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第五章 写作表达积累
第一单元 话题常用词汇
第一节 社会生活( 词)
25
一、 社会发展( 词)
16
society [s sa ti] economy [ k n mi]
əˈ ɪə ɪˈ ɒ ə
n.社会 n.经济
introduce policies that benefit society as a thanks to Chinas stable/booming economy
whole 推行造福全社会的政策 得益于中国稳定/繁荣的经济
Advances in digital technology are deeply develop policies to stimulate domestic
influencing modern society. economy 制定政策以刺激国内经济
数字技术的发展正深刻影响着现代社会。 # economic a.经济的(as a result of Chinas
6 social a. 社会的(corrupt morals 败坏社会 fast growth 由于中国经济的迅速发展;
① ~
~
风气); 社交的(have an active life 社交生
promote cooperation between countries 促进
② ~
活丰富;develop skills 培养社交能力) ~
国家之间的经济合作)
~
socially ad. 在 社 会 上 ( unacceptable
~
behavior 社会上不被接受的行为; help
development [d vel pm nt]
children from disadvantaged families 帮助 ɪˈ ə ə
~
来自社会弱势家庭的儿童)
n.发展
community n.社会(The international must
~ place a high value on innovation⁃driven
work together to deal with global challenges.国
development 非常重视创新驱动发展
际社会必须通力合作以应对全球性的挑战。)
promote the development of creative
thinking skills 促进创新思维能力的发展
urban [ b n]
Schools should encourage the full
ˈɜː ə
development of a students talents.
a.城市的
学校应鼓励学生全面发展才能。
a sharp rise/increase in urban population
6 growth n.增长;发展(a huge area/industry
城市人口的激增 ~
一个高速发展的领域/行业)
migrate from rural to urban areas in search of
progress n.进步(make remarkable in fighting
work 为了找工作从农村移居到城市
~
poverty 在抗击贫困上取得显著进展)
Young people prefer urban living despite its
rising cost.尽管成本在不断上升,年轻人仍
advance n.发展;进步(rapid in science and
~
青睐城市生活。 technology 科技的迅猛发展)
# urbanization n.城市化(challenges caused by
rapid 快速城市化带来的挑战) gap [ɡæp]
~
6 city n.城市
(enjoy exploring a 享受探索城市的乐趣) n.差距;隔阂
~
rural a.乡村的 an activity that helps narrow the culture/
(support education 支持乡村教育) cultural gap 有助于缩小文化差异的活动
~
society·urban·economy·development·gap
232The gap between (the) rich and (the) poor
environment [ nva r nm nt]
is still widening.贫富差距仍在拉大。
ɪ ˈ ɪ ə ə
Mutual understanding is the key to closing/
n. the 自然环境;生态环境
bridging the generation gap. < ~>
avoid polluting the environment
相互理解是消除代沟的关键。
避免污染自然环境
measures to protect/preserve the environment
technology [tekn l d i] 保护自然环境的措施
ˈ ɒə ʒ
# environmental a.自然环境的(raise awareness
n.技术;科技 ~
among the public 提升公众的环保意识)
apply digital technology to the classroom
environmentally ad.在环境方面(develop
将数字技术应用于课堂 ~
friendly products 开发环保产品)
invest heavily in energy⁃saving technology
6 ecological a.生态的(harm/upset the balance
大力投资节能技术 ~
of an area 破坏某地区的生态平衡)
# technological a.技术的(an era of rapid
~ ecosystem n.生态系统(disrupt the delicate/
change 技术变革迅猛的时代)
fragile 破坏脆弱的生态系统)
6 technical a.技术的(provide students with ~
~
training 为学生提供技术培训)
pollution [p lu n]
əˈ ːʃ
Internet [ nt net] n.污染
ˈɪ ə
control air/water/environmental pollution
n.互联网
治理空气/水/环境污染
on the Internet 在网上
cut/reduce plastic/chemical/industrial pollution
be addicted to the Internet 沉迷网络 减少塑料/化学/工业污染
6 online a.在线的(Online learning has been on 6 pollute v. 污染 ( the air/water supply/
~
the rise.在线学习呈上升趋势。) environment 污染空气/供水/环境)
addiction n.瘾(smartphone/social media 智 pollutant n.污染物(cut/reduce emissions of
~
能手机/社交媒体成瘾) s 减少污染物的排放)
~
digital [ d d tl] resource [r s s]
ˈ ɪ ʒɪ ɪˈ ɔː
a.数字(化)的 n.资源
keep abreast of the digital revolution a great way to utilize renewable resources
紧跟数字化革命的步伐 一种利用可再生资源的好方法
close/narrow/bridge the digital gap/divide save/conserve water/energy/marine resources
缩小/弥合数字鸿沟 节约水资源/能源/海洋资源
promote sustainable exploitation of natural
virtual [ v t u l] resources 推动自然资源的可持续开发
ˈ ɜːʃ ə
6 energy n.能源(save/conserve 节能;green/
~
a.虚拟的 renewable 绿色/可再生能源)
~
take a virtual tour of a campus/museum recycle v.回收利用( waste paper/plastic
~
对校园/博物馆进行虚拟游览 bottles 回收废纸/塑料瓶)
be immersed in a virtual world/community wildlife n. 野 生 动 植 物 (protect native/
沉浸于虚拟世界/社区 endangered 保护本土/濒危野生物种)
~
technology·Internet·digital·virtual·environment·pollution·resource
233extinction n.灭绝(save endangered species # cultural a.文化的(protect/preserve our
~
from 拯救濒危物种以防灭绝) heritages 保护我们的文化遗产)
~
balance [ bæl ns] tradition [tr d n]
ˈ ə əˈ ɪʃ
n.平衡;均衡 n.传统
maintain the fragile ecological balance keep old/ancient artistic traditions alive
维持脆弱的生态平衡 将古老的艺术传统延续下去
keep a balance between tradition and modernity cherish Chinas unique cultural traditions
兼顾传统和现代 珍惜中国独特的文化传统
v.同等重视;使平衡 # traditional a.传统的
balance work and personal interests (preserve values 维护传统价值观)
~
兼顾工作与个人兴趣 6 custom n.习俗(respect and preserve local s
~
balance career and home/family life 尊重并保护地方风俗)
兼顾事业与家庭生活
# balanced a.平衡的 exchange [ kst e nd ]
(stick to a diet/meal 坚持均衡饮食) ɪ ˈʃ ɪ ʒ
~
n.交换;交流
culture [ k lt (r)] expand/broaden academic/cultural exchanges
ˈ ʌ ʃə 拓展学术/文化交流
n.文化 have an exchange of ideas with senior
meet people from different cultures professionals 与资深专家交流想法
结识不同文化背景的人 v.交换;交流
suffer from/overcome (a) culture shock exchange ideas/views with leading scholars
遭受/克服文化冲击 与顶尖学者交流想法/意见
二、个人生活( 词)
9
# interested a.感兴趣的(remain in what we
~
life [la f] do at work 保持对工作的兴趣)
ɪ
interesting a.有趣的(make classes more for
n. 生活经历 students 使课堂对学生而言更有趣) ~
①
therapidpaceofmodernlife现代生活的快节奏 业余爱好
②
Never let your work dominate your life. develop/explore leisure interests
永远不要让工作支配你的生活。 发展/探索业余爱好
(某种方式的)生活 pursue ones varied/diverse interests
②
pursue a better/higher quality of life 追求自己多种多样的爱好
追求更高质量的生活 6 hobby n.业余爱好(find time to pursue ones
hobbies找时间发展自己的业余爱好)
live/lead a full/meaningful/colorful life
过充实/有意义/多彩的生活
health [hel ]
interest [ ntr st] n.健康
ˈɪ ə
maintain ones physical and mental health
n. 兴趣;关注 保持自己的身心健康
①
have a deep interest in outdoor activities present a potential threat to public health
对户外活动有浓厚的兴趣 对公众健康构成潜在威胁
foster/cultivate/develop a lifelong interest in We should try not to risk our own health.
reading 培养终身阅读的兴趣 我们应该尽量不拿自己的健康冒险。
balance·culture·tradition·exchange·life·interest·health
234# healthy a.健康的(stick to a diet/lifestyle 坚 avoid seeing our aging parents as a burden on/
~
持健康的饮食/生活方式) to us 避免将上年纪的父母视为累赘
6 fit a.健康的(take regular exercise to keep/ v.(使)担负;使(因负担而)苦恼
stay 经常锻炼以保持健康)
be burdened with/by heavy workloads
~
fitness n.健康(maintain 保持健康;sign up
~ 担负繁重的工作量
for courses 报名参加健身课程)
~
exercise n. 锻 炼 (do/take gentle/moderate
physical 进行和缓/适度的体育锻炼) family [ fæm li]
~ ˈ ə
n.家,家庭(包括父母子女)
expectation [ ekspekte n]
ˌ ˈ ɪʃ feed/support a family 养家糊口
one⁃parent/single⁃parent families单亲家庭
n.期望;指望
Life does not always meet/satisfy our come from poor/low⁃income/hard⁃up families
expectations.生活不会总是符合期望。 来自贫困/低收入/生活拮据的家庭
Some parents have unreasonable/unrealistic
expectations of their children.有些父母对自
parent [ pe r nt]
己的孩子抱有不合理/不切实际的期望。 ˈ ə ə
6 expect v.期望 n.父母;家长
( toomuchofoneschildren对孩子期望过高)
~ learn to be independent of our parents
学会独立生活
pressure [ pre (r)] care for/look after our aging/elderly parents
ˈ ʃə
关心/照顾我们上年纪的父母
n.(工作或生活中的)压力
# parental a. 父 母 的 ( involvement in
ease/reduce/relieve/alleviate work pressure ~
education 家长参与到教育中)
缓解工作压力
face enormous/tremendous competitive pressure parenting n.养育子女
面临巨大的竞争压力 (offer/take classes 提供/参加育儿课程)
~
deal with/cope with/handle the pressures of
modern life 应对现代生活的种种压力
child [t a ld]
6 stress n.精神压力 ʃ ɪ
(turn into motivation 化压力为动力) n. pl. children 子女;孩子
~ < >
adult/grown⁃up children 成年子女
burden [ b dn] bring up/raise/rear a child 养育孩子
ˈ ɜː
spoil/discipline ones children 溺爱/管教孩子
n.(义务、责任等的)重担,负担
teach children to behave well/be respectful
place a heavy financial burden on young
教会孩子举止得体/尊重他人
people 给年轻人带来沉重的经济负担
第二节 校园职场( 词)
22
一、学习教育( 词)
13
set aside time specifically for study
study [ st di] 留出时间专门用于学习
ˈ ʌ
integrate academic study and practical training
n.学习;研究
融学术研究与实践培训为一体
develop good study skills
v.学习;攻读
培养良好的学习技巧
study abroad 出国留学
expectation·pressure·burden·family·parent·child·study
235study (hard) for onesexams(努力)温习备考 exchange ideas with professionals in various
study to be a doctor/lawyer/programmer fields 与各领域的专业人士交流想法
学当医生/律师/程序员 6 subject n.学科(have a basic understanding of
6 learning n.学习(be a experience for us 对 key s对重点学科有基本的了解)
~ ~
我们来说是一次学习的经历)
major n.(大学)专业
learn v.学习;意识到( from failure/mistakes
(audit classes outside our 旁听其他专业的
~
从失败/错误中吸取教训) ~
课程)
knowledge [ n l d ]
ˈ ɒɪ ʒ university [ ju n v s ti]
ˌ ː ɪˈ ɜː ə
n.知识;学识
n.大学
gain/acquire knowledge 学习知识
finish university 完成大学学业
extend/broaden our knowledge 拓宽知识面
apply for university 申请大学
have a hunger/thirst for knowledge或be hungry/
go to/attend university 上大学
thirsty for knowledge 渴求知识
graduate from university 从大学毕业
# knowledgeable a.知识渊博的(be both and
~ 6 college n.大学(注:搭配方式与university基本
experienced 既有知识又有经验)
6 expertise n.专业知识或技能(apply academic
一致);campus n.校园(on 在校内)
~
to practical issues 将学术知识应用到实际
~
问题中) course [k s]
ɔː
n.课程
education [ ed uke n]
ˌ ʒ ˈ ɪʃ take online courses amid the COVID⁃
19
n.教育 epidemic 新冠肺炎疫情期间上网课
Parents should be actively involved in their choose/select courses based on our future
childrens education. plans 基于自己的未来规划选课
父母应积极参与到孩子的教育中。 6 classn.课程(try to make esmore entertaining
~
provide a well⁃rounded education for students 努力使课堂更有趣)
为学生提供全面的教育
# educational a. 教育的(strive to improve
① ~ lecture [ lekt (r)]
standards 力争提高教育水平); 有教育意 ˈ ʃə
②
义的(an experience 有教育意义的经历)
~ n.(尤指大学的)讲座,讲课
a lecture entitled... 题为……的讲座
academic [ æk dem k] a lecture on/about... 关于……的讲座
ˌ əˈ ɪ
seize/grasp the opportunity to attend lectures
a.学业的;学术的
in which we are interested
aim at/for academic success/progress
抓住参加我们感兴趣的讲座的机会
力争学业有成/进步
according to the latest academic research
根据最新的学术研究 graduate [ ɡræd u t]
ˈ ʒ ə
raise academic standards/performance
n.毕业生
提升学术水平/学习成绩
fresh graduates 应届毕业生
a graduate trainee 刚毕业的实习生
field [fi ld]
ː 6 undergraduate n.大学本科生(hold/gain an
~
n.领域;专业 degree 拥有/取得大学本科学位)
remain curious about fields other than our postgraduate n.研究生
majors 对我们专业以外的领域保持好奇 (pursue a degree 攻读研究生学位)
~
knowledge·education·academic·university·course·lecture·graduate
236[ ɡræd ue t] take part in/compete in/enter a talent/writing
ˈ ʒ ɪ
v.获得学位(尤指学士);大学毕业 contest 参加才艺/写作比赛
graduate with honors 以优异成绩毕业
# contestant n.参赛者( s representing different
graduate from college/university 大学毕业 ~
universities 代表不同大学的参赛者)
# graduation n.毕业(典礼)
( day 毕业典礼日;a ceremony 毕业典礼) 6 quiz n.知识竞赛(a general knowledge/history
~ ~ ~
常识/历史知识问答竞赛)
ceremony [ ser m ni] match n.(体育)比赛
ˈ ə ə
(play a friendly 进行友谊赛)
n.典礼;仪式 ~
hold/conduct a ceremony 举行仪式
take part in/attend a ceremony 参加典礼 competition [ k mp t n]
ˌ ɒ əˈɪʃ
a(n) opening/closing/award(s) ceremony
开幕/闭幕/颁奖仪式 n. 比赛;竞赛
①
win/lose a competition 赢得/输掉比赛
speech [spi t ] an international competition 国际比赛
ːʃ
enter a tennis competition 参加网球比赛
n.演讲;发言
a keynote speech 主题发言
(注:competition取此义时搭配方式与contest
a(n) prepared/impromptu speech备稿/即兴演讲 基本一致)
invite you to deliver a speech on/about...
