文档内容
第二章 以完形填空为中心( 词)
382
第一单元 两题型共有词( 词)
221
第一节 完形 阅读 ( 词)
+ A 191
一、单词性单词义( 词)
125
(一)名词( 词)
45
. 高中词( 词)
1 21
a rise/fall in profits收益的上升/下降
pattern22 ★★★ [ ˈ pætn] F gain [ɡe ɪ n] n.利润;经济收益 2
# profitable [ pr f t bl] a.赢利的;有利润的 2
n.模式;方式22 ˈ ɒ ɪə
- housing patterns居住模式
retirement patterns退休模式 target11 [ tɑ ɡ t]
★★★ ˈ ː ɪ
conversational patterns交谈模式
n.目标;指标11
a typical competition pattern
- without a clear target没有清晰的目标
一种典型的竞争模式
an argument against target⁃setting
notice different spending patterns
一个反对设立目标的论点
关注到不同的消费模式
Its not difficult to set targets for staff.
为员工设定目标并不难。
factor12 [ fækt (r)]
★★★ ˈ ə meet/achieve a target完成目标
a target audience/group目标观众/群体
n.因素;要素12
- political factors政治因素 F goal [ɡ l] n.目标;目的 25
əʊ
an essential factor必要因素
factors promoting artwork circulation version9 [ v n]
★★☆ ˈ ɜːʃ
促进艺术品流通的因素
the most important factor最重要的因素 n.版本;型号9
a major factor in the companys failure - users of the free version免费版(软件)的用户
(导致)公司失败的主要因素 be simply unaware of the premium version
F element [ el m nt] n.要素;基本部分 3 根本就不了解(产品的)高级版本
ˈ ɪ ə
the latest version of the software package
软件包的最新版本
profit11 [ pr f t]
★★★ ˈ ɒ ɪ
n.利润;收益11 income8 [ nk m]
★★☆ ˈɪ ʌ
- boost profits提高利润
make a nice profit获利颇丰 n.收入;收益8
decline of business profits营业利润的下滑 - provide an income提供收入
generate considerable profits产生丰厚的利润 a wider income gap更大的收入差距
pattern·factor·profit·target·version·income
11middle⁃class incomes中产阶级的收入 F step [step] n.步;阶段 8
a rise in national income国民收入的增长
F earnings [ ˈɜː n ɪ ŋz] n.薪水;收入 3 insight4 [ nsa t]
spending [ spend ŋ] n.开支;支出 ★☆☆ ˈɪ ɪ
ˈ ɪ
n.了解;深刻见解4
category7 [ kæt ɡ ri] - lack insight about sth缺少对某事的了解
★★☆ ˈ ə ə
provide a new insight into adolescence
n.类别;种类7 提供对青春期的新见解
- new immigrant categories新的移民类别 give sb an insight into advanced science
divide newcomers into two categories 让某人对尖端科学有了解
将新来者分为两类 need to gain insight into the research topic
the various categories of research 需要对研究课题有了解
研究的各种不同类别
percentage4 [p sent d ]
★☆☆ əˈ ɪ ʒ
threat7 [ ret]
★★☆
n.百分率;百分比4
n.威胁;构成威胁的事物7 - a record⁃high percentage of budget
- become a potential threat成为潜在的威胁 破纪录的高比例预算
machines threat to human jobs the percentage of retirement⁃age people
机器对人类工作的威胁 (达到)退休年龄的人的比例
the threat of violence暴力威胁 analyze the results in percentage terms
pose a serious threat to society 用百分比的形式分析结果
对社会构成严重威胁 F ratio [ re i ] n.比率;比例
ˈ ɪʃəʊ
# threaten [ retn] v.威胁;恐吓 14
ˈ
prejudice4 [ pred ud s]
★☆☆ ˈ ʒ ɪ
insect5 [ nsekt]
★☆☆ ˈɪ n.偏见;成见4
n.昆虫5 - a kind of prejudice一种偏见
- disgusting insects令人恶心的昆虫 put historical prejudices to one side
provide habitat for insects 将历史偏见搁置一边
为昆虫提供栖息之所 little prejudice against workers对劳工并无偏见
find more effective ways to kill insects F bias [ ba s] n.偏见;偏心 3
ˈ ɪə
寻找更有效的杀虫方法 impartiality [ mpɑ iæl ti] n.公正;不偏不倚
ˌɪ ˌ ːʃˈ ə
destructive insects害虫
an insect bite昆虫咬伤
proposal4 [pr p zl]
★☆☆ əˈ əʊ
stage5 [ste d ]
n.提议;建议4
★☆☆ ɪ ʒ
- the chief executives proposals
n.时期;阶段5 首席执行官的提案
- early⁃stage tech markets早期科技市场 offer the federal government a proposal
a broadly accepted developmental stage 向联邦政府提交一份提案
(人们)普遍认可的发展阶段 put forward a proposal提出建议
at the design stage处于设计阶段 the proposal for regulation of the tech industry
mark an important stage标志着(进入)重要阶段 对科技行业进行监管的提议
category·threat·insect·stage·insight·percentage·prejudice·proposal
12software4 [ s ftwe (r)] request3 [r kwest]
★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ə ★☆☆ ɪˈ
n.软件4 n.(正式或礼貌的)要求,请求3
- cheap software廉价的软件 - requests for the visas对此类签证的申请
the software company软件公司 at the request of sb应某人的要求
the market for “productivity” software make repeated requests for help再三请求帮助
“生产效率”软件的市场 F appeal [ pi l] n.呼吁;恳求 3
əˈ ː
run a software on the machine
在机器上运行一个软件 database2 [ de t be s]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪə ɪ
design/educational/music⁃sharing software
n.(存储在计算机中的)数据库2
设计/教育/音乐共享软件
- use a database使用一个数据库
access a computer database访问计算机数据库
tendency4 [ tend nsi] an online database在线数据库
★☆☆ ˈ ə
hold customer details in a database
n.倾向;偏好4
将客户的详细信息存储在数据库中
- sbs tendency to feel negative emotions
某人产生负面情绪的倾向
have a tendency to label obesity as a disgrace receipt2 [r si t]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ː
有将肥胖视作一件丢脸的事的倾向
n.收据;发票2
a natural tendency towards caution
- provide receipts提供收据
天生小心谨慎的倾向
nearly , receipts for almost students
display a tendency towards alcoholism 14 000 500
近 名学生的近 张消费小票
展示出酗酒的倾向 500 14 000
ask for a receipt索要收据
F inclination [ nkl ne n] n.倾向;意愿 1
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ
symbol2 [ s mbl]
facility3 [f s l ti] ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ
★☆☆ əˈ ɪə
n.象征;标志2
n. pl.facilities 设施;设备3
< > - symbols of nature自然的象征
- invest in public sports facilities
the symbol of American military adventurism
投资公共体育设施
美国军事冒险主义的象征
special facilities for disabled people
a symbol of courage勇气的象征
专供残疾人使用的设施
be regarded as the symbol of peace
take full advantage of public facilities
被视为和平的象征
充分利用公共设施
# symbolise/⁃ize [ smb la z] v.是……的象征 4
F infrastructure [ nfr str kt (r)] n.基础设施 8 ˈ ɪ ə ɪ
ˈɪ ə ʌ ʃə
. 四级词( 词)
2 7
multibillion⁃pound infrastructure projects
infrastructure8 [ nfr str kt (r)] 数十亿英镑的基础设施项目
★★☆ ˈɪ ə ʌ ʃə
lack a suitable economic infrastructure
n.基础设施;基础建设8
缺少适当的经济基础设施
- infrastructure expenditure基础设施支出
badly damage the countrys infrastructure
poorly maintained infrastructure
严重破坏该国的基础设施
维护不善的基础设施
software·tendency·facility·request·database·receipt·symbol·infrastructure
13unbiased [ nba st] a.公正的;不偏不倚的 1
ʌ ˈ ɪə
revenue7 [ rev nju ]
★★☆ ˈ ə ː
equivalent3 [ kw v l nt]
n.收益;财政收入7
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ əə
- a healthier mix of revenues更加合理的收入比例
n.等价物;对应物3
have more sources of revenue
- the high⁃tech equivalent of a physical key
拥有更多的收入来源
实体钥匙的高科技等价物
advertising revenue广告收入
the architectural equivalent of the abstract art
the companys annual revenues公司的年收入
抽象艺术在建筑领域的对应表达
F income [ nk m] n.收入;收益 8 the French equivalent of the Bank of England
ˈɪ ʌ
与英格兰银行对应的法国银行
infant4 [ nf nt] F counterpart [ ka nt pɑ t] n.对应的事物 3
★☆☆ ˈɪ ə ˈ ʊ ə ː
n.婴儿;幼儿4
intake3 [ nte k]
- infant wear婴儿服装 ★☆☆ ˈɪ ɪ
people caring for infants婴幼儿的看护者 n.摄入量;吸入量3
adopt infants收养婴儿 - increase daily caloric intake
a newborn infant一个新生儿 增加每天的热量摄入
alcohol intake酒精摄入量
an adequate intake of food足够的食物摄入量
bias3 [ ba s]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪə
n.偏见;偏心3 entrepreneur2 [ ntr pr n (r)]
- understand ones biases认识到自己的偏见 ★☆☆ ˌɒ ə əˈ ɜː
harbor biases against the obese n.企业家;创业者2
对肥胖者怀有偏见 - a common scenario that any number of
unconscious biases无意识的偏见 entrepreneurs face许多企业家都面临的一种
常见情形
evaluate sth without bias
不带有偏见地评估某事物 the credibility of entrepreneurs企业家的信誉
help entrepreneurs meet their economic goals
F prejudice [ pred ud s] n.偏见;成见 4
ˈ ʒ ɪ
帮助创业者实现其经济目标
# biased [ ba st] a.片面的;有偏见的 4
ˈ ɪə
. 六级词( 词)
3 1
The epidemic is “moderate” in severity.
epidemic4 [ ep dem k] 该传染病的严重程度为“中等”。
★☆☆ ˌ ɪˈ ɪ
deadly epidemics致命的流行病
n.流行病;传染病4
the outbreak of a flu epidemic流感的爆发
- be declared a global epidemic
F pandemic [pændem k] n.瘟疫;流行病 3
被宣布为全球性的流行病 ˈ ɪ
. 考研词( 词)
4 6
strengthen employee loyalty
employee10 [ mpl i ] 增强员工的忠诚度
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ɔɪː
praise motivated employees
n.雇员;受雇者10
赞扬有积极性的员工
- experienced employees经验丰富的员工
revenue·infant·bias·equivalent·intake·entrepreneur·epidemic·employee
14 employee benefits员工福利
government employees政府雇员 interference4 [ nt f r ns]
★☆☆ ˌɪ əˈ ɪə ə
F personnel [ p s nel] n.职员;员工 1
ˌ ɜː əˈ n.干涉;干预4
- favour French interference支持法国的干涉
employer10 [ mpl (r)]
lessen the impact of government interference
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ɔɪə
减少政府干预的影响
n.雇主;雇用者10
military interference军事干预
- hear of employers begging for workers
regard the advice as interference in sth
听说雇主们急缺员工
把该建议看作是对某事的干涉
the most desirable trait in a future employer
F intervention [ nt ven n] n.干涉;干预 4
未来雇主身上最理想的特质 ˌɪ əˈ ʃ
the National Association of Colleges and
Employers全国高校和雇主协会 childhood3 [ t a ldh d]
★☆☆ ˈʃ ɪ ʊ
safeguard employers interests维护雇主的利益
n.童年;幼年3
one of the largest employers in the area
- childhood consumerism儿童消费主义
该地区最大的雇主之一
a campaign against childhood obesity
F boss [b s] n.老板;上司 2
ɒ 对抗儿童肥胖的运动
childhood memories童年的回忆
privacy9 [ pr v si]
★★☆ ˈ ɪ ə
n.隐私;私密9 deficiency3 [d f nsi]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪʃ
- privacy policies隐私政策
n.缺乏;缺少3
raise security and privacy concerns
- calcium deficiency缺钙
引发对安全和隐私的忧虑
compensate for an emotional deficiency
grant companies data privacy rights
弥补情感上的缺失
授予公司数据隐私权
a deficiency of Vitamin B缺乏维生素B
an app that protects users privacy
一款保护用户隐私的应用程序 F shortage [ ˈʃɔː t ɪ d ʒ ] n.不足;缺少 14
F secret [ si kr t] n.秘密;机密 4 abundance [ əˈ b ʌ nd ə ns] n.大量;充裕 2
ˈ ː ə
. 派生词( 词)
5 10
establish disease correlations
distraction6 [d stræk n] 建立疾病之间的关联
★★☆ ɪˈ ʃ
the correlation between happiness and investment
n.干扰;分散注意力的事物6
幸福感和投资之间的关联
- inevitable distractions不可避免的干扰
the strong correlation between poverty and crime
steer sb clear of distractions引导某人远离干扰
贫穷与犯罪之间的强关联性
the key to eliminating distractions
消除干扰的要诀 F connection [k əˈ nek ʃ n] n.联系;关联 6
visual distractions视觉干扰
F diversion [da v n] n.转移注意力的事物 inequality5 [ n kw l ti]
ɪˈ ɜːʃ ★☆☆ ˌɪ ɪˈ ɒə
correlation5 [ k r le n]
n.不平等;不平均5
★☆☆ ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪʃ - income inequality收入不平等
n.相关;关联5 stem from sex inequalities源于性别不平等
- a positive correlation正相关(关系) inequality of opportunity机会不均等
employer·privacy·interference·childhood·deficiency·distraction·correlation·inequality
15inequalities in wealth distribution财富分配不均 a blessing to privacy and freedom of speech
F imbalance [ mbæl ns] n.失衡;不公平 2 对(保护)隐私和言论自由而言的一件幸事
ɪ ˈ ə
equality [ikw l ti] n.平等;均等 2 a blessing for an agricultural country
ˈ ɒə
对于一个农业国家来说的一件好事
awareness4 [ we n s] misfortune [ ˌ m ɪ s ˈ f ɔː t ʃ u ː n] n.厄运;不幸
★☆☆ əˈ ə ə
n.认识;意识4
disappearance2 [ d s p r ns]
- raise awareness of...提高对……的认识 ★☆☆ ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪə ə
consumers safety awareness消费者的安全意识 n.消失;不见2
public awareness公众意识 - the disappearance of the paper system
an awareness of environmental protection 纸币(付款)系统的消失
环境保护意识 “surprise” disappearances by directors
F consciousness [ k n sn s] n.感觉;意识 董事们“突然的”消失(离职)
ˈ ɒ ʃə ə
unawareness [ n we n s] n.未认识到 the disappearance of many species
ˌʌ əˈ ə ə
许多物种的消失
adjustment3 [ d stm nt] the gradual disappearance of an old way of life
★☆☆ əˈ ʒʌ ə 旧生活方式的逐渐消失
n.调整;适应3 F evaporation [ væp re n]
ɪˌ əˈ ɪʃ
- make adjustments做出调整 n.(逐渐)消失,消散
a call for policy adjustment对政策调整的呼声 appearance [ p r ns] n.出现;显露 1
əˈ ɪə ə
require an adjustment需要一个适应(过程)
go through a period of emotional adjustment
fluctuation2 [ fl kt ue n]
经历一段感情调整期 ★☆☆ ˌ ʌ ʃ ˈ ɪʃ
F adaptation [ ædæpte n] n.适应;调节 1 n.波动;起伏2
ˌ ˈ ɪʃ
- weight fluctuations体重波动
collaboration3 [k læb re n] fluctuation of art prices艺术品价格的波动
★☆☆ əˌ əˈ ɪʃ
cause fluctuations in interest rates
n.合作;协作3 导致利率的波动
- encourage research collaboration be subject to considerable fluctuation
鼓励研究合作 可能会有大的波动
harness the power of collaboration F variation [ ve rie n] n.变化;变动
ˌ ə ˈ ɪʃ
利用合作的力量
in collaboration with colleagues与同事合作
scepticism/skepticism2
collaboration between the teachers and the ★☆☆
[ skept s z m]
government教师和政府间的合作 ˈ ɪ ɪ ə
F cooperation [k p re n] n.合作;协作 6 n.怀疑态度;怀疑主义2
əʊˌɒ əˈ ɪʃ
- be greeted with skepticism受到质疑
blessing2 [ bles ŋ] maintain a healthy skepticism about...
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ 对……保持合理的怀疑态度
n.幸事;有益之事2 regard the researchers claims with skepticism
- a blessing to firms and patients 对该研究人员的断言持怀疑态度
对于公司和病人而言的一件幸事 F suspicion [s sp n] n.怀疑;猜疑
əˈ ɪʃ
awareness·adjustment·collaboration·blessing·disappearance·fluctuation·scepticism/skepticism
16(二)动词( 词)
37
. 高中词( 词)
1 20
predict10 [pr d kt] decrease5 [d kri s]
★★☆ ɪˈ ɪ ★☆☆ ɪˈ ː
v.预测;预报10 v.(使)减少;(使)降低5
- predict a drugs efficacy预测药物的疗效 - decrease opportunities减少机会
predict how sb would feel drastically decreased population
预测某人会有什么感受 大幅下降的人口
predict a wider income gap in the US lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities
预测美国更大的收入差距 由于机会减少而落后于他人
predict the ultimate outcome预测最终的结果 decrease from A to B从A减少到B
F foresee [f si ] v.预料;预见 1 decrease unemployment减少失业人数
ɔːˈ ː
# prediction [pr d k n] n.预言;预测 3
ɪˈ ɪ ʃ
predictable [pr d kt bl] a.可预测的 2 dominate5 [ d m ne t]
ɪˈ ɪ ə ★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ɪ ɪ
mispredict [ m spr d kt] v.错误预测 1
ˌ ɪ ˈ ɪ ɪ v.支配;控制5
predictably [pr d kt bli] ad.可预见地 1
ɪˈ ɪ ə - dominate digital advertising控制数字广告业
predictability [pr d kt b l ti] n.可预测性 1
ɪˌ ɪ əˈ ɪə be dominated by animal husbandry
以畜牧业为主导
generate9 [ d en re t] dominate the smartphone market
★★☆ ˈ ʒ ə ɪ
主导智能手机市场
v.产生;引起9
the industry dominated by five multinational
- generate interest产生利益
companies受五家跨国公司控制的行业
Home generated more stress than the workplace.
F control [k ntr l] v.控制;支配 6
ə ˈ əʊ
家比工作场所造成了更多压力。
liberate [ l b re t] v.使自由;使摆脱限制 2
ˈɪ ə ɪ
changes which generate controversy
# dominant [ d m n nt] a.占支配地位的 4
引起争议的变化 ˈ ɒ ɪ ə
predominantly [pr d m n ntli] ad.主要地 1
ɪˈ ɒ ɪ ə
the income generated by the sale of houses
由房屋销售产生的收入
admit4 [ dm t]
F produce [pr dju s] v.引起;使产生 13 ★☆☆ ə ˈ ɪ
əˈ ː
# regenerative [r
ɪˈ
d
ʒ
en
ə
r
ə
t
ɪ
v] a.(能)再生的 6 v.承认4
- admit that climate is a key element
ignore8 [ ɡn (r)] 承认气候是个关键要素
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ɔː
admit to mixed feelings about the result
v.忽视;置之不理8 承认对于这一结果(有)复杂的态度
- be difficult to ignore难以忽视 refuse to admit the truth拒不承认事实
ignore public opinions忽视公众的意见 admit to being strict with ones teammates
ignore the warning signs无视警告标志 承认对自己的组员很严厉
ignore customer feedback对客户的反馈置之不理 F confess [k nfes] v.供认;承认
ə ˈ
F disregard [ d sr ɡɑ d] v.不顾;不理会 deny [d na ] v.否认;否定 5
ˌ ɪ ɪˈ ː ɪˈ ɪ
predict·generate·ignore·decrease·dominate·admit
17# disappearance [ d s p r ns] n.消失;不见 2
ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪə ə
assign4 [ sa n]
★☆☆ əˈ ɪ
justify4 [ d st fa ]
v.分派,布置(工作、任务等)4
★☆☆ ˈ ʒʌ ɪ ɪ
- assign as much of homework as sb wants
v.证明……正当或合理4
某人按自己所想安排家庭作业量
- be justified by the fact that...
assign students a new task给学生布置新任务
被……这一事实证明是合理的
assign the mission to the agency
justify ones efforts to do sth
把任务分派给这一机构
证明自己做某事的努力是合理的
F allocate [ æl ke t] v.分配……(给)3
ˈ ə ɪ justify formulating the policy
# assignment [ əˈ sa ɪ nm ə nt] n.(分派的)任务 2 证明制定该政策是合理的
# justification [ d st f ke n] n.正当理由 1
ˌ ʒʌ ɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ
conclude4 [k nklu d]
★☆☆ ə ˈ ː
register4 [ red st (r)]
v.断定;得出结论4 ★☆☆ ˈ ʒɪ ə
- A number of studies have concluded that...
v.注册;登记4
一些研究已得出结论……
- registered users已注册的用户
conclude from the experiment从实验中得出结论
be forced to register and identify oneself
conclude that the hypothesis is correct
被强制注册并验证自己的身份
断定该假说是正确的
register a trademark注册商标
# conclusion [k nklu n] n.结论;推论 1 be officially registered as the disabled
ə ˈ ːʒ
被正式登记为伤残者
detect4 [d tekt] F enrol(l) [ nr l] v.注册;登记
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ ˈ əʊ
v.发现;识别4
assess3 [ ses]
- detect social signals识别社交信号 ★☆☆ əˈ
be first detected in Mexico v.评定;评估3
最早被发现于墨西哥 - assess other factors评估其他因素
detect radioactive materials发现放射性物质 assess whether a couple will stay together
detect a flaw in an argument发现论点中的漏洞 评估一对夫妻是否会在一起
F discover [d sk v (r)] v.发现;发觉 7 assess the effectiveness of different drugs
ɪˈ ʌ ə
评估不同药物的疗效
disappear4 [ d s p (r)] F evaluate [ væljue t] v.评价;评估
★☆☆ ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪə ɪˈ ɪ
# assessment [ sesm nt] n.评估;评定 4
əˈ ə
v.消亡;不复存在4
- disappear at a high speed快速消亡
launch3 [l nt ]
Worker shortages had disappeared. ★☆☆ ɔː ʃ
员工短缺(问题)已不复存在。 v.发起;发动3
the security threat that has disappeared - launch a round of talks发起一轮会谈
不复存在的安全威胁 launch a high⁃visibility campaign
high⁃polluting industries that will finally 发起一场引人注目的运动
disappear终将不复存在的高污染行业 launch an investigation into the deal
F vanish [ væn ] v.消亡;不复存在 2 对这宗交易发起调查
ˈ ɪʃ
appear [ p (r)] v.出现;显现 12 F initiate [ n ie t] v.开始;发起
əˈ ɪə ɪˈ ɪʃ ɪ
assign·conclude·detect·disappear·justify·register·assess·launch
18resolve the skills mismatch
cheat2 [t i t] 解决技能不匹配(的问题)
★☆☆ ʃː
resolve sbs doubts about sth
v.欺骗;欺诈2
消除某人对某事的疑惑
- the car manufacturers cheating
aim to resolve academic disputes
汽车制造商的欺诈行为
旨在解决学术争议
be cheated by employers被雇主欺诈
F solve [s lv] v.解决;处理 4
attempt to cheat the official企图欺骗官员 ɒ
F deceive [d si v] v.欺骗;蒙骗
ɪˈ ː stimulate2 [ st mjule t]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
disturb2
★☆☆
[d
ɪˈ
st
ɜː
b] v.促进;激励2
- stimulate innovations促进创新
v.打扰;干扰2
stimulate a number of anti⁃obesity policies
- disturb the bird侵扰该鸟类
激励一些对抗肥胖政策(的出台)
be arrested for disturbing the peace
stimulate the government into acting
因扰乱治安而被逮捕
促使政府采取行动
F intrude [ ntru d] v.侵扰;打扰
ɪ ˈ ː ways to stimulate private investment
促进私人投资的方法
interrupt2 ★☆☆ [ ˌɪ nt əˈ r ʌ pt] suppress [s əˈ pres] v.镇压;压制 3
v.打扰;打断2
- be interrupted被打扰 sweep2 [swi p]
★☆☆ ː
interrupt sbs concentration打断某人的专注
v.席卷;横扫2
# interruption [ nt r p n] n.打扰;干扰 2
ˌɪ əˈ ʌ ʃ - sweep across the Web席卷互联网
the whirlwind that sweeps through newsrooms
resolve2 [r z lv] 这场席卷新闻编辑室的旋风
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɒ
an economic crisis sweeping the world
v.解决;消除2
席卷全球的经济危机
- resolve uncertainty消除不确定性
. 四级词( 词)
2 13
invest10 [ nvest] alter6 [ lt (r)]
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ★★☆ ˈɔː ə
v.投资10 v.(使)改变,更改6
- invest more in stocks更多地投资股票 - alter the food chain改变食物链
make firms more likely to invest alter ones training program
促使公司更愿意投资 改变自己的锻炼计划
change the way companies invest alter information stored there
改变公司的投资方式 改变储存于那里的信息
invest hundreds of millions of dollars alter ones lifestyle radically
投资数亿美元 使某人的生活方式完全改变
invest in antique furniture投资古董家具 alter the validity of experimental findings
# investor [ nvest (r)] n.投资者 4 改变实验结果的有效性
ɪ ˈ ə
investment [ nvestm nt] n.投资 8 F modify [ m d fa ] v.改变;修改 2
ɪ ˈ ə ˈ ɒ ɪ ɪ
cheat·disturb·interrupt·resolve·stimulate·sweep·invest·alter
19disobey [ d s be ] v.不服从;不顺从
ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪ
mislead4 [ m sli d]
★☆☆ ˌ ɪ ˈ ː
v.误导;使误信4 prompt3 [pr mpt]
★☆☆ ɒ
- mislead the European Commission
误导欧盟委员会
v.促使;激起3
- prompt arguments激起争论
mislead sb into doing worthless things
误导某人做毫无价值的事情 prompt sb to think more deeply
mislead the public误导公众 促使某人更深入地思考
mislead sb about sth在某事上误导某人 prompt the government to tighten security
F deceive [d si v] v.误导;使人误信 促使政府加强安全(工作)
ɪˈ ː
# misleading [ m sli d ŋ] a.使人产生误解的 2 F provoke [pr v k] v.激起;引起 1
ˌ ɪ ˈ ː ɪ əˈ əʊ
neglect4 ★☆☆ [n ɪˈ ɡlekt] sacrifice3 [ sækr fa s]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
v.忽略;忽视4
v.牺牲;献出3
- neglect sb忽视某人
- sacrifice some of ones day⁃to⁃day activities
neglect the sign of crisis忽略危机的征兆
牺牲一些自己的日常活动
neglect ones studies忽视自己的学习
Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.
