📚 适用版本：外研版选择性必修第一册 Unit 3

✨ 讲义前言：本次精选Unit3运动、成长、励志主题10个高考顶级高频词/短语，全覆盖熟词生义、词形变形、易混辨析、固定搭配、写作高分句型。适配高二同步学习、高考基础复习，配套题型完全对标高考语法填空、完形、写作考，可直接用于刷题巩固、默写背诵、作文素材积累。

📝 练习题型：单项选择（语境词义辨析）+ 词性转换（高考语法填空题型）+ 句子翻译（写作实战训练）

文章末尾可领取本文内容可直接打印的高考高频考词PDF版，方便学生自测。

1. give way 短语 倒塌；让步，屈服；让路；被取代

🔥 高考核心考点：完形填空、改错、写作超级高频！多义短语极易考混，是高中必背万能短语，常考“让步、被取代”抽象含义，不止“倒塌”字面义。

✅ 必考固定搭配：give way to sb./sth. 对……让步；被……取代｜give way to tears/despair 忍不住落泪/陷入绝望

📌 同义替换：yield to / give in to 屈服于｜collapse 倒塌

📖 真题例句：Traditional modes of life are giving way to modern lifestyles.（传统生活方式正逐渐被现代生活方式取代。）

2. bounce /baʊns/ v. （使）弹起；反弹 n. 弹跳；活力

🔥 高考核心考点：一词多义+写作高分词！熟词生义“恢复活力、东山再起”是阅读隐形考点，动词短语为完形高频考点。

📌 词性变形：bouncy adj. 有弹性的；精力充沛的

✅ 必考固定搭配：bounce back 恢复状态；东山再起｜bounce off sth. 从……弹开｜bounce ideas off sb. 征求他人意见

📖 真题例句：It takes courage to bounce back from failure.（从失败中重整旗鼓需要勇气。）

3. sharpen /ˈʃɑːpən/ v. 提升，改进；使锋利；加剧

🔥 高考核心考点：写作升级词汇！替代普通improve，适配技能、思维、能力提升类写作，同时考查“加剧、变敏锐”熟词生义。

📌 词性变形：sharp adj. 锋利的；敏锐的；急剧的｜sharply adv. 急剧地；严厉地

✅ 必考固定搭配：sharpen one’s skills/abilities 提升技能｜sharpen one’s focus 集中注意力｜sharpen conflicts 加剧冲突

📖 真题例句：Regular practice helps sharpen your competitive skills.（规律练习有助于提升你的竞技能力。）

4. expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ n. 预期；期望；预料

🔥 高考核心考点：语法填空变形必考！词形转换、固定短语是高考高频考点，适配励志、成长类读写话题。

📌 词性变形：expect v. 期待；预料｜unexpected adj. 意外的｜unexpectedly adv. 意外地

✅ 必考固定搭配：beyond one’s expectations 超出预期｜live up to one’s expectations 不负所望｜fall short of expectations 未达预期