竞争
邀请您就……发表演讲 ②
face stiff/fierce/intense competition for jobs
6 public speaking 公开演讲
面临激烈的求职竞争
(overcome our fear of 克服公开演讲的恐惧)
~
encourage healthy competition between peers
contest [ k ntest] 鼓励同辈间的良性竞争
ˈ ɒ
# competitive a.竞争性的(Graduate entrance
n.比赛;竞赛
exams are becoming increasingly .考研的竞
run/hold/launch/organize a speech/singing ~
争正变得越发激烈。)
contest 举办演讲/歌唱比赛
二、就业职场( 词)
9
do valuable/purposeful/demanding work
job [d b] 做有价值/有意义/高要求的工作
ʒɒ
work steadily/efficiently/collaboratively
n.工作;职位
踏实/高效/齐心协力地工作
full⁃time/part⁃time job全职/兼职工作
look for/seek a well⁃paid/decent/steady job
找一份高薪/体面/稳定的工作 employment [ mpl m nt]
ɪ ˈ ɔɪ ə
have bright/challenging/poor job prospects
n.工作;就业
就业前景光明/充满挑战/黯淡
employment/unemployment rate就业/失业率
pursue a postgraduate degree in order to find
policies designed to boost/stimulate employment
a more satisfying job
为了找到更满意的工作而读研 旨在促进就业的政策
Graduates are finding it more and more
difficult to gain employment.
work [w k]
ɜː 毕业生们觉得越来越难找到工作。
n./v.工作 6 employee n.雇员;员工
rescue and relief work抢险救灾工作 (focus on development 注重员工发展)
~
ceremony·speech·contest·competition·job·work·employment
237improve/enhance the ability to solve practical
career [k r (r)]
problems 提升解决实际问题的能力
əˈ ɪə
6 competent a.有能力的
n.职业;事业
aim to take our career to the next level (make ourselves socially 提升自己的社交
~
力争让自己的事业更上一层楼 能力)
pursue a(n) academic/teaching/medical career
从事学术/教育/医疗工作
potential [p ten l]
əˈ ʃ
professional [pr fe nl] n.潜力;潜质
əˈ ʃə
help students achieve/reach/realize their full
a.职业的;专业的
potential 帮助学生充分发挥其潜力
seek professional advice on mental health
see/be aware of the enormous potential of the
寻求有关心理健康的专业建议
obey/observe/avoid violating professional ethics Internet to create jobs
遵守/避免违反职业道德 意识到互联网创造就业机会的巨大潜力
6 profession n.职业;行业(try to reach the top The company certainly has the potential for
of our 努力成为行业中的佼佼者) growth.那家公司当然有发展潜力。
~
skill [sk l]
ɪ talent [ tæl nt]
ˈ ə
n.技能;技术
n. 天赋;才能
acquire practical/marketable skills ①
develop your creative/artistic talents to the
学习实用/符合市场需求的技能
improve/enhance our soft/professional skills full 充分发挥你的创造/艺术才能
提升自己的软实力/专业技能 never waste our talents by idling the days
away 永远不要虚度光阴、浪费才能
ability [ b l ti] 人才;有才能的人
əˈ ɪə ②
look out for top/young talents
n.能力
物色顶尖/年轻人才
develop the ability to respond to unexpected
There is a wealth of talent in the high⁃tech
changes 培养应对意外变化的能力
industry.高科技产业人才济济。
第三节 人生哲理( 词)
45
一、精神品质( 词)
31
quality [ kw l ti] spirit [ sp r t]
ˈ ɒə ˈ ɪ ɪ
n.(尤指好的)人品,素质 n.(个人、民族或群体的)精神,气质
foster desirable qualities such as modesty
fighting spirit 斗志
培养谦虚等可取的品质
promote team/community spirit
develop the valuable quality of diligence
发扬团队/集体精神
培养勤奋这一可贵的品质
foster/cultivate the spirit of cooperation/
6 virtue n.德行(live/lead a life of 过品德高
~
尚的生活;a traditional 传统美德) innovation 培养合作/创新精神
~
career·professional·skill·ability·potential·talent·quality·spirit
238be diligent in/about our work/studies
responsibility [r sp ns b l ti] 勤奋工作/学习
ɪˌ ɒ əˈ ɪə
# diligence n.勤奋
n.责任;负责
(show great in our schoolwork 上学非常用功)
fulfill our responsibilities as members of a ~
6 hard⁃working a.努力的
team 履行我们作为团队成员的职责
(be very at school 在学校很用功)
have the responsibility to protect the natural ~
slack a.懈怠的;敷衍了事的(should not be
environment 有责任保护自然环境 ~
in our work/studies 工作/学习不应敷衍了事)
6 responsible a.负责的(be a adult/citizen 做
~
有责任心的成年人/公民)
self⁃discipline [ self d s pl n]
ˌ ˈ ɪ ə ɪ
duty [ dju ti] n.自律;自我约束力
ˈ ː
build/foster/cultivate self⁃discipline
n.义务;责任
培养自我约束力
do ones duty 尽责
make self⁃discipline a lifelong habit
neglect ones duty 逃避责任
使自律成为一生的习惯
carry out filial duties to our parents
# self⁃disciplined a.能律己的
履行我们向父母尽孝的义务
(learn to be 学会律己)
6 obligation n.义务;责任(have a moral to ~
~
help the poor 道义上有责任帮助穷人)
perseverance [ p s v r ns]
ˌ ɜː ɪˈ ɪə ə
sense [sens] n.坚持不懈;毅力
through hard work and dogged perseverance
n.(对重大事情的)感觉,意识
凭借艰苦奋斗与顽强的毅力
foster/cultivate/develop a strong sense of 6 persevere v.坚持不懈( in our studies 锲而
~
duty/responsibility 培养强烈的责任感 不舍地治学; despite setbacks 百折不挠)
~
raise/increase peoples general sense of well⁃
stick to a healthy lifestyle/our words
being 提升人们的整体幸福感 坚持健康的生活方式/说话算话
6 awareness/consciousness n.意识 give up easily 轻易放弃
(raise environmental 提升环保意识) fall by the wayside 半途而废
~
effort [ ef t] determination [d t m ne n]
ˈ ə ɪˌɜː ɪˈ ɪʃ
n.努力 n.决心;坚定
spare no effort to pursue personal progress show our determination to meet tough
不遗余力地追求个人进步 challenges 展现出迎接艰巨挑战的决心
make conscious efforts to improve our skills boost our determination to pursue personal
有意识地努力提升自己的能力 goals 坚定自己追求个人目标的决心
make constant efforts to combat climate change 6 resolve/resolution n.决心
为应对气候变化不断努力 (注:搭配方式与determination基本一致)
diligent [ d l d nt] courage [ k r d ]
ˈ ɪɪ ʒə ˈ ʌ ɪ ʒ
a.勤奋的;刻苦的 n.勇气;胆量
be a diligent worker/student take your courage in both hands
做勤劳的工作者/用功的学生 鼓起勇气(做自己害怕做的事)
responsibility·duty·sense·effort·diligent·self⁃discipline·perseverance·determination ·courage
239summon ( up) the courage to confront
difficult situations 鼓起勇气直面困境 creative [krie t v]
ˈ ɪɪ
find/gather the courage to rise to various
a.有创造力的;创造性的
challenges 鼓起勇气迎接各种挑战
promote creative spirit 弘扬创新精神
# courageous a. 勇敢的(be to admit our
~ improve creative skills 提升创新能力
mistakes 敢于承认自己的错误)
cultivate critical and creative thinking
培养批判性和创造性思维
help [help]
work out creative solutions to global issues
找到全球性问题的创新解决方案
n.帮助;协助
# creativity n.创造性
express my gratitude for your generous help
(encourage/stimulate 鼓励创新)
向您的慷慨相助表示感谢 ~
6 innovative a.创新的
seek professional help with career planning
(注:搭配方式与creative基本一致)
在职业规划方面寻求专业帮助
encourage mutual help and support in a team
鼓励在团队中相互帮助与支持 innovation [ n ve n]
ˌɪ əˈ ɪʃ
v.帮助;协助
n.创新;革新
help needy students finish/complete their
foster/facilitate scientific innovation
education 帮助贫困学生完成其学业
促进科学创新
boost technical/technological innovation
support [s p t]
əˈ ɔː 推动技术创新
stimulate cultural/educational innovation
n.支持;帮助
鼓励文化/教育创新
lend local charities firm/solid support
坚定支持本地的慈善机构
offer family and friends emotional support optimistic [ pt m st k]
ˌɒ ɪˈ ɪ ɪ
为亲友提供情感支持
a.乐观的
give colleagues/teammates massive support
给予同事/队友大力支持 have/hold/take an optimistic view of life
v.支持;帮助
拥有/秉持着一种乐观的人生态度
support family and friends if necessary be optimistic that things will work out
必要时为亲友提供支持 乐观地相信船到桥头自然直
# optimism n.乐观
(look to the future with 乐观地展望未来)
cooperation [k p re n] ~
əʊˌɒ əˈ ɪʃ 6 hopeful a.抱有希望的(be/feel about the
~
n.合作;协作 future 对未来充满希望)
encourage closer cooperation between parents pessimistic a.悲观的(People feel about their
~
and schools job prospects.人们对就业前景感到悲观。)
鼓励家长和学校进行更紧密的合作
promote cooperation in academic research positive [ p z t v]
ˈ ɒ əɪ
with other countries/universities 促进与其他
国家/大学在学术研究方面的合作 a. 积极乐观的
①
6 collaboration n.合作 stay positive in the face of adversity
(注:搭配方式与cooperation基本一致) 面对逆境时保持积极乐观
coordination n.配合(ensure greater between have/take/adopt a positive outlook on life
~
departments 确保各部门加强配合) 持积极的人生观
help·support·cooperation·creative·innovation·optimistic·positive
240see/view lifes challenges in a positive light take tender care of pets/animals/plants
从积极的角度看待人生的挑战 悉心照料宠物/动物/植物
积极的;有助益的 provide necessary care for patients/the elderly
②
take positive steps to deal with the problem 为病人/老人提供必要的护理
采取积极措施处理该问题 # caring a.关心他人的(provide a environment
~
Celebrities should act as positive role models. 提供一个充满关怀的环境)
名人应起到积极榜样的作用。 6 care for/look after 照料( the sick, elderly
~
6 constructive a.建设性的 ( welcome any and disabled 关心老弱病残)
~
suggestions 欢迎任何有建设性的建议)
negative a.消极的(try not to be affected by
promise [ pr m s]
emotions 尽量不受负面情绪影响) ˈ ɒ ɪ
~
n.诺言;承诺
confidence [ k nf d ns] keep promises given to our friends/other
ˈ ɒ ɪ ə
people 信守向朋友/他人许下的承诺
n.信心;自信心
Businesses should be punished for breaking
build (up)/foster confidence in overcoming
their promise of product quality.
difficulties 树立战胜困难的信心
违背产品质量承诺的商家应受到处罚。
raise/boost/increase confidence in coping
v.承诺;许诺
with challenges 提升应对挑战的信心
promise not to violate professional ethics
6 confident a.有信心的
承诺不会违反职业道德
(be in ourselves 对自己有信心)
~
self⁃confidence n.自信
(develop/boost 培养/增强自信)
sincere [s ns (r)]
ɪ ˈ ɪə
~
a.诚挚的;真诚的
love [l v]
Please accept our sincere thanks/apologies.
ʌ
请接受我们诚挚的谢意/歉意。
n.爱;热爱
make/offer a sincere apology to you for my
show/express our love for our parents
fault 因我的过失向您真诚致歉
表达我们对父母的爱
make sincere efforts to build a harmonious
have deep/profound love of our country
relationship 真诚地努力建立融洽关系
深爱着我们的祖国
# sincerely ad.诚挚地;由衷地(be grateful for
Parents give their children unconditional love. ~
your help 由衷感谢您的帮助)
父母给予孩子无条件的爱。
6 honest/truthful a.诚实的(learn to be about
# loving a.充满爱的 ~
our feelings 学会坦诚表达感受)
(a warm and family 温馨有爱的家庭)
~
6 affection n.喜爱(You are held in deep by
~
your students.您深受学生爱戴。) respect [r spekt]
ɪˈ
hate n.憎恨
(remove/delete speech 删除仇恨言论) n./v.尊敬;尊重
~
hatred n.仇恨(have a deep of/for waste of treat our parents/friends/elders with respect
~
resources 对资源浪费深恶痛绝) 尊重我们的父母/朋友/长辈
respect other peoples opinions/privacy/
lifestyles 尊重他人的意见/隐私/生活方式
care [ke (r)]
ə respect laws/social norms/rules and regulations
n.照顾;关怀 遵守法律/社会规范/规章制度
share housework and the care of children # respectful a.表示尊敬的
分担家务和照看小孩的工作 (be of other cultures 尊重其他文化)
~
confidence·love·care·promise·sincere·respect
2416 esteem n.尊重(public for doctors/teachers teach children to obey/follow/observe moral
~
大众对医生/教师的尊重) principles 教导孩子遵守道德准则
self⁃esteem n.自尊 ( build/boost/improve
stick to the principle that everyone should be
students 培养/提升学生的自尊)
~ treated equally 坚持一视同仁的原则
understand [ nd stænd]
ˌʌ əˈ modest [ m d st]
ˈ ɒ ɪ
v.理解;体谅
understand how other people feel a.谦虚的;谦逊的
理解他人的感受 be modest about our success/achievements
understand what others have been through
不夸耀自己的成就
同情他人的遭遇
be modest about our role in group work
# understanding n.理解
不夸耀自己在小组工作中的作用
(promote mutual between teachers and
~ # modesty n.谦虚(show when receiving a
students/parents and children/doctors and
~
patients 促进师生/亲子/医患之间的相互理解) compliment 受到称赞时表现出谦虚)
6 forgiving a.宽容的(be of other peoples 6 humble a.虚心的(be enough to learn from
~ ~
difficulties 体谅他人的难处) our mistakes 从错误中虚心学习)
generous a. 宽宏大量的(be enough to
~ humility n.谦逊 ( have the to admit/
overlook other peoples little mistakes 大度 ~
acknowledge our mistakes 虚心承认错误)
地不计较他人的小过失)
trust [tr st] rational [ ræ n l]
ʌ ˈ ʃ ə
n./v.信任;信赖 a.理性的;合理的
try not to betray our close friends trust keep calm and rational in the face of
尽量不要辜负密友的信任
unexpected changes and challenges 面对出
trust in our own abilities to meet the
乎意料的变化和挑战时保持冷静和理性
challenge of job seeking
# rationally ad.理智地
相信自己有能力应对求职的挑战
# trusting a.轻信的(avoid being too of other (act/think 基于理性行动/思考)
~ ~
people 避免过于轻信他人) rationality n.理性
6 faith n.信任 6 sensible a.明智的(make a choice/decision
~
(keep with our friends 对朋友守信用)
做出明智的选择/决定)
~
irrational a. 不理智的 (avoid consumer
integrity [ nteɡr ti] ~
ɪ ˈ ə behavior 避免不理性的消费行为)
n.诚实;正直
be a person of the highest integrity patience [ pe ns]
ˈ ɪʃ
做光明磊落的人
protect/preserve/safeguard/defend academic n.耐心;忍耐力
integrity 维护/捍卫学术诚信
do not lose patience when there is poor
communication 沟通不畅时不要失去耐心
principle [ pr ns pl]
ˈ ɪ ə 6 patient a. 有耐心的(be with kids/slow
~
n.道德原则;行为准则 learners 对小孩/学得慢的学生有耐心)
adhere to the principles of sustainable impatience n.不耐烦(try to curb/control/
development 坚持可持续发展的原则 contain our 尽力克制自己的急躁情绪)
~
understand·trust·integrity·principle·modest·rational·patience
242二、个人发展( 词)
14
attitude [ æt tju d] horizon [h ra zn]
ˈ ɪ ː əˈ ɪ
n.态度;看法 n.眼界;阅历
Being competitive is an attitude of mind. widen/broaden our horizons 开阔眼界
好竞争是一种心态。 expand intellectual horizons 拓宽知识面
take/adopt a responsible attitude to work avoid limiting our horizons to what is within
对工作采取负责任的态度 our comfort zone避免将我们的眼界局限于
keep/maintain a positive attitude towards life 自己的舒适区之内
对生活保持积极的态度
opportunity [ p tju n ti]
ˌɒ əˈ ː ə
curiosity [ kj ri s ti]
ˌ ʊə ˈɒ ə
n.机会;时机
n.好奇心
career opportunities职业机会
intellectual curiosity 求知欲
take this opportunity to thank you for your
satisfy ones curiosity 满足好奇心
support 借此机会感谢您的支持
arouse/excite ones curiosity 激起好奇心
take every opportunity to expand our work
6 curious a.好奇的(be/feel about the world
~ experience 利用一切机会拓展工作经验
around us 对周遭世界感到好奇)
seize/grasp precious opportunities to enhance
our competitiveness
far⁃sighted [ fɑ sa t d]
抓住提升自身竞争力的宝贵机会
ˌ ː ˈ ɪɪ
6 chance n.机会
a.有远见的;深谋远虑的
(注:搭配方式与opportunity基本一致)
develop far⁃sighted plans for our future
为自己的未来制定有远见的规划
make far⁃sighted decisions about what to do achieve [ t i v]
əˈʃː
after college
v.(尤指经过努力)达到,实现
对大学毕业后的安排做出有远见的决策
achieve success/progress through hard work
short⁃sighted a.目光短浅的
