文档内容
第 29 讲 阅读理解议论文（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 三年真题议论文考点细目表
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 1时间 卷次 主题语境 字数 题型分类
2023 新高考I卷 / / /
年 新高考** 错误 / / /
的表达式 **卷
全国甲卷 / / /
全国乙卷 人与社会：物品纳入历史叙事以 343+131 2个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
更好地理解无文字社会的重要性
1个词义猜测题
北京卷 / / /
浙江卷 / / /
天津卷 / / /
2022 新高考I卷 / / /
年 新高考** 错误 / / /
的表达式 **卷
全国甲卷 人与社会：悉尼发展中面临的问 342+152 1个细节理解题
题
2个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
全国乙卷 / / /
北京卷 人与社会：量子计算真的会像它 400+109 1个细节理解题
的宣传那样成功吗？ 1个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
1个词义猜测题
浙江卷 / + /
天津卷 人与社会：美好生活的秘诀 403+194 3个细节理解题
2个推理判断题
2021 新高考I卷 / / /
年 新高考** 错误 / / /
的表达式 **卷
全国甲卷 人与社会：“天才”有很多种形 295+123 1个细节理解题
式
2个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
全国乙卷 人与社会：固定电话是非必需品 326+120 2个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
1个词义猜测题
北京卷 人与自然：人们应该和大自然和 480+189 1个细节理解题
谐相处，保护环境 2个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
浙江卷 1月卷 / / /
浙江卷 6月卷 / / /
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 2天津卷（第一 1）人与自我：我们必须学会把过 1）408+214 1)2个细节理解题
去抛在脑后，像蜥蜴一样，用我 2）409+211
次） 2个推理判断题
们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，作为
人生的起点
1个词义猜测题
2）人与社会：要当一个多面 2)2个细节理解题
手，而不是当某方面的专家
2个推理判断题
1个主旨大意题
天津卷（第二 / / /
次）
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
议论文涉及的论题具有生活化的特征，与社会生活密切相关。从命题上看，议论文阅读理解以考查细
节理解、推理判断和主旨大意题为主，但不排除对观点态度的考查。考生在平时的阅读训练中要阅读一定
数量的议论文，以了解和掌握议论文的结构和行文特征。
【备考策略】
在阅读解题时，应该从结构和内容两方面同时入手，先通读全文，再区分事实和观点。通常来说，议
论文会采用三段论式结构。首段会通过一个故事或对某种现象的描述来引入话题，明确论点；接下来是文
章的主体部分，会用两个或两个以上的段落引用事实和理论论据进行论证，常用的论证方法有举例、引用
和对比，这一部分要注意作者选用的论据，它们往往与细节理解题的考查点相对应，同时还要留意论证的
方法；文章的最后一段是结论部分，要弄清作者最后得出了什么结论。在通读全文并了解文章的结构和内
容后再阅读试题，到文章中去找相对应的信息，比如事实、观点、作者真正的意图和结论等。
议论文结构特点
写法一：正方（甲方），反方（乙方），我认为
写法二：提出问题，分析问题，回答（解决）问题
写法三：论点，理由（证据），重申论点。
【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2024年高考议论文阅读理解可能会出现且会继续考查考生快速而
准确地获取和理解文中具体细节信息的能力， 对文章信息的判断能力以及对文章的整体感知能力。
议论文的文体分析
议论文说理性强，语言庄重，逻辑缜密，常用难词、长词和复杂句，给我们的阅读理解带来一定难度。
议论文是运用逻辑推理和证明来阐述某一观点、看法和主张的文体。这类文章或从正面提出某种见解，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 3或驳斥别人的错误观点，以说服读者同意自己的观点为主要目的。
议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点是议论文的核心，即中心思想，是论据和论证的服务
对象。论据是作者所引用的用以支持和证明论点的材料，这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证或统计数据
等。论证是作者组织、运用论据的手法。
演 绎 论 是从已知的一般原理，规律出发，推知个别事物本质的论证方法。该类文体一
证 议 论 般先提出一个总论点，然后分别进行论述，分析各个分论点，最后得出结论。
文
文
归 纳 论 是一种由个别到一般的论证方法。它通过许多个别的事例或分论点，然后归纳
章
证 议 论 出它们所共有的特性，从而得出一个一般性的结论。
文
类
比 较 论 是一种由个别到个别的论证方法。通常分为类比法和对比法两类。类比法是将
型
证 议 论 性质或特点在某一方面相同或相近的不同事物加以比较而引出结论的方法。对
文 比法是通过性质或特点在某一方面相反或对立的不同事物的比较来证明论点的
方法。
议
由于议论的目的是表明自己对事物的看法和态度，因此，命题时常考察其观点态度以及根
命题
论 据文章内容归纳主旨大意等，有时也对文章的结构进行考察。
要点
文
1.演绎论证议论文：注意文章的开篇，因为文章的开篇是文章的主旨，抓住了主旨，也就
解 抓住了作者的观点，从而把握了文章的中心思想。
题 2.归纳论证议论文：注意文章的尾段，因为尾段是对前面所举事例和分论点的归纳和概
括。
技
3.比较论证议论文：注意事物的相同点以及不同点，并由此来把握文章的主旨。
巧
做题时可使用以下三个步骤：重首尾，明方式，细推测。
议论文长常考题型之一主旨大意题
[常见设问形式]
1．标题类常见的题干：①The best title/headline for this passage might be ________.②What is the best
title for the passage？③Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?
2．大意类常见的题干：① This passage chiefly deals with ________.② What's the topic of the article?
③What is the subject discussed in the text? ④What is the main idea of the...paragraph/the passage?
1．涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。
2．确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
3．精确性强，不会改变语言表达的程度及色彩。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 41．过于笼统，不知所云
所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容
2．以偏概全，主次不分
所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置内容，或以次
要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点
3．移花接木，偷换概念
所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上，若不留神，极易选错答案
4．无中生有，生搬硬套
所给选项的关键词虽然在文章中提到了，但经过仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的内容毫
无联系
考点一 段落大意题
【2023年全国乙卷D片段】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege
one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts,
while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until
fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable.
（2023·山东·山东省实验中学校考二模）Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos. For
every pack of yogurt that a person bought, he would donate yogurt to a family in need. Danone had done its
research. Increasingly, people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense of purpose. Surely a yogurt
that helped the needy would be appealing. But Juntos was a failure. Despite sinking millions into a marketing
campaign, Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months after it was launched. Now the same product is
simply marketed as a tasty yogurt.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 5What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his colleagues did an
experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to pick one option. They reminded
some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on
“delight and pleasure.” They found that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product
when compared with people who put pleasure in the first place.
So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain their decision-
making to find out. He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about how the product they might
buy could bring meaning to their lives. Instead, they were occupied with what else they could do with their money.
I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices. But cheap products can create many problems.
Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones. As a result, we shop more often, which is
ultimately worse for our wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can do a greater damage to the environment. Thanks in
part to fast fashion, people buy 60 percent more clothing today than they did 15 years ago. The fashion industry
alone emits more greenhouse gases than international flights and maritime (海洋的) shipping combined.
So before you dive into your wallet for some deals, try not to fix only on what you are spending or saving.
Think carefully about what you are buying, too.
56．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos?
A．It ignored marketing strategies. B．It priced itself relatively high.
C．It lacked a particularly good taste. D．It focused on delight and pleasure.
57．What can be inferred about meaning seekers?
A．They frequent high-end stores. B．They think products extend their lives.
C．They hesitate to make decisions. D．They make more purchases with money.
58．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed?
A．By giving some examples. B．By listing numbers and data.
C．By explaining reasons. D．By making some comparisons.
59．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Innovation: a Product’s Life B．To Buy or not to Buy
C．Meaning seekers or Quality-pursuers D．Fast Fashion: a Hit to Your Wallet
考点二 文章大意题
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 63个做法4个窍门，快速确定文章大意
一、文章是由段落组成的。段落的主题就是段落的中心思想，具体段落的中心思想又是为文章整体中
心思想服务的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在理解具体段落中心思想的基础上的。具体做法是：
1．找出每小段的主题句，各段的主题句常在该段的首句或尾句，各段主题句的整体归纳便是文章的
中心思想。
2．文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中，这就需要分步提炼，然后再进一步加工概括。
3．观察全文的结构安排，区别文章的“核心”和“支撑性细节”。核心是概括性的、理论性的；支
撑性细节是碎片化的、事例性的。事例是为理论性的“核心”服务的，“核心”即是文章的主题。
二、用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信
息的方法可以快速找到主题句。以下是找主题句的四个小窍门：
1．段落中出现表示转折的词语(如however，but，in fact，actually等)时，该句很可能是主题句。
2．首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是文章主旨。
3．作者有意识重复的观点，通常是主旨；反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
4．表示总结或结论的句子常包含therefore，thus，in short，conclude，conclusion等。
（2023·广东·校联考模拟预测）When we are born, we are perfect. As we grow, we develop many
complexities due to many influences in our lives. Our brain collects and saves all kinds of information from the
moment we are born. Apart from our brain having memory, cells in our body have their own memory, meaning that
our body stores memories, both physiological and psychological. We are complex emotional beings in nature
compared with any other living things.
Apparently, physical and psychological memories strongly influence our emotions! Interestingly, we can
create, store, and release emotions like energy. Moreover, if we do not process our negative emotions properly and
suppress (压制) them for a long time, they can find a way out violently and unexpectedly. Unfortunately, we carry
our guilt throughout our lives putting the ever-increasing burden on our shoulders.
Both guilt and anger are useless for us. Therefore, one may ask: is there a way to put down the burden from
our shoulders? It is possible, indeed. Importantly, since our guilt and anger inside us are neither released nor given
attention, they are stored. Actually, we should take action to address our negative emotions in order to remove them
from our system. We cannot just wish them away.
