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大学英语四级考试2023年12月真题(第三套)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Suppose the university newspaper is inviting submissions from the students for its coining
edition on what in their university impresses them most. You are now to write an essay for submission.
You will have 30 minutes to write the essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180
words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
特别说明：由于多题多卷，官方第三套真题的听力试题与第二套真题的一致，只是选项顺序不同，因此，
本套试卷不再提供听力部分。
Part in Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank
more than once.
When people set out to improve their health, they usually take a familiar path: starting a healthy diet, getting
better sleep, and doing regular exercise. Each of these behaviors is important, of course, but they all 26 on
physical health- and a growing body of research suggests that social health is just as, if not more, important
to 27 well-being.
One recent study published in the journal PLOS ONE, for example, found that the strength of a person's
social circle was a better 28 of self-reported stress, happiness and well-being levels than fitness tracker data on
physical activity, heart rate and sleep. That finding suggests that the " 29 self“ represented by endless amounts
of health data doesn't tell the whole 30 .
There's also a qualified self, which is who I am, what are my activities, my social network, and all of these
aspects are not 31 in any of these measurements.
This idea is supported by plenty of 32 research. Studies have shown that social support~~whether it comes
from friends, family members or a spouse—is 33 associated with better mental and physical health. A rich
social life, these studies suggest, can lower stress levels, improve mood, encourage positive health behaviors and
discourage damaging ones, boost heart health and improve illness 34 rates.
Social isolation, meanwhile, is linked to higher rates of physical diseases and mental health conditions.
Ifs a significant problem, 35 since loneliness is emerging as a widespread public health problem in many
countries.
19 • 2023年12月四级真题（第三套）・A) base I) prompt
B) eagerly J) puzzle
C) especially K) quantified
D) focus L) recovery
E) indicator M) reflected
F) overall N) story
G) preached O) strongly
H) prior
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is
derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the
questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Teenagers and social networking
A) As a parent of two boys at primary school, I worry about the issues associated with teenagers and social
media. Newspapers are constantly filled with frightening accounts of drug addiction and aggressive behaviour
supposedly caused by violent videogames. But even when these accounts touch on real concerns, they do not
really reflect the great mass of everyday teenage social behaviour: the online chat, the texting, the surfing,
and the emergence of a new teenage sphere that is conducted digitally.
B) New technologies always provoke generational panic, which usually has more to do with adult fears than
with the lives of teenagers. In the 1930s, parents worried that radio was gaining “an irresistible hold of their
children”. In the 80s, the great danger was the Sony Walkman (随身听).When you look at today's digital
activity, the facts are much more positive than you might expect.
C) Indeed, social scientists who study young people have found that their digital use can be inventive and
even beneficial. This is true not just in terms of their social lives, but their education too. So if you use a
ton of social media, do you become unable, or unwilling, to engage in face-to-face contact? The evidence
suggests not. Research by Amanda Lenhart of the Pew Research Centre, a US think tank, found that the most
passionate texters are also the kids most likely to spend time with friends in person. One form of socialising
doesn't replace the other. It expands it.
D) “Kids still spend time face to face,“ Lenhart says. Indeed, as they get older and are given more freedom, they
often ease up on social networking. Early on, the web is their “third space”, but by the late teens, ifs replaced
in reaction to greater independence. They have to be on Facebook, to know what's going on among friends
and family, but they are ambivalent (有矛盾心理的)about it, says Rebecca Eynon, a research fellow at the
Oxford Internet Institute, who has interviewed about 200 British teenagers over three years. As they gain
experience with living online, they begin to adjust their behaviour, struggling with new communication skills,
as they do in the real world.
E) Parents are wrong to worry that kids don't care about privacy. In fact, they spend hours changing Facebook
settings or using quick-delete sharing tools, such as Snapchat, to minimise their traces. Or they post a
• 2023年12月四级真题（第三套） 20photograph on Instagram, have a pleasant conversation with friends and then delete it so that no traces
remain.