some severely neglected children
为整体效果牺牲了细节。
一些被严重忽略的孩子们
sacrifice ones social life
F ignore [ ɡn (r)] v.忽视;对……不予理会 7
ɪ ˈ ɔː 牺牲自己的社交生活
sacrifice speed for saving fuel
yield4 [ji ld]
★☆☆ ː 为节省燃料而牺牲速度
v.出产;产生4
- yield a better⁃trained workforce thrive3 [ ra v]
★☆☆ ɪ
产出更加训练有素的劳动力
yield lasting feelings of fulfilment v.茁壮成长;蓬勃发展3
产生长久的满足感 - grow and thrive茁壮生长
yield strikingly different circumstances provide the conditions for sport to thrive
带来截然不同的情形
为体育运动繁荣发展提供条件
yield important results产生重要的成果
continue to thrive继续蓬勃发展
yield direct cash returns产生直接的现金回报
thrive in this area在该地区蓬勃发展
F generate [ ˈ d ʒ en ə re ɪ t] v.产生;引起 9 F flourish [ fl r ] v.兴旺;繁荣 1
ˈ ʌ ɪʃ
depress [d pres] v.使萧条;使不景气
ɪˈ
obey3 [ be ]
★☆☆ əˈ ɪ
v.服从;遵守3 hint2 [h nt]
★☆☆ ɪ
- obey traffic laws遵守交通法规
obey existing rules遵守现有的规则
v.暗示;透露2
governments that do not obey - sb hints that...某人暗示/透露说……
不遵守(规则)的政府 hint at that possibility暗示那种可能性
refuse to obey orders拒绝服从命令 hint about layoffs暗示(有)裁员
obey the leader without question hint at possible job losses
毫无异议地服从领导 暗示可能的失业
mislead·neglect·yield·obey·prompt·sacrifice·thrive·hint
20spark a kind of fresh perspective
reproduce2 [ ri pr dju s] 引出一种全新的视角
★☆☆ ˌ ː əˈ ː
spark a storm of protest around the country
v.再现;使再次发生2
引发一场全国性的抗议浪潮
- reproduce this effect with other stimuli
F provoke [pr v k] v.激起;引起 1
用其他刺激再现这一效应 əˈ əʊ
continue to reproduce and widen
继续再生并扩大 violate2 [ va le t]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪə ɪ
fail to reproduce similar research results
v.侵犯(权利、隐私等)2
未能再现相似的研究结果
- violate sbs privacy侵犯某人的隐私
violate the patents of individual genes
spark2 [spɑ k] 侵犯单个基因所获得的专利
★☆☆ ː
accuse the company of violating its customers
v.引发;触发2
privacy指责该公司侵犯其顾客的隐私
- spark intense opposition引发强烈反对
. 六级词( 词)
3 2
# correlation [ k r le n] n.相关;相互关系 5
ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪʃ
correlate2 [ k r le t]
★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ə ɪ
v.关联;相关2
designate2
★☆☆
[
ˈ
dez
ɪ
ɡne
ɪ
t]
- be correlated with...与……相关
v.指定;认定2
correlate strongly with students end⁃of⁃semester
- designate the bird as “endangered”
ratings与学生在学期末的评分高度相关
将这一鸟类认定为“濒危(物种)”
correlate closely with GDP
the first worldwide epidemic designated by...
与国内生产总值(GDP)密切相关
被……认定为全球首次发生的流行病
correlate to a difference in weight
be designated a state agency被认定为国家机构
与体重差异相关
a designated nature reserve指定的自然保护区
F relate [r le t] v. to 涉及;与……相关 14
ɪˈ ɪ <~ >
. 考研词( 词)
4 1
The effects of ethicsclassesare poorly summarized.
summarise/⁃ize5 [ s m ra z] 伦理课的影响被总结得不够充分。
★☆☆ ˈ ʌ ə ɪ
summarize the research results at the end
v.总结;概括5
of the paper在论文结尾总结研究结果
- summarize the main idea of this text
F conclude [k nklu d] v.总结;得出结论 4
概括本文的主旨 ə ˈ ː
. 派生词( 词)
5 1
symbolize the future象征未来
symbolise/⁃ize4 [ s mb la z] use light and dark to symbolize good and evil
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ə ɪ
用光明与黑暗来象征善与恶
v.象征;代表4
F represent [ repr zent] v.代表;作为……的象征 5
- symbolise genders代表性别 ˌ ɪˈ
reproduce·spark·violate·correlate·designate·summarise/⁃ize·symbolise/⁃ize
21(三)形容词( 词)
35
. 高中词( 词)
1 13
digital18 [ d d tl] responsible5 [r sp ns bl]
★★★ ˈ ɪ ʒɪ ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɒ ə
a.数码的;数字信息系统的18 a.负责的;有责任的5
- a digital credential数字证书 - be responsible for setting educational policy
handle digital deception应对数字欺诈 负责制定教育政策
the study of digital play对数字娱乐的研究 be partly responsible for the problem
the giants of the digital economy数字经济巨头 对该问题负有部分责任
the new digital technology新的数字技术 the cabinet minister responsible for education
digital satellite broadcasting数字卫星广播 负责教育的内阁部长
F digitalise/⁃ize [ ˈ d ɪ d ʒɪ t ə la ɪ z] v.(使)数字化 1 F accountable [ əˈ ka ʊ nt ə bl] a.负有责任的 2
multiple9 [ m lt pl]
sufficient5
★☆☆
[s
əˈ
f
ɪʃ
nt]
★★☆ ˈ ʌ ɪ
a.数量多的;多种多样的9
a.足够的;充足的5
- seem sufficient似乎充足的
- multiple times a day每天多次
be far from sufficient远远不够的
multiple components多个要素
sufficient savings充足的存款
click through multiple screens点击多个屏幕
allow sufficient time to study
multiple forms of reciprocal help
留出充足的时间来学习
互助的多种形式
F adequate [ æd kw t] a.足够的;合乎需要的 1
multiple copies of documents ˈ ɪ ə
inadequate [ næd kw t] a.不足的;不够的 2
各种文件的大量副本 ɪ ˈ ɪ ə
# insufficient [ ns f nt] a.不足的;不充分的 1
F numerous [ nju m r s] a.众多的;许多的 ˌɪ əˈ ɪʃ
ˈ ː ə ə self⁃sufficient [ self s f nt] a.自给自足的 1
few [fju ] a.不多的;很少的 28 ˌ əˈ ɪʃ
ː self⁃sufficiency [self s f nsi] n.自立;自给自足 4
ˌ əˈɪʃ
aware5 [ we (r)]
★☆☆ əˈ ə contemporary4 [k ntempr ri]
★☆☆ ə ˈ ə
a.知道的;意识到的5
a.当代的;现代的4
- be keenly aware...敏锐意识到……
- contemporary trends当代潮流
be aware of dark patterns了解黑暗模式
sales of contemporary art当代艺术品的销售额
stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations
the complexities of contemporary society
随时留意任何明显的体重波动
当代社会的复杂情况
as far as sb is aware据某人所知
have importance to contemporary audiences
make sb aware of the risks involved 对当代听众具有重要意义
使某人意识到所涉及的风险
F modern [ m dn] a.现代的;当代的 5
ˈ ɒ
F conscious [ k n s] a.注意到的;意识到的 4
ˈ ɒ ʃə
unconscious [ nk n s] a.未察觉的;
ʌ ˈ ɒ ʃə enormous4 [ n m s]
未意识到的 ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɔː ə
1
# awareness [ we n s] n.认识;意识 4 a.巨大的;庞大的4
əˈ ə ə
unaware [ n we (r)] a.不知道的 1 - enormous bonus payouts巨额奖金支出
ˌʌ əˈ ə
digital·multiple·aware·responsible·sufficient·contemporary·enormous
22exert enormous influence on... eventual [ vent u l] a.最后的;最终的
ɪˈ ʃ ə
对……施加巨大影响 # originally [ r d n li] ad.原来;起初 1
əˈ ɪ ʒə ə
enormous efforts巨大的努力
an enormous bunch of flowers巨大的花束
vital3 [ va tl]
F immense [ mens] a.极大的;巨大的 1 ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ
ɪˈ
# enormously [ n m sli] ad.非常;极其 1 a.必不可少的;对……极重要的3
ɪˈ ɔː ə
- play a vital part起极重要的作用
be vital to do sth做某事是极其重要的
rigid4 [ r d d]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ʒɪ be of vital importance in modern society
a.刻板的;严格的4 在现代社会中至关重要
- become less rigid变得不那么严格 F essential [ sen l] a.必不可少的 6
ɪˈ ʃ
be much more rigid about immigrants unnecessary [ nnes s ri] a.不必要的 3
ʌ ˈ ə ə
对移民更加严格的
rigid price controls严格的价格控制 accurate2 [ ækj r t]
★☆☆ ˈ ə ə
sbs rigid adherence to the rules
某人对规则的刻板坚持 a.准确的;正确无误的2
F strict [str kt] a.严格的;严厉的 7 - provide an accurate depiction
ɪ
提供准确的描述
Their ratings were just as accurate.
mild3 [ma ld]
★☆☆ ɪ 他们(这组人)的评分也同样准确。
a.温和的;轻微的3 an accurate estimate一项准确的估计
- mild symptoms轻微症状 accurate research data准确无误的研究数据
a mild and detached way F precise [pr sa s] a.准确的;确切的 1
ɪˈ ɪ
一种温和而客观的方式 imprecise [ mpr sa s] a.不确切的;不精确的
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪ
a mild headache/fever轻微的头疼/发烧 # accuracy [ ækj r si] n.准确性;精确度 3
ˈ ə ə
F slight [sla t] a.轻微的;略微的 accurately [ ækj r tli] ad.准确地 1
ɪ ˈ ə ə
severe [s v (r)] a.十分严重的 2
ɪˈ ɪə
subsequent2 [ s bs kw nt]
★☆☆ ˈ ʌ ɪ ə
original3 [ r d nl]
★☆☆ əˈ ɪ ʒə a.随后的;后来的2
a.原来的;起初的3 - subsequent experiments随后的实验
- the original purpose初衷 subsequent bad performance随后的糟糕表现
identify an original photograph subsequent economic expansion
识别一张原始照片 随后的经济扩张
an original result of the experiment previous [ pri vi s] a.先前的;以往的 7
ˈ ː ə
一个最初的实验结果 # subsequently [ s bs kw ntli] ad.随后;后来 1
ˈ ʌ ɪ ə
. 四级词( 词)
2 8
the selection of federal jurors
federal27 [ fed r l] 联邦陪审员的选拔
★★★ ˈ ə ə
avoid the redirection of federal money
a.联邦政府的27
避免改变联邦资金的用途
- a federal judge/official联邦法官/官员
a federal law联邦法
conform to the federal court
遵从联邦法院(的规定) the federal government联邦政府
rigid·mild·original·vital·accurate·subsequent·federal
23Daily schedules are indispensable to studying.
inevitable5 [ nev t bl] 每日计划表对学习是不可或缺的。
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ɪə
an indispensable tool for solving these problems
a.不可避免的;必然(发生)的5
解决这些问题的必要工具
- inevitable distractions不可避免的干扰
F essential [ sen l] a.完全必要的;必不可少的 6
acknowledge fires inevitable presence ɪˈ ʃ
dispensable [d spens bl] a.可有可无的
承认火灾的必然存在 ɪˈ ə
an inevitable result of the decision
vulnerable3 [ v ln r bl]
该决定的必然结果 ★☆☆ ˈ ʌ ə ə
F unavoidable [ n v d bl] a.无法避免的 1 a.易受攻击的;易受伤害的3
ˌʌ əˈ ɔɪ ə
avoidable [ v d bl] a.可以避免的 - leave much of the Internet vulnerable
əˈ ɔɪ ə
# inevitably [ nev t bli] ad.不可避免地 3 使互联网的大部分地方易受攻击
ɪ ˈ ɪə
These jobs are so vulnerable to technology.
steady5 [ stedi]
这些工作在技术面前如此不堪一击。
★☆☆ ˈ be in a vulnerable position处于易受攻击的位置
a.稳步的;持续的5 F susceptible [s sept bl] a.易受伤害的
əˈ ə
- a steady rise in fruit consumption invulnerable [ nv ln r bl] a.不会受伤害的
ɪ ˈ ʌ ə ə
水果食用量的稳步上升
a steady growth of job opportunities
feasible2 [ fi z bl]
就业机会的稳步增长 ★☆☆ ˈ ː ə
make slow but steady progress a.可行的;行得通的2
取得缓慢而稳定的进展 - How feasible is this vision?
# steadily [ sted li] ad. 稳步地;持续地 1 这一愿景的可行性如何?
ˈ ə ①
稳定地;恒定地 2 a feasible plan/suggestion/idea
②
可行的计划/建议/想法
look for a feasible way寻找可行的办法
intellectual4 [ nt lekt u l]
★☆☆ ˌɪ əˈ ʃ ə F practicable [ prækt k bl] a.可行的;行得通的
ˈ ɪ ə
a.智力的;脑力的4 unfeasible [ nfi z bl] a.不可行的;难实现的
ʌ ˈ ː ə
- the intellectual value智力价值
improve a childs intellectual ability
principal2 [ pr ns pl]
提高孩子的智力 ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ə
intellectual challenges智力(方面)的挑战 a.主要的;最重要的2
F mental [ mentl] a.智力的;思考的 1 - a principal energy source一个主要的能源来源
ˈ
the principal reason主要的原因
the countrys principal cities该国的主要城市
indispensable3 [ nd spens bl]
★☆☆ ˌɪ ɪˈ ə F main [me n] a.主要的;最重要的 4
ɪ
a.不可或缺的;必不可少的3 minor [ ma n (r)] a.较小的;次要的 1
ˈ ɪ ə
- the indispensable supporter不可或缺的支撑物 # principally [ pr ns pli] ad.主要地 1
ˈ ɪ ə
. 六级词( 词)
3 2
an inherent need to resolve uncertainty
inherent2 [ nh r nt] 生来就有的消除不确定性的需求
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ɪə ə
believe in the inherent goodness of people
a.内在的;生来就有的2
相信人性本善
- the inherent value内在价值
inevitable·steady·intellectual·indispensable·vulnerable·feasible·principal·inherent
24# inherently [ nh r ntli] ad.内在地;固有地 2 have no numerical cap没有数值上限
ɪ ˈ ɪə ə
a numerical calculation数字运算
documents in numerical order
numerical2 [nju mer kl]
★☆☆ ːˈ ɪ 按数字顺序排列的文件
a.数字的;数值的2 record all the numerical data on computers
- numerical standards数值标准 将所有数字数据记录在电脑上
. 考研词( 词)
4 8
voluntary9 [ v l ntri] dominant4 [ d m n nt]
★★☆ ˈ ɒə ★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ɪ ə
a.自愿的;主动的9 a.占优势的;占支配地位的4
- a voluntary action一项自愿的行动 - the dominant form of payment
voluntary part⁃time workers 主要的支付方式
自愿的兼职工作者 be in a dominant position处于优势地位
voluntary donations自愿捐赠 a dominant figure at a conference
a voluntary agreement自愿的协议 会议中举足轻重的人物
F willing [ w l ŋ] a.自愿的;乐于相助的 10 F predominant [pr d m n nt] a.占优势的
ˈ ɪɪ ɪˈ ɒ ɪ ə
unwilling [ nw l ŋ] a.勉强的;迫不得已的 1
ʌ ˈ ɪɪ
# involuntary [ ɪ n ˈ v ɒ l ə ntri] a.非自愿的;非本意的 5 sociable4 [ s bl]
voluntarily [ v l ntr li] ad.自愿地;主动地 1 ★☆☆ ˈ əʊʃə
ˈ ɒə ə
a.合群的;好交际的4
- tell whether someone is sociable
tolerant7 [ t l r nt]
★★☆ ˈɒə ə 辨别某人是否好交际
a.宽容的;容忍的7 be less sociable than other professors
- be more socially tolerant 不像其他教授那样好交际
在社会(问题)上更为宽容 a sociable couple一对好交际的夫妇
maintain a tolerant style with the kids survey the blood types of sociable people
继续以宽容的方式对待孩子 调查好交际的人的血型
a tolerant society宽容的社会
be tolerant of others对他人宽容
prevalent3 [ prev l nt]
intolerant [ nt l r nt] a.偏执的;不容忍的 ★☆☆ ˈ əə
ɪ ˈɒə ə
a.流行的;普遍存在的3
- the prevalent discrimination against certain
desirable4 [d za r bl]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪə ə races对某些种族的普遍歧视
a.理想的;可取的4 Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark
- the most desirable trait最理想的特质 patterns is still not well understood.黑暗模式
a desirable mental state理想的精神状态 尽管广泛流行,但其概念仍未被充分理解。
be highly desirable非常理想的 a prevalent view普遍的观点
a desirable business partner the most prevalent type of household debt
理想的商业伙伴 最普遍的家庭债务类型
F preferable [ prefr bl] a.更可取的;更合意的 F widespread [ wa dspred] a.普遍的;流行的 2
ˈ ə ˈ ɪ
undesirable [ nd za r bl] a.不合意的 uncommon [ nk m n] a.罕见的;不常有的 1
ˌʌ ɪˈ ɪə ə ʌ ˈ ɒ ə
numerical·voluntary·tolerant·desirable·dominant·sociable·prevalent
25productive3 [pr d kt v] imaginative2 [ mæd n t v]
★☆☆ əˈ ʌ ɪ ★☆☆ ɪˈ ʒɪ əɪ
a.有效益的;富有成效的3 a.创新的;富有想象力的2
- Theyre more productive, more creative, and - have the imaginative capacity
willing to take greater risks.他们更高效、更有 拥有想象的能力
创造力,且愿意去冒更大的风险。 imaginative thinking
have a very productive meeting 创新的见解
开一个极有成效的会议 write an imaginative story
a long and productive revolution 写一部富有想象力的小说
长期且富有成效的变革 F inventive [ nvent v] a.有创意的;善于创新的 1
ɪ ˈ ɪ
F effective [ fektv] a.有效的;产生预期结果的 10 unimaginative [ n mæd n t v]
ɪˈ ɪ ˌʌ ɪˈ ʒɪ əɪ
# productively [pr d kt vli] ad.富有成效地 1 a.缺乏想象力的
əˈ ʌ ɪ
. 派生词( 词)
5 4
an innovative design创新的设计
emotional17 [ m nl] look for innovative ways寻求创新的办法
★★★ ɪˈ əʊʃə
F creative [krie t v] a.有创造力的 7
a.情感的;情绪的17 ˈ ɪɪ
- emotional exchange情感交流
respond to sbs emotional needs
interpersonal3 [ nt p s nl]
★☆☆ ˌɪ əˈ ɜː ə
回应某人的情感需求
a.人际的;人际关系的3
bring about emotional satisfaction
- interpersonal relations人际关系
带来情感上的满足
the interpersonal realm人际范畴
compensate for an emotional deficiency
interpersonal communication人际沟通
弥补某种情感缺失
have excellent interpersonal skills
provide emotional support提供情感支持
具有出色的人际交往技巧
pupils with emotional difficulties
有情感障碍的学生
lengthy3 [ leŋ i]
F affective [ fekt v] a.感情的;情感的 ★☆☆ ˈ
əˈ ɪ
# emotionally [ ɪˈ m əʊʃə n ə li] ad. ① 感情上地 1 a.漫长的;长时间的3
情绪激动地
② 1 - lengthy periods of economic stagnation
长期的经济停滞
innovative6 [ n ve t v] lengthy retreats dedicated to a specific task
★★☆ ˈɪ ə ɪɪ
为专注于特定工作而进行的长时间静修
a.创新的;富有革新精神的6
the lengthy process of obtaining a visa
- innovative computer technologies
取得签证的漫长过程
创新的计算机技术
face lengthy delays because of the strike
be performed by innovative minds
因罢工而面临漫长的延误
由富有革新精神的智者完成
F long [l ŋ] a.长期的;长时间的 13
an innovative project⁃marketing manager ɒ
short [ t] a.短期的;短暂的 4
一位富有革新精神的项目营销经理 ʃɔː
productive·imaginative·emotional·innovative·interpersonal·lengthy
26(四)副词( 词)
8
. 高中词( 词)
1 3
look somewhat different
therefore9 [ e f (r)] 看起来有些不同
★★☆ ˈð ə ɔː
become somewhat unpredictable
ad.因此;所以9
变得有些不可预测
- Therefore,everyone needs to find their extra value.
F slightly [ sla tli] ad.略微;稍微 1
因此,所有人都需要找到自身的额外价值。 ˈ ɪ
fail to get funding and therefore abandon the
project未能筹到资金,因此放弃计划 nevertheless2 [ nev les]
★☆☆ ˌ əðəˈ
F consequently [ k ns kw ntli] ad.因此;所以
ˈ ɒ ɪ ə ad.然而;尽管如此2
- Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation
somewhat3 [ s mw t] is desperate.然而,经济适用房的形势却很严峻。
★☆☆ ˈ ʌ ɒ
old⁃fashioned but nevertheless useful methods
ad.有点;有几分3
过时但仍然有用的方法
- be somewhat overweight有几分超重
F nonetheless [ n n les] ad.然而;尽管如此
be somewhat more optimistic更乐观一点 ˌ ʌ ðəˈ
. 考研词( 词)
2 1
Nobody is all bad, nor, conversely, all good.
conversely2 [ k nv sli] 没有人是彻头彻尾的坏人,相反地,也没有完
★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ɜː
完全全的好人。
ad.相反地;反过来2
likewise [ la kwa z]
- Conversely, if homework matters...相反,如果 ˈ ɪ ɪ
ad.同样地;以相似方式地
1
家庭作业很重要……
. 派生词( 词)
3 4
temporarily6 [ tempr r li] severely3 [s v li]
★★☆ ˈ ə ə ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪə
ad.短暂地;暂时地6 ad.严重地;重度地3
- stay in a foreign country temporarily - be severely obese重度肥胖的
短暂居留国外 severely damage the ecology of western states
temporarily lower carbon⁃carrying capacity 严重损害西部各州的生态
暂时降低碳承载能力 severely reduce funding for scientific research
be temporarily unavailable暂时不可用 严重削减科研资金
temporarily halt the civil war areas severely affected by unemployment
暂时中止内战 深受失业影响的地区
F briefly [ bri fli] ad.短暂地;暂时地 1 F seriously [ s ri sli] ad.严重地
ˈ ː ˈ ɪə ə
permanently [ p m n ntli] ad.永久地;长久地 mildly [ ma ldli] ad.轻微地;稍微地
ˈ ɜː ə ə ˈ ɪ
therefore·somewhat·nevertheless·conversely·temporarily·severely
27inherently2 [ nh r ntli] strikingly2 [ stra k ŋli]
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ɪə ə ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
ad.固有地;内在地2 ad.显著地;引人注目地2
- Strangers are inherently unfamiliar to us. - offer strikingly different paths
我们本来就对陌生人不熟悉。 提供截然不同的路径
an inherently unworkable system yield strikingly different circumstances
根本行不通的体制 带来截然不同的情形
accept an inherently dangerous job produce strikingly similar results
接受一份本身很危险的工作 产生非常相似的结果
二、单词性多词义( 词)
41
(一)名词( 词)
12
. 高中词( 词)
1 7
优先;重点2
②
identity11 [a dent ti] - give top priority to professional training
★★★ ɪˈ ə
最优先考虑职业培训
n. 身份;本身10
① take priority over...优先于……
- online identity systems在线身份系统
F precedence [ pres d ns] n.优先;优先权
trust the identities of each other ˈ ɪ ə
# prioritise/⁃ize [pra r ta z] v.优先考虑 2
信任彼此的身份 ɪˈɒ ə ɪ
link phone numbers to Facebook identities
expectation8 [ ekspekte n]
把电话号码与脸书的身份(信息)相关联
★★☆ ˌ ˈ ɪʃ
a false identity假身份
n. 期望;指望7
an identity crisis一次身份危机 ①
- increasingly high expectations
特征;特有的感觉1
越来越高的期望
②
- fuse girls identity to appearance
have moderate expectations for ones education
将女孩的特质融于外表
对某人的教育期望不高
a sense of national identity
fail to meet expectations未达到期望
民族特性的认同感
parents unrealistic expectations of their children
reflect sbs cultural identity
父母对孩子不切实际的指望
反映某人的文化特性
预料;预期1
②
F character [ kær kt (r)] n.特点;特征 2 - be available ahead of expectations
ˈ ə ə
比预期提前投入使用
priority9 [pra r ti] above/below expectations高于/低于预期
★★☆ ɪˈɒ ə
F anticipation [ænt s pe n] n.预料;预期 1
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ
n. 优先事项;最重要的事7
①
- a question of priorities有关优先事项的问题
trial5 [ tra l]
make writing a priority让写作成为优先事项 ★☆☆ ˈ ɪə
become a priority of the government n. 试验;试用2
①
成为政府的优先事项 - For one trial, each participant was shown a
consider office safety to be a priority pile of pens.在一项试验中,(研究人员)向每
将办公室安全(问题)视为优先事项 位参与者展示了一堆笔。
inherently·strikingly·identity·priority·expectation·trial
28 a new drug undergoing clinical trials
正在进行临床试验的新药 expense4 [ kspens]
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ
F experiment [ ksper m nt] n.实验 14
ɪ ˈ ɪ ə n. at the of 以……为代价3
审判;审理2 ①< ~ >
② - at the expense of time以(牺牲)时间为代价
- be immune from trial by ones peers
at the expense of the rest of the company
免受与自己地位相同者的审判
以(牺牲)公司其他(员工的利益)为代价
get/receive a fair trial
the pursuit of profit at the expense of the
得到/受到公正的审判
environment以环境为代价的利润追求
go on trial for cyber fraud
F cost [k st] n.代价;损失 4
因网络诈骗而受到审判 ɒ
pl. 开支;费用1
time 计时赛1 ②< >
③< ~> - reduce overall expenses减少总开支
- a time trial一场计时赛
calculate sbs travel expenses
want to participate in a time trial
计算某人的差旅费
想要参加计时赛
use the money for legal expenses
F competition [ k mp t n] n.比赛;竞赛 14
ˌ ɒ əˈɪʃ 用这笔钱(支付)律师费
dozen4 [ d zn]
★☆☆ ˈ ʌ wisdom3 [ w zd m]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ə
n. 十几个;十多个3
① n. 观点;看法2
- a dozen friends十来个朋友 ①
- conventional wisdom普遍看法
at least a dozen industry groups
become accepted wisdom成为公认的观点
至少十几个行业组织
folk wisdom民间的看法
sit only a dozen feet away
health education wisdom健康教育理念
坐在只有十几英尺远的地方
智慧;才智1
employ several dozen researchers ②
That energy had been reinterpreted as wisdom.
