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专题 05 阅读理解之议论文 12 篇
（23-24高二上·北京石景山·期末）There exist cruel wars, fighting and sadness in the world today, so it’s not
only necessary, but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us tide through difficult times in our
lives. Putting a smile on someone’s face when you know they are feeling depressed, as the saying goes, makes me
feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife, husband, child, co-worker, neighbor, close
friend, or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store? I am always saying things that
make others smile or laugh, even if I don’t know the person I’m joking around with. My Grandma always found
humor in everything she did, even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine. This not only relieves stress in any
situation, but also is common courtesy (礼貌) to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don’t have a funny bone in their bodies, as they say. Everyone around them could
be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.
They don’t get the joke that makes others laugh. I am busting a gut while they just sit there, looking at me as if I
were from outer space. How can people not get a really funny joke?
Laughing is essential to keeping your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with
a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadness in
this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into
our lives. So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing
together.
1．What is the author’s attitude towards the present world?
A．Positive. B．Satisfied. C．Critical. D．Indifferent.
2．The author answers the question in the second paragraph with .
A．evidence and argument B．opinions and persuasion
C．examples and conclusion D．descriptions and analysis
3．The phrase “busting a gut” underlined in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by .
A．speaking loudly B．laughing hard
C．acting strangely D．explaining carefully
4．In writing the passage, the author mainly intends to .
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司A．talk about his own understanding of humor
B．introduce a practical way to get through daily life
C．encourage people to make jokes about serious matters
D．convince people of the power of being optimistic about life
（23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）The need of plus-size consumers has long been the elephant in the room of the
fashion industry until body positivity and fat acceptance movements promoted that large-bodied people are not those
who are left behind. This trend has become so popular that it is influencing mainstream culture. As a result, fashion
brands have finally decided to expand their size ranges. In 2022, the plus-size market grew twice as fast as the
standard size market in both North America and the UK.
Yet, many consumers say fashion brands broadening their ranges are not truly inclusive (包容的). “Inclusive
sizing means that all bodies are included in fashion, not just the ones who fit in standard sizes,” says Marie North, a
UK-based journalist who covers body-image issues. “However, what many designers do right now is pick a number
that they think is big enough to include plus sizes and stop. This is even more disrespectful.”
Researchers also criticize (批评) that some brands are just taking advantage of the trend. “Brands that used to
promote so-called perfect bodies in their advertisements are now trying to get in on the trend by adding a few sizes.
It doesn’t feel like they really care about plus-size people,” says Michael Burgess, analyst in fashion industry. “If
brands cared about large-bodied consumers, then it wouldn’t have taken until now to acknowledge that they exist,”
he says. “It gives the impression that companies are just trying to gain a share of the market without a real devotion
to the community.”
The fashion industry must go beyond merely producing clothing in a range of sizes if they hope to succeed
with a body-diverse world. The whole industry has to connect on a personal level with consumers. That involves
showing shoppers that they are seen, understood and important to brands. “Consumers care about values, and so they
want to buy from brands that reflect the values they believe in. Everyone should enjoy the same range of fashion
choices,” says Ludovica Ospina, professor of marketing at the College of Business.
1．What do the underlined words “the elephant in the room” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Hardly satisfied. B．Socially accepted.
C．Widely promoted. D．Obvious but ignored.
2．What is Marie North’s attitude towards the all-size trend?
A．Unclear. B．Negative. C．Puzzled. D．Cautious.
3．For what are some brands criticized by researchers?
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司A．Their motivation. B．Their promotion.
C．Their devotion. D．Their advertisement.
4．What should fashion industry do in a body-diverse world?
A．Provide more fashion choices.
B．Show respect to the consumers.
C．Produce clothes in various sizes.
D．Build private relationships with customers.
（23-24高二上·四川达州·期末）There is no doubt that artificial intelligence—or AI—has become an important
part of our lives. It is no longer just a thing of science fiction: it’s an incredible technological breakthrough that has
changed the way we live. But there are fears that AI has become too intelligent and could be a threat to humanity.
This claim might sound extreme, but a letter signed by more than 1,000 technology experts, including Tesla boss
Elon Musk, called on the world to press pause (暂停) on the development of more advanced AI because of the risks.
