, “Be more confident.” 1 Take the belief that you are valuable, worthwhile, and
capable, and add in the optimism that comes when you are certain of your abilities. 2 This is confidence.
It turns thoughts into action.
So where does confidence even come from? There are several factors that impact confidence, such as what
you’ re born with and how you’ re treated when growing up. 3 But the personal choices we make
certainly play a major role in confidence development. So, by keeping in mind the following two practical tips, we
do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence.
Tip 1: A quick fix. There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in a short term.
Picture your success when you’re beginning a difficult task. Something as simple as listening to music with deep
bass can promote feelings of power. 4
Tip 2: 5 If you are looking for a long-term change, consider the way you think about your abilities
and talents. Do you think they are fixed at birth, or that they can be developed, like a muscle? These beliefs matter
because they can influence how you act when you’ re faced with setbacks. If you have a fixed mindset, meaning
that you think your talents are locked in place, you might give up. But if you have a growth mindset and think your
abilities can improve, a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow. It turns out that people who have a growth
mindset are more successful and doing better in face of challenges.
A．But what is confidence?
B．But what do you believe in?
C．Fix your mindset in a stable state.
D．Believe in your ability to improve.
E．It isn’t possible to completely alter these factors.
F．Then act courageously to face a challenge head-on.
G．You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a positive talk.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．E 4．G 5．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍影响自信心的因素及提升自信的方法。
1．根据上文“When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe
you’ve heard this advice before, “Be more confident.” (当你面对一个巨大的挑战时，失败的可能性似乎隐藏在每个角落，也许你以前听过这个建议：“要更自信。”)”以及后文“Take the belief that you are valuable,
worthwhile, and capable, and add in the optimism that comes when you are certain of your abilities. (相信自己是
有价值的，值得的，有能力的，当你确信自己的能力时，再加上乐观主义。)”可知，本句为过渡句，主要
引出后文对于信心概念的解释。故A选项“但是什么是信心？”符合语境，故选A。
2．根据上文“Take the belief that you are valuable, worthwhile, and capable, and add in the optimism that comes
when you are certain of your abilities. (相信自己是有价值的，值得的，有能力的，当你确信自己的能力时，
再加上乐观主义。)”以及后文“This is confidence. It turns thoughts into action. (这就是自信。它将思想转化
为行动。)”可知，前一句开始解释自信的含义，此处承接前一句继续解释。故F选项“然后勇敢地面对挑
战。”符合语境，故选F。
3．根据上文“So where does confidence even come from? There are several factors that impact confidence, such
as what you’ re born with and how you’ re treated when growing up. (那么，信心究竟从何而来呢？影响自信的
因素有很多，比如你的先天条件和成长过程中别人对你的态度。)”以及后文“But the personal choices we
make certainly play a major role in confidence development. So, by keeping in mind the following two practical
tips, we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence. (但是，我们所做的个人选择肯定在信心的
培养中起着重要作用。因此，记住以下两个实用的技巧，我们确实有能力培养自己的自信。)”可知，后文
与本句构成转折，后文提到了个人选择可以发挥作用，推测本句是在说明上文提到的“先天条件和成长过
程中别人对你的态度”这些因素具有不可改变性。故E选项“完全改变这些因素是不可能的。”符合语境，
故选E。
4．根据上文“Tip 1: A quick fix. There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in a
short term. Picture your success when you’re beginning a difficult task. Something as simple as listening to music
with deep bass can promote feelings of power. (技巧1：快速修复。有一些小技巧可以让你在短期内迅速提升
自信。当你开始一项困难的任务时，想象一下你的成功。一些简单的事情，比如听低音音乐，都能提升力
量感。)”可知，此处介绍快速提升自信的方法。故G选项“你甚至可以摆一个有力的姿势，或者给自己一
个积极的谈话。”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据本段内容“If you are looking for a long-term change, consider the way you think about your abilities and
talents. Do you think they are fixed at birth, or that they can be developed, like a muscle? These beliefs matter
because they can influence how you act when you’ re faced with setbacks. If you have a fixed mindset, meaning
that you think your talents are locked in place, you might give up. But if you have a growth mindset and think your
abilities can improve, a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow. It turns out that people who have a growthmindset are more successful and doing better in face of challenges. (如果你正在寻找一个长期的改变，考虑一下
你对自己的能力和天赋的看法。你认为它们是与生俱来的，还是可以像肌肉一样发展？这些信念很重要，
因为当你面对挫折时，它们会影响你的行动。如果你有一种固定的心态，这意味着你认为你的才能被锁定
在一个地方，你可能会放弃。但如果你有一个成长的心态，认为你的能力可以提高，挑战是一个学习和成
长的机会。事实证明，拥有成长心态的人更成功，在面对挑战时做得更好。)”可知，该段主要讲要相信自
己有能力改变逆境。故D选项“相信自己有能力进步。”符合语境，故选D。
题型二 阅读七选五之记叙文类
1.（2025·山东省部分学校高三毕业班质量检测）
One morning, a group of six teenage girls and their adult leader began their hike from a cottage, expecting
mild weather. 1 The first part of their route was exposed and the path was narrow, so it could be
dangerous for the lighter girls in the group. Realizing the situation was worsening, the adult leader decided to turn
the group back to the hut before they reached the most exposed section of the path.
While the girls were disappointed and eager to continue, the leader knew that safety had to come first. Back
at the cottage, the leader reassured (安慰) the group that they were safe and explained why returning was the best
choice. 2 Though some of the girls were upset, they quickly understood the importance of staying
sheltered until the weather improved.
The leader took a moment to assess their resources. The weather forecast predicted worsening conditions
later, and they might be stuck at the cottage for longer than expected. Fortunately, everyone had planned for
situations like this. They had brought extra food, so they were well-prepared to wait for a day or two if needed. 3
To avoid their families’ concerns, the group used satellite communication devices to let them know they were
safe. 4 The leader continued to monitor the weather and noticed the wind slowly calming. As conditions
improved, the group continued their hike safely.
5 Not only did they turn what could have been a dangerous situation into an opportunity for
learning, but they also gained valuable experience in managing the unexpected outdoors.
A．This foresight allowed the group to remain calm.
B．They decided to stay put until the wind died down.
C．This also prevented the risk of an unnecessary search.
D．The girls built a shelter using available materials for protection.
E．The leader decided to call for help immediately after turning back.F．However, the wind quickly became much stronger than forecasted.
G．The group stayed calm, planned ahead, and communicated effectively.
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．G
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了六个十几岁的女孩和她们的成年领队从一间小屋开始徒步旅行的故
事。
1．根据上文“One morning, a group of six teenage girls and their adult leader began their hike from a cottage,
expecting mild weather.(一天早上，六个十几岁的女孩和她们的成年领队从一间小屋开始徒步旅行，期待着
温和的天气)”可知，选项应承接上文讲述天气情况。故F选项“然而，风很快变得比预测的强得多”切题。
故选F项。
2．根据上文“Back at the cottage, the leader reassured (安慰) the group that they were safe and explained why
returning was the best choice.(回到小屋，领队向大家保证他们是安全的，并解释了为什么返回是最好的选
择)”以及下文“Though some of the girls were upset, they quickly understood the importance of staying sheltered
until the weather improved.(虽然有些女孩很沮丧，但她们很快就明白了待在避难所直到天气好转的重要性)”
可知，选项承接上下文说明他们的决定。stay put呼应staying sheltered。故B选项“他们决定呆在原地，直
到风停”切题。故选B项。
3．根据上文“They had brought extra food, so they were well-prepared to wait for a day or two if needed.(他们
带了额外的食物，所以他们做好了充分的准备，如果需要的话，可以等上一两天)”可知，选项承接上文说
明上文举措的作用。故A选项“这种远见使这群人保持冷静”切题。故选A项。
4．根据上文“To avoid their families’ concerns, the group used satellite communication devices to let them know
they were safe.(为了避免家人的担忧，这群人使用卫星通信设备让他们知道他们是安全的)”可知，选项承接
上文说明使用卫星通信设备的作用。故C选项“这也避免了不必要的搜索风险”切题。故选C项。
5．本段总结文章，结合下文“Not only did they turn what could have been a dangerous situation into an
opportunity for learning, but they also gained valuable experience in managing the unexpected outdoors.(他们不仅
把原本可能是危险的情况变成了一个学习的机会，而且还获得了管理意外户外活动的宝贵经验)”可知，G
选项“团队保持冷静，提前计划，有效沟通”切题，总结了上文的应对措施，并开启下文。故选G项。
2.（2025·福建省泉州高中毕业班上学期质量检测（二））
I always admired my grandmother Jenny’ s gardening skills. But it wasn’t until a sunny afternoon in her
backyard that I became interested in gardening myself. We were there to grow tomatoes. She handed me a tiny
young tomato plant. 1 It’s a family tradition!