In fact, by acknowledging their presence and providing a channel for them, we can dissolve our emotions
gradually. Is there a better way to unload our burden? Luckily, we have a natural gift for processing our feelings
and emotions-forgiveness.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 7Indeed, forgiving ourselves is a great way to dissolve negative emotions. Of course, we should also learn to
readily forgive others, and when we learn to forgive ourselves, we also naturally forgive others.
In summary, it is no good carrying our years of emotional baggage. By forgiving, we can throw away the
emotional baggage we carry for years. Forgive your past mistakes. The moment you start forgiving, you will feel
relieved and years of heaviness will lift magically!
32．What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．Learning to forgive helps people unload their psychological burden
B．Forgiving is the best way for people to dissolve negative emotions
C．Forgiving ourselves is the first step of forgiving others
D．Being energetic and optimistic leads to a happier life
（2023·重庆·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）“I know when to go out, and when to stay in.”, English rock
star David Bowie once confidently sang in his hit single. When it comes to consuming food, the decisiveness
claimed by the singer-songwriter is hard to achieve. I disagree with the statement and argue it’s better to eat out
than to order home delivery.
To begin with, when setting foot in a restaurant, we’re immediately greeted not only by a server ready to seat
us, but by a flood of physical feelings—the eyes take in the internal decoration of the place, the nose breathes in the
pleasant smell of expertly plated food and the ears pick up on competing sounds of customer chatter and attractive
in-store music. To eat out is to experience an atmosphere unique to each restaurant. Something as special as that
simply can’t be reproduced by ordering home delivery. Eating out is, without doubt, the more exciting and thus
better choice.
Eating out becomes even more appealing when staying home proves too painful. Whether it is because we
need a temporary fight from our family or that we simply want to spend some quality time outside with loved ones,
going out for a meal can be a break from the hard labour of domestic living.
We could take it as an opportunity for self-care—to treat ourselves by dressing up, arriving in style at a fancy
restaurant and ordering a slightly more luxurious meal to refresh our weary soul. Ordering home delivery would
only contribute to feelings of being penned in while; eating out is an escape for the trapped individual. Food
delivery app users reason it’s a trouble and less convenient to dress up and eat out.
However, it’s worth noting we may not always get our food in the most satisfactory condition when opting for
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 8home delivery. There’s a risk of receiving food orders with missing items or even entirely wrong orders that can’t
be sent back. What we sacrifice for convenience might just wind up being inconvenient. Consequently, it makes
more sense to eat out rather than risk disappointment by ordering home delivery.
52．What does the author mainly talk about?
A．Dining options. B．Cuisine culture.
C．Consumption level. D．Food categories.
53．What advantage of eating out is highlighted in paragraph 2?
A．Quality service. B．Comfort and convenience.
C．Sensory enjoyment. D．A reasonable mix of nutrition.
54．What does the author think of ordering home delivery?
A．It’s quite pricey. B．It may let consumers down.
C．It may cause food waste. D．It’s not environmental-friendly.
55．How is the text developed?
A．By providing examples. B．By following space order.
C．By making comparisons. D．By analyzing mental processes.
考点三 标题归纳题
理解标题的三大特点，巧用三大方法确定文章标题。
一个好的标题应具备三大特点：
1．概括——准确而又简短；
2．针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；
3．醒目——能引发读者的阅读欲望。
因此有必要掌握以下三大方法：
1．正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；
2．反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原
文章对照，一一排除不符选项；
3．研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。
【2022 年北京卷】Quantum ( 量子 ) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been
sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 9humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson
who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.
For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies
have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum
machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is
the sort of hype ( 炒作 ) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep.
“What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing
researchers.”
As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the
public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises,
excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have
gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype,
Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand.” And
that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about
PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those
concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.
The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” to building a “useful”
quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.”
He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what
we are doing with others.”
Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I don’t know.
I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just
as I trust Johnson.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?
B. Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?
C. Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?
D. Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 10（2023·福建泉州·泉州五中校考一模）Technology seems to discourage slow reading. Reading on screens
tires eyes easily. So online writing is more skimmable than print. The neuroscientist Mary Walt argued this “new
norm” of skim reading is producing “an invisible, dramatic transformation” in how readers process words. And
brains now favor rapid absorption of information, rather than skills developed by deeper reading, like critical
analysis.
We shouldn’t overplay this danger. All readers skim. Skimming is the skill we acquire as we learn to read more
skillfully. And fears about declining attention spans have proved to be false alarms. “Some critics worry about
attention span and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline, ” The American author Selvin wrote. “But
nobody ever said poems were evidence of short attention spans. ”
Yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read. First, it means there’s more to read, because more
people than ever are writing. And digital writing means rapid release and response. Once published, online articles
start forming a comment string underneath. Such mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun, but is
probably lacking in profound reflection.
Perhaps we should slow down. Reading is constantly promoted as a source of personal achievement. But this
advocacy emphasizes “enthusiastic” or “eager” reading — neither suggest slow absorption. To a slow reader, a
piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in their slow comprehension of words. The
slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number of pool laps he’s done and just enjoys how his body
feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too determined for any new technology to destroy. We often
assume technological change can’t be stopped, so older media are kicked out by newer, more virtual forms. In
practice, older technologies can coexist with new ones. The Kindle hasn’t killed off printed books any more than
cars killed off bicycles. We still want to enjoy slowly-formed ideas and carefully-chosen words. Even in a fast-
moving age, there is time for slow reading.
1．What is the author’s attitude towards Selvin’s opinion?
A．Favorable. B．Critical. C．Doubtful. D．Objective.
2．Which statement would the author probably agree with?
A．Advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading.
B．Digital writing and reading tends to ignore careful reflection.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 11C．We should be aware of the impact skimming has on the brain.
D．The number of Internet readers declines due to technology.
3．Why is “swimmer” mentioned in paragraph 4?
A．To demonstrate how to immerse oneself in thought.
B．To stress swimming differs from reading.
C．To show slow reading is better than fast reading.
D．To illustrate what slow reading is like.
4．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Slow Reading is Here to Stay
B．Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C．Reflections on Deep Reading
D．The Wonder of Deep Reading
过关检测
（2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测）It’s unlikely that you come home from a trip and stand on top of your
bed still wearing your street shoes. For some travellers, putting their suitcase on their bed is just as disgusting (令人
反感的). The wheels of our luggage paced the same soiled path as our shoes, rolling through airport bathrooms,
sidewalks and public transportation.
While it might sound terrible to put a worldly bag on your bed, is it actually harmful to your health? According
to Phyllis Kozarsky, an expert travel health consultant, most public health professionals don’t consider luggage a
major transmitter (传播者) of disease.
“We have not identified outbreaks related to dirty luggage,” Kozarsky says. Travellers may benefit from
cleaning their luggage if they suspect that their hotel rooms are overrun with bedbugs. “Then they certainly would
benefit by cleaning it after they returned home,” Kozarsky says.
Even if your luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you, you might still be disgusted. After all, travel is an
experience full of bacteria. “You have people... carrying all types of different bacteria. Some of them are sick, and
you now have them populating these public travel places,” says Colleen Costello, CEO of Vital Vio, a company that
makes antibacterial LED lights. Your fellow travellers have to touch all the same things you have to touch, from the
TSA checkpoint to the airplane, the train ticketing machine to the handrail in your train car.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 12For peace of mind, Costello recommends giving your bag a quick disinfection or storing it on a luggage shelf.
Of course, you could go beyond disinfecting your luggage wheels and clean thoroughly the rest of your travel
experience — the airplane tray table, hotel room door and remote control.
But Kozarsky doesn’t guarantee that lifestyle. “It’s hard to keep up with every doorhandle, every railing,”
Kozarsky says. “You can become a little neurotic (神经质的) that way.”
5．What’s the function of the first paragraph?
A．To predict the conclusion. B．To present the argument.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To describe the phenomenon.
6．What does Kozarsky convey by explaining the luggage-cleaning case?
A．Luggage touching your bed won’t hurt you. B．Luggage spreads disease through your bed.
C．It’s a must to clean your luggage after travelling. D．Travellers should be careful of on-way dangers.
7．How does Costello support his opinion?
A．By giving examples. B．By stating facts.
C．By making comparisons. D．By listing figures.
8．What does Kozarsky think of Costello’s suggestion?
A．It has gone too far. B．It’s absolutely worthless.
C．It sounds somewhat reasonable. D．It’s worth taking into consideration.
（2022·内蒙古包头·包头市第四中学校考模拟预测）Common phrases like “no pains, no gains” give the
impression that we ought to be suffering while we study. It’s almost as though the only way to know if we’re
putting in enough work is the sense of hardship we bear.
When we haven’t taken the time to come up with another strategy, all we know how to do is shut ourselves in
a room with a book. It’s no surprise that we find revision boring and difficult. Just as children learn from playing,
we can learn from doing, or at least from study techniques that engage us, rather than make us switch off.
Shutting yourself away can make you learn to hate studying. This leads to a situation where instead of being
able to concentrate on your work, you obsess about (唠叨)how unfair it is that you must study. When you feel bitter
about your work it’s very difficult to make yourself start, or approach it with enthusiasm. This can be part of a
vicious cycle (恶性循环) that traps you into ineffective revision, your poor progress fuelling further bitterness. Just
being around other people really helps fight against feelings of loneliness and, thankfully, it’s perfectly possible to
work in the company of other people. We just need to learn how to deal with distractions.