通过努力取得成功/进步
(avoid thinking 避免短视思维)
~ achieve good exam results by studying hard
通过努力学习取得优异的考试成绩
vision [ v n]
ˈ ɪʒ try our best to achieve our goals/dreams/
n.眼光;远见 ambitions 竭尽全力实现目标/梦想/抱负
develop a wide/broad vision # achievement n.成就
培养广阔的视野 (Success should not be measured only by
have a clear vision of our goals educational s.成功不应仅由学业成绩来
~
对自己的目标有清晰的展望 衡量。)
avoid a narrow vision of the future/our life 6 attain/accomplish v.实现
避免狭隘地展望未来/人生 (注:搭配方式与achieve基本一致)
attitude·curiosity·far⁃sighted·vision·horizon·opportunity·achieve
2436 aim/target/objective n.目标
habit [ hæb t]
ˈ ɪ
(注:搭配方式与goal基本一致)
n.习惯
ambition [æmb n]
form/develop good study/personal habits ˈ ɪʃ
养成良好的学习/个人习惯 n.志向;抱负
kick/break the habit of waiting until the last strive hard for our life⁃long ambitions
minutetostart改掉不到最后一刻不动手的习惯 为实现终生追求的目标而奋发图强
# habitual a.习惯性的 have an ambition to pursue a teaching career
(never become a liar 永远不要撒谎成性) 有志于从事教育职业
~
harbor/entertain an ambition to achieve
challenge [ t æl nd ] career success 有志于成就一番事业
ˈʃ ɪ ʒ
# ambitious a.有雄心的
n.挑战
(Parents are for their children.父母对孩子
~
turn a challenge into an opportunity
期望很高。)
化挑战为机遇
6 aspiration n.志向
enjoy the challenge of trying something new
(have no for fame and fortune 不求名利)
~
享受尝试新事物的挑战
face up to/confront tough challenges in our life
comfort zone
直面人生的艰巨挑战
# challenging a.有挑战性的 舒适区(使人感到舒适、放松或在其掌控之
(take work 承担有挑战性的工作) 下的状态)
~
stay within/leave/expand our comfort zone
overcome [ v k m] 待在/离开/拓展自己的舒适区
ˌəʊ əˈ ʌ
go/get/step/move/break out of/outside our
v.克服;战胜
comfort zone 走出自己的舒适区
overcome hardships/barriers/obstacles
push ourselves out of/outside/beyond our
克服困难/阻碍
comfort zone 逼自己走出舒适区
overcome challenges/adversities/setbacks
克服挑战/逆境/挫折
friendship [ frend p]
ˈ ʃɪ
goal [ɡ l] n.友谊;朋友关系
əʊ
cherish friendships formed in our student days
n.目标;目的
珍惜学生时代建立的友谊
set ourselves attainable personal goals
avoid doing things that ruin/destroy
为自己设定可实现的个人目标
friendships 避免做破坏友谊的事
establish ourselves clear life/career goals
6 friendly a.友好的(be to the people around
~
为自己设定明确的人生/事业目标
us 友善对待我们身边的人)
fight hard for achieving/realizing ambitious
relationship n.关系(develop a harmonious
goals 为实现远大目标而努力奋斗
family 培养融洽的家庭关系)
~
habit·challenge·overcome·goal·ambition·comfort zone·friendship
244第二单元 框架搭建词汇
一、应用
1 邀请:invite invitation attend attach
• • •
extend to you an invitation to attend the
invite [ nva t] contest as a judge 邀请您担任比赛评委
ɪ ˈ ɪ
v.邀请
attend [ tend]
cordially/warmly/sincerely invite you to əˈ
(attend) the reading seminar
v.出席;参加 participate in/join
=
热诚/热情/真诚地邀请您参加阅读研讨会
attend a lecture/conference/seminar
参加讲座/会议/研讨会
invitation [ nv te n]
ˌɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ
attach [ tæt ]
n.邀请 əˈ ʃ
receive/accept/decline an invitation v.把……附上 enclose
=
收到/接受/婉拒邀请 My résumé is attached.随函附上我的简历。
2 建议:suggestion tip
•
suggestion [s d est n] tip [t p]
əˈ ʒ ʃə ɪ
n.建议;提议 advice(多指专业人士的建议) n.指点;实用的提示
=
take your suggestions into serious account travel/cooking/safety tips
认真考虑您的建议 旅行小贴士/烹饪小诀窍/安全忠告
offer suggestions on how to relieve anxiety give you some tips on/for improving English
提出关于如何缓解焦虑的建议 给你一些提高英语的小窍门
3 推荐:recommend impress glimpse
• •
I am impressed by the originality of the
recommend [ rek mend] candidates suggestion.候选者所提建议的独
ˌ əˈ
创性令我印象深刻。
v.推荐;举荐
recommend sb for the post
glimpse [ɡl mps]
推荐某人任职这一岗位 ɪ
(highly/strongly) recommend this app to you
n.短暂的感受(或体验、领会)
(极力)向你推荐这个应用程序
give/offer you a quick glimpse into Chinas
history and culture
impress [ mpres] 使您快速了解中国历史和文化
ɪ ˈ
Science courses give us a glimpse of the
v.给……留下好印象;使钦佩 time⁃tested scientific method.理科课程能让
it impresses sb that.../sb is impressed that... 我们对久经检验而行之有效的科学方法有
令某人印象深刻的是…… 初步的认识。
2454 通知:notice inform recruit submit sign up for
• • • •
recruit new members to the club 社团纳新
notice [ n t s] recruit international students to teach English
ˈ əʊɪ
招募留学生教英语
n.通知;启事 announcement
=
Please pay close attention to this notice.
submit [s bm t]
请密切关注此通知。
ə ˈ ɪ
v.提交;呈递
inform [ nf m] submit the speech draft 提交演讲稿
ɪ ˈ ɔː
submit my resignation 提交我的辞呈
v.知会;通知 notify
submit a(n) application form/entry form/
=
Please inform us about/of your decision. proposal 提交申请表/报名表/提案
请告知我们您的决定。
sign up for
recruit [r kru t]
ɪˈ ː
报名参加 register for
=
v.招募 sign up for a(n) course/exam
recruit new talents 招募新人才 报名参加一门课程/考试
5 介绍:organize event schedule theme feature look forward to contact
• • • • • •
On the theme of Chinese culture, this
organize [ ɡ na z]
meeting is designed to (do)...
ˈɔː ə ɪ
本次会议以中国文化为主题,旨在……
v.组织;筹备 hold
=
organize a book donation program
组织图书捐赠活动 feature [ fi t (r)]
ˈ ːʃə
v.以……为特色;由……主演
event [ vent]
ɪˈ a film that features an all⁃star cast
由全明星阵容主演的电影
n.公开活动;(体育运动的)比赛项目
an exhibition featuring traditional crafts
the upcoming campus/sporting events
重点展出传统手工艺品的展览
即将到来的校园/体育活动
look forward to
schedule [ sked u l]
ˈ ʒ ː
(高兴地)盼望,期待
n.日程安排 v.为……安排时间
on schedule 按预定时间 I look forward to seeing you at the event.
ahead of/behind schedule 先于/迟于预定时间 期待在活动现场见到您。
The meeting is scheduled to commence on
Monday.会议定于周一举行。 contact [ k ntækt]
ˈ ɒ
v./n.联系;联络
theme [ i m]
ː stay/keep in (close) contact with friends
n.主题 与朋友保持(密切)联系
a lecture on the theme of waste recycling a chance to come into contact with famous
以垃圾回收为主题的讲座 figures 与名人接触的机会
2466 申请:apply candidate qualification
• •
my key strengths are... 作为此职位有竞争力
apply [ pla ]
的候选人,我的主要优势是……
əˈ ɪ
v.(通常以书面形式)申请
apply for a job/scholarship/student loan qualification [ kw l f ke n]
ˌ ɒɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ
申请工作/奖学金/助学贷款
n.资格;学历
apply for admission to a university/apply to a
vocational qualifications职业资历
university 申请入读大学
have the qualifications for this job
具备胜任这项工作的资格
candidate [ kænd d t]
ˈ ɪ ə I am convinced that my qualifications could
n.候选人;申请人 be a suitable match for your requirements.我
As a competitive candidate for this position, 坚信自己的条件能契合你们的要求。
7 辞职:quit resign position
• •
quit [kw t] position [p z n]
ɪ əˈ ɪʃ
v.离开(工作职位、学校等) leave n.职位;职务 post
= =
quit/leave a club 退出社团 available positions空缺的工作职位
quit/leave my job 辞去自己的职务 be not equal to/competent for the current
position 无法胜任目前的岗位
resign [r za n] the professional knowledge required for the
ɪˈ ɪ
position该职位所需的专业知识
v.辞职 I am confident enough to be a strong
resign my job/post/position candidate for this position.我有足够的信心
辞去自己的工作/职务 成为该职位的有力候选人。
8 道歉:apology make up for
•
apology [ p l d i] make up for
əˈ ɒə ʒ
n.道歉;认错 弥补;补偿 compensate for
=
offer/express my deep apologies for... To make up for my fault, I will submit the
因……深表歉意 completed thesis... 为了弥补我的过错,我将
( be sorry for.../apologize for...) 提交完整的论文……
=
9 咨询:inquire inquiry reply
• •
你们刊登在网上的招聘广告。
inquire [ nkwa (r)] May I kindly inquire if you would be so kind
ɪ ˈ ɪə
as to lend me help in finding opportunities to
v.询问;打听(英式拼写为enquire)
gain experience in teaching mathematics?
I am writing to inquire about your job 我想请问您是否能帮我找一找积累数学教
advertisement online.我写信是想咨询一下 学经验的机会?
247inquiry [ nkwa ri] reply [r pla ]
ɪ ˈ ɪə ɪˈ ɪ
n.询问;打听(英式拼写为enquiry) n.答复
make an inquiry 咨询 look forward to your early/prompt reply
answer an inquiry 回复咨询 期待您的早日回复
10 感谢:appreciate grateful gratitude
• •
appreciate [ pri ie t] gratitude [ ɡræt tju d]
əˈ ːʃ ɪ ˈ ɪ ː
v.感谢 thank sb for (doing) sth n.感激之情
=
Your presence will be greatly appreciated. express my deep gratitude (to you) for all
我们将非常感谢您的出席。 you did 向您所做的一切深表感激
Please accept the gift as a token of my
grateful [ ɡre tfl] gratitude.请收下这份表示谢意的礼物。
ˈ ɪ
In gratitude for your assistance, we will
a.感激的 provide free accommodation and meals
be grateful to all the teachers for their help during the project.我们将在项目期间提供免
感谢所有老师的帮助 费的食宿,以感谢你的协助。
二、描述
1 描述图画内容:depict present scene
• •
depict [d p kt] scene [si n]
ɪˈ ɪ ː
v.描绘 describe/portray n.场面;情景
=
as (is) depicted in the picture 如图所示 a familiar scene on campus
熟悉的校园场景
present [pr zent] display a scene of harmony where...
ɪˈ
展示了一幅和谐的场景,其中……
v.展现;表现 display a(n) comic/ironic/joyful/touching/shocking/
=
the picture presents a situation where.../a regrettable/encouraging scene 一幅有趣/讽
young man who...图片展示了一幅……的 刺/令人欣喜/令人感动/令人震惊/令人遗
场景/一位……的年轻人 憾/鼓舞人心的场景
2 描述图画特点:vivid thought⁃provoking distinct
• •
vivid [ v v d] thought⁃provoking [ t pr v k ŋ]
ˈ ɪ ɪ ˈɔː ə əʊ ɪ
a.清晰的;生动的 a.发人深省的
the picture is a vivid depiction of... a thought⁃provoking question/article
图片生动地描绘了…… 发人深省的问题/文章
248The picture conveys a straightforward but
thought⁃provoking message.图画传达的信息 distinct [d st ŋkt]
ɪˈ ɪ
简单却引人深思。
a.截然不同的;有区别的 contrasting
This statement is quite thought⁃provoking, =
as distinct from the former 与前者完全不同
and I go along with it.这一论点颇为发人深
two distinct ways of.../attitudes towards...
省,我对此表示赞同。
两种截然不同的……方式/态度
3 描述图画主体:symbolize manner
•
symbolize [ s mb la z] manner [ mæn (r)]
ˈ ɪ ə ɪ ˈ ə
v.象征;代表 represent/stand for/be a symbol of n.态度;举止
=
Light symbolizes life and hope. have a relaxed/confident/calm manner
光明象征着生命和希望。 态度悠闲/自信/从容
A “clock track” symbolizes college journey. in a rash/professional/distracted manner
“时钟轨道”象征着大学旅程。 轻率/专业/心不在焉地
4 描述图画内涵:caption reveal reflect illustrate reminder criticism
• • • • •
noteworthy trend that... 反映了一种普遍的
caption [ kæp n] 社会现象/一种值得注意的趋势,即……
ˈ ʃ
v.给(图片、漫画等)加文字说明 n.文字说明
illustrate [ l stre t]
the drawing is captioned “...”
ˈɪə ɪ
图片注有文字说明“……”
v.(用示例、图画等)说明,解释 show
the caption conveys the core message:... =
illustrate the importance/significance of
图中文字传达出核心信息:……
teamwork 说明合作的重要性
reveal [r vi l] reminder [r ma nd (r)]
ɪˈ ː ɪˈ ɪ ə
v.揭示;显示 n.提醒人的事物
The phenomenon revealed in the picture is provide a constant reminder of the fragility of
not rare nowadays. life时刻提醒人们生命的脆弱
图中揭示的现象如今并不少见。
criticism [ kr t s z m]
ˈ ɪɪ ɪ ə
reflect [r flekt]
ɪˈ n.批评;批判
v.反映;表明 mirror accept criticism 接受批评
=
reflect a common social phenomenon/a draw/attract/provoke criticism 引起批评
5 描述普遍现象:common widespread popular
• •
人们普遍认为……
common [ k m n] It is common(place) for young adults to stay
ˈ ɒ ə
up late.年轻人熬夜很常见。
a.常见的;普遍的 commonplace
= it is common for us to hear about the cases
common sense 常识
where...我们常听说……的情况
it is common knowledge that...
249widespread [ wa dspred] popular [ p pj l (r)]
ˈ ɪ ˈ ɒ əə
a.普遍的;广泛的 a.普遍的;流行的 prevalent
=
the widespread use/availability of technology a popular belief/opinion/view/idea
技术的广泛使用/普及 普遍的观念
there is/are widespread concern/fears/belief recently become popular among consumers
that...人们普遍担心/认为…… 近来受到消费者的青睐
6 描述背景特点:age era time
• •
enter/usher in an era of instant communication
age [e d ]
进入即时通讯的时代
ɪ ʒ
n.(尤指文明或技术发展的)时代,时期
the industrial/information age工业/信息时代 time [ta m]
ɪ
the age of big data/artificial intelligence (AI)
n.时期;时代
大数据/人工智能时代
keep pace with the times 跟上时代
be out of step with/fall behind the times
era [ r ]
跟不上时代
ˈɪə ə
in a time of constant change/stiff competition/
n.(以某些特殊事件为标志的)时代,年代
uncertainty在一个瞬息万变/竞争激烈/充满
an era of entertainment/knowledge explosion
不确定性的时代
娱乐/知识爆炸的时代
7 描述问题/困扰:problem issue concern worry
• • •
The government must adopt more effective
problem [ pr bl m]
regulations to fix this issue.政府必须要实施
ˈ ɒ ə
更有效的监管来解决这个问题。
n.棘手的问题;难题
cause/create a problem 造成问题
solve/address/tackle a problem 解决问题 concern [k ns n]
ə ˈ ɜː
various problems in our daily lives
v.使担心 n.担心
日常生活中的各种问题
it concerns me that.../what concerns me is
(that)...令我担忧的是……
issue [ u ]
There is growing concern about/over cyber
ˈɪʃ ː
violence.人们对网暴越发担心。
n.重要议题;争论的问题
address social issues解决社会问题
worry [ w ri]
a burning/pressing issue of the day
ˈ ʌ
当今燃眉之急的问题
v.(使)担心 n.担心;令人担忧的事
a hot/topical issue under discussion
worry about/over ones career prospects/future
人们讨论的热门话题
为就业前景/前途感到担忧
2508 描述争论/冲突:argue debate controversy conflict
• • •
argue [ ɑ ɡju ] controversy [ k ntr v si]
ˈ ː ː ˈ ɒ ə ɜː
v.争论;争辩 n.(公开的)争论,争议
argue for/against raising taxes a bitter controversy over/about video games
主张/反对增加税收 有关电子游戏的激烈争论
argue with parents about/over trivial things cause/arouse/spark/provoke (a storm of)
为小事和父母争吵 controversy 引起(一波)争议
debate [d be t] conflict [ k nfl kt]
ɪˈ ɪ ˈ ɒ ɪ
n.争论;辩论 n.冲突;矛盾
spark/trigger debate引起争论 a conflict between two cultures两种文化的冲突
a subject of considerable debate in conflict with parents over the future career
颇有争议的话题 在未来择业问题上与父母有分歧
9 描述图表态势:indicate witness trend
• •
indicate [ nd ke t] trend [trend]
ˈɪ ɪ ɪ
v.表明;显示 n.趋势;动态
indicate a rising standard of living start/set a trend 开创潮流
表明生活水平的日益提高 reverse a trend 扭转趋势
market/employment/demographic trends
witness [ w tn s] 市场/就业/人口趋势
ˈ ɪ ə
follow similar/opposite trends
v.是发生……的地点/时间;见证 呈现出相似/相反的趋势
witness an increase in the exchange of
The trend sustained to .