Over time, the tiny seedling (幼苗) had grown into a large tomato plant with many juicy red tomatoes.Harvesting those tomatoes with my grandma was a joy I won’t forget. We spent hours in her kitchen making
delicious homemade spaghetti sauce. 2
My time in the garden with my grandma showed me that gardening is more than just a hobby. It’s a way to
connect with our roots. The garden became something we both loved, bringing us closer together and creating a
strong bond.
3 I watered the plants too much and forgot to take care of the soil. It was a learning experience. But I
didn’t give up. Instead, I saw these moments as opportunities to learn. I read books, went to workshops, and asked
experienced gardeners in my community for advice.
Yet, Mother Nature can be unpredictable. from unbearable heat to unexpected frosts. I lost some of my
favorite plants due to extreme weathers. 4 I used drought-tolerant plants and protective coverings like shade
cloths and frost blankets to help my strong plants grow.
Gardening is a lifelong journey of learning. 5 It’s like finding a hidden library, where each plant and
plot offers something new to discover. The more time I spend in the garden, the more I realise that the soil is not
just a place for plants to grow — it’s also ideal ground for my personal growth.
A．Gardening in cold weather will be rather tough.
B．Just the smell alone brought back so many memories.
C．However, my first attempts at gardening didn’t go very well.
D．Then she shared stories of her own grandmother doing the same.
E．And grandma’s gardening journey connects with me emotionally.
F．It’s always changing and requires us to stay open to new knowledge.
G．But I started planting with the climate in mind instead of getting upset.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．F
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从事园艺并且喜欢上园艺的经历。
1．根据上文“I always admired my grandmother Jenny’ s gardening skills. But it wasn’t until a sunny afternoon
in her backyard that I became interested in gardening myself. We were there to grow tomatoes. She handed me a
tiny young tomato plant.(我一直很钦佩我祖母珍妮的园艺技术。但直到一个阳光明媚的下午，在她家后院，
我才对园艺产生了兴趣。我们在那里种西红柿。她递给我一株小小的番茄苗)”以及后文“It’s a family
tradition!(这是一个家族传统！)”可知，上文提到祖母给了作者番茄苗，推测本句说明接下来祖母要分享这
件事是一种传统的原因。故D选项“然后她分享了自己祖母做同样事情的故事”符合语境，故选D。
2．根据上文“Over time, the tiny seedling (幼苗) had grown into a large tomato plant with many juicy redtomatoes. Harvesting those tomatoes with my grandma was a joy I won’t forget. We spent hours in her kitchen
making delicious homemade spaghetti sauce.(随着时间的推移，小小的幼苗长成了一株大番茄，长出了许多多
汁的红色番茄。和奶奶一起收获西红柿是我永远不会忘记的快乐。我们在她的厨房里花了几个小时自制美
味的意大利面酱)”可知，上文提到制作美味的意大利面酱，本句承接上文，说明美味的意大利面酱所带来
的感受。故B选项“光是这香味就勾起了很多回忆”符合语境，故选B。
3．根据后文“I watered the plants too much and forgot to take care of the soil. It was a learning experience. But I
didn’t give up. Instead, I saw these moments as opportunities to learn. I read books, went to workshops, and asked
experienced gardeners in my community for advice.(我给植物浇了太多的水，却忘了照料土壤。这是一次学习
的经历。但我没有放弃。相反，我把这些时刻看作是学习的机会。我读书，参加研讨会，向社区里有经验
的园丁寻求建议)”可知，后文提到作者给植物浇了太多的水，却忘了照料土壤，说明一开始园艺过程并不
顺利。故C选项“然而，我第一次尝试园艺并不顺利”符合语境，故选C。
4．根据上文“Yet, Mother Nature can be unpredictable. from unbearable heat to unexpected frosts. I lost some of
my favorite plants due to extreme weathers.(然而，大自然母亲是不可预测的。从难以忍受的高温到意想不到
的霜冻。由于极端天气，我失去了一些我最喜欢的植物)”以及后文“I used drought-tolerant plants and
protective coverings like shade cloths and frost blankets to help my strong plants grow.(我使用了耐旱植物和保护
性覆盖物，如遮阳布和防冻毯，以帮助我的强壮植物生长)”可知，上文提到因为极端天气作者失去了一些
最喜欢的植物，后文则说明作者使用了保持措施，说明作者开始考虑到天气因素，故G选项“但我开始种
植时考虑到了气候，而不是心烦意乱”符合语境，故选G。
5．根据上文“Gardening is a lifelong journey of learning.(园艺是一生的学习之旅)”以及后文“It’s like finding
a hidden library, where each plant and plot offers something new to discover.(这就像找到一个隐藏的图书馆，在
那里，每一棵植物和每一片土地都提供了新的发现)”可知，上文提到园艺是一生的学习之旅，且比喻成图
书馆，说明园艺需要不断学习、不断发现的特点，故F选项“它总是在变化，需要我们对新知识保持开放
的心态”符合语境，故选F。
3.（2025·广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校高三期末联考）
On July 4, 1972, a pair of young newlyweds named Tony and Maureen were on the driveway of a family
home in the south of England. 1 . Or somewhere. They had a trunk full of food, cooking equipment and
some sleeping bags. They believed that their journey across Asia would be nothing more than a little adventure
before they settled down to a steady, middle-class life in England.
And it turned out to be just the kind of adventure the couple longed for. They got caught in a snowstorm in
the Italian Alps; bumped into a motorcycle in Iran; then sold their car. From there, it was a bus to Pakistan, then onto India. The couple hitchhiked south across Thailand and on through Malaysia and Singapore. 2 .
Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get from
England to Australia. 3 . And by the time they made it to Sydney they had precisely twenty-seven cents
left to sustain them.
4 . The bookshops they could have visited back in England in 1972 would have had precious
little to offer in the way of practical advice for their route.
But that’s not to say that Tony and Maureen had nothing to guide them. As they would discover soon, their
single best source of information was the other travelers they’d encounter on the road. 5 . And these
notes would ate prove to be a very valuable resource for the book Across Asia on the Cheap, beginning of their
Lonely Planet guidebooks — the gospel (真理) of adventure travel for tens of millions of readers.
A．They would also exchange information.
B．They once wanted to stop their journey.
C．They’d covered over ten thousand miles.
D．Tony took very careful notes of the information every day.
E．They set out on the final leg of the trip-Western Australia.
F．What did the young couple have to guide them in all of this?