It’s not necessary to avoid all company, just idle (懒散的) company. Studying in the same room with someone
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 13who is ironing or working out is perfectly possible. People who are bored and looking to be distracted, however, are
terrible to work around. They constantly try to keep others in conversation. It’s also a good idea to avoid the
company of people engaged in activities that you would rather be doing than studying. Working while sitting next
to someone playing video games is much more likely to end with a new high score than a productive few hours of
revision. If being around others means working in a noisy environment, a pair of headphones and some background
music can block out noises. They also act as a psychological barrier, so that people think twice before interrupting
you.
When you’re studying for a big exam, it seems like your whole life is taken up with study. Being in the same
room with friends and family can lessen feelings of isolation (孤立). Also connecting with other people makes us
happy, so it’s important not to give that up and to make sure that we take the time to socialize.
9．What is the author’s attitude to the saying “no pains, no gains”?
A．Serious. B．Positive C．Negative D．Uncaring.
10．What should you do if you are studying in a noisy environment?
A．Give indication of not wanting to be interrupted.
B．Give up others’ company at once.
C．Think twice before taking any action.
D．Force yourself to be accustomed to the environment.
11．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A．Ways to deal with distractions.
B．How to choose a perfect place to study.
C．Learning problems students are faced with.
D．How to focus mind on study.
12．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To encourage students to work hard.
B．To introduce effective learning strategies
C．To remind students to balance study and play.
D．To advise students study in the company of others.
（2023·山西·校联考模拟预测）What do you want from life? Perhaps you want to spend more time with
your family, or get a more secure job, or improve your health. But why do you want those things? Chances are that
your answer will come down to one thing: Happiness.
Yet there is some evidence that too much pursuit of happiness is associated with a greater risk of depression.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 14Modern conceptions of happiness are primarily practical, focusing on what we might call the techniques of
happiness. The concern is not what happiness is, but instead on how to get it.
But maximizing pleasure isn’t the only option. Every human life, even the most fortunate, is filled with pain.
Painful loss, painful disappointments, the physical pain of injury or sickness, and the mental pain of long-suffering
boredom, loneliness, or sadness. Pain is an unavoidable consequence of being alive. All the good things in life
involve suffering. Writing a novel, running a marathon, or giving birth all cause suffering in pursuit of the final,
joyous result.
There are other factors as well. In the eyes of Aristotle, we get happiness by exercising our uniquely human
capabilities to think and reason. But thinking and reasoning are as much social activities as they are individual.
Happiness requires others; it is not an emotional state so much as it is the excellence of the relations we cultivate
with other people.
But even that cannot guarantee happiness. Aristotle recognised that our happiness is hostage（人质）to
fortune. Events beyond any individual’s control—war, poverty, and global pandemics—will often make happiness
impossible. Happiness is not a mental state that can be permanently won, but instead it’s a practice which we hone
（磨练）, imperfectly, in circumstances only partly of our making.
Recognizing this will not secure a good life, but it will avoid the illusory（虚幻的）hope of permanent
contentment. No life worth living should meet the only standard. Instead, aim with Aristotle to embrace those faults
and to flower in spite of them.
13．Where can you find negative effects of focusing too much on “happiness”?
A．In paragraph 2. B．In paragraph 3.
C．In paragraph 4. D．In paragraph 5.
14．How does the author prove that pain is an unavoidable result of being alive?
A．By making comparisons. B．By analyzing causes.
C．By giving examples. D．By telling stories.
15．What is Aristotle’s view on happiness?
A．Happiness is a stable emotional state.
B．Good personal relationships lead to happiness.
C．Taking part in social activities guarantees happiness.
D．Happiness promotes independent thinking and reasoning.
16．What is the text mainly about?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 15A．Happiness is what humans pursue forever.
B．Happiness lies in the process of pursuing it.
C．Our pursuit of happiness may be imperfect.
D．Depression and happiness are equally important.
（2023·四川·校联考模拟预测）Nearly 10,000 protesters came out in support of the Black Lives Matter rally
in London. Londoners filled Victoria Park in support of the Black Lives Matter movement against the systemic
racism and police brutality (暴行) happening in the United States and Canada.
The Black Lives Matter movement has seen thousands of people across Canada, the United States and the
world join together following the death of George Floyd, a black man died in police custody after a white police
officer was filmed kneeling on his neck. Floyd’s death in Minneapolis was only the latest in a number of cases of
Black men dying while in police custody.
“Racism happens here, it happens to me, it happens to my son, it happens to my friends, and we have just been
quiet and silent for far too long,” said Alexandra Kane, a spokesperson for Black Lives Matter London movement.
She is hoping that from the Black Lives Matter movements they can see reform and changes within the government
so that both Black and Indigenous people are “viewed and treated fairly”. “We want people within our own Black
community to know we support each other. We don’t often congregate and come together, but now we can do so
safely without the fear of being put into a stereotypical category.”
“I can’t even begin to name all of the times in the 18 years of my life that someone or something has made me
feel less than because of the color of my skin,” one of the organizers, Simone Schacht, said when speaking at the
rally. Meanwhile, “It disgusts me because we are human beings just like anyone else and we should not be treated
differently,” cried 10-year-old Noah.
Nichelle Samuel was there with her husband and daughter in solidarity with her fellow Black Canadians
calling for change. “Every time my husband leaves the house, it’s a constant worry something may happen,” she
said. “Seeing what happens in the states only kind of effects here on a silent level. I want this rally to let people
know this stuff happens silently, and if you see it, you hear it, do something about it.”
17．What does the author indicate to us by the example of Floyd in Paragraph 2?
A．American police are very violent.
B．Floyd’s tragic death was caused by a white cop.
C．People all over the world sympathized with Floyd.
D．Black people have long suffered from racial discrimination.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 1618．Who was involved in organization of Black Lives Matter rally in London?
A．Nichelle Samuel. B．Alexandra Kane. C．Simone Schacht. D．Noah.
19．What does the underlined word “congregate” probably mean?
A．unite B．defeat C．transform D．congratulate
20．Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A．The government should not be blamed for the failure of white police.
B．The death of Floyd was a trigger for the Black Lives Matter.
C．Discrimination based on skin color is bad but inevitable.
D．Black Lives Matter rally may not work.
（2022·四川凉山·统考三模）What is the first thing that comes to your mind when you hear the word
“hero” ? Is it someone who wears a cape and can fly in the air? There are onscreen heroes like the superheroe in
Avengers, and there are also everyday heroes in our lives.
Whether they’re championship athletes, groundbreaking scientists, programmers changing the world with a
keyboard, firefighters rushing into burning buildings, artists creating amazing images, or rescue dogs searching for
signs of life, they can be descried as “heroes”.
But what makes a person a hero?
In general, a hero is someone selfless, courageous and brave. These qualities drive heroes to help others in
times of need, even if they are scared. You can count on them to be there for you if something bad happens.
“The people that we set up as heroes are people that generally go above and beyond the call of the duty. They
do things that are extraordinary,” said Nick Carden, a psychologist at the AAPPHC Renaissance Center in the US.
However, why are some people heroic? Nick Carden said that heroes are made. “They probably are people that
have been influenced by and have been helped by or have been modeled or raised to have those as values.”
Ordinary people—just like you and me—are heroes in their own way, simply just by doing their part for their
families and communities. Cleaners, journalists, nurses, and bus drivers—the list goes on and on.
These ordinary people help keep order in our day-to-day lives. And, sometimes, when there are emergencies,
they show courage and bravery to help complete strangers in need.
Being a hero is a universal attribute(属性) of human nature. “The decision to act heroically is a choice that
many of us will be called upon to make at some point in time. Heroism becomes something that seems in the range
of possibilities for every person, perhaps inspiring more of us to answer the call,” heroism researchers Zeno Franco
and Philip Zimbardo wrote in Greater Good Magazine.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 17Most importantly, try to become your own hero. Be courageous, honest and a person with integrity. Once you
are your own hero, you can truly do anything you set your mind to.
21．Which of the following can be described as a hero?
A．A guide dog accompanying its blind owner.
B．A painter creating artwork worth millions of dollars.
C．A scientist developing a medicine having some side effects.
D．A programmer developing something decreasing working efficiency.
22．What kind of person should a hero be?
A．Brave and reliable. B．Selfish and honest.
C．Courageous and stubborn. D．Aggressive and handsome.
23．What is Nick Carden’s opinion about heroes?
A．They do brave things based on their responsibilities.
B．They can do great things beyond people’s expectations.
C．They are different from people because of extraordinary abilities.
D．They do great things to help others even if no one requires them to do so.
24．What is the author most likely to talk about next?
A．Why integrity is important for our life.
B．The most important qualities of heroes.
C．Figures we can learn from to become heroes.
D．Things we can do to become our own heroes.
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第一中学校考三模）We’ve all been there. It has been a long day, there is
nothing in the fridge, cooking seems arduous and the solution is obvious: takeaway. It’s easy for takeaways to
become a regular habit. At some point, you have to wonder: even if you don’t look different in the mirror, is it
doing you any harm?
There is some evidence that too many takeaways is linked to weight gain, but the relationship isn’t clear. A
2022 study found a connection between eating takeaway-style food in the 24 hours before taking the survey and
increased BMI in participants, although the researchers were careful to point out that they didn’t know whether
frequently eating takeaways made people overweight, or whether overweight people frequently eat takeaways.
There is, however, evidence that simply living near(or walking past)a takeaway outlet or two can have an impact on
body weight, with exposure to outlets near the workplace, most likely to tempt people.
But why? Well, takeaway food tends to be high in fat and salt - ingredients that are relatively cheap and taste
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 18good, making you more likely to reorder. There is also some evidence that junk food can be addictive, as the
combination of salt, fat and sugar makes it hard to stop eating.
There is also the nutritional quality of the ingredients themselves. “Most takeaways contain highly processed
ingredients and additives, nutrient-poor carbohydrates and plenty of deep-fried foods cooked in oil repeatedly
heated to high temperatures, says Pearson.