雇用几十位研究员
这种能量被重新诠释为智慧。 ( The
(一)打;十二个1 2023
② New York Times)
- $ a dozen(售价为) 美元一打
8 8 the wisdom of the masses人民群众的智慧
pack in dozens成打地包装
a man of great wisdom一个有大智慧的男人
a dozen bottles of wine十二瓶酒
. 四级词( 词)
2 1
recognize the necessity for a written agreement
necessity6 [n ses ti] 认识到(签订)一份书面协议的必要性
★★☆ əˈ ə
必需品;必需的事物2
n. 需要;必要(性)4 ②
① - the necessities of food and shelter
- do sth only out of necessity
食物和住所(等)必需品
唯有必要才做某事
show the urgent need of daily necessities
the necessity to lower the costs of fake grass
体现出(人们)对日用品的迫切需求
降低人造草坪成本的必要性
the basic necessities of life基本的生活必需品
the necessity of human involvement in the
regard reading as one of lifes necessities
workplace工作场所中有人类参与的必要性
把阅读视作生活中必做的事情之一
the necessity for law and order
F need [ni d] n. pl. 需要的事物 8
法律和秩序的必要性 ː < >
dozen·expense·wisdom·necessity
29. 六级词( 词)
3 1
an intense sentiment of horror强烈的恐惧感
sentiment3 ★☆☆ [ ˈ sent ɪ m ə nt] F feeling [ ˈ fi ː l ɪ ŋ] n.情感;感情 2
情绪;(基于情感的)意见1
n. 感觉;情感2 ②
① - anti⁃immigrant sentiment反移民情绪
- local culture and sentiment
public sentiment公众的意见
当地的文化和情感
the spread of nationalist sentiments
be more likely to be influenced by sentiment
民族主义情绪的传播
更容易受到情感的影响
F view [vju ] n.观点;意见 14
a man of sentiment感情丰富的人 ː
. 考研词( 词)
4 1
pay compensation for injuries at work
compensation3 [ k mpense n] 支付工伤赔偿金
★☆☆ ˌ ɒ ˈ ɪʃ
薪酬;工资1
n. 赔偿金;补偿金2 ②
① - Goldmans compensation committee
- agree to pay a sum for compensation
高盛公司的薪酬委员会
同意支付一笔赔偿金
annual compensation年薪
claim/receive compensation
F pay [pe ] n.工资;薪水 16
要求/得到赔偿金 ɪ
. 派生词( 词)
5 2
supporter4 [s p t (r)] treatment2 [ tri tm nt]
★☆☆ əˈ ɔːə ★☆☆ ˈ ː ə
n. 支持者;拥护者3 n. 治疗;疗法1
① ①
- supporters of fake grass人造草坪的支持者 - medical treatment医疗
a loyal supporter忠实的支持者 free dental treatment免费的牙科治疗
F advocate [ ædv k t] n.拥护者;提倡者 F therapy [ er pi] n.治疗;疗法 1
ˈ ə ə ˈ ə
opponent [ p n nt] n.反对者;阻止者 (净化或防治等)处理1
əˈ əʊ ə ②
支撑物;支持物1 - require other treatments需要其他(养护)处理
②
- the one indispensable supporter a waste treatment plant垃圾处理厂
唯一不可或缺的支撑物 the treatment of polluted rivers
a wrist supporter护腕带 对污染河流的治理
(二)动词( 词)
16
. 高中词( 词)
1 9
restore the forests capacity to pull carbon from
restore7 [r st (r)] the air恢复森林从空气中吸收碳的能力
★★☆ ɪˈ ɔː
restore public confidence恢复公众的信心
v. 使恢复;使复原6
① initiatives to restore peace in the region
- restore prairie chicken habitat
恢复该地区和平的倡议
恢复草原松鸡的栖息地
sentiment·compensation·supporter·treatment·restore
30F recover [r k v (r)] v.恢复;复原
ɪˈ ʌ ə
②
恢复,重新采用(法律、税收、权利等)1 observe5
★☆☆
[
ə
b
ˈ
z
ɜː
v]
- order fines restored责令恢复(征收)罚金
v. 观察到;注意到4
restore the right to vote恢复投票权 ①
- observe any significant weight changes
注意到任何明显的体重变化
release6 [r li s] observe a look of anxiety on sbs face
★★☆ ɪˈ ː
注意到某人脸上焦急的神情
v. 发放2
① # observation [ bz ve n] n.观察;观测 5
- release Tamiflu for sb ˌɒ əˈ ɪʃ
observer [ bz v (r)] n.观察者;目击者 4
给某人发放达菲(抗流感药物) ə ˈ ɜː ə
说话;评论1
release the newly⁃developed vaccines ②
“Hes forced himself to get good at politics,”
发放最新研发的疫苗
observes a friend.“他逼自己要学好政治,”
F distribute [d str bju t] v.发放;分发 1
ɪˈ ɪ ː (他的)一位朋友说道。 ( BBC)
发布;发行2 2023
② observe nothing on the subject
- release a lifted GDP growth forecast
对这个问题没有发表任何看法
发布上调的国内生产总值增长预测
F remark [r mɑ k] v.说起;谈论 1
release a detailed research report ɪˈ ː
发布一项详细的研究报告
recognise/⁃ize5 [ rek ɡna z]
F publish [ p bl ] v.发布;发表 4 ★☆☆ ˈ ə ɪ
ˈ ʌ ɪʃ
③
释放;放出2
v. 认可;接受2
①
- release sb by doing sth
- be recognized for ones abilities
通过做某事释放某人
因自己的能力而受到认可
release a prisoner释放囚犯
refuse to recognize the new leader
release the lion from the cage
拒绝接受这个新领导
将狮子从笼子里放出
be recognized by the Department of Education
F free [fri ] v.释放;使解脱 3 得到教育部的认可
ː
意识到2
②
interpret5 [ nt pr t] - fail to recognize that未能意识到那一点
★☆☆ ɪ ˈɜː ɪ
recognize the seriousness of the problem
v. 解释;说明4 意识到问题的严重性
①
- competition law as presently interpreted 认出;辨别出1
③
当前所阐释的竞争法
- recognise the person in the picture
interpret the significance of legalization 认出照片上的人
说明法制化的意义 recognise a face认出一张面孔
need someone to interpret these results
需要有人来解释这些结果
preserve4 [pr z v]
F explain [ ksple n] v.解释;说明 15 ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɜː
ɪ ˈ ɪ
领会;把……理解为1 v. 保护;使继续存活3
② ①
- be narrowly interpreted被狭隘地理解 - help preserve nature
interpret the new law as progress of human 有助于保护大自然
rights将该新法律理解为人权的进步 preserve the diversity of species
F understand [ nd stænd] v.理解;领会 14 保护物种的多样性
ˌʌ əˈ
# interpretation [ nt pr te n] n.理解;解读 1 a substance that helps preserve wood
ɪ ˌɜː ɪˈ ɪʃ
misinterpret [ m s nt pr t] v.误解;误释 1 一种有助于保护木材的物质
ˌ ɪ ɪ ˈɜː ɪ
release·interpret·observe·recognise/⁃ize·preserve
31preserve endangered species from extinction
保护濒危物种不致灭绝 roll2 [r l]
★☆☆ əʊ
F protect [pr tekt] v.保护;防护 10
əˈ v. out 开展;正式推出1
保留;保存1 ①<~ >
② - roll out ambitious restrictions
This would ensure fair competition, whilst
正式推出严苛的管控措施
preserving the choice offered by new services.
roll out a political movement开展政治运动
这能够保证公平竞争,与此同时保留新服务
F launch [l nt ] v.推出;发行 3
所提供的选择。 ( BBC) ɔː ʃ
2023 ed into one 融为一体;集于一身1
preserve the past records保留历史记录 ②<~ >
- all rolled into one全部集于一体
F reserve [r z v] v.保留;留存 1
ɪˈ ɜː its a kitchen and dining room rolled into one
它集厨房和餐厅于一体
plug2 [pl ɡ] F integrate [ nt ɡre t] v.(使)合并,成为一体
★☆☆ ʌ
ˈɪ ɪ ɪ
v. 补足;补充1
①
- plug the chronic funding gap starve2 [stɑ v]
★☆☆ ː
填补长期存在的资金缺口
v. 挨饿;饿死1
plug the gap at the lower end of the market ①
Everyone is starving here.这里的每个人都在
填补较低端市场的缺口
挨饿。 ( BBC)
F fill [f l] v.堵塞;填补 6 2023
ɪ leave sb to starve让某人挨饿
into 参与;沉浸于1
②<~ > provide food for starving children
- be plugged into ones phone
为饥饿的孩子提供食物
沉浸于自己的手机
be d of/for 缺乏……的;急需……的1
plug into overseas markets进入海外市场 ②< ~ >
- have been chronically starved of funding
be plugged into the popular music scene
长期缺乏资金
踏入流行音乐界
be starved for top talents急需高端人才
F involve [ nv lv] v.参加;加入 11
ɪ ˈ ɒ
. 四级词( 词)
2 4
reverse6 [r v s] contradict2 [ k ntr d kt]
★★☆ ɪˈ ɜː ★☆☆ ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪ
v. 彻底转变;使完全相反5 v. 相反;相矛盾1
① ①
- reverse a recent trend扭转最近的趋势 - contradict conventional wisdom
reverse the negative influences 与普遍看法相矛盾
扭转负面影响 statements contradicting each other
fail to reverse the economic decline 相互矛盾的说法
未能扭转经济衰退 F differ [ d f (r)] v.相异;有区别
ˈ ɪ ə
F transform [trænsf m] v.彻底改变 3 agree [ ɡri ] v.(与……)相符,一致
ˈ ɔː əˈ ː
oneself 承认错误;放弃(立场)1 # contradictory [ k ntr d kt ri]
②<~ > ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪ ə
She knew that judges rarely reverse themselves. a.不一致的;相互矛盾的 3
她知道法官们很少会承认自己错了。 ( 反驳;驳斥1
2023 ②
The Guardian) He contradicted my theory.
reverse oneself on a dozen issues 他反驳了我的理论。 ( BBC)
2022
放弃自己在一系列问题上的立场 open ones mouth to contradict张口反驳
plug·roll·starve·reverse·contradict
32cant bear to be contradicted受不了被(他人)反驳 equip students for a career in nursing
F refute [r fju t] v.反驳;驳斥 使学生能够胜任护理工作
ɪˈ ː
F qualify [ kw l fa ] v.使合格;使具备资格
ˈ ɒɪ ɪ
equip2 [ kw p]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ
rip2 [r p]
v. 配备;装备1 ★☆☆ ɪ
①
- the best equipped enemies装备最为精良的敌人 v. 撕破;裂开1
①
be fully/poorly equipped装备齐全/简陋 - rip off the band⁃aid撕掉这个绷带
equip the school with new computers rip the letter open把信撕开
为学校配备新的计算机 be ripped in two被撕成两半
F furnish [ f n ] v.供应;提供 1 F tear [te (r)] v.撕裂;撕碎
ˈ ɜː ɪʃ ə
# equipment [ kw pm nt] n.设备;器材 2 sb off 剥削;敲诈1
ɪˈ ɪ ə ②<~ >
使能胜任;使有所准备1 - rip people off对人们进行剥削
②
- be not equipped to do the jobs be ripped off by local cab drivers
不足以胜任这些岗位 被当地的出租车司机敲诈
. 六级词( 词)
3 3
become more and more obsessed with the project
navigate2 [ næv ɡe t] 对这一项目越来越着迷
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
F fascinate [ fæs ne t] v.迷住;深深吸引 1
v. 浏览1 ˈ ɪ ɪ
① 过度惦念;过分担心1
- navigate the systems浏览系统 ②
- obsess over the scale纠结于体重秤(上的数字)
navigate a web page浏览网页
obsess over money过分担心金钱问题
F browse [bra z] v.浏览
ʊ
有效应对(困难或复杂的情况)1
- na
②
vigate the middle⁃class culture of higher
tease2 [ti z]
★☆☆ ː
education应对高等教育中的中产阶级文化
v. 取笑;戏弄1
navigate complex situation in the research ①
- tease about body build取笑(某人的)身材
应对研究中的复杂情况
tease sb mercilessly无情地取笑某人
F joke [d k] v.说笑话;开玩笑 3
ʒəʊ
obsess2
★☆☆
[
ə
b
ˈ
ses]
②<~
out
>
深入研究;梳理清楚1
- tease out what is the human connection with
v. 使痴迷;使着迷1
① fire梳理出人类与火灾之间的关联
- be so obsessed with the colour
help sb tease out the meaning of the poem
如此痴迷这种颜色
帮助某人梳理清楚这首诗的含义
be obsessed by computers迷上电脑
(三)形容词( 词)
12
. 高中词( 词)
1 7
be seldom critical of ones students
critical9 [ kr t kl] 很少批评自己的学生
★★☆ ˈ ɪɪ
a critical comment/report批判性的评论/报道
a. 批评的;批判性的6
① uncritical [ nkr t kl] a.不加批评的
- critical assessment批判性的评估 ˌʌ ˈ ɪɪ
equip·rip·navigate·obsess·tease·critical
33关键的;至关重要的3 in a very practical way
②
- relate to critical factors与关键因素有关 以一种非常切实可行的方式
a critical moment关键时刻 a practical suggestion切实可行的建议
be of critical importance极为重要 F workable [ w k bl] a.可行的;行得通的
ˈ ɜː ə
F crucial [ kru l] a.关键性的;至关重要的 3 unworkable [ nw k bl] a.不可行的;行不通的
ˈ ːʃ ʌ ˈ ɜː ə
# critically [ kr t kli] ad.很大程度上; # impractical [ mprækt kl] a.不切实际的 2
ˈ ɪɪ ɪ ˈ ɪ
极为重要地 1 实践的;实际的2
②
- the practical ability实践能力
sensitive8 [ sens t v] gain practical experience获得实践经验
★★☆ ˈ əɪ
practical applications of the research
a. 敏感的;灵敏的7 研究的实际用途
①
- be sensitive to social cues对社交信号敏感 适合的;实用的1
③
be particularly sensitive to social rewards
- All babies wore white as a practical matter.
对社交奖励格外敏感
出于实用角度考虑,所有婴儿都穿白色衣服。
be sensitive to the environment对环境敏感 a practical little car实用小汽车
# insensitive [ nsens t v] a.不敏感的 1 be practical for running适合跑步
ɪ ˈ əɪ
sensitivity [ ˌ sens əˈ t ɪ v ə ti] n.灵敏度;敏感性 3 F useful [ ju sfl] a.有用的;实用的 2
ˈ ː
②
体贴的;善解人意的1
# practicality [ prækt kæl ti] n.实用性 1
ˌ ɪˈ ə
- be sensitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal
(人)注重实际的1
expressions理解孩子的语言或非语言表达 ④
- The catchwords for Generation Z are practical
be sensitive to childrens feelings
and cautious.
体谅孩子的感情
描述Z世代的关键词是“讲求实际”和“谨慎小心”。
F considerate [k ns d r t] a.体谅的;体贴的
ə ˈ ɪ ə ə a very practical person很注重实际的人
unsympathetic [ ns mp et k]
ˌʌ ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪ F realistic [ ri l st k] a.注重实际的 3
a.冷漠的;无同情心的 ˌ ːəˈɪ ɪ
unrealistic [ nr l st k] a.不现实的 1
ˌʌ ɪəˈɪ ɪ
annual7 [ ænju l]
★★☆ ˈ ə prior4 [ pra (r)]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪə
a. 全年的;年度的4
①
- the annual budget年度预算
a.
①<~
to
>
在……前面的2
- prior to 在 年之前
the number of annual visitors全年游客人数
1968 1968
prior to forming a growth team
an annual income年收入
在组建增长团队之前
F year⁃round [ j ra nd] a.全年的;整整一年的
ˌɪə ˈ ʊ
two days prior to the summit峰会前的两天
每年的;一年一次的3
②
- the annual show一年一次的展会 during the week prior to the meeting
在开会前的一周内
be different from the annual flu vaccine
不同于每年(发放)的流感疫苗 先前的;在前的2
②
an annual reunion一年一度的团聚 - overturn the prior decision推翻先前的判决
F yearly [ j li] a.每年的;一年一次的 the prior approval of the council
ˈɪə
委员会的事先批准
have a prior engagement this evening
practical7 [ prækt kl]
★★☆ ˈ ɪ 今晚已有约会在先
a. 有效的;切实可行的3 F previous [ pri vi s] a.先前的;以往的 7
① ˈ ː ə
- a more practical goal一个更可行的目标 subsequent [ s bs kw nt] a.随后的;之后的 2
ˈ ʌ ɪ ə
sensitive·annual·practical·prior
34ambitious3 [æmb s] innocent2 [ n snt]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪʃə ★☆☆ ˈɪ ə
a. 有野心的;有雄心的2 a. 纯真的;天真无邪的1
① ①
- an ambitious attempt一项雄心壮举 The hits took the audience back to an innocent era.
be ambitious to succeed in life 这些热门歌曲使观众回想起了一个纯真的时
有雄心壮志要在一生中有所成就 代。 ( BBC)
2023
a fiercely ambitious young manager an innocent child天真无邪的孩子
一位雄心勃勃的年轻经理 F naive [na i v] a.天真的;率直的 1
ɪˈː
F aspiring [ spa r ŋ] a.有志向的;有抱负的 sophisticated [s f st ke t d] a.老练的 1
əˈ ɪə ɪ əˈ ɪ ɪ ɪɪ
unambitious [ næmb s] a.无抱负的 # innocence [ n sns] n.天真;纯真 2
ˌʌ ˈ ɪʃə ˈɪ ə
艰巨的;要求过高的1 无恶意的;无冒犯之意的1
② ②
- ambitious restrictions要求过高的限制规定 - innocent social advances无恶意的主动社交行为
an ambitious reform program艰巨的改革计划 innocent fun无恶意的玩笑
F demanding [d mɑ nd ŋ] a.费力的;要求高的 an innocent question一个没有恶意的问题
ɪˈ ː ɪ
simple [ s mpl] a.简单的;容易的 9 F harmless [ hɑ ml s] a.无恶意的
ˈ ɪ ˈ ː ə
. 四级词( 词)
2 4
a moderate estimate from the medical expert
conservative3 [k ns v t v] 医学专家的合理估计
★☆☆ ə ˈ ɜː əɪ
F reasonable [ ri zn bl] a.合理的;可以接受的 1
a. 保守的;守旧的2 ˈ ː ə
①
- conservative business strategies保守的商业战略
a very conservative attitude to education fierce2 [f s]
★☆☆ ɪə
对待教育非常守旧的态度
F traditional [tr d nl] a.传统的;守旧的 5
a.
①
凶猛的;凶狠的1
əˈ ɪʃə - the fiercest enemies最凶猛的敌人
liberal [ l b r l] a.开明的;自由的 1
ˈɪ ə ə a fierce look凶狠的神色
保守派的1
② fierce guard dogs凶猛的看门狗
- a new conservative city council
F murderous [ m d r s] a.凶残的;凶恶的
由保守派掌控的新一届市议会
ˈ ɜː ə ə
conservative politicians/policies ②
强烈的;激烈的1
- meet with fierce opposition
保守派从政者/政策
遭到强烈反对
a fierce debate激烈的辩论
moderate3 [ m d r t]
★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ə ə fierce competition between the companies
公司之间的激烈竞争
a. 适度的;中等的2
①
- moderate expectations适度的期望 F intense [ ntens] a.激烈的 1
ɪ ˈ
be “moderate” in severity严重程度为“中等”
students of moderate ability能力中等的学生 profound2 [pr fa nd]
★☆☆ əˈ ʊ
recommend moderate exercise建议适度运动
F average [ æv r d ] a.平常的;一般的 11 a. 深邃的;理解深刻的1
ˈ ə ɪ ʒ ①
immoderate [ m d r t] a.极端的;过度的 - The insight is a profound one.
ɪˈ ɒ ə ə
# moderately [ m d r tli] ad.中等地;一般地 1 这是一种深刻的见解。
ˈ ɒ ə ə
适中的;合理的1 develop a profound understanding of science
②
- ask for a moderate salary要求一份合理的薪水 对科学形成深刻的理解
ambitious·innocent·conservative·moderate·fierce·profound
35巨大的;深切的1 profound changes in society 社会的巨大变革
②
- make up for profound insecurities profound disagreement on the cloning technique
弥补深切的不安全感 关于克隆技术的巨大分歧
profound effect深远的影响 # profoundly [pr fa ndli] ad.极大地;深刻地 1
əˈ ʊ
. 考研词( 词)
3 1
排斥的;矛盾的1
②
exclusive2 [ ksklu s v] - a different and not mutually exclusive prediction
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ː ɪ
一种(与其)不同但并不彼此矛盾的预测
a. 专属的;专用的1
① two mutually exclusive options
- be exclusive to the interpersonal realm
两种相互排斥的选择
专属于人际范畴
In a marriage,love and conflict are not mutually
an exclusive terminal/interface
exclusive.在婚姻中,爱和冲突并不是互相排斥的。
一个专用的终端/界面
F contradictory [ k ntr d kt ri] a.矛盾的 2
# exclusively [ ksklu s vli] ad.专门地;专有地 2 ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪ ə
ɪ ˈ ː ɪ
(四)副词( 词)
1
. 考研词( 词)
1 1
a fairly easy book一本相当浅易的书
fairly7 ★★☆ [ ˈ fe ə li] F quite [kwa ɪ t] ad.颇;相当地 6
公正地;公平合理地2
ad. 颇;相当地5 ②
① - climb the corporate ladder fairly
- wear off fairly quickly消失得相当快
公平地攀爬企业晋升阶梯
fairly well⁃known writers相当知名的作家
treat sb fairly公正地对待某人
be fairly good at judging people
carry out the election fairly公正地进行选举
相当擅长评判他人
unfairly [ nfe li] ad.不公正地 1
know sb fairly well相当了解某人 ˌʌ ˈ ə
三、多词性单词义( 词)
21
(一)名兼动( 词)
11
. 高中词( 词)
1 7
v.判断;评判7
judge13 [d d ] - judge from the context根据上下文判断
★★★ ʒʌ ʒ
judge complex aspects of personality
n.法官6
评判性格的复杂面
- a federal judge一位联邦法官
judge whether someone is dangerous
the Supreme Court judges最高法院的法官
判断某人是否具有危险性
be opposed by a judge遭到一位法官的反对
judge how great the risk is判断风险有多大
a British high⁃court judge
judge the strength of the opponent
一位英国高等法院法官
判断对手的实力
one of the strictest judges in the state
# judg(e)ment [ d d m nt] n.判断;评判 5
ˈ ʒʌ ʒ ə
州内最严厉的法官之一
exclusive·fairly·judge
36 conflict with the facts与事实相矛盾
crop10 [kr p] a great deal of conflicting advice
★★☆ ɒ
大量相互矛盾的建议
n.庄稼;作物9
F clash [klæ ] v.抵触;不相容
- crop pickers农作物采摘工 ʃ
high⁃value crops高价值的作物
grow crops on a commercial basis
trick6 [tr k]
★★☆ ɪ
以商业化的方式种植作物
n.技巧;诀窍4
crop yield作物产量
- a marketing trick一种营销技巧
an important crop on the island
the trick of doing a job well
岛上的一种重要作物
做好工作的诀窍
v. up (尤指意外地)出现,发生1
<~ > a trick for remembering names
- cases that crop up in...突然出现在……的病例
一个记名字的诀窍
problems that crop up every day每天出现的问题
F technique [tekni k] n.技巧;技艺 3
ˈ ː
v.欺骗;欺诈2
access9 [ ækses] - feel tricked or frustrated感到受骗或懊恼
★★☆ ˈ
protect consumers from being tricked
n.(使用或见到的)机会,权利6
保护消费者不被欺骗
- restrict access to genetic tests
trick sb into giving up the money
限制对基因检测的使用机会
欺骗某人放弃钱款
have access to post⁃high school education
F deceive [d si v] v.欺骗;蒙骗
有机会接受高中之后的教育 ɪˈ ː
gain access to the papers
获得查阅这些文件的权利 license/⁃ce5 [ la sns]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ
increase childrens access to education
n.执照;许可证2
增加儿童受教育的机会
- a drivers license驾驶执照
v.访问,存取(计算机文件)3
a license for the software软件许可证
- access a computer database访问计算机数据库
v.批准;许可3
be able to access bank accounts
- moral licensing道德许可
能够访问银行账户
license the firm to produce digital devices
access the companys network访问公司的网络
批准该公司生产数字设备
conflict6 [ k nfl kt]
★★☆ ˈ ɒ ɪ bet3 [bet]
★☆☆
n.冲突;争执3
n.打赌;赌注1
- social conflict社会冲突
- place big bets on...对……下大赌注
ease conflicts between races and classes
have a bet on the game对这场比赛下赌注
缓解种族和阶级间的冲突
v.下赌注(于);用……打赌2
a conflict between two cultures两种文化间的冲突
- What the U.S. egg industry bets will be its
come into conflict with the boss
next big thing.
