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Unit 3 The Earth
单元小结
思维导图
知识要点
一、重点单词，短语和句式
要点 1：protect
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1）We should the Earth being polluted.
该保护地球免受污染。
2) We should p_______our eyes. They are important for us.【点拨】protect from 是保护“保护。。。免受 之意. 第二题 填protect
要点2 provide
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1、The farm provides some vegetables ______ us.
A. with B. to C. for
2、 The farm provides us some ______ vegetables.
A. with B. to C. for
【点拨】第一题 C 第二题 A provides sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 提供某人某物。
要点3 pollution
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1、There are many kinds of ____________ (pollute) around us.
2、The river is badly ____________ (pollute).
【点拨】第一题 pollution 污染 不可数名词。第二题用动词。polluted 被动语态。
要点4 must
【思维导图】【典例分析】
1.Bob can not come out to play because he __________ help Dad in the garden.
A .can B. must C. has to
【点拨】 C must 必须 一定。表示主观上要求。如I must finish the work. 表示我对自己的要求。 have to
不得不 客观上要求。（没办法，必须）上题中，Bob 不能出来玩耍因为他不得不在花园帮爸爸（干活）。
2. —__________ I finish my homework now?
—No, you __________. Your work is over today.
A. Can't; must B. Must; don't have to C. May; couldn't
【点拨】B must 的否定回答要用needn’t don’t have to=needn’t不必。
要点4 important
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. Do you know the ____________ (important) of education?
2. It is __________ (important) to study the history of China.
【点拨】importance 重要性，名词。 第二题 系表结构 用形容词 important
要点5 fact【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. _________ fact, he made a wrong decision.
A. On B. In C. With
【点拨】 B in fact 事实上。固配。（记住）
要点6 own
【思维导图】
【典例分析】
1. I __________my_______ house because I grow up. (own)
【点拨】 own 动词拥有。第二空用own 自己的形容词。On one’s own独自的。
2. I want to see the _________ (own) of the company.
【点拨】owner所有者，主人。
要点7 few
【典例分析】
1. There is __________ink in my pen, Please give me____________.
【点拨】 这是中考高频考题。 第一题 little a little 我的钢笔没水了，给我一点。ink不可数。Little 几乎没有，否定的意思。 A little 有一点肯定的意思。
2. There are a lot of new books, but________ of them are easy to read.
【点拨】桌上有很多新书，但是没有几本容易读懂。表示说话者否定的观点。故用few 几乎没有。
3. Please hurry up. There is _____ time left.
【点拨】快一点，没时间剩下。表示说话者否定的观点。用little
4. Please don’t worry. There is still _____ time left.
【点拨】不用那么急忙，还有点时间剩下。表示说话者肯定的观点。故用a little 有一点。
5. The box is very heavy. ___________of us can lift it.
【点拨】这盒太重，没有人能抬起它，表示否定故用few。
技巧：1，先弄清修饰可数还是不可数名词。
2，懂得题意，分清说话者表示肯定还是否定的意思。可代入进去。分析逻辑对不对。
要点8 stop doing sth. 意为“停止做某事”，即停下手头正在做的事情。
stop to do sth. 意为“停下来去做某事”，即停下手头的事情，去做另一件事情。
stop… from doing 阻止。。。做某事。
【典例分析】
1. When the child saw his new toy, he stopped ______.
A. cry B. to cry C. crying D. to crying
【点拨】C当孩子看到他的新玩具，他停止哭。所以选 C
2. When my friend saw me this morning, he stopped ______ to me.
A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. to talking
【点拨】B 早晨当我朋友看见我的时候，他停下来和我说活。Stop to do 停下来做另一件事。答案选B
3. You look tired, you must________.
A. stops to work B. stopped working C. stop to work D. stop working
【点拨】D 停下手头正在做的事情。
4.我们要阻止人们乱丢垃圾。
We must _________ people ___________ __________ rubbish around.
【点拨】 stop from throwing 阻止。。。做某事。
5大雨使我们踢不了足球。
The heavy rain ___________ us ___________ ___________ football.