F) This is not to say that kids always use good judgment. Like everyone else, they make mistakes一sometimes
serious ones. But working out how to behave online is a new social skill. While there's plenty of drama and
messiness online, it is not, for most teens, a cycle of non-stop abuse: a Pew study found only 15% of teens
said someone had bullied them online in the last 12 months.
G) But surely all this short-fbrm writing is affecting literacy? Certainly, teachers worry. They say that kids use
overly casual language and text-speak in writing, and don't have as much patience for long reading and
complex arguments. Yet studies of first-year college papers suggest these anxieties may be partly based on
misguided nostalgia (怀旧).When Stanford University scholar Andrea Lunsford gathered data on the rates of
errors in “freshman composition^^ papers going back to 1917, she found that they were virtually identical to
today.
H) But even as error rates stayed stable, student essays have blossomed in size and complexity. They are now six
times longer and, unlike older “what I did this summer“ essays, they offer arguments supported by evidence.
Why? Computers have vastly increased the ability of students to gather information, sample different points
of view and write more fluidly.
I) When linguist Naomi Baron studied students9 instant messaging even there she found surprisingly rare usage
of short forms such as "u" for "you"，and as students got older, they began to write in more grammatical
sentences. That is because they want to appear more adult, and they know how adults are expected to write.
Clearly, teaching teens formal writing is still crucial, but texting probably isn't destroying their ability to
learn it.
J) It is probably true that fewer kids are heavy readers compared with two generations ago, when cheap
paperbacks boosted rates of reading. But even back then, a minority of people-perhaps 20%—were lifelong
heavy readers, and it was cable TV not the internet, that struck a blow at that culture in the 1980s. Still, 15%
or more of kids are found to be deeply bookish. In fact, the online world offers kids remarkable opportunities
to become literate and creative because young people can now publish ideas not just to their friends, but to
the world. And it turns out that when they write for strangers, their sense of “authentic audience^^ makes them
work harder, push themselves further, and create powerful new communicative forms.
K) Few would deny that too much time online can be harmful. Some of the dangers are emotional: hurting
someone from a distance is not the same as hurting them face to face. If we're lucky, the legal environment
will change to make teenagers , online lives less likely to haunt them later on. Just last week, California
passed a law allowing minors to demand that internet firms erase their digital past and the EU has considered
similar legislation.
L) Distraction is also a serious issue. When kids switch from chat to music to homework, they are indeed likely
to have trouble doing each task well. And studies show that pupils don't fact-check information online一
“smart searching“ is a skill schools need to teach urgently. Ifs also true that too much social networking
and game playing can cut into schoolwork and sleep. This is precisely why parents still need to set firm
boundaries around it, as with any other distraction.
M) So whafs the best way to cope? The same boring old advice that applies to everything in parenting:
moderation. Rebecca Eynon argues that it's key to model good behaviour. Parents who stare non-stop at their
21 ・2023年 12月四级真题（第三套）・phones and don't read books are likely to breed kids who will do the same. As ever, we ought to be careful
about our own behaviour.
36. Research has found the use of digital technology benefits not only teenagers* social lives but also their
studies.
37. It is urgent that schools teach kids how to verify online information.
38. Students now write longer and more complex essays than their counterparts in previous decades while the
error rates remain unchanged.
39. Newspaper reports of teenagers give a false picture of their behaviour.
40. Parents are advised to mind their own digital behaviour and set a good example for their kids.
41. Contrary to parents' belief, kids try hard to leave as few traces as possible on the web.
42. Students , ability to learn formal writing is unlikely to be affected by texting.
43. Historically, new technologies have always caused great fears among parents.
44. The reading culture was seriously affected by cable television some four decades ago.
45. Teachers say that kids, writing is too casual, using language characteristic of text messages.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
In the history of horse racing, few horses have captured the affection of the British public like Red Rum.
Today, three decades after his retirement, he is still one of the best-known and most beloved racehorses of all
time.
Red Rum was passed around to several owners before being purchased fbr Noel Le Mar. The agent who
made the purchase was the now-legendary horse trainer Donald “Ginger” McCain.