So, what is the message? If you must place that order, consider the options:
The worst offenders on any menu are likely to be fried foods, or anything covered in high-sugar sauces. If you
order Chinese food, go for steamed dumplings, grilled fish or soup. If you are going for Indian food, go heavy on
the side dishes, like bean and potato curries, which are often more flavourful and healthy.
Finally, try to cut your consumption: consider switching your daily routes, hide the menus, and delete the apps
on your phone.
25．What does the underlined word ‘arduous’ in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Attractive B．Troublesome
C．Confusing D．Dull
26．What are researchers still unclear about?
A．The cause and effect relationship of takeaways and being overweight
B．Whether there is any connection between takeaways and being overweight
C．Which ingredients in takeaway food are the most addictive
D．Whether takeaways near the workplace are more likely to attract people
27．Which takeaway choice would the writer consider least harmful?
A．Hamburgers and fries B．Indian main courses
C．Fried noodles D．Steamed dumplings
28．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Takeaways make you fat
B．Are takeaways harmful?
C．How to choose the best takeaway
D．How to avoid takeaways
（2023·辽宁锦州·渤海大学附属高级中学校考模拟预测）What’s more important in determining life
success-book smarts or street smarts? This question gets at the heart of an important debate contrasting the relative
importance of cognitive(认知的)intelligence (CI) and emotional intelligence (EI).
Cognitive intelligence is still recognized as an important element of success, particularly when it comes to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 19academic achievements. People with high cognitive intelligence typically do well in school, often earn more
money, and tend to be healthier in general.
But today experts recognize that cognitive intelligence is not the only determining factor of life success.
Instead, it is part of a complex range of influences-one that includes emotional intelligence. Many companies now
provide emotional intelligence training and use emotional intelligence tests as part of the hiring process. Research
has found that individuals with strong leadership potential also tend to be more emotionally intelligent, suggesting
that high emotional intelligence is an important equality for business leaders and managers. According to a survey
of hiring managers, almost 75% of the responders suggested that they valued an employee’s emotional intelligence
more than his cognitive intelligence.
Now that emotional intelligence is so important, can it be taught or strengthened? According to one meta-
analysis that looked at the results of social and emotional learning programmes, the answer to that question is
definitely yes. Strategies for teaching emotional intelligence include character education, modeling positive
behaviours, encouraging people to think about how others are feeling, and finding ways to be more empathetic(感
同身受的)towards others.
All in all, life success is a result of many factors. Both cognitive intelligence and emotional intelligence play
roles in overall success, as well as health, wellness, and happiness. Rather than focusing on which factors have a
prior influence, the greatest benefit may lie in learning to improve skills in multiple areas. In addition to
strengthening cognitive abilities, such as memory and mental focus, you can also acquire and improve social and
emotional skills.
33．What can we know about people with book smarts?
A．They can debate with other people.
B．They can deal with various situations.
C．They can be outstanding in academic research.
D．They can be good at gaining real life experience.
34．Why does the author mention the data in Paragraph 3?
A．To indicate the strictness of the hiring process.
B．To prove the importance of emotional intelligence.
C．To explain the result of emotional intelligence tests.
D．To show the influence of cognitive intelligence on success.
35．What can be learned concerning emotional intelligence?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 20A．Evaluating how others feel. B．One’s extreme behaviours
C．One’s academic performance. D．Controlling others’ emotions.
36．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Does book smarts matter? B．Is CI or El more important?
C．What counts most in life? D．Mental health or physical health?
（2023·湖北·模拟预测）Online classes began to be popularized just a few decades ago. They are advertised
as a way for adults to finish their education and students to learn the material at their own pace -- it is far more
suitable for people with busy schedules.
But after being enrolled in an online course last fall semester, I came to realize online classes were merely a
means to fulfil course requirements.
First of all, students lack the desire to learn and they simply complete their assignments to receive credit for a
passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material.
As online courses tend to have more than 100 students, most of the assignments are short and simple. They are
not designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed to be graded easily to accommodate
such a large number of students.
Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face interaction between
the teacher and their students. Live sessions are infrequent and are often scheduled during the middle of the day
when students have to attend other classes or work. The office hours of the professor may also be during
inconvenient times for many students as well. Most interaction with the professor has to be through email which is
often impersonal. It is nearly impossible for students to build a relationship with their professor.
There is also little interaction among students. It can be harder to create study groups and form relationships
with their peers.
Online classes also require either a computer or laptop and a reliable Internet connection. Not all students have
access to these types of resources, whether it is for financial or other reasons, and some students can be put at a
disadvantage.
Offering online classes certainly helps students who would otherwise not be able to attend classroom sessions.
However, they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on convenience rather than critical thinking.
We need restructured online classes in which students can have a learning experience that will actually provide
quality education.
37．What does the author say about students enrolled in online classes?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 21A．They are unmotivated to learn. B．They can access course materials easily.
C．They can learn at their own pace. D．They rarely fulfil the course requirements.
38．What does the author think of online course assignments?
A．They are based on easily accessible material.
B．They are meant to facilitate interaction.
C．They are made convenient to mark.
D．They are given to accommodate students’ needs.
39．What does the author say is one disadvantage of online classes?
A．They are frequently scheduled at irregular times.
B．They provide little chance for students to build relationships with each other.
C．They tend to increase professors’ burden of responding to students’ emails.
D．They make professors offices much less accessible.
40．What does the author think makes up a key part of genuine education?
A．Acquisition of useful knowledge.
B．Training of real-life skills on campus.
C．Development of students personalities.
D．Cultivation of analytical thinking ability.
（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·哈师大附中校考模拟预测）Even though people have been disabled playing sports
like rugby and football, extreme sports take the whole ordeal (磨难) to the next level. Sports like downhill cycling
are very dangerous because one would be going downhill, over rocky or dirt zones, through forests, even at
potentially deadly speeds. A slip-up could be your downfall.
Nobody who gets into extreme sports goes with the desire to do harm to themselves. With that, athletes train
for years and years before they attempt anything extreme. To most people, extreme sports are extreme simply
because they take more skill than what an average person has. An athlete with skill and training makes an extreme
thing become a daily routine, which does not wipe out the danger, but greatly reduces it.
Even when there is a lot of skill involved, things might not go the athlete’s way, not at all. Luck and
circumstances have a lot to do with how things develop, whether above 8, 000 meters or in a wood, going downhill.
In some places, crossing the street is an extreme sport, considering how wild traffic can get.
Some view parkour, the sports of running, jumping and climbing under, around and through buildings, as an
extreme sport, while it is more of a life philosophy, where the athlete does not have to do anything remotely
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 22dangerous. Free soloing, which means climbing a rock or ice face without safety gear, is absolutely deadly, where
one slip means almost certain death, depending on the height, of course. Skateboarding is relatively safe, but if you
constantly find ridiculous places to practice on, like the fence of a bridge, then things can get very complicated. The
extreme part depends on the athlete.
To summarize, yes, extreme sports are dangerous, but the danger depends on the athlete, their choice of sport,
direction in which they take it, as well as the circumstances. Some things are out of our control, while others we can
influence through exercise and healthier risk choices.
41．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about regarding extreme sports?
A．Extreme sports differ from one another.
B．Skill matters a lot in maintaining safety.
C．Athletes’ luck is a key factor that influences safety.
D．Extreme sports are more dangerous than regular sports.
42．Why are several extreme sports listed in Paragraph 4?
A．To explain danger depends on the athlete.
B．To show free soloing is the most dangerous.
C．To compare which one involves the most skill.
D．To demonstrate how to choose an extreme sport.
43．What is the author’s attitude towards the danger of extreme sports?
A．Objective. B．Doubtful.
C．Intolerant. D．Unconcerned.
44．Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A．Do Extreme Sports Test Your Courage?
B．Why Should Extreme Sports Be Banned?
C．Are Extreme Sports Really That Dangerous?
D．Why Do We Take to Extreme Sports So Much?
（2023·北京·北京四中校考模拟预测）The term “labor shortage” was Googled more in May. Headline after
headline has cited wage rises and bonuses that seem to make it a job hunter’s market.
The concept sounds simple —American companies must be struggling to find the employees they need. Yet
some labor economists would argue the picture isn’t complete. Employers are unable to find the workers they want
at the wages they’re willing to pay. Failing to appreciate this distinction could lead to policy errors down the road.
The laws of supply and demand should make spotting labor shortages relatively straightforward. When there
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 23aren’t enough workers, employers pay more to get them and wages go up.
Yet quickening wage growth isn’t the only mark of a shortage. The sign is seeing this trend alongside stalling
(停滞) job growth. Just look at what’s been happening in the leisure and hotel industry, among the most bruised by
the COVID-19 shutdown. After jobs almost disappeared during the pandemic, we’re starting to see a rebound: In
May, the industry created 292, 000 jobs, far outpacing other corners of the economy. Meanwhile, average weekly
earnings have been rising faster. In other words, the market is working to resolve a shortage: When employers lift
wages, they’re able to attract the employees they need. Yet, the industry wages are only just meeting pre-COVID
levels; they are not too high.
To assess a shortage accurately, though, you need to look beyond industries to specific locations and
occupations. The taxicab queuing model was used to address the debate about a shortage of workers in engineering.
Employers and job openings can be thought of as taxis, while workers are a line of waiting passengers. Depending
on your location, there may be a long line of taxis (say, at the airport), or on the contrary a long line of passengers
(at a hotel). Demand for chemistry engineers in Texas, for example, is different from chemistry engineers in
Massachusetts.
The bottom line is that, in the market, shortages are not universal. Simultaneous shortages and surpluses can
come to the force across the economy at any given point, which is why broad-brush policies can be
counterproductive.