2008
knowledge, arts and trade around the world 这一趋势一直持续到 年。
2008
见证世界范围内知识、艺术和贸易交流的
make the most of this emerging trend
增长趋势
充分利用这一新趋势
10 描述图表变量:number amount percentage proportion account for
• • • •
number [ n mb (r)] amount [ ma nt]
ˈ ʌ ə əˈ ʊ
n.数量;数额 n.数量;数额
the number of staff/participants/foreign the amount of money/work/donation/meat
teachers/overseas students(后接可数名词) consumed(后接不可数名词)
员工/参与者/外教/留学生的数量 金额/工作量/捐款数目/肉类消耗量
251percentage [p sent d ] proportion [pr p n]
əˈ ɪ ʒ əˈ ɔːʃ
n.百分比;所占比例 n.部分;份额
the percentage of students receiving higher the proportion of men to women/teachers to
education接受高等教育的学生的比例 students 男女/师生比例
the percentages of searches for Chinese
brands on a website某网站中国本土品牌的 account for
搜索量百分比
The percentage of respondents reporting (数量、比例上)占 comprise/constitute/represent
=
dissatisfaction was as high as %.声称不满 account for a large/small part of the total
64
意的受访者的比例高达 %。 占总体的一大/小部分
64
三、立论
1 表达观点:believe claim view admit deny
• • • •
believe [b li v] view [vju ]
ɪˈ ː ː
v.相信;认为 n.看法 v.把……视为 consider/perceive
=
people used to believe that... in my view 在我看来
人们一度认为…… I take the view that...我认为……
I have every/good/ample reason to believe view/consider/perceive the aging parents as
that...我有足够的理由认为…… a burden将年迈的父母视为累赘
They may even firmly believe that they will
reap great rewards one day.他们甚至坚信自 admit [ dm t]
ə ˈ ɪ
己终将获得巨大回报。
v.(常指勉强)承认
frankly admit our mistakes
claim [kle m]
ɪ 坦率承认自己的错误
n.声明;断言 v.声称;断言
dispute/deny/reject a claim 否认某一说法 deny [d na ]
ɪˈ ɪ
claim a major breakthrough in...
宣称……方面的重大的突破 v.否认;否定
claim to be highly knowledgeable about the deny a(n) claim/charge/accusation
subject 声称自己很懂行 否认某种说法/指控/指责
2 分析原因:reason factor ascribe attribute due to thanks to
• • • • •
for security reasons 出于安全原因
reason [ ri zn]
the reason behind the phenomenon is...
ˈ ː
该现象背后的原因是……
n.原因;理由
the primary reason/part of the reason lies
the reason why... ……的原因
in...主要/部分原因在于……
for the following reason(s)由于以下原因
252factor [ fækt (r)] due to
ˈ ə
n.因素;要素 由于;因为 owing to/as a result of
=
a contributing factor 影响因素 due in large part to/due largely to
a decisive/determining factor 决定性因素 很大程度上由于
a key factor in getting rid of poverty due to/owing to/as a result of a lack of
脱贫的一个关键因素 confidence由于缺乏信心
due to greater concerns over climate change
ascribe [ skra b]/attribute[ tr bju t] 由于(人们)更加关切气候变化
əˈ ɪ əˈ ɪ ː
v.把……归因于
thanks to
We may ascribe/attribute blame to individuals,
but the root cause goes much deeper.我们可能 幸亏;由于
会将问题归咎于个体,但其背后还有更深层次 thanks to the advent of new technology/
的原因。 inventions 得益于新技术/发明的出现
3 陈述结果:result consequence impact influence lead end up (in/with/doing sth)
• • • • •
result [r z lt] influence [ nflu ns]
ɪˈ ʌ ˈɪ ə
v.(因……)发生 n.结果;后果 v.影响;对……起作用 n.影响;作用
result in failure 导致失败 influence us to make choices/influence our
have/yield positive results 产生积极结果 choices影响我们做出选择
as a result 因此( thus/therefore/so that,后 influence peoples choice to a certain extent
=
接句子) 在一定程度上影响人们的选择
have/exert a strong/powerful influence on...
对……产生强大的影响
consequence [ k ns kw ns]
ˈ ɒ ɪ ə
n.(尤指不好的)结果,后果 lead [li d]
ː
have serious consequences for the economy
对经济造成严重后果 v.导致;引导
lead them to neglect their studies
face/suffer/take/escape the consequences
使他们荒废学业
面对/承受/承担/逃避后果
lead to/cause/result in/bring about/give rise to
in consequence/as a consequence 因此(
=
a decline in efficiency导致效率降低
thus/therefore/so that,后接句子)
end up (in/with/doing sth)
impact [ mpækt]
ˈɪ
最终成为;最后处于
n.巨大影响;冲击 effect
= end up doing sth 最终做某事
have positive/negative/adverse impacts on...
end up in debt/trouble/disappointment
对……产生积极/消极/不利影响
最终负债累累/惹上麻烦/大失所望
a(n) psychological/economic/environmental/
end up with a harsh reality that...
emotional/social impact
最终面临……的严峻现实
对心理/经济/环境/情感/社会的影响
2534 阐述目的:in (the) pursuit of strive for/to do... devote/dedicate to
• •
strive for a proper balance between work and
in (the) pursuit of
life 力求工作与生活达到适当的平衡
6 strive towards ambitious career goals
追求
向着远大的事业目标奋斗
in pursuit of knowledge/truth/happiness
追求知识/真理/幸福
devote/dedicate to
in relentless pursuit of our dreams/ideals
对梦想/理想的不懈追求
投入;致力于
in pursuit of perfection/a higher quality of
devote more time to our family
life 追求完美/更高的生活质量 投入更多时间陪伴家人
6 pursue v.追求( a healthy lifestyle 追求健 devote more effort to teaching
~
康的生活方式) 在教学上投入更多的努力
devote/dedicate ourselves entirely to studies
strive for/to do... 让自己全身心投入学习
6 dedicateda.尽心尽力的(be toenvironmental
~
为……而努力;力争 protection 致力于环保)
strive continuously to improve academic devotion/dedication n. 奉献 (maintain to
~
performance 为提高学习成绩而不断努力 duty 恪尽职守)
5 说明消极影响:damage hinder threat
• •
a phenomenon that hinders economic growth
damage [ dæm d ] 妨碍经济发展的现象
ˈ ɪ ʒ
hinder/hamper us from achieving our goals/
v./n.损害;毁坏 harm
= hold us back from achieving our goals
damage/harm ones image/reputation/interests
阻碍我们实现目标
损害某人的形象/名声/利益
cause damage/harm to our psychological well⁃
being 对我们的心理健康造成伤害 threat [ ret]
n.威胁;坏事发生的可能
hinder [ h nd (r)] present/pose a threat to traditional culture
ˈ ɪ ə
对传统文化造成威胁
v.阻碍;阻挡 hamper/hold back
= counter/combat the threat of climate change
hinder/hamper progress/success/innovation
抵御气候变化的威胁
阻碍进步/成功/创新
阐述积极意义:improve promote facilitate foster cultivate reward play a role in...
6 • • • • • • •
set an example serve as...
•
improve [ mpru v] promote [pr m t]
ɪ ˈ ː əˈ əʊ
v.改进;改善 v.促进;推动
improve relations 改善关系 promote cultural exchange ( s )/mutual
improve competitiveness 提高竞争力 understanding 促进文化交流/相互理解
improve efficiency/skills 提升效率/技能 promote cooperation/unity/friendship
improve academic performance 提升学习成绩 促进合作/团结/友谊
254facilitate [f s l te t] play a role in...
əˈ ɪɪ ɪ
v.促进;使便利 在……上起作用
facilitate the sharing of resources play a vital role in increasing study efficiency
有利于资源共享 在提升学习效率上起关键作用
facilitate access to information/health care play a leading role in tackling climate change
便于获取信息/享受医疗 在应对气候变化上起主导作用
foster [ f st (r)] set an example
ˈ ɒ ə
v.促进;培养 树立榜样
foster motivation/professional skills set a good/positive example to/for teenagers
培养积极性/专业技能 为青少年树立积极的榜样
set a shining example of selfless devotion to/
for the younger generation
cultivate [ k lt ve t]
ˈ ʌ ɪ ɪ 为年轻一代树立无私奉献的光辉榜样
v.培养;建立 6 model n.模范
cultivate a positive approach to life act as a role model 起到行为榜样的作用
培养积极的生活态度
cultivate the virtue of persistence consciously serve as...
主动培养持之以恒的美德
起……作用;产生……效果
serve as a warning to all humanity
reward [r w d]
ɪˈ ɔː 起到警示全人类的作用
serve as evidence of/for the link between hard
v.奖励;给以报酬 n.回报;报酬
work and personal success
reward the winners with certificates
能够证明努力奋斗与个人成功有关
奖励获胜者证书
6 serve v.有用( the interests of the general
rich rewards 丰厚的回报 ~
public 符合公众的利益)
get/receive/reap rewards 获得/收获回报
7 举出例证:example case evidence range
• • •
example [ ɡzɑ mpl] evidence [ ev d ns]
ɪ ˈ ː ˈ ɪ ə
n.实例;例证 instance v.证明;表明 n.根据;证明
=
for example/instance 比如 be evidenced by...由……证明
a classic/perfect example 典型/绝佳的例子 ...show/bear evidence of this view
take sth as an example/take the example of sth ……可证实这一观点
以某事为例
range [re nd ]
ɪ ʒ
case [ke s]
ɪ v.包括各类事物
n.具体情况;事例 measures ranging from infrastructure
in many cases 在许多情况下 improvement to industrial development
a case in point is...一个恰当的例子是…… 从基础设施改善到产业发展等措施
2558 引经据典:go put according to
• •
go [ɡ ] put [p t]
əʊ ʊ
v.(谚语、歌词、故事等)内容是 v.说;表达
as the saying/proverb/phrase goes as sb put(s) it 如某人所说
如一句俗语/谚语/习语所说 (注:谓语时态用现在时或过去时均可)
( a saying has it that...有句俗语说……)
=
Just as the old saying goes, dont borrow according to
trouble from tomorrow.
据(……所言);按(……所报道)
正如老话所说,不要自寻烦恼。
according to a recent report/study
As the proverb goes, every coin has two side.
根据最近的一项报道/研究
如一句谚语所说,任何东西都有两面。
逻辑衔接词:moreover though despite however instead while meanwhile by/in contrast
9 • • • • • • • •
likewise thus in other words in brief
• • •
前制定详细的职业规划,不过这对大多数即
moreover [m r v (r)]
ɔː ˈəʊ ə
将毕业的学生来说有些困难。
6 although(虽然/即使;不过/然而)
ad.此外(体现补充/递进关系)
even though/if(虽然;即使)
Moreover, a variety of talent recruitment
websites, including those specially designed
despite [d spa t]
for foreigners in China, are viable options. ɪˈ ɪ
其次,各种人才招聘网站,包括专门为在华 prep.即使;尽管(体现让步关系)
外国人设计的网站,都是可行的选择。 We should adopt a positive outlook on life
6 furthermore;besides;in addition;additionally; despite its inevitable twists and turns.尽管人
what is more; on top of that(均可用于补充信 生难免会有挫折,我们也应该抱有积极的
息,相较而言besides不够正式) 态度。
for one thing...for another... 6 in spite of( 照应上文内容的代词、名词或
+
(主要用于列举原因)
名词结构)
however [ha ev (r)]
though [ ] ʊˈ ə
ðəʊ
ad.然而;不过(体现转折关系)
conj.虽然;(用于主句后引出补充说明)不过
However, the otherwise wonderful scene is
(体现让步/转折关系)
overshadowed by something extremely
Some people, fewer books though they
① unpleasant.然而,一种极其糟糕的情形破坏
have, do everything possible to read them.有
了这本该美好的场景。
些人虽然藏书不多,却想方设法为自己创造
6 but; yet; still; nevertheless; nonetheless
读书的机会。
(but和yet是连词,其余为副词)
A better approach is to lay out a detailed actually; in fact; as a matter of fact(也可表
②
career plan in advance, though it is hard for 示转折,常用于反映理论或理想与现实之间
most soon⁃to⁃be graduates.更好的办法是提 的差异)
256watchfully lest he enter it.一位可怜的老人
instead [ nsted]
刚被自己的大儿子踢出门外。 与此同时,
ɪ ˈ
其他三个子女正严守各自的“球门”,谨防
ad.反而,却;代替,而不是(体现转折关系)
他进入。
Many shortsighted students dismiss those
①
The student on the left dismisses the
challenging courses as burdensome and take ②
lecture as nearly worthless. The student on
much easier classes instead.许多目光短浅的学
the right, meanwhile, views it in a positive
生把富有挑战性的课程视为一种负担,将其
light.左侧的学生认为讲座几乎无用。 与之
排除在考虑范围之外,而去上更容易的课。
相比,右侧的学生则从积极的角度看待这
Instead of giving in to the pressure to
②
场讲座。
follow the herd, we should be courageous to
6 in the meanwhile/meantime 与此同时
stick to what we feel enthusiastic about.我们
at the same time 与此同时;不过
不能屈服于从众的压力,而应敢于坚持自
己热衷的事物。
6 rather than 例:What is needed is a sustained by/in contrast
effort to conquer difficulties rather than an
相比之下(体现对比关系)
excuse to give up.我们需要通过不懈努力克
By/In contrast, the boy in the right picture is
服困难,而非找借口放弃。
reclining in a comfortable armchair with no
intention of doing his homework.相比之下,
while [wa l]
ɪ 右图中的男生倚靠在舒适的扶椅上,丝毫不
conj.(用于句首)尽管;(对比两件事物)而(体
打算做功课。
现让步/转折/对比关系) 注:by contrast 和 in contrast 均可用在句首
While we may not yet have reached the 和句中,后者常用于 in contrast to/with...