It wasn't apparent at the time, but Red Rum had a serious bone disease in his foot. For many horses (and
many trainers) this would mean the end of a racing career before it even began. For Ginger and Red Rum,
though, it was just an obstacle to greatness that had to be overcome.
Red Rum's true talent came out in steeplechases (障碍赛马).His power, speed and jumping ability carried
him to his first Grand National title in 1973. The very next year, Red Rum returned to take his second title. He
was the first horse to take successive firsts since Reynoldstown in 1935-1936. Red Rum's spirit and grace had
already begun to charm the leagues of Grand National fans.
In the following two years, Red Rum lost out on the title, coming in second both times. When he returned
in 1977 to try again, he was largely regarded as past his prime. He was 12 years old and not expected to place
highly. He surprised sporting fans around the world when he came in a remarkable 25 lengths ahead of the
nearest horse, taking his third Grand National win. To this day, Red Rum's third win is known as one of the
greatest moments in horse racing history.
・2023年12月四级真题（第三套） 22Red Rum was headed for the Grand National once again in 1978 but suffered an injury in one of his heels
shortly before the race. He was retired soon after, but his public life and fame by no means decreased with the
end of his career. Red Rum traveled all over the country for various engagements. He often led pre-race parades
at Aintree Racecourse and was a popular guest at charity benefits and public events.
46. What do we learn from the passage about Red Rum the racehorse?
A) He captured public affection long before he won national titles.
B) He won enormous fame and love from British people.
C) He became a myth three decades after his retirement.
D) He owed his great success to several well-known horse trainers.
47. What did the serious bone disease in Red Rum's foot mean to himself and his trainer?
A) It was simply a hindrance they had to get over to excel.
B) It was surely a disadvantage though not considered fatal.
C) It was actually the end of a racing career that had just begun.
D) It was really a major obstacle hard to overcome on their own.
48. What does the author say Red Rum did with his power, speed and jumping ability?
A) He won his first Grand National title at 12. C) He surprised sporting fans worldwide in 1973.
B) He took two firsts successively in 1935-1936. D) He took three Grand National wins in the 1970s.
49. What did people generally think of Red Rum when he returned to the racecourse in 1977?