45．What does May’s rebound jobs in the leisure and hotel industry tell us?
A．The leisure and hotel industry is doing a very successful business.
B．Rapid wage growth connects with stalling employment growth.
C．The economy recovered quickly after the COVID-19.
D．Employees are eager to work after the COVID-19.
46．Why does the author mention “The taxicab queuing model” in paragraph 5?
A．To explain an opinion. B．To clarify a concept.
C．To present a fact. D．To make a prediction.
47．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Job market is expected to be stronger
B．Take wisdom to assess labor shortages
C．Competitors are eager to keep talent
D．Let the market fix labor shortages
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 24（2023·湖南长沙·长郡中学校考模拟预测）Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be
happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in the world. While we appreciate such words of
wisdom, we rarely try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow
perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A
good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain because we spoil our health and even our
character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being: a direction, not a
destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their
happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only
when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work
accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty,
we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only
enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently,
our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others
also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.
If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, the car can’t
move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the
right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the
impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
48．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us?
A．Making us simple-minded. B．Making us short-sighted.
C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
49．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness?
A．Through maintaining good health.
B．By going through pain and suffering.
C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 25D．Through offering help much needed by others.
50．According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one ________.
A．less selfish B．less annoying
C．more motivated D．more responsible
51．According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge
（2023·广西·统考三模）Fashion rental has been on the increase for a few years, similar to trends such as up-
cycling and charity shopping. It seems likely to be another pandemic related trend, pushing people to think about
fashion consumption and sustainable living — a positive to come out of an isolating two years. Maybe more
sustainable way of looking and thinking about fashion is the industry’s future.
According to Fashion United, the fashion rental market is “expected to grow more than 10% year-on-year until
2027”. Rental is a positive in the rapidly changing world of fashion. It is not a trend; it is a solution to limiting the
unnecessary production and consumption of clothing.
Sue Ingle, owner of Heavenly Hat Hire, says her main customers are “those attending weddings and races”.
Discussing the cost of living, she explains how “people are unwilling to pay £200 for a hat they may only wear
once”, so paying a percentage of this on a rental is more affordable and therefore more accessible to a wider
audience.
Fashion rental is widening its market. Luxury department stores such as Selfridges and Harrods join forces
with rental companies to provide designer items on loan. So why go to a smaller business? From purchasing
experience, small businesses often have a more personal feel with extra touches, which are not needed but much
appreciated. Heavenly Hat Hire invites customers to book an appointment to try on hats. Sue names the hats to give
them a more personal feel and loves it when a customer comes in telling her “I don’t suit hats and never wear
them”, then an hour later leaves happily with a hat in hand.
If the pandemic revealed anything to the fashion industry, it is that no brand, no matter its scale, is completely
secure. We should support the companies thinking about environmental impact and making improvements to
become more sustainable. Small businesses providing this as well as exceptional services should get all our support.
Fashion rental is around to fill the gap in your wardrobe when necessary. As Sue says, “We all need to buy less
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 26and love what we already have a little bit more.”
60．What does the author intend to show in Paragraph 3?
A．The change of fashion. B．The reason for the rise of fashion rental.
C．The promising future of fashion rental. D．Rental’s accessibility to a wide audience.
61．Why are Selfridges and Harrods mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A．To prove fashion rental’s huge profit. B．To introduce some famous clothing brands.
C．To show fashion rental gains popularity. D．To appeal to more stores to join in the trade.
62．What type of smaller businesses should be chosen to cooperate with?
A．Fund-saving. B．Flexible and movable.
C．Fast developing. D．Eco-friendly.
63．What is the author s attitude towards fashion rental?
A．Approving. B．Critical. C．Objective. D．Unclear.
（2023·河北衡水·河北衡水中学校考模拟预测）Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent
mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about tweens and teens who
are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and
peers in an “always on” world.
We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because
there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s
not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too.
Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are
historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s
especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their
peers are doing and thinking.
Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both
public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled
into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right
amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager,
especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’s a close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful.
The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been:
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 27mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather
and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the
burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are lost on
adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.
64．What makes teenagers’ networks continue to expand?
A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents.
C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently.
65．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media?
A．Exciting. B．Challenging. C．Money-saving. D．Risk-taking.
66．What should be changed according to the last paragraph?
A．The qualities of being a teen friend.
B．The conflicts between schools and parents.
C．The relations between parents and their teens.
D．The influences of social media on teen friendship.
67．What is the text mainly about?
A．Why more teens are addicted to social media
B．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships
C．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful
D．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers’ needs
（2022·湖北·校联考模拟预测）A measure in the House’s $ 2 trillion economic bill would require states to
cut greenhouse gas emissions (排放) promising rewards for transportation departments that post reductions and
“consequences” for those that don’t.
Peter A．DeFazio, chairman of the Transportation Committee, said the proposal is designed to push states to
act. “We’re going to give them very large motivation to actually make those meaningful targets and deliver on those
targets,” he said. According to the proposal, states that cut emissions could get a $ 1 billion pot of money and
potentially receive other bonus funding from the federal government. The bill doesn’t spell out potential
consequences for not reducing emissions, leaving the decision to national transportation officials. Experts say they
could include barriers to accessing highly prized grant funds (拨款).
Much of the attention on cutting emissions from the transport industry-the nation’s largest emitter of
greenhouse gases-has focused on the adoption of electric vehicles by putting money in charging factories and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 28supporting battery-powered cars. The new measure sides with environmental advocates who argue the nation can’t
battle a changing climate without changing how Americans move around. Environmentalists say the nation’s
changing to electric vehicles probably won’t happen quickly enough to limit temperature rises unless Americans
can be convinced to drive less, and that would mean building new networks focused on walking, cycling and transit
(运输).
Opposition to the emission measure is deep-seated. The heads of five western state transportation departments
wrote a letter to Capitol’s committee last month saying the proposal would harm rural areas because options such as
heavy-traffic pricing are not well-suited to places which are populated in few people, and it doesn’t make sense to
target those state agencies when there are multiple reasons that influence emissions, including fuel economy
standards for cars and local decisions about where to build stores and homes.
Kevin DeGood, a transportation researcher, said basic construction shape how people can get around. “It is
funny that the state transportation departments suggest in the letter that they do not deeply influence greenhouse gas
emissions from the transportation industry,” he said.
68．How does the government provide motivation?
A．By praising. B．By punishing.
C．By financing. D．By restricting.
69．What is an intended result of the bill?
A．Greatly changed climate. B．More convenient stores.
C．Stable fuel economy standards. D．Eco-friendly transport system.
70．Why did some states mention heavy-traffic pricing?
A．To oppose the emission measure. B．To introduce solutions to emission.
C．To call for attention to rural areas. D．To list several reasons for emission.
71．What’s Kevin’s attitude towards the letter in paragraph 4?
A．Supportive. B．Disapproving.
C．Shocked. D．Confident.
（2023·安徽合肥·合肥市第八中学校考模拟预测）As an education specialist, I believe the best way to
prepare students for colleges and careers is to focus on providing instructional programs and opportunities that help
them become good thinkers. To do this, teachers and actually everyone else in a community, should play a role as a
“cognitive(认知)coach” to students, helping develop good thinkers among our youth.
The best way for you to become a cognitive coach is to seek out and engage school children and adolescents in
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 29meaningful conversations. The objective here is to get kids talking about what they think, how they feel, and what
they believe whenever and wherever you may find them. It may be in a classroom. It may be at the grocery store. It
may be at a basketball game. It doesn’t matter where as long as you engage students in a topical conversation and,
hopefully, even a debate. Mainly, you want to encourage students to voice their opinion about things. Get them to
take a position on “this thing, or that thing,” and ask them to support their position with evidence. Curiously
enough, the simple process of engaging students in real life conversations and debates will serve to strengthen what
they have learned in the classroom, and help them create their own knowledge about a subject or a topic.
Learning indicates that a student has been exposed to material, understands the material, and can recall the
information. Knowledge, on the other hand, goes beyond recall and includes information processing, application to
other situations, consideration of meaning, and contrasting with other concepts. Naturally, the topic of conversation
you engage in with one of your learners will differ from student to student, and in the level of complexity based on
child’s age and developmental level. Even a kindergartener has an opinion about things that are going on in his or
her life. Engaging in conversation with any members of your learning community in ways that get at what they
have learned and what they know will help them develop higher order reasoning skills.
A student’s synthetic thinking(综合思维)process occurs when a respected adult asks a question, particularly a
question that requires reflection. I think all adults in a community have a responsibility to help children with this
process, with the goal of producing independent thinkers.
72．What contributes most to developing good young thinkers?
A．Debating with classmates. B．Learning from respected adults.
C．Engaging in challenging activities. D．Putting forward a sensible argument.
73．Which is the best question raised by a cognitive coach?
A．What have you learnt recently? B．What nationality is Elbert Einstein?
C．Why do you like playing football? D．Where are you going this weekend?
74．What does the author want to show by mentioning a kindergartener?
A．Being a good young thinker is important.
B．Choosing conversation topics accordingly is essential.
C．Cultivating good young thinkers should start as early as possible.
D．Even children have their unique and independent ways of thinking.
75．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To state an education idea. B．To assess a teaching strategy.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 30C．To introduce a learning method. D．To compare different education methods.
（2023·广东佛山·统考模拟预测）On Monday, I walked into a conference center and,instead of flashing an
ID card with my name and photo, I positioned myself in front of a head-height camera the size of my fist. Seconds
later, the screen read: “PLEASE ENTER.” No one scanned the digital pass. My face might already be an enty
ticket. Hair-raising? Cool?