①
point of no return,much evidence has warned
(与……形成对比)这一结构中。
us we may be getting awfully close.尽管事态 by/in marked/sharp/stark/striking contrast
还未到“不可挽救”的地步,但大量证据已经 形成鲜明对比
警示我们可能离此地步相当近了。 6 compared with/to sth 与某物相比
In the left picture, the father keeps unlike/different from sth 与某物不同
②
instructing his son to concentrate on his study on the contrary 与之相反
while he himself is having fun watching TV. on (the) one hand...on the other hand
左图中,父亲一直吩咐儿子专心学习,而他 一方面……另一方面……(引出不同的观点)
自己却在开心地看电视。
6 whereas conj.然而,尽管 likewise [ la kwa z]
ˈ ɪ ɪ
(用以比较或对比两个事实)
ad.同样地,类似地;也(体现相似关系)
In the picture, the attacker imagines the
meanwhile [ mi nwa l]
ˈ ː ɪ goalkeeper as a giant. Likewise,the goalkeeper
ad.与此同时;对比之下 thinks of himself as a dwarf.图中,进攻球员把
(体现时间/对比关系) 守门员想象成了巨人。 无独有偶,守门员把自
A pathetic old man has just been kicked 己想成了小矮人。
①
away by his eldest son. Meanwhile, his other 6 similarly; similar to sth; in the same way(均
three children are defending their own goal 可表示相似关系)
257thus [ s] in other words
ðʌ
ad.因此,从而;这样,如此(体现因果关系) 换言之;换句话说(体现解释关系)
It isthustotallyunnecessaryforustohesitate In other words, persistence is the key to
①
to do what we enjoy for fear of disapproval success.换言之,持之以恒便是我们取得成
from others.因此,我们完全没必要因担心他人 功的关键。
的反对而不去做自己喜欢的事。 6 that is to say; to put it another way
An optimistic attitude allows us to keep
②
composure in the face of obstacles, thus in brief
enabling us to put all our energies into
navigating them.乐观的心态能让我们镇定自
总之;简言之(体现总结关系)
若地面对阻碍,从而使我们能够将所有的精 In brief, we should place weight on the
力用于寻找应对办法。 breadth as well as depth of knowledge.简而
言之,除了知识的深度,我们也应注重知识
Chinese people become increasingly proud
③
的广度。
of their own national identity, thus leading to
6 in short; (to put it) in a nutshell; to
the rise in the publics preference for
domestic products over recent years.中国人 summarize;to sumup;in sum;in summary;
越来越为自己的民族身份感到自豪,从而使 to conclude; in conclusion; overall; all in
得近年来公众对国产品牌的偏好上升。 all; on the whole; in general; generally
6 therefore; consequently; hence(用于句中时引 speaking; by and large; taking everything
出名词,如...hence the need for sth ……因此有 into account;all things considered(均可用于
必要做某事); so(连词); so that(后接句子) 总结,但 overall 及之后的表达存在语义差
thereby (通常后接分词短语作结果状语)
异,不能完全互换)
四、建议
1 提出建议:advisable sensible imperative pros and cons
• • •
advisable [ dva z bl] imperative [ mper t v]
ə ˈ ɪ ə ɪ ˈ əɪ
a.明智的;可取的 desirable a.重要紧急的
=
It is advisable for the public to have a clear It is imperative to act now before the problem
understanding of online shopping. gets really serious.必须现在就采取行动,而
对公众来说对网购有清晰的认识是明智的。 不是等到问题变得难以收拾。
sensible [ sens bl] pros and cons
ˈ ə
a.明智的;合理的 wise/rational 利弊
=
it is sensible to do sth/the sensible thing is to Online learning has both its pros and cons.
do sth 做某事是明智的 上网课既有利也有弊。
a sensible idea/choice/suggestion weigh (up)/consider the pros and cons of
明智的主意/抉择/建议 studying abroad 权衡出国留学的利弊
2586 advantages and disadvantages/merits and of social media/digital technology 权衡
~
demerits 利弊/优缺点(weigh/consider the 社交媒体/数字技术的利弊)
2 介绍措施:action move measure
• •
action [ æk n] move [mu v]
ˈ ʃ ː
n.行动;行为 n.行动;举措 step
=
take action to resolve difficulties make a move/take stepstocombat misinformation
采取行动以解决困难 采取措施以打击虚假信息
put a(n) idea/plan into action
把想法/计划付诸实施 measure [ me (r)]
ˈ ʒə
Measures should be taken to raise the publics
awareness of ecological protection and to n.措施;方法
encourage them to start with small actions. take/adopt (tough/drastic) measures to curb
应该采取措施以提高公众的生态保护意识, campus violence
并鼓励他们从小事做起。 采取(严厉的)措施以遏制校园暴力
说明做法:realize tackle navigate give priority to lay/put/place stress/emphasis on
3 • • • • •
prepare for equip with
•
navigate (through) challenges in life
realize [ ri la z] 设法应对生活中的挑战
ˈ ːə ɪ
navigate a pathway through a series of
v.认识到;意识到
developmental stages设法应对不同的发展/
realize the importance and urgency of
成长阶段
protecting wildlife
认识到保护野生动物的重要性和紧迫性
give priority to
Online sellers should realize that they are
ruining their own reputation by adopting such
重视;优先考虑
a wrong approach.网络商家应该明白,采用
give top priority to studies/self⁃improvement
这种错误的方式是在毁坏自己的名声。
优先考虑学习/自我提升
give high/main/major priority to professional
tackle [ tækl] development 高度重视职业发展
ˈ
6 lay/put/place a high priority on 高度重视
v.应付,处理(难题或局面) address/deal
= ( personal integrity 高度重视个人诚信)
~
with/cope with
tackle the problem of food waste/population
lay/put/place stress/emphasis on
aging/data privacy 解决食物浪费/人口老龄
化/数据隐私的问题 强调;重视
place equal emphasis on school and family
navigate [ næv ɡe t] education 同等重视学校与家庭教育
ˈ ɪ ɪ
lay heavy stress on improving problem⁃solving
v.找到正确方法(对付困难复杂的情况) skills 特别重视提升解决问题的能力
navigate obstacles/complicated situations 6 give/attach importance to 重视( protecting
~
应对阻碍/复杂情形 biodiversity 注重保护生物多样性)
259prepare for equip with
使为……做好准备 使具备
prepare ourselves for changes and challenges equip ones children with first⁃class education
in life 使我们自己为(迎接)人生的变化与 使自己的孩子接受一流的教育
挑战做好准备 equip students with the skills necessary for a
prepare college students well/adequately for job 使学生具备必备的工作技能
a competitive job market 使大学生对竞争激 equip undergraduates with a broader perspective
烈的就业市场做好充分准备 on life使本科生具备更广阔的人生视野
6 ready a.准备好的(get for lifes uncertainties 6 equip college students for demanding jobs
~
对人生的不确定因素做好准备) 使大学生能胜任高要求的工作
4 发出呼吁:keep/bear in mind high/about time
•
keep/bear in mind high/about time
谨记 该是……的时候了
keep/bear in mind that there is no shortcut to It is high/about time (that) we took action/
success 牢记成功无捷径 should take action.
We should keep in mind that teamwork has 是我们采取行动的时候了。 (句子使用虚拟语气)
its advantages and make efforts to collaborate As far as I am concerned, it is about time to
with others.我们应该谨记团队合作有其优 take measures to address this issue.
势,并努力与他人合作。 我认为是采取措施来解决这一问题的时候了。
五、总结
1 总结升华:conclusion matter
•
conclusion [k nklu n] matter [ mæt (r)]
ə ˈ ːʒ ˈ ə
n.结论;推论 v.要紧;事关紧要 count
=
From the above discussion, we can draw/ what matters/counts most is...
reach/come to/arrive at a conclusion that... 最重要的是……
从上述讨论中,我们可以得出结论…… Therefore, we should remember that a positive
jump to/leap to a conclusion 或 draw a rash mindset matters a great deal.因此,我们应该谨
conclusion 贸然下结论 记积极的心态十分重要。
2 展望未来:predictably hopefully
•
predictably [pr d kt bli] hopefully [ h pf li]
ɪˈ ɪ ə ˈ əʊ ə
ad.可预料地 ad.有望;但愿(此用法正确性存在争议,但是
Predictably, it is no easy task to tackle this 很常用)
issue, so we must strain every nerve. hopefully, we will...我们有望……
可以预见的是,解决这一问题并非易事,因 hopefully with/through concerted efforts
此我们必须全力以赴。 希望通过共同努力
260第三单元 词句多样表达
第一节 词的多样化
一、词性变换
1 动词 名词
↔
contribute [k ntr bju t] v.贡献 contribution [ k ntr bju n] n.贡献
ə ˈ ɪ ː ↔ ˌ ɒ ɪˈ ːʃ
contribute to make contributions to my hometown/rural revitalization
↔
为我的家乡/乡村振兴做出贡献
tend [tend] v.往往会 tendency [ tend nsi] n.倾向;偏好
↔ ˈ ə
tend to have a tendency to shy away from normal social interactions
↔
往往会回避正常的社交
decide [d sa d] v.决定 decision [d s n] n.决定
ɪˈ ɪ ↔ ɪˈ ɪʒ
decide to make/take a decision to work as an intern 决定实习
↔
reach/come to/arrive at a decision on/about sth 就某事做出决定
a conscious/deliberate/hasty decision 慎重/深思熟虑/仓促的决定
choose [t u z] v.选择 choice [t s] n.选择
ʃ ː ↔ ʃɔɪ
choose to make a choice to start a business选择创业
↔
choose between make a choice between family and career在家庭和事业之间选择
↔
We cannot choose but have no choice but to或have no other choice than/except to equip ourselves with the
↔
ability to meet challenges.我们别无选择,只能使自己具备迎接挑战的能力。
intend [ ntend] v.打算 intention [ nten n] n.打算
ɪ ˈ ↔ ɪ ˈ ʃ
intend to study abroad with the intention of studying abroad 打算留学
↔
have no/every intention of completing the assignments
毫无打算/一心只想完成任务
2 动词 形容词
↔
suit [su t] v.适合;使感到满意 suitable [ su t bl] a.适宜的
ː ↔ ˈ ːə
use your intellect to figure out what suits you best is most suitable for you
↔
用理智来找出最适合你的路
suit your needs/requirements/tastes 满足您的需要/要求/口味
a suitable place/time to meet 适合见面的地点/时间
diversify [da v s fa ] v.(使)多样化 diverse [da v s] a.多种多样的
ɪˈ ɜː ɪ ɪ ↔ ɪˈ ɜː
diversify the courses provide diverse courses 使课程多样化
↔
people from diverse cultures 来自不同文化(背景)的人
hold diverse views on this issue 在这一问题上持有不同的看法
261tighten [ ta tn] v.(使)变紧;使更加严格 tight [ta t] a.紧的;严格的
ˈ ɪ ↔ ɪ
tighten up on management impose tight management 加强管理
↔
tighten the grip on keep a tight grip on sth加强对某事的控制
↔
a tight budget/schedule 紧张的预算/日程;a tight job market 严峻的就业市场
maximize [ mæks ma z] v.使最大化 maximum [ mæksm m] a.最大化的
ˈ ɪ ɪ ↔ ˈ ɪ ə
Only in this way can we maximize the benefit of online education online education be of maximum benefit.
↔
只有这样,在线教育才能发挥最大效益。
maximize make maximum use of opportunities 充分利用机会
↔
develop our capabilities to the maximum 最大限度地发挥我们的能力
minimize the risks/damage/loss 将风险/伤害/损失降到最低
reduce screen time to the minimum 将屏幕(使用)时间减至最少
relate [r le t] v. to 与……有关 related [r le t d] a.相关的
ɪˈ ɪ <~ > ↔ ɪˈ ɪɪ
closely relate to be closely related to economic prosperity 与经济繁荣密切相关
↔
The drop in the number of wild species was closely related to the growth of population.
野生物种数量的减少与人口增长密切相关。
related issues/fields 相关的问题/领域;career⁃related topics 职业相关的话题
6 be connected with sth 与某物相关;connect A with B 将A与B联系起来
be linked to sth 与某物相关;link A to/with B 将A与B联系起来
be bound with/be tied up with sth 与某事物密切相关
A and B are interrelated/interconnected A和B相互关联
3 名词 形容词
↔
awareness [ we n s] n.知道;意识 aware [ we (r)] a.知道的;意识到的
əˈ ə ə ↔ əˈ ə
have/develop an awareness of be/become aware of the importance of self⁃confidence 意识到自信的重要性
↔
raise/increase/heighten/enhance public awareness 增强公众的意识
there is a(n) growing/increasing awareness that... ……意识日益增强
access [ ækses] n.(接触的)机会 accessible [ kses bl] a.可/易接触的
ˈ ↔ ə ˈ ə
people have/get/gain more access to higher education higher education is more accessible to people
↔
人们有更多机会接受高等教育
activities that provide access to the frontier areas of science and technology
能够使(人们)接触到科技前沿的活动
services/facilities that are easily/readily accessible to the public
公众很容易享受到的服务/可随时使用的设施
variety [v ra ti] n.不同种类 various [ ve ri s] a.各种各样的
əˈ ɪə ↔ ˈ ə ə
a variety of various activities 各种各样的活动
↔
a wide variety of occupations 各行各业;a life full of variety 丰富多彩的生活
difficulty [ d f k lti] n.困难 difficult [ d f k lt] a.困难的
ˈ ɪ ɪ ə ↔ ˈ ɪ ɪ ə
find it difficult to land have difficulty (in) landing a decent job 找份好工作很难
↔
have difficulties with digital devices 在数字设备(的使用)方面有困难
run into/get into/experience/encounter difficulties 遭遇困难
overcome/resolve/conquer difficulties 克服/解决/战胜困难
262importance [ mp tns] n.重要性 important [ mp tnt] a.重要的
ɪ ˈ ɔː ↔ ɪ ˈ ɔː
be of importance important 是重要的
↔
注:significance significant、value valuable、help helpful、benefit beneficial、necessity necessary 等表抽
↔ ↔ ↔ ↔ ↔
象含义的组合中的名词适用于“be of 名词 形容词”的转换,名词前可增补 no、little、great、considerable 等
+ =
修饰词,说明程度;名词后可增补to sb/sth,引出对象。
二、近/反义词的表达
1 表示增进、提升的动词:promote boost enhance strengthen raise
• • •
boost [bu st] v.使增长;使兴旺
ː
boost ones confidence/ego/morale 增加信心/自尊/士气
boost the economy 促进经济增长;boost ones career 促进职业发展
boost ones efficiency/performance/competitiveness 提升效率/业绩/竞争力
enhance [ nhɑ ns] v.提高;增强
ɪ ˈ ː
enhance the joy of learning 增添学习的乐趣
enhance understanding and friendship among countries and peoples
增进各国及各国人民之间的了解和友谊
strengthen [ streŋ n] v.加强;增强
ˈ
strengthen the ties/bonds/links/relationships 加强联系
strengthen moral education 加强德育;strengthen the rule of law 加强法治
raise [re z] v.提高;提升
ɪ
raise ones spirits 打起精神;raise the standards of living 提高生活水平
raise ones hope 唤起希望;raise the academic standards 提高学术标准
2 表示削弱、降低的动词:decline reduce weaken undermine lower
• • •
weaken [ wi k n] v.(使)减弱,削弱
ˈ ː ə
weaken sbs confidence/resolution 动摇某人的信心/决心
weaken the influence/power/position of sb 削弱某人的影响/权力/地位
undermine [ nd ma n] v.逐渐削弱;暗中破坏
ˌʌ əˈ ɪ
undermine trust and cooperation 破坏信任与合作
undermine the chances of success 降低成功的机会
lower [ l (r)] v.降低
ˈəʊə
lower prices 降低物价;lower the quality standards 降低质量标准
lower the threshold of starting a business 降低创业的门槛
3 表示加重、加剧的动词:add worsen aggravate deteriorate
• •
worsen [ w sn] v.(使)恶化,加剧
ˈ ɜː
worsen the problem/situation 使问题/局势更糟
job prospects/relationships tend to worsen 就业前景/关系变得越来越糟
263aggravate [ æɡr ve t] v.使严重;使恶化
ˈ ə ɪ
aggravate the problem/situation 使问题/局势恶化
aggravate differences/tensions/conflicts 加剧分歧/紧张局势/冲突
deteriorate [d t ri re t] v.恶化;退化
ɪˈɪə ə ɪ
deteriorating weather conditions/air quality/ecological environment
不断恶化的天气状况/空气质量/生态环境
4 表示减轻、缓解的动词:ease lessen relieve alleviate
• •
lessen [ lesn] v.(使)减弱,减轻
ˈ
lessen the pain/burden 减轻痛苦/负担
lessen the risk/possibility of conflict 降低冲突的风险/几率
relieve [r li v] v.减轻;缓和
ɪˈ ː
relieve anxiety/guilt/stress/pressure 缓解忧虑/内疚/压力