G．They were driving a used minivan and their goal was to get to India.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了1972年7月4日，一对名叫托尼和莫林的年轻新婚夫妇从英国
到澳大利亚旅行的事迹。
1．根据上文“On July 4, 1972, a pair of young newlyweds named Tony and Maureen were on the driveway of a
family home in the south of England.(1972年7月4日，一对名叫托尼和莫林的年轻新婚夫妇走在英格兰南部
一户人家的车道上)”以及后文“Or somewhere. They had a trunk full of food, cooking equipment and some
sleeping bags. They believed that their journey across Asia would be nothing more than a little adventure before
they settled down to a steady, middle-class life in England.(或者某个地方。他们有一个装满食物、烹饪设备和
一些睡袋的箱子。他们认为，在他们在英国安定下来，过上稳定的中产阶级生活之前，他们的亚洲之旅只
不过是一次小小的冒险)”可知，后文提到了某个地方，且他们有一些旅途用品，推测这对夫妇要外出旅行，
本句是在说明他们的目的地。故G选项“他们开着一辆二手小货车，他们的目标是去印度”符合语境，故
选G。
2．根据上文“And it turned out to be just the kind of adventure the couple longed for. They got caught in asnowstorm in the Italian Alps;bumped into a motorcycle in Iran;then sold their car. From there, it was a bus to
Pakistan, then on to India. The couple hitchhiked south across Thailand and on through Malaysia and Singapore.(事
实证明，这正是这对夫妇所渴望的冒险。他们在意大利阿尔卑斯山遭遇了暴风雪；在伊朗撞上了一辆摩托
车；然后卖掉了他们的车。从那里，这是一辆开往巴基斯坦的巴士，然后又开往印度。这对夫妇搭便车南
下泰国，然后经过马来西亚和新加坡)”以及下一段“Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the
five and a half months it took them to get from England to Australia.(在从英国到澳大利亚的五个半月里，托尼
和莫林每人都瘦了十多磅)”可知，本句是在讲他们最后到达的地方是在澳大利亚。故E选项“他们出发去
旅行的最后一站——西澳大利亚”符合语境，故选E。
3．根据上文“Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get
from England to Australia.(在从英国到澳大利亚的五个半月里，托尼和莫林每人都瘦了十多磅)”以及后文
“And by the time they made it to Sydney they had precisely twenty-seven cents left to sustain them.(当他们到达
悉尼时，他们只剩下27美分来维持生活)”可知，上文说明了旅行持续的时间，推测本句会解释旅行的距离。
故C选项“他们已经走了一万多英里了”符合语境，故选C。
4．根据后文“The bookshops they could have visited back in England in 1972 would have had precious little to
offer in the way of practical advice for their route.(如果回到1972年的英国，他们本可以去的书店对他们的路
线几乎没有什么实用的建议)”可知，后文提到了1972年的书店对路线没有实用的建议，推测本句针对他们
获得的旅行指导或建议进行设问。故F选项“这对年轻夫妇在这一切中有什么指导？”符合语境，故选
F。
5．根据后文“And these notes would ate prove to be a very valuable resource for the book Across Asia on the
Cheap, beginning of their Lonely Planet guidebooks — the gospel (真理) of adventure travel for tens of millions of
readers.(这些笔记后来被证明是《廉价穿越亚洲》这本书的宝贵资料，这本书是《孤独星球》旅行指南的
开端，对数千万读者来说，这本书是冒险旅行的福音)”可知，后文提到了笔记成为资料，说明他们在旅途
中进行了记录。故D选项“托尼每天都非常仔细地记录信息”符合语境，故选D。
4.（2025·吉林省白城市实验高级中学高三期末）
We set off on our journey up Mount Wutai onto its peak to appreciate the mysterious and beautiful
Bodhisattva Lights, ball-shaped lights floating in the whole sky with radiant beams. Seen from the foot of the
mountain, the sky was gray and cloudy. 1 It sometimes appeared in white mist, and sometimes was
completely covered by clouds.
On the mountainside, our clothing grew wet. 2 It slowed the horses down to a heavy pace. We
spent the night at a small temple. The next morning we continued our climb in the rain. The road was more slipperythan the day before, so we had no choice but to get down from our horses and walked on foot.
On the way, we were told the unusual phenomenon wouldn’t be observed in the rain. We sighed with
disappointment. 3 And the sun set in the west, the clouds disappeared and the mist faded.
Eventually, we arrived at the peak, with the sky filled with stars. Late in the night, we got awake by a shout.
“Get up. Hurry up to see the Lights!” We moved quickly, threw on a few pieces of clothing and ran out. It was cold,
making our bodies shake from head to foot. 4 Just before our eyes, the mysterious phenomenon
appeared.
Thousands of ball-shaped objects floated slowly in the distance, shining golden beams of light, as though the
whole sky were filled with countless glowing lanterns. The balls moved across the sky at the same speed. 5
They were light and delicate. Meanwhile, we all just froze there, speechless with wonder, appreciating the
incredible views.
A．Suddenly, a wolf appeared before them.
B．Unexpectedly, the sky began to clear.
C．In the distance stood the peak, unclear.
D．The road was slippery and difficult to walk.
E．However, our hearts were filled with excitement.
F ．They were like goldfish swimming calmly in water.
G ．Faster than the wind, passionate as sin, they started to run away.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．F
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者一行人前往五台山山顶观赏神秘而美丽的Bodhisattva Lights
的经历。
1．由下文“It sometimes appeared in white mist, and sometimes was completely covered by clouds.(它有时出现
在白雾中，有时完全被云覆盖。)”可知，空格处要提到某个时隐时现的东西，C选项“In the distance stood
the peak, unclear.(远处耸立着山峰，模糊不清。)”提到了模糊不清的山峰，且peak和上文中“We set off on
our journey up Mount Wutai onto its peak(我们踏上了登上五台山山顶的旅程)”中的peak一致，因此承上启下，
符合语境，故选C。
2．空前“On the mountainside, our clothing grew wet.(在山坡上，我们的衣服都湿了。)”说明了山坡上潮湿，
由空后“It slowed the horses down to a heavy pace.(这减缓了马匹的步伐，使它们沉重地前行。)”可知，路很
难走，D选项“The road was slippery and difficult to walk.(路很滑，很难走。)”既说到了路因为潮湿变得很
滑，也说到了路很难走，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。3．空后“And the sun set in the west, the clouds disappeared and the mist faded.(太阳从西边落下，云不见了，
雾也散了。)”说明能看见太阳落下了，云不见了，雾也散了，也就是天放晴了，B选项“Unexpectedly, the
sky began to clear.(没想到，天空开始放晴了。)”说明了天空放晴了，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
4．空前“It was cold, making our bodies shake from head to foot.(天气很冷，我们的身体从头到脚都在发
抖。)”说明山上很冷，空后“Just before our eyes, the mysterious phenomenon appeared.(就在我们眼前，神秘
的现象出现了。)”说明了在山上出现了神秘的现象，前后是转折关系，E选项“However, our hearts were
filled with excitement.(然而，我们的心中充满了兴奋。)”中的However表转折，说明了虽然冷，但是作者心
中充满兴奋，承上启下，符合语境，故选E
5．空前“The balls moved across the sky at the same speed.(这些球体以相同的速度在天空中移动。)”是对球
形物的描写，空格处应该继续描写这些球形物，F选项“They were like goldfish swimming calmly in water.
(它们就像金鱼在水里平静地游着。)”也是对前面球形物的描写，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
5.（2025·重庆市育才中学校高三月考）
Having settled in Hotel Courtyard in Bangkok, we explored the city immediately. We went shopping for the
whole day and finally we decided to return.
It was at that time that the trouble started. We forgot there are two courtyard hotels in the opposite directions.
Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back. Google maps suggested us the shortest route
which was just 20 minutes away by walk. 1
Bangkok felt different after sunset. Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt
beautiful. Lost in our talk, we didn’t realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town.
2 It was closed for redecoration. Unfortunately, nobody around us then spoke English. Worse still,
we stepped in a local tuk-tuk (三轮车), which took us to an unknown area for an enormous pay. We had no idea
where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of charge.
3 He was a taxi driver. Recounting the day’s events proved to be a great conversation starter. We
ended up talking through the way. He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay. 4
For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn’t have been so trouble-free
without him.
Sometimes when everything doesn’t go as planned, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how
a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results. 5
A．That was when our hero arrived.
B．Our thankfulness knew no bounds.C．We reached a completely different Hotel Courtyard.
D．We set off into the city with little research on transport.
E．We decided not to waste our money but our time instead.
F．The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining.
G．He then informed us that our hotel was just a few blocks away.
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．F
【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者一家在曼谷旅游时遇到一位好心的司机的故事。
1．根据上文“Google maps suggested us the shortest route which was just 20 minutes away by walk.(谷歌地图
为我们推荐了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟)”提到谷歌地图提供了最短的路线，步行只需20分钟，结合
下一段中“Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt beautiful.(在拥挤的道路上漫步，
深红色的天空让人感觉很美)”可知，作者一家选择了按推荐的路线步行，E项“我们决定不浪费钱，而是
花费时间”符合语境。故选E。
2．根据下一句“It was closed for redecoration.(它因重新装修而关闭了)”可知，作者一家应是到达酒店后发
现它关闭了，C选项中Hotel Ramada对应后文It。C项“我们到达了一个完全不同的华美达酒店”符合语
境。故选C。
3．上一段末句“We had no idea where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of charge.(我们不知道自己身在
何处，我们的手机几乎没电了)”提到作者一家身陷困境，结合下文“He was a taxi driver.(他是一名出租车司
机)”可知，空处应是提及一个帮助作者一家解决困境的人物，A项“就在这时，我们的英雄来了”符合语
境。故选A。
4．根据上文“He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay.(他好心地提出在我们剩下的
逗留时间里开车载我们四处转转)”提到那名司机带作者一行人四处转转，结合下文“For the next four days,
from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn’t have been so trouble-free without him.(在接下
来的四天里，从水上市场到卧佛寺，如果没有他，我们的旅行不会这么顺利)”可知，作者一家应是很感谢
那位司机，B项“我们的感激之情难以形容”符合语境，故选B。
5．根据上文“Sometimes when everything doesn’t go as planned, I think about the stranger we met on the streets
and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results.(有时候，当一切都没有按计划进行时，我会想起
我们在街上遇到的陌生人，以及我们的一个小小的错误是如何导致意想不到的结果的)”可知，事情不按原
计划发展时作者总会想起那位陌生人和那次旅行，所以空处应是总结那次旅行得出的感悟，F项“这次旅
行提醒我们，黑暗中总有一线光明”符合语境。故选F。
题型三 阅读七选五之议论文类1.（2025·广东省佛山市三校高三第一次模拟）
The Power of Thinking Differently
Just in the past few weeks, my wife has become the supporter of the concept of zero-waste living. Zero-
waste is obviously about changing behaviors to produce less waste. But as my wife shared with me all the inventive
ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing clothes or controlling the desire to accrue (积累) things we
don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with something else. 36 And in many ways, the first step,
which is simply being willing to do something differently, can be the hardest step of all.