As facial-recognition access points are everywhere in public places including airports and concert locations,
you might be wondering how you’re supposed to feel about it. Companies using face-matching software say it is
speedy, convenient, and contactless for customers. Most also stress that it’s only a choice. Meanwhile, lawmakers
are looking to tighten regulations around use of this kind of technology because of privacy concerns
The answer comes down to the individual. It helps if you know the company: Do you want this company
storing your personal information? What happens to your face image once you no longer need the service?
Facial recognition works by creating a map of your face. The map contains your unique measurements — the
distance between your forehead and chin, or between your eyes. These data are then changed into code called a face
print. It’s how your iPhone’s Face ID identifies you or how Google Photos can group photos of your kids
A company that stores your face data could keep it. Or the data could be acquired by a company that has an
entirely different purpose than what you agreed to. This kind of misuse is a guess. However you can’t always track
where your face ends up: One company sold facial-recognition tech based on billions of images from social media
and other sources.
While you have the ability not to choose facial recognition, it could eventually come at a cost Think of how
the cash lane at a toll stop is almost always far slower than the E-ZPass lanes. Facial recognition will only become
more common in our travels and entertainment, as well as other areas such as education and banking. We’ve just
begun to understand the advantages and disadvantages.
76．Why does the author mention his experience in paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To share his story with the readers
C．To promote the technology. D．To question the safety measures
77．What is a face print?
A．A facial-recognition software
B．A company that stores personal information
C．A code that contains unique measurements of a face.
D．A regulation for facial- recognition technology
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 3178．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．The misuse of the technology
B．The risk of exposing personal data
C．The difficulty of tracking personal data
D．The incorrect way to identify individuals
79．What is the author’s attitude to the use of the facial recognition technology?
A．Concerned. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Uninterested
（2023·江苏扬州·统考模拟预测）Hospice (临终安养院) services benefit only about one person in three
who dies in the US. “There are still over one million Americans who die each year without receiving hospice
services,” according to a report produced in 2003. And for most who do get hospice care, their time in hospice is so
short that staff members often lack the opportunity to provide the best care for their physical and emotional needs.
There are several reasons that more patients do not go into hospice care earlier. One is that Medicare (医疗保
险) doesn’t cover the cost of patients’ life-extending treatment if they enter hospice. Medicare also requires that the
doctor referring someone for hospice care must declare that the patient is expected to die within six months. As a
result, some doctors hesitate about making an early referral to avoid being accused of cheating. Finally, there are
simply not enough hospice centers and services available to meet the needs of dying patients throughout the
country.
Many patients still have some concern over how hospice works. The philosophy of hospice is to neither
accelerate nor postpone death. As Dr. Matt Kestenbaum, a hospice director, put it: “We let nature take its course,
and we give patients all the things they need to be comfortable.”
Dying “naturally” in hospice does not deny patients the treatment for common diseases like blood clots.
Hospice expenses are automatically covered by Medicare and most insurers provide hospice coverage as well.
Choosing hospice care does not mean patients lose the services of their personal doctors. They can return to
regular insurance benefits when they leave hospice care because their condition improves or they want a therapy
the hospice does not provide.
One thing bothering doctors is that patients will lose hope if they go into hospice. But the goal should be to
refocus hope on what might be realistically achieved in the time remaining. A patient who enters hospice can have
the opportunity to spend quality time with family and friends and settle unfinished business.
80．Why don’t many patients go to hospice earlier?
A．Because patients have to stay in hospice for a long time.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 32B．Because Medicare requirements aren’t in favor of hospice.
C．Because doctors can’t predict how long patients will live.
D．Because most hospice services are far away from patients.
81．What is the aim of hospice services?
A．To extend patients’ life. B．To ease patients’ sufferings.
C．To reduce patients’ costs. D．To settle patients’ business.
82．What concern might patients have about entering hospice?
A．They will lose treatment for common diseases.
B．Hospice can’t provide the treatment they need.
C．Doctors may give them unrealistic hope.
D．They will be separated from their family.
83．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?
A．To criticize America’s Medicare system.
B．To explain why hospice is unpopular.
C．To introduce the way hospice works.
D．To popularize hospice services.
（2023·河北·统考二模）Teens interested in losing weight, for instance, got advertisements for unhealthy tips
on how to become anorexic (厌食者). Such advertisements targeted these kids in hopes of persuading them to try
things that were either dangerous or illegal at their age.
Advertisements are just one example of persuasion—trying to change another’s mind. Advertisements may try
to convince us to buy something or do something new and different. Marketing is a field of persuasion designed to
sell things, notes Jacob Teeny. Persuasion can be used to sell things. At its worst, it can be used to control people.
Clearly, persuasion can be used for good and bad.
People open to new experiences tend to be more easily persuaded, Teeny says. But open-minded people can
resist some persuasive arguments—such as the idea that eating junk food is cool. And closed-minded people can
sometimes be persuaded. “If you haven’t really thought about the arguments” ahead of time, Teeny says, you’re
going to be “much more persuadable.”
You might resist the message if you think about it as you listen to it for the first time. You might find reasons
why their line of reasoning does not make sense by spotting holes in someone’s argument. But when you’re busy or
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 33distracted, you are easier to be persuaded, Teeny says.
“Persuasion is a science,” Teeny says. In fact, he notes, “It’s studied as one.” So educate yourself about the
factors that go into persuasion. You will become more persuasive about the social appeals that matter to you, he
says. At the same time, you will become more resistant to undue (不适当的) persuasion by others.
84．Why are advertisements mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A．To introduce the topic. B．To explain its function.
C．To ask children to lose weight. D．To tell teens to avoid dangerous things.
85．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．Marketing is designed to sell things.
B．Persuasion is used to control people.
C．Persuasion has advantages and disadvantages.
D．We should follow advertisements to buy things.
86．How can you find an argument unreasonable?
A．By working busily. B．By being distracted.
C．By being closed-minded. D．By finding its weak points.
87．What does the writer think of “knowing about persuasion”?
A．Useful. B．Interesting. C．Difficult. D．Wasteful.
（2023·辽宁丹东·统考二模）Oxford Dictionaries’ word of the year for 2022 was “goblin mode”: A type of
behavior, which is lazy, messy, or greedy, typically in a way that rejects social norms or expectations. If we all got
used to making our home comfortable and beautiful, it feels like last year was the year we gave up: Embracing the
mess and the chaos that comes with normal life.
In fact, organized mess has been on the rise for a while, with the arrival of the term “cluttercore”, the art of
having masses of stuff in your home and embracing color and noise. Think messy maximalism: Chaos, but lovingly
displayed chaos.
Clean spaces don’t lend themselves to innovation, which is why so many geniuses do their work in cluttered
studios and chaotic offices. They don’t see the mess—they see possibility. Ever known the type of person to store
crayons in the microwave and books in the laundry bin? That’s probably because they thrive on disorder. That kind
of mess creates the connections that bring them to their next great idea. They need their environment to clash—
messes offer new ways of seeing the world. So don’t worry that your house is too messy; it just might spark your
next genius invention.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 34Messy people have their own unique ways of keeping organized. You wouldn’t know from looking at their
piles of clutter, but they know exactly what’s in them—and how to find what they’re looking for in time. Though
they look messy to you, there’s a definite method to the madness. These piles are, in fact, hyper-organized and
everything is easy to access. Some chefs thrive in workspaces cluttered with ingredients at the ready.
Improvisation(即兴创作) in cooking—a little of this, a little of that—works best in a messy kitchen. Painters,
writers, scientists and inventors throughout history have often worked in disorder. They aren’t merely lazy, but they
have their own way of dealing with clutter. They know exactly where everything is and that’s just the way they like
it.
88．What does the writer suggest in the first paragraph?
A．Learning the word for the year 2022. B．Rejecting social norms or expectations.
C．Being open to a life of mess and chaos. D．Making homes comfortable and beautiful.
89．What do we know about organized mess?
A．It is an art of arranging our homes in order. B．It is another type of chaos lovingly displayed.
C．It enjoys greater popularity than cluttercore. D．It helps make our life full of color and noise.
90．What does the underlined word “possibility” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The potential of being a genius. B．The risk of becoming a messy person.
C．The chance of getting great inspiration. D．The danger of causing a kitchen accident.
91．Which of the following best fits those examples in the last paragraph?
A．A cook, who hardly remembers where the vinegar is.
B．A professor, who always forgets when to have a class.
C．A musician, who clearly knows where to find his drafts.
D．A clerk, who often wonders which papers are important.
真题演练
2023年阅读理解议论文
Passage 1
【2023年全国乙卷】If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege one
part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts, while
most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until fairly
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 35recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,
but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps
the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English
side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only
a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what
was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written
reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or
deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often
have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of
Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most
powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider
contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily
twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just
the texts, but the objects.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. How past events should be presented. B. What humanity is concerned about.
C. Whether facts speak louder than words. D. Why written language is reliable.
13. What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?
A. His report was scientific. B. He represented the local people.
C. He ruled over Botany Bay. D. His record was one-sided.
14. What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Problem. B. History. C. Voice. D. Society.
15. Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?
A. How Maps Tell Stories of the World B. A Short History of Australia
C. A History of the World in 100 Objects D. How Art Works Tell Stories
2022年阅读理解议论文
Passage1
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 36【2022年全国甲卷】Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The
city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there —
broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole
morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went
our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean?” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not
fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and traditions are
increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s,
Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she
said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that
we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a
thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me.
“What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the
Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a
drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
13. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds?
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
14. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney?
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 3715. Which statement will the author probably agree with?
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
Passage2
【2022 年北京卷】Quantum ( 量子 ) computers have been on my mind a lot lately. A friend has been
sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as
humans. I’ve also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts. One is computer scientist Chris Johnson
who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest. The other is physicist Philip Taylor.