📖 真题例句：The final result exceeded all our expectations.（最终结果超出了我们所有人的预期。）

5. in a row 短语 连续地；成一排

🔥 高考核心考点：完形、写作高频加分短语！替代简单continuously，多用于描述比赛、坚持、成绩等场景。

📌 同义替换：in succession 连续地｜consecutively adv. 接连地

✅ 必考搭配：win...in a row 连赢……｜three days in a row 连续三天

📖 真题例句：She has won four championships in a row.（她已经连续四次斩获冠军。）

6. self-belief /ˌselfbɪˈliːf/ n. 自信；信念

🔥 高考核心考点：写作核心励志名词！高考作文品质类话题必背，词形衍生为语法填空考点。

📌 词性变形：believe v. 相信｜belief n. 信念｜self-confident adj. 自信的

✅ 必考固定搭配：build self-belief 建立自信｜lack self-belief 缺乏自信｜strong self-belief 坚定的信念

📖 真题例句：Strong self-belief is the foundation of success.（坚定的自信是成功的基石。）

7. remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的；显著的；出色的

🔥 高考核心考点：写作高分形容词！替换good/great，修饰进步、成就、能力，读写高频。

📌 词性变形：remarkably adv. 显著地；惊人地｜remark v./n. 评论；注意

✅ 必考固定搭配：remarkable progress 显著进步｜remarkable achievements 非凡成就

📖 真题例句：He has made remarkable progress in his sports training.（他在体育训练中取得了显著进步。）

8. pay off 短语 取得成功；得到回报；还清债务

🔥 高考核心考点：高中万能励志短语！完形、写作超高频，重点考查“努力得到回报”抽象义。

📌 同义替换：bear fruit 取得成果｜work out 奏效；成功

✅ 必考句型：All one’s hard work pays off. 所有的努力终有回报。

📖 真题例句：Her constant efforts finally paid off in the national tournament.（她的不懈努力终于在全国赛事中得到了回报。）

9. seize /siːz/ v. 抓住；把握（机会）；夺取

🔥 高考核心考点：书面语高阶动词！替换普通catch/take，“把握机会”为写作满分搭配。

✅ 必考固定搭配：seize an opportunity/chance 把握机会｜seize hold of 抓住；掌控

📖 真题例句：We should seize every opportunity to improve ourselves.（我们应把握每一个提升自我的机会。）

10. ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ n. 要素；因素；原料

🔥 高考核心考点：写作哲理类高频词！多用于成功、成长话题，指代核心要素，高级地道。

✅ 必考固定搭配：the key ingredients of success 成功的核心要素｜essential ingredients 必备要素

📖 真题例句：Perseverance and self-belief are key ingredients of success.（毅力与自信是成功的核心要素。）

题型一：单项选择（10题，语境搭配+词义辨析）

1. We should never ______ to difficulties and always stick to our goals.

A. give way  B. give up  C. give out  D. give off

2. Despite repeated failures, he managed to ______ and keep moving forward.

A. bounce back  B. turn back  C. get back  D. take back

3. Daily practice is essential to ______ your competitive skills in sports.

A. sharpen  B. strengthen  C. increase  D. raise

4. The athlete’s performance was far beyond everyone’s ______.

A. expectation  B. explanation  C. expression  D. exploration

5. The young player won five games ______ and won the championship.

A. in turn  B. in return  C. in a row  D. in advance

6. Lack of ______ is the main reason why many people give up halfway.

A. self-belief  B. self-respect  C. self-control  D. self-introduction

7. She made ______ progress in her training within one month.

A. regular  B. remarkable  C. ordinary  D. usual

8. Keep working hard, and your efforts will surely ______ sooner or later.

A. pay back  B. pay off  C. pay for  D. pay out

9. Brave people always ______ every chance to improve themselves.

A. seize  B. grasp  C. catch  D. hold

10. Diligence and perseverance are vital ______ of lifelong success.

A. elements  B. ingredients  C. factors  D. parts

题型二：词性转换（10题，对标高考语法填空）

1. The old bridge ______ (give) way under the heavy weight yesterday.

2. He is a tough player who shows strong ability of ______ (bounce) back from failure.

3. Constant training leads to the ______ (sharpen) of your professional skills.

4. The result is ______ (expect), which surprises all the audience.

5. She has won six matches in a row, which is ______ (remark).

6. His years of hard work finally brought him a ______ (pay) off.

7. ______ (seize) the opportunity is the first step to success.

8. Confidence is an essential ______ (ingredient) for personal growth.

9. We should hold positive ______ (expect) for our future life.

10. Strong ______ (believe) in yourself will help you overcome difficulties.

题型三：句子翻译（5题，写作实战训练）

1. 真正的强者从不向困难屈服，总能从挫折中重整旗鼓。

_________________________________________________________

2. 持续的练习能够提升我们的技能，让我们取得超出预期的进步。

_________________________________________________________

3. 他连续获胜的经历证明，努力终会得到回报。

_________________________________________________________

4. 自信和坚持是成就梦想最重要的两大要素。

_________________________________________________________

5. 我们要敢于把握每一个机会，创造非凡的成就。

_________________________________________________________