与老板发生争执
美国蛋品行业所押注的将是下一个行业风口。
F strife [stra f] n.冲突;争斗
ɪ bet $ on the final score of the game
v.冲突;相矛盾3 [k nfl kt] 600
ə ˈ ɪ 下 美元赌比赛的最后比分
- conflict with these democratic ideals 600
F gamble [ ɡæmbl] v.赌博;打赌 2
与这些民主理想相冲突 ˈ
crop·access·conflict·trick·license/⁃ce·bet
37. 四级词( 词)
2 3
v.给……编码;给……编号1
transfer4 [ trænsf (r)] - Children were not colour⁃coded at all until the
★☆☆ ˈ ɜː
early th century.
n.转移;调动2 20
世纪初以前,儿童根本没有颜色编码。
- complete fiscal transfers 20
code the samples给样本编号
完全的财政转移(支付)
# coder [ k d (r)] n.编程人员 2
a swift transfer of power权力的迅速交接 ˈ əʊ ə
v.(使)转移,搬迁2 [trænsf (r)]
Most of the animals were transferre
ˈ
d
ɜː
to zoos.
substitute2 [ s bst tju t]
★☆☆ ˈ ʌ ɪ ː
大多数动物被转移到了动物园。 ( The
2023 n.代替者;替代品1
New York Times)
Bookable services were not a substitute for
be transferred to another hospital
existing ones.可预订服务并不是现有服务的
被转移到另一家医院
替代品。 ( BBC)
F shift [ ft] v.转移;挪动 5 2023
ʃɪ a substitute for human companionship
人类陪伴的替代品
code3 ★☆☆ [k əʊ d] F replacement [r ɪˈ ple ɪ sm ə nt] n.替代品;替换物 1
v.代替;取代1
n.代码;编码2
- High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.
- use code to solve problems
富有同情心可以替代内疚感不足。
使用代码解决问题
substitute honey for sugar
source code源(代)码
用蜂蜜代替食糖
lines of code一行行的编码
F replace [r ple s] v.代替;取代 14
# encode [ nk d] v.把……编码 2 ɪˈ ɪ
ɪ ˈ əʊ
. 六级词( 词)
3 1
break through the stereotypes打破刻板印象
stereotype4 ★☆☆ [ ˈ steri ə ta ɪ p] # stereotypical [ ˌ steri əˈ t ɪ p ɪ kl] a.刻板的;老套的 2
v.把……模式化;模式化地看待1
n.成见;刻板印象3
- kids who have a stereotyped mind
- negative stereotypes消极的成见
思维模式化的孩子们
stereotypes associated with obesity
stereotype a whole group of people
与肥胖有关的刻板印象
模式化地看待整个群体
cultural stereotypes与文化有关的刻板印象
(二)动兼名( 词)
3
. 高中词( 词)
1 3
reward sb handsomely对某人大加酬谢
reward13 [r w d] be rewarded for ones own efforts
★★★ ɪˈ ɔː
因(某人)自己的努力而获得回报
v.奖励;给以报酬5
n.奖励;回报8
- suppress innovation rather than reward it
- clear rewards明确的奖励
抑制创新而非奖励创新
transfer·code·substitute·stereotype·reward
38balance rewards and risks权衡回报与风险 reforms in education教育改革
a reward for good behaviour优秀行为奖 economic/electoral/constitutional reforms
reap the rewards of ones hard work 经济/选举/宪法改革
收获自己辛勤努力的回报
bond2 [b nd]
★☆☆ ɒ
reform7 [r f m]
★★☆ ɪˈ ɔː v.建立互信关系;增强信任关系1
v.改革;改进4 - may have bonded more with sb
- reform the jury system改革陪审团制度 可能已与某人建立了更深的互信关系
reform ones learning approach help infants bond with the caregivers
改进自己的学习方式 帮助婴儿与照顾者建立互信关系
reform the social security system n.纽带;联系1
改革社会保障制度 It will make their bond even stronger.
n.改革;变革3 它会使他们的关系更加紧密。 ( BBC)
2023
- a new era of democratic reforms enhance bonds among animals加强动物间的联系
一个民主变革的新时代 the emotional bond between mother and child
support the national parks recent reforms 母子间的感情纽带
支持国家公园的近期改革 F connection [k nek n] n.联系;关联 6
əˈ ʃ
(三)名兼形( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
a.正式的;官方的2
official6 [ f l] - official retrospections官方的反省
★★☆ əˈ ɪʃ
become an official festival成为一个官方节日
n.官员;高级职员4
an official announcement/statement
- local officials地方官员
官方公告/声明
federal health officials联邦卫生官员
according to official statistics/figures
a senior official in the State Department
根据官方统计/数字
国务院的一位高级官员
# officially [ f li] ad.正式地;官方地 2
F officer [ f s (r)] n.官员;高级职员 əˈ ɪʃə
ˈɒ ɪ ə
(四)形兼名( 词)
5
. 高中词( 词)
1 4
academic exchanges between China and Canada
academic13 [ æk dem k] 中国和加拿大之间的学术交流
★★★ ˌ əˈ ɪ
# academically [ æk dem kli] ad.学术上地;
a.学业的;学术的11 ˌ əˈ ɪ
学业上地
3
- academic grade学业成绩
n.学者;高等院校教师2
academic backgrounds学术背景
- academics, writers, and activists
future academic choices未来学业选择
学者、作家以及活动家
require further academic research
have appeal to academics
需要进一步的学术研究
对高校教师有吸引力
an academic career学术生涯
reform·bond·official·academic
39seek professional advice寻求专业意见
moral11
★★★
[
ˈ
m
ɒ
r
ə
l] n.专家;专业人士1
- health professionals健康专业人士
a.道德(上)的10
medical/legal/educational professionals
- moral implication道德意义
医疗/法律/教育专业人士
so⁃called moral guilt所谓的道德负罪感
F specialist [ spe l st] n.专家
social and moral norms社会及道德规范 ˈ ʃəɪ
amateur [ æm t (r)] n.业余爱好者
foster a childs moral development ˈ əə
促进孩子的道德发展
traditional moral values传统的道德观念 fellow3 [ fel ]
★☆☆ ˈ əʊ
a decline in moral standards道德水准的下降
a.同伴的;同情况的2
F ethical [ e kl] a.伦理的;有关道德的 2
ˈ ɪ - talk to fellow passengers与同车的乘客聊天
n.寓意;教益1
fellow citizens同胞
- the moral of the story故事的寓意
remember ones fellow students
the films moral这部电影的教益
回想起自己的同学
n.伙伴;同伴1
professional7 [pr fe nl] - send out warning messages to fellows
★★☆ əˈ ʃə
向同伴们发出警告信息
a.专业的;职业的6
amusing fellows有趣的同伴
- professional development职业发展
accompany ones fellows陪同自己的伙伴
rely on professional training依靠专业的培训
F partner [ pɑ tn (r)] n.搭档;同伴 4
professional qualifications专业资格 ˈ ː ə
. 六级词( 词)
2 1
the current consumer trend for premium products
premium6 [ pri mi m] 当前消费者喜欢购买优质产品的趋向
★★☆ ˈ ː ə
n. put/place/set a on 重视;珍视1
a.高级的;优质的5 < ~ >
- put a premium on being busy重视忙碌状态
- premium attributes高端属性
place a premium on educated workers
the premium version高级版本
重视受过良好教育的工人
premium ice cream优质冰激凌
(五)动兼形( 词)
1
. 四级词( 词)
1 1
F incline [ nkla n] v.(使)倾向于 3
ɪ ˈ ɪ
lean4 [li n] repel [r pel] v.排斥;相斥
★☆☆ ː ɪˈ
a.萧条的;不景气的1
v.倾向;偏向3
- lean times萧条时期
- lean towards R&D more than the average
a lean period/spell不景气的时期
比一般人更倾向于研发
the lean years of the s萧条的 世纪 年代
lean toward the latter view 1930 20 30
prosperous [ pr sp r s] a.繁荣的;兴旺的
倾向于(同意)后一种观点 ˈ ɒ ə ə
moral·professional·fellow·premium·lean
40四、多词性多词义( 词)
4
(一)名兼动( 词)
3
. 高中词( 词)
1 3
F description [d skr p n] n.描述;叙述 1
ɪˈ ɪ ʃ
fund23
★★★
[f
ʌ
nd]
③<
on
~
of
>
由于;因为1
- on account of race由于种族(差异)
n. 基金;专款9
① retire early on account of ill health
- pay into a fund向一项基金(账户)付款
因为身体不好提前退休
EU funds for poor regions
hold sb to 追究某人的责任1
面向贫困地区的欧盟基金 ④< ~>
- hold governments and industries to account
a sport fund体育基金
追究政府和产业的责任
set up a fund to maintain the buildings
hold managers to account追究管理者的责任
设立一项基金来维修这些建筑物
v. for (数量上、比例上)占3
pl. 资金;钱款8 ①<~ >
②< > - account for a significant portion of the grade
- public funds公共资金
在成绩中占据相当大一部分比例
raise more funds for fire⁃prone areas
account for more than half of new power sources
为火灾易发区募集更多资金
占新能源的一半以上
lack of funds资金匮乏
account for % of the companys revenue
government funds政府资金 35
占该公司收入的 %
v.拨款给;为……提供资金6
for 解释
3
;
5
说明2
②<~ >
- fund cleaner energy sources
- account for any significant weight changes
为更清洁的能源提供资金
对任何明显的体重变化作出解释
fund new affordable housing
account for ones actions
为新的经济适用房提供资金
为自己的行动作出解释
refuse to fund the project
F explain [ ksple n] v.解释;说明 15
ɪ ˈ ɪ
拒绝为这个项目拨款
for 将……纳入考虑范围1
③<~ >
a government⁃funded programme
- account for these things
政府资助的项目
将这些事纳入考虑范围
F finance [ fa næns] v.提供资金 6 fail to account for the fact未能考虑这个事实
ˈ ɪ
account14 [ ka nt] reserve4 [r z v]
★★★ əˈ ʊ ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɜː
n. 账户5 n. 储备(量);贮藏(量)2
① ①
- bank account银行账户 - massive financial reserves庞大的资金储备
steal from someone elses accounts build up cash reserves建立现金储备
从他人的账户窃取(资金) oil and gas reserves石油和天然气贮藏量
a joint account联名账户 (动植物)保护区1
②
open new accounts at a bank在银行开新账户 - nature reserves自然保护区
描述;叙述1 a wildlife reserve野生动植物保护区
②
- a vivid account of sth对某事物的生动描述 v.保留;预留1
give a brief account of what has happened - reserve sth for professional matters
就发生的情况进行简短叙述 为了职业事务保留某物
fund·account·reserve
41 reserve seats for the old and sick reserve Mondays for answering letters
为老人和病人预留座位 留出周一来答复信件
(二)形兼名( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
offer individual plates to each diner
individual15 [ nd v d u l] 为每位用餐者提供单独的盘子
★★★ ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪ ʒ ə
interview each individual member of the
a. 个人的5
① community采访社区中的每个成员
- individual actions个体行动
独特的;与众不同的1
individual efforts个人的努力 ③
- an individual style独特的风格
leave no room for “individual initiative”
an individual pattern与众不同的图案
没有发挥“个人主动性”的余地
children with individual needs
individual possessions个人财产
有独特需求的孩子
F personal [ p s nl] a.个人的;私人的 15
ˈ ɜː ə F unique [juni k] a.独特的;与众不同的 5
collective [k lekt v] a.集体的;共有的 3 ˈ ː
əˈ ɪ common [ k m n] a.常见的;普遍的 19
# individualism [ nd vd u l z m] n.个人主义 1 ˈ ɒ ə
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪ ʒ əɪ ə n.个人5
单个的;单独的4
② - be directed at individuals针对个人
- individual genes单个基因
the rights of the individual个人的权利
individual roads单独的公路
第二节 完形 阅读 ( 词)
+ B 27
一、单词性单词义( 词)
24
(一)名词( 词)
13
. 高中词( 词)
1 5
Its not shelter, its a lifestyle.
addition4 [ d n] 它(房子)不是栖身之所,而是一种生活方式。
★☆☆ əˈ ɪʃ
provide shelter for homeless people
n. in (to...) 此外;除……以外(还)4
< ~ > 为无家可归者提供住处
- in addition to the writing除写作之外
be in desperate need of food and shelter
in addition to those trusted coworkers
急需食物和住处
除了那些值得信赖的同事以外
F accommodation [ k m de n] n.住处;住所
in addition to attending meetings əˌ ɒ əˈ ɪʃ
除了参加会议外
F besides [b sa dz] prep.除……之外(还)2 guideline2 [ ɡa dla n]
ɪˈ ɪ ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
n.指导方针;指导原则2
shelter4 [ elt (r)]
★☆☆ ˈʃ ə - new operational guidelines新的业务原则
n.居所;住处4 call for stricter guidelines
- the basic drives for shelter对住所的基本需求 要求(提出)更加严格的指导方针
the necessities of food and shelter draw up guidelines on the treatment of the
食物和住所(等)必需品 mentally ill制订用于治疗精神病人的指导方针
individual·addition·shelter·guideline
42muscle2 [ m sl] property2 [ pr p ti]
★☆☆ ˈ ʌ ★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ə
n.肌;肌肉2 n.不动产;房地产2
- muscle mass肌肉重量 - a property developer房地产开发商
prime the muscles让肌肉准备好 the National Association of Property Buyers
pull/tear/strain a muscle 全国购房者协会
拉伤/撕裂/扭伤肌肉 the property market房地产市场
relax the muscles of the back policies to control property prices
放松背部的肌肉 调控房地产价格的政策
. 四级词( 词)
2 4
glory3 [ ɡl ri] federation2 [ fed re n]
★☆☆ ˈ ɔː ★☆☆ ˌ əˈ ɪʃ
n.荣誉;光荣3 n.联盟;联合会2
- the public glory of the leading artists - the Federation of Master Builders建筑大师联合会
杰出艺术家的社会荣耀 a federation of private online identity systems
the glory of the nation国家的荣耀 私人在线身份系统联盟
enjoy the moment of glory享受光荣时刻 the International Tennis Federation
国际网球联合会
the Federation of Housing Associations
enthusiasm2 [ n ju ziæz m]
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ː ə 住房协会联合会
n.热情;热心2 F alliance [ la ns] n.联盟;同盟
əˈ ɪə
- gather all of the enthusiasm and energy
积聚所有的热情和活力 symptom2 [ s mpt m]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ə
have enthusiasm for life有对生活的热情
n.症状2
be impressed by sbs enthusiasm
- mild/serious symptoms轻微的/严重的症状
被某人的热情打动
flu symptoms流感症状
F zeal [zi l] n.热情;激情 1
ː symptoms of depression抑郁症状
indifference [ nd fr ns] n.冷淡;不感兴趣 3
ɪ ˈ ɪ ə F syndrome [ s ndr m] n.综合征;症候群
# enthusiastic [ n juziæstk] a.热情的;热心的 1 ˈ ɪ əʊ
ɪ ˌ ː ˈ ɪ
. 考研词( 词)
3 2
conduct research out of curiosity
curiosity8 [ kj ri s ti] 出于好奇进行研究
★★☆ ˌ ʊə ˈɒ ə
n.好奇心;求知欲8
intensity4 [ ntens ti]
- negative effects of curiosity
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ə
好奇心(带来)的负面影响
n.强度;烈度4
seek to satisfy ones curiosity
- training intensity锻炼强度
设法满足自己的好奇心
increase time and intensity
demonstrate equal curiosity about other views
增加(运动的)时间和强度
对其他观点表现出同样的好奇心
research and development intensity研发力度
be filled with curiosity充满好奇心
muscle·property·glory·enthusiasm·federation·symptom·curiosity·intensity
43 measure sound intensity测量声音的强度 be tired of the increasing labor intensities
varying intensities of natural light 厌倦了与日俱增的劳动强度
自然光不断变化的强度 F strength [streŋ ] n.强度
. 派生词( 词)
4 2
anonymity3 [ æn n m ti] addiction2 [ d k n]
★☆☆ ˌ əˈ ɪ ə ★☆☆ əˈ ɪ ʃ
n.匿名;不知姓名3 n.瘾;入迷2
- The Internet affords anonymity to its users. - rates of addiction成瘾(问题)的比例
互联网向用户提供匿名(访问)。 Britains addiction to unhealthy food
request anonymity要求匿名 英国人对不健康食物的成瘾(问题)
give an interview on condition of anonymity break ones addiction to alcohol
在匿名条件下接受采访 戒除自己的酒瘾
(二)动词( 词)
2
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
expand ones vocabulary through reading
expand2 [ kspænd] 通过阅读扩大自己的词汇量
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ
F extend [ kstend] v.扩大;扩展 4
v.扩大;扩展2 ɪ ˈ
reduce [r dju s] v.减少;缩小 21
- expand ones horizons扩大自己的(社交)范围 ɪˈ ː
. 四级词( 词)
2 1
accuse the government of concealing the truth
conceal3 [k nsi l] 指责政府隐瞒真相
★☆☆ ə ˈ ː
F hide [ha d] v.掩盖;隐瞒 4
v.隐藏;隐瞒3 ɪ
expose [ ksp z] v.暴露;显露
- conceal details about...隐瞒关于……的细节 ɪ ˈ əʊ
(三)形容词( 词)
6
. 高中词( 词)
1 3
military5 [ m l tri] initial2 [ n l]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪə ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪʃ
a.军事的;军用的5 a.最初的;开始的2
- military aircraft军用飞机 - most of the initial doses
routine military flights例行军事飞行 初期(疫苗)药剂中的大部分
a military abbreviation一个军事缩略词 initial reaction/response最初的反应
American military adventurism theinitial stagesofthecampaign运动的最初阶段
美国军事冒险主义 F primary [ pra m ri] a.最初的;最早的 3
ˈ ɪ ə
take military action采取军事行动 ultimate [ lt m t] a.最后的;最终的
ˈʌ ɪ ə
the build⁃up of military activity军事活动的升级 # initially [ n li] ad.开始;最初 3
ɪˈ ɪʃə
anonymity·addiction·expand·conceal·military·initial
44 the harsh realities of life生活的严酷现实
harsh2 [hɑ ] meet with harsh criticism from parents
★☆☆ ːʃ
遭到父母的严厉批评
a.严酷的;严厉的2
F severe [s v (r)] a.严厉的;苛刻的
- say something that is too harsh ɪˈ ɪə
mild [ma ld] a.温和的;不严厉的 2
说一些过于严厉的话 ɪ
. 考研词( 词)
2 1
a universal truth普遍真理
universal2 [ ju n v sl] cause universal concern引起普遍关注
★☆☆ ˌ ː ɪˈ ɜː
F general [ d enr l] a.全体的;普遍的 7
a.普遍的;全世界的2 ˈ ʒ ə
particular [p t kj l (r)] a.特定的;特指的 4
- universal history世界历史 əˈɪ əə
. 派生词( 词)
3 2
tricky3 [ tr ki] manageable2 [ mæn d bl]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ʒə
a.难办的;棘手的3 a.可控制的;可处理的2
- Defining what it means to be a good parent is - We learn to control our emotions so they are
undoubtedly very tricky.确定“做个好父母” manageable.我们学会控制情绪,为的是使其
的内涵无疑很难。 可受控制。
a tricky problem棘手的问题 reduce...to a manageable size
F difficult [ d f k lt] a.困难的;费力的 13 将……缩减至可控的规模
ˈ ɪ ɪ ə
easy [ i zi] a.容易的;不费力的 23 F controllable [k ntr l bl] a.可控制的
ˈː ə ˈ əʊə
(四)副词( 词)
3
. 四级词( 词)
1 1
change ones lifestyle accordingly
accordingly2 [ k d ŋli] 相应地改变自己的生活方式
★☆☆ əˈ ɔː ɪ
watch out for sharp bends and adjust the speed
ad.照着;相应地2
accordingly当心急转弯并相应调整(车)速
- adapt ones style accordingly to type
F correspondingly [ k r sp nd li] ad.相应地
根据(对象)类型相应地调整自己的风格 ˌ ɒ əˈ ɒ ɪ
. 派生词( 词)
2 2
F constantly [ k nst ntli] ad.始终;一直 2
ˈ ɒ ə
consistently2 ★☆☆ [k ə n ˈ s ɪ st ə ntli] occasionally [ əˈ ke ɪʒ n ə li] ad.偶然;偶尔 6
ad.始终;一直2
solely2 [ s lli]
- consistently rate sb more highly ★☆☆ ˈ əʊ
始终对某人评价更高
ad.只;仅仅2
have been of a consistently high standard
- focus solely on the scale
一直是高水准的
只关注秤(上的数字)
harsh·universal·tricky·manageable·accordingly·consistently·solely
45base the purchasing decision solely on sbs read the magazine solely for pleasure
opinions仅凭某人的意见做出购买决定 仅仅为了消遣而阅读杂志
be solely a matter of money只是钱的问题 F only [ nli] ad.只;仅仅 41
ˈəʊ
二、单词性多词义( 词)
3
(一)名词( 词)
2
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
a smooth/comfortable flight
flight12 [fla t] 平稳/舒适的空中航行
★★★ ɪ
班机;航班飞机1
n. 飞行;飞翔8 ③
① - You can leave on a flight an hour late but still
- gain from formation flight从编队飞行中获益
arrive on time.你的航班可能延迟一小时起
flight safety飞行安全
飞,但仍能准时到达。
space flight太空飞行
relief flights救援班机
F aviation [ e vie n] n.飞行 1
ˌ ɪ ˈ ɪʃ catch the earlier flight赶上早一点的航班
航程;空中航行3
② F airplane [ e ple n] n.飞机
- a two⁃hour flight两小时的航程 ˈ ə ɪ
. 四级词( 词)
2 1
repeat the dose after hours
12
dose3 [d s] 个小时后再服一剂(药)
★☆☆ əʊ
12
一份;一次1
n. (药物的)剂量,一剂2 ②
① - get the right dose of activity进行适量的运动
- more than three million doses
high doses of radiation大量辐射
三百多万剂(疫苗)
have a bad dose of flu得一场严重的流感
take the same dose服用相同的剂量
(二)动词( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
理解;认识到1
②
appreciate4 [ pri ie t] - appreciate the economic realities
★☆☆ ˌəˈ ːʃ ɪ
认识到经济现实
v. 欣赏;赏识3
① appreciate the significance of doing sth
- appreciate the things sb has
理解做某事的意义
欣赏某人已有的东西
appreciate the complexity of the situation
appreciate the beautiful scenery欣赏美景
认识到形势的复杂性
be fully appreciated in that company
# appreciation [ pri ie n] n.理解;明白 1
在那家公司受到充分赏识 əˌ ːʃˈ ɪʃ
flight·dose·appreciate
46第三节 完形 阅读 ( 词)
+ C 3
一、单词性单词义( 词)
2
(一)名词( 词)
2
. 四级词( 词)
1 1
optimism about/for the future对未来的乐观
optimism3 [ pt m z m] a mood of cautious optimism
★☆☆ ˈɒ ɪ ɪ ə
谨慎乐观的心情
n.乐观;乐观精神3
pessimism [ pes m z m] n.悲观;悲观主义
- the optimism that comes with happiness ˈ ɪ ɪ ə
# optimist [ pt m st] n.乐天派;乐观的人 1
伴随幸福感而来的乐观精神 ˈɒ ɪ ɪ
optimistic [ pt m st k] a.乐观的;
define optimism as being endlessly happy ˌɒ ɪˈ ɪ ɪ
乐观主义的
7
把乐观定义为永远快乐
. 派生词( 词)
2 1
suffer rejections遭到拒绝
rejection2 [r d ek n] a rejection letter一封回绝信
★☆☆ ɪˈ ʒ ʃ
F refusal [r fju zl] n.拒绝;回绝
n.拒绝;退回2 ɪˈ ː
acceptance [ ksept ns] n.接受;接纳
- fear rejection害怕被拒绝 ə ˈ ə
二、单词性多词义( 词)
1
(一)名词( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
F campaign [kæmpe n] n.运动 5
ˈ ɪ
movement2
★☆☆
[
ˈ
mu
ː
vm
ə
nt]
②
(逐步的)转变1
- the movement to a cashless society
n. (具有共同思想或目标的)运动1
① 向无现金社会的转变
- the founders of a movement called Romanticism
a movement towards greater gender equality
浪漫主义运动的奠基者
使得性别更加平等的转变
the peace movement和平运动
optimism·rejection·movement
47第二单元 交叉共有词( 词)
161
第一节 完形 阅读 阅读 ( 词)
+ A+ B 131
一、单词性单词义( 词)
52
(一)虚词( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
despite trade competition and outsourcing
despite9 [d spa t] 尽管存在贸易竞争和(业务)外包
★★☆ ɪˈ ɪ
despite a shortage of steel
prep.即使;尽管9
尽管钢材(供应)不足
- despite common misconceptions
despite applying for hundreds of jobs
尽管存在常见的误解
尽管申请了数百个工作
despite the current housing crunch F notwithstanding [ n tw stænd ŋ]
ˌ ɒ ɪˈ ɪ
尽管目前面临住房危机 prep.虽然;尽管
(二)名词( 词)
26
. 高中词( 词)
1 17
the effects of alcohol on human behaviour
firm30 [f m] 酒精对人类行为的影响
★★★ ɜː
# behavio(u)ral [b he vj r l] a.行为(上)的 4
n.公司;事务所30 ɪˈ ɪ ə ə
- a law firm律师事务所
a research firm研究公司 opportunity23 [ p tju n ti]
★★★ ˌɒ əˈ ː ə
a financial⁃planning firm财务规划公司
decline incentives from the firm
n.机会;时机23
- business opportunities商业机会
拒绝公司的奖励
opportunities to get regular jobs
a firm of accountants会计师事务所
获得稳定工作的机会
a clerk with the firm事务所的办事员
lack opportunities to apply for research projects
F company [ k mp n ] n.公司;商行
ˈ ʌ ə ɪ
缺少申请研究项目的机会
lag behind the others due to decreased
behavio(u)r27 [b he vj (r)]
★★★ ɪˈ ɪ ə opportunities因机会减少而落后于他人
n.行为;举止27 take the opportunity to thank colleagues
- a range of behaviors一系列行为 借此机会感谢同事
change sbs behaviour改变某人的行为 F chance [t ɑ ns] n.机会;时机 7
ʃ ː
negative adolescent behavior
青少年的消极行为
million20 [ m lj n]
★★★ ˈ ɪ ə
researches into childrens behaviour
对儿童行为的研究 n.一百万20
criminal behaviour犯罪行为 - about million in total共计约 万
6 600
despite·firm·behavio(u)r·opportunity·million
48make about $ . million a year investment strategy投资策略
18 9
每年挣约 万美元 the governments economic strategy
1 890
invest hundreds of millions of dollars 政府的经济策略
投资数亿美元 F policy [ p l si] n.策略;方针 29
ˈ ɒə
with soldiers returning home by the millions # strategic [str ti d k] a.战略性的;战略上的 1
əˈ ː ʒɪ
伴随着数以百万计的士兵返回家乡
a population of half a million五十万人口
department11 [d pɑ tm nt]
sell more than a million copies ★★★ ɪˈ ː ə
售出一百多万册
n.部;司11
- the Labor Department劳工部
decade16 [ deke d]
the Department of Justice司法部
★★★ ˈ ɪ
members from different departments
n.十年;十年期16
不同部门的成员
- a few decades ago几十年前
a Department of Health spokesperson
over the past decade在过去十年中
一位卫生部发言人
four decades of evidence四十年的证据
the personnel department人事部
the decades immediately following World War II
二战后最初的几十年 the Department of Asian Affairs
a decade of drought十年大旱 (中国外交部的)亚洲司
the last decade of the nineteenth century F ministry [ m n stri] n.(政府的)部
ˈ ɪ ɪ
十九世纪的最后十年
response9 [r sp ns]
★★☆ ɪˈ ɒ
shortage14 [ t d ]
★★★ ˈʃɔːɪ ʒ
n.反应;响应9
n.不足;缺少14 - in response to...作为对……的反应
- staff/labor shortages人员/劳动力短缺 intuitive/hard⁃wired responses直觉/本能反应
a shortage of materials/energy
find significant difference in responses
材料/能源短缺
在(受试者的)反应中发现显著差异
food/housing shortages食物/住房短缺
a positive response积极的反应
a world shortage of fuel世界性的燃料短缺
meet with an enthusiastic response
F deficiency [d f nsi] n.缺乏;缺少 3 得到热烈的响应
ɪˈ ɪʃ
abundance [ əˈ b ʌ nd ə ns] n.大量;丰盛 2 F reaction [riæk n] n.反应;回应 7
ˈ ʃ
strategy12 [ stræt d i]
★★★ ˈ ə ʒ marriage7 [ mær d ]
★★☆ ˈ ɪ ʒ
n.战略;策略12
- go with a fire⁃and⁃hire strategy
n.婚姻;结婚7
采用“先裁后聘”的策略 - marriage break⁃up婚姻破裂
conservative business strategies the marriage bureau/expert婚介所/婚姻专家
保守的商业战略 have different expectations from marriage
launch the sustainability strategy 对婚姻抱有不同的期待
推出可持续性战略 the marriage ceremony婚礼
a dominant childrens marketing strategy a long and happy marriage
儿童市场的主导性营销策略 一段长久而幸福的婚姻
decade·shortage·strategy·department·response·marriage
49How feasible is this vision?