For decades, quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity. Now, big tech companies
have invested in quantum computing, as have many smaller ones. According to Business Weekly, quantum
machines could help us “cure cancer, and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction.” This is
the sort of hype ( 炒作 ) that annoys Johnson. He worries that researchers are making promises they can’t keep.
“What’s new,” Johnson wrote, “is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing
researchers.”
As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the
public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential. If researchers can’t keep their promises,
excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Lots of other technologies have
gone through stages of excitement. But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype,
Johnson suggests, perhaps because “‘quantum’ stands for something cool you shouldn’t be able to understand.” And
that brings me back to Taylor, who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum.
After I read the book, Taylor patiently answered my questions about it. He also answered my questions about
PyQuantum, the firm he co-founded in 2016. Taylor shares Johnson’s concerns about hype, but he says those
concerns do not apply to PyQuantum.
The company, he says, is closer than any other firm “by a very large margin ( 幅度 )” to building a “useful”
quantum computer, one that “solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise.”
He adds, “People will naturally discount my opinions, but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what
we are doing with others.”
Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition “by a wide margin”, as Taylor claims? I don’t know.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 38I’m certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers. But I trust Taylor, just
as I trust Johnson.
31. Regarding Johnson’s concerns, the author feels ________.
A. sympathetic B. unconcerned C. doubtful D. excited
32. What leads to Taylor’s optimism about quantum computing?
A. His dominance in physics. B. The competition in the field.
C. His confidence in PyQuantum. D. The investment of tech companies.
33. What does the underlined word “prone” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?
A. Open. B. Cool. C. Useful. D. Resistant.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor?
B. Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology?
C. Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being?
D. Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype?
Passage3
【2022年天津卷第二次】Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be
useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely
try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow
perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A
good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our
character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a
destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their
happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only
when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work
accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty,
we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only
enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently,
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 39our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others
also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.
If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, th car can’t move;
if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right
knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the
impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
51. What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us?
A. Making us simple-minded B. Making us short-signted.
C. Leading us onto a busy road. D. Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
52. According to the author, how can one gain true happiness?
A. Through maintaining good health.
B. By going through pain and suffering.
C. By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D. Through offering help much needed by others.
53. According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________.
A. less selfish B. less annoying
C. more motivated D. more responsible
54. In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results?
A. When we have wrong knowledge of the world.
B. When our love for the world is insufficient.
C. When we are insensitive to dangers in life.
D. When we stay blind to the reality.
55. According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A. inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B. directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C. purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D. promoted by love and defined by knowledge
2021年阅读理解议论文
Passage1
【2021年全国甲卷】Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 40Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want
to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more
intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this
is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to
the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different
color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say
that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that
belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our
planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the
answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes
of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender,
race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with
“intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective. D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 41C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck
Passage2
【2021年全国乙卷】When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian
homes still paying for a landline（座机）?
These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t own a mobile
phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls
anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter （29%） rely only
on their smartphones according to a survey （调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third
concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it
while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is naturally a factor
（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby
Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do
with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone
rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be honest the only people who ever
ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling
before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline? How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk
deliveries?
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones?
A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity.
C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design.
25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Admit. B. Argue.
C. Remember. D. Remark.
26. What can we say about Baby Boomers?
A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family.
27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 42A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall out of use some day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as important as the gas light.
Passage3
【2021年北京卷】Early fifth-century philosopher St．Augustine famously wrote that he knew what time
was unless someone asked him．Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies
depending on where you measure it．Today's state-of-the-art atomic（原子的） clocks have proven Einstein
right．Even advanced physics can't decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question
you're asking．
Forget about time as an absolute．What if，instead of considering time in terms of astronomy,we related time
to ecology？What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo（节奏） of human life？We're
increasingly aware of the fact that we can't control Earth systems with engineering alone，and realizing that we
need to moderate（调节）our actions if we hope to live in balance．What if our definition of time reflected that？
Recently，I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that's connected to circumstances on our planet，
conditions that might change as a result of global warming．We're now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum
that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers，which are sensitive to local and global environmental
changes．We've programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their present rate．If
the rivers run faster in the future on average，the clock will get ahead of standard time．If they run slower，you'll
see the opposite effect．
The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics．It's a sort of
observatory that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame（时间框架），and allows us
to witness those changes on our smartwatches or phones．Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will
live in harmony with the planet．Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a
major imbalance and may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies．
Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars，early agricultural societies also connected time
to natural phenomena．In pre-Classical Greece，for instance，people“corrected”official calendars by shifting
dates forward or backward to reflect the change of season．Temporal connection to the environment was vital to
their survival．Likewise，river time and other timekeeping systems we're developing may encourage
environmental awareness．
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 43When St．Augustine admitted his inability to define time， he highlighted one of time 's most noticeable
qualities：Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context．Any timekeeping system is valid，and each is as
praiseworthy as its purpose．
.
31 What is the main idea of Paragraph 1？
A. Timekeeping is increasingly related to nature．
B. Everyone can define time on their own terms．
C. The qualities of time vary with how you measure it．
D. Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists．
32. The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to________．
A. present an assumption B. evaluate an argument
C. highlight an experiment D. introduce an approach
33. What can we learn from this passage？
A. Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life．
B. New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems．
C. Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower．
D. Modern technology may help to shape the rivers’ temporal frame．
34. What can we infer from this passage？
A. It is crucial to improve the definition of time．
B. A fixed frame will make time meaningless．
C. We should live in harmony with nature．
D. History is a mirror reflecting reality．
Passage4
【2021年天津卷第一次】About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It
worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning.
Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.
I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst
into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the
months.
The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The
uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special.
“Let's make a cake for Dad!” I cried.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 44My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons
on the walls! Flowers on the table!
Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a
glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed
loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.
Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful
attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary series The Last Dance.
The poignancy of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to
make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it
with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the layer that no longer served him, just as our lizard had.
Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after
everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.
Humans do not shed skin as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is
tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.
Jordan said that no matter how it ends, it starts with hope. With our tender, hopeful skin, that is where we
begin.
40．What can we learn about the pet lizard from Paragraph 1?
A．Its tank grew dirty. B．Its old skin came off.
C．It got a skin disease. D．It went missing.
41．Why did the author's husband have banana pudding for his birthday?
A．The birthday cake was ruined. B．The author made good puddings.
C．Pudding was his favorite dessert. D．They couldn't afford a birthday cake.
42．Why does the author mention The Last Dance in the passage?
A．To prove a theory. B．To define a concept.
C．To develop the theme. D．To provide the background.
43．The underlined part "leaving behind the layer" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .
A．letting go of the past B．looking for a new job
C．getting rid of a bad habit D．giving up an opportunity
44．What does the author most likely want to tell us?
A．Love of family helps us survive great hardships. B．It's not the end of the world if we break things.
C．We should move on no matter what happens.D．Past experiences should be treasured.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 45Passage5
【2021年天津卷第一次】There is something to be said for being a generalist, even if you are a specialist.
Knowing a little about a lot of things that interest you can add to the richness of a whole, well-lived life.
Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires commitment to a particular occupation,
branch of study or research. The drawback to being specialists is we often come to know more and more about less
and less. There is a great deal of pressure to master one's field. You may pursue training, degrees, or increasing
levels of responsibility at work. Then you discover the pressure of having to keep up.
Some people seem willing to work around the clock in their narrow specialty. But such commitment can also
weaken a sense of freedom. These specialists could work at the office until ten each night, then look back and
realize they would have loved to have gone home and enjoyed the sweetness of their family and friends, or traveled
to exciting places, meeting interesting people. Mastering one thing to the exclusion （排 除）of others can hold
back your true spirit.
Generalists, on the other hand, know a lot about a wide range of subjects and view the whole with all its
connections. They are people of ability, talent, and enthusiasm who can bring their broad perspective （视角）into
specific fields of expertise （专长）.The doctor who is also a poet and philosopher is a superior doctor, one who
can give so much more to his patients than just good medical skills.
Things are connected. Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas. Some of your
interests may not appear to be connected but, once you explore their depths, you discover that they are. My editor
Toni, who is also a writer, has edited several history books. She has decided to study Chinese history. Fascinated by
the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested to learn more about Chinese
philosophy. "I don't know where it will lead, but I'm excited I'm on this pursuit."
These expansions into new worlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin to see the
interconnectedness of one thing to another in all aspects of our life, of ourselves and the universe. Develop broad,
general knowledge and experience. The universe is all yours to explore and enjoy.
51．To become a specialist, one may have to_____.
A．narrow his range of knowledge
B．avoid responsibilities at work
C．know more about the society
D．broaden his perspective on life
52．The specialists mentioned in Paragraph 3 tend to______.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 46A．treasure their freedom
B．travel around the world
C．spend most time working
D．enjoy meeting funny people
53．According to the author, a superior doctor is one who_____.
A．is fully aware of his talent and ability
B．is a pure specialist in medicine
C．should love poetry and philosophy
D．brings knowledge of other fields to work
54．What does the author intend to show with the example of Toni?
A．Passion alone does not ensure a person's success.
B．In-depth exploration makes discoveries possible.
C．Everyone has a chance to succeed in their pursuit.
D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way connected.
55．What could be the best title for the passage?
A．Be More a Generalist Than a Specialist
B．Specialist or Generalist: Hard to Decide
C．Turn a Generalist into a Specialist
D．Ways to Become a Generalist
2020年阅读理解议论文
Passage1
【2020年新课标Ⅱ】I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I
was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me
and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the
library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did
everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had
several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a big deal for us to load up and go
to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 47I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It
was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library
lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when
they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that
helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think
all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share
library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child?