This came to mind as I read a cover story in education. Ostensibly (表面上), it’s about more and more
colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure of student aptitude (天赋). 37
That is always going to be hard. But in recent decades, colleges have realized that the old ways of judging
individual value, while not necessarily wrong, were narrow. While they identified one kind of student well, they did
not account for a wide range of experiences, skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement and
success. 38 The tests weren’t good enough. Schools could do better.
So what has happened? Schools are increasingly consenting to think differently about admissions. They have
resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual. 39 Some think dropping mandatory
standardized tests is a mistake. However, once the first step is taken, the onward pull of reason and morality speed
progress.
At a time when there appears to be so much confusion in the world, it is possible to look out and instead see
something else: the world struggling with the perpetual (长久的) task of consenting to new ideas. Politics today
show how easily we can become stuck in the mentally familiar.
40 That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that her
school offers. Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to greater
balance in the world.
The only constant is the universal need for progress, and that will never leave us where it found us.
A．It starts with consenting (同意) to change thought.
B．Undoubtedly there have been missteps along the way.
C．In short, they left a lot of amazing people out and didn’t even know it.
D．But at its heart, it reveals something more fundamental: how we judge individual value.
E．They offer the most challenging academic programs and ensure every student’s physical and mental health.
F．The world, on the other hand, is constantly demanding that we be kinder and more connected and think everlarger.
G．Many universities known to be highly selective in their admissions policies received more applicants than
usual.
【答案】36．A 37．D 38．C 39．G 40．F
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。本文讲述了不同思维方式的力量，通过零浪费生活和大学录取标准的变化来
阐述这一主题。
36．上文“But as my wife shared with me all the inventive ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing
clothes or controlling the desire to accrue things we don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with
something else.(但当我妻子和我分享人们想出的各种方法来避免使用塑料、重复使用衣服或控制购买我们
并不真正需要的东西的欲望时，我意识到，零浪费始于其他的东西。)”说明“零浪费”不仅仅是一种行为
上的改变，其背后有更深的含义。下文“And in many ways, the first step, which is simply being willing to do
something differently, can be the hardest step of all.(在很多方面，第一步，也就是愿意以不同的方式做事，可
能是最难的一步。)”强调了改变思想或思维方式的重要性，这是实现零浪费的第一步，也是最难的一步。
选项A“它始于同意改变思想”符合语境，起到了承上启下的作用。故选A。
37．上文“Ostensibly, it’s about more and more colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure
of student aptitude.(表面上，这是关于越来越多的大学同意放弃将标准化考试作为学生能力的必要衡量标
准。)”介绍了越来越多的大学同意放弃将标准化考试作为学生能力的必要衡量标准这一现象。空处需要解
释这一变化背后的更深层次原因。选项D“但在其核心，它揭示了更根本的东西：我们如何判断个人价值”
符合语境，揭示了这一变化背后的核心问题，即我们如何判断个人价值。故选D。
38．上文“While they identified one kind of student well, they did not account for a wide range of experiences,
skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement and success.(虽然他们很好地识别出了一种类型
的学生，但他们并没有考虑到一系列对成就和成功同样重要的经验、技能和品质。)”指出了过去判断学生
价值的方式的局限性。选项C“简而言之，他们错过了很多优秀的人，甚至都不知道”符合语境，进一步说
明了这种局限性导致的后果，即很多优秀的人被忽视。故选C。
39．上文“They have resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual.(他们决心尽自己所能看到学
生的全貌。)”说明了学校在录取学生时，不再仅仅看重标准化考试的成绩，而是更注重学生的全面素质。
选项G“许多以录取政策高度选择性而闻名的大学收到了比往常更多的申请者”符合语境，可能是因为学校
改变了录取标准，吸引了更多不同类型的申请者。下文“Some think dropping mandatory standardized tests is
a mistake.(有些人认为取消强制性标准化考试是个错误。)”中的“dropping mandatory standardized tests”与选
项G中的“highly selective in their admissions policies”相呼应，进一步说明了学校录取政策的变化。故选G。
40．下文“That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that her
school offers. Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to greater
balance in the world.(这可能是一位招生官想要更有思考地扩展她所在学校提供的福利。或者可能是一位零
浪费博主要求我们所有人以不同的方式思考我们如何为世界更大的平衡做出贡献。)”中的“thinking
differently”与选项F中的“think ever larger”相呼应，进一步说明了我们需要改变思维方式，以更广阔的视
野来看待问题。选项F“另一方面，世界不断地要求我们更加善良、更加团结，思考得更广泛”符合语境。
故选F。
2.（2025·山东省威海期中）
Time and money are life’s most valuable resources. One of the great laws of economics is that time equals
money. The phrase “time is money” is usually credited to Benjamin Franklin, who used it in an essay (Advice to a
Young Tradesman.1748) 1 He encouraged people to treat time like money. However, most people think
about time and money in vastly different ways.
Time is our most scarce (稀缺) resource. Poor or rich, we all have 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 2
In a world of scarcity, choosing one thing means not being able to do something else.
3 Time is relatively scarce for people with higher incomes, partly because their time is more
valuable. So, to have lots of time, rich people hire other people to do their household chores. However, a non-
working person may spend more time on household chores.
Time cannot be stored. One of the reasons we give little thought about how we use our limited resources is
that we cannot save time. Time moves on whether we choose to spend it or not. 4 However, when people
are made aware of their mortality (生命的有限), they wonder if they did make the most of their lives.
In sum, time is anything but free. As a non-renewable resource, time is quite expensive. 5 They do
their best to think of their time as unlimited, and unlimited goods have little value. Knowing that time is limited
encourages us to ask how we are using our time. Do we want to spend these precious moments on social media or
spend that time learning something new? Skills and knowledge take time so the more time you spend on them, the
more you improve.
A．It cannot be bought at any price.
B．It means time is a valuable resource.
C．The value of time varies from person to person.
D．Some people fail to realize that time is scarceE．Thus, each of us faces the choice of how to spend our time.
F．You can’t bottle time and exchange it for an object or event.
G．Actually, time and money are greatly different from each other.
【答案】1．B 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。时间和金钱是生命中最宝贵的资源，文章引用本杰明·富兰克林的观点，详细阐
述了时间是一种宝贵的资源。
1．根据上文“One of the great laws of economics is that time equals money.(经济学的一条伟大定律是时间等
于金钱)”及下文“He encouraged people to treat time like money.(他鼓励人们把时间当作金钱来对待)”可知，
经济学认为时间就是金钱，设空处承上启下，B选项“It means time is a valuable resource.(这意味着时间是
一种宝贵的资源)”符合题意。故选B项。
2．根据前文“Time is our most scarce (稀缺) resource. Poor or rich, we all have 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
(时间是我们最稀缺的资源。无论贫穷还是富有，我们都有一天24小时，一周7天)”以及后文“In a world
of scarcity, choosing one thing means not being able to do something else.(在一个稀缺的世界里，选择一件事就
意味着不能做其他的事)”可知，此处讲述时间稀缺，应该如何选择度过，所以E项“Thus, each of us faces
the choice of how to spend our time.(因此，我们每个人都面临着如何度过时间的选择)”符合本段主题，和前
文构成因果关系。故选E项。
3．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Time is relatively scarce for people with higher incomes, partly
because their time is more valuable. So, to have lots of time, rich people hire other people to do their household
chores. However, a non-working person may spend more time on household chores.(对于收入高的人来说，时间
相对来说是稀缺的，部分原因是他们的时间更有价值。所以，为了有更多的时间，富人会雇人帮他们做家
务。然而，一个不工作的人可能会花更多的时间在家务上)”可知，本段主要讲述了每个人的时间价值不同，
所以C项“The value of time varies from person to person.(时间的价值因人而异)”符合本段主题，为中心句。
故选C项。
4．根据前文“Time cannot be stored. One of the reasons we give little thought about how we use our limited
resources is that we cannot save time. Time moves on whether we choose to spend it or not.(时间是无法储存的。
我们很少考虑如何使用有限的资源的原因之一是我们无法储存时间。不管我们是否愿意花时间，时间都在
流逝)”可知，此处讲述时间无法储存，所以F项“You can’t bottle time and exchange it for an object or event.
