ARTICLE · 1157042
初中英语语法精讲 ④|two thirds 后面接 is 还是 are?
初中英语语法精讲 · 第 4 期
导语
先看一句作业里出现频率极高的错句:
❌ There are two hundreds students on the playground.
写这句话的同学不是不知道 hundred,而是拿不准:它到底加不加 s?数词是中考单选的"送分题",但对规则模糊的同学来说就是"送命题"。今天把数词一次讲透。
一、先建立地图:数词管五件事
| 基数词与序数词 | ||
| hundred / thousand / million | ||
| 分数 | ||
| 时间表达 | ||
| 日期、年龄与编号 |
一句话先记住:数词先分两兄弟——基数词管"多少个",序数词管"第几个"。
二、10 个高频易错点
1. 基变序:一条口诀背下来
口诀:基变序,加 th;一二三要特殊记;八去 t,九去 e,ve 要用 f 替;ty 变 tie;几十几,只变个位就可以。
2. hundred / thousand / million:有数字不加 s,没数字加 of
有具体数字:不加 s,不加 of ✅ two hundred students(两百名学生) ❌ two hundreds students 泛指"成百上千":加 s,加 of ✅ hundreds of students(成百上千的学生) ✅ thousands of people(成千上万的人) ❌ thousands people
Every year, thousands of visitors come to Beijing.(每年有数以千计的游客来北京。)
口诀:数字在前"老实"不加 s;一旦加 of,前面就"放飞"加 s。
3. 分数:分子用基数,分母用序数,分子大分母加 s
1/3:one third 2/3:two thirds(分子大于 1,分母加 s) 特殊:1/2 读 a half;1/4 读 a quarter;3/4 读 three quarters
谓语动词跟 of 后面的名词走:
- Two thirds of the water is
polluted.(三分之二的水被污染了。water 不可数 → is) - Two thirds of the students are
from Beijing.(三分之二的学生来自北京。students 可数复数 → are)
口诀:分子基数分母序,分子超过一,分母加 s;is 还是 are,看 of 后面那个词。
4. 时间:past 是"过",to 是"差"
分钟数 ≤ 30 用 past,> 30 用 to(差几分到下一个整点):
| half past six | ||
❌ a quarter past seven(说 6:45 时)→ ✅ a quarter to seven(差一刻到 7 点)
整点前用 at: We start class at eight o'clock.(我们八点开始上课。)
口诀:分钟在前读数字最稳;用 past 别超半,用 to 就要"往前凑整点"。
5. 日期:几月几号用序数词,前面配 on
写法:October 9(th), 2026 读作 October (the) ninth 介词:on + 具体某一天,in + 月份/年份 ✅ on October 9th ✅ in October ✅ in 2026 ⚠️ on Monday morning(具体某天早晨也用 on)
口诀:碰到具体某一天,介词一律用 on;只说月份和年份,才轮到 in。
6. 年龄:连字符作定语,数字后名词不加 s
a 10-year-old boy(一个十岁的男孩)——注意用 an:an 8-year-old girl ❌ a 10-years-old boy → ✅ a 10-year-old boy 表"某人几十多岁":in one's + 基数词复数 ✅ My father is in his forties.(我爸爸四十多岁。) ❌ in his forty "在……岁时":at the age of six(六岁时)
口诀:连字符一挂,year 乖乖不加 s;"几十多岁",数词要用复数形式。
7. 序数词前加 the 还是 a?意思不一样
- the + 序数词="第几个"(一个就够,是那个唯一的)
He won the first prize.(他得了一等奖。) - a + 序数词
="又一个,再一个" I've read the book twice, but I want to read it a third time.(这本书我读了两遍,还想再读第三遍。)
口诀:the 表示"就是它",a 表示"再来一遍"。
8. 编号:数字可以"偷懒",读法有讲究
| Room 302 | ||
| Lesson One = the First Lesson | ||
| Bus No. 5 | ||
记法:编号用"名词 + 数字"最省事;换成 the + 序数词 + 名词,意思不变。
9. half 和"一个半":hour 到底加不加 s?
- half an hour(半小时)——an 不能丢
one and a half hours(一个半小时)——超过 1,hour 加 s;也可说 an hour and a half
❌ half a hour → ✅ half an hour
❌ one and a half hour → ✅ one and a half hours
口诀:半小时=half an hour;一个半,hour 要"长个 s"。
10. 频度:两次是 twice,三次起用 times
once(一次)、twice(两次,不用 two times)、three times(三次) He goes to the library twice a week.(他每周去图书馆两次。) ❌ two times a week → ✅ twice a week
写作自查: 说清"几次 + 一段时间", twice 之后老老实实 times,别乱造。
口诀:一次 once 两次 twice,三次往后都用 times;频率就是"次数 + a + 时间段"。
三、中考风格演练(4 题)
1. Every year, ______ of tourists come to visit the Great Wall. A. thousand B. thousands C. two thousands D. two thousand
答案:B 解析:空后面有 of,说明是泛指"成千上万的",thousand 加 s;有具体数字(two)时才不加 s。
2.__ of the students in our class ____ girls. A. Two thirds; are B. Two third; is C. Second three; are D. Two thirds; is
答案:A 解析:三分之二=two thirds,分子大于 1 分母加 s;of 后面是 students(复数),谓语用 are。
3. —What time is it now? —It's 7:45. It's ______. A. a quarter to eight B. a quarter past seven C. half past seven D. a quarter to seven
答案:A 解析:7:45 差 15 分钟到 8 点,用 a quarter to eight;D 选项 a quarter to seven 是 6:45,时间对应错了。
4. 短文改错:My grandfather is in his seventy, but he is still very healthy.
答案:seventy → seventies 解析:"七十多岁"用 in one's + 基数词复数形式,即 in his seventies。
四、随堂练习(5 题)
1. The new bridge is about ______ long. A. two thousand metres B. two thousands metres C. two thousand metre D. two thousands metre
2. ______ students are cleaning the playground now. A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of C. Three hundreds D. Three hundred of
3. 用所给词的正确形式填空:One ______ (three) of the students in our class like playing football.
4. My aunt is ______ and she looks very young. A. in her thirty B. in her thirties C. at her thirty D. on her thirties
5. 短文改错:Today is Lucy's nine birthday, and we are going to have a party.
参考答案
- A
。前面有具体数字 two,thousand 不加 s;长度"两千米",metre 跟着复数。 - B
。泛指"数以百计的",hundreds of;C 选项有数字 three 就不能加 s。 - third
。分数"三分之一"=one third,分母用序数词。 - B
。"三十多岁"=in her thirties,介词固定用 in,数词用复数。 - nine → ninth
。"第九个生日"要用序数词 ninth(注意 nine 去 e 加 th)。
五、一句话总结
数词就记三条:
- hundred / thousand / million
:前面有具体数字,不加 s 不加 of;泛指就加 s 加 of(thousands of)。 - 分数
:分子基数、分母序,分子超过一分母加 s;is 还是 are,看 of 后面的名词。 - 时间与年龄
:past 是"过"、to 是"差";"几十多岁"用 in one's + 复数;"第几"用序数词。
下期预告: 介词——in / on / at 三个小词,凭什么统治时间和地点?为什么是 on Monday morning,不是 in Monday morning?下一期一次分清。
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