relieve poverty/unemployment/traffic congestion
缓解贫困/失业/交通拥堵
alleviate [ li vie t] v.减轻;缓解
əˈ ː ɪ
alleviate the impact of a fast⁃paced lifestyle on health
减轻快节奏的生活方式给健康带来的影响
alleviate boredom/distress/depression/loneliness 缓解无聊/痛苦/郁闷/孤独
5 表示扩大、扩展的动词:enlarge widen expand extend
• • •
enlarge [ nlɑ d ] v.(使)扩大,放大
ɪ ˈ ː ʒ
enlarge the recreation area/science museum/stadium
扩建娱乐场地/科技馆/体育场
widen [ wa dn] v.(使)变宽,扩展 broaden
ˈ ɪ =
widen the gap/gulf/divide between...扩大……之间的差距/隔阂/分歧
widen/broaden ones mind/horizons/knowledge 开阔思想/拓宽视野/拓展知识面
expand [ kspænd] v.扩大(数量);扩展(交际、业务等)
ɪ ˈ
expand the businesses/services/market 扩展业务/服务/市场
expand ones vocabulary 扩大词汇量;expand ones (social) circle 扩大交际圈
extend [ kstend] v.扩大(范围);延长(期限)
ɪ ˈ
extend the application range 扩大应用范围
extend the deadline/visa/opening hours 延长最后期限/签证期限/营业时间
6 表示获得、实现的动词:gain achieve obtain acquire attain realize fulfill
• • • • •
obtain [ bte n] v.(尤指经努力)获得,获取
ə ˈ ɪ
obtain the bachelors/masters degree 获得学士/硕士学位
obtain information/permission/approval 获得信息/许可/批准
264acquire [ kwa (r)] v.获得(知识、技能等);培养(习惯、品质)
əˈ ɪə
acquire knowledge 获得知识
acquire new/professional skills 获得新技能/专业技能
attain [ te n] v.(通过长时间努力)获得;达到(某一境界)
əˈ ɪ
attain the highest grade 获得最高分;attain perfection 达到完美(的境地)
realize [ ri la z] v.实现;将……变为现实
ˈ ːə ɪ
realize ones full potential 充分发挥潜力
realize ones dreams/ambitions/aspirations/goals 实现梦想/志向/抱负/目标
fulfill [f lf l] v.实现;符合;履行(英式拼写为fulfil)
ʊˈ ɪ
fulfill ones role/duty/obligation/promise/pledge 履行职责/义务/诺言
fulfill oneself 实现自我价值;fulfill the requirement/need 符合要求/需要
7 表示阻止、禁止的动词:stop prevent forbid ban prohibit
• • •
prevent [pr vent] v.阻止;防止
ɪˈ
prevent accidents/pollution/brain drain 防止事故/污染/人才流失
prevent sb from engaging in unethical behavior 防止某人参与不道德的行为
forbid [f b d] v.禁止;不准
əˈ ɪ
forbid minors to drink alcohol/from drinking alcohol 禁止未成年人饮酒
ban [bæn] v.(以官方明令)禁止
ban smoking in public places 禁止在公共场所吸烟
ban drivers from cell⁃phone use while driving 禁止司机在开车时使用手机
prohibit [pr h b t] v.(以法令)禁止
əˈ ɪ ɪ
prohibit littering/treading on the lawn 禁止乱丢垃圾/践踏草坪
8 表示惩罚、处罚的名词:fine punishment penalty
• •
fine [fa n] n.罚金;罚款
ɪ
impose fines on owners who walk their dogs without a leash对遛狗不牵绳者处以罚款
get heavy fines for discharging waste water into local rivers
因向当地河流排放污水被处以巨额罚款
punishment [ p n m nt] n.惩罚;处罚
ˈ ʌ ɪʃ ə
impose a punishment on drunk drivers对酒驾者施以处罚
receive harsh/severe punishments for school bullying/academic cheating
因校园暴力/学术造假行为而受到严厉惩罚
physical punishment 体罚;combine rewards with punishments 奖惩结合
penalty [ pen lti] n.(因违反法律、规则或合约而受到的)刑罚,罚款
ˈ ə
impose heavy/harsh/severe penalties on tax evaders 对逃税者施以重罚
face penalties for neglecting children/abusing elderly people
因疏于照管儿童/虐待老人而面临处罚
2659 表示方式、方法的名词:way method approach means
• •
method [ me d] n.(尤指熟知及经常使用的)方法,办法
ˈ ə
a new method of/for solving the problem 解决问题的新方法
the teaching method 教学方法;the method of payment 支付方式
approach [ pr t ] n.(待人接物或处理问题的)方式,方法
əˈ əʊʃ
an approach to raising children 育儿方法;a multi⁃pronged approach 多管齐下的办法
means [mi nz] n.方式;手段
ː
a means of transport/communication 交通工具/交流方式
a means of assessing performance 评估表现的手段
10 表示困难、阻碍的名词:difficulty hardship obstacle barrier
• •
hardship [ hɑ d p] n.艰难;困苦
ˈ ː ʃɪ
suffer/endure hardships 遭受/忍受困难;in times of hardship 在困难的时候
obstacle [ bst kl] n.障碍;阻碍 hindrance
ˈɒ ə =
an obstacle to building good habits 养成好习惯的阻碍
a(n) obstacle/hindrance to academic success 学业成功的阻碍
overcome/remove/eliminate/clear away an obstacle 克服/清除障碍
barrier [ bæri (r)] n.障碍;隔阂
ˈ ə
overcome/break down/tear down a barrier 克服/打破障碍
language/communication/cultural/geographical/technical/trade barriers
语言障碍/沟通障碍/文化隔阂/地理阻隔/技术阻碍/贸易壁垒
11 表示巨大、大量的形容词:vast massive enormous considerable tremendous
• • • •
vast [vɑ st] a.(面积、数量等)巨大的;广阔的
ː
a vast amount of information 大量信息;a vast crowd 一大群人
vast knowledge 渊博的知识;the vast majority of...绝大多数……
massive [ mæs v] a.(数额、规模等)巨大的
ˈ ɪ
massive debts 巨额的债务;massive destruction 大规模的破坏
a massive success/hit 巨大的成功;a massive blow 巨大的打击
enormous [ n m s] a.(数量、兴趣、问题等)巨大的 immense
ɪˈ ɔː ə =
enormous/immense interest/challenges 浓厚的兴趣/巨大的挑战
an enormous/immense amount of time and energy 大量的时间和精力
considerable [k ns d r bl] a.相当多(或大、重要等)的 substantial
ə ˈ ɪ ə ə =
considerable/substantial damage 巨大的伤害
a considerable/substantial achievement 重大的成就
tremendous [tr mend s] a.(尤指影响)巨大的;极好的
əˈ ə
a tremendous experience/performance 极好的经历/精彩的表现
tremendous changes 巨变;a tremendous effect/impact/influence 巨大的影响
26612 表示重要、必要的形容词:vital crucial necessary integral indispensable
• • • •
vital [ va tl] a.极为重要的;必不可少的 essential
ˈ ɪ =
be vital/essential to/for health 对于健康极为重要
crucial [ kru l] a.至关重要的;关键性的 critical
ˈ ːʃ =
be crucial/critical to our success 对于我们的成功至关重要
a crucial/critical factor/decision/moment 至关重要的因素/决定/时刻
necessary [ nes s ri] a.必要的;必然的
ˈ ə ə
a necessary result/consequence 必然的结果
skills necessary for a fast⁃paced world 应对快速发展的世界所必备的技能
integral [ nt ɡr l] a.(用于构成整体)必需的,必不可少的
ˈɪ ɪ ə
an integral part of our daily lives我们日常生活中必不可少的一部分
indispensable [ nd spens bl] a.不可或缺的;必不可少的
ˌɪ ɪˈ ə
be indispensable to our team 对于我们的团队不可或缺
be indispensable for achieving success 对于取得成功不可或缺
注:be of vital/essential/crucial/critical importance 至关重要
play a(n) vital/essential/crucial/critical/indispensable role发挥重要/不可或缺的作用
13 表示有用、有益的形容词:helpful beneficial rewarding conducive
• •
beneficial [ ben f l] a.有利的;有帮助的 favorable/advantageous
ˌ ɪˈ ɪʃ =
be beneficial/favorable/advantageous to all 对大家都有益
rewarding [r w d ŋ] a.(活动等)有益的,值得做的;报酬高的
ɪˈ ɔː ɪ
be financially rewarding 经济回报丰厚的
a rewarding experience/job 有意义的经历/工作
conducive [k ndju s v] a.(常指环境、品质等)有助于……的
ə ˈ ː ɪ
an environment conducive to learning 有助于学习的环境
14 表示有害、无益的形容词:bad harmful detrimental
•
harmful [ hɑ mfl] a.(尤指对健康、环境等)有害的
ˈ ː
be harmful to the environment 对环境有害;harmful habits 不良习惯
detrimental [ detr mentl] a.有害的;不利的 damaging
ˌ ɪˈ =
have a detrimental/damaging effect on wildlife 对野生动物有不利影响
be detrimental/damaging to our career advancement 不利于我们的事业发展
15 表示突出、卓越的形容词:excellent striking remarkable outstanding
• •
striking [ stra k ŋ] a.(特征等)显著的,突出的 marked
ˈ ɪ ɪ =
a striking feature 显著的特征;a striking example突出的例子
a striking change/contrast/similarity/parallel 显著的变化/差异/相似性
267remarkable [r mɑ k bl] a.(成就等)显著的,非凡的
ɪˈ ː ə
be remarkable for ones intelligence 才智出众
a remarkable achievement/accomplishment/feat 非凡的成就
make remarkable progress 取得显著进步;a remarkable event 引人瞩目的事件
outstanding [a tstænd ŋ] a.出色的;杰出的
ʊˈ ɪ
a(n) outstanding/distinguished/eminent/prominent scholar 杰出的学者
an outstanding example 杰出的典范;an outstanding performance 精彩的表现
第二节 句的多样化
一、句式变换
1 从句或谓语部分变换为分词短语
①常规句:The GPA⁃based evaluation system which is implemented by educational institutions is culpable for
fostering such inertia.
变换句:The GPA⁃based evaluation system implemented by educational institutions is culpable for fostering such
inertia.
译文:教育机构推行的基于平均学分绩点的评价体系对于助长这种惰性难辞其咎。
②常规句:Such a tendency, if left as it is, will inevitably damage interpersonal relations over time, which will
cause misunderstanding and distrust.
变换句:Such a tendency, if left as it is, will inevitably damage interpersonal relations over time, causing
misunderstanding and distrust.
译文:这种趋势若继续发展下去,久而久之必然会破坏人际关系,导致误解与不信任。
③常规句:They fail to get their priorities right and easily fall into the vicious cycle of procrastination.
变换句 :Failing to get their priorities right, they easily fall into the vicious cycle of procrastination.
1
变换句 :They fail to get their priorities right, easily falling into the vicious cycle of procrastination.
2
译文:他们分不清事情的轻重缓急,(因而)容易陷入拖延的恶性循环中。
2 从句变换为不定式短语
①常规句:There will always be obstacles that we must face and overcome on our way to success.
变换句:There will always be obstacles to face and overcome on our way to success.
译文:在我们通往成功的路上,总是会有阻碍要面对和克服。
②常规句:I am pleased to offer several suggestions so that I could help you make a smooth transition to the campus
life here.
变换句:To/In order to help you make a smooth transition to the campus life here, I am pleased to offer several
suggestions.
译文:为了帮助你们顺利地向校园生活过渡,我很乐意提供几点建议。
3 从句或谓语部分变换为形容词短语
①常规句:This will equip us with various expertise and skills which are necessary for adapting to an increasingly
competitive and ever⁃changing job market.
268变换句:This will equip us with various expertise and skills necessary for adapting to an increasingly competitive
and ever⁃changing job market.
译文:这将使我们具备各种必要的专业知识和技能以适应竞争越发激烈、变化越发迅猛的就业市场。
②常规句:In the left picture, a man is lolling back in his chair and is smug about a shelf full of books in front
of him.
变换句:In the left picture, a man is lolling back in his chair, smug about a shelf full of books in front of him.
译文:左图中,一个人懒洋洋地靠在椅子上,望着眼前整整一书架的书沾沾自喜。
4 从句或谓语部分变换为名词短语
常规句:The pictures highlight the significance of self⁃discipline, which is/and this is the ability to make ourselves do
what we ought to do without being urged by someone else.
变换句:The pictures highlight the significance of self⁃discipline, the ability to make ourselves do what we ought to
do without being urged by someone else.
译文:图片强调自律的重要性,即在没有他人敦促的情况下也能去做自己应该做的事。
5 从句变换为介词短语
①常规句:Those who have an interdisciplinary background are more likely to stand out.
变换句:Those with an interdisciplinary background are more likely to stand out.
译文:拥有跨学科背景的人更有可能脱颖而出。
②常规句:There is growing concern that smartphones have adverse effects on social life.
变换句:There is growing concern over the adverse effects of smartphones on social life.
译文:人们越来越担心智能手机对社交生活产生的负面影响。
6 定语从句变换为名词性从句(此处特指主语/宾语/表语从句)
①常规句:The thing that is needed is a sustained effort to conquer these obstacles.
变换句:What is needed is a sustained effort to conquer these obstacles.
译文:我们需要不懈的努力来克服这些障碍。
②常规句:I would like to offer some suggestions on the way in which you can find a job in China.
变换句:I would like to offer some suggestions on how you can find a job in China.
译文:针对如何在中国找工作,我想给你一些建议。
7 肯定句变换为双重否定、意义肯定的句子
①常规句:In the entertainment era, it is common for the young to idolize stars.
变换句:In the entertainment era, it is not uncommon for the young to idolize stars.
译文:在娱乐时代,年轻人追星并不少见。
②常规句:We should realize the importance of knowledge across fields.
变换句:We should never underestimate the importance of knowledge across fields.
译文:我们绝不应低估跨领域知识的重要性。
③常规句:Something will be achieved if we can overcome inertia.
变换句:Nothing will be achieved without overcoming inertia.
译文:不克服惰性将一事无成。
2698 肯定句变换为形式否定、意义肯定的句子
①常规句:The significance of self⁃discipline should be stressed.
变换句:The significance of self⁃discipline cannot be stressed enough.
译文:自律的重要性再怎么强调都不为过。
②常规句:At such a tough moment, we can only grit our teeth.
变换句:At such a tough moment, we have no choice but to grit our teeth.
译文:在这样的艰难时刻,我们别无选择,只能咬紧牙关。
③常规句:For some people, books are only decorations.
变换句:For some people, books are nothing but decorations.
译文:对有些人来说,书籍只不过是一种装饰。
④常规句:Perhaps family affection is the most important thing.
变换句:Perhaps nothing is more important than family affection.
译文:或许没有什么比亲情更重要。
9 否定句变换为形式肯定、意义否定的句子
①常规句:Parents should teach by example, not by command.
变换句:Parents should teach more by example than by command.
译文:父母应该更多地以身作则,而非只提要求。
②常规句:These fervent fans have not realized that what deserves to be imitated is their idols good behaviors.
变换句:These fervent fans have yet to realize that what deserves to be imitated is their idols good behaviors.
译文:这些疯狂的粉丝还未意识到值得他们效仿的是偶像的良好行为。
③常规句:We should never surrender our dreams for fear of disapproval from others.
变换句:The last thing we should do is (to) surrender our dreams for fear of disapproval from others.
译文:我们绝不应该因担心他人的反对而放弃自己的梦想。
二、特殊句型
1 强调句
常规句:This experience opened his mind to a myriad of ideas.
变换句:It was this experience that opened his mind to a myriad of ideas.
译文:正是这段经历让他接触到了各种各样的观点。
2 倒装句
①常规句:We can realize our personal ambitions only through constant efforts.
变换句:Only through constant efforts can we realize our personal ambitions.
译文:只有不断努力,我们才能实现自己的抱负。
②常规句:I did not find your CD in my luggage until yesterday when I came to Beijing.
变换句:Not until yesterday when I came to Beijing did I find your CD in my luggage.
译文:直到昨天返回北京后,我才在行李箱里发现了你的CD。
270③常规句:When we get closer to the finishing line, we feel more fatigued and lazier.
变换句:The closer we get to the finishing line, the more fatigued and lazier we feel.
译文:我们越接近终点线,就越会感到疲惫慵懒。
3 it充当形式主语的句子
①常规句:To cultivate in ourselves this crucial habit is necessary if we want to achieve something impressive.
变换句:It is necessary (for us) to cultivate in ourselves this crucial habit if we want to achieve something
impressive.
