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2024考研英语二真题|完形填空精讲

2024考研英语二真题|完形填空精讲
  同学们好,今天带来2024考研英语二完形填空完整精讲。本篇主题围绕社交生活、孤独感、社交平衡展开,词汇难度适中,重点考察逻辑连词、固定搭配与词义辨析。全文包含原题原文、全文翻译、生词短语、长难句拆解、逐题答案解析,可收藏反复研读。
原题原文
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
  Your social life is defined as the activities you do with other people, for pleasure, when you are not working. It’s important to have a social life, but what is right for one person won’t be right for another. Some of us feel energised by spending lots of time with others, 1 some of us may feel drained, even if it’s doing something we enjoy.
  This is why finding a 2 in your social life is key. Spending too much time on your own, not 3 others, can make you feel lonely and 4. Loneliness is known to impact on your mental health and 5 a low mood. Anyone can feel lonely at any time. This might be especially true if, 6, you are working from home and you are 7 on the usual social conversations that happen in an office. Other life changes can 8 periods of loneliness too, such as retirement, changing jobs or becoming a parent.
  It’s important to recognise these feelings of loneliness. There are ways to 9 a social life, but it can feel overwhelming 10. It’s a great idea to start by thinking about hobbies you enjoy. You can then find groups and activities related to those where you will be able to meet 11 people. There are groups aimed at new parents, at those who want to 12 a new sport for the first time, or networking events for those in the same profession to meet up and 13 ideas.
  On the other hand, it’s 14 possible to have too much of a social life. If you feel like you’re always doing something and there is never any 15 in your calendar for downtime, you could suffer social burnout or social 16. We all have our own social limit and it’s important to recognise when you’re feeling like it’s all too much. Low mood, low energy, irritability and trouble sleeping could all be 17 of poor social health. Make sure you 18 some time in your diary when you’re 19 for socialising and use this time to relax, 20 and recover.
1. [A] because [B] unless [C] whereas [D] until
2. [A] contrast [B] balance [C] link [D] gap
3. [A] seeing [B] pleasing [C] judging [D] teaching
4. [A] misguided [B] surprised [C] spoiled [D] disconnected
5. [A] contribute to [B] rely on [C] interfere with [D] go against
6. [A] in fact [B] of course [C] for example [D] on average
7. [A] cutting back [B] missing out [C] breaking in [D] looking down
8. [A] shorten [B] trigger [C] follow [D] interrupt
9. [A] assess [B] interpret [C] provide [D] regain
10. [A] at first [B] in turn [C] on time [D] by chance
11. [A] far-sighted [B] strong-willed [C] kind-hearted [D] like-minded
12. [A] try [B] promote [C] watch [D] describe
13. [A] test [B] share [C] accept [D] revise
14. [A] already [B] thus [C] also [D] only
15. [A] visit [B] order [C] space [D] boundary
16. [A] fatigue [B] criticism [C] injustice [D] dilemma
17. [A] sources [B] standards [C] signs [D] scores
18. [A] take over [B] wipe off [C] add up [D] mark out
19. [A] ungrateful [B] unavailable [C] responsible [D] regretful
20. [A] react [B] repeat [C] return [D] rest
全文翻译
  社交生活指的是你在工作之外,为了消遣和他人一同参与的各类活动。拥有社交生活十分重要,但适合一个人的社交方式未必适合另一个人。我们当中有些人,长时间和别人相处会觉得精力充沛,而另一些人,哪怕做的是自己喜欢的事,也会感到身心疲惫。
  这就是为什么在社交生活中找到平衡至关重要。如果独处时间过长,很少接触其他人,你就容易感到孤独、与外界脱节。众所周知,孤独会影响心理健康,引发低落情绪。任何人在任何时刻都有可能感到孤独。例如,当你居家办公,错过办公室里日常的闲聊时,这种情况尤为明显。其他人生变故同样会触发阶段性孤独感,比如退休、跳槽或者初为人父母。
  察觉到自己的孤独情绪非常重要。有很多方法可以重新建立社交生活,不过一开始你可能会觉得压力很大。一个很好的切入点就是想想自己喜欢的爱好,然后找到相关社群与活动,在那里你能够遇见志同道合的人。有专门面向新手父母的社群、供人们初次尝试新运动的团体,还有同行业人士会面、交流想法的社交活动。
  另一方面,社交活动过多同样会出问题。如果你感觉自己永远在应酬,日程表里完全没有空余时间休息,就有可能出现社交倦怠、社交疲劳。每个人都有自己的社交承受上限,察觉到自己负荷过载十分关键。情绪低落、精力不足、易怒、失眠,这些都属于社交状态不佳的信号。记得在日程本里划出一段时间,标明这段时间你不安排社交活动,利用这段时间放松、休息、恢复状态。
生词&重点短语(附音标)
  1. energised /ˈenədʒaɪzd/ adj. 精力充沛的
  2. drained /dreɪnd/ adj. 精疲力竭的
  3. balance /ˈbæləns/ n. 平衡
  4. disconnected /ˌdɪskəˈnektɪd/ adj. 脱节的,疏离的
  5. contribute to 促成,导致;有助于
  6. trigger /ˈtrɪɡə(r)/ v. 引发,触发
  7. overwhelm /ˌəʊvəˈwelm/ v. 使不堪重负,压垮
  8. like-minded /ˌlaɪk ˈmaɪndɪd/ adj. 志同道合的
  9. networking event 社交交流会
  10. burnout /ˈbɜːnaʊt/ n. 倦怠,耗竭
  11. irritability /ˌɪrɪtəˈbɪləti/ n. 易怒
  12. mark out 划出,留出
  13. downtime /ˈdaʊntaɪm/ n. 休息时间,停工时间
长难句解析
   长难句1
  > Some of us feel energised by spending lots of time with others, whereas some of us may feel drained, even if it’s doing something we enjoy.