A) He had already passed the peak of his racing life.
B) He would have no rival in Grand National steeplechases.
C) He had lost his charm with the leagues of Grand National fans.
D) He could be expected to repeat his glory in the prime of his career.
50. What became of Red Rum after his career ended?
A) He suffered from severe pain in a heel. C) He lived on various charity benefits.
B) He spent almost all his time traveling. D) He remained famous and popular.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
People in business often make decisions based on their own personal feelings or instincts. It is quite
horrifying to see people being guided by some unknown force. But how wise is it, really, to let your instincts
drive your decisions?
In the decision-making process, relying on instincts only makes sense when you have a vast experience to
support you. Simply behaviour定位至U A段。A
Ao
段提到，报纸上不断充斥着关于吸毒成瘾和一般相信由暴力电子游戏引起的攻击性行为的可怕报道。但
是，即使这些报道触及了真正的问题，它们也没有真正反映出青少年日常社交行为的多数情况。也就是
说，报纸上对青少年的报道歪曲了他们的行为。题干是对这两句内容的概括，其中newspaper、teenagers和
behaviour是原词复现，reports 与原文中的 accounts 同义, give a false picture是对原文they do not really reflect
的同义转述，故答案为A。
40. 画我家长们应注意自己的网络行为，为孩子们树立好榜样。
［答案解析) 由题干关键信息Parents、are advised to^ mind their own digital behaviour和set a good example
M o
定位到M段。M段提到，最好的应对方法还是老生常谈，适用于育儿的方方面面：适度。树立良好的行为
榜样是关键。不停地盯着手机并且不读书的家长可能会培养出同样的孩子。我们应该一如既往地注意自己
的行为。题干是对这段内容的概括，其中parents是原词复现，advised对应原文中的advice, mind their own
digital behaviour 是对原文be careful about our own behaviour 的同义转述，故答案为 M。
41. ［T O 5 ］与父母的想法相反，孩子们努力尽可能少在网上留下痕迹。
［答案解析］ 由题干关键信息Contrary to parents' belief> leave as few traces as possible on the web定位到E
Eo
段。E段提到，家长们担心孩子不在意隐私，这是错误的。事实上，他们会花几个小时去更改脸书的设置
或使用Snapchat等阅后即焚分享工具，来减少自己的分享痕迹。题干是对这两句的概括，其中Contrary to
parents ) belie 愉应原文中的Parents are wrong to..., leave as few traces as possible 对应原文中的minimise their
traces和so that no traces remain,故答案为E。
42. 学生学习正式写作的能力不太可能受到发短信的影响。
［答案解析］ Io 由题干关键信息Students'ability、formal writingunlikely to be affectedtexting定位至!11段。I段
最后一句提到，显然，教青少年如何正式写作仍然至关重要，但发短信可能不会破坏他们学习正式写作
的能力。题干是对该句的同义转述，其中Students' ability to learn formal writing对应原文中的their ability to
learn it, unlikely to be affected by texting对应原文中的texting probably isn't destroying, 故答案为I。
43. 从历史上看，新技术总是会引起家长的极大恐惧。
［答案解析］ 由题干关键信息new technologies、always> caused、great fears> parents定位到B段。B段第一句
Bo
提到，新技术总是会引起一代人的恐慌，这通常更多地与成年人的恐惧有关，接下来举了两个例子：20世
纪30年代，家长们担心广播；20世纪80年代，家长们担心索尼随身听。也就是说，从历史上看，新技术总
是会引起家长的极大恐惧。题干是对这段内容的概括，其中new technologies和always是原词复现，caused
与原 文中的 provoke 同义, great fears among parents是对原文中 generational panic、adult fears、an irresistible