Estonian billionaire Jaan Tallinn, for example, who helped develop communication app Skype, thinks we should be
cautious. Also The Future of Life Institute, a not-for-profit organization, says that there should be a temporary pause to
control the speed of advanced AI development and that “AI systems with human-competitive intelligence can cause
profound risks to society and humans.”
This negative view is supported by a report by investment bank Goldman Sachs that says AI could replace the
equivalent of 300 million full-time jobs. But it may also mean new jobs and a productivity bonanza. We may argue
that AI such as chatbots can help us. State-of-the-art ChatGPT, for example, has been helping some students write
assignments. AI is allowing computers to think or act in a more human way. And machine learning means computers
can learn what to do without being given evident instructions. The technology is impressive, but as it starts to think
for itself, will it outsmart us?
However, the founder of Microsoft, Bill Gates, has called on governments to work with industry to “limit the
risks” of AI. He says, “Just as the world needs its brightest people focused on its biggest problems, we will need to
focus the world’s best AIs on its biggest problems.” If this happens, maybe humanity will have a future.
1．What is the major fear that AI causes?
A．It will change our life completely. B．It will cause many job losses.
C．It will be too intelligent to control. D．It will replace many other technologies.
2．What did the technology experts demand?
A．Slowing the development of AI. B．Stopping the using of AI.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司C．Building a not-for-profit organization. D．Helping develop communication app Skype.
3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “bonanza” in paragraph 3?
A．Increase. B．Innovation. C．Problem. D．Expense.
4．Why does the author quote Bill Gates’ words?
A．To call on joint efforts of government and industries.
B．To expect Bill Gates’ company to make the best AIs.
C．To encourage more talented people to work with Bill Gates.
D．To express an optimistic attitude towards the AI development.
（23-24高二上·全国·期末）Digital technologies have profoundly changed childhood and adolescence. The
Internet and the means to access it, such as tablets and smartphones, along with social media platforms and messaging
apps, have become integral to the lives of youth around the world. They have transformed their education and learning,
the way they make and maintain friendships, how they spend their leisure time, and their engagement with wider
society. UNICEF’s State of the World’s Children 2017: Children in a Digital World report reveals that one in three
Internet users is younger than 18 years and 71% of 15-24-year-olds are online, making them the most connected age
group worldwide. However, the so-called digital divide is substantial: 346 million youth are not online, with African
adolescents the most affected(60% are not connected compared with 4% in Europe). Young people who lack digital
skills, live in remote regions, or speak a minority language are also being left behind in exploiting the opportunities
that digital technologies can provide. These benefits include access to education, training, and jobs, which can help
break intergenerational cycles of poverty, and access to news and information sources that can help protect their
health, safety, and rights.
Along with the substantial opportunities the digital age brings, come a diverse range of risks and harms. Digital
advances have meant that bullying is no longer left at the school gates; cyberbullying is a new method for bullies to
hurt and humiliate their victims with the click of a button. Words and images posted online that are designed to cause
harm are also difficult to delete, increasing the risk of re-victimisation. Concerns have also been raised about the time
children spend using digital technology and its effect on their physical activity and mental health. Evidence suggests
moderate use of digital technology can be beneficial to children’s mental wellbeing, whereas excessive use can be
detrimental. Children’s social relationships seem to be enhanced by digital technology, especially since most of their
social circle is now online. Evidence on physical activity is mixed, and better research is needed in this area. The
effect of the content children encounter online should be a focus of future studies. Some websites and apps present a
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司risk to the health of vulnerable youth, such as those that promote self-harm and suicide. Others support underage
activities, such as gambling.
Despite these issues, the popularity and use of digital technologies will continue to grow. Teachers and parents
need training to teach digital skills and online safety to children. They are also crucial to helping young people assess
reliable news and information sources and navigate the pressures on social media.
Children and adolescents have the most to gain and are most at risk from digital technologies. They must be at
the forefront of national and global digital policies, not only to protect them from online harm but also to allow
technology to help them fulfil their full potential.
1．According to the first paragraph, what makes the author concerned?
A．The increasing number of people affected by the digital technology.
B．The widening gap between the rich and the poor caused by technology.
C．The lack of attention to the young with little access to opportunities.
