高中英语高频难度科技词汇练习150题

高中英语科技类阅读，那些反复出现却总记不牢的科技词汇也是重难点。algorithm、cybersecurity、renewable、breakthrough、hypothesis……这些词在高考科技文段中高频出现，认不出、辨不清，读懂文章就无从谈起。这份高中英语高频难度科技词汇练习150题（文末），按人工智能、信息技术、科研方法、能源环境、航天前沿、生物医学六大话题分类编排，适合高三复习阶段集中突破，也适合高一高二提前积累。文档中的练习和参考答案是分开的，方便大家自测。建议每天做一组，做完对照答案，把错题中的正确单词抄进自己的科技词汇本，反复回看。词汇认得出，阅读才读得懂。

人工智能与算法

______（人工的）intelligence is transforming industries.

A. Automatic  B. Artificial  C. Available  D. Advanced

参考答案：B. Artificial

The search engine uses a complex ______（算法）to rank web pages.

A. arrangement  B. assignment  C. algorithm  D. assessment

参考答案：C. algorithm

Machine ______（学习）allows computers to improve at tasks.

A. learning  B. limit  C. link  D. luggage

参考答案：A. learning

Speech ______（识别）enables machines to understand spoken language.

A. recommendation B. recreation  C. recognition  D. reference

参考答案：C. recognition

A neural ______（网络）consists of layers of connected nodes.

A. note  B. noise  C. network  D. notice

参考答案：C. network

The company collects massive amounts of ______（数据）to train AI models.

A. debate  B. data  C. debt  D. deposit

参考答案：B. data

信息技术与网络安全

The company plans to ______（升级）its software next month.

A. update  B. upgrade  C. upset  D. upload

参考答案：B. upgrade

Please ______（下载）the file before the meeting starts.

A. download  B. digest  C. divide  D. dismiss

参考答案：A. download

The computer ______（病毒）destroyed important documents.

A. version  B. volume  C. voyage  D. virus

参考答案：D. virus

______（网络安全）is crucial for protecting personal information online.

A. Circumstance  B. Civilization  C. Cooperation  D. Cybersecurity

参考答案：D. Cybersecurity

A computer ______（防火墙）prevents unauthorized access to a network.

A. framework  B. firewall  C. foundation  D. facility

参考答案：B. firewall

Data ______（加密）protects sensitive information from being read.

A. emergency  B. engine  C. encryption  D. entertainment

参考答案：C. encryption

科学研究与实验方法

The team conducted ______（研究）on the effects of climate change.

A. reward  B. reaction  C. research  D. reality

参考答案：C. research

The ______（实验）was designed to test the new drug.

A. experiment  B. exploration  C. explanation  D. exchange

参考答案：A. experiment

The ______（假设）was tested through a series of experiments.

A. hobby  B. harvest  C. hypothesis  D. habit

参考答案：C. hypothesis

The team made a major ______（突破）in cancer treatment.

A. breakdown  B. background  C. bargain  D. breakthrough

参考答案：D. breakthrough

The ______（专利）protects the inventor’s rights for twenty years.

A. pattern  B. patent  C. passage  D. package

参考答案：B. patent

The ______（结论）was based on years of research.

A. condition  B. contest  C. contract  D. conclusion

参考答案：D. conclusion

能源、环境与可持续发展

______（可再生的）energy sources like wind and solar do not run out.

A. Renewable  B. Remarkable  C. Reliable  D. Responsible

参考答案：A. Renewable

Carbon ______（排放）must be reduced to fight climate change.

A. energy  B. emissions  C. efforts  D. examples

参考答案：B. emissions

______（太阳能）panels convert sunlight into electricity.

A. Solar  B. Solid  C. Soft  D. Silent

参考答案：A. Solar

______（回收）of waste reduces the amount sent to landfills.

A. Reminding  B. Requiring  C. Recycling  D. Removing

参考答案：C. Recycling

The ______（环境）needs protection from industrial pollution.

A. environment  B. equipment  C. event  D. effort

参考答案：A. environment

The ______（温室）effect causes global temperatures to rise.

A. grassland  B. guidance  C. guarantee  D. greenhouse

参考答案：D. greenhouse

航天与前沿科技

The ______（卫星）sends signals back to Earth.

A. satellite  B. shelter  C. signal  D. sample

参考答案：A. satellite

The ______（火箭）was launched successfully yesterday.

A. robot  B. route  C. rocket  D. roof

参考答案：C. rocket

The ______（望远镜）can observe distant stars clearly.

A. territory  B. technique  C. tendency  D. telescope

参考答案：D. telescope

The rocket entered ______（轨道）around the earth.

A. orbit  B. order  C. origin  D. object

参考答案：A. orbit

The ______（宇航员）floated in the weightless cabin.

A. assistant  B. architect  C. author  D. astronaut

参考答案：D. astronaut

The ______（宇宙）is still full of mysteries.

A. union  B. unit  C. universe  D. urban

参考答案：C. universe

生物与医学

The ______（基因）determines our eye color and height.

A. gene  B. gift  C. goal  D. gold

参考答案：A. gene

The ______（克隆）of Dolly the sheep was a scientific breakthrough.

A. cloud  B. club  C. clue  D. clone

参考答案：D. clone

The ______（疫苗）protects people from dangerous viruses.

A. value  B. view  C. vaccine  D. voyage

参考答案：C. vaccine

The ______（细胞）is the basic unit of all living things.

A. call  B. cent  C. center  D. cell

参考答案：D. cell

The ______（病人）recovered quickly after the operation.

A. patient  B. partner  C. passenger  D. passage

参考答案：A. patient

The ______（细菌）can cause serious diseases if unchecked.

A. barrier  B. bacteria  C. basket  D. battery

参考答案：B. bacteria