  ✅句子拆分:
  主句1:Some of us feel energised by spending lots of time with others
  连词whereas引导并列对比句:some of us may feel drained
  even if引导让步状语从句:even if it’s doing something we enjoy(we enjoy是定语从句修饰something)
  ✅翻译:我们当中有些人,长时间和别人相处会觉得精力充沛,而另一些人,哪怕做的是自己喜欢的事,也会感到身心疲惫。
  ✅考点:whereas 表前后对比转折,完形高频逻辑词。
  ### 长难句2
  > If you feel like you’re always doing something and there is never any space in your calendar for downtime, you could suffer social burnout or social fatigue.
  ✅句子拆分:
  If引导条件状语从句,从句内部由and连接两个并列分句;
  主句:you could suffer social burnout or social fatigue
  ✅翻译:如果你感觉自己永远在应酬,日程表里完全没有空余时间休息,就有可能出现社交倦怠、社交疲劳。
  ✅考点:条件状语从句 + 名词词义辨析(space此处表“空余”,不是空间)
逐题答案+详细解析
  1. 【C】whereas
  解析:前半句一部分人社交后energised精力充沛,后半句另一部分人drained疲惫,明显对比转折。whereas然而;because因为;unless除非;until直到。选C。
  2. 【B】balance
  解析:全文核心,后文既讲过少社交带来孤独,又讲过多社交带来倦怠,主题就是寻找社交的平衡。contrast对比;link联系;gap缺口。
  3. 【A】seeing
  解析:spending too much time on your own独处太久,也就是很少见、接触其他人。please取悦;judge评判;teach教导。
  4. 【D】disconnected
  解析:长期独处,就会孤独并且和外界脱节。misguided被误导的;surprised惊讶的;spoiled被宠坏的。
  5. 【A】contribute to
  解析:孤独影响心理健康,造成、引发低落情绪。rely on依靠;interfere with干扰;go against违背。
  6. 【C】for example
  解析:前面说任何人随时都会孤独,后面举居家办公这个具体例子,for example例如。in fact事实上;of course当然;on average平均。
  7. 【B】missing out
  解析:居家办公,就会错过办公室日常闲聊。cut back削减;break in闯入;look down看不起。
  8. 【B】trigger
  解析:退休、换工作等人生变化,也会引发一段时期的孤独。shorten缩短;follow跟随;interrupt打断。
  9. 【D】regain
  解析:有办法重新找回、重建社交生活。assess评估;interpret解读;provide提供。
  10. 【A】at first
  解析:重建社交有办法,但是一开始会觉得压力巨大。in turn反过来;on time准时;by chance偶然。
  11. 【D】like-minded
  解析:找到爱好社群,可以遇见志同道合的人。far-sighted有远见的;strong-willed意志坚定;kind-hearted好心的。
  12. 【A】try
  解析:面向想要第一次尝试新运动的人群。promote推广;watch观看;describe描述。
  13. 【B】share
  解析:同行业交流会,大家见面分享想法。test测试;accept接受;revise修改。
  14. 【C】also
  解析:前面讲缺少社交的问题,on the other hand转折,说明过多社交同样是问题。already已经;thus因此;only仅仅。
  15. 【C】space
  解析:日历上没有空余时间休息。visit拜访;order订单;boundary边界。
  16. 【A】fatigue
  解析:social burnout社交倦怠,和social fatigue(疲劳)并列。criticism批评;injustice不公;dilemma困境。
  17. 【C】signs
  解析:情绪低落、失眠这些,都是社交健康不佳的征兆、信号。source来源;standard标准;score分数。
  18. 【D】mark out
  解析:在日记本里划出、留出专属时间。take over接管;wipe off擦掉;add up合计。
  19. 【B】unavailable
  解析:留出一段不参与社交的时间。unavailable此处指没空、不安排社交;ungrateful忘恩负义;responsible负责;regretful后悔。
  20. 【D】rest
  解析:并列动词relax, rest and recover放松、休息、恢复。react反应;repeat重复;return返回。
文末小结
  本篇完形是一篇很典型的议论文,采用“总—分—总”思路:提出社交需要平衡→社交不足产生孤独、如何重建社交→社交过载产生倦怠,要留出休息时间。
  做完这篇大家要重点积累逻辑连词(whereas,for example)、抽象名词(balance,space,signs)、动词固定搭配。完形提分的核心,不在于生词有多难,而是读懂上下文逻辑,抓住文章主线来判断选项。平时精读真题的时候,可以像本篇一样,整理长难句和词组,慢慢提升语感。

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