D．The negative effect of technology on children physically and mentally.
2．What can be inferred from the second paragraph?
A．There is no safe place for children being bullied in digital world.
B．Digital technology benefits children’s physical and mental health.
C．It’s necessary to teach children to tell right from wrong.
D．People should be taught about safe digital behaviours.
3．The underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．profound B．addicted
C．harmful D．stressful
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Neither Too Little nor Too Much B．A Healthy Mind in a Healthy Body
C．Technology Changes Our Lives D．Digital Technology Is Here to Stay
（23-24高二上·广东揭阳·期末）What does music mean to you? Do you use it to help relieve stress, anxiety
and fall asleep to? For many, the value of music is endless, and scientists and Nobel winners are no exception. From
seeing problems in a new way to developing discipline (自律), expressing creativity to working as a team, music has
helped many winners in both work and life.
Music has often helped Nobel winners think and process scientific information in a new way. Albert Einstein
was influenced by his mother who taught him to play the violin at a very early age. He was especially fond of Mozart,
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司Bach and Schubert. For Einstein, music worked as a brainstorming technique to help him reflect on his theories and
solve difficulties he met with. Einstein’s scientific ideas were often firstly created in the shape of images and
intuition (直觉), which music later helped to turn into mathematics, logic (逻辑) and words.
Besides helping them reflect on scientifically complex problems, music has helped Nobel winners learn discipline
and the importance of a creative mind. For Thomas Südhof’s awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,
music gave him important inputs and ideas. Südhof mostly enjoys classical music by masters like Mozart, which
requires a creative mind as well as great discipline. It is said that these two factors shaped Südhof’s development as
a scientist.
Furthermore, the cooperation between the members of a music band can be compared with the team effort found
within a research group. According to Medicine winner James Allison, it is necessary in both fields to build a team
where each individual makes their own contribution to the overall work. However, it is important that the
communication between the members work so smoothly that each individual also knows what needs to be done to
achieve breakthroughs. As James Allison states, “Every now and then my lab has been as well tuned—it feels like a
really good band”—the concept of great team work leading to great success can be applied to both science and
music.
1．What does the passage mainly tell us?
A．Music inspires a team to work together.
B．Music helps to relieve stress and anxiety.
C．Scientists worked together with the help of music.
D．Music helps scientists to achieve scientific success.
2．What did Einstein and Südhof have in common?
A．They both valued discipline.
B．They both liked classical music.
C．They studied the same area of science.
D．Intuition often came first to their mind.
3．What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean?
A．The lab members enjoy music.
B．The lab has made breakthroughs.
C．The lab works through great teamwork.
D．The lab members understand each other.
4．How did the author prove his or her opinion?
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司A．By comparing different ideas. B．By giving supporting examples.
C．By doing musical experiments. D．By referring to famous sayings.
（23-24高二上·江苏南通·期末）Time and time again, you hear someone ask why anyone would want to keep
an “ugly” building or a building that is dirty and clearly in need of work or such a simple, uninteresting building. I
guess you could say we preservationists look at buildings through a different lens that can see the swan in the ugly
duckling. Looking back on the years of dirt and neglect, we’ll realize that it’s our job as preservationists to teach
people about the lessons learned from our historic resources. This is no doubt something we can always work harder
on.
Take the Queen Emma Building for example. While people may remember that building being named as one of
the ugliest buildings in town, the angle from which a preservationist will view the building is that it is uniquely
constructed with an artistical brise-soleil to block the sun. The designer used standard concrete bricks to form a
decorative wall. Unfortunately, the brise-soleil was removed in 2011, making the building look like many of the
contemporary buildings in town.
Sometimes people remember a beautiful site that was replaced by a “horrid” piece of architecture and can’t get
over their anger, even when that building becomes an important part of our story. This is particularly true in San
Francisco, where many preservationists themselves dislike anything newer than the Victorian1 era. Yes, it was a
tragedy (悲剧) that many failed to appreciate the Victorian buildings and let many get torn down several decades ago,
but those losses also tell another important story. It tells the story of the 1950s and 1960s when there was hope for a
more equal society with inexpensive housing for the working class. Should that history be wiped from our
memories?
Preservation is not just about keeping pretty, well-kept buildings, but is meant to convey parts of our history.