译文:但凡我们想有所作为,就有必要在自己身上培养这一关键的习惯。
②常规句:To requite parents for their care and upbringing is our basic obligation.
变换句:It is our basic obligation to requite parents for their care and upbringing.
译文:报答父母的养育之恩是我们应尽的基本义务。
③常规句:To shake off inertia takes a tremendous amount of self⁃discipline.
变换句:It takes a tremendous amount of self⁃discipline to shake off inertia.
译文:要摆脱惰性需要很强的自制力。
4 被动语态
①常规句:We should see virtual life as a complement to real life.
变换句:Virtual life should be seen as a complement to real life.
译文:虚拟生活应被看作是现实生活的补充。
②常规句:Many people acknowledge that persistence is the key to success.
变换句:It is widely acknowledged that persistence is the key to success.
译文:人们普遍认为持之以恒是取得成功的关键。
5 使用虚拟语气的句型
①常规句:Now we must take effective measures to tackle this issue.
变换句:It is high time we took/should take effective measures to tackle this issue.
译文:是时候采取有效措施来应对这一问题了。
②常规句:Celebrities need to be well⁃mannered so as to set a good example to young people.
变换句:Celebrities need to be well⁃mannered lest they (should) set a poor example to young people.
译文:名人需要举止得当,以免为年轻人立下坏榜样。
271第四单元 热点话题预测
一、商业经济
. 行业发展
1
·行业门类·
banking bæŋk ŋ n.银行业
[ˈ ɪ ]
finance fa næns n.财政 金融
[ˈ ɪ ] ;
fishery f ri n.渔业 水产业
[ˈ ɪʃə ] ;
retailing ri te l ŋ n.零售业
[ˈ ː ɪɪ ]
agriculture æɡr k lt r n.农业 农学
[ˈ ɪ ʌ ʃə( )] ;
wholesaling h lse l ŋ n.批发业
[ˈ əʊ ɪɪ ]
manufacturing mænjufækt r ŋ n.制造业
[ˌ ˈ ʃə ɪ ]
housing sector房地产行业
tobacco industry烟草行业
automotive sector汽车行业
catering industry餐饮服务行业
railroad industry铁路行业
primary industry第一产业
secondary industry第二产业
food service sector食品服务行业
light/heavy industry轻/重工业
express delivery sector快递行业
transportation industry交通运输业
rising/emerging industry新兴产业
clothing/garment industry服装行业
information technology industry信息技术产业
trademark tre dmɑ k n.商标
[ˈ ɪ ː ]
the gig economy零工经济
the cyber⁃economy网络经济
the digital economy数字经济
the low⁃carbon economy低碳经济
the night⁃time economy夜间经济
the street vendor economy地摊经济
cultural consumption文化消费
low⁃carbon consumption低碳消费
eco⁃friendly consumption环境友好型消费
·经济模式·
logo l ɡ n.标识 标志
[ˈəʊ əʊ] ;
brand brænd n.品牌
[ ]
export eksp t n.出口 输出
[ˈ ɔː ] ;
import mp t n.进口 输入
[ˈɪ ɔː ] ;
·发展趋势·
bubble b bl n.泡沫 持续不长的 好景
[ˈ ʌ ] ;( )
deficit def s t n.赤字 逆差
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ] ;
revival r va vl n.振兴 复苏
[ ɪˈ ɪ ] ;
deflation di fle n n.通货紧缩
[ˌ ːˈ ɪʃ ]
inflation nfle n n.通货膨胀
[ɪ ˈ ɪʃ ]
recession r se n n.经济衰退
[ ɪˈ ʃ ]
standstill stændst l n.停顿 停滞
[ˈ ɪ ] ;
economic bedrock经济基础
economic stability经济稳定
economic slowdown经济放缓
economic vigor/vitality经济活力
economic prospect/outlook经济前景
boom⁃bust cycle经济的盛衰周期
seasonal fluctuation季节性波动
innovation⁃driven development创新驱动型发展
long⁃term stability and prosperity长期稳定繁荣
. 交易活动
2
reservation rez ve n n.预订 预约
·客户服务· [ˌ əˈ ɪʃ ] ;
transaction trænzæk n n.交易 业务
[ ˈ ʃ ] ;
coupon ku p n n.配给券 优惠券
[ˈ ː ɒ ] ;
refund ri f nd n.退款 返还款 group buying团购
[ˈ ː ʌ ] ;
takeout te ka t n.外卖食物 sales return销售退货
[ˈ ɪ ʊ ]
272free delivery免费送货
mortgage payment按揭付款
early bird discount早鸟折扣
special offer/order特价优惠/特别定制
value⁃added service增值服务
magazine subscription杂志订阅
premature consumption超前消费
after⁃sales service/agreement售后服务/协议
·交易主体·
client kla nt n.客户 顾客
[ˈ ɪə ] ;
consumer k nsju m r n.消费者 顾客
[ ə ˈ ː ə( )] ;
merchant m t nt n.商人 批发商
[ˈ ɜːʃə ] ;
producer pr dju s r n.生产商 制造商
[ əˈ ː ə( )] ;
supplier s pla r n.供应者 供货商
[ əˈ ɪə( )] ;
purchaser p t s r n.购买人 买主
[ˈ ɜːʃə ə( )] ;
shopkeeper pki p r n.店主
[ˈʃɒ ː ə( )]
salesperson se lzp sn n.推销员
[ˈ ɪ ɜː ]
sales clerk店员 售货员
;
regular customer常客 老主顾
;
service provider服务提供商
targeted customer/consumer
目标客户/消费者
·交易客体·
luxury l k ri n.奢侈品
[ˈʌ ʃə ]
article ɑ t kl n.物件 物品
[ˈ ːɪ ] ;
bargain bɑ ɡ n n.减价品 便宜货
[ˈ ː ə ] ;
produce pr dju s n.产品 农产品
[ˈ ɒ ː ] ;
commodity k m d ti n.商品
[ əˈ ɒ ə ]
best seller畅销品
plastic item塑料制品
smaller dish小份菜
daily necessity日用品
off⁃price merchandise折扣商品
quality goods/product优质商品/产品
·交易场所·
mall m l n.购物商场 购物广场
[ ɔː ] ;
chain t e n n.连锁商店 或旅馆
[ ʃ ɪ ] ( )
online shop网店
physical shop实体店
clothing outlet服装专卖店
shopping centre购物中心
second⁃hand store二手商店
. 市场竞争
3
product marketing产品营销
·商业竞争·
resource monopoly资源垄断
patent pætnt n.专利 专利证书 financing activity融资活动
[ˈ ] ;
turnover t n v r n.营业额 成交量 promotion strategy促销策略
[ˈɜː əʊ ə( )] ;
billboard b lb d n.大幅广告牌 merger and acquisition兼并收购
[ˈ ɪ ɔː ]
expansion kspæn n n.扩张 扩大 trade barrier/sanction贸易壁垒/制裁
[ɪ ˈ ʃ ] ;
marketing mɑ k t ŋ n.市场营销 market share/popularity市场份额/知名度
[ˈ ː ɪɪ ]
bankruptcy bæŋkr ptsi n.破产 domestic/Japanese/European brand
[ˈ ʌ ]
commercial k m l n. 电台或电视播放的 广告 国产/日系/欧洲品牌
[ əˈ ɜːʃ ] ( )
sponsorship sp ns p n.资助 赞助款
[ˈ ɒ əʃɪ ] ;
productivity pr d kt v ti n.生产率 生产效率
[ˌ ɒ ʌ ˈɪ ə ] ;
advertisement dv t sm nt n.广告
[ə ˈ ɜːɪ ə ]
price dumping低价倾销
profit margin利润率
random charges乱收费
brand upgrading品牌升级
reward mechanism奖励机制
·组织机构·
giant d a nt n.大公司 强大的组织
[ˈ ʒ ɪə ] ;
agency e d nsi n.服务机构
[ˈ ɪ ʒə ]
start⁃up stɑ t p n.初创企业
[ˈ ː ʌ ]
enterprise ent pra z n.公司 企业
[ˈ ə ɪ ] ;
corporation k p re n n. 大 公司
[ˌ ɔː əˈ ɪʃ ] ( )
tech giant科技巨头
273media group传媒集团
joint venture合资企业
private enterprise民营企业
state⁃owned enterprise国有企业
small and micro business小微企业
Internet start⁃up新兴互联网公司
multinational corporation跨国公司
stock st k n.股份 股票
[ ɒ ] ;
automobile t m bi l n.汽车
[ˈɔːə ə ː ]
marginal market边缘市场
bear/bull market熊/牛市
saturated market饱和市场
rural/urban market农村/城市市场
mobile phone market手机市场
·市场类型·
domestic/foreign market国内/国外市场
gold ɡ ld n.金 黄金 global/regional marketplace全球/区域市场
[ əʊ ] ;
二、社会热点
. 社会调查
1
·社会问题·
ageing e d ŋ n.变老 苍老
[ˈ ɪ ʒɪ ] ;
inequality n kw l ti n.不平等 不平衡
[ˌɪ ɪˈ ɒə ] ;
urban sprawl城市蔓延
cyber violence网暴
domestic violence家暴
sexual assault性侵害
supply deficiency供应短缺
traffic paralysis交通瘫痪
jerry⁃built project豆腐渣工程
a materialistic society物质社会
corruption and bribery贪污贿赂
poverty⁃stricken people贫困人口
illegal online donation非法网络捐赠
cyber fraud and gambling网络诈骗和赌博
irrational celebrity worship非理性的名人崇拜
blind pursuing and speculation盲目的追求和炒作
Generation Z Z世代
smartphone addict手机迷 低头族
;
consumer generation消费者世代
sandwich generation三明治一代
Internet/Wechat user互联网/微信用户
social media influencer社交媒体影响者
the generation after 80s/90s 后/ 后一代
80 90
the younger/older generation年轻一代/老一辈人
the slash generation/slash youths斜杠青年
·现象群体·
celebrity s lebr ti n.名人 名流
[ əˈ ə ] ;
millennials m leni lz n.千禧一代
[ ɪˈ ə ]
Generation Y Y世代
·社会发展·
census sens s n.人口普查
[ˈ ə ]
overpopulation v p pjule n n.人口过剩
[ˌəʊ əˌ ɒ ˈ ɪʃ ]
city cluster城市集群
population boom人口激增
living standards生活水平
urban integration城市一体化
education opportunity教育机会
ethnic minority group少数民族群体
population distribution人口分布
rural/urban development农村/城市发展
eldercare⁃oriented design面向老年人的设计
a new model for human progress
人类文明新形态
274. 科技新潮
2
·科技生活·
AI e a abbr.人工智能
[ˌ ɪˈ ɪ]
app æp n.应用软件
[ ]
QR code二维码
audio file音频文件
smart home智能家居
screen time屏幕时间
shared bike共享单车
graphic text图像文本
social media社交媒体
live streaming直播
online platform在线平台
voice assistant语音助手
official account官方账号
facial recognition面部识别
wearable technology可穿戴技术
digital/mobile payment数字/移动支付
user⁃generated content用户生成内容
science account follower科学公众号的关注者
glasses⁃free 3D technology裸眼 D技术
3
short⁃form/long⁃form video短/长视频
data analyst数据分析师
cloud computing云计算
the block chain区块链
virtual reality虚拟现实
intelligent chip智能芯片
a casual friendship 搭子 /临时友谊
“ ”
AI as a ghostwriter AI论文代写
military⁃style travel特种兵式旅游
“ ”
an internet⁃famous site 网红 打卡地
“ ”
emotional virtual product情绪虚拟商品
·新潮概念·
e⁃sport i sp t n.电子竞技
[ ː ɔː ]
e⁃business i b zn s n.电子商务 公司
[ ː ˈ ɪ ə ] ( )
e⁃commerce i k m s n.电子商务
[ ː ˈ ɒ ɜː ]
digitalization d d t la ze n n.数字化
[ˌ ɪ ʒɪə ɪˈ ɪʃ ]
city walk城市漫步
hybrid working混合办公
·科技问题·
hacker hæk r n.黑客
[ˈ ə( )]
piracy pa r si n.盗版行为
[ˈ ɪ ə ]
cyber/data theft网络/数据盗窃
online addiction网瘾
sanctions in technology
科技方面的制裁
cyber attack网络攻击
information security/disorder信息安全/混乱
·科技工业·
aerospace e r spe s n.航空航天 工业
[ˈ ə əʊ ɪ ] ( )
automaker t me k r n.汽车制造商
[ˈɔːəʊ ɪ ə( )]
3D Printing D打印
3
smart factory智能工厂
automated machine自动化机器
logistics company物流公司
self⁃driving automobile自动驾驶汽车
high⁃tech manufacturing高科技制造
. 环境保护
3
community k mju n ti n. 动植物的 群落
·生物生态· [ əˈ ː ə ] ( )
ecosystem i k s st m n.生态系统
[ˈː əʊ ɪ ə ]
soil s l n.土壤 biodiversity ba da v s ti n.生物多样性
[ ɔɪ ] [ˌ ɪəʊ ɪˈ ɜː ə ]
ocean n n.海洋
[ˈəʊʃ ]
mammal mæml n.哺乳动物 natural ecology自然生态
[ˈ ]
habitat hæb tæt n. 动植物的 栖息地 species extinction物种灭绝
[ˈ ɪ ] ( )
wildlife wa ldla f n.野生生物 endangered wildlife濒危野生动物
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ]
coastline k stla n n.海岸线 wildlife caring/conservation野生动物保护
[ˈ əʊ ɪ ]
275
vegetation deterioration植被破坏
·环境问题·
overfishing v f ŋ n.过度捕捞
[ˌəʊ əˈ ɪʃɪ ]
deforestation di f r ste n n.森林滥伐
[ˌ ːˌ ɒ ɪˈ ɪʃ ]
desertification d z t f ke n n.荒漠化
[ ɪˌ ɜːɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ ]
acid rain酸雨
marine litter海洋垃圾
global warming全球变暖
vehicle exhaust汽车尾气
white pollution白色污染
greenhouse effect温室效应
excessive packaging过度包装
climate change/crisis气候变化/危机
extreme weather event极端天气事件
the abuse of plastic bag滥用塑料袋
·环保政策·
recycling ri sa kl ŋ n.回收利用
[ˌ ːˈ ɪ ɪ ]
restoration rest re n n.整修 修复
[ˌ əˈ ɪʃ ] ;
green development绿色发展
alternative energy替代能源
energy conservation能源保护
ecological balance生态平衡
emission reduction减排
renewable resource可再生资源
nuclear/solar energy核/太阳能
ecological protection生态保护
garbage classification垃圾分类
environmental awareness环境意识
三、校园职场
. 校园生活
1
·课余生活·
autumn outing秋游
a charity sale义卖活动
food/book fair美食节/书展
summer/winter camp夏/冬令营
oral/theme presentation口头/主题演讲
a social practice program社会实践项目
awards/graduation ceremony颁奖/毕业典礼
orientation event/ceremony迎新活动/开学典礼
singing/choir competition歌唱/合唱比赛
drama/debating/literary society
戏剧/辩论/文学社
sports meet/athletic meeting/Games运动会
reading/writing/Shakespeare seminar
阅读/写作/莎士比亚研讨课
lectures on literature/politics/modern art
文学/政治/现代艺术讲座
translation/essay writing/story writing contest
翻译/征文/故事写作比赛
tutor tju t r n.指导教师
[ˈ ːə( )]
graduate ɡræd u t n.毕业生
[ˈ ʒ ə ]
assistant s st nt n.助理
[əˈ ɪ ə ]
competitor k mpet t r n.参赛者