campaign5 [kæmpe n] 这一愿景的可行性如何?
★☆☆ ˈ ɪ
have visionsof fame and fortune对名利抱有幻想
n.运动(为达到某目的而组织的活动)5
the romantic visions of youth
- an election campaign竞选运动
青年人不切实际的幻想
public health campaigns公共卫生运动
a campaign against childhood obesity
对抗儿童肥胖的运动 option4 [ p n]
★☆☆ ˈɒ ʃ
conduct a campaign组织一场运动
n.选择;可选择的事物4
a campaign against discrimination反对歧视的运动
- be given the option to do sth
F drive [dra v] n.(有组织的)努力,运动 1
ɪ 被给予做某事的选择
# campaigner [kæmpe n (r)] n.运动参加者 3
ˈ ɪ ə consumer products or housing options
消费品或住房选择
disease5 [d zi z] Impulsive spending isnt an option.
★☆☆ ɪˈ ː
冲动消费不是一个可取的选择。
n.病;疾病5
a range of options for cutting costs
- heart disease心脏病
一系列可降低成本的选择(方案)
establish disease correlations建立疾病关联
choose the cheapest options for supplying energy
determine the causes of disease
选择最便宜的能源供给方案
明确疾病的诱因
F choice [t s] n.选择;选择权 16
suffer from a rare blood disease ʃɔɪ
# optionally [ p nli] ad.非强制地;可选择地 1
患有一种罕见的血液病 ˈɒ ʃə
develop medicines to treat genetic diseases
研制治疗遗传病的药物 outcome4 [ a tk m]
★☆☆ ˈ ʊ ʌ
F sickness [ s kn s] n.疾病;不健康
ˈ ɪ ə n.结果;后果4
- imagine the outcome设想结果
phenomenon5 [f n m n n] the desired outcome想要的结果
★☆☆ əˈ ɒ ɪ ə
the outcome of impulsive acts冲动行为的后果
n.现象5
the final outcome of the negotiations
- the Parkrun phenomenon“公园跑”现象
谈判的最终结果
a phenomenon known as...被称作……的现象
be confident of a successful outcome
This phenomenon will continue to restructure our
相信会有圆满的结果
economy.这一现象将会继续重构我们的经济。
F result [r z lt] n.后果;结果 26
a social phenomenon社会现象 ɪˈ ʌ
scientific explanationsof the natural phenomenon
对这一自然现象的科学解释 strength3 [streŋ ]
★☆☆
n.力气;力量3
vision5 [ v n] - strength train力量训练
★☆☆ ˈ ɪʒ
be associated with strength与力量相关
n.想象;幻想5
the strength of body体力
- create a new vision for public health
pull with all strength用尽全力拉
为公共卫生创造新的构想
F power [ pa (r)] n.力量;体力 22
visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes ˈ ʊə
# strengthen [ streŋ n] v.加强;增强 6
对炫车豪宅的憧憬 ˈ
campaign·disease·phenomenon·vision·option·outcome·strength
50. 四级词( 词)
2 2
poll6 [p l] feedback4 [ fi dbæk]
★★☆ əʊ ★☆☆ ˈ ː
n.民意测验;民意调查6 n.反馈的意见(或信息)4
- a latest poll一项最新的民意调查 - social feedback社交反馈
a varietyofnationalpolls各种全国性的民意调查 positive feedback积极的反馈意见
carry out a poll进行民意测验 listen to customer feedback听取客户的反馈
a poll on eating habits offer verbal feedback提供口头反馈
一项关于饮食习惯的民意调查 the feedback of information信息的反馈
. 考研词( 词)
3 5
a growing obesity crisis
executive11 [ ɡzekj t v] 日益严重的肥胖危机
★★★ ɪ ˈ əɪ
an endless battle against obesity
n.(公司或机构的)经理,管理人员11
与肥胖无休止的斗争
- unbiased executives公正的主管
F fatness [ fætn s] n.肥胖
chief executive总裁/首席执行官 ˈ ə
thinness [ nn s] n.瘦
a senior executive一位资深主管 ˈɪ ə
advertising/marketing/sales executives
广告/营销/销售主管 requirement10 [r kwa m nt]
★★☆ ɪˈ ɪə ə
F director [d rekt (r)] n.(公司的)经理,董事 14
əˈ ə n.要求;必要条件10
- the requirements of the jobs岗位要求
payment11 [ pe m nt] tightened requirements变得严格的要求
★★★ ˈ ɪ ə
adapt to the new requirements
n.付款;支付11
适应新的要求
- payments systems支付系统
abolish special educational requirements
electronic payments电子支付
废除特殊的教育要求
dominant form of payment主流的支付方式
entrance requirements入学要求
monthly mortgage payments每月的按揭还款
fulfil/satisfy the requirements满足必备的条件
payment in advance预先付款
F demand [d mɑ nd] n.要求;需要 11
a cheque in payment for rent支付房租的支票 ɪˈ ː
judg(e)ment5 [ d d m nt]
obesity10 [ bi s ti] ★☆☆ ˈ ʒʌ ʒ ə
★★☆ əʊˈ ː ə
n.判断;评判5
n.肥胖;肥胖症10
- make judgments作出评判
- childhood obesity儿童肥胖
the accuracy of the judgment判断的准确性
label obesity as a disgrace
in sbs judgement据某人判断
将肥胖视作一件丢脸的事
standards for the machines quality judgment
negative attitudes toward obesity
机器质量评判的标准
对肥胖所持的负面态度
poll·feedback·executive·payment·obesity·requirement·judg(e)ment
51. 派生词( 词)
4 1
protect consumers from being tricked
consumer24 [k nsju m (r)] 保护消费者不被欺骗
★★★ ə ˈ ː ə
boost consumer confidence增强消费者信心
n.顾客;消费者24
health⁃conscious consumers
- consumer preferences消费者偏好
注重身体健康的消费者
impair consumer choice损害消费者的选择(权)
F customer [ k st m (r)] n.顾客;客户 16
consumers safety awareness ˈ ʌ ə ə
# consumerism [k nsjum rz m] n.消费主义 1
消费者的安全意识 ə ˈ ː əɪ ə
. 复合词( 词)
5 1
average/traditional lifestyles
lifestyle8 [ la fsta l] 普通/传统的生活方式
★★☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
a big change in lifestyle生活方式上的巨大改变
n.生活方式8
the lifestyle of the wage⁃earning class
- try out different lifestyles尝试不同的生活方式
工薪阶层的生活方式
reconsider ones lifestyle重新思考自身的生活方式
(三)动词( 词)
14
. 高中词( 词)
1 10
restrict sbs freedom限制某人的自由
replace13 [r ple s] be restricted withina narrow space
★★★ ɪˈ ɪ
被限于狭窄的空间内
v.代替;取代13
F limit [ l m t] v.限制;限定 13
- replace human labor取代人力 ˈɪ ɪ
# restriction [r str k n] n.限制;约束 5
replace labor with machines用机器取代劳工 ɪˈ ɪ ʃ
replace artificial grass with sustainable alternatives
用可持续的替代品取代人造草坪 switch10 [sw t ]
★★☆ ɪʃ
replace words with deeds以行动代替言辞
v.改变;转变10
replace all existing models
- switch the focus of memory转变记忆焦点
取代全部现有的型号
switch to the nursing school转到护理学院
F displace [d sple s] v.取代;替代
ɪ ˈ ɪ switch to a mainly plant⁃based diet
# replacement [r ple sm nt] n.替代品;替代物 1
ɪˈ ɪ ə 转向以植物为主的饮食
Our brains switch between being focused and
restrict10 [r str kt] unfocused on a task.我们的大脑就某项工作
★★☆ ɪˈ ɪ
在“集中注意力”与“分散注意力”之间转换。
v.限制;限定10
switch between documents on screen
- be restricted due to...因……受限制
在屏幕上的文件之间切换
restrict teachers power限制教师的权力
switch to sustainable recycled plastics
restrict access to genetic tests限制基因检测的使用
转向可持续的再生塑料
restrict advertising of products high in fat
F change [t e nd ] v.改变;变化 31
限制高脂产品的广告 ʃ ɪ ʒ
consumer·lifestyle·replace·restrict·switch
52complain8 [k mple n] dismiss5 [d sm s]
★★☆ ə ˈ ɪ ★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ɪ
v.抱怨;投诉8 v.摒弃;不予考虑5
- complain of labor shortages抱怨劳动力短缺 - dismiss organic eggs
complain about the H⁃ A visa抱怨H⁃ A签证 不考虑(购买)有机鸡蛋
2 2
People complained that buses were late and dismiss virtue as unnecessary for leaders
infrequent.人们抱怨公交车晚点且(班次)很少。 认为美德对领袖来说是毫无必要的
complain to the police about the noise dismiss the federal governments idea as absurd
向警方投诉噪音(问题) 认为联邦政府的想法荒唐可笑而不予考虑
complain about not feeling appreciated at work dismiss wind power asan unreliable energy source
抱怨工作上没有感到受赏识 认为风能是一种不可靠的能源而不予考虑
# complaint [k mple nt] n.抱怨;埋怨 4 dismiss the objections对异议不予理会
ə ˈ ɪ
dismiss the opinion polls as worthless
认为民意测验毫无用处而不予考虑
remove7 [r mu v]
★★☆ ɪˈ ː
v.移开;去掉7
highlight5 [ ha la t]
- remove sb from sbs current school ★☆☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ
使某人离开当前的学校 v.突出;强调5
woody material removed from the forests - highlight negative adolescent behavior
从森林中移除的木质材料 强调青少年的消极行为
remove thousands of people from their homes highlight the virtues of classical heroes
让成千上万的人搬离他们的家园 突出古典时代英雄们的美德
remove the dishes撤去碗碟 highlight machines threat to human jobs
remove the sheets from the bed 突出机器对人类工作的威胁
把床单从床上撤下 highlight the public glory of the leading artists
F clear [kl (r)] v.移走;清除 2 突出一流艺术家的公共荣誉
ɪə
# removal [r mu vl] n.移动;去除 1 highlight the troubled past强调坎坷的过去
ɪˈ ː
the issues highlighted by the report
报告所突出的问题
criticise/⁃ize5 [ kr t sa z]
★☆☆ ˈ ɪɪ ɪ F emphasise/⁃ize [ emf sa z] v.强调;重视 7
ˈ ə ɪ
v.批评;批判5
- criticise the celebrity chef批评明星主厨
expose4 [ ksp z]
be criticized for failing to fulfill the duty ★☆☆ ɪ ˈ əʊ
因未能履行职责而受到批评 v.使接触;使遭受4
We become defensive when criticised. - get exposed to the factorys culture
被批评时我们会变得心存戒备。 接触工厂的文化
criticize the teams performance expose oneself to unpleasant stimuli
批评团队的表现 让自己遭受令人不快的刺激
criticize sb for not taking the problem seriously expose sb to severe injury使某人受重伤
批评某人不认真对待问题 be exposed to high doses of radiation at the
F blame [ble m] v.责怪;指责 6 nuclear plant在核电站受到大量辐射
ɪ
praise [pre z] v.称赞;赞美 1 # exposure [ ksp (r)] n.接触;暴露 4
ɪ ɪ ˈ əʊʒə
complain·remove·criticise/⁃ize·dismiss·highlight·expose
53ruin a fantastic home purchase
ruin3 [ ru n] 毁掉一次极佳的购房(机会)
★☆☆ ˈ ːɪ
ruin ones chances of winning the race
v.毁坏;破坏3
毁掉自己赢得比赛的机会
- ruin the view of west London
F wreck [rek] v.破坏;毁坏
破坏伦敦西区的景观
. 四级词( 词)
2 2
F ignore [ ɡn (r)] v.忽视;对……不予理会 8
ɪ ˈ ɔː
overlook8 ★★☆ [ ˌəʊ v əˈ l ʊ k] notice [ ˈ n əʊ t ɪ s] v.注意到;意识到 5
v.忽略;忽视8
- be largely overlooked
decay3 [d ke ]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ
在很大程度上被忽视了
v.衰弱;衰减3
overlook the possibility of taking a gap year
- the moral decaying道德败坏
忽略“休个间隔年”这一可能性
The planes wakes will decay more quickly.
The mental health of retirees is overlooked.
飞机的尾迹将会消散得更快。
退休人员的心理健康被忽视了。
decaying standards of morality
overlook one important fact
日趋低下的道德标准
忽略一个重要的事实
F decline [d kla n] v.下降;衰退 3
be overlooked by irresponsible educators ɪˈ ɪ
improve [ mpru v] v.改进;改善 4
被不负责任的教育工作者忽视 ɪ ˈ ː
. 考研词( 词)
3 2
F stress [stres] v.强调;着重 1
emphasise/⁃ize7 ★★☆ [ ˈ emf ə sa ɪ z] understate [ ˌʌ nd əˈ ste ɪ t] v.轻描淡写 1
v.强调;重视7
- emphasize elitism强调精英主义 characterise/⁃ize3 [ kær kt ra z]
★☆☆ ˈ ə ə ɪ
emphasize the virtue of classical heroes
v.是……的特征;以……为典型3
强调古典时代英雄们的美德
- a wasteland characterized by purposelessness
Emphasize that youre only offering your opinion.
一个以漫无目的为特征的荒芜之地
强调你仅仅是在提出自己的想法。
...characterize the artists paintings
emphasize ones point 强调自己的观点
……是这位艺术家的绘画作品的特征
emphasize the need for more volunteers
F distinguish [d st ŋɡw ] v.成为……的特征 1
强调对更多志愿者的需求 ɪˈ ɪ ɪʃ
(四)形容词( 词)
7
. 高中词( 词)
1 4
significant gender differences显著的性别差异
significant16 [s ɡn f k nt] the significant role of good habits
★★★ ɪ ˈ ɪ ɪ ə
好习惯的重要作用
a.重要的;显著的16
any significant weight fluctuations
- the most significant change最显著的变化
任何明显的体重波动
ruin·overlook·decay·emphasise/⁃ize·characterise/⁃ize·significant
54 a significant improvement显著的改善 the previous years先前的 年
70 70
a significant event in the history a previous experiment先前的一项实验
历史上的重要事件 live longer than previous generations
# significantly [sɡnfk ntli] ad.重要地;显著地 2 比前几代人更长寿
ɪ ˈ ɪɪ ə
significance [s ɡn f k ns] n.意义;重要性 1 the previous owner of the house
ɪ ˈ ɪ ɪ ə
这栋房子的前主人
efficient10 [ f nt] have made previous attempts to quit smoking
★★☆ ɪˈ ɪʃ
以前曾尝试过戒烟
a.效率高的;有功效的10 F prior [ pra (r)] a.先前的;较早的 4
ˈ ɪə
- become more efficient变得更高效
# previously [ pri vi sli] ad.先前地;以前地 4
ˈ ː ə
the trend toward efficient living
(追求)高效生活方式的趋势
various3 [ ve ri s]
an efficient secretary效率高的秘书 ★☆☆ ˈ ə ə
the efficient use of energy
a.不同的;各种各样的3
能源的有效利用
- various factors多种因素
# efficiency [ f nsi] n.效率;效能 13
ɪˈ ɪʃ grieve various kinds of loss
efficiently [ f ntli] ad.效率高地 2
ɪˈ ɪʃ 为各种失去而伤心
inefficiency [ n f nsi] n.低效率 1
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ go downward in various ways
inefficiently [ n f ntli] ad.效率低地 1
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ 在各个方面都下滑
for various reasons出于种种原因
previous7 [ pri vi s]
receive various grants from the company
★★☆ ˈ ː ə
得到该公司的各项补助金
a.先前的;以往的7
- previous surveys以往的调查 # variously [ ˈ ve ə ri ə sli] ad.不同地;以各种方式 1
. 考研词( 词)
2 1
deliver an electric shock产生电击
electric4 [ lektr k] electric power电力
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ
# electricity [ lektr s ti] n.电;电能 2
a.电的;用电的4
electrify [ l
ɪ
e
ˌ
ktr
ˈ
fa
ɪ
]
ə
v.使通电;使带电 2
- electric cars/vehicles电动汽车 ɪˈ ɪ ɪ
. 派生词( 词)
3 1
more enjoyable commutes更加令人愉快的通勤
enjoyable3 [ nd bl] an enjoyable experience一段令人愉快的经历
★☆☆ ɪ ˈ ʒɔɪə
F pleasant [ pleznt] a.可喜的;令人愉快的 4
a.有趣的;令人愉快的3
disagreeab
ˈ
le [ d s ɡri bl] a.令人不快的 1
- enjoyable luxuries令人愉悦的奢侈品 ˌ ɪ əˈ ːə
. 复合词( 词)
4 1
think about long⁃term consequences
long⁃term7 [ l ŋ t m] 考虑长远的后果
★★☆ ˌɒ ˈɜː
long⁃term unemployment长期失业
a.长期的;长远的7
a long⁃term program of development
- long⁃term effects长期影响
一项长期发展计划
set long⁃term goals设定长期目标
short⁃term [ t t m] a.短期的;近期的
ˌʃɔː ˈɜː
efficient·previous·various·electric·enjoyable·long⁃term
55(五)副词( 词)
4
. 高中词( 词)
1 3
will benefit homeowners eventually
indeed11 [ ndi d] 最终会使房主受益
★★★ ɪ ˈ ː
win public support eventually最终赢得公众支持
ad.的确;确实11
F finally [ fa n li] ad.最后;终于 6
- could indeed hold patents to two genes ˈ ɪ ə
initially [ n li] ad.最初;起初 3
的确可以拥有两项基因专利 ɪˈ ɪʃə
With the pandemic,unemployment isvery high
indeed.受疫情影响,失业率的确居高不下。 moreover5 [m r v (r)]
★☆☆ ɔː ˈəʊ ə
be indeed a remarkable achievement
ad.此外;而且5
的确是项非凡的成就
- Moreover,we are grieving various kinds of loss.