Our history, our collective history. Not just the history of huge events of World War Il or Statehood, but the story of
how everyone used to go to a certain corner market or how the people lived in the segregated (隔离的) plantation
town and ultimately enjoyed a more egalitarian (平等主义的) living. Our history cannot be told only in buildings
that meet someone’s criteria of beauty; sometimes our history is painful, but no less important.
1．What can we learn about preservationists from Paragraph 1?
A．They prefer ugly buildings to beautiful ones.
B．They pay great attention to modern buildings.
C．They are devoted to repairing famous buildings.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司D．They focus on the value rather than the appearance.
2．What does the author think of removing the brise-soleil of the Queen Emma Building?
A．It’s confusing.
B．It’s pleasing.
C．It’s regrettable.
D．It’s unbelievable.
3．Why were many Victorian buildings in San Francisco torn down?
A．To wipe the history of the Victorian era.
B．To make land available for cheap housing.
C．To work off the deep anger of the working class.
D．To restore the architecture before the Victorian era.
4．What might be the best title for the text?
A．Are ugly buildings worth preserving?
B．Is preservationists’ work meaningless?
C．Why do architects make ugly buildings?
D．What buildings are of historical value?
（23-24高二上·吉林长春·期末）When you look through Facebook, you can see posts about simple stretches
to make the back pain less, how to make apple pie, and how to be single and happy. Or if you go on Youtube, you
can find fashion experts talking about makeup tips, or Youtubers teaching playing the guitar. But those stretching
exercises, the way to make apple pie, how to be happy being single, how to make up, and how to play the guitar better
are things that most people never master doing at the end.
Technology has brought a surplus (过剩) of information to the world, but it hasn’t made people smarter. On
average, people spend 50 minutes per day on Facebook alone. Being exposed to this surplus information is not the
same as internalizing (内在化) the information really, so it doesn’t make people better at thinking, understanding and
learning.
Today, the quality of the knowledge is sacrificed for quantity. There’s disequilibrium between the information
we access and the information that we use. The chase (追求) for more information is exciting too. The desire to keep
up sends most people looking through Facebook on a frequent basis. People are troubled by the fear of missing out.
Most are up to date on impressive stories, and are sharing like mad on Facebook and WhatsApp, but convenient
access to knowledge is no replacement for deep learning through effort and concentration. Only very little of the
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司easily-accessed information have people really applied in their lives.
While it’d be perfect to absorb and apply 100% of the information, it’s not quite possible. If you want to hang
onto information for a long time, you’ll need to be selective about what you choose to absorb.
Get a brain filter (过滤器). Looking through the Internet is a passive form of knowledge acquisition (知识的
获得). The amount of information that you can access is always going to be more than you can process. To focus
on the information you take in, remove the information that doesn’t make you become better than before. What must
you learn to be successful? Taking this simple step enables you to pass over unrelated information.
Knowledge isn’t useful until you can apply it. If you are trying to learn a new skill, you’ll have to do the things
that you’ve read about in your research. Until you’ve made many attempts to master the ski-trick you saw on Youtube,
you haven’t internalized it. When you can land the trick without thinking or recall information without struggling, it
is yours. True learning is not always easy. You’ll experience struggles as you deal with new challenges and go through
the Digital Age.
1．Why doesn’t exposure to the surplus information make people smarter?
A．Because people take in some useless information.
B．Because people ignore the real value of information
C．Because people don’t master the information truly.
D．Because people have no ability to select useful information.
2．What does the underlined word “disequilibrium” mean?
A．Division. B．Link. C．Comparison. D．Imbalance.
3．What do you know about the brain filter?
A．It will help you update the information.
B．It will make the brain absorb more information.
C．Its purpose is to filter out information that won’t improve you.
D．It can bring some unrelated information to the brain.
4．What does the example of skiing in Para.6 suggest?
A．Information should be taken into the real world and be applied.
B．Knowledge is only meant to be known, not be applied.
C．Information absorption differs from practical application.
D．Most people have never learned how to learn properly.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司（23-24高二上·北京平谷·期末）In many languages, the word for “mother/mom” takes an m-sound. Is there
any reason for such near-universality?