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
34. What does the author call on other writers to do?
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
Passage 2
【2020年北京卷】Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法)
carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our
smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more
perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been
designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change.
Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 48or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’s powerful
computing machines already make our brains look weak. A GI could, its advocates say, work for us around the
clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the
development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads,
“we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.”
Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an
imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…
that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest
that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.”
Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by
many works of fiction — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does
eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with
recognisably human motivations such as aggression (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxford University
philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from A GI do not come from a decision to turn
against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else.
The promise and danger of true A GI are great. But all of today’s excited discussion about these possibilities
presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s
foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever.
42. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean?
A. Enormous in quantity. B. Changeable daily.
C. Stable in quality. D. Present everywhere.
43. What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters?
A. Help to tackle problems. B. Make brains more active.
C. Benefit ambitious people. D. Set up powerful databases.
,
44. As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra-intelligent machines the author is ____________.
A. supportive B. disapproving
C. fearful D. uncertain
45. What can be inferred about AGI from the passage?
A. It may be only a dream.
B. It will come into being soon.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 49C. It will be controlled by humans.
D. It may be more dangerous than ever.
Passage 3
【2020年江苏卷】I was in the middle of the Amazon (亚马逊) with my wife, who was there as a medical
researcher. We flew on a small plane to a faraway village. We did not speak the local language, did not know the
customs, and more often than not, did not entirely recognize the food. We could not have felt more foreign.
We were raised on books and computers, highways and cell phones, but now we were living in a village
without running water or electricity It was easy for us to go to sleep at the end of the day feeling a little
misunderstood.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening, with monkeys calling from beyond the village green, we played soccer.
I am not good at soccer, but that evening it was wonderful. Everyone knew the rules. We all spoke the same
language of passes and shots. We understood one another perfectly. As darkness came over the field and the match
ended, the goal keeper, Juan, walked over to me and said in a matter-of-fact way, “In your home, do you have a
moon too?” I was surprised.
After I explained to Juan that yes, we did have a moon and yes, it was very similar to his, I felt a sort of awe
(敬畏) at the possibilities that existed in his world. In Juan’s world, each village could have its own moon. In Juan’s
world. the unknown and undiscovered was vast and marvelous. Anything was possible.
In our society, we know that Earth has only one moon. We have looked at our planet from every angle and
found all of the wildest things left to find. I can, from my computer at home, pull up satellite images of Juan’s
village. There are no more continents and no more moons to search for, little left to discover. At least it seems that
way.
Yet, as I thought about Juan’s question, I was not sure how much more we could really rule out. I am, in part,
an ant biologist, so my thoughts turned to what we know about insect life and I knew that much in the world of
insects remains unknown. How much, though? How ignorant (无知的) are we? The question of what we know
and do not know constantly bothered me.
I began collecting newspaper articles about new species, new monkey, new spider…, and on and on they
appear. My drawer quickly filled. I began a second drawer for more general discoveries: new cave system
discovered with dozens of nameless species, four hundred species of bacteria found in the human stomach. The
second drawer began to fill and as it did I wondered whether there were bigger discoveries out there, not just
species, but life that depends on things thought to be useless, life even without DNA. I started a third drawer for
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 50these big discoveries. It fills more slowly, but all the same, it fills.
In looking into the stories of biological discovery, I also began to find something else, a collection of
scientists, usually brilliant occasionally half-mad, who made the discoveries. Those scientists very often see the
same things that other scientists see, but they pay more attention to them, and they focus on them to the point of
exhaustion (穷尽), and at the risk of the ridicule of their peers. In looking for the stories of discovery, I found the
stories of these people and how their lives changed our view of the world.
We are repeatedly willing to imagine we have found most of what is left to discover. We used to think that
insects were the smallest organisms (生物), and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters. Yet, when
something new turns up, more often than not, we do not even know its name.
65. How did the author feel on his arrival in the Amazon?
A. Out of place. B. Full of joy. C. Sleepy. D. Regretful.
66. What made that Amazonian evening wonderful?
A. He learned more about the local language.
B. They had a nice conversation with each other.
C. They understood each other while playing.
D. He won the soccer game with the goal keeper.
67. Why was the author surprised at Juan’s question about the moon?
A. The question was too straightforward.
B. Juan knew so little about the world.
C. The author didn’t know how to answer.
D. The author didn’t think Juan was sincere.
68. What was the author’s initial purpose of collecting newspaper articles?
A. To sort out what we have known.
B. To deepen his research into Amazonians.
C. To improve his reputation as a biologist.
D. To learn more about local cultures.
69. How did those brilliant scientists make great discoveries?
A. They shifted their viewpoints frequently.
B. They followed other scientists closely.
C. They often criticized their fellow scientists.
D. They conducted in-depth and close studies.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 5170. What could be the most suitable title for the passage?
A. The Possible and the Impossible .
B. The Known and the Unknown .
C. The Civilized and the Uncivilized .
D. The Ignorant and the Intelligent.
2019年阅读理解议论文
Passage1
【2019年江苏卷】Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences
than the washing machine? Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?
It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real
impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.
The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the
Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try
to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing
sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.
Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the
international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries. This
has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and
Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps
giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making
more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop
computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more
important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term
costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the
technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world".
As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening
today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back.
Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 52border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.
Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the
national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our
fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all
sorts of wrong directions.
61. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to __________.
A. a lack of confidence in technology
B. a slow progress in technology
C. a conflict of public opinions
D. a waste of limited resources
62. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should __________.
A. take people's essential needs into account
B. make their programmes attractive to people
C. ensure that each child gets financial support
D. provide more affordable internet facilities
63. What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?
A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.
B. Believing that the world has become borderless.
C. Ignoring the power of economic development.
D. Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.
64. What can we learn from the passage?
A. People should be encouraged to make more donations.
B. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.
C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.
D. Economic policies should follow technological trends.
Passage 2
【2019年天津卷】I must have always known reading was very important because the first memories I have
as a child deal with books. There was not one night that I don't remember mom reading me a storybook by my
bedside. I was extremely inspired by the elegant way the words sounded.
I always wanted to know what my mom was reading. Hearing mom say," I can't believe what's printed in the
newspaper this morning," made me want to grab it out of her hands and read it myself. I wanted to be like my mom
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 53and know all of the things she knew. So I carried around a book, and each night, just to be like her, I would pretend
to be reading.
This is how everyone learned to read. We would start off with sentences, then paragraphs, and then stories. It
seemed an unending journey, but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how to read could open many
doors. When mom said," The C-A-N-D-Y is hidden on the top shelf," I knew where the candy was. My progress in
reading raised my curiosity, and I wanted to know everything. I often found myself telling my mom to drive more
slowly, so that I could read all of the road signs we passed.
Most of my reading through primary, middle and high school was factual reading. I read for knowledge, and to
make A's on my tests. Occasionally, I would read a novel that was assigned, but I didn't enjoy this type of reading. I
liked facts, things that are concrete. I thought anything abstract left too much room for argument.
Yet, now that I'm growing and the world I once knew as being so simple is becoming more complex, I find
myself needing a way to escape. By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and
mysterious world where I am now a new character. In these worlds I can become anyone. I don't have to write
down what happened or what technique the author was using when he or she wrote this. I just read to relax.
We're taught to read because it's necessary for much of human understanding. Reading is a vital part of my
life. Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning. And I've found that the possibilities that lie within books are
limitless.
41. Why did the author want to grab the newspaper out of mom's hands？
A. She wanted mom to read the news to her.
B. She was anxious to know what had happened.
C. She couldn't wait to tear the newspaper apart.
D. She couldn't help but stop mom from reading.
42. According to Paragraph 3，the author's reading of road signs indicates___________
A. her unique way to locate herself
B. her eagerness to develop her reading ability
C. her effort to remind mom to obey traffic rules
D. her growing desire to know the world around her.
43. What was the author's view on factual reading？
A. It would help her update test-taking skills.
B. It would allow much room for free thinking.
C. It would provide true and objective information.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 54D. It would help shape a realistic and serious attitude to life.
44. The author takes novel reading as a way to___________.
A. explore a fantasy land
B. develop a passion for leaning
C. learn about the adult community
D. get away from a confusing world
45. What could be the best title for the passage？
A. The Magic of Reading B. The Pleasure of Reading
C. Growing Up with Reading D. Reading Makes a Full Man
Passage 3
【2019年天津卷】Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has
been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning，and he
has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives，he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was
Cervantes，and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why
do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end of their days，while others go to seed long before？
We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about
those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped learning on
growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.
Most of us，in fact，progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization
and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our sense of wonder. But，if we are willing to lean，
the opportunities are everywhere.
The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we
can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please，some people are never
going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to
have meaning in our life. However，we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something
larger than our own little egos（自我），whether to loved ones，to fellow humans，to work，or to some moral
concept.
Many of us equate（视……等同于）“commitment” with such “caring” occupations as teaching and nursing.
But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People who work toward such
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 55excellence whether they are driving a truck，or running a store-make the world better just by being the kind of
people they are. They've learned life's most valuable lesson.
51. The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that_________.
A. loss of freedom stimulates one's creativity
B. age is not a barrier to achieving one's goal
C. misery inspires a man to fight against his fate
D. disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success
52. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A. End one's struggle for liberty.
B. Waste one's energy taking risks.
C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.
D. Lose the interest to continue learning.
53. What could be inferred from Paragraph 4？
A. Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.
B. Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.
C. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.
D. Opportunity awaits those with a cautious mind.
54. What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5？
A. A tough man can tolerate suffering.
.
B. A wise man can live without self-pity
C. A man should try to satisfy people around him.
.
D. A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life
55. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？
A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.
B. To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.
C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】 56