[ ə ˈ ɪə( )]
headmaster hedmɑ st r n.校长
[ˌ ˈ ː ə( )]
prizewinner pra zw n r n.获奖者
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ə( )]
postgraduate p stɡræd u t n.研究生
[ˌ əʊ ˈ ʒ ə ]
undergraduate nd ɡræd u t n.本科生
[ˌʌ əˈ ʒ ə ]
exchange student交换生
prospective candidate准候选人
foreign⁃educated student海外留学生
overseas/international student留学生
youth/international/registered volunteer
青年/国际/注册志愿者
·角色身份·
staff stɑ f n.全体职工
[ ː ]
·学术活动·
make⁃up exam补考
academic guidance学术指导
graduation design毕业设计
graduation thesis毕业论文
academic integrity学术诚信
276academic misconduct学术不端 大学/高中入学考试
laboratory experiment实验室实验 chemistry/physics/academic competition
academic argumentation学术论证 化学/物理/学术竞赛
college/high school entrance exam
. 学习教育
2
·学科专业·
biology ba l d i n.生物学
[ ɪˈɒə ʒ ]
physics f z ks n.物理学
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ]
science sa ns n.理科
[ˈ ɪə ]
chemistry kem stri n.化学
[ˈ ɪ ]
economics i k n m ks n.经济学
[ˌː əˈ ɒ ɪ ]
geography d i ɡr fi n.地理学
[ ʒˈɒ ə ]
sociology s si l d i n.社会学
[ˌ əʊ ˈɒə ʒ ]
academic study学业
the humanities人文学科
journalism major新闻专业
interdisciplinary course跨学科课程
the selection of major专业的选择
optional/elective course选修课
required/compulsory course必修课
·教育教学·
credit hours学时
standardized tests标准化测试
exam⁃oriented education应试教育
cramming method of teaching填鸭式教学
vocational education职业教育
quality⁃oriented education素质教育
educational consciousness教育意识
interdisciplinary teaching跨学科教学
intelligent tutoring system智能教学系统
GPA⁃based evaluation system
基于平均成绩点数的评价体系
game⁃based learning玩乐式学习
live⁃streaming course直播课程
training session/course培训课程
pre⁃recorded video lecture录播视频课程
off⁃campus tutoring/tutorial course
校外辅导课程
·学习模式·
online education在线教育
remote learning远程学习
lifelong learning终身学习
overseas program留学项目
·能力培养·
multitasking m ltitɑ sk ŋ n.多 重 任务处理
[ˌ ʌ ˈ ː ɪ ] ( )
communication k mju n ke n n.沟通
[ əˌ ː ɪˈ ɪʃ ]
comprehensive abilities综合能力
mathematical/physical advantage
数学/物理优势
talent in science and engineering
理工科方面的特长
learning/analytical/public speaking skill
学习/分析/公众演讲技巧
·学业成就·
degree d ɡri n. 大学 学位
[ ɪˈ ː] ( )
diploma d pl m n.毕业文凭
[ ɪˈ əʊ ə]
admittance dm tns n.录取 准许入学
[ə ˈ ɪ ] ;
junior college大专
educational background学历
degree certificate学位证书
college equivalence大学同等学力
a doctoral/master s degree博士/硕士学位
’
university/college admission大学录取
postgraduate entrance exam
研究生入学考试
a diploma in linguistics/business studies
语言学/商学文凭
national/first⁃grade/postgraduate scholarship
国家/一等/研究生奖学金
277. 职业生涯
3
·就业准备·
intern nt n n.实习生
[ˈɪ ɜː ]
employee mpl i n.受雇者 雇员
[ɪ ˈ ɔɪː] ;
employer mpl r n.雇用者 雇主
[ɪ ˈ ɔɪə( )] ;
job offer工作邀请
job market就业市场
job application求职申请
job seeking/hunting求职
job information/guidance就业信息/指导
career opportunity就业机会
career option/plan职业选择/规划
employment preference就业意向
professional knowledge专业知识
colleague k li ɡ n.同事 同僚
[ˈ ɒ ː ] ;
co⁃worker k w k r n.合作者 同事
[ˈ əʊ ɜː ə( )] ;
job security工作稳定性
side business副业
attendance rate出勤率
the career ladder职业晋升阶梯
the career plateau职业停滞期
internship program实习计划
on⁃campus recruitment校招
vocational skills training职业技能培训
·工作经历·
teammate ti mme t n.队友
[ˈ ː ɪ ]
·就业趋势·
employment rate就业率
full employment充分就业
unemployment rate失业率
overseas employment海外就业
delayed/slow employment延迟/慢就业
四、伦理道德
. 社会公德
1
bias ba s n.偏见 偏心 social security社会保障
[ˈ ɪə ] ;
equity ekw ti n.公平 公正 moral dilemma道德困境
[ˈ ə ] ;
charity t ær ti n. 慈善 赈济 慈善机构 social atmosphere社会风气
[ˈʃ ə ] ① ; ②
decency di snsi n.正派 得体 civic⁃minded citizen有公德心的公民
[ˈ ː ] ;
justice d st s n. 公平 公正 司法制度 public benefit activity公益活动
[ˈ ʒʌ ɪ ] ① ; ②
pension pen n n.养老金 退休金 a charity sale慈善义卖
[ˈ ʃ ] ;
welfare welfe r n. 帮助 福利 救济金 universal ethics普世伦理
[ˈ ə( )] ① ; ②
injustice nd st s n.不公正 不公平 humanitarian aid人道主义援助
[ɪ ˈ ʒʌ ɪ ] ;
prejudice pred ud s n.偏见 成见 international assistance国际援助
[ˈ ʒ ɪ ] ;
discrimination d skr m ne n n.区别对待 歧视 harmonious coexistence和谐共存
[ ɪˌ ɪ ɪˈ ɪʃ ] ;
poverty alleviation project扶贫项目
moral norm道德规范 traditional Chinese virtue中华传统美德
. 家庭关系
2
heir e r n.继承人 后嗣 kinship k n p n.亲属关系
[ ə( )] ; [ˈ ɪ ʃɪ ]
bride bra d n.新娘 rearing r r ŋ n.抚养 养育
[ ɪ ] [ˈ ɪə ɪ ] ;
groom ɡru m n.新郎 sibling s bl ŋ n.兄弟 姊妹
[ ː ] [ˈ ɪ ɪ ] ;
spouse spa s n.配偶 adoption d p n n.收养 领养
[ ʊ ] [əˈ ɒ ʃ ] ;
divorce d v s n.离婚 ancestor ænsest r n.祖宗 祖先
[ ɪˈ ɔː ] [ˈ ə( )] ;
278housewife ha swa f n.主妇 家庭妇女 left⁃behind children留守儿童
[ˈ ʊ ɪ ] ;
nuclear family核心家庭
filial piety孝顺 family tie/bond家庭纽带
tiger mother虎妈 parental right亲权/父母的权利
child abuse儿童虐待 parent⁃child relationship亲子关系
a spoiled child被宠坏的孩子 parental supervision/involvement家长监督/参与
五、文化娱乐
. 文化传统
1
brush br n.画笔 毛笔 the Mid⁃Autumn Festival中秋节
[ ʌʃ] ;
compass k mp s n.指南针 罗盘仪 the Chinese Valentine s Day七夕节
[ˈ ʌ ə ] ; ’
lantern lænt n n.灯笼 提灯 Tomb Sweeping Day/Festival清明节
[ˈ ə ] ;
radical ræd kl n.偏旁 部首 Confucius Institute孔子学院
[ˈ ɪ ] ;
heritage her t d n.遗产 传统 Chinese martial arts中国武术
[ˈ ɪɪ ʒ] ;
inkstone ŋkst n n.砚 调墨台 cross⁃cultural exchange跨文化交流
[ˈɪ əʊ ] ;
printing pr nt ŋ n.印刷 印刷术 cultural relics/artifacts文物
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ] ;
gunpowder ɡ npa d r n.火药 黑色火药 ancient palace complex古代宫殿建筑群
[ˈ ʌ ʊ ə( )] ;
papermaking pe p me k ŋ n.造纸 造纸术 thriving socialist culture繁荣的社会主义文化
[ˈ ɪ əˌ ɪ ɪ ] ;
cultural confidence/inheritance文化自信/传承
the Dragon Boat Festival端午节 mutual learning among civilizations文明互鉴
. 文学艺术
2
epic ep k n.史诗 叙事诗 traditional Chinese painting国画
[ˈ ɪ ] ;
myth m n.神话 神话故事 artistic taste/appeal艺术鉴赏力/感染力
[ ɪ] ;
prose pr z n.散文 fairy tale童话
[ əʊ ]
verse v s n.诗 韵文 man of letters文人
[ ɜː ] ;
comedy k m di n.喜剧 adapted works改编作品
[ˈ ɒ ə ]
fiction f k n n.小说 literary classic文学经典
[ˈ ɪ ʃ ]
tragedy træd di n.悲剧 figure of speech修辞手法
[ˈ ʒə ]
metaphor met f r n.隐喻 暗喻 writing structure写作结构
[ˈ ə ə( )] ;
biography ba ɡr fi n.传记 作品 realistic portrayal现实主义的描绘
[ ɪˈɒ ə ] ( )
sculpture sk lpt r n.雕像 雕塑品 online literary works网络文学作品
[ˈ ʌ ʃə( )] ;
stream of consciousness意识流
fine art美术 poetry of the Tang Dynasty唐诗
. 休闲娱乐
3
pop p p n.流行音乐 流行乐曲 pastime pɑ sta m n.消遣 休闲活动
[ ɒ ] ; [ˈ ː ɪ ] ;
vlog vl ɡ n.视频博客 cassette k set n.盒式磁带 卡式录音带
[ ɒ ] [ əˈ ] ;
museum mjuzi m n.博物馆 博物院 knitting n t ŋ n.编织 针织
[ ˈ ːə ] ; [ˈ ɪɪ ] ;
resort r z t n.旅游胜地 度假胜地 ecotourism i k t r z m n.生态旅游
[ ɪˈ ɔː ] ; [ˈː əʊʊə ɪ ə ]
gallery ɡæl ri n.画廊 展览馆 exhibition eks b n n.展览 展出
[ˈ ə ] ; [ˌ ɪˈ ɪʃ ] ;
279photography f t ɡr fi n.摄影 照相术 stand⁃up comedy单口喜剧
[ əˈɒ ə ] ;
concert hall音乐厅
cross talk相声 opera house歌剧院
theme park主题乐园 concert tour巡回演唱会
online game网络游戏 hit song/single热门单曲
reading salon读书沙龙 art/music festival艺术/音乐节
amusement park游乐场 live music venue现场音乐场馆
六、个人发展
. 品质精神
1
·个性美德·
bravery bre v ri n.勇敢 无畏精神
[ˈ ɪ ə ] ;
modesty m d sti n.谦虚 谦逊
[ˈ ɒ ə ] ;
devotion d v n n.奉献 忠诚
[ ɪˈ əʊʃ ] ;
kindness ka ndn s n.仁慈 善良
[ˈ ɪ ə ] ;
optimism pt m z m n.乐观 乐观主义
[ˈɒ ɪ ɪ ə ] ;
patience pe ns n.耐心 忍耐力
[ˈ ɪʃ ] ;
diligence d l d ns n.勤奋 勤勉
[ˈ ɪɪ ʒə ] ;
endurance ndj r ns n.忍耐力 耐久力
[ɪ ˈ ʊə ə ] ;
sincerity s nser ti n.诚意 真挚
[ ɪ ˈ ə ] ;
confidence k nf d ns n.自信心 把握
[ˈ ɒ ɪ ə ] ;
generosity d en r s ti n.慷慨 大方
[ˌ ʒ əˈ ɒ ə ] ;
cooperation k p re n n.合作 协作
[ əʊˌɒ əˈ ɪʃ ] ;
persistence p s st ns n.坚持 锲而不舍
[ əˈ ɪ ə ] ;
independence nd pend ns n.自立 独立
[ˌɪ ɪˈ ə ] ;
determination d t m ne n n.决心 坚定
[ ɪˌɜː ɪˈ ɪʃ ] ;
intuition ntju n n.直觉力
[ˌɪ ˈɪʃ ]
brilliance br li ns n.才能 才华
[ˈ ɪ ə ] ;
capability ke p b l ti n.能力 才能
[ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪə ] ;
efficiency f nsi n.效率 效能
[ɪˈ ɪʃ ] ;
excellence eks l ns n.优秀 杰出
[ˈ əə ] ;
leadership li d p n.领导才能
[ˈ ː əʃɪ ]
rich creativity/imagination丰富的创造力/想象力
unusual/extraordinary ability非凡的能力
the power of hearing/speech听力/语言能力
·天赋才能·
aptitude æpt tju d n.天资 天赋
[ˈ ɪ ː ] ;
·目标发展·
pursuit p sju t n.追求
[ əˈ ː ]
endeavor ndev r n.努力 尝试
[ɪ ˈ ə( )] ;
recognition rek ɡn n n.认可 赏识
[ˌ ə ˈ ɪʃ ] ;
breakthrough bre k ru n.突破 重大进展
[ˈ ɪ ː] ;
great aim/ambition远大的目标/抱负
linear progression直线式的发展
painstaking effort艰苦奋斗
. 兴趣爱好
2
film⁃making f lm me k ŋ n.电影制作
·活动项目· [ˈ ɪ ɪ ɪ ]
golf ɡ lf n.高尔夫球运动 home party家庭派对
[ ɒ ]
hiking ha k ŋ n.徒步旅行 ball sports球类运动
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ]
camping kæmp ŋ n.野营度假 dog walking遛狗
[ˈ ɪ ]
cooking k k ŋ n.烹饪 craft making做手工
[ˈ ʊ ɪ ]
cycling sa kl ŋ n.骑自行车运动 table tennis乒乓球
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ]
jogging d ɡ ŋ n.慢跑锻炼 flower growing养花
[ˈ ʒɒ ɪ ]
musical mju z kl n.音乐剧 square dancing广场舞
[ˈ ː ɪ ]
gardening ɡɑ dn ŋ n.园艺 card/board game纸牌/棋类游戏
[ˈ ː ɪ ]
280roadside picnic路边野餐
live performance现场表演
computer programming电脑编程
exploration of nature探索自然
indoor/outdoor activity室内/户外运动
food sharing and appreciation
美食分享与品鉴
·热情爱好·
amateur æm t r n.业余爱好者
[ˈ əə( )]
homebody h mb di n.喜欢待在家里的人
[ˈ əʊ ɒ ]
a big/huge fan铁杆粉丝
a travel/tech lover旅游/科技迷
. 身心健康
3
·健康习惯·
protein pr ti n n.蛋白质
[ˈ əʊ ː ]
vitamin v t m n n.维他命 维生素
[ˈ ɪə ɪ ] ;
warm⁃up w m p n.热身 准备活动
[ˈ ɔː ʌ ] ;
workout w ka t n.锻炼
[ˈ ɜː ʊ ]
nutrition njutr n n.营养
[ ˈ ɪʃ ]
fat intake脂肪摄入量
food safety食品安全
adequate sleep睡眠充足
plant⁃based meal植物性饮食
regular schedule作息规律
junk/organic food垃圾/有机食品
balanced/light diet均衡/清淡饮食
smoking⁃related disease/problem
吸烟引发的疾病/问题
·身体健康·
obesity bi s ti n.肥胖
[əʊˈ ː ə ]
symptom s mpt m n.症状
[ˈ ɪ ə ]
disorder d s d r n.疾病 紊乱
[ ɪ ˈɔː ə( )] ;
disability d s b l ti n.缺陷 障碍
[ˌ ɪ əˈ ɪə ] ;
sub⁃health s b hel n.亚健康
[ˌ ʌ ˈ ]
heart attack心脏病
lung/breast cancer肺/乳腺癌
stomach/chest pain胃/胸疼
physical fitness身体素质
minor/serious illness/sickness小/重病
·心理健康·
relief r li f n.轻松 宽慰
[ ɪˈ ː ] ;
sorrow s r n.悲伤
[ˈ ɒ əʊ]
unease ni z n.不安 忧虑
[ʌ ˈː ] ;
anxiety æŋza ti n.焦虑
[ ˈ ɪə ]
comfort k mf t n.安逸 安慰
[ˈ ʌ ə ] ;
depression d pre n n.抑郁 沮丧
[ ɪˈ ʃ ] ;
lower moods情绪低落
peer pressure同侪压力
emotional stability/instability情绪稳定/不稳定
mental/spiritual stress/pressure精神压力
sense of loneliness/well⁃being孤独/幸福感
·医疗保健·
clinic kl n k n.诊所
[ˈ ɪ ɪ ]
surgery s d ri n.外科手术
[ˈ ɜː ʒə ]
diagnosis da ɡn s s n.诊断
[ˌ ɪə ˈ əʊ ɪ ]
medical aid医疗救助
pain killer止痛药
elderly care老年护理
nursing home养老院
rescue center救助中心
drug/medicine treatment药物疗法
281