Linguists(语言学家) generally argue for “the arbitrariness of the sign”: no connection exists between the word
dog and the furry quadruped. A rare exception is onomatopoeia, where words representing the bark of a dog (bow-
wow) and the buzz made by a bee are more or less similar to the sound. Yet most things are not subject to naming
this way.
What about mama? It does not sound like a mother, but the fact is that some sounds are more widespread than
others around the world. There are many dozens of observed consonants which are rare and hard for non-natives to
learn.
In contrast, a few—such as b, m, p, t, d and k—show up far more frequently, in nearly every spoken language in
the world. That is almost certainly because they are easy to make. A baby vocalising will, at first, make a vowel-like
sound, usually something like “ah”, which requires little in the way of control over the mouth. If they briefly close
their mouth and continue vocalising, air will come out of their nose, thus making the m-sound that is used in “mother”
around the world.
Though the “mamas” bear the most obvious similarity, the “papas” have striking commonalities, too. Babies
can easily stop their breath when they close their lips (rather than going on breathing through the nose). This produces a
b-or a p-sound. It is surely for this reason that so many names for “father” use these consonants: papa in English, abb
in Arabic and baba in Mandarin. T-and d-sounds are similarly basic, involving a simple tap of the tongue against the
teeth: hence daddy, tatay (Tagalog) or tayta (Quechua).
Father and mother are, therefore, an oddity. F-is not especially easy to utter(发音); th-sounds are even harder.
English, Greek and Spanish are unusual in having them. Even Anglophone children may struggle with th-sounds
when they are five, or older still in many cases.
Anyway, it is hard to find linguistic universals amid the world’s dazzling variety.
1．What does the underlined word “quadruped” in Paragraph 2 most probably refer to?
A．Pronunciation B．Sound C．Bee D．Animal
2．“Mamas” and “papas” are used so universally because ________.
A．the sounds of the two words sound alike
B．air will come out of baby’s mouth directly
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司C．the sounds can be easily and naturally uttered
D．babies can continue their breath when closing their lips
3．According to the passage, which of the following words might be the most difficult to articulate?
A．Forthcoming. B．Programme. C．Magnificent. D．Magazine.
4．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Inspiration from babies’ smile and talks.
B．Linguists’ efforts to the research of sounds.
C．Connection between the word mum and dad.
D．Reasons for similar sounds in unrelated languages.
（23-24高二上·四川宜宾·期末）I am a big laugher. I’ve been told that even in a room of a thousand people,
you can always hear me laughing over the crowd. For me, laughter is the ultimate form of embodied joy. And by
“embodied”, I mean that my whole body is involved when I laugh. On the inside, it’s like a bubbling fountain of joy
spilling out all over the place.
But what is joy, anyway?
Life can be terrible, but if you decide to follow the sound of the joy-fountain, you will find joy showing up in
all kinds of places: pets playfully bouncing around, kindness, or even in nothingness.
How can joy be found? A friend moved into a new apartment and needed some help, so I helped him.
Afterwards, he was obviously so much happier and at case. I noticed that playing even a small part in his happiness
brought me great joy, and I took a moment to let this feeling of embodied joy in. We can practice letting joy in by
noticing how it feels to smile. Where does your body light up when you smile? When I smile, it makes me want to
take a deep breath, and I notice my shoulders and belly relaxing. When I embody caring and loving, it feels great!
Sadly, many of us are unaware of joy, or suspicious of it. Maybe you arc afraid to open up to joy, or maybe
you are so unfamiliar with what joy feels like that you ignore or resist it when it comes knocking. No one, other than
you, owns your happiness, but you might unknowingly block feelings or experiences that help you embody joy. The
fact is that when you can’t embody joy, you miss out on one of life’s essential vitamins.
Want more joy? Don’t be afraid to look silly. Silliness helps us take things less personally. It helps us see the
world the way a kid does. When we can find more joy in the smalls of everyday life, we can embody happiness, rather
than just pursuing it.
1．How is the topic of joy introduced at the beginning of the passage?
A．By highlighting a joyful experience.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司B．By stressing the importance of laughing.
C．By presenting an ultimate form of satisfaction.
D．By sharing the author’s understanding of joy.
2．What might be the author’s advice on finding joy?
A．Taking a deep breath. B．Smiling to your friends.