(你不能把时间装在瓶子里，然后用它来交换一个对象或事件)”符合本段主题。故选F项。
5．根据前文“In sum, time is anything but free. As a non-renewable resource, time is quite expensive.(总之，时
间绝不是免费的。时间作为一种不可再生资源，是非常昂贵的)”以及后文“They do their best to think oftheir time as unlimited, and unlimited goods have little value.(他们竭力认为自己的时间是无限的，而无限的商
品几乎没有价值)”可知，前文讲述时间的宝贵，后文讲述有人竭力认为自己的时间是无限的，所以空处应
是一个转折句，D项“Some people fail to realize that time is scarce.(有些人没有意识到时间是宝贵的)”符合文
意，承接上文，引出下文。故选D项。
3.（2025·浙江省台州市高三一模）
An old study in the advertising literature found that we’re more likely to read advertisements for the products
we have bought, even if they have proved to be “lemons”, or useless. This phenomenon also applies to our
decision-making process. Humans sometimes make bad choices and stick with them despite negative
consequences. 1 But in general bad choices have to do with acting out of emotion and not out of reason.
Strong emotions can cloud our thinking and lead us down one rabbit hole after another.
Doubling down on a bad choice may also relate to our self-esteem and the ability to admit mistakes.
Narcissists(自恋者) usually won’t admit a mistake because it contradicts their self-image. But the fact is that many
of us aren’t narcissistic. 2 Even when trapped in a bad relationship, we may still stick with it, hoping
things will eventually change for the better.
Resilience involves managing strong emotions and preventing them from fully dictating our decisions.
Considering emotion is important, enthusiasm for something can move us forward, but it can also block our vision.
3 While relying solely on our “gut feeling” can be helpful, it works best when we use our head, integrating
intuitive insights with logical thinking.
Doubling down is generally unwise. We need to acknowledge our errors and be willing to say we’re sorry
and apologize. 4 In fact, it’s smarter than denying mistakes. By admitting them, we learn valuable
lessons and promote personal growth. Recognizing when to cut our losses is crucial, allowing us to pursue new
opportunities with confidence. 5
A．And we often struggle with this.
B．The reasons for that are complex.
C．Make our decisions with full passion.
D．There is nothing wrong with doing this.
E．So stop trying to make lemonade from bad lemons.
F．The more errors you make, the more you will learn.
G．We should consider what’s right, not just what feels right.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．E【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了人类会坚持糟糕选择这一现象展开论述，分析了其产生的原因，
如受情绪影响、与自尊及承认错误的能力相关等，同时强调了韧性在于管理强烈情绪并结合理性思维做决
策，指出加倍坚持糟糕选择是不明智的，应承认错误、及时止损，以促进个人成长并追求新机会。
1．根据前文“Humans sometimes make bad choices and stick with them despite negative consequences. (人类有
时会做出错误的选择，并且不顾负面后果坚持下去。)”及下文“But in general bad choices have to do with
acting out of emotion and not out of reason. (但一般来说，糟糕的选择是出于情感而不是出于理性。)”可知，
人类做出错误选择的原因并不是单一的，与B项“The reasons for that are complex. (原因很复杂。)”上下文
一致，符合文意，故选B项。
2．根据上文“Narcissists(自恋者) usually won’t admit a mistake because it contradicts their self-image. But the
fact is that many of us aren’t narcissistic. (自恋者通常不会承认错误，因为这与他们的自我形象相矛盾。但事
实是，我们中的许多人并不自恋。)”及下文“Even when trapped in a bad relationship, we may still stick with
it, hoping things will eventually change for the better. (即使陷入一段糟糕的关系中，我们可能仍然坚持下去，
希望事情最终会变得更好。)”可知，很多人在承认错误这件事上是有挣扎的，所以即使即使陷入一段糟糕
的关系中，我们可能仍然坚持下去，与A项“And we often struggle with this. (我们经常为此而苦苦挣扎。)”
上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。
3．根据上文“Considering emotion is important, enthusiasm for something can move us forward, but it can also
block our vision. (考虑到情感很重要，对某事的热情可以推动我们前进，但它也会阻碍我们的视野。)”及下
文“While relying solely on our “gut feeling” can be helpful, it works best when we use our head, integrating
intuitive insights with logical thinking. (虽然仅仅依靠我们的“直觉”可能会有所帮助，但当我们使用我们的
头脑，将直觉洞察力与逻辑思维相结合时，它的效果最好。)”可知，我们做决定不能只凭感觉对，还要考
虑什么是正确的，与G项“We should consider what’s right, not just what feels right. (我们应该考虑什么是正
确的，而不仅仅是感觉正确的。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。
4．根据上文“Doubling down is generally unwise. We need to acknowledge our errors and be willing to say
we’re sorry and apologize (加倍坚持通常是不明智的。我们需要承认我们的错误，并愿意说对不起并道
歉。)”及下文“In fact, it’s smarter than denying mistakes. (事实上，这比否认错误更聪明。)”可知，承认错误
这件事没有错，与D项“There is nothing wrong with doing this. (这样做没有错。)”上下文一致，承接上文，
符合文意，故选D项。
5．根据上文“Recognizing when to cut our losses is crucial, allowing us to pursue new opportunities with
confidence. (认识到何时止损至关重要，这能让我们充满信心地去追寻新的机会。)”可知，要及时止损，不
要再试图从糟糕的情况中获取好结果，与E项“So stop trying to make lemonade from bad lemons. (所以不要再试图用坏柠檬制作柠檬水了。)”上下文一致，形象地总结要及时止损，符合文意，故选E项。
4.（北京市顺义区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末）
Experienced negotiators know that those who ask for more, get more. 1 It works in any important
communication opportunity, such as asking for help or getting approval from your senior leadership on an
important project. Researchers have proven that knowing what you want increases the chances you get it. If you’re
explaining a situation to someone, it may be the first time they’ve thought about it. 2 Then your asking
acts as a base for their final decision.
Being clear about what you want also makes you look more reliable. Decision makers generally don’t like
people bringing problems without a solution. They may not agree with the solution, but they will appreciate that
you’ve thought about it. In fact, figuring out what to recommend will force you to think deeply and clearly about
the situation, which will improve the quality of the end product. 3
Asking for what you want may feel pushy, but it actually puts the other person at ease. Being clear up front
about your ask respects the relationship by reducing tension. 4 You know they want something but they
don’t get right to the point, so you feel more and more uncomfortable as they beat around the bush, because you’ re
wondering where they’ re going with it.
5 But if you were going to end up with a no anyway, it’s better to lose early than late. Besides
saving time, it may avoid an extended debate which makes the other person stick even more to their own position.
A．But it’s not limited to negotiation situations.
B．You do run the risk of getting a quick rejection.
C．We have a tendency to overestimate the chance of rejection.
D．And this is the best final driver of your personal trustworthiness.
E．Think of the times that someone has approached you for a request.
F．Most communication situations benefit from being direct in your ask.
G．There is a good chance that they will be slightly uncertain about what to do.