hold和great danger的概括，故答案为B。
44. 廊 声 大约40年前，有线电视严重影响了阅读文化。
［答案解析I J。由题干关键信息reading culture、seriously affected> cable televisionsome four decades ago定位
至打段。J段提到，但即使在那时，也只有少数人一大约20%— 终生都喜欢阅读，而且在20世纪80年代
是有线电视，而不是互联网，对阅读文化造成了打击。也就是说，在20世纪80年代，即大约40年前，有线
电视严重影响了阅读文化。题干是对该句的同义转述，其中reading culture对应原文中的that culture, cable
television对应原文中的cable TV, seriously affected是原文中struck a blow at的同义复现，some four decades
ago对应原文中的in the 1980s,故答案为J。
45. 老师们说孩子们的写作太随意，使用了短信的语言特征。
［答案解析I G o由题干关键信息Teachers say、kids'writing、too casual、text messages定位到G段。G段第3句提
至L 他们说，孩子们在写作中使用过于随意的语言和短信语言，他们没有足够的耐心进行长时间的阅读
和复杂的论证。题干是对该句的同义转述，其中Teachers say对应原文中的They say, too casual对应原文中
的 overly casual, using language characteristic of text messages 对应原文中的 use.. .text-speak in writing, 故答案
为G。
四级2023.12[笫三*] 43Section 维
Passage One
◎ •概览・
本文节选自网站https:〃grandnational.horseracing.guide发表的一篇题为 “RED RUM- THE
LEGENDARY THREE TIME GRAND NATIONAL WINNER"的文章。文章介绍了英国赛马史上非常著
名且受欢迎的赛马—— 红朗姆。它克服了蹄部的骨病，三次获得英国国家障碍大赛冠军。人们非常喜欢
它，退役之后，它还作为慈善活动和其他公共活动的嘉宾走遍了英国各地。
© • 全文翻译•
［46］在赛马历史上，很少有马匹能像红朗姆那样俘获英国民众的喜爱。 。重难点单词及短语
如今，在它退役三十年后，它仍是有史以来最著名和最受欢迎的赛马之一。 , capture 乂俘获；赢得（喜爱）
在被诺埃尔-勒-马尔买下之前，红朗姆被转手给了几个主人。买下它 • beloved
的经纪人是现在的传奇驯马师唐纳德-“金加” •麦凯恩。
当时并不明显，但是红朗姆的蹄部有严重的骨病。对很多马匹（和很多
驯马师）来说，这意味着其赛马生涯还没开始就结束了。［47］然而，对于金
加和红朗姆来说，这只是成就非凡必须克服的一个障碍。
红朗姆真正的天赋是在障碍赛马中展现出来的。［48］它的力量、速度
和跳跃能力使它在1973年获得了它的第一个英国国家障碍赛马大赛冠军。
就在第二年，红朗姆再次夺冠。它是继雷诺兹敦在1935〜1936年连续夺冠之
后，第一匹再次蝉联冠军的赛马。英国国家障碍赛马大赛粉丝联盟开始为红
朗姆的精神和优雅倾倒。
在接下来的两年中，红朗姆与冠军失之交臂，两次都屈居亚军。［48］
［49］当它在1977年重返赛场再次尝试时，人们普遍认为它已经过了黄金赛
酸。它当时12岁，人们预计它的排名不会太靠前。［48］当它以领先亚军25个
马身的非凡成绩第三次赢得英国国家障碍赛马大赛的冠军时，它震惊了全世
界的体育迷们。时至今日，红朗姆的第三次夺冠仍被誉为赛马史上最伟大的
时刻之一。
1978年，红朗姆再次前往英国国家障碍赛马大赛，但在比赛前不久，
它的一只脚后跟受了伤。［50］不久之后，它就退役了，但它的公众生活和名
声并没有随着它职业生涯的结束而减少。红朗姆到全国各地参加各种各样的
活动。它经常在安特里赛马场的赛前游行中打头阵，而且还是慈善活动和公
共活动的热门嘉宾。
a d j . 深爱的；钟爱的
, pass around 传递
, purchase u 购买
, legendary a d j . 传奇的
, obstacle n . 障碍；阻碍
, overcome v . 克服
, come out显露；出现
•title九冠军；头衔
, successive a d j . 连续的
, charm v.迷住；吸引；使倾倒
, lose out on失去; 错过
, prime n . 盛年；全盛时期
,places排名；获名次
, remarkable。矽•.不同寻常的;
非凡的
, length 九 （赛马中的）马位,
马身长度
, engagement n . 约会（常指正式
场合的官方活动等）
, charity n . 慈善（事业）
・benefit n . 慈善（或公益）活动
。 ・答案详解•
关于赛马红朗姆，我们从文章中了解到什么?
4 6 .
A）早在赢得全国冠军之前，它就俘获了公众的喜爱。 C）它在退役三十年后成为一个神话。
B）它在英国民众中享有盛誉，颇受喜爱。 D）它的巨大成功归功于几位著名的驯马师。
定，康干关键有RedRum通露就看出顼，.可以根福屈蔽眠庠写落巅顽用龛笨二双山原画落落兔是技到第二屣；
位：
解* 第一段指出，在赛马历史上，很少有马匹能像红朗姆那样俘获英国民众的喜爱。如今，在它退役三十年
析
后，它仍是有史以来最著名和最受欢迎的赛马之一。由此可知，选项B与原文表述相符，故选B。由原文
第四段可知红朗姆是在蝉联冠军之后开始受到公众喜爱的，因此选项A表述有误，可排除；C、D两项在原
文中没有提及，故排除。
4 4 四级 2023.12 口住套〕47 . 红朗姆马蹄匕严重的骨病对它自己和它的驯马师来说意味着什么?