C．Doing small acts of kindness. D．Reflecting on nothingness.
3．What might be the reason for many of us missing joy?
A．That many of us refuse it on purpose.
B．That many of us are insensitive to joy.
C．That many of us lack life’s essential vitamins.
D．That many of us are likely to take joy for granted.
4．What is the best title of the text?
A．Life is the creation of joy B．A happy man always laughs last
C．People are always unaware of joy D．Happy people are happy in childhood
（23-24高二上·广东广州·期末）Early fifth-century philosopher St. Augustine famously wrote that he knew
what time was unless someone asked him. Albert Einstein added another wrinkle when he theorized that time varies
depending on where you measure it. Today’s state-of-the-art atomic(原子的) clocks have proven Einstein right. Even
advanced physics can’t decisively tell us what time is, because the answer depends on the question you’re asking.
Forget about time as an absolute. What if, instead of considering time in terms of astronomy, we related time to
ecology? What if we allowed environmental conditions to set the tempo(节奏) of human life? We’re increasingly
aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to
moderate(调节) our actions if we hope to live in balance. What if our definition of time reflected that?
Recently, I conceptualized a new approach to timekeeping that’s connected to circumstances on our planet,
conditions that might change as a result of global warming. We’re now building a clock at the Anchorage Museum
that reflects the total flow of several major Alaskan rivers, which are sensitive to local and global environmental
changes. We’ve programmed it to match an atomic clock if the waterways continue to flow at their present rate. If
the rivers run faster in the future on average, the clock will get ahead of standard time. If they run slower, you’ll see
the opposite effect.
The clock registers both short-term irregularities and long-term trends in river dynamics. It’s a sort of observatory
that reveals how the rivers are behaving from their own temporal frame(时间框架), and allows us to witness those
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司changes on our smartwatches or phones. Anyone who opts to go on Alaska Mean River Time will live in harmony
with the planet. Anyone who considers river time in relation to atomic time will encounter a major imbalance and
may be motivated to counteract it by consuming less fuel or supporting greener policies.
Even if this method of timekeeping is novel in its particulars, early agricultural societies also connected time to
natural phenomena. In pre-Classical Greece, for instance, people “corrected” official calendars by shifting dates
forward or backward to reflect the change of season. Temporal connect ion to the environment was vital to their
survival. Likewise, river. time and other timekeeping systems we’re developing may encourage environmental
awareness.
When St. Augustine admitted his inability to define time, he highlighted one of time’s most noticeable qualities:
Time becomes meaningful only in a defined context. Any timekeeping system is valid, and each is as praiseworthy
as its purpose.
1．What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A．Everyone can define time on their own terms.
B．Timekeeping is increasingly related to nature.
C．The qualities of time vary with how you measure it.
D．Time is a major concern of philosophers and scientists
2．The author raises three questions in Paragraph 2 mainly to .
A．evaluate an argument
B．introduce an approach
C．present an assumption
D．highlight an experiment
3．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Those who do not go on river time will live an imbalanced life.
B．New ways of measuring time can help to control Earth systems.
C．Atomic time will get ahead of river time if the rivers run slower.
D．Modern technology may help to shape the rivers’ temporal frame.
4．What can we infer from this passage?
A．History is a mirror reflecting reality.
B．We should live in harmony with nature.
C．A fixed frame will make time meaningless.
D．It is crucial to improve the definition of time.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司（23-24高二上·浙江宁波·期末）We are all aware of the damaging pollution that’s created by driving petrol
and diesel(柴油) vehicles. Many of the world’s cities are blocked with traffic, creating fumes containing gases such
as nitrogen oxides.The solution for a cleaner, greener future could be electric vehicles. But how optimistic should we
be? There was much excitement last year when the UK government announced it will ban the sale of new petrol and
diesel cars from 2030. But is that easier said than done?