F truly [ tru li] ad.确实;真正地 5
ˈ ː 此外,我们要为各种失去而伤心。
A talented artist, he was, moreover, a famous
eventually8 [ vent u li] writer.他是一位有才华的艺术家,同时也是
★★☆ ɪˈ ʃ ə
颇有名气的作家。
ad.最终;最后8
F besides [b sa dz] ad.此外;而且 3
- will eventually bring costs down最终会拉低成本 ɪˈ ɪ
. 派生词( 词)
2 1
Its not necessarily a bad thing.
necessarily5 [ nes ser li] 这并不一定是件坏事。
★☆☆ ˌ əˈ ə
necessarily involve some risk
ad.必定;必然地5
必然会带来风险
- be not necessarily ethically better
F inevitably [ nevt bli] ad.必然地;不可避免地 3
道德(水平)上未必更高 ɪ ˈ ɪə
二、单词性多词义( 词)
41
(一)虚词( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
与……同时;与……一起1
②
alongside3 [ l ŋsa d] - We need progressive policies that shape collective
★☆☆ əˌɒ ˈ ɪ
action, alongside engaged citizens pushing for
prep. 在……旁边;与……并排2
① change.我们需要影响集体行动的革新性政策,
- History from below stood alongside biographies
同时也需要努力推动变革的积极公民。
of great men.草根的历史与伟人传记平起平坐。
spend a week working alongside the miners
sit alongside sb坐在某人身旁
与矿工一起工作一周
indeed·eventually·moreover·necessarily·alongside
56(二)名词( 词)
15
. 高中词( 词)
1 11
时机;机遇1
②
labo(u)r26 [ le b (r)] - seize moments of deep work
★★★ ˈ ɪ ə
抓住深度工作的机会
n. 劳工;劳动力22
① wait for the right moment等待适当的时机
- labor shortages劳动力短缺
F chance [t ɑ ns] n.机会;时机 11
cheap foreign labor廉价的外国劳动力 ʃ ː
replace labor with machines用机器取代劳工
skilled labor熟练的工人 security11 [s kj r ti]
★★★ ɪˈ ʊə ə
a shortage of labor劳动力的短缺
n. 保护措施;安全工作5
劳动;体力劳动4 ①
② - national security threat国家安全威胁
- the division of labor劳动分工
cope with security issues应对安全问题
physical or mental labor体力和脑力劳动
computer security experts计算机安全专家
manual labor手工劳动
raise security and privacy concerns
hours of difficult labor数小时的艰难劳作
引发安全和隐私(方面的)忧虑
F work [w k] n.劳动;干活 30
ɜː the security forces安保部队
carry out security checks at the airport
generation22 [ d en re n]
★★★ ˌ ʒ əˈ ɪʃ 在机场实行安全检查
n. 代;一代(人)21
②
保障;稳定3
①
- job security就业保障
- inspire a generation激励一代人
food security食物保障
one cross⁃generation mark一个跨世代的标志
financial security经济保障
the younger/older generation年轻/老一代人
take efforts of generations耗费几代人的努力 insecurity [ ns kj r ti] n.不安全;无保障 2
ˌɪ ɪˈ ʊə ə
the postwar generation战后的一代人 安全;安全感2
③
F age [e d ] n.代;时代 1 - bring security to...给……带来安全感
ɪ ʒ
# generational [ d en re nl] a.一代的; a false sense of security虚假的安全感
ˌ ʒ əˈ ɪʃə
代际的 the emotional security情感上的安全感
3
②
(尤指电、热等的)产生1 F safety [
ˈ
se
ɪ
fti] n.安全;平安 5
- electricity generation发电 保卫部门;保安部门1
④
the generation of heat热量的产生 - the security guard at the door门口的保安
have ones own security拥有自己的保安部门
moment15 [ m m nt]
★★★ ˈ əʊ ə
image8 [ m d ]
★★☆ ˈɪ ɪ ʒ
n. 当时;某个时刻14
①
- stressful moments倍感压力的时刻 n. 影像;图像6
①
think about the present moment - in a sequence of images在一系列影像中
考虑当下这一时刻 choose to see such an image选择看这种图像
the most challenging moments in life the image that best represents the current crisis
人生中最具挑战性的时刻 最能(形象地)展示当前危机的图像
from that moment on从那刻开始 an image on a television screen
F point [p nt] n.时刻;关头 5 电视荧屏上的影像
ɔɪ
labo(u)r·generation·moment·security·image
57the development of image technology # characterise/⁃ize [ kær kt ra z]
ˈ ə ə ɪ
影像技术的发展 v.是……的特征
3
形象;声誉2 characteristic [ kær kt r st k] n.特点;特征 4
② ˌ ə əˈ ɪ ɪ
- promote company image提升企业形象 人物;角色1
③
improve the citys image改善城市形象 - appear as a character in the movie
1945
the scientists public image 在 年的电影中作为一个角色出现
1945
科学家的公众形象 cartoon characters漫画人物
F reputation [ repjute n] n.名誉;名声 2
ˌ ˈ ɪʃ
principle6 [ pr ns pl]
★★☆ ˈ ɪ ə
authority7 [ r ti]
★★☆ ɔːˈɒ ə
n. 原则;原理5
①
n. 当局;官方5 - the principles of the US jury system
①
- Mexican authorities墨西哥当局 美国陪审团制度的原则
stop local authorities from building homes Those principles are not substantially different.
阻止地方当局建房 那些原理并没有本质上的区别。
military authorities军事当局 the principle behind sth某事物的原理
report the problem to the health authorities the principles of writing reports撰写报告的原则
向卫生当局报告这一问题 准则;信条1
②
权威;威信2 - More education is the new principle.
②
- undermine the authority of state tests “接受更多的教育”是(如今的)新准则。
削弱州级考试的权威性 moral principles道德准则
possess higher authority than mere mortals adhere to ones principles恪守准则
比普通人更具权威
speak with authority有权威地说
virtue6 [ v t u ]
# authoritative [ r t tv] a.权威性的;可信的 1 ★★☆ ˈ ɜːʃ ː
ɔːˈɒəəɪ
n. 美德;德行4
①
- dismiss virtue as unnecessary
character6 [ kær kt (r)]
★★☆ ˈ ə ə 认为美德是毫无必要的
n. (人、集体的)品质,性格3 emphasize/highlight the virtue of sb
①
- moral character道德品质 强调/突出某人的美德
truly noble and manly character models of virtue德行典范
真正高尚且有男子气概的品格 优点;好处2
②
change the character of a generation - the virtue of work工作的好处
改变一代人的性格 a virtue in the newspaper business
character traits性格特点 报纸业中的一个优点
the different aspects of sbs character the virtue in planning ahead未雨绸缪的好处
某人性格的不同方面 believe in the virtues of free trade
F personality [ p s næl ti] n.性格;个性 4 相信自由贸易的好处
ˌ ɜː əˈ ə
(事物、事件或地方的)特点,特征2 F advantage [ dvɑ nt d ] n.优点;好处
② ə ˈ ː ɪ ʒ
- the character of our society我们社会的特征
how lean times are affecting societys character
battle5 [ bætl]
艰苦的岁月如何影响社会特征 ★☆☆ ˈ
the character of the town/city n. 战役;战斗3
①
该镇/城市的特点 - wage battles发动战争
authority·character·principle·virtue·battle
58bear all the burdens of battle a collection of American personalities
承受战争中的所有重担 美国人性格特点的集合
go into battle投入战斗 a collection of books on the floor
斗争;较量2 地板上成堆的书
②
- the immigration battle移民之争 a strange collection of runners in the London
legal battles法律(方面的)较量 Marathon 伦敦马拉松比赛中一群稀奇古怪
a battle of wills意志的较量 的选手
收集物;收藏品1
②
collection3 [k lek n] - art collection艺术品收藏
★☆☆ əˈ ʃ
a valuable stamp collection
n. 一群(人);一批(物品)2 珍贵的邮票收藏品
①
- a collection of shots of the landscape come from ones private collection
一组风景影像的集合 来自某人的私人收藏
. 考研词( 词)
2 3
a consideration of family issues
employment15 [ mpl m nt] 对家庭问题的考虑
★★★ ɪ ˈ ɔɪ ə
give serious consideration to supporting the old
n. 就业8
① 认真考虑赡养老人
- support employment扶持就业
F deliberation [d l b re n] n.细想;考虑 3
employment in manufacturing ɪˌɪ əˈ ɪʃ
必须考虑的事或因素2
制造业的就业(人数) ②
- be a consideration for children
a link between employment and insurance
是孩子会考虑的问题
就业与保险之间的联系
One consideration is safety.
employment level就业率
一个要考虑的问题便是安全(问题)。
aim at full employment以实现充分就业为目标
domestic considerations需要考虑的家庭因素
# unemployment [ ˌʌ n ɪ m ˈ pl ɔɪ m ə nt] n.失业 8 a major consideration in doing housework
工作;职业7
做家务要考虑的一个主要因素
②
- offer secure employment提供稳定的工作
sbs field of employment某人的工作领域
recovery4 [r k v ri]
full⁃time/part⁃time employment ★☆☆ ɪˈ ʌ ə
全职/兼职工作
n. (经济的)回升,复苏3
①
seek employment找工作 - fragile recovery乏力的(经济)复苏
be offered employment in the sales office a sign of economic recovery经济复苏的迹象
获得销售部的工作
a recovery in consumer spending
F occupation [ kjupe n] n.工作;职业 2 消费者支出的回升
ˌɒ ˈ ɪʃ
F revival [r va vl] n.振兴;复苏 2
ɪˈ ɪ
consideration5 [k ns d re n] 恢复;康复1
②
★☆☆ ə ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪʃ
- experience a full recovery完全康复
n. 斟酌;仔细考虑3 be on the road to recovery正在康复之中
①
- take natural scenes into consideration make a quick recovery from the operation
将自然风光考虑在内 手术后恢复得很快
make the decision with great consideration F healing [ hi l ŋ] n.康复;治疗
ˈ ːɪ
仔细斟酌后做出该决定 deterioration [d t ri re n] n.变坏;恶化
ɪˌɪə əˈ ɪʃ
collection·employment·consideration·recovery
59. 派生词( 词)
3 1
the economic downturn since the Great Depression
depression5 [d pre n] 大萧条以来的经济衰退
★☆☆ ɪˈ ʃ
head toward a depression进入萧条期
n. 抑郁;消沉2
① the start of a severe depression大萧条的开始
- avoid depression避免抑郁
F recession [r se n] n.经济衰退;经济萎缩 18
cover up ones depressions掩饰自身的抑郁(情绪) ɪˈ ʃ
boom [bu m] n.繁荣;迅速发展 3
collapse into depression陷入抑郁 ː
抑郁症;精神忧郁1
feelings of depression忧郁的感觉 ③
- have depression患有抑郁症
F sadness [ sædn s] n.悲伤;悲痛 2
ˈ ə clinical depression临床抑郁症
cheerfulness [ t f ln s] n.快乐;高兴 1
ˈʃɪə ə ə suffer from severe depression
萧条期;(经济)衰退2
② 患上严重的抑郁症
- during the Depression在大萧条期间
(三)动词( 词)
12
. 高中词( 词)
1 8
Readers threatened to pay less.
threaten13 [ retn] 读者威胁要减少付费。
★★★ ˈ
be threatened with violence受到暴力威胁
v. 有……危险;预示凶兆6
① threaten to take sb to court
- fruits threatening to “go off”
威胁要把某人告上法庭
有“变质”风险的水果
# threatening [ retn ŋ] a.具有威胁性的 1
threaten to upend the old workforce model ˈ ɪ
有颠覆旧有劳动力模式的危险
respond11 [r sp nd]
threaten to split the club ★★★ ɪˈ ɒ
可能会造成俱乐部的分裂
v. 响应;作出反应9
①
The clouds threatened rain.
- respond to unexpected events应对突发事件
乌云预示大雨将至。
respond to childrens emotional needs
threaten to undermine public confidence
回应孩子的情感需求
有削弱公众信心的风险
respond differently to the same style of parenting
危及;对……构成威胁4 对同一种育儿方式反应不同
②
- the “threatened” tag“濒危(物种)”标签
respond by ignoring the criticism
list the bird as threatened 以无视批评的方式回应
将这一鸟类列为濒危(物种) F react [riækt] v.回应;起反应 4
ˈ
threaten marine life危及海洋生物 # responsive [r sp ns v] a.反应积极的 1
ɪˈ ɒ ɪ
threaten the survival of the panda unresponsive [ nr sp ns v] a.反应迟钝的 1
ˌʌ ɪˈ ɒ ɪ
危及大熊猫的生存 回答;回复2
②
F endanger [ nde nd (r)] v.危及;危害 1 - respond to letters回信
ɪ ˈ ɪ ʒə
威胁;恐吓3 respond to a speech of welcome回复欢迎致辞
③
- make the powerful person feel less threatened respond negatively to the question
让这位权势人物觉得不那么受到威胁 对这一问题做出否定的回答
threaten teenagers with removal of electronic F reply [r pla ] v.回答;答复
ɪˈ ɪ
devices威胁青少年要“切断电子设备” # respondent [r sp nd nt] n.回答问题的人 4
ɪˈ ɒ ə
depression·threaten·respond
60represent the conscience of the community
identify10 [a dent fa ] 体现社区的良知
★★☆ ɪˈ ɪ ɪ
a sculpture that represents the past and future
v. 识别;分辨6
① 象征着过去和未来的一座雕塑
- identify human DNA识别人类的DNA
相当于;意味着2
help sb identify false information ③
- represent different pathways to cooperation
帮助某人识别错误信息
相当于通往合作的不同路径
identify friends to cooperate with
represent the greatest national security threat
分辨出可以合作的朋友
相当于最大的国家安全威胁
identify controllable factors识别可控因素
represent a departure from previous policy
identify and further minimize data error
相当于脱离了原来的政策
识别并进一步减小数据误差
描绘;(形象地)表现1
F recognise/⁃ize [ rek ɡna z] v.认出;辨认出 1 ④
ˈ ə ɪ - the image that best represents the current crisis
找到;发现2
② 最能形象地描绘目前这种危机的图像
- identify the target area找到目标领域
represent a hunting scene描绘了一幅狩猎的场面
identify a link between diet and obesity
be represented in the figure below如下图所示
发现饮食与肥胖之间的关联
F depict [d p kt] v.描述;刻画 2
identify a powerful theoretical framework ɪˈ ɪ
找到一个强有力的理论框架
F discover [d sk v (r)] v.找到;发现 7 consume8 [k nsju m]
ɪˈ ʌ ə ★★☆ ə ˈ ː
表明;证明身份1
- Al
③
l Internet users should be forced to register
v.
①
消费;购买3
- consume luxuries消费奢侈品
and identify themselves.
consume a record⁃high percentage of budget
应强制所有互联网用户注册并表明身份。
花费破纪录的高比例预算
identify sb as the most esteemed scientist
consume goods购买商品
表明某人是最受尊敬的科学家
be available for sb to consume可供某人消费
identify...with... 认为……等同于……1
④< >
- be identified with emptiness等同于空旷 F spend [spend] v.花费;消费 28
identify wealth with happiness # consumer [k nsju m (r)] n.顾客;消费者 24
ə ˈ ː ə
认为财富等同于幸福 consumerism [k nsju m r z m] n.消费主义 1
ə ˈ ː ə ɪ ə
F equate [ikwe t] v.使等同;同等看待 消耗,耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)2
②
ˈ ɪ
- consume electricity耗电
consume less fuel消耗更少的燃料
represent9 [ repr zent]
★★☆ ˌ ɪˈ consume much time in reading花许多时间读书
v.
①
代表4 F use [ju
ː
z] v.使用;耗费 35
- represent lives hard to imitate 吃;喝2
③
代表难以复制的人生 - the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK
represent a new wave of technology 在英国被食用的果蔬
代表一股科技新潮 consume alcohol饮酒
represent a consensus on administrative work # consumption [k ns mp n] n. 吃;喝 2
ə ˈ ʌ ʃ ①
代表行政工作上的共识 消耗 1
②
# representation [ repr zente n] n.代表 1 消费 1
ˌ ɪ ˈ ɪʃ ③
体现;象征2 烧毁;毁灭1
② ④
- styles representing Impressionists - Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are
体现印象派画家的风格 consumed.即使发生火灾,烧毁的树木也更少。
identify·represent·consume
61 be consumed by fire被大火吞噬 F appear [ p (r)] v.出现;呈现 12
əˈ ɪə
consume many homes烧毁许多住宅 出现;露出1
②
- emerge from the small house从小屋中现身
promote7 [pr m t] emerge from the lake从湖水中浮现
★★☆ əˈ əʊ
from 摆脱;解脱1
③<~ >
v. 促进;推动6 - emerge from stressful moments
①
- promote genetic research推动基因研究(的发展) 摆脱充满压力的时刻
promote the advance of rights推动权利的发展 emerge from the scandal从丑闻中脱身
promote sport participation emerge from bankruptcy摆脱破产(的困境)
促进运动参与度(的提升)
promote scientific progress推动科技进步
communicate5 [k mju n ke t]
F advance [ dvɑ ns] v.促进;推动 4 ★☆☆ əˈ ː ɪ ɪ
ə ˈ ː
hinder [ h nd (r)] v.妨碍;阻挡 2 v. 交流;沟通3
ˈ ɪ ə ①
# promoter [pr m t (r)] n.倡导者;支持者 1 - communicate with a stranger与一位陌生人交流
əˈ əʊə
促销;推广1 communicate on a daily basis每天都进行交流
②
- promote the sales of new Boeing aircraft communicate effectively by sign language
促进波音新型客机的销售 通过手语进行有效沟通
promote new agricultural technologies F chat [t æt] v.聊天;闲谈 1
ʃ
推广新的农业技术 # communication [k mju n ke n]
əˌ ː ɪˈ ɪʃ
F publicise/⁃ize [ p bl sa z] v.宣传;推广 n. 交流;沟通 7
ˈ ʌ ɪ ɪ ①
# promotion [pr m n] n.促销活动 4 pl. 通信;通讯 2
əˈ əʊʃ ②< >
promotional [pr m nl] a.推销的; telecommunications [ telik mju n ke nz]
əˈ əʊʃə ˌ əˌ ː ɪˈ ɪʃ
广告宣传的
1
n.电信;电讯
1
传达;传递2
②
emerge6 [im d ] - communicate the housings real value
★★☆ ˈ ɜː ʒ 传达住房(对经济)的真实价值
v. 兴起;开始为人所知4 Your body language communicates reluctance.
①
- emerge in the late sixties兴起于 年代末 你的肢体语言传达出勉强。
60
New science of habit has emerged. communicate ones idea to the group
新的习惯科学兴起了。 将自己的想法传达给小组(成员)
emerge asa majorissue出现(并成为)主要问题 communicate the significance of the decision
the emerging digital technologies 传达这个决定的意义
正在兴起的数字技术 F convey [k nve ] v.表达;传递
ə ˈ ɪ
. 四级词( 词)
2 3
inevitably contribute to global warming
contribute11 [k ntr bju t] 必然会导致全球变暖
★★★ ə ˈ ɪ ː
F promote [pr m t] v.促进;推动 5
v. to 导致;有助于9 əˈ əʊ
①<~ > hinder [ h nd (r)] v.阻碍;妨碍 2
- contribute to CEO pay rise导致CEO薪酬上涨 ˈ ɪ ə
# contributor [k ntrbj t (r)] n.因素;促成物 1
contribute to funding new developments ə ˈ ɪ əə
贡献;提供2
有助于投资新建住房 ②
- contribute ones experience提供自己的经验
infrastructure contributing to the economy
contribute something unique
有助于经济(发展)的基础设施
贡献一些独一无二的事物
promote·emerge·communicate·contribute
62 contribute an idea to the discussion eliminate ones opponent消灭自己的对手
为讨论提供意见
contribute time and energy to the cause assemble4 [ sembl]
★☆☆ əˈ
为该事业贡献时间和精力
F provide [pr va d] v.提供;给予 19 v. 聚集;召集2
əˈ ɪ ①
# contribution [ k ntr bju n] n.贡献 2 - assemble in Geneva在日内瓦聚集
ˌ ɒ ɪˈ ːʃ
Three passenger jets were to assemble over
Utah.三架客机在犹他州上方会合。
eliminate7 [ l m ne t]
★★☆ ɪˈɪ ɪ ɪ assemble in the park在公园集合
v. 清除;消除6 F gather [ ɡæ (r)] v.聚集;召集 4
① ˈ ðə
- eliminate the negative effects消除负面影响 disperse [d sp s] v.分散;疏散
ɪˈ ɜː
eliminate all single⁃use plastic 装配;组装2
②
清除所有的一次性塑料制品 - assemble a bicycle组装自行车
help eliminate poverty有助于消除贫困 try to assemble copper coils
F erase [ re z] v.清除;消除 3 试着组装铜线圈
ɪˈ ɪ
消灭,除掉(尤指敌人或对手)1 assemble experimental equipment
②
- eliminate potential competitors 组装实验器材
消灭潜在的竞争对手 disassemble [ d s sembl] v.拆卸;拆开
ˌ ɪ əˈ
. 六级词( 词)
3 1
portray oneself as a victim
portray3 [p tre ] 将自己塑造成一名受害者
★☆☆ ɔːˈ ɪ
portray sb as a self⁃serving person
v. 描绘;描写1
① 将某人刻画成自私自利的人
- portray landscape描绘风景
扮演(某角色)1
portray life in a small village ③
- portray oneself in the film
描写了一个小村庄的生活
(某人)在影片中本色出演
F depict [d p kt] v.描绘;描写 2
ɪˈ ɪ be portrayed by sb由某人扮演
将……刻画成;将……塑造成1
② portray a character in a play在剧中扮演一个角色
- portray an idealised version of oneself
F play [ple ] v.(在电影、话剧中)扮演,扮角色 13
(在社交软件中)将自己刻画成理想中的样子 ɪ
(四)形容词( 词)
12
. 高中词( 词)
1 8
have a massive negative impact on carbon
negative17 [ neɡ t v] storage对碳储存有巨大的负面影响
★★★ ˈ əɪ
F harmful [ hɑ mfl] a.有害的;导致损害的 4
a. 负面的;有害的11 ˈ ː
① positive [ p z t v] a.良好的;有助益的 7
- negative side effects有害的副作用 ˈ ɒ əɪ
消极的;缺乏热情的6
negative Internet comments负面的网络评论 ②
- negative feelings/attitudes/emotions
a negative impact/implication负面影响/含义
消极感受/态度/情绪
negative news about the scientists personal life
a negative outlook on the future of neuroscience
关于该科学家私人生活的负面新闻
对神经科学的未来持消极看法
eliminate·assemble·portray·negative
63F pessimistic [pes mstk] a.悲观的;悲观主义的 1
ˌ ɪˈ ɪ ɪ
# negatively [ ˈ neɡ ə t ɪ vli] ad.消极地;反面地 1 particular8 ★★☆ [p əˈ t ɪ kj ə l ə (r)]
a. 独特的;不寻常的6
①
tough13 [t f] - a rather particular reason相当独特的原因
★★★ ʌ
particular demands不寻常的要求
a. 艰苦的;艰难的11
① a matter of particular importance特别重要的事
- be tough to define很难定义
F special [ spe l] a.特殊的;特别的 10
increasingly tough jobs日益艰难的工作 ˈ ʃ
usual [ ju u l] a.寻常的;惯常的 2
go through tough times经历艰苦的时期 ˈ ːʒ ə
# particularly [p t kj l li] ad.特别;尤其 12
a tough childhood艰苦的童年 əˈɪ əə
特定的;某一的2
be a tough year for sb对某人来说是艰难的一年 ②
- particular behaviors特定行为
F hard [hɑ ː d] a.艰苦的;艰难的 31 a particular project某一特定项目
严厉的;强硬的2
② a particular group of companies
- need tougher enforcement需要更严厉的执行
特定的一批公司
use some of the tough tactics
some particular incidents in the report
采取一些强硬的策略
报告中的某些特定事件
get tough with...对……态度严厉
F specific [sp s f k] a.特定的;特有的 6
be too tough on ones son əˈ ɪ ɪ
universal [ ju n v sl] a.普遍的;共同的 2
对自己的儿子过于严厉 ˌ ː ɪˈ ɜː
F strict [str kt] a.严厉的;要求严格的 7
ɪ anxious6 [ æŋk s]
★★☆ ˈ ʃə
specific9 [sp s f k] a. 焦虑的;担心的5
★★☆ əˈ ɪ ɪ ①
- feel anxious感到焦虑
a. 特定的;特有的6
become anxious about ones future
①
- a specific task一项特定的工作 开始担心自己的未来
be linked to a specific computer
generational sense of anxious urgency
连接于特定的计算机
一代人的焦虑紧迫之感
specific limits on home extensions be anxious about sbs safety担心某人的安全
针对房屋扩建的特定限制
be naturally anxious for the children
achieve ones specific fitness goals 自然地为儿女担心
实现自己特定的健身目标
F worried [ w rid] a.担心的;担忧的 1
ˈ ʌ
a specific age group一个特定的年龄段 composed [k mp zd] a.镇静的;沉着的
ə ˈ əʊ
specific learning difficulties特有的学习障碍 渴望的;急切的1
②
F particular [p t kj l (r)] a.特定的;特指的 2 - be anxiousabout fulfilment渴望(得到)满足感
əˈɪ əə
general [ d enr l] a.普通的;一般性的 1 be anxious for news急于(得到)消息
ˈ ʒ ə
明确的;具体的3 seem anxious to speak to sb alone
②
- focus on specific details关注具体的细节 似乎迫切地想同某人单独谈谈
the specific effects of sth某事的具体影响 F eager [ i ɡ (r)] a.热切的;渴望的 2
ˈː ə
make specific daily plans制定具体的日常计划
to be more specific更确切地说
mental6 [ mentl]
give sb specific instructions给某人明确的指示 ★★☆ ˈ
F precise [pr sa s] a.准确的;明确的 1 a. 精神健康的;精神状态的5
ɪˈ ɪ ①
vague [ve ɡ] a.不具体的;不详细的 1 - the mental health of retirees
ɪ
# specify [ spes fa ] v.具体说明;明确规定 1 退休人员的心理健康
ˈ ɪ ɪ
tough·specific·particular·anxious·mental
64the community mental health team occasional [ ke nl] a.偶尔的;偶然的 1
əˈ ɪʒə
社区精神健康小组 # constantly [ k nst ntli] ad.始终;一直 2
ˈ ɒ ə
a desirable mental state for busy people 不变的;恒定的1
②
忙碌人群的理想心理状态 The houses are designed to ensure a constant
suffer from mental illness患有精神疾病 temperature.这些房屋的设计可以保证(室
the mental life of human beings 内)恒温。 ( The Guardian)
2023
人类的精神生活 sth remains constant某物始终保持不变
physical [ f z kl] a.身体的;肉体的 2 move at a constant speed以恒定速度移动
ˈ ɪ ɪ
# mentally [ ment li] ad.精神上地;心理上地 2 changeable [ t e nd bl] a.易变的;常变的 1
ˈ ə ˈʃ ɪ ʒə
思考的;智力的1
②
- hours of physical or mental labor straightforward3 [ stre tf w d]
数小时的体力或脑力劳动 ★☆☆ ˌ ɪˈ ɔː ə
a childs mental development儿童的智力发育 a. 简单的;易懂的2
①
F intellectual [ nt lekt u l] a.智力的;脑力的 4 - a more straightforward visa一个更简易的签证
ˌɪ əˈ ʃ ə
# mentality [mentæl ti] n.心态;思想方法 1 straightforward numerical standards
ˈ ə
易懂的数值标准
a straightforward case一个简单的案件
constant5 [ k nst nt]
★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ə complicated [ k mpl ke t d] a.复杂的;
ˈ ɒ ɪ ɪɪ
a. 持续不断的;经常发生的4 难懂的 3
①
- a constant fear持续不断的担忧 坦率的;直截了当的1
②
constant interaction with...与……的持续互动 - Some people like small talk in a meeting
friends who provide constant good humor before digging into important matters, while
(给你)提供持续好心情的朋友 others are more straightforward.