A）这只是他们成就非凡必须克服的障碍。 C）这实际上使得刚刚开始的赛马生涯走向终结。
B）虽然不致命，但这确实是一个劣势。 D）这对他们来说确实是Y 很难独自克服的巨大障碍。
定+植搪•平关穗京serious bone disease in Red Rum飞fbot可以蒋客蔡是在至U第三黄。
位：
璧+第三段指出，当时并不明显，但是红朗姆的马蹄上有严重的骨病。对很多马匹（和很多驯马师）来说,
vT ：
1这意味着其赛马生涯还没开始就结束了。然而，对于金加和红朗姆来说，这只是成就非凡必须克服的一
［个障碍。由此可知，选项A正确，其中hindrance、get over> excel分别对应原文中的obstacle、 overcome、
| greatness,属于同义替换。选项B和D的内容原文没有提到，可以排除。由原文第二段开头的内容可知，这
）种情况是对很多其他的马匹和驯马师而言的，对于金加和红朗姆来说并非如此，故排除C项。
48 . 作者说红朗姆凭借它的力量、速度和跳跃能力做了什么？
A）它在12岁时赢得了它的第一个英国国家障碍赛马大赛冠军。
B）它在1935〜1936年连续两次获得冠军。
C）它在1973年震惊了全世界的体育迷。
D）它在20世纪70年代获得了三次英国国家障碍赛马大赛冠军。
定；
根据题干关键词his power, speed and jumping ability可以将答案定位到第四段。
位：
解；
第四段第二句和第三句指出，它的力量、速度和跳跃能力使它在1973年获得了它的第一个英国国家障碍
析：
赛马大赛冠军。就在第二年，红朗姆再次夺冠。第五段提到它在1977年再次参赛时，以领先亚军25个马身
的非凡成绩第三次赢得英国国家障碍赛马大赛的冠军时，它震惊了全世界的体育迷们。由此可知，红朗姆
的三次夺冠均在20世纪70年代，选项D正确。其他三项均与原文不符，可排除。
49 . 1977年红朗姆重返赛马场时，人们普遍认为它如何?
A）它已经过了赛马生涯的巅峰。
B）它在英国国家障碍赛马大赛中没有对手。
C）它在英国国家障碍赛马大赛粉丝联盟中已经没有吸引力了。
D）它有望在职业生涯的黄金时期重现辉煌。
星；海搪版干关踵有亏司以蒋容橐是殖蓟第宝•度塔三布;...........................
：
位
璧）第五段第二句指出，当它在1977年重返赛场再次尝试时，人们普遍认为他已经过了黄金赛龄，故选项A正
析：
:确，其中passed the peak of his racing life与原文中的past his prime为同义替换。选项D与原文意思相反，可
|以排除。选项B的内容原文没有提及。选项C的内容属于过度推测，原文只是说人们预计它的排名不会太
I 靠前，并没有说它在粉丝联盟中已经没有吸引力了。
50 . 红朗姆的职业生涯结束后，它怎么样了？
A）它的脚后跟剧烈疼痛。 C）它靠各种慈善活动为生。
B）它几乎把所有的时间都花在了旅行上。 D）它仍然很有名，很受欢迎。
定享
根据题干关键词after his career ended可以将答案定位到最后一段最后三句。
位：
3
解 最后一段最后三句指出，不久之后，它就退役了，但它的公众生活和名声并没有随着它职业生涯的结束而
析：
减少，红朗姆到全国各地参加各种各样的活动，它经常在安特里赛马场的赛前游行中打头阵，而且还是慈
善活动和公共活动的热门嘉宾。由此可知，退役之后，红朗姆还是非常有名，也仍然很受欢迎，故选项D
正确。选项A错在，原文虽然提到它脚后跟受伤，但并未提及退役后它的脚后跟仍然剧烈疼痛。选项B错
在，原文是说它到全国各地参加活动，但不是说它把所有时间都用在了旅行上。选项C错在，它是作为慈
善活动的嘉宾出席活动的，不是靠着慈善活动为生。
四级2023.12便三套］45Passage Two
6
•概览•
本文节选自《纳什维尔商业杂志》2014年10月31号发表的一篇题为“When to rely on intuition instead
of analysis in your decision making M 的文章。本文开头指出，商界人士常常根据直觉做决定，而后提出，
另一种更理性的方法是结合使用数据和直觉分析来做决定。作者最后指出，最佳的决策往往是将直觉和
理性分析结合起来而得到的。
。 •全文翻译•
［51］商界人士经常根据自己的个人感受或直觉做决定。看到人们被
某种未知力量的引导是相当可怕的。但是，让直觉驱动你的决定,到底
有多明智呢？
在决策过程中，只有当你有极为丰富的经验支持你的时候，依靠
直觉才有意义。只是“感觉”某件事是对的或者是应该做的，这非常主