【点拨】 stopped from playing
要点9 too also as well either 区别too 也，放在肯定句，句末。
also 也，放在肯定句，句中。
as well 用法和too一样，可以互换，通常位于句末。
either用于否定句，而且只能放在句末。
【典例分析】
1. David's parents can speak Chinese, and he can ______ speak Chinese.
【点拨】also.放在句中。
2. Mr. Green doesn't like going climbing ______.
【点拨】either。 用于否定句，而且只能放在句末。
3. My mother went to Shanghai yesterday, and my father will go there tomorrow ____________.
【点拨】as well /too. 通常位于句末。
要点 10 It is+ adj.+for sb. +to do sth
It is important for us to protect the Earth for our future.对我们来说，为未来而保护地球是重要.的。
It is+ adj.+ for sb. +to do sth 对某人来说做某事是……
It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语很重要。
It’s very important for us to learn English well. 对我们来说学好英语很有用。
It is good for me to eat more vegetables. 多吃蔬菜对我而言是有好处的。
注意：以上句型中，有时也可将for sb.省去，即 It is +adj.+ to do sth.做某事是……样的
【典例分析】
1. As we all know, is not safe to rush to the school canteen.
A. this B that C it D be
【点拨】C 考查句式结构：it’s adj to do。做某事。。。怎样的。It做形式主语。
2. It is important ______ English well.
A. learn B. learns C. learning D. to learn
【点拨】D 掌握句式：It’s adj for to do 。做某事对某人来说。。。怎样的 句意：学好英语很
重要。
3.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。
It’s very _____________ ____________children to cross the busy street.【点拨】dangerous for
4.保护环境对我们来说很重要。
It's ______________ _____________ us to protect the environment.
【点拨】important for
知识要点二 语法
1、可数名词与不可数名词
【知识点思维导图】
2 there be句型
【知识点思维导图】
选择填空1. —How can I get some ______ about the 2024 Olympic Games?
—Why not search the Internet?
A. information B. experience C. practice
【点拨】A 句意：我怎样才能得到一些关于2024年奥运会的信息？
-为什么不上网搜索呢？information 不可数名词。
2. —What would you like to eat?
—Some ______, please.
A. bread B. cake C. coffee D. tea
【点拨】A 你想吃什么？cake可数名词。要用复数。
3. Mr. Black gave us ______ on how to learn English well.
A. an advice B. many advice C. some advice D. some advices
【点拨】C advice 不可数名词，没有单复数之分。故答案选C。
4. —______ there any living things on other planets?
—I have no ideas. Maybe we can know more about that in the future.
A. Is B. Are C. Has D. Have
【点拨】B there are/is 表示存在的“有”there be 后面名词是主语。living things 是复数故用are。
5. There ______ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle's farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
【点拨】 sheep 单复数同形。lots of sheep 是复数故用are。选D
6.Three _______ and two _______ are talking.
A. German; Japanese B. Germen; Japaneses C. Germans; Japanese
【点拨】C German德国人复数规则变化。+s。 Japanese 单复数同形。
7.There are 20 _______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers
【点拨】D 女教师woman teacher 复数形式。是women teachers 这2个词都变成复数形式。apple tree 的复
数形式只将中心词“apple”变成复数就可以。
8.Don’t throw _______ into the lake.
A. rubbish B. rubbishs C. rubbishes
【点拨】A rubbish不可数名词。
9.There________ a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.
A. will have B. is going to be C. is having
【点拨】B本题考查倒装句。There be句型表示“某地有某物”或“某时有某人”；have“有”，指人有，
故答案选B。10. There _____ still some milk in the fridge. It’s not necessary to go to the store today.
A. am B.is C. are D. be
【点拨】B考查there be结构的临近原则。 解题思路：这是一个there be结构的句子，离系动词be最近
的是不可数名词milk，故根据临近原则，正确答案选B。
二、翻译短句。(there be 结构)
1 椅子下面有一只猫。
【点拨】There is a cat under the chair.
2 教室里没有20个学生。
【点拨】There are not 20 students in the classroom.
3 袋子里有一些面包。
【点拨】There is some bread in the bag.
4 书桌上有两本书吗？
【点拨】Are there are 2 books on the desk?
5 你们学校有多少个班？
【点拨】How many classes are there in your school?
6.明天将有一场大雨。
【点拨】there will be a heavy rain tomorrow.
知识要点三 【短文写作】
话题三 如何保护环境
书面表达
你们班准备开一个主题为“保护地球，从我做起”的班会，你想在会上以“What should we do to
protect the Earth?”为主题进行发言。我们只有一个地球，应该好好爱护她，但地球上的污染越来越多，所
以保护地球非常重要，你想提出一些环保倡议。
内容包括：
1.节约纸和笔。
2.不乱扔垃圾。
3.离开房间要关灯；洗完手要关水龙头。
4.步行，骑自行车或乘公交车。
要求：1字数：60字左右（标题已给出，不计入总字数）。
2文章必须包含所有提示内容，并可作适当发挥。
3条理清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书面规范。
参考词汇：水龙头 tap；从小事做起 start out small
What should we do to protect the Earth?
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What should we do to protect the Earth?
We have only one Earth. So we should love and take good care of her, but there is much pollution on Earth. It is
important to protect the Earth. But how can we do? I hope we start out small and do the following things together:
First, save paper and pens.
Second, we shouldn't throw rubbish on the ground.
Third, remember to turn off the lights when we leave the room and remember to turn off the taps when you
finish washing hands.
Fourth, we can walk, ride a bike or take a bus when we go out.
The Earth is our home. Let's try our best to protect her!