a constant stream of visitors络绎不绝的游客 有些人会面时喜欢先闲聊,再探讨重要问
the constant background noise of the city 题,而有些人则更为直截了当。
城市里持续不断的背景噪音 a straightforward reply坦率的回答
F continual [k nt nju l] a.连续的;接连不断的 1 F frank [fræŋk] a.坦率的;直率的 2
ə ˈɪ ə
. 四级词( 词)
2 2
physical8 [ f z kl] immediate6 [ mi di t]
★★☆ ˈ ɪ ɪ ★★☆ ɪˈ ː ə
a. 物质的;有形的5 a. 立即的;立刻的2
① ①
- physical assets有形资产 - immediate electronic payments即时电子支付
read only physical books只看纸质书 take immediate action立刻采取行动
physical support物质支持 an immediate reaction/response
the physical world物质世界 即时的反应/回应
F material [m əˈ t ɪə ri ə l] a.物质的;实际的 1 F instant [ nst nt] a.立即的;立刻的 1
ˈɪ ə
②
身体的;肉体的3
# immediately [ mi di tli] ad.立即地;即刻地 5
- physical labor体力劳动 ɪˈ ː ə
当前的;紧迫的2
physical health身体健康 ②
- an immediate need for sth亟需某物
research on mental and physical health
list sbs immediate tasks
关于身心健康问题的研究
列出某人的紧迫任务
# physically [ f z kli] ad.身体上地;肉体上地 2
ˈ ɪ ɪ an immediate concern当务之急
constant·straightforward·physical·immediate
65solve the most immediate problem the most immediate changes最直接的变化
解决最紧迫的问题 the immediate cause直接原因
F urgent [ d nt] a.紧迫的;迫切的 4 an immediate connection between the two events
ˈɜː ʒə
(作用)直接的2 两个事件的直接关系
③
- the immediate benefits直接的好处 F direct [d rekt] a.直接的 3
əˈ
. 派生词( 词)
3 1
result in psychological well⁃being
psychological9 [ sa k l d kl] 促进心理健康
★★☆ ˌ ɪ əˈɒ ʒɪ
psychological problems心理问题
a. 心理的;精神的7
① F mental [ mentl] a.心理的;精神的 5
- psychological development心理发展 ˈ
心理学的2
bring psychological benefits ②
- psychological experts心理学专家
带来心理(上的)好处
Psychological Science《心理科学》(期刊)
psychological safety and control
psychological research心理学研究
心理安全感和心理掌控感
. 考研词( 词)
4 1
F appealing [ pi l ŋ] a.有吸引力的
əˈ ːɪ
attractive6 [ trækt v] unattractive [ n trækt v] a.无吸引力的
★★☆ əˈ ɪ
ˌʌ əˈ ɪ
迷人的;有魅力的2
a. 诱人的;有吸引力的4 ②
① - reject attractive female applicants
- attractive ideas有吸引力的想法
拒绝有魅力的女性求职者
the attractive offers from the firm
find sb attractive认为某人有魅力
公司提出的诱人提议
# attractiveness [ trækt vn s] n.魅力;吸引力 3
be attractive to sb对某人具有吸引力 əˈ ɪ ə
(五)副词( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
向前面;在前面2
②
ahead6 [ hed] - go ahead继续推进
★★☆ əˈ
push sb ahead推动某人向前
ad. 提前;预先3
① the road ahead前面的路
- ahead of time事先
run ahead to warn sb跑在前头警告某人
plan ahead提前计划
今后;将来1
be available ahead of expectations ③
- legal battles ahead今后的法律较量
(疫苗)比预期提前投入使用
in the months ahead在以后的几个月里
make payments ahead预付
get a lot of hard work ahead
a scientific seminar planned weeks ahead
往后还有很多艰苦工作要做
一场提前几周计划好的科学研讨会
psychological·attractive·ahead
66三、多词性单词义( 词)
20
(一)名兼动( 词)
9
. 高中词( 词)
1 8
impact20 [ mpækt] claim10 [kle m]
★★★ ˈɪ ★★☆ ɪ
n.巨大影响;强大作用18 n.主张;断言2
- a negative impact负面影响 Here are some things to contemplate when
have very little lasting impact judging any chancellors claims.
几乎没有持久性的影响 在判断任何一位财政大臣的主张时,都需要
the impact of technological advances 考虑以下几点。 ( BBC)
2023
技术进步的影响 repeat ones claim重复自己的论断
the impact of government interference support sbs claim支持某人的说法
政府干预的影响 F statement [ ste tm nt] n.说法;表态 8
ˈ ɪ ə
assess the impact on climate change
v.声称;宣称8
评估对气候变化的影响 - the opposition claims...反对党声称……
proudly claim to have sth
the environmental impact of tourism
自豪地宣称拥有某物
旅游业对环境的影响
claim to be an expert声称是专家
F effect [ fekt] n.效应;影响 34
ɪˈ
claim a major breakthrough in treating cancer
v.(对某事物)有影响,有作用2 [ mpækt]
ɪ ˈ 宣称在治疗癌症方面取得重大突破
- impact everyday life影响日常生活
impact low⁃income families影响低收入家庭 F assert [ əˈ s ɜː t] v.断言;明确肯定 1
impact on/upon small businesses影响小型企业
F affect [ fekt] v.影响 14 contrast9 [ k ntrɑ st]
əˈ ★★☆ ˈ ɒ ː
n.差异;对比8
ban12 [bæn] - in/by contrast对比之下
★★★
show a contrast形成对比
n.禁令3
be in marked contrast to sth与某物截然不同
- a ban on smoking禁烟令
F difference [ d fr ns] n.差别;差异 7
introduce the ban实施这项禁令 ˈ ɪ ə
similarity [ s m lær ti] n.类似;相似
lift a ban on sth取消对某物的禁令 ˌ ɪ əˈ ə
v. with 有明显差异;对比鲜明1 [k ntrɑst]
<~ > ə ˈ ː
approval [ pru vl] n.批准;同意 2 - A contrasts with B A与B明显不同
əˈ ː
v.取缔;明令禁止9 contrast sharply with promises与诺言相差甚远
- be banned by state laws被州法律所禁止 F differ [ d f (r)] v.相异;有区别 4
ˈ ɪ ə
ban single⁃use plastics取缔一次性塑料制品
ban the use of artificial grass
comment7 [ k ment]
禁止使用人造草坪 ★★☆ ˈ ɒ
a banned drug违禁药物 n.评论;意见4
ban online gambling禁止网络赌博 - negative comments负面评论
F prohibit [pr h b t] v.禁止;阻止 2 read online comments阅读网上的评论
əˈ ɪ ɪ
permit [p m t] v.准许;允许 3 give comments on the news对新闻发表评论
əˈ ɪ
impact·ban·claim·contrast·comment
67make helpful comments on sbs work
对某人的工作提出有益的意见 display5 [d sple ]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ
F remark [r mɑ k] n.言论;评述 1
ɪˈ ː n.表演;展示1
v.进行评论;发表意见3
- display teams表演队
- decline to comment不予置评
a firework display烟火表演
comment on recent situations
对近来的形势发表意见 F performance [p əˈ f ɔː m ə ns] n.表演;演出 5
F observe [ bz v] v.评论;评述 1
v.显示;表现4
ə ˈ ɜː - display ones intelligence展示自己的智力
display behaviours like...表现出诸如……等行为
desire5 [d za (r)]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪə a definite trend displayed by statistics
统计数据显示出的一种明显的趋势
n.渴望;愿望4
- suppress sbs desire for success
压抑某人对成功的渴望 delay3 [d le ]
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪ
the desire to protect the environment
保护环境的愿望 n.延迟;耽搁1
satisfy the desires of kids满足孩子们的愿望 - bureaucratic delays官僚体制的延误
have a strong desire to return home tackle the problem without delay立即处理问题
有强烈的回家的愿望 F postponement [p sp nm nt] n.延迟;延期
əˈ əʊ ə
v.渴望;期望1 v.推迟;延期2
- sbs desired outcome某人想要的结果 - delay the conversation推迟谈话
achieve the desired effect达到预期效果 delay the presidential election推迟总统选举
desire health and happiness渴望健康和幸福 delay surgery for a few weeks将手术推迟几周
F want [w nt] v.想要;希望 42 F defer [d f (r)] v.推迟;延缓
ɒ ɪˈ ɜː
# desirable [d za r bl] a.可取的;值得做的 4 advance [ dvɑ ns] v.提早;提前
ɪˈ ɪə ə ə ˈ ː
. 四级词( 词)
2 1
F improvement [ mpru vm nt] n.改善;改进 7
ɪ ˈ ː ə
upgrade6 [ pɡre d] downgrading [ da nɡre d ŋ] n.降格;降级
★★☆ ˈʌ ɪ ˌ ʊ ˈ ɪ ɪ
v.改进;使升级3 [ pɡre d]
n.升级;改善3 ˌʌ ˈ ɪ
- have to be upgraded不得不进行改进
- lack of upgrades缺乏升级
upgrade the design of vehicles升级机动车的设计
make the upgrade进行升级
upgrade medical facilities升级医疗设施
software upgrades软件升级
F improve [ mpru v] v.改善;改进 20
upgrades in the level of security ɪ ˈ ː
downgrade [ da nɡre d] v.使降级
安全级别的升级 ˌ ʊ ˈ ɪ
(二)名兼形( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
a common objective一个共同目标
objective9 [ bd ekt v] set realistic objectives确定切实可行的目标
★★☆ ə ˈ ʒ ɪ
accomplish ones objectives实现自己的目标
n.目标;目的5
the main/primary/principal objective
- achieve the objective实现目标
主要/首要/重要目标
desire·display·delay·upgrade·objective
68F goal [ɡ l] n.目标;目的 25 F unbiased [ nba st] a.公正的;不偏不倚的 1
əʊ ʌ ˈ ɪə
a.客观的;就事论事的4 subjective [s bd ekt v] a.主观的;主观上的
ə ˈ ʒ ɪ
- objective thinking客观思维 # objectively [ bd ekt vli] ad.客观地 1
ə ˈ ʒ ɪ
an objective analysis客观的分析 objectivity [ bd ekt v ti] n.客观性 1
ˌɒ ʒ ˈɪ ə
try tobeobjectiveandimpartial力图做到客观公正 objectiveness [ bd ekt vn s] n.客观性 1
ə ˈ ʒ ɪ ə
(三)动兼名( 词)
5
. 高中词( 词)
1 4
ahead of/behind schedule
shift12 [ ft] 先于/迟于工作计划
★★★ ʃɪ
v.改变;转向6
blame6 [ble m]
- shift sbs focus from A to B ★★☆ ɪ
使某人的注意力从A转向B v.责怪;把……归咎于5
shift the subject of conversation改变话题 - be to blame for sth(某人)对某事负有责任
shift the public attitudes towards... blame the unemployment on the manufacturing
改变公众对于……的态度 recession将失业归咎于制造业衰退
F change [t e nd ] v.改变;变换 52 blame a dropped cigarette for the fire
ʃ ɪ ʒ
n.转换;转变6 将火灾归咎于一根乱扔的烟
- a global shift in thought全球思想的转变 blame the accident on dangerous driving
a shift in the view of sth对某物看法的改变 把事故归咎于危险驾驶
require a corresponding shift n.责备;(坏事或错事的)责任1
需要作出相应改变 - shoulder the blame承担责任
a shift of emphasis重点的转移 take the blame for sth承担某事的责任
a dramatic shift in public opinion lay/put the blame for sth on sb
公众舆论的急剧变化 把某事归咎于某人
schedule7 [ sked u l] proceed3 [pr si d]
★★☆ ˈ ʒ ː ★☆☆ əˈ ː
v.安排;预定5 v.行进;前往2
- schedule in time to enjoy sth - proceed to London前往伦敦
安排时间享受某事 proceed toward the exits前往出口
schedule regular times for reading proceed slowly along the street
安排固定时间阅读 沿着街道缓缓行进
schedule a meeting/visit n. pl. 收入;收益1 [ pr si dz]
< > ˈ əʊ ː
安排一场会议/一次访问 - be financed from the proceeds of...
F arrange [ re nd ] v.安排;筹备 资金来源于……的收益
əˈ ɪ ʒ
# reschedule [ ri edju l] v.重新安排 1 yield impressive proceeds带来可观的收入
ˌ ːˈʃ ː
n.工作计划;日程安排2 donate a portion of the proceeds
- daily schedule每日计划 将一部分收益捐出
a tight/busy/full schedule F earnings [ n ŋz] n.利润;收益 3
ˈɜː ɪ
紧凑的日程安排 loss [l s] n.亏损;亏蚀
ɒ
shift·schedule·blame·proceed
69. 四级词( 词)
2 1
n.属性;特征2 [ ætr bju t]
ˈ ɪ ː
attribute3 [ tr bju t] - the attributes of greatness“伟大”一词的属性
★☆☆ əˈ ɪ ː
pay more for premium attributes
v. sth to... 把某事归因于……1
<~ > 为高端属性支付更多费用
- attribute A to B将A归因于B
the essential attributes基本属性
attribute sbs success to luck
the most important attributes in a teacher
将某人的成功归因于运气
教师最重要的特征
attribute sbs health problems to a poor diet
F quality [ kw l ti] n.特征;特质 10
将某人的健康问题归因于不良饮食 ˈ ɒə
(四)其他( 词)
5
. 高中词( 词)
1 3
# potentially [p ten li] ad.潜在地;可能地 2
əˈ ʃə
overall12
★★★
[
ˌəʊ
v
ə
r
ˈɔː
l] n.潜力;潜能3
- a waste of human potential对人类潜能的浪费
a.全面的;总体的9
the potential of regenerative products
- overall prices总体价格
可再生产品的潜力
overall energy level整体的精力水平
potential for coal production煤炭生产的潜力
overall infrastructure全部的基础设施
new employees with a lot of potential
reduce the overall expenses减少总开支
很有潜力的职场新人
an overall improvement in standards of living
生活水平的全面提高
the person with overall responsibility for the
equal3 [ i kw l]
★☆☆ ˈː ə
project项目的总负责人
v.等于;与……相等1
F general [ d enr l] a.总的;全体的 4
ˈ ʒ ə - Body Mass Index(BMI) equals body mass
ad.总体上;一般来说3
divided by the square of height.身高体重指数
- Overall,the benefits are going to outweigh those
(BMI)等于体重除以身高的平方。
costs.总体而言,益处将会超过那些代价。
make supply equal demand使供需相等
an overall useful instruction book
a.(大小、数量、价值等)相同的,相等的2
总体上有用的说明书
- attach equal importance to different genders
同等重视不同的性别
potential10 [p ten l] demonstrate equal curiosity about other views
★★☆ əˈ ʃ
对其他观点表现出同样的好奇心
a.潜在的;可能的7
be of equal significance同等重要的
- potential influence潜在的影响
an equal number of boys and girls
a potential solution to the problem
男女生的人数相等
解决这一问题的一个可能方案
F equivalent [ kw v l nt] a.等值的;相当的 3
potential customers潜在客户 ɪˈ ɪ əə
unequal [ ni kw l] a.不平等的;不均衡的
a potential source of conflict冲突的潜在根源 ʌ ˈː ə
# equally [ i kw li] ad.平均地;相等地 3
F possible [ p s bl] a.可能的;可能存在的 12 ˈː ə
ˈ ɒ ə
attribute·overall·potential·equal
70. 四级词( 词)
2 2
# association [ s ie n] n.协会;社团 6
əˌ əʊʃˈ ɪʃ
associate14 ★★★ [ əˈ s əʊʃ i ə t] associative [ əˈ s əʊʃ i ə t ɪ v] a.关联的;联想的 1
n. pl. 联合公司1
- a
<
real
>
estate broker with Gagliardo Realty
alert4 [ l t]
★☆☆ əˈɜː
Associates格力亚朵联合地产公司的房地产
n.警戒;警惕1
经纪人
- the heightened alert升级的警戒
work for some network associates
be on the alert for internet addiction
就职于某个网络联合公司
对网瘾保持警惕
a.副的;非正式的3
F caution [ k n] n.谨慎;小心 1
- an associate director副总监 ˈ ɔːʃ
a.警觉的;警惕的1
an associate professor副教授
- stay alert to serious symptoms such as chest
the associate director of the academy
pain对一些诸如胸痛等的严重症状保持警惕
学会的副主任
two alert policemen两个警觉的男警察
associate membership of the European Union
several ways to keep alert保持警惕的几种方法
欧盟的非正式会员身份
F watchful [ w t fl] a.警惕的;提防的
v. with 关联;联系10 [ s ie t] ˈ ɒʃ
<~ > əˈ əʊʃ ɪ v.使意识到;使认识到2
- be associated with strength与力量相关
- alert sb to important inequalities
stereotypes associated with obesity
使某人意识到(存在)重大的不平等性
与肥胖有关的刻板印象
alert sb to sbs responsibility
be associated with non⁃profit organizations
使某人认识到自己的责任
与非营利性组织相关联
alert the public about the severity of data leakage
associate flowers with spring
使公众意识到数据泄露的严重性
把花朵和春天联系在一起
F realise/⁃ize [ ri la z] v.认识到;意识到 5
F link [l ŋk] v.联系;连接 4 ˈ ːə ɪ
ɪ
四、多词性多词义( 词)
18
(一)名兼动( 词)
8
. 高中词( 词)
1 7
v. 估量,衡量(重要性、价值或影响等)6
①
measure18 [ me (r)] - be measured by such factors as grades
★★★ ˈ ʒə
以成绩等类似的指标进行衡量
n. 措施;举措9
① average happiness measured by Gallup polling
- employ measures采取措施
通过盖洛普民意测验调查得出的平均幸福指数
desperate measures孤注一掷的举措
measure the success of the campaign
safety/security measures安全/安保措施
估量这场运动的成败
标准;衡量1
② F assess [ ses] v.评估;评定 3
- by most measures从大多数标准来看 əˈ
测量;度量2
by any measure不管用什么标准(衡量) ②
The watch uses sensors to measure the wearers
measure of the damage损失的衡量标准
heart rate.该手表运用传感器测量佩戴者的心
F criterion [kra t ri n] n. pl. criteria 标准 5
ɪˈɪə ə < > 率。 ( The New York Times)
2023
associate·alert·measure
71 measure the speed of a car测量车速 proof of purchase购货凭证
measure a piece of land for development sale [se l] n.出售;销售 14
ɪ
测量一块用于开发的土地 购置物;购买的东西4
②
F gauge [ɡe d ] v.(用仪器)测量 - the most rewarding purchase最有意义的购得品
ɪ ʒ
# measurement [ me m nt] n.测量;度量 1 pay for ones purchases为自己购买的东西付款
ˈ ʒə ə
v.购买;采购1
It was purchased by a stamp collector.