观，可能会淹没你。
另一方面，做决策有一种更理性的方法。［52］长期以来，数据和分
析一直都与明智的决策联系在一起。它们减少了出错的可能性，并且增
加了成功的机会。海量系统的数据大多是我们大部分决策的基础，无论
是个人决策还是商业决策。但是，数据的极端可用性也带来了一个复杂
的问题：［53］如果你强烈认为某件事不应该做，即使数据坚持认为应该
做， 你 会 怎 么 蔽 「
。重难点单词及短语
, instinct
这个看似简单的问题促使人们在决策过程中需要了解直觉和数据之
间的关系。［53］在不让事情变得复杂的情况下，解决这一两难困境的办法
就是结合使用数羹和直觉来达成可能做出的最佳决奖厂
出于本能的决策总是得到以前的经验或信息的支持，这承认了出于
本能的决策在过去是有效的。决策并不是因为你想盲目地相信自己的直
觉而做出选择并勇敢地面对后果。决策是将你的内在智慧与系统数据的
知识结合在一起，以做出最佳决策。
有时，在某些情况下使用理性分析和数据是不切实际的。缺乏明确
的标准、时间和资源受限以及出现新的情况是限制数据实用性的例子。
［54］唯一可行的选择是依靠你的直觉。在这些情况下，直觉可以帮助你做
出有效和快速的决定。
［55］将直觉和踵性分析相结合，可以做出全面的决策。它减少了犯
错误的机会，并日益成为当今领导者最喜欢的一种决策方法。
n . 直觉
, horrifying a d j . 可怕的
, make sense有意义；有道理；讲
得通
, subjective a d j . 主观的
, drown v.淹没；置身于
, rational a d j . 理性的
, informed a d j . 明智的；有学问的
• systematic。矽•.系统的；有条理的
, alike a d v . 相同地
, usability九可用性；适用性
, complication n . 使更复杂化（或
更困难）的事物
, dilemma n . 两难的境地
, in conjunction 结合
, acknowledge v t . 承认
, brave v t . 勇敢面对
, impractical a d j . 不切实际的；不
现实的
, definitive a d j . 明确的；决定性的
• practicality九实用性；实际情况
, feasible a d j . 可行的；行得通的
, well-rounded a d j . 全面的
。 ・答案详解•
51 .作者说商人经常做什么？
A）努力理解一些未知的力量。 C）借鉴大量过去的经验。
B）避免被自己的感觉所驱使。 D）依靠直觉进行决策。|
定；熊福戴外法键词busiiiesspeopie"。展ndo时以蒋客素比卷到第二段•二..................................
位：
修；第一段第一句指出，商界人士经常根据自己的个人感受或直觉做决定。这与选项D的意思一致，故选D,
I 选项中的rely on与原文中的based on是同义替换。其他三项的内容都与原文不符，均排除。
52 . 为了做出明智的决策，我们应该考虑什么？
A）犯错的可能性。 C）情况的复杂性。
B）系统的数据和分析。 D）个人感受和经营策略。
46 四级 2023.12]12*定叁根据题干关键词make informed decisions可以将答案定位到第三段。
位
南,第三段第二、三句指出，长期以来，数据和分析一直都与明智的决策联系在一起，它们减少了出错的可能
性，并且增加了成功的机会。由此可知，为了做出明智的决策，我们需要考虑系统的数据和分析，故选
Bo其他三项的内容都与原文不符，均排除。
53 . 如果直觉与数据不一致，人们在决策过程中应该怎么做？
A）用以前的经验解决困境。 C）将两者结合在一起。
B）弄清楚两者中哪一个更可靠。 D）将直觉置于数据之上。
隹+…植搪•千芙健词instinctsGisagreeJitli盛 ak以荐客豪死隹到篥三直盘后二司而留而直;…第三葭蠢后二有盘
i 出了问题，如果直觉觉得不能做，数据觉得能做，该怎么办？第四段给出了答案。
璧+第四段第二句指出，在不让事情变得复杂的情况下，解决这一两难困境的办法就是结合使用数据和直觉以
:达成可能做出的最佳决策。由此可知，如果直觉与数据不一致，人们应该将两者结合起来，故选C。其他
I 三项的内容都与原文不符，故排除。
54 . 面对各种限制数据实用性的因素，我们应该怎么做？
A）进行理性、系统的分析。 C）诉诸我们的内在智慧。
B）探索最可行的选择。 D）应用明确的标准。
定.