【答案】1．A 2．G 3．D 4．E 5．B
【解析】本文是议论文。文章主要论述了明确自己需求并勇于提出的重要性，不仅限于谈判场合，在任何
重要的沟通机会中都适用，如寻求帮助或获得高层领导对重要项目的批准。
1．根据前文“Experienced negotiators know that those who ask for more, get more.(经验丰富的谈判者知道，
要求更多的人，得到的也会更多)”以及后文“It works in any important communication opportunity, such as
asking for help or getting approval from your senior leadership on an important project.(它适用于任何重要的沟通机会，比如在一个重要项目上寻求帮助或获得高层领导的批准)”可知，前文讲述谈判技巧，后文讲述适用
于任何重要的沟通机会，所以A项“But it’s not limited to negotiation situations.(但这并不局限于谈判场合)”
和上文构成转折关系，并引出下文，符合文意。故选A项。
2．根据前文“If you’re explaining a situation to someone, it may be the first time they’ve thought about it.(如果
你正在向某人解释一种情况，这可能是他们第一次想到它)”以及后文“Then your asking acts as a base for
their final decision.(然后你的请求作为他们最终决定的基础)”可知，上文提到别人可能是第一次想到，后文
提到你的请求为他们做决定提供了基础，故空处是说他们不知如何做决定的情况，所以G项“There is a
good chance that they will be slightly uncertain about what to do.(他们很有可能会有点不确定该怎么做)”承接上
文，和下文构成顺承关系。故选G项。
3．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Being clear about what you want also makes you look more
reliable. Decision makers generally don’t like people bringing problems without a solution. They may not agree
with the solution, but they will appreciate that you’ve thought about it. In fact, figuring out what to recommend will
force you to think deeply and clearly about the situation, which will improve the quality of the end product.(明确你
想要什么也会让你看起来更可靠。决策者通常不喜欢人们提出没有解决方案的问题。他们可能不同意这个
解决方案，但他们会感谢你的考虑。事实上，弄清楚要推荐什么会迫使你深入而清晰地思考情况，这将提
高最终产品的质量)”可知，本段讲述明确你想要什么也会让你看起来更可靠，所以D项“And this is the
best final driver of your personal trustworthiness.(这是你个人可信度最好的最终驱动因素)”和首句相呼应，对
前文的总结。故选D项。
4．根据前文“Asking for what you want may feel pushy, but it actually puts the other person at ease. Being clear
up front about your ask respects the relationship by reducing tension.(要求你想要的东西可能会让人觉得咄咄逼
人，但这实际上会让对方放松。事先明确你的要求可以通过减少紧张来尊重你们的关系)”以及后文“You
know they want something but they don’t get right to the point, so you feel more and more uncomfortable as they
beat around the bush, because you’re wondering where they’re going with it.(你知道他们想要什么东西，但他们
没有说到点子上，所以当他们拐弯抹角时，你会感到越来越不舒服，因为你不知道他们会怎么做)”可知，
前文讲述要求你想要的东西会让对方放松，后文讲述自己的感受，所以空处应是过渡句，E项“Think of
the times that someone has approached you for a request.(想想那些有人向你提出要求的时候)”符合文意，引出
下文。故选E项。
5．空处和下文是转折关系，根据下文“But if you were going to end up with a no anyway, it’s better to lose
early than late. Besides saving time, it may avoid an extended debate which makes the other person stick even moreto their own position.(但如果你最终的结果是否定的，早输总比晚输好。除了节省时间，它可以避免长时间
的辩论，使对方更加坚持自己的立场)”可知，下文是说好处，故B项“You do run the risk of getting a quick
rejection.(你确实有被迅速拒绝的风险)”符合文意。故选B项。
5.There is a difference between reflection and rumination (反刍思维) when it comes to thinking about
mistakes. Reflecting on mistakes helps you consider where things didn’t go so well and how you might be able to
do better next time. 1 It also helps you figure out what you could do differently in similar circumstances,
and what you can simply let go.
Rumination, on the other hand, is a circular way of thinking that replays itself endlessly in your head. 2
And because you can’t resolve it, you start to feel as though you have no power. It can lead to a downward spiral
(螺旋式下降) into negative thoughts, whether towards yourself, the situation, or another person.
Imagine that you got home later than you should have and you’re going to miss out on a trip to the beach
with friends. 3 However, somebody taking a reflective view of the situation might think: “I’ll apologize
to Mum and Dad, but there will be plenty of other times when I can go to the beach with my friends.” However,
somebody taking a more ruminative approach, might think something like this: “It’s so unfair! Everyone will have
so much fun without me, and I’ll feel totally left out.” 4 While reflecting on a situation helps you see the
extent to which you were at fault, ruminating can lead you to find fault in yourself or others excessively.
5 And again, this is a large part of how humans learn. The danger is when the criticism becomes
overly harsh and helpless, rather than a stepping stone to doing something differently. Looking at mistakes through
a negative filter is unproductive.
A．You tend to pick at every detail.
B．It’s quite reasonable to feel upset.
C．You are likely to fix every error you meet.
D．It is, of course, normal to look at mistakes critically.
E．So, it’s better to find fault with yourself instead of others.
F．As you’ll notice, reflecting is far more positive than ruminating.
G．It helps you differentiate what you could control from what you couldn’t.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．B 4．F 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。其大意是探讨反思与反刍思维的区别，强调反思有助于改进错误，而反刍思
维可能导致消极情绪的循环。
1．根据前一句“Reflecting on mistakes helps you consider where things didn’t go so well and how you might beable to do better next time.(反思错误有助于你考虑事情进展不太顺利的地方，以及下次如何做得更好。)”和
后一句“It also helps you figure out what you could do differently in similar circumstances, and what you can
simply let go.(它还可以帮助你弄清楚在类似的情况下你可以做些什么不同的事情，以及你可以简单地放手
什么。)”可知，此处介绍了反思错误给我们带来的好处。G项“它可以帮助你区分你能控制的和你不能控
制的事”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
2．上文“Rumination, on the other hand, is a circular way of thinking that replays itself endlessly in your head.(另
一方面，沉思是一种循环思维方式，在你的脑海中无休止地重演。)”解释了反刍思维是什么。A项“你往
往会挑剔每一个细节”承接上文，符合语境。故选A。
3．上文“Imagine that you got home later than you should have and you’re going to miss out on a trip to the
beach with friends.(想象一下，你回家的时间比你应该回家的时间晚，你会错过和朋友一起去海滩的旅
行。)”举了回家晚错过和朋友们去海滩的旅行的例子，下文“However, somebody taking a reflective view of
the situation might think: “I’ll apologize to Mum and Dad, but there will be plenty of other times when I can go to
the beach with my friends.”(然而，对这种情况持反思态度的人可能会想：“我会向爸爸妈妈道歉，但还有很
多其他时候我可以和朋友一起去海滩。”)”讲了反思的人的做法，B项“感到心烦意乱是完全合理的”承
上启下，并且和下文形成对比，“While”说明了这种对比。故选B。
4．上文“However, somebody taking a reflective view of the situation might think: “I’ll apologize to Mum and
Dad, but there will be plenty of other times when I can go to the beach with my friends.” However, somebody
taking a more ruminative approach, might think something like this: “It’s so unfair! Everyone will have so much
fun without me, and I’ll feel totally left out.”(然而，对这种情况持反思态度的人可能会想：“我会向爸爸妈妈
道歉，但还有很多其他时候我可以和朋友一起去海滩。”然而，采取反刍式思考的人，可能会这样想：
“这太不公平了！没有我，每个人都会玩得很开心，我会觉得完全被冷落了。”)”通过举例对比了在思考
错误时，反思和反刍式思考两种思考方式的区别。F项“正如你所注意到的，反思比反刍式思考要积极得
多”总结了上文，符合语境。故选F。
5．根据下文“And again, this is a large part of how humans learn. The danger is when the criticism becomes
overly harsh and helpless, rather than a stepping stone to doing something differently.(再说一次，这是人类学习
的很大一部分。危险在于，批评变得过于严厉和无助，而不是采取不同行动的垫脚石。)”可知，当批评变
得过于严厉且令人无助时，它就不再是促使人们以不同方式行事的垫脚石了。D项“当然，批判地看待错
误是正常的”引出下文，符合语境。下文中的“this”指代D项中的“look at mistakes critically”。故选D。1.（2025·江苏省苏州市高三学业质量阳光指标调研卷）
Building habits of group vulnerability(脫弱)is like building a muscle. It takes time repetition, and the
willingness to feel pain in order to achieve gains. 1 With that in mind, here are a few workout ideas, for
both individuals and groups.
Make sure the leader is vulnerable first and often: As we’ve seen, group cooperation is created by small,
frequently repeated moments of vulnerability. 2
I saw a vivid example when I watched Danny Meyer run one of his morning meetings with his staff, Meyer
is the founder of Union Square Cafe, Shake Shack, Gramercy Tavern, and a number of other restaurants that
together are worth more than a billion dollars. 3 The staff meeting began with the group watching a video
of Meyer's speech. Then the lights went up and Meyer spoke.