range14 [re nd ]
★★★ ɪ ʒ 它被一位集邮者买了。 ( BBC)
2023
n. a of 一系列5 purchase tickets in advance提前购票
①< ~ >
- a range of behaviors一系列行为 purchase insurance online在网上买保险
a range of education achievement factors F buy [ba ] v.买;购买 22
ɪ
一系列学业成就指标
a range of technical problems一系列技术问题
damage10 [ dæm d ]
F series [ s ri z] n. a of 一系列 2 ★★☆ ˈ ɪ ʒ
ˈ ɪə ː < ~ >
(动植物的)生长区,分布区2 n. (有形的)损坏,破坏5
② ①
- the species historic range - ecological damage生态破坏
该物种的历史分布区域 reduce the damage of worms减少虫害
a range⁃wide management plan pay for the damage赔偿损失
(某物种的)分布区全域管理计划 (对感情或心理的)损害,伤害3
②
find out the range of the flower - do damage to As relationship with B
查明该花的分布区 损害A和B的关系
可行驶或飞行的距离1 emotional damage感情伤害
③
- A formation of birds might enjoy a range cause damage to interpersonal relationships
25
increase of %.一支由 只飞鸟组成的编 对人际关系造成破坏
71 25
队可能使其飞行距离增加 %。 F harm [hɑ m] n.伤害;损害 3
71 ː
short⁃range airlines短程航班 v.损害;破坏2
v.(在一定的范围内)变化,变动6 - damage habitat破坏栖息地
- range from to yearsold在 至 岁间变动 damage the ecology of western states
11 28 11 28
range froma glimpse of a photo to a five⁃minute 损害西部州的生态
interaction从“对照片的一瞥”到“长达五分钟 items that are damaged during shipping
的互动” 在运输中损坏的商品
range in size/length from A to B be extensively damaged in the earthquake
尺寸/长度在A到B间变动 在地震中遭到严重破坏
range from tourist class to luxury hotels F spoil [sp l] v.破坏;毁掉 2
ɔɪ
(住宿档次)从经济旅馆到豪华酒店不等 # damaging [ dæmd ŋ] a.有害的;造成破坏的 1
ˈ ɪ ʒɪ
F vary [ ve ri] v.变化;变更 2
ˈ ə
feature9 [ fi t (r)]
★★☆ ˈ ːʃə
purchase12 [ p t s]
★★★ ˈ ɜːʃə
n.特征;特点7
n. 购买;采购7 - facial features面部特征
①
- home purchases房屋购买 an essential feature of newspapers
the purchase of the grocery chain Whole Foods 报纸必不可少的一项特征
对连锁食品店Whole Foods的收购 explore the cultural features of an ethnic group
make a purchase采购 探究某一族群的文化特点
range·purchase·damage·feature
72F characteristic [ kær kt r st k] n.特征;特点 4 signal the end of sbs political career
ˌ ə əˈ ɪ ɪ
v. 以……为特色1 预示某人政治生涯的结束
①
- A is featured as B A以B为特色 F indicate [ nd ke t] v.表明;标示 6
ˈɪ ɪ ɪ
a store featuring self⁃service 表达;表示1
②
以自助服务为特点的商店 - signal ones desire to protect the environment
起重要作用;占重要地位1 表达自己想保护环境的愿望
②
- Parks feature, particularly in the earlier works. signalthewillingnesstoembracenewtechnologies
公园(在大地艺术中)占有重要地位,尤其是 表达接受新技术的意愿
在早期作品中。 F express [ kspres] v.表达;表露 5
ɪ ˈ
feature prominently in the experiment analysis suppress [s pres] v.抑制;控制 3
əˈ
在实验分析中占据重要地位
chain7 [t e n]
★★☆ ʃ ɪ
signal9 [ s ɡn l]
★★☆ ˈ ɪ ə n. 连锁店2
①
n. 信号;暗号6 - the grocery chain连锁食品店
①
- choose what signals to read a supermarket chain连锁超市
选择去解读哪些信号 一系列,一连串(人或物)2
②
complex interplay of subtle signals - supply chains供应链
不易察觉的各种信号之间的复杂作用 the food chain食品(供应)链
be alert to emergency signals mountain chains山脉
对紧急信号保持警觉 a chain of events一连串事件
(电波)信号1 F string [str ŋ] n.一系列;一连串 1
② ɪ
- without a signal on a subway 链条;锁链2
③
地铁上没有一点信号 - a bike chain自行车链条
pick up radar signals探测到雷达信号 a heavy steel chain一根沉重的钢链
digital signal processing数字信号处理 v.用锁链拴住1
v. 标志;预示1 - be chained to sth受到某物的束缚
①
- signal danger预示危险 chain the bicycle to the gate
signal the start of a new era 把自行车锁在大门上
标志着新纪元的开始 F bind [ba nd] v.系;捆绑
ɪ
. 四级词( 词)
2 1
the scale of the typical housing project
scale10 [ske l] 典型住房项目的规模
★★☆ ɪ
benefit from economies of scale
n. 天平;体重秤4
① 从规模经济中获益
- obsess over the scale
F size [sa z] n.规模;大小 4
过分担心体重秤(上的数字) ɪ
量表1
lower the number on the scale ③
- the attractiveness scale吸引力量表
降低体重秤上的数字
intelligence scale智力量表
a counter scale柜台秤
v.调节大小;缩放比例2
a set of kitchen scales一套厨房用秤
- a relatively modestly scaled exhibition
规模;范围3
② 规模相对适中的展览
- large⁃scale public grants大规模公共拨款
scale down the budget削减预算
signal·chain·scale
73(二)名兼形( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
calculate the mass of a planet
mass9 [mæs] 计算一个行星的质量
★★☆
F weight [we t] n.重量;分量 10
n. the es 群众;平民百姓4 ɪ
①< ~ > a.民众的;大众的2
- the story of the masses人民大众的历史
- focus on mass competition聚焦大众比赛
bring science to the masses
mass education大众教育
向大众普及科学知识
a mass medium大众传媒
质量3
② F public [ p bl k] a.平民的;大众的 34
- muscle mass肌肉重量 ˈ ʌ ɪ
(三)动兼名( 词)
8
. 高中词( 词)
1 8
approach21 [ pr t ] rate21 [re t]
★★★ əˈ əʊʃ ★★★ ɪ
v. 对付;着手处理(或研究)2 v.评估;认为6
①
- approach the past研究过去 - rate each childs overall sympathy level
approach life with calm and caution 评估每个孩子的总体同情心水平
沉着而审慎地对待生活 rate oneself as above average in leadership
the best way of approaching this problem 自认为领导力高于常人
处理这个问题的最佳方式 rate sth a hit认为某事物很受欢迎
F address [ dres] v.处理;对付 9 rate the show as a success
əˈ
(在距离或时间上)靠近,接近1 认为这次演出是成功的
②
- Please dont approach me.请不要靠近我。 F evaluate [ væljue t] v.评价;评估
ɪˈ ɪ
an approaching car一辆正在驶近的汽车 # rating [ re t ŋ] n.评分;评定结果 3
ˈ ɪɪ
approach the baby cautiously n. 率;比率12
①
小心翼翼地靠近婴儿 - unemployment rates失业率
n.(待人接物或思考问题的)方式,方法18 a high divorce rate高离婚率
- reform the learning approach改进学习方式 rising rates of mortality不断增长的死亡率
a cost⁃effective approach the rate of forest coverage森林覆盖率
一个有成本效益的方法 a high success/failure rate很高的成功/失败率
take a more naturalistic approach 费率;费用1
②
采取更贴近自然的方法 - corporate⁃tax rates企业税率
approaches to getting more done in less time exchange/interest rates汇率/利率
在更短时间里完成更多工作的方法 a rise in the insurance rate保险费率的上涨
take the wrong approach 速度;进度1
③
采取错误的方式 - fall at an accelerating rate加速下降
adopt a different approach the rate of economic growth经济增长的速度
采取另外一种方式 drive at the rate of kilometres an hour
40
F way [we ] n.方法;手段 67 以每小时 公里的速度开车
ɪ 40
mass·approach·rate
74at any 无论如何;不管怎样1 make a significant advance取得重大进展
④< ~>
At any rate, he has nowhere to go.无论如何, recent advances in cancer treatment
他都无处可去。 ( The New York Times) 癌症治疗的最新进展
2016
Thats one good piece of news at any rate. F progress [ pr ɡres] n.进展;进步 5
ˈ əʊ
不管怎样,那是个好消息。 in 预先;提前2
②< ~>
- plan ones weeks menu in advance
提前规划好自己每周的菜单
issue20 [ u ]
★★★ ˈɪʃ ː
call in advance to make an appointment
v. 发放;发给3 事先打电话预约
①
- a license issued by the government
由政府发放的许可证
limit14 [ l m t]
issue work permits to researchers ★★★ ˈɪ ɪ
给研究人员发放工作许可证 v. 限制;限定5
①
# issuer [ u (r)] n.发行人;发行者 1 - limit Big Techs expansion
ˈɪʃ ːə
宣布;发出3 限制科技巨头的扩张
②
- issue a warning发布一项警告 limit sponsorship of sports events by sb
issue a call to voluntary action 限制某人对体育赛事的赞助
发出一项自愿行动的号召 limit carbon dioxide emissions from cars
issue an appeal for protecting data security 限制汽车的二氧化碳的排放
发起保护数据安全的倡议 限量;减量2
②
F announce [ na ns] v.宣布;宣告 6 - be limited to , 被限制在 . 万以内
əˈ ʊ 66 000 6 6
n.问题;重要议题14 limit sbs talk to ten minutes
- engineering issues工程问题 让某人在十分钟内结束讲话
cope with security issues应对安全问题 n.限量;限额7
an important issue of sustainable development - age limit年龄限制
关于可持续发展的重要议题 special low speed limits特殊的低速限制
specific limits on home extensions
对房屋扩建的特定限制
advance18 [ dvɑ ns]
★★★ ə ˈ ː
a time limit时间限额
v. 促进;推动3 set strict limits作出严格限定
①
- advance a common objective推进共同的目标
advance the cause of peace推动和平事业(的发展)
process14 [ pr ses]
F further [ f (r)] v.促进;增进 8 ★★★ ˈ əʊ
ˈ ɜːðə
hinder [ h nd (r)] v.阻碍;妨碍 2 v.处理(信息)2
ˈ ɪ ə
(知识、技术等)发展,进步3 - have a lot of information to process
②
- advance economically在经济上取得发展 有很多信息要处理
advance considerably突飞猛进 process data处理数据
keep up with advancing technology F dispose [d sp z] v.安排;处理
ɪˈ əʊ
跟上迅速发展的技术 n. 过程;进程10
①
F progress [pr ɡres] v.进步;进展 3 - the decision⁃making process决策过程
əˈ
# advanced [ dvɑ nst] a.先进的 3 transform sbs thought processes
ə ˈ ː
n. 进展;发展10 转换某人的思维过程
①
- agriculture advances农业的发展 an automatic psychological process
new scientific advances新的科学进步 自动心理过程
issue·advance·limit·process
75 explain the experiment process F approval [ pru vl] n.赞成;同意 2
əˈ ː
阐明实验过程 disfavo(u)r [d sfe v (r)] n.不赞成
ɪ ˈ ɪ ə
the process of economic change 优惠;特殊照顾1
②
经济变革的进程 - be treated with economic favors
F course [k s] n.进展;进程 3 被给予经济上的优惠
ɔː
步骤;程序2 grant favors to friends给朋友以特殊照顾
②
- guide users through opt⁃out processes 恩惠;帮助1
③
指导用户完成退出程序 - return the favour报答恩惠
develop a new process of printing do sb a favour帮某人的忙
创造一种新的印刷工序 ask sb a favour请某人帮忙
F procedure [pr si d (r)] n.程序;手续 4
əˈ ː ʒə
charge4 [t ɑ d ]
★☆☆ ʃ ː ʒ
favo(u)r11 [ fe v (r)]
★★★ ˈ ɪ ə v. 充电1
①
v. 选择;较喜欢3 - have charging points for electric vehicles
①
- favor communities with more public services 有电动汽车充电点
较喜欢公共服务更多的社区 charge the battery给电池充电
favor black shirts更喜欢黑色的衬衣 have the phone fully charged
F prefer [pr f (r)] v.较喜欢;更喜欢 6 给手机充满电
ɪˈ ɜː
支持;赞成2 使饱和;使充满1
② ②
- favour French interference支持法国的干涉 - be politically charged充满政治色彩
favour the tax cuts支持减税 be charged with perfume香气弥漫
F approve [ pru v] v.赞成;同意 1 speak in a voice charged with anger
əˈ ː
object [ bd ekt] v.反对;不赞成 2 以充满愤怒的嗓音讲话
ə ˈ ʒ
n. 支持;赞成4 F fill [f l] v.充满;装满 5
① ɪ
- in favor of the gap year支持间隔年 n.掌管;职责2
vote in favor of the ban投票赞成这项禁令 - in charge of...负责/主管……
find favour with local people take charge of the school掌管学校
得到当地人的支持 the charge of the police警察的职责
(四)形兼名( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
n. 倡议;新方案2
①
initiative5 [ n t v] - propose a new initiative提出一项新方案
★☆☆ ɪˈ ɪʃəɪ
a government initiative to combat pollution
a.初始的;最初的1
政府应对污染问题的新方案
- an initiative push toward...
F proposal [pr p zl] n.提议;建议 4
朝着……迈出的第一步 əˈ əʊ
主动性;积极性2
an initiative proposal最初的提议 ②
- take initiative发挥主动性
the initiative phase in the reform改革最初的阶段
complete the fieldwork on ones own initiative
F initial [ n l] a.最初的;开始的 2
ɪˈ ɪʃ 独自一人主动完成实地考察
final [ fa nl] a.最终的;最后的 3
ˈ ɪ
favo(u)r·charge·initiative
76第二节 完形 阅读 阅读 ( 词)
+ A+ C 27
一、单词性单词义( 词)
13
(一)名词( 词)
6
. 高中词( 词)
1 4
experiment14 [ ksper m nt] majority7 [m d r ti]
★★★ ɪ ˈ ɪ ə ★★☆ əˈ ʒɒ ə
n.实验;试验14 n.大部分;大多数7
- scientific experiments科学实验 - a majority of states大部分州
during the experiment在实验过程中 like the majority of authors和大多数作家一样
a previous experiment先前的一项实验 the overwhelming majority of patients
a series of four experiments 绝大多数患者
一连串的四项实验 the vast majority of lawsuits绝大多数诉讼
experiments on sleep关于睡眠的实验 minority [ma n r ti] n.少数;小部分
ɪˈ ɒ ə
do some experiments with magnets
用磁铁做一些实验
passion7 [ pæ n]
# experimental [ ksper mentl] a.试验性的 1 ★★☆ ˈ ʃ
ɪ ˌ ɪˈ
n.激情;强烈情感7
- terms like journey, mission, passion
concept11 [ k nsept]
★★★ ˈ ɒ “旅程”“使命”“激情”这样的词汇
n.概念;观念11 throw oneself into a hobby or a passion project
- the designing concept设计理念 全身心投入到某个爱好或激情计划当中
the concept of retirement/employment bring together greed, passion and controversy
退休/在业的观念 把贪婪、激情和争议汇集在一起
the concept of infinite space the passion of employees员工的激情
无穷宇宙的概念 F enthusiasm [ n ju ziæz m] n.热情;热忱 2
ɪ ˈ ː ə
grasp the basic concepts of mathematics indifference [ ndfr ns] n.漠不关心;不感兴趣 3
ɪ ˈ ɪ ə
掌握数学的基本概念 # passionate [ pæ n t] a.情绪激昂的 1
ˈ ʃə ə
# conceptual [k nsept u l] a.概念(上)的 5 passionately [ pæ n tli] ad.狂热地;强烈地 1
ə ˈ ʃ ə ˈ ʃə ə
. 考研词( 词)
2 2
assess the emotional stability of participants
participant15 [pɑ t s p nt] 评估参与者的情绪稳定性
★★★ ːˈɪ ɪ ə
improvement in participants drinking habits
n.参与者;受试者15
参与者饮酒习惯的改善
- half of the participants一半的参与者
F subject [ s bd kt] n.实验对象;接受试验者 3
another set of participants ˈ ʌ ʒɪ
另一组参与者
participants who follow this instruction improvement7 [ mpru vm nt]
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ː ə
遵从这项指令的参与者
energetic participants in a global economy n.改善;改进7
全球经济的积极参与者 - make improvements做出改进
experiment·concept·majority·passion·participant·improvement
77keep sb on course for improvement the improvements of the treatment of scientific
让某人不断取得进步 researchers科研人员的待遇(得到)改善
deliver some improvements to air quality F advancement [ dv nsm nt] n.提高;改善
ə ˈ ː ə
实现对空气质量的一些改善 deterioration [d t ri re n] n.恶化;退化
ɪˌɪə əˈ ɪʃ
(二)动词( 词)
7
. 高中词( 词)
1 6
explore7 [ kspl (r)] recall5 [r k l]
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ɔː ★☆☆ ɪˈ ɔː
v.探索;探讨7 v.记起;回忆起5
- explore consequences first先探讨后果 - recall the information回忆信息
explore reasons for the unemployment recall the day sbs grandfather died
探索失业的原因 回想起某人祖父去世的那一天
explore teenagers social responsibilities recall the layout of the lab回想实验室的布局
探讨青少年的社会责任 recall meeting sb before回忆起曾经见过某人
explore various possibilities探讨各种可能性 F remember [r memb (r)] v.记起;回想起
ɪˈ ə
explore the controversial issues
探讨有争议的问题 compete4 [k mpi t]
★☆☆ ə ˈ ː
F examine [ ɡzæm n] v.调查;考查 2
ɪ ˈ ɪ
v.竞争;对抗4
- compete for the leading position
analyse/⁃yze5 [ æn la z]
为获得领导地位而竞争
★☆☆ ˈ ə ɪ
compete with other creative personalities
v.分析5
与其他有创造力的人士竞争
- analyze information in detail详细分析信息
compete with a future army of programmers
analyze the weak lecture分析讲得不好的课
与未来的程序员大军竞争
be analyzed statistically进行(数据)统计分析
compete with sb on price在价格上与某人竞争
analyze the results of the study分析研究结果
F contend [k ntend] v.竞争;争夺
keep gathering and analyzing data ə ˈ
# competition [ k mp t n] n. 竞争;角逐 13
持续收集和分析资料 ˌ ɒ əˈɪʃ ①
比赛;竞赛
1
# analyst [ æn l st] n.分析者;化验员 1 ②
ˈ əɪ competitor [k mpet t (r)] n.对手;竞争者 4
ə ˈ ɪə
competent [ k mp t nt] a.有能力的 1
ˈ ɒ ɪə
monitor5 [ m n t (r)] competitive [k mpet t v] a.有竞争力的 1
★☆☆ ˈ ɒ ɪə ə ˈ əɪ
uncompetitive [ nk mpet t v] a.无竞争力的 1
ˌʌ ə ˈ əɪ
v.监控;监督5 competitiveness [k mpet t vn s] n.竞争力 1
ə ˈ əɪ ə
- support the monitoring job支持监督工作
the job of monitoring progress
perceive3 [p si v]
监督进程的职责 ★☆☆ əˈ ː
monitor sbs efficiency v.认为;将……视为3
监控某人的(工作)效率 - what sb perceives is going to be more dangerous
monitor the situation closely密切关注局势 某人认为会更危险的事物
monitor cyber security threats perceive the social robot rat as a genuine social
监控网络安全威胁 being将好交际的机器鼠视为真的社交生物
explore·analyse/⁃yze·monitor·recall·compete·perceive
78 be perceived as a major breakthrough in F regard [r ɡɑ d] v.看待;把……视为 9
ɪˈ ː
physics被视为物理学上的重大突破 # perception [p sep n] n.认知;看法 4
əˈ ʃ
. 六级词( 词)
2 1
allocate attention分配注意力
allocate3 [ æl ke t] allocate tasks among...在……当中分派任务
★☆☆ ˈ ə ɪ
allocate resources to local communities
v.拨,分配……(给)3
将资源分配给地方社区
- allocate only $ billion a year to...
3 F distribute [d str bju t] v.分发;分配 1
每年仅向……拨款 亿美元 ɪˈ ɪ ː
30
二、单词性多词义( 词)
12
(一)名词( 词)
5
. 高中词( 词)
1 4
no immediate prospect of peace
memory19 [ mem ri] 短期内没有和平的可能
★★★ ˈ ə
offer a prospect of continuous development
n. 记性;记忆力18
① 提供持续发展的可能性
- memory exercise记忆训练
F possibility [ p s b l ti] n.可能;可能性 4
powerful memory强大的记忆力 ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪə
impossibility [ mp s b l ti] n.不可能 1
lessen sbs memory burdens ɪ ˌ ɒ əˈ ɪə
减轻某人的记忆负担 ③
展望;设想1
- the prospect of communicating with a stranger
keep sbs memory from failing
与陌生人交流的设想
防止某人记忆衰退
an exciting prospect一个令人兴奋的设想
lose ones memory丧失记忆力
the prospect of starting a company
short⁃term/long⁃term memory短期/长期记忆
创办公司的设想
# memorise/⁃ize [ mem ra z] v.记忆;记住 1
ˈ ə ɪ
回忆;记住的事情1
②
- think of a sad memory belief6 [b li f]
★★☆ ɪˈ ː
回想起一件悲伤的事情
bring back lots of good memories
n. 看法;信念5
①
唤起许多美好的回忆 - sbs core beliefs about kids psychological
F recollection [ rek lek n] n.往事;回忆的事
development某人对儿童心理发展的核心看法
ˌ əˈ ʃ
Much of the time,however,this belief is false.
然而,很多时候这种看法是错的。
prospect8 [ pr spekt]
★★☆ ˈ ɒ the prevailing belief流行的看法
n. 前景;成功的机会6 F notion [ n n] n.看法;观念 1
① ˈ əʊʃ
- career/market prospects职业/市场前景 相信;信心1
②
lower prospects for success成功的机会更渺茫 - run counter to sbs belief in sth
the poor prospects for the industry 有悖于某人所笃信的某事
该行业渺茫的前景 belief in democracy对民主的笃信
希望;可能性1 F faith [fe ] n.相信;信心 2
② ɪ
- raise the prospect of...燃起……的希望 disbelief [ d sb li f] n.不信;怀疑
ˌ ɪ ɪˈ ː
allocate·memory·prospect·belief
79 have different personalities性格各不相同
personality4 ★☆☆ [ ˌ p ɜː s əˈ næl ə ti] character [ ˈ kær ə kt ə (r)] n.性格 1
性格鲜明的人;有突出个性的人1
n. 性格;个性3 ②
① - creative personalities有创造力的人
- American personalities美国人的性格
a dynamic personality充满活力的人
opposite personality traits对立的个性特征
. 四级词( 词)
2 1
see the issue from a different perspective
perspective4 [p spekt v] 从不同的角度看待这件事
★☆☆ əˈ ɪ
F viewpoint [ vju p nt] n.观点;角度 1
n. 视角;观点3 ˈ ː ɔɪ
① 客观判断力;权衡轻重的能力1
- from a public expenditure perspective ②
- put things into perspective客观判断形势
从公共支出的视角看
get some perspective on sth
the kind of fresh perspective sb needs
对某事有客观的认识
某人所需的那种全新视角
lose all sense of perspective
a much⁃needed historical perspective
失掉一切客观判断的能力
非常必要的历史角度
(二)动词( 词)
7
. 高中词( 词)
1 4
maintain9 [me nte n] deliver7 [d l v (r)]
★★☆ ɪ ˈ ɪ ★★☆ ɪˈɪ ə
v. 维持;保持5 v. 递送;传送5
① ①
- maintain patience保持耐心 - deliver results to users把结果传输给用户
maintain emotional control保持情绪控制力 deliver works of art to the market
maintain contact with sb与某人保持联系 将艺术品推向市场
maintain a high ethical standard deliver supplies运送物资
保持高的道德标准 deliver the leaflets to every household
F retain [r te n] v.保持;持有 2 将传单送到每家每户
ɪˈ ɪ
维修;保养3 # delivery [d l v ri] n.递送;传送 3
② ɪˈɪ ə
- poorly maintained infrastructure 讲;发表1
②
维护不善的基础设施 - deliver lessons for high⁃schoolers
be well maintained保养得很好 为高中生上课
maintain teaching equipment维修教学设备 deliver a speech with passion
F preserve [pr z v] v.保存;保养 3 激情洋溢地发表演讲
ɪˈ ɜː
坚持(意见);固执己见1 deliver a lecture on starting a business
③
Ministers maintain the bill will be passed. 上一堂创业课
部长们坚持认为该法案将获得通过。 ( 实现;兑现(诺言)1
2023 ③
BBC) - deliver some improvements to air quality
maintain the principle坚持原则 实现对空气质量的一些改善
F insist [ ns st] v.坚持说;固执己见 3 deliver election commitments兑现竞选承诺
ɪ ˈ ɪ
personality·perspective·maintain·deliver
80determine6 [d t m n] strike5 [stra k]
★★☆ ɪˈɜː ɪ ★☆☆ ɪ
v. 确定;安排2 v. a balance 达到平衡2
① ①<~ >
- determine sbs length of focus time - involve striking a subtle balance
确定某人的专注时长 需要达成一种微妙的平衡
determine the research objective确定研究目标 strike a balance between order and freedom
F settle [ setl] v.确定;安排好 4 在秩序和自由之间取得平衡
ˈ
决定;形成2 突然想到;猛地意识到2
② ②
- be determined by a suit related to the issue - He is struck that his parents could provide a
取决于和该问题相关的案件 comfortable life.他猛然发现,他的父母能提
be genetically determined由遗传基因决定 供宽裕的生活。
# determined [d t m nd] a.坚决的;坚定的 1 it strikes sb that...某人突然意识到……
ɪˈɜː ɪ
predetermine [ pri d t m n] v.预先决定 1 up sth 开始(交谈);建立(关系)1
ˌ ː ɪˈɜː ɪ ③<~ >
查明;测定2 - strike up a conversation with someone
③
- be hard to determine难以测定 与某人攀谈
determine the causes of disease查明疾病的诱因 strike up a friendship with sb
determine the ships position查明船的位置 与某人建立友谊
. 四级词( 词)
2 3
avoid interacting with other human beings
perform10 [p f m] 避免和其他人交流
★★☆ əˈ ɔː
interact with other scientists at the seminar room
v. 表现,运转(好/不好)5
① 在研讨室和其他科学家互动交流
- perform well on the tests在考试中表现良好
F communicate [k mju n ke t] v.交流;沟通 2
perform worse in lawsuits在诉讼中表现更糟 əˈ ː ɪ ɪ
# interaction [ nt ræk n] n.交流;互动 7
perform best under pressure ˌɪ ə ˈ ʃ
在压力之下表现得最好 ②
相互影响;相互作用1
- Firms are now studying how genes interact.
# performance [p f m ns] n. 表现 4 表演 1
əˈɔː ə ① ② 各企业当前正在研究基因间如何相互作用。
履行;执行4
② interact with the skins natural chemicals
- perform domestic duties履行家庭职责
和皮肤(上)的天然化学物质相互作用
be performed by innovative minds
# interaction [ nt ræk n] n.相互影响;
由具有创新思想的人去执行
ˌɪ ə ˈ ʃ
相互作用
perform very predictable activities 2
执行高度可预测的行动
perform a variety of tasks执行多项工作 capture3 [ kæpt (r)]
★☆☆ ˈ ʃə
演出;表演1
③
- be created to be performed out loud v. 引起(注意、想象、兴趣)2
①
(诗歌是)为了大声朗诵而创作 - capture a reader吸引读者
perform magic tricks表演魔术 try to capture sbs attention
试图吸引某人的注意
capture the interest of teenagers
interact5 [ nt rækt]
★☆☆ ˌɪ ə ˈ 引起青少年的兴趣
v. 交流;沟通4 use toys to capture the imagination of younger
①
- interact with strangers与陌生人交流 audiences用玩具来引发小观众的想象力
determine·strike·perform·interact·capture
81攻取;攻占1 capture a city攻占一座城市
②
- be captured or liberated areas captured by invaders被入侵者占领的地区
被攻占或解放 F occupy [ kjupa ] v.占领;占据
ˈɒ ɪ
三、多词性单词义( 词)
2
(一)名兼动( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
v.实行;建立2
institute4 [ nst tju t] - institute weight loss and fitness initiatives
★☆☆ ˈɪ ɪ ː
实行减肥和健身计划
n.机构;研究院2
institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner
- the Food Marketing Institute
table立下一条餐桌上“不许看书的规矩”
食品营销研究院
institute regulations concerning sbs diet
found an institute成立一家研究院
制定有关某人饮食的规定
a non⁃profit institute一家非营利机构
F establish [ stæbl ] v.建立;创立 7
F organisation/⁃zation [ ɡ na ze n] ɪˈ ɪʃ
ˌɔː ə ɪˈ ɪʃ # institution [ nst tju n] n.建立;设立 1
n.组织;机构
10
ˌɪ ɪˈ ːʃ
(二)动兼名( 词)
1
. 四级词( 词)
1 1
# commuter [k mjut (r)] n.上下班往返的人 4
əˈ ːə
commute4
★☆☆
[k
əˈ
mju
ː
t] n.上下班路程3
- shorten sbs commutes缩短某人的上下班路程
v.通勤;经常往返(于两地)1
These commuteswere reportedly more enjoyable.
She was commuting to Russia to teach.
据称,这些上下班路程是更愉快的。
她通勤去俄罗斯教书。 ( BBC)
2023 a two⁃hour commute两小时的上下班路程
commute between A and B往返于A与B之间
第三节 完形 阅读 阅读 ( 词)
+ B+ C 3
一、单词性单词义( 词)
2
(一)名词( 词)
1
. 四级词( 词)
1 1
a development scheme
scheme3 [ski m] 一项发展计划
★☆☆ ː
a new scheme to boost exports
n.计划;方案3
一项用来促进出口的新计划
- the grand scheme of life人生大计
F program(me) [ pr ɡræm] n.计划;方案 11
the youth coaching scheme青年培训方案 ˈ əʊ
institute·commute·scheme
82(二)动词( 词)
1
. 四级词( 词)
1 1
He had such a pleasant, readable style that one
imitate4 [ m te t] might think that anyone could imitate it.他的
★☆☆ ˈɪ ɪ ɪ
作品风格欢快易读,让人觉得谁都可以模仿。
v.模仿;仿效4
a model for sb to imitate某人仿效的典范
- epochal figures whose lives are hard to imitate
imitate other artists painting模仿其他画家的画作
人生难以被模仿的划时代人物
二、多词性单词义( 词)
1
(一)名兼动( 词)
1
. 高中词( 词)
1 1
F lesson [ lesn] n.课;课程 5
ˈ
lecture7
★★☆
[
ˈ
lekt
ʃə
(r)] v.说教;告诫2
- “Lecturing” was an effective way.
n.讲座;讲课5
“说教”是一种有效的方式。
- give a bad lecture一次课没讲好
stop lecturing sb停止说教某人
analyze the weak lecture分析讲得不好的课
lecture sb for sth因某事告诫某人
attend a series of lectures参加一系列讲座
lecture the kids on the importance of honesty
lectures from international experts
告诫孩子们诚实的重要性
国际专家开办的讲座
imitate·lecture
83