The road to global traffic being totally electric is still a long way off. Currently, battery life is an issue ——a
fully charged battery won’t take you as far as a full tank of petrol. There are also limited numbers of charging points to
plug an electric vehicle into. Of course, technology is always improving. Some of the biggest tech companies, like
Google and Tesla, are spending huge amounts of money developing electric cars. And most of the big car manufacturers
are now making them too. Colin Herron, a consultant on low-carbon vehicle technology, told the BBC, “The big leap
forward will come with solid-state batteries, which will appear first in mobile phones and laptops before they progress
to cars. “These will charge more quickly and give cars a bigger range. Cost is another issue that may discourage
people switching to electric power. But some countries offer incentive, such as cutting prices by reducing import
taxes, and not charging for road tax and parking. Some also provide exclusive lanes for electric cars to be driven on,
overtaking traditional cars which might be stuck in jams.
These kinds of measures have made Norway the country with the most electric cars per capita(人均) at more
than thirty electric cars per 1000 inhabitants. But Colin Herron warns that “electric motoring” doesn’t mean a zero-
carbon future. “It’s emission-free motoring, but the car has to be built, the battery has to be built, and the electricity
does come from somewhere.” Maybe it’s time to think about making fewer journeys or using public transport.
1．What can we infer from the question at the end of Paragraph 1?
A．It is not easy to obtain a greener future by means of electric vehicles.
B．Electric vehicles may not solve the traffic problems.
C．We should not be too optimistic about the future.
D．It’s not a good idea to replace petrol vehicles with electric ones.
2．What does the underlined word “incentive” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．permission B．encouragement C．admission D．insistence
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Electric motoring will create a zero-carbon future.
B．Putting solid-state batteries in electric cars first will be a “great leap forward”.
C．There are four obstacles on the road to global traffic being totally electric.
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司D．Electric cars might not get stuck in traffic jams in the future.
4．What is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Electric Power or Petrol: A Tough Decision to Make
B．Electric Vehicles: A Road to a Greener Future
C．Total Electric Traffic: A Long Way to Go
D．Petrol and Diesel Vehicles: A Main Source of Gases
（23-24高二上·广西·期末）It might be a shock, but video games might be added to the 2024 Olympics. The
debate over this gives both sports and video game fans something to consider.
The Olympic Games were created in the 1890s with the inspiration of replicating (重现) the ancient Olympic
Games which were a celebration for the ancient Greek God, Zeus. Thereafter, it changed to be a great competition to
show off the athletes’ strength, physical abilities, and skills. On the other hand, video games were first made for
entertaining the people. It wasn’t until 1972 that the first competitive video game was created. Afterwards, people
held competitions to exhibit players’ skills: hand-eye coordination (手眼协调), quick thinking, and even teamwork.
With these two types of similar events, it’s easy to see why people are considering combining the two.
With this addition to the Olympic Games, it gives the competitors more competing events, gives different types
of entertainment to viewers, and allows more people to join the Olympics. Besides, allowing video games in the
Olympics will not only exhibit physical strength, but also bring intelligence, reaction speed, and more teamwork to
the competition.
However, every coin has two sides. One disadvantage of this extension of the Olympic Games is the increase of
“Haters”. There have already been cases of people who dislike video games in their everyday lifestyle. If the two
activities were to combine, the popularity of this event would be lowered.
The worst downside appears. If video games were to enter the Olympics, it would not be the competition that it
was originally made to be. The Olympics were made for great athletic abilities and skills, not for pushing buttons to
control something that isn’t physically real.
With both positive and negative effects, it will be a hard choice whether or not to place video games in the
Olympics. Although the final decision hasn’t been made yet, we’d better keep open-minded about that.
1．Which of the following shows the structure of the text?
A．①②/③/④⑤/⑥ B．①②③/④⑤/⑥
C．①/②③④/⑤/⑥ D．①②/③④/⑤/⑥
2．According to the author, what does adding video games to the Olympics mean?
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司A．Some other events will be got rid of.
B．The atmosphere will be more harmonious.
C．The inclusiveness of the Olympics will increase.
D．The chance of winning in the Olympics will decrease.
3．What is the biggest disadvantage of adding video games to the Olympics?
A．Video games will become widely popular with children.
B．People will lose interest in great athletic abilities.
C．The original purpose of the Olympics will be lost.
D．The popularity of the Olympics will fade.
4．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Should the events of the Olympics be expanded?
B．Should the Olympics be encouraged to change?
C．Should video games be further encouraged?
D．Should video games be in the Olympics?
学学科科网网（（北北京京））股股份份有有限限公公司司