“Can you see my leg shaking?” he asked the group.” 4 I’ve given a lot of speeches, but the TED
people wanted something more, something deeper and thoughtful. So I slept about three hours the night before,
which is why I have those bags under my eyes. We had a terrible rehearsal (排练), and I kept messing up the
PowerPoint. So it was almost a complete terrible show. Except that I’m lucky enough to have some absolutely
brilliant help.” He paused and pointed. “Thanks, Chip and Haley. They made the whole thing work. They wrote
great stuff, gave me great advice, and kept me together,” Everyone looked at Chip and Haley and gave a short
round of applause while Meyer looked on approvingly.
Meyer delivered the message was scared with steadiness, confidence, and comfort that underlined the deeper
message: It’s safe to tell the truth here. 5
A．I was so nervou shaking like a leaf.
B．His vulnerability isn’t weakness; it’s his strength.
C．Danny Meyer is a restaurant founder from St. Louis, Missouri.
D．The night before my visit, he had delivered his first-ever TED Talk.
E．And as with building muscle, the first key is to approach the process with a plan.
F．Gentle pressure is my preferred technique for leadership, guidance, and coaching.
G．Of these, none carries more power than the moment when a leader signals vulnerability.
【答案】1．E 2．G 3．D 4．A 5．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了培养团队示弱习惯的方法，以餐厅创始人丹尼・迈耶为例，说明
了领导者率先示弱对团队合作的重要性。
1．根据上文“Building habits of group vulnerability is like building a muscle. It takes time, repetition, and the
willingness to feel pain in order to achieve gains(培养团队示弱的习惯就像锻炼肌肉。这需要时间、重复练习，
以及为了取得进步而愿意承受痛苦的意愿)”以及下文“With that in mind, here are a few workout ideas, for
both individuals and groups.(考虑到这一点，这里有一些针对个人和团队的 “锻炼” 想法)” 可知，此处需
要一个过渡句，将培养团队示弱习惯与锻炼肌肉进行类比，并引出下文关于培养习惯的具体方法。E选项
“And as with building muscle, the first key is to approach the process with a plan(就像锻炼肌肉一样，第一个关
键是要有一个计划来进行这个过程)”符合语境，既提到了与锻炼肌肉的相似之处，又指出了要有计划，与
下文的“锻炼”想法相呼应，故选E项。
2．根据上文“Make sure the leader is vulnerable first and often: As we’ve seen, group cooperation is created by
small, frequently repeated moments of vulnerability(确保领导者首先且经常示弱：正如我们所看到的，团队合
作是由小的、频繁重复的示弱时刻创造的)”可知，此处强调领导者示弱对团队合作的重要性。G选项“Of
these, none carries more power than the moment when a leader signals vulnerability.(在这些因素中，没有什么比
领导者表现出示弱的时刻更有力量了)”进一步强调了领导者示弱的重要性，与上文衔接紧密，故选G项。
3．根据上文“I saw a vivid example when I watched Danny Meyer run one of his morning meetings with his
staff, Meyer is the founder of Union Square Cafe, Shake Shack, Gramercy Tavern, and a number of other
restaurants that together are worth more than a billion dollars.(当我看到丹尼・迈耶与他的员工举行一次早会时，
我看到了一个生动的例子。迈耶是联合广场咖啡馆、奶昔小站、格拉梅西酒馆以及其他一些餐厅的创始人，
这些餐厅加起来价值超过十亿美元)”以及下文“The staff meeting began with the group watching a video of
Meyer's speech.(员工会议以团队观看迈耶的演讲视频开始)”可知，此处需要一个句子来引出迈耶演讲的相
关内容。D选项“The night before my visit, he had delivered his first-ever TED Talk(在我访问的前一天晚上，
他发表了他的第一次TED演讲)”符合语境，介绍了迈耶在会议前一晚进行了TED演讲，与下文观看演讲
视频相呼应，故选D项。
4．根据上文“Can you see my leg shaking?(你能看到我的腿在颤抖吗？)”可知，迈耶在描述自己的紧张状态。
A选项“I was so nervous shaking like a leaf.(我非常紧张，像树叶一样颤抖)”进一步说明了他的紧张程度，
与上文的“腿在颤抖”相呼应，故选A项。
5．根据上文 “Meyer delivered the message was scared with steadiness, confidence, and comfort that underlined
the deeper message: It’s safe to tell the truth here(迈耶以坚定、自信和舒适的态度传达了他害怕的信息，这强
调了一个更深层次的信息：在这里说实话是安全的)”可知，迈耶通过示弱传达了积极的信息。B选项“Hisvulnerability isn’t weakness; it’s his strength(他的示弱不是弱点，而是他的优势)”对迈耶的示弱进行了总结，
说明示弱对他来说是一种优势，符合语境，故选B项。
2.（2025·甘肃省白银市期末）
We’ve all been there: You’re reviewing your lecture notes but can’t seem to make out your words as they
either run together or slant (歪斜). It would be great if you don’t have to decode (破译) your own writing. 1
Read on to learn how!
Identify the primary shapes of your letters. Are your letters full of curved (弧形的) lines? Do you primarily
make straight lines? 2 Seeing what type of lines you tend to make can help you figure out your
handwriting style.
Practice your alphabet (字母表). Yes, just like in first grade, fill up a piece of paper with each letter. All of
the letters in the alphabet are made up of straight lines, circles, and semicircles. 3 Use your handwriting
analysis to focus on what you want to change about your letters. If you want to improve your slant, practice to
straighten your letters.
Write in the air. 4 So, to write neatly, you need to train and develop them. To work out your
writing muscles, write sentences in the air using your finger. This forces you to use the muscle groups in your arm
and shoulder that help stabilize your hand and improve the shape and form of your letters.
5 Pens and pencils aren’t one-size fits all. Different sizes and styles might fit in your hand more
comfortably, which can change how you write. Choose a pen based on how you like the flow of ink as you write;
some pens to try are ballpoints and felt tip. Or, see if you prefer the movement of a traditional or mechanical pencil.
A．Practice writing sentences.
B．Take time to draw out these shapes.
C．So is there any way you can make it better?
D．Writing involves your hand, arm, and shoulder muscles.
E．You don’t have to copy someone else’s style word for word.
F．Or do your letters all have hard corners and tend to mix together?
G．Experiment with different writing instruments to find what works for you.
【答案】1．C 2．F 3．B 4．D 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了如何改善自己的字迹，包括确定字母形状、练习字母表、训
练书写肌肉和尝试不同的书写工具等方面的建议。
1．由上文“You’re reviewing your lecture notes but can’t seem to make out your words as they either run togetheror slant (歪斜). It would be great if you don’t have to decode (破译) your own writing. (你正在复习你的讲义笔记，
但似乎看不清你的字，因为它们要么连在一起，要么歪斜。如果你不需要破译自己的笔迹，那就太好
了。)”可知，上文提出了一个问题，即笔记字迹难以辨认。本空应提出如何改善字迹，C选项“So is there
any way you can make it better? (那么，你有没有什么办法可以改善呢？)”能承接上文，询问是否有改善字迹
的方法，符合语境。故选C。
2．由上文“Identify the primary shapes of your letters. Are your letters full of curved (弧形的) lines? Do you
primarily make straight lines? (确定你字母的主要形状。你的字母是否充满了弧形线条？你是否主要画直
线？)”可知，此处提出了一个问题，询问字母的主要形状。本空应进一步描述可能出现的情况，F选项
“Or do your letters all have hard corners and tend to mix together? (或者你的字母是否都有尖角，并且容易混
在一起？)”是对上文问题的进一步补充，提出了另一种可能的字母形状，与上文形成并列关系，符合语境。
故选F。
3．由上文“All of the letters in the alphabet are made up of straight lines, circles, and semicircles. (字母表中的所
有字母都是由直线、圆圈和半圆组成的。)”可知，此处介绍了字母的基本组成元素，本空应建议读者花时
间练习画出这些基本形状。B选项“Take time to draw out these shapes. (花时间画出这些形状。)”是对上文
的进一步延伸，建议读者花时间练习画出这些基本形状，以掌握字母的书写技巧，符合语境。故选B。
4．由下文“So, to write neatly, you need to train and develop them. To work out your writing muscles, write
sentences in the air using your finger. (所以，为了书写整洁，你需要训练和发展它们。为了锻炼你的书写肌
肉，用手指在空中写句子。)”可知，下文提到了书写整洁需要训练和发展某些肌肉，并给出了具体的训练
方法，本空应介绍书写时需要使用到的肌肉部位。D选项“Writing involves your hand, arm, and shoulder
muscles. (书写涉及到你的手、手臂和肩膀的肌肉。)”是对下文的概括和总结，指出了书写时需要使用到的
肌肉部位，与下文形成因果关系，符合语境。故选D。
5．由下文“Pens and pencils aren’t one-size fits all. Different sizes and styles might fit in your hand more
comfortably, which can change how you write. (钢笔和铅笔并不是一种尺寸适合所有人。不同尺寸和风格的笔
可能更适合你的手，这可以改变你的书写方式。)”可知，下文提到了不同尺寸和风格的笔可能会影响书写
方式，本空应强调找到适合自己的书写工具。G选项“Experiment with different writing instruments to find
what works for you. (尝试不同的书写工具，找到适合你的。)”是对下文的概括和总结，建议读者尝试不同的
书写工具，以找到最适合自己的笔，符合语境。故选G。1.（2024年1月浙江高考卷）
In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.