根据题干关键词limit the practicality of data可以将答案定位到倒数第二段。倒数第二段前两句提到在什么情
位
况下使用数据是不实际的问题，接下来的两句给出了解决方法。
解）倒数第二段最后两句指出，唯一可行的选择是依靠你的直觉，在这些情况下，直觉可以帮助你做出有效和
析
快速的决定。但是选项中并没有“依靠直觉”这一项，分析各个选项可知，只有选项C表达的意思与原文
一致。根据第五段最后一句可知，内在智慧指的就是直觉。依靠直觉也就是诉诸于我们的内在智慧，因为
直觉就是我们靠经验得到的内在智慧。其他三项的内容都与原文不符，均排除。
55.根据作者的说法，怎样才能做出最好的决定？
A）结合使用直觉和数据。 C）回顾过去行之有效的方法。
B）在做出选择时评估所有因素。 D）不要武断地相信直觉。
定+短搪藤羊芙键自decisions to become the best以及山版顽用写直支顽庠盘不一致的原询时以蒋客橐荒检蓟盘
位|后一段。
第？最后一段第一句指出,将直觉和理性分析相结合'可以做出全面的决策。“全面的决策”也就是“最好的
决定”，由此可知, 选项A正确。其他三项的内容根据事实逻辑来说好像都合理，但是都不是原文所表达
的意思，故排除。
Part IV (>)Translation
• •难词译注•
不断 continuously 限于 limited to 毫无疑问 there is no doubt that; undoubtedly
充分体现 fully reflected 本地的local 饮食结构dietary structure
追求pursue 农产品 agricultural products; produce 增进 enhance; promote
愈来愈 increasingly 特产 local specialties; special local products
o
•参考译文•
Since the reform and opening up, the living standards of the Chinese people have been continuously improving,
which is fully reflected in the changes in people's diets. Nowadays, people are no longer satisfied with having enough
to eat, but pursue safer, more nutritious, and healthier food. Food is becoming increasingly diverse as well, without
being limited to local agricultural products. The development of the logistics industry makes it easy for people to taste
四级2023.12便三W 47local specialties from all over the country. Undoubtedly, the improvement of food quality and dietary structure provides
strong guarantees for enhancing people's health.
。 ■译点精析•
1 . 第一句：分析句子结构可知，中间的分句是主体，翻译为the living standards of the Chinese people have been
continuously improving; “改革开放以来”为时间状语，翻译为Since the reform and opening up;最后一个
分句起补充说明的作用，可翻译为非限制性定语从句，即which is fully reflected in the changes in people's
dietso
2 . 第二句：“不再满足于……而是……”翻译为are no longer satisfied with...but...; “追求吃得更加安全、更加
营养、更加健康” ^/pursue safer, more nutritious, and healthier food;“食物也愈来愈丰富多样，不再限
于本地的农产品”语义完整, 可单独成句, 翻译为Food is becoming increasingly diverse as well, without being
limited to local agricultural products
o
3 . 第三句：“物流业的发展”翻译为名词短语The development of the logistics industry;“使人们很容易品尝到”
翻译为句子谓语，即makes it easy for people to taste; “全国各地的特产”翻译为local specialties from all over
the country o
4 . 第四句：句子主语“食品质量与饮食结构的改善”翻译为the improvement of food quality and dietary
structure; "为.提供了有力的保障”为句子谓语部分，翻译为provides strong guarantees for...; “增进人们
健康”翻译为动名词短语enhancing people's health
o
48 四级 2023.12 [1三£