1 But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? 2
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage
of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. 3 “I think a point that many people lose
sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to
study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep
you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you
would do with in person courses. 4 He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is
so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch
your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
5 A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem.
Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other
to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-
person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A．But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B．Your motivation should be your main concern.
C．Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
【答案】1．G 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．E
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。
1．由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college
experience. (在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey found that 29 percent of
college students registered for online courses. (一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文，
符合题意。故选G。
2．由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (但是所有的在线课
程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出
疑问，故F选项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (如果你参加了
在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
3．由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学
习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说
跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味着没有
最后期限。)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代上一句话，符合题意。故选A。
4．由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的
成绩通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches
the same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He指
代D项中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合题意。故选D。
5．由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem.
Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other
to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-
person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. (社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可
以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激
励，坚持下去。你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，
讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief complain t about
online courses is that they lack human interaction. (对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。)”能
引起下文，符合题意。故选E。
2.（2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷）
Personal Forgiveness
Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. ____1____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____ 2 ____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of yourpersonality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____ 3 ____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____ 4 ____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____ 5 ____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. F 4. C 5. G
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章鼓励人们练习自我宽恕，并提供了一个简单的写作练习来增强自信。通
过列出个人的优点和善良的行为，人们可以学会原谅自己的错误，并从中成长。
1.根据空前内容“Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To
err (犯错) is human.(为错误承担责任是积极的一步，但不要因此而自责。人孰能无过。)”可知，作者认为
人都会犯错，勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责。结合空后“You can use the following
writing exercise to help you do this.(你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。)”中的“do this”以
及下文内容可推断，空处应该内容和“不要太自责”相似。选项 D“It’s just as important to show yourself
some forgiveness.(宽恕自己也同样重要。)”与“不要太自责”语意相近，起承上启下的作用。故选D。
2.根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上
“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around?
They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造
力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。选项B“Now list all the characteristics
you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那
些是优点。故选B。
3.根据上文内容“At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive
things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did
the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.(在第二页的顶部，
写上“善举”的标题。在这张单子上，列出你为别人做过的所有积极的事情。它可能是当你帮助朋友做作
业的时候，当你没有被要求却主动熨衣服的时候，或者当你在家人累了一天之后烤饼干的时候。)”可知，
本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事。选项 F“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write
it down.(不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。)”与上文内容一致，讲述的是不管你所做
的事情不管有多小，只要是好的事情，都记下来。故选F。
4.根据空后内容“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of
your personality that shine through.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以
及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。
选项C“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，
C项中的“they”与空前的“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list.(你可以让朋友或
家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend or family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact,
don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.(事实上，
不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。
故选C。
5.根据空前内容“It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their
mistakes. The thing is, it’s true.(大多数人不是从他们的成功中学习，而是从他们的错误中学习，这是陈词滥
调。但事实是，这是真的。)”可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习。选项 G“Whatever the mistake,
remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.(不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一
面。)”符合语境，G项中的“isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality”和空后内容“We’ re all changing and
learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow.(我们一直在改变和学习，错误是一种
积极的发展和成长的方式。)”保持一致，指的都是犯错并不是性格中固有的一面，我们是通过错误来成长。
故选G。
3.（2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）
As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an artjourney. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete
beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___1___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___ 2 ___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___ 3 ___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome
to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every
day for a month and post the works online.
· ___ 4 ___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___ 5 ___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life.
.
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
【答案】1. C 2 G 3. A 4. D 5. E
【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了了一些开始艺术之旅的好建议。
1.根据前文“Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide
inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. (从小开始。我建议使用一个素描本
进行小规模的学习和实践。这些小的学习和实践可以提供灵感，并成为未来更复杂的作品的跳板)”以及后
文“You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. (你会想要回顾一下自己的艺术之旅，
看看自己已经取得多少进步)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，从给出建议使用一个素描本进行小规模的学习
和实践，到回顾自己的艺术之旅，所以C项“Don’t throw away your beginner art. (不要扔掉你的初学时的艺术作品)”符合文意，和后文形成顺承关系。故选C项。
2.分析设空处，位于段尾，是对本段的总结，根据前文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way
to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as
much as possible. (经常作画，且从生活中作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是
绘制静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地从真实生活中去观察和绘制)”可知，本段主要讲述不断练习绘画，
所以G项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. (你会逐渐形成只有通
过反复练习才能获得的绘画肌肉记忆)”是对前文的总结。故选G项。
3.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文
“Continually challenge yourself to try something new. (不断挑战自己，尝试新事物)”以及后文“Artistic
growth can be a bit painful. (艺术的成长可能会有点痛苦)”可知，A项“Get out of your comfort zone. (走出你
的舒适区)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选A项。
4.分析设空处，位于段首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈)
is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make
me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. (寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长非
常重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都
让我感到受到了重视和尊重)”可知，本段主要讲述了是分享自己的作品，所以D项“Share your work if
you feel comfortable doing so. (如果你感觉舒适的话，分享你的作品)”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选D
项。
5.分析设空处，空处位于第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The
journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through,
give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。
你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到
障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。故选E项。
4.（2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷）
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason
was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___1___”
With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___2___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___3___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___4___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___5___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your
partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. G 5. F
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何找到一个一起锻炼的伙伴。
1.根据前文“Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partne.” One
reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,”(《健身杂志》最近刊
登了一篇题为《感谢健身伙伴的五个理由》的文章。一个理由是：“如果你知道有人在健身房等你，你就
会去锻炼。”)”可知，这里陈述另一个和别人一起锻炼的理由。所以选择项C“You'll work harder if you train
with someone else.(如果你和别人一起训练，你会更努力。)”符合上下文语境。故选C。
2.根据前文“First of all, decide what you want from that person. (首先，决定你想从那个人身上得到什么。)”
和后文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility?(或者你只是想要身
体健康，能够移动的力量和灵活性?)”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。所以选择项
D“Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? (你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员
吗?)”符合上下文语境。故选D。
3.根据前文“You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but probably won't result in
a useful response. (你可能会考虑在社交媒体上发布你想要的东西，但可能不会得到有用的回应。)”和后文
“If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.(如果你打算在健身房锻炼，那个人一定是同一个健身房的。)”可知，寻找的锻炼伙伴要具有便利性的特点。所以选择项B“A workout
partner usually needs to live close by. (锻炼伙伴通常需要住在附近。)”符合上下文语境。故选B。
4.根据前文“My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of
training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and
her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在
了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，
以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的
锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any notice for a training partner
should include such information. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。故选G。
5.根据前文“You and your partner will probably have different skills. (你和你的伴侣可能有不同的技能。)”和
后文“Over time, both of you will benefit -- your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become
more physically fit.(久而久之，你们双方都会受益——你的伴侣会举起更多的重量，你也会变得更健康。)”
可知，要学会求同存异，一起合作，共同提高。所以选择项F“Just accept your differences and learn to work
with each other. (接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作。)”符合上下文语境。故选F。
5.（2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷）
Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to
practice three simple techniques.
1 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. 2 Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. 3 Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. 4
As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in
the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your
changes into your word processor. 5 The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A．Make sure your handwriting is neat.B．Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C．The second draft of the essay should be better.
D．First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E．Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F．Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G．Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．G
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。
1．空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to
your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写
一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是
要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不间断写作的技
巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。
2．空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.(不要
担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of
thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选
B。
3．空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(下一个技巧
是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save
yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将
避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the
first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼
应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符
合语境，故选E。
4．空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for
revision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers
don’t leave enough space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的
“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”
相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
5．空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter yourchanges into your word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改
输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的空白允许
您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft,
again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是
输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此
G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
